{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1007/s11104-010-0674-x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:14:51Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-12-02", "title": "The Influence Of Management And Environmental Variables On Soil N2o Emissions In A Crop System In Southern Italy", "description": "Soil N2O emissions were monitored throughout a 3-year crop rotation including maize, fennel and a ryegrass-clover. sward, at Borgo Cioffi NitroEurope site. N2O emission rates were highly variable in time and space and controlled by soil nitrogen and soil water content. The N2O effluxes were low for most of the monitored period. The highest N2O emissions were recorded throughout the 2007 maize cropping season, ranged from 15.2 to 196.2 mug m-2 h-1 whereas the lowest ones ranged from -5 to 10 mug m-2 h-1 during the 2007\u00962008 ryegrass-clover winter crop. For the maize crops, N2O peaks were detected after fertilization but with a delay of some weeks from applications, probably due to the presence of DMPP nitrification inhibitor in the applied fertilizer. A properly designed ANOVA model was developed to explain the influence of the main chemical-physical factors. This model also allowed the quantification of the delay time in peak emissions following fertilization, which resulted variable over the years and ranged between 2 and 21 days. A dependence of emissions from soil temperature and moisture was found, with significant interactions in some instances. Calculated Emission Factors (maize 2007: 0.48%; ryegrass-clover sward 2007\u00962008: 0.05%; maize 2008: 0.14%; fennel: 0.28% 2008\u00962009; maize 2009: .015%) resulted well below the values reported in the literature and the 1% reference value indicated by IPCC, probably due to a suboptimal water regime inducing low Water Filled Pore Space (WFPS) values.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Nitrous oxide", "Empirical model", "13. Climate action", "Nitrous oxide; soil; agriculture", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Mediterranean climate", "15. Life on land", "Emission factor", "soil", "agriculture"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-010-0674-x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-010-0674-x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-010-0674-x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-010-0674-x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-12-03T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.tust.2019.02.016", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:16:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-03-08", "title": "Empirical and semi-analytical methods for evaluating tunnelling-induced ground movements in sands", "description": "Empirical formulas and closed-form solutions provide, in many cases, good predictions of tunnelling-induced ground movements which, when combined with their computational efficiency, make them valuable for tunnel-structure interaction analyses. For sandy soils, however, there is a shortage of available methods that can adequately describe the changes in soil deformation patterns that occur as a result of tunnel volume loss, soil relative density, and geometrical parameters. In this paper, two approaches are adopted to describe centrifuge test outcomes for tunnelling in dry silica sand of varying relative density. Firstly, empirical expressions for the prediction of settlement trough shape and magnitude are presented; additionally, a set of equations is given to describe the settlement troughs using modified Gaussian curves. Next, semi-analytical expressions (modifying an elastic analytical solution for incompressible soil and ovalized tunnel) are developed to predict both vertical and horizontal movements within the ground. Results from both methods can capture the main effects that cover-to-diameter ratio, relative density, and volume loss have on surface and subsurface ground movement profiles. The proposed expressions can be used for the calibration/verification of tunnel-structure interaction analysis methods by using outputs from comparable centrifuge tests; once verified, these methods may be more widely applied to other scenarios and used within design or risk-assessment exercises.", "keywords": ["Gorund movements", "Centrifuge modelling", "Analytical", "Tunelling", "Empirical", "Ingenier\u00eda Civil y de la Construcci\u00f3n", "ENG - Nottingham Centre for Geomechanics"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2019.02.016"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Tunnelling%20and%20Underground%20Space%20Technology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.tust.2019.02.016", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.tust.2019.02.016", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.tust.2019.02.016"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1029/2023jg007674", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:16:42Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-06-05", "title": "Feasibility of Formulating Ecosystem Biogeochemical Models From Established Physical Rules", "description": "Abstract<p>To improve the predictive capability of ecosystem biogeochemical models (EBMs), we discuss the feasibility of formulating biogeochemical processes using physical rules that have underpinned the many successes in computational physics and chemistry. We argue that the currently popular empirically based approaches, such as multiplicative empirical response functions and the law of the minimum, will not lead to EBM formulations that can be continuously refined to incorporate improved mechanistic understanding and empirical observations of biogeochemical processes. Instead, we propose that EBM parameterizations, as a lossy data compression problem, can be better formulated using established physical rules widely used in computational physics and chemistry, and different biogeochemical processes can be more robustly integrated within a reactive\uffe2\uff80\uff90transport framework. Through several examples, we demonstrate how mathematical representations derived from physical rules can improve understanding of relevant biogeochemical processes and enable more effective communication between modelers, observationalists, and experimentalists regarding essential questions, such as what measurements are needed to meaningfully inform models and how can models generate new process\uffe2\uff80\uff90level hypotheses to test in empirical studies. Finally, while empirical models with more parameters are often less robust, physical rules\uffe2\uff80\uff90based models can be more robust and show lower predictive equifinality, stemming from their enhanced consistency in representations of processes, interactions and spatial scaling.</p", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "03 medical and health sciences", "Geophysics", "ecosystem biogeochemistry", "empirical response function", "biogeochemical modeling", "Earth Sciences", "soil carbon dynamics", "Oceanography", "Life Below Water", "physical rules", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt5m29f2t9/qt5m29f2t9.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1029/2023jg007674"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Geophysical%20Research%3A%20Biogeosciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1029/2023jg007674", "name": "item", "description": "10.1029/2023jg007674", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1029/2023jg007674"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-10-02T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1139/cjfr-2016-0203", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:18:01Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-10-20", "title": "Douglas-fir radial growth in interior British Columbia can be linked to long-term oscillations in Pacific and Atlantic sea surface temperatures", "description": "<p> A major problem in modern dendrochronology is that the methods traditionally used for linking tree-ring growth data to climate records are not well suited to reconstructing low-frequency climatic variations. In this study, we explored the alternative ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) to detrend tree-ring records and extract climate signals without removing low-frequency information. Tree cores of Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca (Mayr.) Franco were examined in a semi-arid forest in southern interior British Columbia, western Canada. Ring width data were decomposed into five oscillatory components (intrinsic mode functions, IMFs) of increasingly longer periodicities. IMF 1 was considered white noise, IMF 2 was used to create the first diameter growth index (DGI-1), and IMF 3 and IMF 4 were combined to create the second diameter growth index (DGI-2), whereas IMF 5 and the residual term together were considered as the trend term. The highest significant cross-correlations between DGI-1 and the NAOAugust, NI\uffc3\uff91O12May, and PDOJanuary indices were found at 1-year lags. DGI-2 had positive and persistent correlations with NAOJune and PDOMay at 0- to 3-year lags and with NAOMay at 2- and 3-year lags. Our results indicate that periods of slow growth in the tree-ring record matched periods of drought in the North American Pacific Northwest. Such water-limiting conditions are likely caused by oscillatory patterns in the Pacific Ocean sea surface temperatures that influence precipitation in the Pacific Northwest. These drought events are likely exacerbated by changes in winter precipitation (snowpack) related to oscillations of the Atlantic Ocean sea surface temperatures, highlighting the ecological effects of both oceans on terrestrial ecosystems. Such relationships could not be easily found by traditional tree-ring analyses that remove some of the low-frequency signal, and therefore, we suggest EEMD as an additional tool to establishing tree growth \uffe2\uff80\uff93 climate relationships. </p>", "keywords": ["Growth-climate relationships", "Low-frequency climate oscillations", "13. Climate action", "Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (EEMD)", "Dendroclimatology", "14. Life underwater", "15. Life on land", "16. Peace & justice", "Decadal climate oscillations", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/pdf/10.1139/cjfr-2016-0203"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2016-0203"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Forest%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1139/cjfr-2016-0203", "name": "item", "description": "10.1139/cjfr-2016-0203", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1139/cjfr-2016-0203"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.22541/essoar.169625599.92822380/v1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:19:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-06-05", "title": "Feasibility of Formulating Ecosystem Biogeochemical Models From Established Physical Rules", "description": "Abstract<p>To improve the predictive capability of ecosystem biogeochemical models (EBMs), we discuss the feasibility of formulating biogeochemical processes using physical rules that have underpinned the many successes in computational physics and chemistry. We argue that the currently popular empirically based approaches, such as multiplicative empirical response functions and the law of the minimum, will not lead to EBM formulations that can be continuously refined to incorporate improved mechanistic understanding and empirical observations of biogeochemical processes. Instead, we propose that EBM parameterizations, as a lossy data compression problem, can be better formulated using established physical rules widely used in computational physics and chemistry, and different biogeochemical processes can be more robustly integrated within a reactive\uffe2\uff80\uff90transport framework. Through several examples, we demonstrate how mathematical representations derived from physical rules can improve understanding of relevant biogeochemical processes and enable more effective communication between modelers, observationalists, and experimentalists regarding essential questions, such as what measurements are needed to meaningfully inform models and how can models generate new process\uffe2\uff80\uff90level hypotheses to test in empirical studies. Finally, while empirical models with more parameters are often less robust, physical rules\uffe2\uff80\uff90based models can be more robust and show lower predictive equifinality, stemming from their enhanced consistency in representations of processes, interactions and spatial scaling.</p", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "03 medical and health sciences", "Geophysics", "ecosystem biogeochemistry", "empirical response function", "biogeochemical modeling", "Earth Sciences", "soil carbon dynamics", "Oceanography", "Life Below Water", "physical rules", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt5m29f2t9/qt5m29f2t9.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.22541/essoar.169625599.92822380/v1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Geophysical%20Research%3A%20Biogeosciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.22541/essoar.169625599.92822380/v1", "name": "item", "description": "10.22541/essoar.169625599.92822380/v1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.22541/essoar.169625599.92822380/v1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-10-02T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/rs12010072", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:19:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-12-24", "title": "Evaluation of Backscattering Models and Support Vector Machine for the Retrieval of Bare Soil Moisture from Sentinel-1 Data", "description": "<p>The main objective of this work was to retrieve surface soil moisture (SSM) by using scattering models and a support vector machine (SVM) technique driven by backscattering coefficients obtained from Sentinel-1 satellite images acquired over bare agricultural soil in the Tensfit basin of Morocco. Two backscattering models were selected in this study due to their wide use in inversion procedures: the theoretical integral equation model (IEM) and the semi-empirical model (Oh). To this end, the sensitivity of the SAR backscattering coefficients at     V V     (    \uffcf\uff83  v v  \uffe2\uff88\uff98    ) and     V H     (    \uffcf\uff83  v h  \uffe2\uff88\uff98    ) polarizations to in situ soil moisture data were analyzed first. As expected, the results showed that over bare soil the     \uffcf\uff83  v v  \uffe2\uff88\uff98     was well correlated with SSM compared to the     \uffcf\uff83  v h  \uffe2\uff88\uff98    , which showed more dispersion with correlation coefficients values (r) of about     0.84     and     0.61     for the     V V     and     V H     polarizations, respectively. Afterwards, these values of     \uffcf\uff83  v v  \uffe2\uff88\uff98     were compared to those simulated by the backscatter models. It was found that IEM driven by the measured length correlation L slightly underestimated SAR backscatter coefficients compared to the Oh model with a bias of about     \uffe2\uff88\uff92 0.7     dB and     \uffe2\uff88\uff92 1.2     dB and a root mean square (RMSE) of about     1.1     dB and     1.5     dB for Oh and IEM models, respectively. However, the use of an optimal value of L significantly improved the bias of IEM, which became near to zero, and the RMSE decreased to     0.9     dB. Then, a classical inversion approach of     \uffcf\uff83  v v  \uffe2\uff88\uff98     observations based on backscattering model is compared to a data driven retrieval technic (SVM). By comparing the retrieved soil moisture against ground truth measurements, it was found that results of SVM were very encouraging and were close to those obtained by IEM model. The bias and RMSE were about 0.28 vol.% and 2.77 vol.% and     \uffe2\uff88\uff92 0.13     vol.% and 2.71 vol.% for SVM and IEM, respectively. However, by taking into account the difficultly of obtaining roughness parameter at large scale, it was concluded that SVM is still a useful tool to retrieve soil moisture, and therefore, can be fairly used to generate maps at such scales.</p>", "keywords": ["[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "soil moisture; synthetic aperture radar (SAR); Sentinel-1; semi-empirical and theoretical backscatter models; support vector machine; bare soil", "550", "Science", "sentinel-1", "Q", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "0207 environmental engineering", "support vector", "02 engineering and technology", "synthetic aperture radar (SAR)", "15. Life on land", "543", "bare soil", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "Sentinel-1", "support vector machine", "soil moisture", "synthetic aperture radar (sar)", "semi-empirical and theoretical backscatter models", "machine"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/1/72/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/1/72/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12010072"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Remote%20Sensing", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/rs12010072", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/rs12010072", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/rs12010072"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-12-24T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.3464108", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-09-21T16:21:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-02-27", "title": "Empirical damage and liquefaction fragility curves from 2012 Emilia earthquake data", "description": "<p> The study focuses on the effects of liquefaction on structures taken from data on about 1000 private residential masonry buildings located in several municipalities struck by the 2012 Emilia earthquake. Survey data were collected by teams of experts coordinated by the Italian Department of Civil Protection in the immediate post-earthquake emergency phase. They included information on building characteristics and the level and extent of the damage to structural and non-structural components. Furthermore, according to data related to the reconstruction process, information on the liquefaction-induced type and extent of the damage was also collected. Through a comparative analysis of the empirical damage, it was found that liquefaction strongly affected the buildings, confirming its relevance in the damage scenario under specific subsoil conditions. Based on this evidence, the article proposes a correlation between structural damage and liquefaction when it comes to deriving proper preliminary empirical fragility curves. A suitable parameter to define liquefaction effects at ground level is introduced and correlated to damage grades defined according to the European Macroseismic Scale: EMS-98. </p>", "keywords": ["empirical damge", "residential buildings", "fragility curves", "liquefaction", "earthquake", "11. Sustainability", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "earthquake; empirical damge; fragility curves; liquefaction; residential buildings"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Di Ludovico M., Chiaradonna A., Bilotta E., Flora A., Prota A.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3464108"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Earthquake%20Spectra", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.3464108", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.3464108", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.3464108"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-02-26T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "20.500.11850/688246", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:22:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-07-29", "title": "Hydro-pedotransfer functions: a roadmap for future development", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Abstract. Hydro-pedotransfer functions\u00a0(PTFs) relate easy-to-measure and readily available soil information to soil hydraulic properties\u00a0(SHPs) for applications in a wide range of process-based and empirical models, thereby enabling the assessment of soil hydraulic effects on hydrological, biogeochemical, and ecological processes. At least more than 4 decades of research have been invested to derive such relationships. However, while models, methods, data storage capacity, and computational efficiency have advanced, there are fundamental concerns related to the scope and adequacy of current PTFs, particularly when applied to parameterise models used at the field scale and beyond. Most of the PTF development process has focused on refining and advancing the regression methods, while fundamental aspects have remained largely unconsidered. Most soil systems are not represented in PTFs, which have been built mostly for agricultural soils in temperate climates. Thus, existing PTFs largely ignore how parent material, vegetation, land use, and climate affect processes that shape SHPs. The PTFs used to parameterise the Richards\u2013Richardson equation are mostly limited to predicting parameters of the van\u00a0Genuchten\u2013Mualem soil hydraulic functions, despite sufficient evidence demonstrating their shortcomings. Another fundamental issue relates to the diverging scales of derivation and application, whereby PTFs are derived based on laboratory measurements while often being applied at the field to regional scales. Scaling, modulation, and constraining strategies exist to alleviate some of these shortcomings in the mismatch between scales. These aspects are addressed here in a joint effort by the members of the International Soil Modelling Consortium\u00a0(ISMC) Pedotransfer Functions Working Group with the aim of systematising PTF research and providing a roadmap guiding both PTF development and use. We close with a 10-point catalogue for funders and researchers to guide review processes and research.</p></article>", "keywords": ["Technology", "550", "Bodenanalyse", "Modell", "SPHAGNUM MOSS", "Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering", "630", "Ing\u00e9nierie", " informatique & technologie", "Biogeochemical process", "Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)", "Geography. Anthropology. Recreation", "GE1-350", "SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY", "Geosciences", " Multidisciplinary", "TD1-1066", "Water Science and Technology", "2. Zero hunger", "T", "Geology", "Hydraulics effects", "Agriculture & agronomy", "Life sciences", "Daten", "Pedo-transfer functions", "6. Clean water", "Soil hydraulics", "REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY", "Roadmap", "Physical Sciences", "Sciences du vivant", "Water Resources", "SOIL-WATER-RETENTION", "0406 Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience", "3709 Physical geography and environmental geoscience", "Process-based modeling", "Environmental Engineering", "Physique", " chimie", " math\u00e9matiques & sciences de la terre", "PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES", "SENSITIVITY-ANALYSIS", "Soil hydraulic properties", "0905 Civil Engineering", "333", "G", "Physical", " chemical", " mathematical & earth Sciences", "Empirical model", "Agriculture & agronomie", "Life Science", "UNSATURATED CONDUCTIVITY", "SEASONAL-CHANGES", "Pedotransfer functions", "HYSTERETIC MOISTURE PROPERTIES", "info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/550", "Science & Technology", "3707 Hydrology", "Physikochemische Bodeneigenschaft", "500", "15. Life on land", "Engineering", " computing & technology", "Sciences de la terre & g\u00e9ographie physique", "Environmental sciences", "0907 Environmental Engineering", "13. Climate action", "ITC-ISI-JOURNAL-ARTICLE", "Earth sciences & physical geography", "HETEROGENEOUS SOILS", "4013 Geomatic engineering", "ITC-GOLD", "Hydrological process"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://orbi.uliege.be/bitstream/2268/321088/1/hess-28-3391-2024.pdf"}, {"href": "https://hess.copernicus.org/articles/28/3391/2024/hess-28-3391-2024.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/20.500.11850/688246"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Hydrology%20and%20Earth%20System%20Sciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "20.500.11850/688246", "name": "item", "description": "20.500.11850/688246", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/20.500.11850/688246"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-07-29T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2164/15915", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:22:45Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-07-01", "title": "Global Research Alliance N2O chamber methodology guidelines: Summary of modeling approaches", "description": "Abstract<p>Measurements of nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from agriculture are essential for understanding the complex soil\uffe2\uff80\uff93crop\uffe2\uff80\uff93climate processes, but there are practical and economic limits to the spatial and temporal extent over which measurements can be made. Therefore, N2O models have an important role to play. As models are comparatively cheap to run, they can be used to extrapolate field measurements to regional or national scales, to simulate emissions over long time periods, or to run scenarios to compare mitigation practices. Process\uffe2\uff80\uff90based models can also be used as an aid to understanding the underlying processes, as they can simulate feedbacks and interactions that can be difficult to distinguish in the field. However, when applying models, it is important to understand the conceptual process differences in models, how conceptual understanding changed over time in various models, and the model requirements and limitations to ensure that the model is well suited to the purpose of the investigation and the type of system being simulated. The aim of this paper is to give the reader a high\uffe2\uff80\uff90level overview of some of the important issues that should be considered when modeling. This includes conceptual understanding of widely used models, common modeling techniques such as calibration and validation, assessing model fit, sensitivity analysis, and uncertainty assessment. We also review examples of N2O modeling for different purposes and describe three commonly used process\uffe2\uff80\uff90based N2O models (APSIM, DayCent, and DNDC).</p", "keywords": ["Process-based", "Environmental Engineering", "Monitoring", "330", "Supplementary Data", "QH301 Biology", "Nitrous Oxide", "Goodness-of-fit", "01 natural sciences", "Empirical", "QH301", "Soil", "NE/M021327/1", "SDG 13 - Climate Action", "774378", "Nitrous Oxide/analysis", "European Commission", "Waste Management and Disposal", "Water Science and Technology", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "Policy and Law", "Natural Environment Research Council (NERC)", "NE/P019455/1", "Uncertainty", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Pollution", "Management", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Sensitivity analysis"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/jeq2.20119"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/2164/15915"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Environmental%20Quality", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2164/15915", "name": "item", "description": "2164/15915", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2164/15915"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-08-27T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Empirical&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Empirical&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "first", "title": "items (first)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Empirical&", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "last", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (last)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Empirical&offset=9", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 9, "numberReturned": 9, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-09-22T08:43:11.098982Z"}