{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1007/s00248-013-0225-0", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:14:41Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-04-15", "title": "Agricultural Management And Labile Carbon Additions Affect Soil Microbial Community Structure And Interact With Carbon And Nitrogen Cycling", "description": "We investigated how conversion from conventional agriculture to organic management affected the structure and biogeochemical function of soil microbial communities. We hypothesized the following. (1) Changing agricultural management practices will alter soil microbial community structure driven by increasing microbial diversity in organic management. (2) Organically managed soil microbial communities will mineralize more N and will also mineralize more N in response to substrate addition than conventionally managed soil communities. (3) Microbial communities under organic management will be more efficient and respire less added C. Soils from organically and conventionally managed agroecosystems were incubated with and without glucose ((13)C) additions at constant soil moisture. We extracted soil genomic DNA before and after incubation for TRFLP community fingerprinting of soil bacteria and fungi. We measured soil C and N pools before and after incubation, and we tracked total C respired and N mineralized at several points during the incubation. Twenty years of organic management altered soil bacterial and fungal community structure compared to continuous conventional management with the bacterial differences caused primarily by a large increase in diversity. Organically managed soils mineralized twice as much NO3 (-) as conventionally managed ones (44 vs. 23 \u03bcg N/g soil, respectively) and increased mineralization when labile C was added. There was no difference in respiration, but organically managed soils had larger pools of C suggesting greater efficiency in terms of respiration per unit soil C. These results indicate that the organic management induced a change in community composition resulting in a more diverse community with enhanced activity towards labile substrates and greater capacity to mineralize N.", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "0303 health sciences", "Environmental Microbiology and Microbial Ecology", "Bacteria", "Nitrogen", "Fungal Community Structure", "Agriculture", "Nitrogen Cycle", "15. Life on land", "Microbiology", "630", "Carbon", "Carbon Cycle", "Soil", "03 medical and health sciences", "rRNA Gene Copy", "Soil Microbial Community Structure", "fungal community", "Biology", "Ecosystem", "Soil Microbiology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-013-0225-0"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Microbial%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00248-013-0225-0", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00248-013-0225-0", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00248-013-0225-0"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-04-16T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1128/aem.01126-09", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:19:11Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-08-22", "title": "Afforestation Alters The Composition Of Functional Genes In Soil And Biogeochemical Processes In South American Grasslands", "description": "ABSTRACT<p>Soil microbes are highly diverse and control most soil biogeochemical reactions. We examined how microbial functional genes and biogeochemical pools responded to the altered chemical inputs accompanying land use change. We examined paired native grasslands and adjacentEucalyptusplantations (previously grassland) in Uruguay, a region that lacked forests before European settlement. Along with measurements of soil carbon, nitrogen, and bacterial diversity, we analyzed functional genes using the GeoChip 2.0 microarray, which simultaneously quantified several thousand genes involved in soil carbon and nitrogen cycling. Plantations and grassland differed significantly in functional gene profiles, bacterial diversity, and biogeochemical pool sizes. Most grassland profiles were similar, but plantation profiles generally differed from those of grasslands due to differences in functional gene abundance across diverse taxa. Eucalypts decreased ammonification and N fixation functional genes by 11% and 7.9% (P&lt; 0.01), which correlated with decreased microbial biomass N and more NH4+in plantation soils. Chitinase abundance decreased 7.8% in plantations compared to levels in grassland (P= 0.017), and C polymer-degrading genes decreased by 1.5% overall (P&lt; 0.05), which likely contributed to 54% (P&lt; 0.05) more C in undecomposed extractable soil pools and 27% less microbial C (P&lt; 0.01) in plantation soils. In general, afforestation altered the abundance of many microbial functional genes, corresponding with changes in soil biogeochemistry, in part through altered abundance of overall functional gene types rather than simply through changes in specific taxa. Such changes in microbial functional genes correspond with altered C and N storage and have implications for long-term productivity in these soils.</p>", "keywords": ["Nitrogen", "Argentina", "Sequence Homology", "soil science", "Microbiology", "333", "Trees", "Soil", "afforestation", "Cluster Analysis", "Biology", "Soil Microbiology", "Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis", "2. Zero hunger", "Environmental Microbiology and Microbial Ecology", "Bacteria", "Chitinases", "Biodiversity", "DNA", "Gene Pool", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "South America", "15. Life on land", "Microarray Analysis", "Carbon", "Uruguay", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Eucalyptus plantation"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.01126-09"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20and%20Environmental%20Microbiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1128/aem.01126-09", "name": "item", "description": "10.1128/aem.01126-09", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1128/aem.01126-09"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/1574-6941.12009", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:18:39Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-09-13", "title": "Chronic N-Amended Soils Exhibit An Altered Bacterial Community Structure In Harvard Forest, Ma, Usa", "description": "At the Harvard Forest, Petersham, MA, the impact of 20 years of annual ammonium nitrate application to the mixed hardwood stand on soil bacterial communities was studied using 16S rRNA genes pyrosequencing. Amplification of 16S rRNA genes was done using DNA extracted from 30 soil samples (three treatments \u00d7 two horizons \u00d7 five subplots) collected from untreated (control), low N-amended (50 kg ha(-1) year(-1)) and high N-amended (150 kg ha(-1) year(-1)) plots. A total of 1.3 million sequences were processed using qiime. Although Acidobacteria represented the most abundant phylum based on the number of sequences, Proteobacteria were the most diverse in terms of operational taxonomic units (OTUs). UniFrac analyses revealed that the bacterial communities differed significantly among soil horizons and treatments. Microsite variability among the five subplots was also evident. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling ordination of normalized OTU data followed by permutational manova further confirmed these observations. Richness indicators and indicator species analyses revealed higher bacterial diversity associated with N amendment. Differences in bacterial diversity and community composition associated with the N treatments were also observed at lower phylogenetic levels. Only 28-35% of the 6 936 total OTUs identified were common to three treatments, while the rest were specific to one treatment or common to two.", "keywords": ["DNA", " Bacterial", "0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "0303 health sciences", "Environmental Microbiology and Microbial Ecology", "Nitrates", "Bacteria", "Genes", " rRNA", "Biodiversity", "15. Life on land", "Trees", "Scientific Contribution Number 2470", "Soil", "03 medical and health sciences", "Massachusetts", "RNA", " Ribosomal", " 16S", "Fertilizers", "Phylogeny", "Soil Microbiology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/1574-6941.12009"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/FEMS%20Microbiology%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/1574-6941.12009", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/1574-6941.12009", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/1574-6941.12009"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-10-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1890/08-1730.1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:20:01Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-11-18", "title": "A global meta-analysis of soil exchangeable cations, pH, carbon, and nitrogen with afforestation", "description": "<p>Afforestation, the conversion of non\uffe2\uff80\uff90forested lands to forest plantations, can sequester atmospheric carbon dioxide, but the rapid growth and harvesting of biomass may deplete nutrients and degrade soils if managed improperly. The goal of this study is to evaluate how afforestation affects mineral soil quality, including pH, sodium, exchangeable cations, organic carbon, and nitrogen, and to examine the magnitude of these changes regionally where afforestation rates are high. We also examine potential mechanisms to reduce the impacts of afforestation on soils and to maintain long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term productivity.</p><p>Across diverse plantation types (153 sites) to a depth of 30 cm of mineral soil, we observed significant decreases in nutrient cations (Ca, K, Mg), increases in sodium (Na), or both with afforestation. Across the data set, afforestation reduced soil concentrations of the macronutrient Ca by 29% on average (P&lt; 0.05). Afforestation byPinusalone decreased soil K by 23% (P&lt; 0.05). Overall, plantations of all genera also led to a mean 71% increase of soil Na (P&lt; 0.05). Mean pH decreased 0.3 units (P&lt; 0.05) with afforestation.</p><p>Afforestation caused a 6.7% and 15% (P&lt; 0.05) decrease in soil C and N content respectively, though the effect was driven principally byPinusplantations (15% and 20% decrease,P&lt; 0.05). Carbon to nitrogen ratios in soils under plantations were 5.7\uffe2\uff80\uff9311.6% higher (P&lt; 0.05). In several regions with high rates of afforestation, cumulative losses of N, Ca, and Mg are likely in the range of tens of millions of metric tons. The decreases indicate that trees take up considerable amounts of nutrients from soils; harvesting this biomass repeatedly could impair long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term soil fertility and productivity in some locations. Based on this study and a review of other literature, we suggest that proper site preparation and sustainable harvest practices, such as avoiding the removal or burning of harvest residue, could minimize the impact of afforestation on soils. These sustainable practices would in turn slow soil compaction, erosion, and organic matter loss, maintaining soil fertility to the greatest extent possible.</p>", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Nitrogen", "Microbiology", "01 natural sciences", "333", "salinity", "Trees", "12. Responsible consumption", "acidification", "Soil", "SOIL NUTRIENTS", "afforestation", "SALINITY", "https://purl.org/becyt/ford/4.1", "https://purl.org/becyt/ford/4", "soil carbon", "Biology", "BASE CATIONS", "Ecosystem", "2. Zero hunger", "Environmental Microbiology and Microbial Ecology", "Forestry", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Hydrogen-Ion Concentration", "15. Life on land", "Carbon", "sustainable harvest", "13. Climate action", "SUSTAINABLE HARVEST", "AFFORESTATION", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "soil nutrients", "base cations", "SOIL CARBON", "ACIDIFICATION"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1890/08-1730.1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecological%20Applications", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1890/08-1730.1", "name": "item", "description": "10.1890/08-1730.1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1890/08-1730.1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Environmental+Microbiology+and+Microbial+Ecology&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Environmental+Microbiology+and+Microbial+Ecology&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "first", "title": "items (first)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Environmental+Microbiology+and+Microbial+Ecology&", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "last", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (last)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Environmental+Microbiology+and+Microbial+Ecology&offset=4", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 4, "numberReturned": 4, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-07-26T09:23:53.298044Z"}