Improvements in land use and management are needed at a global scale to tackle interconnected global challenges of population growth, poverty, migration, climate change, biodiversity loss, and degrading land and water resources. There are hundreds of technical options for improving the sustainability of land management and preventing or reversing degradation, but there are many sociocultural, institutional, economic, and policy barriers hindering their adoption at large scale. To tackle this challenge, the Dryland Systems Program of the Consultative Group for International Agricultural Research and the UN Convention to Combat Desertification convened an expert group to consider barriers and incentives to scaling technologies, processes, policies, or institutional arrangements. The group reviewed existing frameworks for scaling sustainable land management (SLM) interventions across a range of contexts and identified eight critical actions for success: (a) plan iteratively; (b) consistently fund; (c) select SLM options for scaling based on best available evidence; (d) identify and engage with stakeholders at all scales; (e) build capacity for scaling; (f) foster institutional leadership and policy change to support scaling; (g) achieve early benefits and incentives for as many stakeholders as possible; and (h) monitor, evaluate, and communicate. Incentives for scaling were identified for the private sector, farmers and their communities, and policy makers. Based on these findings, a new action framework for scaling is presented that analyses the contexts where specific SLM interventions can be scaled, so that SLM options can be screened and adapted to these contexts, piloted and disseminated. The framework can help countries achieve land degradation neutrality.Global change is expected to reduce the provision of multiple ecosystem services in drylands, the largest biome on Earth. Understanding the relative importance of climate change and overgrazing on ecosystems services is critical for predicting the effects of global change on ecosystem well\uffe2\uff80\uff90being. We generated a system\uffe2\uff80\uff90level understanding of the effects of climate (aridity intensity) and land use intensification (herbivore grazing intensity) on four regulating ecosystem services (C\uffe2\uff80\uff90storage, N\uffe2\uff80\uff90availability and P\uffe2\uff80\uff90availability, and organic matter decomposition) and one provisioning service (plant production) in wooded drylands from eastern Australia. Climate change and grazing intensity had different effects on multiple ecosystem services. Increasing aridity from 0\uffc2\uffb719 (dry subhumid) to 0\uffc2\uffb763 (arid) had consistent suppressive effects on C\uffe2\uff80\uff90storage, N\uffe2\uff80\uff90availability, decomposition and plant biomass services, but not on P\uffe2\uff80\uff90availability. The magnitude of these suppressive effects was greater than any effects due to grazing. All sites showed evidence of kangaroo grazing, but the heaviest grazing was due to cattle (dung: range 0\uffe2\uff80\uff934545\uffc2\uffa0kg ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921; mean 142\uffc2\uffa0kg ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921). Any effects of grazing on ecosystem services were herbivore specific and ranged from positive to neutral or negative. Sheep, and to a lesser extent cattle, were associated with greater N\uffe2\uff80\uff90availability. Rabbits, however, had a greater effect on P\uffe2\uff80\uff90availability than aridity. Our study suggests that increases in livestock grazing may fail to sustain ecosystem services because of the generally stronger negative effect of increasing aridity on most ecosystem services in our model dryland. These services are likely therefore to decline with global increases in aridity. Copyright \uffc2\uffa9 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "ecosystem services", " nutrient cycling", " climate change", " dryland", " grazing", "13. Climate action", "XXXXXX - Unknown", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ldr.2736"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.2736"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Land%20Degradation%20%26amp%3B%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/ldr.2736", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/ldr.2736", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/ldr.2736"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-05-12T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/ldr.2784", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:14:26Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-08-24", "title": "Alleviating Nitrogen Limitation in Mediterranean Maquis Vegetation Leads to Ecological Degradation", "description": "AbstractSoils are being degraded at an alarming rate and thereby also crucial ecosystem goods and services. Nitrogen (N) enrichment is a major driver of this degradation. While the negative impacts of N enrichment on vegetation are well known globally, those on various ecological interactions, and on ecosystem functioning, remain largely unknown. Because Mediterranean ecosystems are N limited, they are good model systems for evaluating how N enrichment impacts not only vegetation but also ecological partnerships and ecosystem functioning. Using a 7\uffe2\uff80\uff90year N\uffe2\uff80\uff90manipulation (dose and form) field experiment running in a Mediterranean Basin maquis located in a region with naturally low ambient N deposition (<4\uffc2\uffa0kg\uffc2\uffa0N\uffc2\uffa0ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffc2\uffa0y\uffe2\uff88\uff921), we assessed the impacts of the N additions on (i) the dominant plant species (photosynthetic N\uffe2\uff80\uff90use efficiency); (ii) plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93soil ecological partnerships with ectomycorrhiza and N\uffe2\uff80\uff90fixing bacteria; and (iii) ecosystem degradation (plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93soil cover, biological mineral weathering and soil N fixation). N additions significantly disrupted plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93soil cover, plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93soil biotic interactions, and ecosystem functioning compared with ambient N deposition conditions. However, the higher the ammonium dose (alone or with nitrate), the more drastic these disruptions were. We report a critical threshold at 20\uffe2\uff80\uff9340\uffc2\uffa0kg ammonium ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffc2\uffa0y\uffe2\uff88\uff921 whereby severe ecosystem degradation can be expected. These observations are critical to help explain the mechanisms behind ecosystem degradation, to describe the collective loss of organisms and multifunction in the landscape, and to predict potential fragmentation of Mediterranean maquis under conditions of unrelieved N enrichment. Copyright \uffc2\uffa9 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Land restoration is considered to be the remedy for 21st century global challenges of land degradation. As a result, various land restoration and conservation efforts are underway at different scales. Ethiopia is one of the countries with huge investments in land restoration. Tremendous land management practices have been implemented across the country since the 1970s. However, the spatial distribution of the interventions has not been documented, and there is no systematic, quantitative evidence on whether land restoration efforts have achieved the restoration of desired ecosystem services. Therefore, we carried out a meta\uffe2\uff80\uff90analysis of peer\uffe2\uff80\uff90reviewed scientific literature related to land restoration efforts and their impacts in Ethiopia. Results show that most of the large\uffe2\uff80\uff90scale projects have been implemented in the highlands, specifically in Tigray and Amhara regions covering about 24 agroecological zones, and land restoration impact studies are mostly focused in the highlands but restricted in about 11 agroecological zones. The highest mean effect on agricultural productivity is obtained from the combination of bunds and biological interventions followed by conservation agriculture practices with 170% and 18% increases, respectively. However, bunds alone, biological intervention alone, and terracing (fanya juu) reveal negative effects on productivity. The mean effect of all land restoration interventions on soil organic carbon is positive, the highest effect being from \uffe2\uff80\uff9cbunds + biological\uffe2\uff80\uff9d (139%) followed by exclosure (90%). Reduced soil erosion and runoff are the dominant impacts of all interventions. The results can be used to improve existing guidelines to better match land restoration options with specific desired ecosystem functions and services. Although the focus of this study was on the evaluation of the impacts of land restoration efforts on selected ecosystem services, impacts on livelihood and national socioeconomy have not been examined. Thus, strengthening socioeconomic studies at national scale to assess the sustainability of land restoration initiatives is an essential next step.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "land restoration", "land degradation", "ecological restoration", "1. No poverty", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "landscape conservation", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "ecosystem services", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.3424"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Land%20Degradation%20%26amp%3B%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/ldr.3424", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/ldr.3424", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/ldr.3424"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-11-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/sae2.12031", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:14:28Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-11-12", "title": "Frontiers in soil ecology\u2014Insights from the World Biodiversity Forum 2022", "description": "AbstractGlobal change is affecting soil biodiversity and functioning across all terrestrial ecosystems. Still, much is unknown about how soil biodiversity and function will change in the future in response to simultaneous alterations in climate and land use, as well as other environmental drivers. It is crucial to understand the direct, indirect\uffc2\uffa0and interactive effects of global change drivers on soil communities and ecosystems across environmental contexts, not only today but also in the near future. This is particularly relevant for international efforts to tackle climate change like the Paris Agreement, and considering the failure to achieve the 2020 biodiversity targets, especially the target of halting soil degradation. Here, we outline the main frontiers related to soil ecology that were presented and discussed at the thematic sessions of the World Biodiversity Forum 2022 in Davos, Switzerland. We highlight multiple frontiers of knowledge associated with data integration, causal inference, soil biodiversity and function scenarios, critical soil biodiversity facets, underrepresented drivers, global collaboration, knowledge application and transdisciplinarity, as well as policy and public communication. These identified research priorities are not only of immediate interest to the scientific community but may also be considered in research priority programmes and calls for funding.Diminishing prospects for environmental preservation under climate change are intensifying efforts to boost capture, storage and sequestration (long-term burial) of carbon. However, as Earth\uffe2\uff80\uff99s biological carbon sinks also shrink, remediation has become a key part of the narrative for terrestrial ecosystems. In contrast, blue carbon on polar continental shelves have stronger pathways to sequestration and have increased with climate-forced marine ice losses\uffe2\uff80\uff94becoming the largest known natural negative feedback on climate change. Here we explore the size and complex dynamics of blue carbon gains with spatiotemporal changes in sea ice (60\uffe2\uff80\uff93100 MtCyear\uffe2\uff88\uff921), ice shelves (4\uffe2\uff80\uff9340 MtCyear\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffe2\uff80\uff89=\uffe2\uff80\uff89giant iceberg generation) and glacier retreat (<\uffe2\uff80\uff891 MtCyear\uffe2\uff88\uff921). Estimates suggest that, amongst these, reduced duration of seasonal sea ice is most important. Decreasing sea ice extent drives longer (not necessarily larger biomass) smaller cell-sized phytoplankton blooms, increasing growth of many primary consumers and benthic carbon storage\uffe2\uff80\uff94where sequestration chances are maximal. However, sea ice losses also create positive feedbacks in shallow waters through increased iceberg movement and scouring of benthos. Unlike loss of sea ice, which enhances existing sinks, ice shelf losses generate brand new carbon sinks both where giant icebergs were, and in their wake. These also generate small positive feedbacks from scouring, minimised by repeat scouring at biodiversity hotspots. Blue carbon change from glacier retreat has been least well quantified, and although emerging fjords are small areas, they have high storage-sequestration conversion efficiencies, whilst blue carbon in polar waters faces many diverse and complex stressors. The identity of these are known (e.g. fishing, warming, ocean acidification, non-indigenous species and plastic pollution) but not their magnitude of impact. In order to mediate multiple stressors, research should focus on wider verification of blue carbon gains, projecting future change, and the broader environmental and economic benefits to safeguard blue carbon ecosystems through law.
", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "0303 health sciences", "Blue carbon", "Ecologie", "Climate Change", "Sea ice", "Nature-based solutions", "Antarctic Regions", "Review", "Evolution des esp\u00e8ces", "Hydrogen-Ion Concentration", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy", "Carbon", "Feedback", "03 medical and health sciences", "13. Climate action", "Blue carbon \u00b7 Ecosystem services \u00b7 Sea ice \u00b7 Nature-based solutions \u00b7 Southern Ocean", "Ecosystem services", "Ice Cover", "Seawater", "14. Life underwater", "Southern Ocean", "Ecosystem"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00114-021-01748-8.pdf"}, {"href": "https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/332392/3/Barnes2021_Article_SocietalImportanceOfAntarcticN.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00114-021-01748-8"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/The%20Science%20of%20Nature", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00114-021-01748-8", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00114-021-01748-8", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00114-021-01748-8"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-09-07T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/pl00008869", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:14:39Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-04-10", "title": "Combined Effects Of Atmospheric Co2 And N Availability On The Belowground Carbon And Nitrogen Dynamics Of Aspen Mesocosms", "description": "It is uncertain whether elevated atmospheric CO2 will increase C storage in terrestrial ecosystems without concomitant increases in plant access to N. Elevated CO2 may alter microbial activities that regulate soil N availability by changing the amount or composition of organic substrates produced by roots. Our objective was to determine the potential for elevated CO2 to change N availability in an experimental plant-soil system by affecting the acquisition of root-derived C by soil microbes. We grew Populus tremuloides (trembling aspen) cuttings for 2 years under two levels of atmospheric CO2 (36.7 and 71.5 Pa) and at two levels of soil N (210 and 970 \u00b5g N g-1). Ambient and twice-ambient CO2 concentrations were applied using open-top chambers, and soil N availability was manipulated by mixing soils differing in organic N content. From June to October of the second growing season, we measured midday rates of soil respiration. In August, we pulse-labeled plants with 14CO2 and measured soil 14CO2 respiration and the 14C contents of plants, soils, and microorganisms after a 6-day chase period. In conjunction with the August radio-labeling and again in October, we used 15N pool dilution techniques to measure in situ rates of gross N mineralization, N immobilization by microbes, and plant N uptake. At both levels of soil N availability, elevated CO2 significantly increased whole-plant and root biomass, and marginally increased whole-plant N capital. Significant increases in soil respiration were closely linked to increases in root biomass under elevated CO2. CO2 enrichment had no significant effect on the allometric distribution of biomass or 14C among plant components, total 14C allocation belowground, or cumulative (6-day) 14CO2 soil respiration. Elevated CO2 significantly increased microbial 14C contents, indicating greater availability of microbial substrates derived from roots. The near doubling of microbial 14C contents at elevated CO2 was a relatively small quantitative change in the belowground C cycle of our experimental system, but represents an ecologically significant effect on the dynamics of microbial growth. Rates of plant N uptake during both 6-day periods in August and October were significantly greater at elevated CO2, and were closely related to fine-root biomass. Gross N mineralization was not affected by elevated CO2. Despite significantly greater rates of N immobilization under elevated CO2, standing pools of microbial N were not affected by elevated CO2, suggesting that N was cycling through microbes more rapidly. Our results contained elements of both positive and negative feedback hypotheses, and may be most relevant to young, aggrading ecosystems, where soil resources are not yet fully exploited by plant roots. If the turnover of microbial N increases, higher rates of N immobilization may not decrease N availability to plants under elevated CO2.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "root-: biomass-", "Ecology and Evolutionary Biology", "nitrogen-fixation", "Environmental-Sciences)", "01 natural sciences", "nitrogen", "biomass-", "nitrogen-cycle", "nitrogen-", "Microorganisms-", "carbon-14", "124-38-9: CARBON DIOXIDE", "C Cycle", "Spermatophytes-", "Spermatophyta-", "Key Words Atmospheric CO2", "Cellular and Developmental Biology", "Populus Tremuloides Michx", "2. Zero hunger", "carbon-dioxide: atmospheric-", "plant-nutrition", "Climatology- (Environmental-Sciences)", "Angiosperms-", "Angiospermae-", "Plants-", "Natural Resources and Environment", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "global-climate-change", "microbe- (Microorganisms-)", "7727-37-9: NITROGEN", "chemical-composition", "carbon-sequestration", "mineral-uptake", "soil-biology", "Science", "Vascular-Plants", "poplars-", "respiration-", "carbon-dioxide-enrichment", "carbon-dioxide", "Populus-tremuloides [trembling-aspen] (Salicaceae-)", "carbon-cycle", "Health Sciences", "Salicaceae-: Dicotyledones-", "soil-respiration", "content", "Plantae-", "14762-75-5: CARBON-14", "mineralization-", "Molecular", "forest-soils", "15. Life on land", "Rhizodeposition", "soil-flora", "N Cycle", "13. Climate action", "cuttings-", "roots-", "Legacy", "Terrestrial-Ecology (Ecology-", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Dicots-", "ecosystems-"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Mikan, Carl J., Zak, Donald R., Kubiske, Mark E., Pregitzer, Kurt S.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/pl00008869"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Oecologia", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/pl00008869", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/pl00008869", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/pl00008869"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2000-08-23T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00114-012-0922-4", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:14:39Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-05-12", "title": "Communities Of Different Plant Diversity Respond Similarly To Drought Stress: Experimental Evidence From Field Non-Weeded And Greenhouse Conditions", "description": "Accelerating rate of species loss has prompted researchers to study the role of species diversity in processes that control ecosystem functioning. Although negative impact of species loss has been documented, the evidence concerning its impact on ecosystem stability is still limited. Here, we studied the effects of declining species and functional diversity on plant community responses to drought in the field (open to weed colonization) and greenhouse conditions. Both species and functional diversity positively affected the average yields of field communities. However, this pattern was similar in both drought-stressed and control plots. No effect of diversity on community resistance, biomass recovery after drought and resilience was found because drought reduced biomass production similarly at each level of diversity by approximately 30%. The use of dissimilarity (characterized by Euclidean distance) revealed higher variation under changing environments (drought-stressed vs. control) in more diverse communities compared to less species-rich assemblages. In the greenhouse experiment, the effect of species diversity affected community resistance, indicating that more diverse communities suffered more from drought than species-poor ones. We conclude that our study did not support the insurance hypothesis (stability properties of a community should increase with species richness) because species diversity had an equivocal effect on ecosystem resistance and resilience in an environment held under non-weeded practice, regardless of the positive relationship between sown species diversity and community biomass production. More species-rich communities were less resistant against drought-stressed conditions than species-poor ones grown in greenhouse conditions.", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Biodiversity", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Droughts", "03 medical and health sciences", "Stress", " Physiological", "13. Climate action", "ta1181", "Biomass", "14. Life underwater", "Ecosystem", "Plant Physiological Phenomena"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Lenka Zemkov\u00e1, Jan Lep\u0161, Jan Lep\u0161, Ji\u0159\u00ed Dole\u017eal, Ji\u0159\u00ed Dole\u017eal, Vojt\u011bch Lanta,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00114-012-0922-4"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Naturwissenschaften", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00114-012-0922-4", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00114-012-0922-4", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00114-012-0922-4"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-05-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00248-003-0229-2", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:14:39Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-06-17", "title": "Methanogen Communities In A Drained Bog: Effect Of Ash Fertilization", "description": "Forestry practises such has drainage have been shown to decrease emissions of the greenhouse gas methane (CH(4)) from peatlands. The aim of the study was to examine the methanogen populations in a drained bog in northern Finland, and to assess the possible effect of ash fertilization on potential methane production and methanogen communities. Peat samples were collected from control and ash fertilized (15,000 kg/ha) plots 5 years after ash application, and potential CH(4) production was measured. The methanogen community structure was studied by DNA isolation, PCR amplification of the methyl coenzyme-M reductase (mcr) gene, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. The drained peatland showed low potential methane production and methanogen diversity in both control and ash-fertilized plots. Samples from both upper and deeper layers of peat were dominated by three groups of sequences related to Rice cluster-I hydrogenotroph methanogens. Even though pH was marginally greater in the ash-treated site, the occurrence of those sequences was not affected by ash fertilization. Interestingly, a less common group of sequences, related to the Fen cluster, were found only in the fertilized plots. The study confirmed the depth related change of methanogen populations in peatland.", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "0303 health sciences", "Bacteria", "tuhkalannoitus", "metanogeeniset mikrobit", "Biodiversity", "15. Life on land", "03 medical and health sciences", "Genes", " Bacterial", "ojitetut suot", "Fertilizers", "Methane", "Ecosystem", "Phylogeny", "Polymorphism", " Restriction Fragment Length"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-003-0229-2"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Microbial%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00248-003-0229-2", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00248-003-0229-2", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00248-003-0229-2"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00248-008-9467-7", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:14:40Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-11-21", "title": "Molecular And Functional Assessment Of Bacterial Community Convergence In Metal-Amended Soils", "description": "Species diversity and the structure of microbial communities in soils are thought to be a function of the cumulative selective pressures within the local environment. Shifts in microbial community structure, as a result of metal stress, may have lasting negative effects on soil ecosystem dynamics if critical microbial community functions are compromised. Three soils in the vicinity of a copper smelter, previously contaminated with background, low and high levels of aerially deposited metals, were amended with metal-salts to determine the potential for metal contamination to shape the structural and functional diversity of microbial communities in soils. We hypothesized that the microbial communities native to the three soils would initially be unique to each site, but would converge on a microbial community with similar structure and function, as a result of metal stress. Initially, the three different sites supported microbial communities with unique structural and functional diversity, and the nonimpacted site supported inherently higher levels of microbial activity and biomass, relative to the metal-contaminated sites. Amendment of the soils with metal-salts resulted in a decrease in microbial activity and biomass, as well as shifts in microbial community structure and function at each site. Soil microbial communities from each site were also observed to be sensitive to changes in soil pH as a result of metal-salt amendment; however, the magnitude of these pH-associated effects varied between soils. Microbial communities from each site did not converge on a structurally or functionally similar community following metal-salt amendment, indicating that other factors may be equally important in shaping microbial communities in soils. Among these factors, soil physiochemical parameters like organic matter and soil pH, which can both influence the bioavailability and toxicity of metals in soils, may be critical.", "keywords": ["DNA", " Bacterial", "0301 basic medicine", "0303 health sciences", "Bacteria", "Biodiversity", "Hydrogen-Ion Concentration", "15. Life on land", "Soil", "03 medical and health sciences", "13. Climate action", "Metals", " Heavy", "Soil Pollutants", "Biomass", "Ecosystem", "Soil Microbiology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-008-9467-7"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Microbial%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00248-008-9467-7", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00248-008-9467-7", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00248-008-9467-7"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-11-22T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00248-013-0225-0", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:14:40Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-04-15", "title": "Agricultural Management And Labile Carbon Additions Affect Soil Microbial Community Structure And Interact With Carbon And Nitrogen Cycling", "description": "We investigated how conversion from conventional agriculture to organic management affected the structure and biogeochemical function of soil microbial communities. We hypothesized the following. (1) Changing agricultural management practices will alter soil microbial community structure driven by increasing microbial diversity in organic management. (2) Organically managed soil microbial communities will mineralize more N and will also mineralize more N in response to substrate addition than conventionally managed soil communities. (3) Microbial communities under organic management will be more efficient and respire less added C. Soils from organically and conventionally managed agroecosystems were incubated with and without glucose ((13)C) additions at constant soil moisture. We extracted soil genomic DNA before and after incubation for TRFLP community fingerprinting of soil bacteria and fungi. We measured soil C and N pools before and after incubation, and we tracked total C respired and N mineralized at several points during the incubation. Twenty years of organic management altered soil bacterial and fungal community structure compared to continuous conventional management with the bacterial differences caused primarily by a large increase in diversity. Organically managed soils mineralized twice as much NO3 (-) as conventionally managed ones (44 vs. 23 \u03bcg N/g soil, respectively) and increased mineralization when labile C was added. There was no difference in respiration, but organically managed soils had larger pools of C suggesting greater efficiency in terms of respiration per unit soil C. These results indicate that the organic management induced a change in community composition resulting in a more diverse community with enhanced activity towards labile substrates and greater capacity to mineralize N.", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "0303 health sciences", "Environmental Microbiology and Microbial Ecology", "Bacteria", "Nitrogen", "Fungal Community Structure", "Agriculture", "Nitrogen Cycle", "15. Life on land", "Microbiology", "630", "Carbon", "Carbon Cycle", "Soil", "03 medical and health sciences", "rRNA Gene Copy", "Soil Microbial Community Structure", "fungal community", "Biology", "Ecosystem", "Soil Microbiology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-013-0225-0"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Microbial%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00248-013-0225-0", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00248-013-0225-0", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00248-013-0225-0"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-04-16T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00248-013-0235-y", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:14:40Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-05-01", "title": "Changes In Diversity, Abundance, And Structure Of Soil Bacterial Communities In Brazilian Savanna Under Different Land Use Systems", "description": "The Brazilian Savanna, also known as 'Cerrado', is the richest and most diverse savanna in the world and has been ranked as one of the main hotspots of biodiversity. The Cerrado is a representative biome in Central Brazil and the second largest biome in species diversity of South America. Nevertheless, large areas of native vegetation have been converted to agricultural land including grain production, livestock, and forestry. In this view, understanding how land use affects microbial communities is fundamental for the sustainable management of agricultural ecosystems. The aim of this work was to analyze and compare the soil bacterial communities from the Brazilian Cerrado associated with different land use systems using high throughput pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA genes. Relevant differences were observed in the abundance and structure of bacterial communities in soils under different land use systems. On the other hand, the diversity of bacterial communities was not relevantly changed among the sites studied. Land use systems had also an important impact on specific bacterial groups in soil, which might change the soil function and the ecological processes. Acidobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria were the most abundant groups in the Brazilian Cerrado. These findings suggest that more important than analyzing the general diversity is to analyze the composition of the communities. Since soil type was the same among the sites, we might assume that land use was the main factor defining the abundance and structure of bacterial communities.", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "0303 health sciences", "03 medical and health sciences", "Bacteria", "Molecular Sequence Data", "Agriculture", "Biodiversity", "15. Life on land", "Brazil", "Ecosystem", "Phylogeny", "Soil Microbiology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-013-0235-y"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Microbial%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00248-013-0235-y", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00248-013-0235-y", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00248-013-0235-y"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-04-27T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00248-016-0730-z", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:14:40Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-02-02", "title": "Responses Of Soil Bacterial Communities To Nitrogen Deposition And Precipitation Increment Are Closely Linked With Aboveground Community Variation", "description": "It has been predicted that precipitation and atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition will increase in northern China; yet, ecosystem responses to the interactive effects of water and N remain largely unknown. In particular, responses of belowground microbial community to projected global change and their potential linkages to aboveground macro-organisms are rarely studied. In this study, we examined the responses of soil bacterial diversity and community composition to increased precipitation and multi-level N deposition in a temperate steppe in Inner Mongolia, China, and explored the diversity linkages between aboveground and belowground communities. It was observed that N addition caused the significant decrease in bacterial alpha-diversity and dramatic changes in community composition. In addition, we documented strong correlations of alpha- and beta-diversity between plant and bacterial communities in response to N addition. It was found that N enriched the so-called copiotrophic bacteria, but reduced the oligotrophic groups, primarily by increasing the soil inorganic N content and carbon availability and decreasing soil pH. We still highlighted that increased precipitation tended to alleviate the effects of N on bacterial diversity and dampen the plant-microbe connections induced by N. The counteractive effects of N addition and increased precipitation imply that even though the ecosystem diversity and function are predicted to be negatively affected by N deposition in the coming decades; the combination with increased precipitation may partially offset this detrimental effect.", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "China", "0303 health sciences", "Bacteria", "Nitrogen", "Climate", "Microbial Consortia", "Water", "Biodiversity", "Plants", "15. Life on land", "Carbon", "6. Clean water", "Soil", "03 medical and health sciences", "13. Climate action", "Chemical Precipitation", "Ecosystem", "Phylogeny", "Soil Microbiology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-016-0730-z"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Microbial%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00248-016-0730-z", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00248-016-0730-z", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00248-016-0730-z"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-02-02T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00253-020-10982-5", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:14:40Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-11-11", "title": "Living with sulfonamides: a diverse range of mechanisms observed in bacteria", "description": "Sulfonamides are the oldest class of synthetic antibiotics still in use in clinical and veterinary settings. The intensive utilization of sulfonamides has been leading to the widespread contamination of the environment with these xenobiotic compounds. Consequently, in addition to pathogens and commensals, also bacteria inhabiting a wide diversity of environmental compartments have been in contact with sulfonamides for almost 90\u00a0years. This review aims at giving an overview of the effect of sulfonamides on bacterial cells, including the strategies used by bacteria to cope with these bacteriostatic agents. These include mechanisms of antibiotic resistance, co-metabolic transformation, and partial or total mineralization of sulfonamides. Possible implications of these mechanisms on the ecosystems and dissemination of antibiotic resistance are also discussed. KEY POINTS: \u2022 Sulfonamides are widespread xenobiotic pollutants; \u2022 Target alteration is the main sulfonamide resistance mechanism observed in bacteria; \u2022 Sulfonamides can be modified, degraded, or used as nutrients by some bacteria.", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "Sulfonamides", "0303 health sciences", "Bacteria", "Antibiotic resistance", "Drug Resistance", " Microbial", "Anti-Bacterial Agents", "3. Good health", "03 medical and health sciences", "Biodegradation", " Environmental", "Biodegradation", "Xenobiotic", "Biotransformation", "Ecosystem"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00253-020-10982-5.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-020-10982-5"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Microbiology%20and%20Biotechnology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00253-020-10982-5", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00253-020-10982-5", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00253-020-10982-5"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-11-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00253-019-09689-z", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:14:40Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-02-20", "title": "Distribution of Oenococcus oeni populations in natural habitats", "description": "Oenococcus oeni is the lactic acid bacteria species most commonly encountered in wine, where it develops after the alcoholic fermentation and achieves the malolactic fermentation that is needed to improve the quality of most wines. O. oeni is abundant in the oenological environment as well as in apple cider and kombucha, whereas it is a minor species in the natural environment. Numerous studies have shown that there is a great diversity of strains in each wine region and in each product or type of wine. Recently, genomic studies have shed new light on the species diversity, population structure, and environmental distribution. They revealed that O. oeni has unique genomic features that have contributed to its fast evolution and adaptation to the enological environment. They have also unveiled the phylogenetic diversity and genomic properties of strains that develop in different regions or different products. This review explores the distribution of O. oeni and the diversity of strains in natural habitats.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "0301 basic medicine", "570", "Evolution", "[SPI.GPROC] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering", "590", "Wine", "01 natural sciences", "Domestication", "Evolution", " Molecular", "03 medical and health sciences", "[SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering", "MD Multidisciplinary", "[SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering", "Ecosystem", "Oenococcus", "Phylogeny", "0303 health sciences", "Malolactic fermentation", "Genetic Variation", "Genomics", "[SDV.IDA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering", "Mini-Review", "Fermentation", "Oenococcus oeni", "Biotechnology"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00253-019-09689-z.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-019-09689-z"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Microbiology%20and%20Biotechnology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00253-019-09689-z", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00253-019-09689-z", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00253-019-09689-z"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-02-20T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00267-003-9106-5", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:14:40Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-03-22", "title": "Response Of Organic And Inorganic Carbon And Nitrogen To Long-Term Grazing Of The Shortgrass Steppe", "description": "We investigated the influence of long-term (56 years) grazing on organic and inorganic carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) contents of the plant-soil system (to 90 cm depth) in shortgrass steppe of northeastern Colorado. Grazing treatments included continuous season-long (May-October) grazing by yearling heifers at heavy (60-75% utilization) and light (20-35% utilization) stocking rates, and nongrazed exclosures. The heavy stocking rate resulted in a plant community that was dominated (75% of biomass production) by the C4 grass blue grama (Bouteloua gracilis), whereas excluding livestock grazing increased the production of C3 grasses and prickly pear cactus (Opuntia polycantha). Soil organic C (SOC) and organic N were not significantly different between the light grazing and nongrazed treatments, whereas the heavy grazing treatment was 7.5 Mg ha(-1) higher in SOC than the nongrazed treatment. Lower ratios of net mineralized N to total organic N in both grazed compared to nongrazed treatments suggest that long-term grazing decreased the readily mineralizable fraction of soil organic matter. Heavy grazing affected soil inorganic C (SIC) more than the SOC. The heavy grazing treatment was 23.8 Mg ha(-1) higher in total soil C (0-90 cm) than the nongrazed treatment, with 68% (16.3 Mg ha(-1)) attributable to higher SIC, and 32% (7.5 Mg ha(-1)) to higher SOC. These results emphasize the importance in semiarid and arid ecosystems of including inorganic C in assessments of the mass and distribution of plant-soil C and in evaluations of the impacts of grazing management on C sequestration.", "keywords": ["Cactaceae", "2. Zero hunger", "Colorado", "Nitrogen", "Feeding Behavior", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Poaceae", "01 natural sciences", "Carbon", "Soil", "Animals", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Cattle", "Biomass", "Desert Climate", "Organic Chemicals", "Plants", " Edible", "Ecosystem", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Jack A. Morgan, Daniel R. LeCain, Gerald E. Schuman, Jean D. Reeder,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-003-9106-5"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00267-003-9106-5", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00267-003-9106-5", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00267-003-9106-5"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-03-23T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.475", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:17:13Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-12-01", "title": "Local topographic and edaphic factors largely predict shrub encroachment in Mediterranean drylands", "description": "Shrub encroachment influences several ecosystem services in drylands worldwide. Yet, commonly used strategies to reduce encroachment show a low medium-term success, calling for a better understanding of its causes. Previous works identified multiple drivers responsible for this phenomenon, including anthropogenic and environmental causes. However, the relative effect of climate, topography and edaphic factors on shrub encroachment is not fully understood nor has been properly quantified in Mediterranean Basin drylands. Also, understanding how these drivers lead to changes in plant communities' functional traits associated to shrub encroachment is crucial, considering traits influence ecosystem processes and associated ecosystem services. Here, we studied the understory of a Mediterranean dryland ecosystem composed of savanna-like Holm-oak woodlands, along a regional climatic gradient. We specifically assessed (i) how climatic, topographic and edaphic factors influence understory relative shrub cover (RSC) and (ii) their direct and indirect effects (via RSC) on plant functional traits. We studied the mean and diversity of 12 functional traits related to plant regeneration, establishment, and dispersal, at the community-level. We found that, under similar low-intensity land use, topographic and edaphic factors, namely slope variations and soil C:N ratio, were the most important predictors of shrub encroachment, determining communities' functional characteristics. Climate, namely summer precipitation, had a much lesser influence. Our model explained 52% of the variation in relative shrub cover. Climate had a stronger effect on a set of functional traits weakly involved in shrub encroachment, related to flowering and dispersal strategies. We show that shrub encroachment is largely predicted by topo-edaphic factors in Mediterranean drylands subject to conventional low-intensity land use. Hence, management strategies to reduce encroachment need to take these drivers into account for efficient forecasting and higher cost-effectiveness. Our results suggest that climate change might not greatly impact shrub encroachment in the Mediterranean Basin, but may affect functional structure and reduce functional diversity of plant communities, thus affecting ecosystem functioning.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Geography", "Portugal", "Plant Dispersal", "Climate Change", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Soil", "climate change", "aridity", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "functional traits", "holm-oak", "Ecosystem"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.475"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.475", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.475", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.475"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s004420050619", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:14:50Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2002-08-25", "title": "Soil Carbon And Nitrogen In A Pine-Oak Sand Plain In Central Massachusetts: Role Of Vegetation And Land-Use History", "description": "Over the last 150 years much of the landscape of eastern North America has been transformed from predominantly agricultural lands to forest. Although cultivation strongly affects important ecosystem processes such as biomass accumulation, soil organic matter dynamics, and nitrogen cycling, recovery of these processes after abandonment is insufficiently understood. We examined soil carbon and nitrogen pools and nitrogen dynamics for 16 plots on a central Massachusetts sand plain, over 80% of which had been cultivated and subsequently abandoned at least 40 years ago. The two youngest old-field forests, located on sites abandoned 40-60 years prior to our sampling, had the lowest mineral soil carbon content (0-15\u2009cm), 31% less than the average of unplowed soils. Soil carbon concentration and loss-on-ignition were significantly higher in unplowed soils than in all plowed soils, but these differences were offset by the higher bulk density in formerly plowed soils, leading to no significant differences in C content between plowed and unplowed soil. Soil C:N ratios were lower in formerly plowed soils (26.2) than in unplowed soils (28.0). While soil N content was not affected by land-use history or vegetation type, net N mineralization showed much greater variation. In situ August net nitrogen mineralization varied nearly 40-fold between stand types: lowest in pitch pine and white pine stands (-0.13 and 0.10\u2009kg\u2009N\u2009ha-1\u200928\u2009day-1), intermediate in scrub oak stands (0.48\u2009kg\u2009N\u2009ha-1\u200928\u2009day-1) and highest in aspen and mixed oak stands (1.34-3.11\u2009kg\u2009N\u2009ha-1\u200928\u2009day-1). Mineralization was more strongly related to present vegetation than to land-use history or soil N content. Appreciable net nitrification was observed only in the most recently abandoned aspen plot (0.82\u2009kg\u2009N\u2009ha-1\u200928\u2009day-1), suggesting that recent disturbance and residual agricultural lime stimulated nitrification. Carbon:nitrogen ratios increased and pH declined with stand age. Higher bulk density, lower loss-on-ignition and C:N ratios, and slightly lower C concentrations in the surface mineral soil are the persistent legacies of agriculture on soil properties. Short-term agricultural use and the low initial C and N concentrations in these sandy soils appear to have resulted in less persistent impacts of agriculture on soil C and N content and N cycling.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "soil-properties", "Forests", "Environmental-Sciences)", "01 natural sciences", "nitrogen", "variation-", "Soil", "Quercus", "soil-nitrogen", "nitrogen-", "cultivation-", "cycling-", "soil-organic-matter", "vegetation-history", "sandy-soils", "soil-carbon", "2. Zero hunger", "7440-44-0: CARBON", "carbon-", "pines-", "Soil-studies", "land-use-history", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "pine-oak-sand-plain", "Chemistry", "North-America", "Nearctic-region)", "Massachusetts", "agricultural-practice", "biomass-production", "trees-", "7727-37-9: Nitrogen", "nitrification-", "United-States", "forests-", "Agricultural ecosystems", "land-use", "Massachusetts- (USA-", "forest-lands", "Nutrient dynamics", "vegetation-type", "USA", "Vegetation", "mineralization-", "15. Life on land", "Pinus", "soil-types", "Terrestrial-Ecology (Ecology-", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "agricultural-land", "ecosystems-"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Campton, Jana E., Boone, Richard D., Motzkin, Glenn, Foster, David R.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s004420050619"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Oecologia", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s004420050619", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s004420050619", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s004420050619"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1998-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00267-005-0294-z", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:14:41Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-07-13", "title": "Community Structure And Quality After 10 Years In Two Central Ohio Mitigation Bank Wetlands", "description": "We evaluate two 10-year-old mitigation bank wetlands in central Ohio, one created and one with restored and enhanced components, by analysis of vegetation characteristics and by comparison of the year-10 vegetation and macroinvertebrate communities with reference wetlands. To assess different measures of wetland development, we compare the prevalence of native hydrophytes with an index of floristic quality and we evaluate the predictability of these parameters in year 10, given 5 years of data. Results show that the mitigation wetlands in this study meet vegetation performance criteria of native hydrophyte establishment by year 5 and maintain these characteristics through year 10. Species richness and floristic quality, as well as vegetative similarity with reference wetlands, differ among mitigation wetlands in year 1 and also in their rate of change during the first 10 years. The prevalence of native hydrophytes is reasonably predictable by year 10, but 5 years of monitoring is not sufficient to predict future trends of floristic quality in either the created or restored wetland. By year 10, macroinvertebrate taxa richness does not statistically differ among these wetlands, but mitigation wetlands differ from reference sites by tolerance index and by trophic guild dominance. The created wetland herbivore biomass is significantly smaller than its reference, whereas detritivore biomass is significantly greater in the created wetland and smaller in the restored wetland as compared with respective reference wetlands. These analyses illustrate differences in measures of wetland performance and contrast the monitoring duration necessary for legal compliance with the duration required for development of more complex indicators of ecosystem integrity.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Conservation of Natural Resources", "Time Factors", "Wetlands", "Animals", "Plant Development", "15. Life on land", "Invertebrates", "01 natural sciences", "Ecosystem", "6. Clean water", "Environmental Monitoring", "Ohio"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Douglas J. Spieles, Jonathan Douglas Horn, Meagan Coneybeer,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-005-0294-z"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00267-005-0294-z", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00267-005-0294-z", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00267-005-0294-z"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-07-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00267-010-9538-7", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:14:41Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-08-01", "title": "Thinning Pine Plantations To Reestablish Oak Openings Species In Northwestern Ohio", "description": "Globally the area in forest plantations is rising by 2% annually, increasing the importance of plantations for production of human goods and services and for ecological functions such as carbon storage and biodiversity conservation. Specifically in the Great Lakes states and provinces of Midwestern North America, thousands of hectares of pine plantations were established in the early and mid-1900s to revegetate abandoned agricultural fields that had replaced mixed-species forests and oak-prairie ecosystems. Plantation establishment also was intended to bolster the timber base. Management priorities have shifted, with many resource managers currently seeking to manage existing plantations for promoting mixed-species ecosystems. The purpose of this study was to assess plant succession and the reestablishment of oak savanna and prairie species after thinning 14 plantations of Pinus resinosa and strobus in northwestern Ohio, USA. Thinning reduced tree basal area by an average of 75%. Plant communities were sampled on 0.05-ha plots one and 3 years after thinning and compared to 10 unthinned control plantations. By 3 years after thinning, thinned plots contained 2-3 times more species and 14 times more plant cover than control plots. The species composition of colonizing plants was most strongly correlated with residual pine basal area and soil variables related to drainage (e.g., sand concentration, available water capacity). Although plant composition was dominated by widespread colonizers such as Erechtites hieraciifolia, the coefficient of conservatism (indicative of species of more intact, undisturbed communities) significantly increased on thinned plots from year 1 to 3. This finding, coupled with the presence of four rare, state-listed Ohio species whose eight plot occurrences all were on thinned plots, suggests that plant composition is moving towards species typifying more high-quality savanna and prairie habitats.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Conservation of Natural Resources", "Quercus", "Soil", "Forestry", "15. Life on land", "Pinus", "01 natural sciences", "Ecosystem", "Environmental Monitoring", "Ohio"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Scott R. Abella", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-010-9538-7"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00267-010-9538-7", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00267-010-9538-7", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00267-010-9538-7"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00267-011-9715-3", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:14:41Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-07-13", "title": "Are There Benefits To Mowing Wyoming Big Sagebrush Plant Communities? An Evaluation In Southeastern Oregon", "description": "Wyoming big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata ssp. wyomingensis Beetle & Young) communities frequently are mowed in an attempt to increase perennial herbaceous vegetation. However, there is limited information as to whether expected benefits of mowing are realized when applied to Wyoming big sagebrush communities with intact understory vegetation. We compared vegetation and soil nutrient concentrations in mowed and undisturbed reference plots in Wyoming big sagebrush plant communities at eight sites for three years post-treatment. Mowing generally did not increase perennial herbaceous vegetation cover, density, or biomass production (P > 0.05). Annual forbs and exotic annual grasses were generally greater in the mowed compared to the reference treatment (P < 0.05). By the third year post-treatment annual forb and annual grass biomass production was more than nine and sevenfold higher in the mowed than reference treatment, respectively. Our results imply that the application of mowing treatments in Wyoming big sagebrush plant communities does not increase perennial herbaceous vegetation, but may increase the risk that exotic annual grasses will dominate the herbaceous vegetation. We suggest that mowing Wyoming big sagebrush communities with intact understories does not produce the expected benefits. However, the applicability of our results to Wyoming big sagebrush communities with greater sagebrush cover and/or degraded understories needs to be evaluated.", "keywords": ["Wyoming", "2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "Oregon", "Soil", "Artemisia", "Evaluation Studies as Topic", "Agriculture", "Biomass", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Ecosystem", "Environmental Monitoring"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Kirk W. Davies, Jon D. Bates, Aleta M. Nafus,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-011-9715-3"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00267-011-9715-3", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00267-011-9715-3", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00267-011-9715-3"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-07-14T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00267-012-9846-1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:14:41Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-04-03", "title": "Organic Matter Loading Affects Lodgepole Pine Seedling Growth", "description": "Organic matter plays important roles in returning nutrients to the soil, maintaining forest productivity and creating habitats in forest ecosystems. Forest biomass is in increasing demand for energy production, and organic matter has been considered as a potential supply. Thus, an important management question is how much organic matter should be retained after forest harvesting to maintain forest productivity. To address this question, an experimental trial was established in 1996 to evaluate the responses of lodgepole pine seedling growth to organic matter loading treatments. Four organic matter loading treatments were randomly assigned to each of four homogeneous pine sites: removal of all organic matter on the forest floor, organic matter loading quantity similar to whole-tree-harvesting residuals left on site, organic matter loading quantity similar to stem-only-harvesting residuals, and organic matter loading quantity more similar to what would be found in disease- or insect-killed stands. Our 10-year data showed that height and diameter had 29 and 35 % increase, respectively, comparing the treatment with the most organic matter loading to the treatment with the least organic matter loading. The positive response of seedling growth to organic matter loading may be associated with nutrients and/or microclimate change caused by organic matter, and requires further study. The dynamic response of seedling growth to organic matter loading treatments highlights the importance of long-term studies. Implications of those results on organic matter management are discussed in the context of forest productivity sustainability.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Time Factors", "British Columbia", "Forestry", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Pinus", "01 natural sciences", "Seedlings", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Biomass", "Ecosystem", "Humic Substances", "Environmental Monitoring"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-012-9846-1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00267-012-9846-1", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00267-012-9846-1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00267-012-9846-1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-04-04T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00267-013-0186-6", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:14:41Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-10-24", "title": "Effects Of Stocking Rate On The Variability Of Peak Standing Crop In A Desert Steppe Of Eurasia Grassland", "description": "Proper grazing management practices can generate corresponding compensatory effects on plant community production, which may reduce inter-annual variability of productivity in some grassland ecosystems. However, it remains unclear how grazing influences plant community attributes and the variability of standing crop. We examined the effects of sheep grazing at four stocking rate treatments [control, 0 sheep ha(-1) month(-1); light (LG), 0.15 sheep ha(-1 )month(-1); moderate (MG), 0.30 sheep ha(-1) month(-1); and heavy (HG), 0.45 sheep ha(-1) month(-1)] on standing crop at the community level and partitioned by species and functional groups, in the desert steppe of Inner Mongolia, China. The treatments were arranged in a completely randomized block design over a 9-year period. Standing crop was measured every August from 2004 to 2012. Peak standing crop decreased (P < 0.05) with increasing stocking rate; peak standing crop in the HG treatment decreased 40 % compared to the control. May-July precipitation explained at least 76 % of the variation in peak standing crop. MG and HG treatments resulted in a decrease (P < 0.05) in shrubs, semi-shrubs, and perennials forbs, and an increase (P < 0.05) in perennial bunchgrasses compared to the control. The coefficients of variation at plant functional group and species level in the LG and MG treatments were lower (P < 0.05) than in the control and HG treatments. Peak standing crop variability of the control and HG community were greatest, which suggested that LG and MG have greater ecosystem stability.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "0301 basic medicine", "Conservation of Natural Resources", "Sheep", "Rain", "Mongolia", "15. Life on land", "Poaceae", "01 natural sciences", "03 medical and health sciences", "Animals", "Herbivory", "Ecosystem"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Mengli Zhao, Xinjie Zhang, Guodong Han, Xiaoliang Wang, Walter D. Willms, Kris Havsatad, Zhongwu Wang, Yongzhi Liu, Haijun Ding, Shuying Jiao, Eldon L. Ayers, Lata A,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-013-0186-6"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00267-013-0186-6", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00267-013-0186-6", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00267-013-0186-6"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-10-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00267-012-9919-1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:14:41Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-07-24", "title": "Effects Of Grazing Exclusion On Soil Properties And On Ecosystem Carbon And Nitrogen Storage In A Sandy Rangeland Of Inner Mongolia, Northern China", "description": "The Horqin sandy rangeland of northern China is a seriously desertified region with a fragile ecology. The sandy alluvial and aeolian sediments have a coarse texture and loose structure and are therefore vulnerable to damage caused by grazing animals and wind erosion. We investigated whether grazing exclusion could enhance ecosystem carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) storage and thereby improve overall soil quality. We compared soil properties, C and N storage in biomass (aboveground and below-ground), and the total and light fraction soil organic matter between adjacent areas with continuous grazing and a 12-year grazing exclosure. The soil silt\u00a0+\u00a0clay content, organic C, total Kjeldahl N, available N and K, and cation-exchange capacity were significantly (P\u00a0<\u00a00.05) greater in the exclosure. We found that to a depth of 100\u00a0cm, the exclosure plots had greater light fraction C storage (by 267.2\u00a0g\u00a0m(-2)\u00a0=\u00a073.3\u00a0%), light fraction N storage (by 16.6\u00a0g\u00a0m(-2)\u00a0=\u00a0105.7\u00a0%), total soil C storage (by 1174.4\u00a0g\u00a0m(-2)\u00a0=\u00a043.9\u00a0%), and total N storage (by 91.1\u00a0g\u00a0m(-2)\u00a0=\u00a031.3\u00a0%). Biomass C and N storage were also 205.0 and 8.0\u00a0g\u00a0m(-2) greater (154.8 and 181.8\u00a0%, respectively). The increase was greatest in the light fraction organic matter and biomass and decreased with increasing depth in the soil. The results suggest that light fraction C and N respond more rapidly than total soil C and N to grazing exclusion and that vegetation recovers faster than soil. Our results confirmed that the degraded sandy rangeland is recovering and sequestering C after the removal of grazing pressure.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "China", "Conservation of Natural Resources", "Livestock", "Nitrogen", "Plant Development", "Feeding Behavior", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Plants", "15. Life on land", "Carbon", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "Animals", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Biomass", "Ecosystem"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-012-9919-1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00267-012-9919-1", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00267-012-9919-1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00267-012-9919-1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-07-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00267-015-0541-x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:14:41Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-05-26", "title": "Using Shrub Clearing, Draining, And Herbivory To Control Bramble Invasion In Mediterranean Dry Grasslands", "description": "For centuries, the dry grassland of the plain of La Crau (south-eastern France) has been subjected to numerous disturbances resulting in the destruction and the fragmentation of this emblematic rangeland ecosystem of the Mediterranean. Today, this ecosystem is facing a new threat from a proliferating native species, the bramble (Rubus ulmifolius Schott), which preferentially colonizes areas that were formerly cultivated and/or exposed to water infiltration. To identify a strategy for effective control of this colonization, in situ experiments testing disturbance regimes (shrub clearing and/or mixed grazing by sheep and goats) combined with the control of access to water resources (with or without drainage trenches) were undertaken between 2010 and 2013. Only clearing and grazing combined over 3 years led to significant changes in vegetation height and bramble cover as well as modifications in the floristic composition, diversity, similarity, and richness of the plant community. Neither a clearing operation carried out in 2010 alone, nor grazing alone, reduced bramble cover, and neither treatment increased the species richness of the plant community. Similarly, digging drainage trenches had no significant impact either on the plant community or on bramble cover. Our study suggests that only annual mechanical clearing coupled with sheep and goats grazing can significantly reduce bramble cover. This combined restoration treatment needs to be applied for at least 3 consecutive years to induce significant changes and enable this ecosystem to return to the dry grassland succession.", "keywords": ["Population Density", "2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "Sheep", "Mediterranean Region", "Drainage", " Sanitary", "Biodiversity", "15. Life on land", "Poaceae", "Grassland", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Animals", "France", "Herbivory", "Rubus", "Ecosystem", "Environmental Restoration and Remediation"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-015-0541-x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00267-015-0541-x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00267-015-0541-x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00267-015-0541-x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-05-27T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00267-021-01437-2", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:14:41Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-02-11", "title": "Evaluating Non-Market Values of Agroecological and Socio-Cultural Benefits of Diversified Cropping Systems", "description": "AbstractWe explored how consumers value the ecological and socio-cultural benefits of diversified food production systems in Finland. We used a stated preference method and contingent valuation to quantify consumers\uffe2\uff80\uff99 willingness to pay (WTP) for the benefits of increased farm and regional scale diversity of cultivation practices and crop rotations. Three valuation scenarios were presented to a representative sample of consumers: the first one focused on agroecosystem services on cropland, the second on wider socio-cultural effects and the third was a combination of them. The results suggest that consumers are willing to pay on the average \uffe2\uff82\uffac228 per household annually for the suggested diversification. This is equal to \uffe2\uff82\uffac245 per hectare of cultivated cropland. The results also indicate that 21% of consumers were not willing to pay anything to support more diverse cropping systems. The relatively high WTP for both agroecological and socio-cultural benefits provide important messages for actors in the food chain and for policy makers on future targeting of economic resources within agri-environmental schemes.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Family Characteristics", "330", "Sustainable agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "01 natural sciences", "Article", "Valuation", "sustainable agriculture", "Diverse farming system", "agroecosystem services", "Agro-ecosystem services", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "10. No inequality", "valuation", "Finland", "diverse farming system", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00267-021-01437-2.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-021-01437-2"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00267-021-01437-2", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00267-021-01437-2", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00267-021-01437-2"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-02-10T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00267-024-01939-9", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:14:41Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-02-01", "title": "Interplay between Livestock Grazing and Aridity on the Ecological and Nutritional Value of Forage in Semi-arid Mediterranean Rangelands (NE Spain)", "description": "AbstractRangeland-based livestock production constitutes a primary source of livelihood for many inhabitants of dryland regions. Their subsistence relies heavily on maintaining the productivity, biodiversity and services of these ecosystems. Harsh environmental conditions (e.g., drought) combined with land use intensification (e.g., overgrazing) make dryland ecosystems vulnerable and prone to degradation. However, the interplay between livestock grazing intensity and aridity conditions in driving the conservation and nutritional value of forage in arid and semi-arid rangelands is still not fully understood. In this study, we performed structural equation models (SEM) to assess the simultaneous direct and indirect effects of livestock grazing intensity and aridity level on community structure, diversity, biomass, forage production, forage C:N ratio and forage fiber composition in two semi-arid Mediterranean rangelands, NE Spain. Not surprisingly, we found that higher livestock grazing intensity led to lower community plant cover, especially when combined with higher aridity. However, both increasing grazing intensity and aridity were associated with higher forage production after one year of grazing exclusion. We did not find any adverse effect of livestock grazing on plant diversity, although plant species composition differed among grazing intensity levels. On the other hand, we found an aridity-driven trade-off in regard of the nutritional value of forage. Specifically, higher aridity was associated with a decrease in the least digestible fiber fraction (i.e., lignin) and an increase in forage C:N ratio. More interestingly, we found that livestock grazing modulated this trade-off by improving the overall forage nutritional value. Altogether, our results provide further insights into the management of semi-arid Mediterranean rangelands, pointing out that maintaining traditional rangeland-based livestock production may be a sustainable option as long as rangeland conservation (e.g., community plant cover) is not severely compromised.We collated and synthesized previous studies that reported the impacts of microplastics on soil parameters. The data were classified and integrated to screen for the proportion of significant effects, then we suggest several directions to alleviate the current data limitation in future experiments. We compiled 106 datasets capturing significant effects, which were analyzed in detail. We found that polyethylene and pellets (or powders) were the most frequently used microplastic composition and shape for soil experiments. The significant effects mainly occurred in broad size ranges (0.1\uffe2\uff80\uff931 mm) at test concentrations of 0.1%\uffe2\uff80\uff9310% based on soil dry weight. Polyvinyl chloride and film induced significant effects at lower concentrations compared to other compositions and shapes, respectively. We adopted a species sensitivity distribution (SSD) and soil property effect distribution (SPED) method using available data from soil biota, and for soil properties and enzymes deemed relevant for microplastic management. The predicted-no-effect-concentration (PNEC)-like values needed to protect 95% of soil biota and soil properties was estimated to be between 520 and 655 mg kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921. This study was the first to screen microplastic levels with a view toward protecting the soil system. Our results should be regularly updated (e.g., quarterly) with additional data as they become available.
", "keywords": ["Significant effect", "2. Zero hunger", "570", "Soil", "Species sensitivity distribution", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Soil ; Significant effect ; Soil properties ; Microplastics in agroecosystems ; Species sensitivity distribution ; Research Article", "Soil properties", "500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42832-021-0077-3.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s42832-021-0077-3"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Ecology%20Letters", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s42832-021-0077-3", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s42832-021-0077-3", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s42832-021-0077-3"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-03-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2005.02.023", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:17:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-03-24", "title": "Carbon Sequestration In Two Brazilian Cerrado Soils Under No-Till", "description": "Abstract A considerable proportion of the 200 million hectares of the Brazilian Cerrado is suitable for annual crops but little is known about the effects of tillage on the C dynamics of Cerrado soils. We evaluated the role of two representative Cerrado Oxisols (350 and 650\u00a0g clay\u00a0kg\u22121) as sources or sinks of atmospheric C when managed under three tillage systems (conventional tillage (CT), reduced tillage (RT), and no-till (NT)) in 8- and 5-year long-term experiments. A literature review was also carried out and the mean C sequestration rates in no-till soils of tropical and subtropical regions of Brazil were calculated and compared with values for soils from temperate regions of the world. The original C stocks in 0\u201320\u00a0cm layer of soils under native Cerrado were higher in the clayey (54.0\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha\u22121) than in the sandy clay loam soil (35.4\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha\u22121), suggesting a higher physical stability of organic matter associated with variable clay minerals in the clayey Oxisol. The original C stocks of the native Cerrado soils appear not to have decreased after 23 years of conventional tillage in the sandy clay loam Oxisol, except when the soil had been subjected to erosion (15% loss of C), or after 25 years in the clayey Oxisol. Compared to conventionally tilled soil, the C stocks in no-till sandy clay loam Oxisol increased by 2.4\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha\u22121 (C sequestration rate\u00a0=\u00a00.30\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0year\u22121) and in the clayey Oxisol by 3.0\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha\u22121 (C sequestration rate\u00a0=\u00a00.60\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0year\u22121). The mean rate of C sequestration in the no-till Brazilian tropical soils was estimated to be 0.35\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0year\u22121, similar to the 0.34\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0year\u22121 reported for soils from temperate regions but lower than the 0.48\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0year\u22121 estimated for southern Brazilian subtropical soils. Considering the large area (about 70 million hectares) of the Cerrado which is currently used and potentially available for cropland, the adoption of no-till systems could turn the Cerrado soils into a significant sink for atmospheric C and contribute to the mitigation of global climate change.", "keywords": ["Carbon sequestration", "2. Zero hunger", "Tropical zones", "Soil organic matter", "Conservation agriculture", "Sustainable agriculture", "No-till", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Ecosystem Field Scale", "Tropical soils", "13. Climate action", "C sequestration", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Conservation tillage", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2005.02.023"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2005.02.023", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2005.02.023", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2005.02.023"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00442-003-1198-3", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:14:48Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-12-22", "title": "Response Of Ndvi, Biomass, And Ecosystem Gas Exchange To Long-Term Warming And Fertilization In Wet Sedge Tundra", "description": "This study explores the relationship between the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), aboveground plant biomass, and ecosystem C fluxes including gross ecosystem production (GEP), ecosystem respiration (ER) and net ecosystem production. We measured NDVI across long-term experimental treatments in wet sedge tundra at the Toolik Lake LTER site, in northern Alaska. Over 13 years, N and P were applied in factorial experiments (N, P and N + P), air temperature was increased using greenhouses with and without N + P fertilizer, and light intensity (photosynthetically active photon flux density) was reduced by 50% using shade cloth. Within each treatment plot, NDVI, aboveground biomass and whole-system CO(2) flux measurements were made at the same sampling points during the peak-growing season of 2001. We found that across all treatments, NDVI is correlated with aboveground biomass ( r(2)=0.84), GEP ( r(2)=0.75) and ER ( r(2)=0.71), providing a basis for linking remotely sensed NDVI to aboveground biomass and ecosystem carbon flux.", "keywords": ["Nitrogen", "Phosphorus", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Biomass", "Gases", "Photosynthesis", "Spacecraft", "Ecosystem", "Plant Physiological Phenomena", "Environmental Monitoring", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-003-1198-3"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Oecologia", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00442-003-1198-3", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00442-003-1198-3", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00442-003-1198-3"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2003-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00442-002-1117-z", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:14:48Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-12-22", "title": "Nitrogen Limitation Of Growth And Nutrient Dynamics In A Disturbed Mangrove Forest, Indian River Lagoon, Florida", "description": "The objectives of this study were to determine effects of nutrient enrichment on plant growth, nutrient dynamics, and photosynthesis in a disturbed mangrove forest in an abandoned mosquito impoundment in Florida. Impounding altered the hydrology and soil chemistry of the site. In 1997, we established a factorial experiment along a tree-height gradient with three zones, i.e., fringe, transition, dwarf, and three fertilizer treatment levels, i.e., nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), control, in Mosquito Impoundment 23 on the eastern side of Indian River. Transects traversed the forest perpendicular to the shoreline, from a Rhizophora mangle-dominated fringe through an Avicennia germinans stand of intermediate height, and into a scrub or dwarf stand of A. germinans in the hinterland. Growth rates increased significantly in response to N fertilization. Our growth data indicated that this site is N-limited along the tree-height gradient. After 2 years of N addition, dwarf trees resembled vigorously growing saplings. Addition of N also affected internal dynamics of N and P and caused increases in rates of photosynthesis. These findings contrast with results for a R. mangle-dominated forest in Belize where the fringe is N-limited, but the dwarf zone is P-limited and the transition zone is co-limited by N and P. This study demonstrated that patterns of nutrient limitation in mangrove ecosystems are complex, that not all processes respond similarly to the same nutrient, and that similar habitats are not limited by the same nutrient when different mangrove forests are compared.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Leaves", "Nitrogen", "Fresh-water", "Electron-transport", "01 natural sciences", "Rhizophora-mangle", "Trees", "Sediments", "Random Allocation", "Soil", "Plant-growth", "0502 Environmental Science and Management", "phosphorus", "Photosynthesis", "Vs. Phosphorus Limitation", "Patterns", "Ecosystem", "disturbance", "580", "photosynthesis", "Ecology", "experiment", "Phosphorus", "15. Life on land", "Belize", "Use Efficiency", "Plant Leaves", "fertilization", "Florida", "resorption", "Gradient", "Avicennia"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-002-1117-z"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Oecologia", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00442-002-1117-z", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00442-002-1117-z", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00442-002-1117-z"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2003-01-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00442-002-1130-2", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:14:48Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-12-22", "title": "Responses Of Soil Nitrogen Dynamics In A Mojave Desert Ecosystem To Manipulations In Soil Carbon And Nitrogen Availability", "description": "We investigated the effects of changes in soil C and N availability on N mineralization, nitrification, denitrification, NH(3) volatilization, and soil respiration in the Mojave Desert. Results indicate a C limitation to microbial N cycling. Soils from underneath the canopies of Larrea tridentata (DC.) Cov., Pleuraphis rigida Thurber, and Lycium spp. exhibited higher rates of CO(2 ) flux, lower rates of NH(3) volatilization, and a decrease in inorganic N (NH(4)(+)-N and NO(3)(-)-N) with C addition. In addition to C limitation, soils from plant interspaces also exhibited a N limitation. Soils from all locations had net immobilization of N over the course of a 15-day laboratory incubation. However, soils from interspaces had lower rates of net nitrification and potential denitrification compared to soils from under plant canopies. The response to changes in C availability appears to be a short-term increase in microbial immobilization of inorganic N. Under controlled conditions, and over a longer time period, the effects of C and N availability appear to give way to larger differences due to spatial location. These findings have implications for ecosystems undergoing changes in soil C and N availability due to such processes as desertification, exotic species invasions, or elevated atmospheric CO(2) concentration.", "keywords": ["Nitrogen", "Biological Availability", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "California", "Carbon", "Soil", "Ammonia", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Desert Climate", "Volatilization", "Ecosystem", "Soil Microbiology", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-002-1130-2"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Oecologia", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00442-002-1130-2", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00442-002-1130-2", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00442-002-1130-2"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2003-01-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00442-003-1309-1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:14:48Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-11-21", "title": "Legume Presence Increases Photosynthesis And N Concentrations Of Co-Occurring Non-Fixers But Does Not Modulate Their Responsiveness To Carbon Dioxide Enrichment", "description": "Legumes, with the ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen (N), may help alleviate the N limitations thought to constrain plant community response to elevated concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO(2)). To address this issue we assessed: (1) the effects of the presence of the perennial grassland N(2 )fixer, Lupinus perennis, on biomass accumulation and plant N concentrations of nine-species plots of differing plant composition; (2) leaf-level physiology of co-occurring non-fixing species (Achillea millefolium, Agropyron repens, Koeleria cristata) in these assemblages with and without Lupinus; (3) the effects of elevated CO(2) on Lupinus growth and symbiotic N(2) fixation in both monoculture and the nine-species assemblages; and (4) whether assemblages containing Lupinus exhibit larger physiological and growth responses to elevated CO(2 )than those without. This study was part of a long-term grassland field experiment (BioCON) that controls atmospheric CO(2) at current ambient and elevated (560 micromol mol(-1)) concentrations using free-air CO(2) enrichment. Nine-species plots with Lupinus had 32% higher whole plot plant N concentrations and 26% higher total plant N pools than those without Lupinus, based on both above and below ground measurements. Co-occurring non-fixer leaf N concentrations increased 22% and mass-based net photosynthetic rates increased 41% in plots containing Lupinus compared to those without. With CO(2) enrichment, Lupinus monocultures accumulated 32% more biomass and increased the proportion of N derived from fixation from 44% to 57%. In nine-species assemblages, Lupinus N derived from fixation increased similarly from 43% to 54%. Although Lupinus presence enhanced photosynthetic rates and leaf N concentrations of co-occurring non-fixers, and increased overall plant N pools, Lupinus presence did not facilitate stronger photosynthetic responses of non-fixing species or larger growth responses of overall plant communities to elevated CO(2). Non-fixer leaf N concentrations declined similarly in response to elevated CO(2) with and without Lupinus present and the relationship between net photosynthesis and leaf N was not affected by Lupinus presence. Regardless of the presence or absence of Lupinus, CO(2) enrichment resulted in reduced leaf N concentrations and rates of net photosynthesis.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Nitrogen", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Lupinus", "Plant Leaves", "13. Climate action", "Humans", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Photosynthesis", "Ecosystem"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-003-1309-1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Oecologia", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00442-003-1309-1", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00442-003-1309-1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00442-003-1309-1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2003-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00442-004-1494-6", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:14:48Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-03-09", "title": "Competitive Effect Versus Competitive Response Of Invasive And Native Wetland Plant Species", "description": "Non-native plants can have adverse effects on ecosystem structure and processes by invading and out-competing native plants. I examined the hypothesis that mature plants of non-native and native species exert differential effects on the growth of conspecific and heterospecific seedlings by testing predictions that (1) invasive vegetation has a stronger suppressive effect on seedlings than does native vegetation, (2) seedlings of invasive species are better able to grow in established vegetation than are native seedlings, and (3) invasive species facilitate conspecific and inhibit heterospecific seedling growth. I measured growth rates and interaction intensities for seedlings of four species that were transplanted into five wetland monoculture types: invasive Lythrum salicaria; native L. alatum, Typha angustifolia, T. latifolia; unvegetated control. Invasive L. salicaria had the strongest suppressive effect on actual and per-individual bases, but not on a per-gram basis. Seedlings of T. latifolia were better able to grow in established vegetation than were those of L. salicaria and T. angustifolia. These results suggest that L. salicaria is not a good invader of established vegetation, but once established, it is fairly resistant to invasion. Thus, it is likely that disturbance of established vegetation facilitates invasion by L. salicaria, allowing it to compete with other species in even-aged stands where its high growth rate and consequent production of aboveground biomass confer a competitive advantage.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Conservation of Natural Resources", "Seedlings", "Water Supply", "Population Dynamics", "Plant Development", "Biomass", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Ecosystem", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-004-1494-6"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Oecologia", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00442-004-1494-6", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00442-004-1494-6", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00442-004-1494-6"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00442-004-1540-4", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:14:48Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-03-19", "title": "Feedback Interactions Between Needle Litter Decomposition And Rhizosphere Activity", "description": "The aim of our study was to identify interactions between the decomposition of aboveground litter and rhizosphere activity. The experimental approach combined the placement of labelled litter (delta13C=-37.9 per thousand ) with forest girdling in a 35-year-old Norway spruce stand, resulting in four different treatment combinations: GL (girdled, litter), GNL (girdled, no litter), NGL (not girdled, litter), and NGNL (not girdled, no litter). Monthly sampling of soil CO2 efflux and delta13C of soil respired CO2 between May and October 2002 allowed the partitioning of the flux into that derived from the labelled litter, and that derived from native soil organic matter and roots. The effect of forest girdling on soil CO2 efflux was detectable from June (girdling took place in April), and resulted in GNL fluxes to be about 50% of NGNL fluxes by late August. The presence of litter resulted in significantly increased fluxes for the first 2 months of the experiment, with significantly greater litter derived fluxes from non-girdled plots and a significant interaction between girdling and litter treatments over the same period. For NGL collars, the additional efflux was found to originate only in part from litter decomposition, but also from the decay of native soil organic matter. In GL collars, this priming effect was not significant, indicating an active role of the rhizosphere in soil priming. The results therefore indicate mutual positive feedbacks between litter decomposition and rhizosphere activity. Soil biological analysis (microbial and fungal biomass) of the organic layers indicated greatest activity below NGL collars, and we suppose that this increase indicates the mechanism of mutual positive feedback between rhizosphere activity and litter decomposition. However, elimination of fresh C input from both above- and belowground (GNL) also resulted in greater fungal abundance than for the NGNL treatment, indicating likely changes in fungal community structure (i.e. a shift from symbiotic to saprotrophic species abundance).", "keywords": ["570", "Soil ecology", "Microbial biomass", "Models", " Biological", "630", "Soil", "Biomass", "Picea", "Forest girdling; Microbial biomass; Soil CO; 2; efflux; Soil organic matter; Stable C isotopes;", "Ecosystem", "Soil Microbiology", "Soil CO2 efflux", "Feedback", " Physiological", "Soil organic matter", "Carbon Isotopes", "Fungi", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "Microbial growth", "Stable C isotopes", "Plant Leaves", "13. Climate action", "Soils", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Forest girdling", "Seasons"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-004-1540-4"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Oecologia", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00442-004-1540-4", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00442-004-1540-4", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00442-004-1540-4"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00442-004-1679-z", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:14:48Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-08-02", "title": "Rapid Nutrient Cycling In Leaf Litter From Invasive Plants In Hawai'I", "description": "Physiological traits that contribute to the establishment and spread of invasive plant species could also have impacts on ecosystem processes. The traits prevalent in many invasive plants, such as high specific leaf areas, rapid growth rates, and elevated leaf nutrient concentrations, improve litter quality and should increase rates of decomposition and nutrient cycling. To test for these ecosystem impacts, we measured initial leaf litter properties, decomposition rates, and nutrient dynamics in 11 understory plants from the Hawaiian islands in control and nitrogen + phosphorus fertilized plots. These included five common native species, four of which were ferns, and six aggressive invasive species, including five angiosperms and one fern. We found a 50-fold variation in leaf litter decay rates, with natives decaying at rates of 0.2-2.3 year(-1) and invaders at 1.4-9.3 year(-1). This difference was driven by very low decomposition rates in native fern litter. Fertilization significantly increased the decay rates of leaf litter from two native and two invasive species. Most invasive litter types lost nitrogen and phosphorus more rapidly and in larger quantities than comparable native litter types. All litter types except three native ferns lost nitrogen after 100 days of decomposition, and all litter types except the most recalcitrant native ferns lost >50% of initial phosphorus by the end of the experiment (204-735 days). If invasive understory plants displace native species, nutrient cycling rates could increase dramatically due to rapid decomposition and nutrient release from invasive litter. Such changes are likely to cause a positive feedback to invasion in Hawai'i because many invasive plants thrive on nutrient-rich soils.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Analysis of Variance", "Nitrogen", "Phosphorus", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Plants", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Hawaii", "Plant Leaves", "Soil", "Species Specificity", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Ecosystem"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-004-1679-z"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Oecologia", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00442-004-1679-z", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00442-004-1679-z", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00442-004-1679-z"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-08-03T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00442-007-0711-5", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:14:49Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-03-20", "title": "Increased Soil Stable Nitrogen Isotopic Ratio Following Phosphorus Enrichment: Historical Patterns And Tests Of Two Hypotheses In A Phosphorus-Limited Wetland", "description": "We used a P enrichment gradient in the Everglades to investigate patterns of the stable N isotopic ratio (delta(15)N) in peat profiles as an indicator of historic eutrophication of this wetland. We also tested two hypotheses to explain the effects of P on increased delta(15)N of organic matter including: (1) increased N mineralization/N loss, and (2) reduced isotopic discrimination during macrophyte N uptake. Spatial patterns of delta(15)N in surface litter and soil (0-10 cm) mimic those of the aboveground macrophytes (Typha domingensis Pers. and Cladium jamaicense Crantz). Peat profiles also show increased delta(15)N in the peat accumulated in areas near the historic P discharges since the early 1960s. The increased delta(15)N of bulk peat correlated well with both measured increases in soil total P and the historical beginning of nutrient discharges into this wetland. In 15-day bottle incubations of soil, added P had no effect on the delta(15)N of NH (4) (+) and significantly increased the delta(15)N of water-extractable organic N. Measurements of surface soils collected during a field mesocosm experiment also revealed no significant effect of P on delta(15)N even after 5 years of P addition. In contrast, delta(15)N of leaf and root tissues of hydroponically grown Typha and Cladium were shown to increase up to 12 per thousand when grown at elevated levels of P and fixed levels of N (as NH (4) (+) ). The magnitude of changes in delta(15)N resulting from altered discrimination during N uptake is significant compared with other mechanisms affecting plant delta(15)N, and suggests that this may be the dominant mechanism affecting delta(15)N of organic matter following P enrichment. The results of this study have implications for the interpretation of delta(15)N as an indicator of shifts in relative N limitation in wetland ecosystems, and also stress the importance of experimental validation in interpreting delta(15)N patterns.", "keywords": ["Time Factors", "Nitrogen Isotopes", "Nitrogen", "Water", "Phosphorus", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "Florida", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Fertilizers", "Ecosystem", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-007-0711-5"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Oecologia", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00442-007-0711-5", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00442-007-0711-5", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00442-007-0711-5"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-03-21T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00442-004-1687-z", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:14:48Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-08-18", "title": "Nutrient Uptake As A Contributing Explanation For Deep Rooting In Arid And Semi-Arid Ecosystems", "description": "Explanations for the occurrence of deep-rooted plants in arid and semi-arid ecosystems have traditionally emphasized the uptake of relatively deep soil water. However, recent hydrologic data from arid systems show that soil water potentials at depth fluctuate little over long time periods, suggesting this water may be rarely utilized or replenished. In this study, we examine the distributions of root biomass, soil moisture and nutrient contents to 10-m depths at five semi-arid and arid sites across southwestern USA. We couple these depth distributions with strontium (Sr) isotope data that show deep (>1 m) nutrient uptake is prevalent at four of the five sites. At all of the sites, the highest abundance of one or more of the measured nutrients occurred deep within the soil profile, particularly for P, Ca2+ and Mg2+. Phosphate contents were greater at depth than in the top meter of soil at three of five sites. At Jornada, for example, the 2-3 m depth increment had twice the extractable P as the top meter of soil, despite the highest concentrations of P occurring at the surface. The prevalence of such deep resource pools, and our evidence for cation uptake from them, suggest nutrient uptake as a complementary explanation for the occurrence of deep-rooted plants in arid and semi-arid systems. We propose that hydraulic redistribution of shallow surface water to deep soil layers by roots may be the mechanism through which deep soil nutrients are mobilized and taken up by plants.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "Fresh Water", "Humidity", "Phosphorus", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Plant Roots", "01 natural sciences", "Soil", "Strontium Isotopes", "13. Climate action", "Southwestern United States", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Calcium", "Magnesium", "Biomass", "Ecosystem", "Plant Physiological Phenomena"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-004-1687-z"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Oecologia", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00442-004-1687-z", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00442-004-1687-z", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00442-004-1687-z"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-08-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00442-005-0012-9", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:14:49Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-04-05", "title": "Inter-Annual Variability Of Ndvi In Response To Long-Term Warming And Fertilization In Wet Sedge And Tussock Tundra", "description": "This study explores the relationship between the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and aboveground plant biomass for tussock tundra vegetation and compares it to a previously established NDVI-biomass relationship for wet sedge tundra vegetation. In addition, we explore inter-annual variation in NDVI in both these contrasting vegetation communities. All measurements were taken across long-term experimental treatments in wet sedge and tussock tundra communities at the Toolik Lake Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) site, in northern Alaska. Over 15 years (for wet sedge tundra) and 14 years (for tussock tundra), N and P were applied in factorial experiments (N, P and N+P), air temperature was increased using greenhouses with and without N+P fertilizer, and light intensity was reduced by 50% using shade cloth. during the peak growing seasons of 2001, 2002, and 2003, NDVI measurements were made in both the wet sedge and tussock tundra experimental treatment plots, creating a 3-year time series of inter-annual variation in NDVI. We found that: (1) across all tussock experimental tundra treatments, NDVI is correlated with aboveground plant biomass (r2 = 0.59); (2) NDVI-biomass relationships for tussock and wet sedge tundra communities are community specific, and; (3) NDVI values for tussock tundra communities are typically, but not always, greater than for wet sedge tundra communities across all experimental treatments. We suggest that differences between the response of wet sedge and tussock tundra communities in the same experimental treatments result from the contrasting degree of heterogeneity in species and functional types that characterize each of these Arctic tundra vegetation communities.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Analysis of Variance", "Nitrogen", "Temperature", "Phosphorus", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Environment", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Biomass", "Longitudinal Studies", "Alaska", "Ecosystem", "Plant Physiological Phenomena"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-005-0012-9"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Oecologia", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00442-005-0012-9", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00442-005-0012-9", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00442-005-0012-9"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-03-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00442-005-0191-4", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:14:49Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-07-22", "title": "Fine Root Chemistry And Decomposition In Model Communities Of North-Temperate Tree Species Show Little Response To Elevated Atmospheric Co2 And Varying Soil Resource Availability", "description": "Rising atmospheric [CO2] has the potential to alter soil carbon (C) cycling by increasing the content of recalcitrant constituents in plant litter, thereby decreasing rates of decomposition. Because fine root turnover constitutes a large fraction of annual NPP, changes in fine root decomposition are especially important. These responses will likely be affected by soil resource availability and the life history characteristics of the dominant tree species. We evaluated the effects of elevated atmospheric [CO2] and soil resource availability on the production and chemistry, mycorrhizal colonization, and decomposition of fine roots in an early- and late-successional tree species that are economically and ecologically important in north temperate forests. Open-top chambers were used to expose young trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides) and sugar maple (Acer saccharum) trees to ambient (36 Pa) and elevated (56 Pa) atmospheric CO2. Soil resource availability was composed of two treatments that bracketed the range found in the Upper Lake States, USA. After 2.5 years of growth, sugar maple had greater fine root standing crop due to relatively greater allocation to fine roots (30% of total root biomass) relative to aspen (7% total root biomass). Relative to the low soil resources treatment, aspen fine root biomass increased 76% with increased soil resource availability, but only under elevated [CO2]. Sugar maple fine root biomass increased 26% with increased soil resource availability (relative to the low soil resources treatment), and showed little response to elevated [CO2]. Concentrations of N and soluble phenolics, and C/N ratio in roots were similar for the two species, but aspen had slightly higher lignin and lower condensed tannins contents compared to sugar maple. As predicted by source-sink models of carbon allocation, pooled constituents (C/N ratio, soluble phenolics) increased in response to increased relative carbon availability (elevated [CO2]/low soil resource availability), however, biosynthetically distinct compounds (lignin, starch, condensed tannins) did not always respond as predicted. We found that mycorrhizal colonization of fine roots was not strongly affected by atmospheric [CO2] or soil resource availability, as indicated by root ergosterol contents. Overall, absolute changes in root chemical composition in response to increases in C and soil resource availability were small and had no effect on soil fungal biomass or specific rates of fine root decomposition. We conclude that root contributions to soil carbon cycling will mainly be influenced by fine root production and turnover responses to rising atmospheric [CO2], rather than changes in substrate chemistry.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Science", "Climate", "Ecology and Evolutionary Biology", "Plant Roots", "01 natural sciences", "Trees", "Sugar Maple", "Soil", "Ergosterol", "Health Sciences", "Carbon-based Secondary Compounds", "Biomass", "Cellular and Developmental Biology", "Ecosystem", "Soil Microbiology", "Atmosphere", "Fungi", "Natural Resources and Environment", "Molecular", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "Soil C Cycling", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Trembling Aspen"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-005-0191-4"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Oecologia", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00442-005-0191-4", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00442-005-0191-4", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00442-005-0191-4"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-07-23T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00442-005-0222-1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:14:49Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-10-04", "title": "Variations In Soil N Cycling And Trace Gas Emissions In Wet Tropical Forests", "description": "We used a previously described precipitation gradient in a tropical montane ecosystem of Hawai'i to evaluate how changes in mean annual precipitation (MAP) affect the processes resulting in the loss of N via trace gases. We evaluated three Hawaiian forests ranging from 2200 to 4050 mm year-1 MAP with constant temperature, parent material, ecosystem age, and vegetation. In situ fluxes of N2O and NO, soil inorganic nitrogen pools (NH4+ and NO3-), net nitrification, and net mineralization were quantified four times over 2 years. In addition, we performed 15N-labeling experiments to partition sources of N2O between nitrification and denitrification, along with assays of nitrification potential and denitrification enzyme activity (DEA). Mean NO and N2O emissions were highest at the mesic end of the gradient (8.7+/-4.6 and 1.1+/-0.3 ng N cm-2 h-1, respectively) and total oxidized N emitted decreased with increased MAP. At the wettest site, mean trace gas fluxes were at or below detection limit (