{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1890/09-0135.1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:22:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-04-09", "title": "Soil Ecosystem Functioning Under Climate Change: Plant Species And Community Effects", "description": "<p>Feedbacks of terrestrial ecosystems to atmospheric and climate change depend on soil ecosystem dynamics. Soil ecosystems can directly and indirectly respond to climate change. For example, warming directly alters microbial communities by increasing their activity. Climate change may also alter plant community composition, thus indirectly altering the soil communities that depend on their inputs. To better understand how climate change may directly and indirectly alter soil ecosystem functioning, we investigated old\uffe2\uff80\uff90field plant community and soil ecosystem responses to single and combined effects of elevated [CO2], warming, and precipitation in Tennessee (USA). Specifically, we collected soils at the plot level (plant community soils) and beneath dominant plant species (plant\uffe2\uff80\uff90specific soils). We used microbial enzyme activities and soil nematodes as indicators for soil ecosystem functioning.</p><p>Our study resulted in two main findings: (1) Overall, while there were some interactions, water, relative to increases in [CO2] and warming, had the largest impact on plant community composition, soil enzyme activity, and soil nematodes. Multiple climate\uffe2\uff80\uff90change factors can interact to shape ecosystems, but in our study, those interactions were largely driven by changes in water. (2) Indirect effects of climate change, via changes in plant communities, had a significant impact on soil ecosystem functioning, and this impact was not obvious when looking at plant community soils. Climate\uffe2\uff80\uff90change effects on enzyme activities and soil nematode abundance and community structure strongly differed between plant community soils and plant\uffe2\uff80\uff90specific soils, but also within plant\uffe2\uff80\uff90specific soils.</p><p>These results indicate that accurate assessments of climate\uffe2\uff80\uff90change impacts on soil ecosystem functioning require incorporating the concurrent changes in plant function and plant community composition. Climate\uffe2\uff80\uff90change\uffe2\uff80\uff90induced shifts in plant community composition will likely modify or counteract the direct impact of atmospheric and climate change on soil ecosystem functioning, and hence, these indirect effects should be taken into account when predicting the manner in which global change will alter ecosystem functioning.</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Time Factors", "Bacteria", "Nematoda", "Climate Change", "Fungi", "Water", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "Plants", "15. Life on land", "Enzymes", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "Animals", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Ecosystem", "Soil Microbiology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1890/09-0135.1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1890/09-0135.1", "name": "item", "description": "10.1890/09-0135.1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1890/09-0135.1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1890/14-0088.1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:22:16Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-07-18", "title": "Plant Diversity Effects On Soil Microbial Functions And Enzymes Are Stronger Than Warming In A Grassland Experiment", "description": "<p>Anthropogenic changes in biodiversity and atmospheric temperature significantly influence ecosystem processes. However, little is known about potential interactive effects of plant diversity and warming on essential ecosystem properties, such as soil microbial functions and element cycling. We studied the effects of orthogonal manipulations of plant diversity (one, four, and 16 species) and warming (ambient, +1.5\uffc2\uffb0C, and +3\uffc2\uffb0C) on soil microbial biomass, respiration, growth after nutrient additions, and activities of extracellular enzymes in 2011 and 2012 in the BAC (biodiversity and climate) perennial grassland experiment site at Cedar Creek, Minnesota, USA. Focal enzymes are involved in essential biogeochemical processes of the carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycles. Soil microbial biomass and some enzyme activities involved in the C and N cycle increased significantly with increasing plant diversity in both years. In addition, 16\uffe2\uff80\uff90species mixtures buffered warming induced reductions in topsoil water content. We found no interactive effects of plant diversity and warming on soil microbial biomass and growth rates. However, the activity of several enzymes (1,4\uffe2\uff80\uff90\uffce\uffb2\uffe2\uff80\uff90glucosidase, 1,4\uffe2\uff80\uff90\uffce\uffb2\uffe2\uff80\uff90N\uffe2\uff80\uff90acetylglucosaminidase, phosphatase, peroxidase) depended on interactions between plant diversity and warming with elevated activities of enzymes involved in the C, N, and P cycles at both high plant diversity and high warming levels. Increasing plant diversity consistently decreased microbial biomass\uffe2\uff80\uff90specific enzyme activities and altered soil microbial growth responses to nutrient additions, indicating that plant diversity changed nutrient limitations and/or microbial community composition. In contrast to our expectations, higher plant diversity only buffered temperature effects on soil water content, but not on microbial functions. Temperature effects on some soil enzymes were greatest at high plant diversity. In total, our results suggest that the fundamental temperature ranges of soil microbial communities may be sufficiently broad to buffer their functioning against changes in temperature and that plant diversity may be a dominant control of soil microbial processes in a changing world.</p>", "keywords": ["aboveground-belowground interactions", "Hot Temperature", "warming", "Climate Change", "biodiversity-ecosystem functioning", "global warming", "soil microbial ecology", "Soil", "XXXXXX - Unknown", "Biomass", "global change", "Soil Microbiology", "2. Zero hunger", "microbial biomass", "grasslands", "extracellular enzymes", "Biodiversity", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Plants", "15. Life on land", "plant diversity", "Enzymes", "grassland ecosystem", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "ecosystems"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1890/14-0088.1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1890/14-0088.1", "name": "item", "description": "10.1890/14-0088.1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1890/14-0088.1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/microorganisms8122024", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:23:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-12-17", "title": "The Role of Petrimonas mucosa ING2-E5AT in Mesophilic Biogas Reactor Systems as Deduced from Multiomics Analyses", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Members of the genera Proteiniphilum and Petrimonas were speculated to represent indicators reflecting process instability within anaerobic digestion (AD) microbiomes. Therefore, Petrimonas mucosa ING2-E5AT was isolated from a biogas reactor sample and sequenced on the PacBio RSII and Illumina MiSeq sequencers. Phylogenetic classification positioned the strain ING2-E5AT in close proximity to Fermentimonas and Proteiniphilum species (family Dysgonomonadaceae). ING2-E5AT encodes a number of genes for glycosyl-hydrolyses (GH) which are organized in Polysaccharide Utilization Loci (PUL) comprising tandem susCD-like genes for a TonB-dependent outer-membrane transporter and a cell surface glycan-binding protein. Different GHs encoded in PUL are involved in pectin degradation, reflecting a pronounced specialization of the ING2-E5AT PUL systems regarding the decomposition of this polysaccharide. Genes encoding enzymes participating in amino acids fermentation were also identified. Fragment recruitments with the ING2-E5AT genome as a template and publicly available metagenomes of AD microbiomes revealed that Petrimonas species are present in 146 out of 257 datasets supporting their importance in AD microbiomes. Metatranscriptome analyses of AD microbiomes uncovered active sugar and amino acid fermentation pathways for Petrimonas species. Likewise, screening of metaproteome datasets demonstrated expression of the Petrimonas PUL-specific component SusC providing further evidence that PUL play a central role for the lifestyle of Petrimonas species.</p></article>", "keywords": ["Bioconversion", "anaerobic digestion", "0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "bioconversion", "Biomethanation", "QH301-705.5", "570 Biologie", "polysaccharide utilization loci", "metabolic pathway reconstruction", "16. Peace & justice", "7. Clean energy", "Article", "660.6", "biomethanation", "03 medical and health sciences", "Metabolic pathway reconstruction", "Polysaccharide utilization loci", "carbohydrate-active enzymes; polysaccharide utilization loci; anaerobic digestion; biomethanation; metabolic pathway reconstruction; bioconversion", "Anaerobic digestion", "carbohydrate-active enzymes", "Carbohydrate-active enzymes", "ddc:570", "Biology (General)"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/8/12/2024/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/8/12/2024/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8122024"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Microorganisms", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/microorganisms8122024", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/microorganisms8122024", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/microorganisms8122024"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-12-17T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "21.11116/0000-0007-B312-A", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:29:25Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-12-17", "title": "The Role of Petrimonas mucosa ING2-E5AT in Mesophilic Biogas Reactor Systems as Deduced from Multiomics Analyses", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Members of the genera Proteiniphilum and Petrimonas were speculated to represent indicators reflecting process instability within anaerobic digestion (AD) microbiomes. Therefore, Petrimonas mucosa ING2-E5AT was isolated from a biogas reactor sample and sequenced on the PacBio RSII and Illumina MiSeq sequencers. Phylogenetic classification positioned the strain ING2-E5AT in close proximity to Fermentimonas and Proteiniphilum species (family Dysgonomonadaceae). ING2-E5AT encodes a number of genes for glycosyl-hydrolyses (GH) which are organized in Polysaccharide Utilization Loci (PUL) comprising tandem susCD-like genes for a TonB-dependent outer-membrane transporter and a cell surface glycan-binding protein. Different GHs encoded in PUL are involved in pectin degradation, reflecting a pronounced specialization of the ING2-E5AT PUL systems regarding the decomposition of this polysaccharide. Genes encoding enzymes participating in amino acids fermentation were also identified. Fragment recruitments with the ING2-E5AT genome as a template and publicly available metagenomes of AD microbiomes revealed that Petrimonas species are present in 146 out of 257 datasets supporting their importance in AD microbiomes. Metatranscriptome analyses of AD microbiomes uncovered active sugar and amino acid fermentation pathways for Petrimonas species. Likewise, screening of metaproteome datasets demonstrated expression of the Petrimonas PUL-specific component SusC providing further evidence that PUL play a central role for the lifestyle of Petrimonas species.</p></article>", "keywords": ["Bioconversion", "anaerobic digestion", "0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "bioconversion", "Biomethanation", "QH301-705.5", "570 Biologie", "polysaccharide utilization loci", "metabolic pathway reconstruction", "16. Peace & justice", "7. Clean energy", "Article", "660.6", "biomethanation", "03 medical and health sciences", "Metabolic pathway reconstruction", "Polysaccharide utilization loci", "Anaerobic digestion", "carbohydrate-active enzymes", "Carbohydrate-active enzymes", "ddc:570", "Biology (General)"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/8/12/2024/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/8/12/2024/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/21.11116/0000-0007-B312-A"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Microorganisms", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "21.11116/0000-0007-B312-A", "name": "item", "description": "21.11116/0000-0007-B312-A", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/21.11116/0000-0007-B312-A"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-12-17T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2139/ssrn.4106102", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:22:48Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-05-28", "title": "Evaluation of Biostimulation, Bioaugmentation, and Organic Amendments Application on the Bioremediation of Recalcitrant Hydrocarbons of Soil", "description": "In the present work, the operational conditions for improving the degradation rates of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPHs) in contaminated soil from a machinery park were optimized at a microcosms scale along a 90- days incubation period. In this study, bioremediation strategies and an organic amendment have been tested to verify the remediation of soil contaminated with different hydrocarbons, mineral oils, and heavy metals. Specifically, designed biostimulation and bioaugmentation strategies were compared with and without adding vermicompost. The polluted soil harboring multiple contaminants, partially attenuated for years, was used. The initial profile showed enrichment in heavy linear alkanes, suggesting a previous moderate weathering. The application of vermicompost increased five and two times the amounts of available phosphorus (P) and exchangeable potassium (K), respectively, as a direct consequence of the organic amendment addition. The microbial activity increased due to soil acidification, which influenced the solubility of P and other micronutrients. It also impacted the predominance and variability of the different microbial groups and the incubation, as reflected by phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) results. An increase in the alkaline phosphatases and proteases linked to bacterial growth was displayed. This stimulation of microbial metabolism correlated with the degradation rates since TPHs degradation\u2019 efficiency after vermicompost addition reached 32.5% and 34.4% of the initial hydrocarbon levels for biostimulation and bioaugmentation, respectively. Although Polycyclic Aromatic", "keywords": ["Soil enzymes", "01 natural sciences", "Total petroleum hydrocarbons polluted soils", "Soil", "Bioaugmentation", "Alkanes", "Soil Pollutants", "Micronutrients", "Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons", "Materials", "Phospholipids", "Soil Microbiology", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Minerals", "Materiales", "Biostimulation", " Bioaugmentation", " Phospholipid fatty acids", " Total petroleum hydrocarbons polluted soils", " Soil enzymes", "Fatty Acids", "Phosphorus", "Phenanthrenes", "Hydrocarbons", "Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases", "6. Clean water", "Biostimulation", "Biodegradation", " Environmental", "Petroleum", "13. Climate action", "Phospholipid fatty acids", "Potassium", "Oils", "Biostimulation Bioaugmentation Phospholipid fatty acids Total petroleum hydrocarbons polluted soils Soil enzymes", "Peptide Hydrolases"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4106102"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/SSRN%20Electronic%20Journal", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2139/ssrn.4106102", "name": "item", "description": "10.2139/ssrn.4106102", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2139/ssrn.4106102"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3389/ffgc.2021.686945", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:23:10Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-06-11", "title": "Modeling Microbial Adaptations to Nutrient Limitation During Litter Decomposition", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Microbial decomposers face large stoichiometric imbalances when feeding on nutrient-poor plant residues. To meet the challenges of nutrient limitation, microorganisms might: (i) allocate less carbon (C) to growth vs. respiration or excretion (i.e., flexible C-use efficiency, CUE), (ii) produce extracellular enzymes to target compounds that supply the most limiting element, (iii) modify their cellular composition according to the external nutrient availability, and (iv) preferentially retain nutrients at senescence. These four resource use modes can have different consequences on the litter C and nitrogen (N) dynamics\u2013modes that selectively remove C from the system can reduce C storage in soil, whereas modes that delay C mineralization and increase internal N recycling could promote storage of C and N. Since we do not know which modes are dominant in litter decomposers, we cannot predict the fate of C and N released from plant residues, in particular under conditions of microbial nutrient limitation. To address this question, we developed a process-based model of litter decomposition in which these four resource use modes were implemented. We then parameterized the model using \u223c80 litter decomposition datasets spanning a broad range of litter qualities. The calibrated model variants were able to capture most of the variability in litter C, N, and lignin fractions during decomposition regardless of which modes were included. This suggests that different modes can lead to similar litter decomposition trajectories (thanks to the multiple alternative resource acquisition pathways), and that identification of dominant modes is not possible using \u201cstandard\u201d litter decomposition data (an equifinality problem). Our results thus point to the need of exploring microbial adaptations to nutrient limitation with empirical estimates of microbial traits and to develop models flexible enough to consider a range of hypothesized microbial responses.</p></article>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "microbial model", "carbon use efficiency", "nitrogen limitation", "Forestry", "extracellular enzymes", "litter decomposition", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Biological Sciences", "SD1-669.5", "15. Life on land", "microbial stoichiometry", "C/N ratio", "C:N ratio", "12. Responsible consumption", "Environmental sciences", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Biologiska vetenskaper", "GE1-350"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.3389/ffgc.2021.686945"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Frontiers%20in%20Forests%20and%20Global%20Change", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3389/ffgc.2021.686945", "name": "item", "description": "10.3389/ffgc.2021.686945", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3389/ffgc.2021.686945"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-06-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3389/fmicb.2013.00146", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:23:10Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-06-11", "description": "The activities of extracellular enzymes, the proximate agents of decomposition in soils, are known to depend strongly on temperature, but less is known about how they respond to changes in precipitation patterns, and the interaction of these two components of climate change. Both enzyme production and turnover can be affected by changes in temperature and soil moisture, thus it is difficult to predict how enzyme pool size may respond to altered climate. Soils from the Boston-Area Climate Experiment (BACE), which is located in an old field (on abandoned farmland), were used to examine how climate variables affect enzyme activities and microbial biomass carbon (MBC) in different seasons and in soils exposed to a combination of three levels of precipitation treatments (ambient, 150% of ambient during growing season, and 50% of ambient year-round) and four levels of warming treatments (unwarmed to ~4\u00b0C above ambient) over the course of a year. Warming, precipitation and season had very little effect on potential enzyme activity. Most models assume that enzyme dynamics follow microbial biomass, because enzyme production should be directly controlled by the size and activity of microbial biomass. We observed differences among seasons and treatments in mass-specific potential enzyme activity, suggesting that this assumption is invalid. In June 2009, mass-specific potential enzyme activity, using chloroform fumigation-extraction MBC, increased with temperature, peaking under medium warming and then declining under the highest warming. This finding suggests that either enzyme production increased with temperature or turnover rates decreased. Increased maintenance costs associated with warming may have resulted in increased mass-specific enzyme activities due to increased nutrient demand. Our research suggests that allocation of resources to enzyme production could be affected by climate-induced changes in microbial efficiency and maintenance costs.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "570", "decomposition", "550", "microbial biomass", "Nitrogen", "carbon", "enzymes", "temperature", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "precipitation", "15. Life on land", "Microbiology", "nitrogen", "Carbon", "QR1-502", "6. Clean water", "Enzymes", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2013.00146"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Frontiers%20in%20Microbiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3389/fmicb.2013.00146", "name": "item", "description": "10.3389/fmicb.2013.00146", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3389/fmicb.2013.00146"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3389/fmicb.2015.01104", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:23:10Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-10-14", "title": "Environmental and microbial factors influencing methane and nitrous oxide fluxes in Mediterranean cork oak woodlands: trees make a difference", "description": "Cork oak woodlands (montado) are agroforestry systems distributed all over the Mediterranean basin with a very important social, economic and ecological value. A generalized cork oak decline has been occurring in the last decades jeopardizing its future sustainability. It is unknown how loss of tree cover affects microbial processes that are consuming greenhouse gases in the montado ecosystem. The study was conducted under two different conditions in the natural understory of a cork oak woodland in center Portugal: under tree canopy (UC) and open areas without trees (OA). Fluxes of methane and nitrous oxide were measured with a static chamber technique. In order to quantify methanotrophs and bacteria capable of nitrous oxide consumption, we used quantitative real-time PCR targeting the pmoA and nosZ genes encoding the subunit of particulate methane mono-oxygenase and catalytic subunit of the nitrous oxide reductase, respectively. A significant seasonal effect was found on CH4 and N2O fluxes and pmoA and nosZ gene abundance. Tree cover had no effect on methane fluxes; conversely, whereas the UC plots were net emitters of nitrous oxide, the loss of tree cover resulted in a shift in the emission pattern such that the OA plots were a net sink for nitrous oxide. In a seasonal time scale, the UC had higher gene abundance of Type I methanotrophs. Methane flux correlated negatively with abundance of Type I methanotrophs in the UC plots. Nitrous oxide flux correlated negatively with nosZ gene abundance at the OA plots in contrast to that at the UC plots. In the UC soil, soil organic matter had a positive effect on soil extracellular enzyme activities, which correlated positively with the N2O flux. Our results demonstrated that tree cover affects soil properties, key enzyme activities and abundance of microorganisms and, consequently net CH4 and N2O exchange.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0301 basic medicine", "0303 health sciences", "nitrous oxide", "methane", "enzymes", "Nitrous Oxide", "Mediterranean", "15. Life on land", "Microbiology", "QR1-502", "Enzymes", "03 medical and health sciences", "methanotrophs", "nosZ", "13. Climate action", "oak woodland", "Methane", "pmoA"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2015.01104"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Frontiers%20in%20Microbiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3389/fmicb.2015.01104", "name": "item", "description": "10.3389/fmicb.2015.01104", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3389/fmicb.2015.01104"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-10-14T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/agronomy14030594", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:23:19Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-03-15", "title": "Crop Conversion from Annual to Perennials: An Effective Strategy to Affect Soil Multifunctionality", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Although crop conversion from annual to perennial crops has been considered as one path towards climate-smart and resource-efficient agriculture, the effects of this conversion on soil multifunctionality and biomass yields remain unclear. The objective of the study is to enhance soil multifunctionality while exerting a marginal influence on farmer income. Here, we investigated the effects of annual winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and two perennial crops (a grass (Lolium perenne L.), a legume (Medicago sativa L.), and their mixture) on soil multifunctionality and biomass yield on the Yellow River floodplain. Soil multifunctionality was assessed by the capacity of water regulation and the multifunctionality of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) cycles. C cycle multifunctionality index is the average of \u03b2-xylosidase, \u03b2-cellobiosidase, and \u03b2-1, 4-glucosidase. N cycle multifunctionality index is the average of L-leucine aminopeptidase and \u03b2-1, 4-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase, and acid phosphatase represented (and dominated) P cycle functions. The results showed that perennial crops enhanced soil multifunctionality by 207% for L. perenne, 311% for M. sativa, and 438% for L. perenne + M. sativa, compared with annual winter wheat (T. aestivum). The effect of perennial crops on soil multifunctionality increased with infiltration rate, dissolved organic C, microbial biomass C, and extracellular enzymatic activities for both C and N acquisition. However, we observed that perennial crops had a lower biomass yield than annual crop. Therefore, the transition of agricultural landscapes to perennials needs to take into account the balance between environmental protection and food security, as well as environmental heterogeneity, to promote sustainable agricultural development.</p></article>", "keywords": ["land use change", "2. Zero hunger", "soil extracellular enzymes", "annual and perennial crops", "Yellow River floodplain", "S", "13. Climate action", "Agriculture", "soil functions", "15. Life on land", "crop type", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14030594"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/agronomy14030594", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/agronomy14030594", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/agronomy14030594"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-03-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/f7020045", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:23:23Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-02-19", "description": "<p>Microbial-mediated decomposition and nutrient mineralization are major drivers of forest productivity. As landscape-scale fuel reduction treatments are being implemented throughout the fire-prone western United States of America, it is important to evaluate operationally how these wildfire mitigation treatments alter belowground processes. We quantified these important belowground components before and after management-applied fuel treatments of thinning alone, thinning combined with prescribed fire, and prescribed fire in ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) stands at the Southwest Plateau, Fire and Fire Surrogate site, Arizona. Fuel treatments did not alter pH, total carbon and nitrogen (N) concentrations, or base cations of the forest floor (O horizon) or mineral soil (0\uffe2\uff80\uff935 cm) during this 2-year study. In situ rates of net N mineralization and nitrification in the surface mineral soil (0\uffe2\uff80\uff9315 cm) increased 6 months after thinning with prescribed fire treatments; thinning only resulted in net N immobilization. The rates returned to pre-treatment levels after one year. Based on phospholipid fatty acid composition, microbial communities in treated areas were similar to untreated areas (control) in the surface organic horizon and mineral soil (0\uffe2\uff80\uff935 cm) after treatments. Soil potential enzyme activities were not significantly altered by any of the three fuel treatments. Our results suggest that a variety of one-time alternative fuel treatments can reduce fire hazard without degrading soil fertility.</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Ecology", "Life on Land", "fuel treatments", "13. Climate action", "Forestry Sciences", "fuel treatments; nitrification; nitrogen mineralization; phospholipid fatty acids; soil enzymes", "Plant Biology", "phospholipid fatty acids", "15. Life on land", "soil enzymes", "nitrification", "nitrogen mineralization"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Overby, Steven T, Hart, Stephen C,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/7/2/45/pdf"}, {"href": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt54s4m5pt/qt54s4m5pt.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/f7020045"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Forests", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/f7020045", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/f7020045", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/f7020045"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-02-18T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/f7100244", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:23:23Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-10-21", "title": "Effect Of 40 And 80 Years Of Conifer Regrowth On Soil Microbial Activities And Community Structure In Subtropical Low Mountain Forests", "description": "<p>The effects of long-term reforestation on soil microbial communities and biomass are poorly understood. This study was conducted on two coniferous plantations: Cunninghamia konishii Hayata, planted 40 years ago (CONIF-40), and Calocedrus formosana (Florin) Florin, planted 80 years ago (CONIF-80). An adjacent natural broadleaf forest (BROAD-Nat) was used as a control. We determined microbial biomass C and N contents, enzyme activities, and community composition (via phospholipid fatty acid [PLFA] assessment). Both microbial biomass and PLFA content were higher in the summer than in the winter and differed among the forests in summer only. Total PLFA, total bacterial, gram-positive bacterial, gram-negative bacterial, and vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal contents followed the same pattern. Total fungal content and the ratios of fungi to bacteria and of gram-positive to gram-negative bacteria were highest in CONIF-40, with no difference between the other forests. Principal component analysis of PLFA contents revealed that CONIF-40 communities were distinct from those of CONIF-80 and BROAD-Nat. Our results suggest that vegetation replacement during reforestation exerts a prolonged impact on the soil microbial community. The understory broadleaf shrubs and trees established after coniferous plantation reforestation may balance out the effects of coniferous litter, contributing to bacterial recovery.</p>", "keywords": ["0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "PLFA; microbial community; soil enzymes; forest"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/7/10/244/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/f7100244"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Forests", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/f7100244", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/f7100244", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/f7100244"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-10-21T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/genes10060424", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:23:24Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-06-03", "title": "Effect of Long-Term Farming Practices on Agricultural Soil Microbiome Members Represented by Metagenomically Assembled Genomes (MAGs) and Their Predicted Plant-Beneficial Genes", "description": "<p>To follow the hypothesis that agricultural management practices affect structure and function of the soil microbiome regarding soil health and plant-beneficial traits, high-throughput (HT) metagenome analyses were performed on Chernozem soil samples from a long-term field experiment designated LTE-1 carried out at Bernburg-Strenzfeld (Saxony-Anhalt, Germany). Metagenomic DNA was extracted from soil samples representing the following treatments: (i) plough tillage with standard nitrogen fertilization and use of fungicides and growth regulators, (ii) plough tillage with reduced nitrogen fertilization (50%), (iii) cultivator tillage with standard nitrogen fertilization and use of fungicides and growth regulators, and (iv) cultivator tillage with reduced nitrogen fertilization (50%). Bulk soil (BS), as well as root-affected soil (RS), were considered for all treatments in replicates. HT-sequencing of metagenomic DNA yielded approx. 100 Giga bases (Gb) of sequence information. Taxonomic profiling of soil communities revealed the presence of 70 phyla, whereby Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Planctomycetes, Acidobacteria, Thaumarchaeota, Firmicutes, Verrucomicrobia and Chloroflexi feature abundances of more than 1%. Functional microbiome profiling uncovered, i.a., numerous potential plant-beneficial, plant-growth-promoting and biocontrol traits predicted to be involved in nutrient provision, phytohormone synthesis, antagonism against pathogens and signal molecule synthesis relevant in microbe\uffe2\uff80\uff93plant interaction. Neither taxonomic nor functional microbiome profiling based on single-read analyses revealed pronounced differences regarding the farming practices applied. Soil metagenome sequences were assembled and taxonomically binned. The ten most reliable and abundant Metagenomically Assembled Genomes (MAGs) were taxonomically classified and metabolically reconstructed. Importance of the phylum Thaumarchaeota for the analyzed microbiome is corroborated by the fact that the four corresponding MAGs were predicted to oxidize ammonia (nitrification), thus contributing to the cycling of nitrogen, and in addition are most probably able to fix carbon dioxide. Moreover, Thaumarchaeota and several bacterial MAGs also possess genes with predicted functions in plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93growth\uffe2\uff80\uff93promotion. Abundances of certain MAGs (species resolution level) responded to the tillage practice, whereas the factors compartment (BS vs. RS) and nitrogen fertilization only marginally shaped MAG abundance profiles. Hence, soil management regimes promoting plant-beneficial microbiome members are very likely advantageous for the respective agrosystem, its health and carbon sequestration and accordingly may enhance plant productivity. Since Chernozem soils are highly fertile, corresponding microbiome data represent a valuable reference resource for agronomy in general.</p>", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "570", "plant\u2013growth\u2013promotion (PGP)", "metagenomically-assembled-genomes (MAGs)", "Article", "03 medical and health sciences", "carbon dioxide fixation", "Ammonia", "metagenomic binning", "Germany", "soil microbiome", "Proteobacteria", "Humans", "biocontrol", "secondary metabolite synthesis", "suppressive soil", "Phylogeny", "Soil Microbiology", "soil microbiome; suppressive soil; biocontrol; plant\u2013growth\u2013promotion (PGP); metagenomic binning; metagenomically-assembled-genomes (MAGs); secondary metabolite synthesis; carbon dioxide fixation; carbohydrate-active enzymes; differentially abundant features (DAFs)", "2. Zero hunger", "Bacteria", "Bacteroidetes", "Agriculture", "differentially abundant features (DAFs)", "15. Life on land", "Archaea", "Actinobacteria", "carbohydrate-active enzymes", "Metagenome"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/10/6/424/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/10/6/424/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/genes10060424"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Genes", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/genes10060424", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/genes10060424", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/genes10060424"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-06-03T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/plants11060774", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:23:31Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-03-15", "title": "The Comparison of Soil Agrochemical and Biological Properties in the Multi-Cropping Farming Systems", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Multi-cropping systems play an important role in improving the quality of soil properties. A field experiment was carried at the Experimental Station of Vytautas Magnus University Agriculture Academy (Lithuania) in 2017 to 2019. The aim of the study was to compare agrophysical and biological properties of the soil in the multi-cropping systems of sole (spring barley, spring wheat, pea, caraway), binary (spring barley\u2013caraway, spring wheat\u2013caraway, pea\u2013caraway) and trinary (spring barley\u2013caraway\u2013white clover, spring wheat\u2013caraway\u2013white clover, pea\u2013caraway\u2013white clover) crops. In the second and the third years of caraway cultivation, when solely caraway was grown, the total nitrogen content was significantly lower than in binary and trinary crops (8.5% and 17.4%, respectively). The results indicated that the highest organic carbon content was in the third year of caraway cultivation in trinary crop when caraway was grown with peas and white clover. In the third year, the highest saccharase and urease activity was found in trinary crop where caraway was grown with spring barley and white clover. A strong positive correlation was observed between the content of saccharase and urease and the total nitrogen, organic carbon, and potassium available in the soil. The results of the study suggest that multi-cropping is important for soil conservation and the sustainability of agro-ecosystems.</p></article>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "<i>Carum carvi</i> L.", "multi-cropping system", "root biomass", "soil properties", "QK1-989", "enzymes", "Botany", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "<i>Carum carvi</i> L.; enzymes; multi-cropping system; root biomass; soil properties", "Article"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/6/774/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/6/774/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11060774"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plants", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/plants11060774", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/plants11060774", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/plants11060774"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-03-14T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.4067/s0718-95162015005000048", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:23:50Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-09-07", "description": "A long-term field experiment was conducted over a twenty year period to examine the effects of three different soil management regimes (Abandonment, Fallow and Cropping) and eight nutrient management regimes under Cropping on soil organic carbon (SOC), N and P levels, microbial biomass, and enzymatic activities related to C, N, and P cycling in a loess soil. The nutrient management regimes examined involved treatment with various combinations of inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers (N, NP, PK, and NPK), as well as combinations of NPK fertilizers with either residual plant material (SNPK) or manure (MN1PK and MN2PK). Abandonment resulted in greater levels of soil microbial biomass than did Cropping but similar levels of enzyme activity were observed under both regimes. The Fallow regime gave significantly lower soil organic carbon levels and enzyme activities than did Cropping. Within the Cropping system, the treatments containning nitrogen and phophorus significantly improved SOC, N and P levels and also increased microbial biomass and enzyme activity relative to the control. In general, the highest values of the tested soil parameters were observed under the M2NPK treatment. With the exception of invertase, the activity of all soil enzymes tested correlated significantly with SOC and microbial biomass. It was concluded that the use of fertilization regimes involving applying organic material in conjunction with NPK fertilizers should be encouraged in order to maintain or improve the chemical and biological properties of the tested loess soil and to thereby increase its productivity.", "keywords": ["soil organic carbon", "2. Zero hunger", "microbial biomass", "Long-term experiment", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "soil enzymes", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-95162015005000048"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20soil%20science%20and%20plant%20nutrition", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.4067/s0718-95162015005000048", "name": "item", "description": "10.4067/s0718-95162015005000048", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.4067/s0718-95162015005000048"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5061/dryad.c85gk", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "unspecified", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:24:05Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Data from: Plant-soil interactions shape the identity and persistence of soil organic carbon in invaded ecosystems: implication for legacy effects", "description": "unspecified1. Introduced, invasive plants can alter local soil chemistry and  microbial communities, but the underlying mechanisms and extent of these  changes are largely unknown. Based on characteristics associated with  invasiveness in plants, it was hypothesized that introduced species that  produce large amounts of litter with distinctive secondary compounds can  a) alter the chemistry of both extractable and bulk carbon in the soil, b)  shift microbial communities towards microbes better able to metabolize the  compounds in the litter, and c) cause soil carbon chemistry and microbial  communities to shift to relatively uniform, novel states at multiple  sites. 2. Composition of phenolics in senescent tissues (leaves and roots)  of Polygonum cuspidatum was compared to the composition of extractable  phenolics and non-extractable bulk organic carbon in soils under and  adjacent to large, long-established stands of P. cuspidatum at four sites  in the eastern U.S. Rates of degradation of phenolics, activities of  enzymes associated with the breakdown of phenolics, and shifts in  microbial community composition were also measured at the sites. 3. Soils  under P. cuspidatum stands contained twice as much phenolics as adjacent  soils, but the composition of phenolics differed greatly between soils  under stands and senescent tissues of P. cuspidatum. Flavonoids and  proanthocyanidins constituted &gt;90% of the identified phenolics in  P. cuspidatum tissues, whereas monophenolic compounds accounted for  &gt; 90% of the phenolics in soils under stands. Soils under and  adjacent to stands also exhibited distinctive compositions of relatively  persistent bulk organic carbon; composition differed less between soils  under stands at different sites than between soils under and adjacent to  stands at the same site. 4. Soils under P. cuspidatum had 2.8 times  greater abundance of fungi than soils adjacent to stands, and fungal  markers showed clear separation of soils under and adjacent to P.  cuspidatum. However, the potential activity of enzymes that degrade  polyphenols was lower in soils under stands. Exogenously applied  chemically complex polyphenols persisted in both P. cuspidatum invaded and  adjacent non-invaded soils, whereas less complex compounds rapidly  disappeared from both soils. 5. Synthesis. Results suggest that  interactions between plant inputs, abiotic reactions, and biotic  transformations may create and maintain new states in invaded soils that  are chemically and biologically less diverse. In the case of polyphenol  rich, fast growing invasive species, these interactions may alter the  composition of bulk soil organic matter that has slower turnover rates,  resulting in legacy effects. Restoration could thus require, not just  removal of the species, but also post-removal interventions such as soil  amendments.", "keywords": ["Flavonoids", "Peroxidases", "Mass spectrometry", "tannins", "Fallopia japonica", "Japanese knotweed", "Reynoutria japonica", "Polyphenols", "home-field advantage", "Legacy effect", "15. Life on land", "soil enzymes"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Suseela, Vidya, Alpert, Peter, Nakatsu, Cindy H., Armstrong, Arthur, Tharayil, Nishanth,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.c85gk"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5061/dryad.c85gk", "name": "item", "description": "10.5061/dryad.c85gk", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5061/dryad.c85gk"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-09-24T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5061/dryad.ht4t3", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:24:08Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Data from: Host phenology and potential saprotrophism of ectomycorrhizal fungi in the boreal forest", "description": "Open AccessPhenology-induced changes in carbon assimilation by trees may affect  carbon stored in fine roots and as a consequence, alter carbon allocated  to ectomycorrhizal fungi. Two competing models exist to explain carbon  mobilization by ectomycorrhizal fungi. Under the \u2018saprotrophy model\u2019,  decreased allocation of carbon may induce saprotrophic behaviour in  ectomycorrhizal fungi, resulting in the decomposition of organic matter to  mobilize carbon. Alternatively, under the \u2018nutrient acquisition model\u2019,  decomposition may instead be driven by the acquisition of nutrients locked  within soil organic matter compounds, with carbon mobilization a secondary  process. We tested whether phenology-induced shifts in carbon reserves of  fine roots of aspen (Populus tremuloides) affect potential activity of  four carbon-compound degrading enzymes, \u03b2-glucuronidase, \u03b2-glucosidase,  N-acetylglucosaminidase and laccase, by ectomycorrhizal fungi.  Ectomycorrhizal roots from mature aspen were collected across eight stands  in north-eastern Alberta, Canada, and analysed during tree dormancy, leaf  flush, full leaf expansion and leaf abscission. We predicted potential  extracellular enzyme activity to be highest when root carbon reserves were  lowest, should host phenology induce saprotrophism. Further, we  anticipated enzyme activity to be mediated by invertase, a plant-derived  enzyme which makes carbon available to fungal symbionts in the  plant\u2013fungus interface. Root carbon reserves were positively correlated  with invertase, suggesting phenology may affect carbon allocation to  ectomycorrhizal fungi. However, of the four enzymes, host phenology had  the largest effect on \u03b2-glucuronidase, but activity of this enzyme was not  correlated with root carbon reserves or invertase. Low-biomass  ectomycorrhizas had greater potential laccase activity than high-biomass  ectomycorrhizas, highlighting discrete functional traits in fungi for  litter decomposition. Our results suggest that the decomposition of  organic matter may be driven by foraging by fungi for nutrients locked  within organic compounds rather than for mobilizing carbon. Furthermore,  the potential ability to degrade lignin was more common in low-biomass  ectomycorrhizas when compared to high-biomass ectomycorrhizas.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "ectomycorrhizal exploration type", "extracellular enzymes", "15. Life on land", "nonstructural carbohydrates", "invertase"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Hupperts, Stefan F., Pritsch, Karin, Landh\u00e4usser, Simon M., Karst, Justine,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.ht4t3"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5061/dryad.ht4t3", "name": "item", "description": "10.5061/dryad.ht4t3", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5061/dryad.ht4t3"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-06-06T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5424/sjar/2016142-8395", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:27:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-06-01", "description": "<p>Agricultural systems where monoculture prevails are characterized by fertility losses and reduced contribution to ecosystem services. Including cover crops (CC) as part of an agricultural system is a promising choice in sustainable intensification of those demanding systems. We evaluated soil microbial functionality in cash crops in response to the inclusion of CC by analyzing soil microbial functions at two different periods of the agricultural year (cash crop harvest and CC desiccation) during 2013 and 2014. Three plant species were used as CC: oat (Avena sativa L.), vetch (Vicia sativa L.) and radish (Raphanus sativus L.) which were sown in two different mixtures of species: oat and radish mix (CC1) and oat, radish and vetch mix (CC2), with soybean monoculture and soybean/corn being the cash crops. The study of community level physiological profiles showed statistical differences in respiration of specific C sources indicating an improvement of catabolic diversity in CC treatments. Soil enzyme activities were also increased with the inclusion of CC mixtures, with values of dehydrogenase activity and fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis up to 38.1% and 35.3% higher than those of the control treatment, respectively. This research evidenced that CC inclusion promotes soil biological quality through a contribution of soil organic carbon, improving the sustainability of agrosystems. The use of a CC mixture of three plant species including the legume vetch increased soil biological processes and catabolic diversity, with no adverse effects on cash crop grain yield.</p>", "keywords": ["diversification", "Plantas de Cobertura", "Soil Microorganisms", "enzymes", "Agricultural environment and ecology", "microorganisms; soil functionality; sustainability; diversification; enzymes", "SUSTAINABILITY", "https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.5", "Microorganismos del Suelo", "11. Sustainability", "https://purl.org/becyt/ford/4.1", "MICROORGANISMS", "https://purl.org/becyt/ford/4", "https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1", "microorganisms", "2. Zero hunger", "S", "Agriculture", "Soil Biology", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "sustainability", "Sostenibilidad", "Sustainability", "SOIL FUNCTIONALITY", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "DIVERSIFICATION", "soil functionality", "ENZYMES", "Biolog\u00eda del Suelo", "Cover Plants"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2016142-8395"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Spanish%20Journal%20of%20Agricultural%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5424/sjar/2016142-8395", "name": "item", "description": "10.5424/sjar/2016142-8395", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5424/sjar/2016142-8395"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.7717/peerj.9501", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:27:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-09-02", "title": "Structural and functional microbial diversity of sandy soil under cropland and grassland", "description": "Background <p>Land use change significantly alters soil organic carbon content and the microbial community. Therefore, in the present study, the effect of changing cropland to grassland on structural and functional soil microbial diversity was evaluated. The specific aims were (i) to identify the most prominent members of the fungal communities and their relevant ecological guild groups; (ii) to assess changes in the diversity of ammonia-oxidizing archaea; (iii) to determine the relationships between microbial diversity and selected physical and chemical properties.</p>   Methods <p>We investigated microbial diversity and activity indicators, bulk density and the water-holding capacity of sandy soil under both cropland and 25-year-old grassland (formerly cropland) in Trzebiesz\uffc3\uffb3w, in the Podlasie Region, Poland. Microbial diversity was assessed by: the relative abundance of ammonia-oxidizing archaea, fungal community composition and functional diversity. Microbial activity was assessed by soil enzyme (dehydrogenase, \uffce\uffb2-glucosidase) and respiration tests.</p>   Results <p>It was shown that compared to cropland, grassland has a higher soil organic carbon content, microbial biomass, basal respiration, rate of enzyme activity, richness and diversity of the microbial community, water holding capacity and the structure of the fungal and ammonia-oxidizing archaea communities was also altered. The implications of these results for soil quality and soil health are also discussed. The results suggest that grassland can have a significant phytosanitary capacity with regard to ecosystem services, due to the prominent presence of beneficial and antagonistic microbes. Moreover, the results also suggest that grassland use may improve the status of soil organic carbon and nitrogen dynamics, thereby increasing the relative abundance of fungi and ammonia-oxidizing archaea.</p", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "QH301-705.5", "Fungal community", "R", "land use", "Soil enzymes", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Functional diversity", "15. Life on land", "functional diversity", "6. Clean water", "13. Climate action", "Land use", "Medicine", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "fungal community", "Biology (General)", "soil enzymes", "Agricultural Science"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://peerj.com/articles/9501.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.9501"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PeerJ", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.7717/peerj.9501", "name": "item", "description": "10.7717/peerj.9501", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.7717/peerj.9501"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-09-02T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10259/7423", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:28:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-05-28", "title": "Evaluation of Biostimulation, Bioaugmentation, and Organic Amendments Application on the Bioremediation of Recalcitrant Hydrocarbons of Soil", "description": "In the present work, the operational conditions for improving the degradation rates of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPHs) in contaminated soil from a machinery park were optimized at a microcosms scale along a 90- days incubation period. In this study, bioremediation strategies and an organic amendment have been tested to verify the remediation of soil contaminated with different hydrocarbons, mineral oils, and heavy metals. Specifically, designed biostimulation and bioaugmentation strategies were compared with and without adding vermicompost. The polluted soil harboring multiple contaminants, partially attenuated for years, was used. The initial profile showed enrichment in heavy linear alkanes, suggesting a previous moderate weathering. The application of vermicompost increased five and two times the amounts of available phosphorus (P) and exchangeable potassium (K), respectively, as a direct consequence of the organic amendment addition. The microbial activity increased due to soil acidification, which influenced the solubility of P and other micronutrients. It also impacted the predominance and variability of the different microbial groups and the incubation, as reflected by phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) results. An increase in the alkaline phosphatases and proteases linked to bacterial growth was displayed. This stimulation of microbial metabolism correlated with the degradation rates since TPHs degradation\u2019 efficiency after vermicompost addition reached 32.5% and 34.4% of the initial hydrocarbon levels for biostimulation and bioaugmentation, respectively. Although Polycyclic Aromatic", "keywords": ["Soil enzymes", "01 natural sciences", "Total petroleum hydrocarbons polluted soils", "Soil", "Bioaugmentation", "Alkanes", "Soil Pollutants", "Micronutrients", "Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons", "Materials", "Phospholipids", "Soil Microbiology", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Minerals", "Materiales", "Fatty Acids", "Phosphorus", "Phenanthrenes", "Hydrocarbons", "Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases", "6. Clean water", "Biostimulation", "Biodegradation", " Environmental", "Petroleum", "13. Climate action", "Phospholipid fatty acids", "Potassium", "Oils", "Biostimulation Bioaugmentation Phospholipid fatty acids Total petroleum hydrocarbons polluted soils Soil enzymes", "Peptide Hydrolases"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10259/7423"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/SSRN%20Electronic%20Journal", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10259/7423", "name": "item", "description": "10259/7423", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10259/7423"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "11104/0309544", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:28:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-04-02", "title": "Analysis of the biodegradative and adaptive potential of the novel polychlorinated biphenyl degrader Rhodococcus sp. WAY2 revealed by its complete genome sequence", "description": "<p>The complete genome sequence of                                                Rhodococcus                                          sp. WAY2 (WAY2) consists of a circular chromosome, three linear replicons and a small circular plasmid. The linear replicons contain typical actinobacterial invertron-type telomeres with the central CGTXCGC motif. Comparative phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene along with phylogenomic analysis based on the genome-to-genome blast distance phylogeny (GBDP) algorithm and digital DNA\uffe2\uff80\uff93DNA hybridization (dDDH) with other                                                Rhodococcus                                          type strains resulted in a clear differentiation of WAY2, which is likely a new species. The genome of WAY2 contains five distinct clusters of bph, etb and nah genes, putatively involved in the degradation of several aromatic compounds. These clusters are distributed throughout the linear plasmids. The high sequence homology of the ring-hydroxylating subunits of these systems with other known enzymes has allowed us to model the range of aromatic substrates they could degrade. Further functional characterization revealed that WAY2 was able to grow with biphenyl, naphthalene and xylene as sole carbon and energy sources, and could oxidize multiple aromatic compounds, including ethylbenzene, phenanthrene, dibenzofuran and toluene. In addition, WAY2 was able to co-metabolize 23 polychlorinated biphenyl congeners, consistent with the five different ring-hydroxylating systems encoded by its genome. WAY2 could also use n-alkanes of various chain-lengths as a sole carbon source, probably due to the presence of alkB and ladA gene copies, which are only found in its chromosome. These results show that WAY2 has a potential to be used for the biodegradation of multiple organic compounds.</p", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "0303 health sciences", "PCB", "Whole Genome Sequencing", "AlkB Enzymes", "High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing", "PAH", "Naphthalenes", "Xylenes", "Biolog\u00eda y Biomedicina / Biolog\u00eda", "biodegradation", "Polychlorinated Biphenyls", "Hydrocarbons", "Complete genome", "03 medical and health sciences", "Biodegradation", " Environmental", "RNA", " Ribosomal", " 16S", "Biodegradation", "Cluster Analysis", "Rhodococcus", "Phylogeny", "Research Article"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/11104/0309544"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Microbial%20Genomics", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "11104/0309544", "name": "item", "description": "11104/0309544", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/11104/0309544"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "11336/226991", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:28:40Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-12-13", "title": "Unraveling the genome of Bacillus velezensis MEP218, a strain producing fengycin homologs with broad antibacterial activity: comprehensive comparative genome analysis", "description": "Abstract<p>Bacillus sp. MEP218, a soil bacterium with high potential as a source of bioactive molecules, produces mostly C16\uffe2\uff80\uff93C17 fengycin and other cyclic lipopeptides (CLP) when growing under previously optimized culture conditions. This work addressed the elucidation of the genome sequence of MEP218 and its taxonomic classification. The genome comprises 3,944,892\uffc2\uffa0bp, with a total of 3474 coding sequences and a G\uffe2\uff80\uff89+\uffe2\uff80\uff89C content of 46.59%. Our phylogenetic analysis to determine the taxonomic position demonstrated that the assignment of the MEP218 strain to Bacillus velezensis species provides insights into its evolutionary context and potential functional attributes. The in silico genome analysis revealed eleven gene clusters involved in the synthesis of secondary metabolites, including non-ribosomal CLP (fengycins and surfactin), polyketides, terpenes, and bacteriocins. Furthermore, genes encoding phytase, involved in the release of phytic phosphate for plant and animal nutrition, or other enzymes such as cellulase, xylanase, and alpha 1\uffe2\uff80\uff934 glucanase were detected. In vitro antagonistic assays against Salmonella typhimurium, Acinetobacter baumanii, Escherichia coli, among others, demonstrated a broad spectrum of C16\uffe2\uff80\uff93C17 fengycin produced by MEP218. MEP218 genome sequence analysis expanded our understanding of the diversity and genetic relationships within the Bacillus genus and updated the Bacillus databases with its unique trait to produce antibacterial fengycins and its potential as a resource of biotechnologically useful enzymes.</p", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "Bacteriocin", "Science", "Bacillus", ".", "Gene", "Synteny", "Microbiology", "Article", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Lipopeptides", "03 medical and health sciences", "https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6", "Biochemistry", " Genetics and Molecular Biology", "Genetics", "Escherichia coli", "RNA Sequencing Data Analysis", "https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1", "Molecular Biology", "Biology", "Phylogeny", "GC-content", "2. Zero hunger", "0303 health sciences", "Genome", "Acinetobacter", "Bacteria", "Secondary metabolites", "Q", "Probiotics and Prebiotics", "In silico", "R", "Life Sciences", "Anti-Bacterial Agents", "3. Good health", "Ribosomal RNA", "Whole genome sequencing", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Medicine", "Microbial Enzymes and Biotechnological Applications", "Antibacterial activity", "Genome", " Bacterial", "metagenomics assembly", "Biotechnology", "Food Science", "Phylogenetic tree"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-023-49194-y.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/11336/226991"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Scientific%20Reports", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "11336/226991", "name": "item", "description": "11336/226991", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/11336/226991"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-12-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2898288759", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:29:50Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-10-29", "title": "Soil microbial communities with greater investment in resource acquisition have lower growth yield", "description": "Abstract<p>Resource acquisition and growth yield are fundamental traits of microorganisms that have consequences for ecosystem functioning. However, there is a lack of empirical observations linking these traits. Using a landscape-scale survey of temperate near-neutral pH soils, we show tradeoffs in key community-level parameters linked to these traits. Increased investment into extracellular enzymes was associated with reduced growth yield; this reduction was linked more to carbon than nitrogen acquisition enzymes suggesting smaller stoichiometric constraints on community metabolism in examined soils.</p", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "0303 health sciences", "Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences", "Nitrogen", "carbon", "carbon use efficiency", "Carbon use efficiency", "enzymes", "microbial communities", "Microbial communities", "Agronomy & Agriculture", "Biological Sciences", "15. Life on land", "Traits", "Carbon", "nitrogen", "Enzymes", "03 medical and health sciences", "traits", "13. Climate action", "Environmental Sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/455071v1.full.pdf"}, {"href": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt97n4q53m/qt97n4q53m.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/2898288759"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2898288759", "name": "item", "description": "2898288759", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2898288759"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-10-29T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2946862318", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:29:54Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-06-03", "title": "Effect of Long-Term Farming Practices on Agricultural Soil Microbiome Members Represented by Metagenomically Assembled Genomes (MAGs) and Their Predicted Plant-Beneficial Genes", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>To follow the hypothesis that agricultural management practices affect structure and function of the soil microbiome regarding soil health and plant-beneficial traits, high-throughput (HT) metagenome analyses were performed on Chernozem soil samples from a long-term field experiment designated LTE-1 carried out at Bernburg-Strenzfeld (Saxony-Anhalt, Germany). Metagenomic DNA was extracted from soil samples representing the following treatments: (i) plough tillage with standard nitrogen fertilization and use of fungicides and growth regulators, (ii) plough tillage with reduced nitrogen fertilization (50%), (iii) cultivator tillage with standard nitrogen fertilization and use of fungicides and growth regulators, and (iv) cultivator tillage with reduced nitrogen fertilization (50%). Bulk soil (BS), as well as root-affected soil (RS), were considered for all treatments in replicates. HT-sequencing of metagenomic DNA yielded approx. 100 Giga bases (Gb) of sequence information. Taxonomic profiling of soil communities revealed the presence of 70 phyla, whereby Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Planctomycetes, Acidobacteria, Thaumarchaeota, Firmicutes, Verrucomicrobia and Chloroflexi feature abundances of more than 1%. Functional microbiome profiling uncovered, i.a., numerous potential plant-beneficial, plant-growth-promoting and biocontrol traits predicted to be involved in nutrient provision, phytohormone synthesis, antagonism against pathogens and signal molecule synthesis relevant in microbe\u2013plant interaction. Neither taxonomic nor functional microbiome profiling based on single-read analyses revealed pronounced differences regarding the farming practices applied. Soil metagenome sequences were assembled and taxonomically binned. The ten most reliable and abundant Metagenomically Assembled Genomes (MAGs) were taxonomically classified and metabolically reconstructed. Importance of the phylum Thaumarchaeota for the analyzed microbiome is corroborated by the fact that the four corresponding MAGs were predicted to oxidize ammonia (nitrification), thus contributing to the cycling of nitrogen, and in addition are most probably able to fix carbon dioxide. Moreover, Thaumarchaeota and several bacterial MAGs also possess genes with predicted functions in plant\u2013growth\u2013promotion. Abundances of certain MAGs (species resolution level) responded to the tillage practice, whereas the factors compartment (BS vs. RS) and nitrogen fertilization only marginally shaped MAG abundance profiles. Hence, soil management regimes promoting plant-beneficial microbiome members are very likely advantageous for the respective agrosystem, its health and carbon sequestration and accordingly may enhance plant productivity. Since Chernozem soils are highly fertile, corresponding microbiome data represent a valuable reference resource for agronomy in general.</p></article>", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "570", "plant\u2013growth\u2013promotion (PGP)", "metagenomically-assembled-genomes (MAGs)", "Article", "03 medical and health sciences", "carbon dioxide fixation", "Ammonia", "metagenomic binning", "Germany", "soil microbiome", "Proteobacteria", "Humans", "biocontrol", "secondary metabolite synthesis", "suppressive soil", "Phylogeny", "Soil Microbiology", "soil microbiome; suppressive soil; biocontrol; plant\u2013growth\u2013promotion (PGP); metagenomic binning; metagenomically-assembled-genomes (MAGs); secondary metabolite synthesis; carbon dioxide fixation; carbohydrate-active enzymes; differentially abundant features (DAFs)", "2. Zero hunger", "Bacteria", "Bacteroidetes", "Agriculture", "differentially abundant features (DAFs)", "15. Life on land", "Archaea", "Actinobacteria", "13. Climate action", "carbohydrate-active enzymes", "Metagenome"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/10/6/424/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/10/6/424/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/2946862318"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Genes", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2946862318", "name": "item", "description": "2946862318", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2946862318"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-06-03T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "3082227164", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:30:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-09-02", "title": "Structural and functional microbial diversity of sandy soil under cropland and grassland", "description": "Background <p>Land use change significantly alters soil organic carbon content and the microbial community. Therefore, in the present study, the effect of changing cropland to grassland on structural and functional soil microbial diversity was evaluated. The specific aims were (i) to identify the most prominent members of the fungal communities and their relevant ecological guild groups; (ii) to assess changes in the diversity of ammonia-oxidizing archaea; (iii) to determine the relationships between microbial diversity and selected physical and chemical properties.</p>   Methods <p>We investigated microbial diversity and activity indicators, bulk density and the water-holding capacity of sandy soil under both cropland and 25-year-old grassland (formerly cropland) in Trzebiesz\uffc3\uffb3w, in the Podlasie Region, Poland. Microbial diversity was assessed by: the relative abundance of ammonia-oxidizing archaea, fungal community composition and functional diversity. Microbial activity was assessed by soil enzyme (dehydrogenase, \uffce\uffb2-glucosidase) and respiration tests.</p>   Results <p>It was shown that compared to cropland, grassland has a higher soil organic carbon content, microbial biomass, basal respiration, rate of enzyme activity, richness and diversity of the microbial community, water holding capacity and the structure of the fungal and ammonia-oxidizing archaea communities was also altered. The implications of these results for soil quality and soil health are also discussed. The results suggest that grassland can have a significant phytosanitary capacity with regard to ecosystem services, due to the prominent presence of beneficial and antagonistic microbes. Moreover, the results also suggest that grassland use may improve the status of soil organic carbon and nitrogen dynamics, thereby increasing the relative abundance of fungi and ammonia-oxidizing archaea.</p", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "QH301-705.5", "Fungal community", "R", "land use", "Soil enzymes", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Functional diversity", "15. Life on land", "functional diversity", "6. Clean water", "13. Climate action", "Land use", "Medicine", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "fungal community", "Biology (General)", "soil enzymes", "Agricultural Science"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://peerj.com/articles/9501.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/3082227164"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PeerJ", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "3082227164", "name": "item", "description": "3082227164", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/3082227164"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-09-02T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "3167308845", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:30:19Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-06-11", "title": "Modeling Microbial Adaptations to Nutrient Limitation During Litter Decomposition", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Microbial decomposers face large stoichiometric imbalances when feeding on nutrient-poor plant residues. To meet the challenges of nutrient limitation, microorganisms might: (i) allocate less carbon (C) to growth vs. respiration or excretion (i.e., flexible C-use efficiency, CUE), (ii) produce extracellular enzymes to target compounds that supply the most limiting element, (iii) modify their cellular composition according to the external nutrient availability, and (iv) preferentially retain nutrients at senescence. These four resource use modes can have different consequences on the litter C and nitrogen (N) dynamics\u2013modes that selectively remove C from the system can reduce C storage in soil, whereas modes that delay C mineralization and increase internal N recycling could promote storage of C and N. Since we do not know which modes are dominant in litter decomposers, we cannot predict the fate of C and N released from plant residues, in particular under conditions of microbial nutrient limitation. To address this question, we developed a process-based model of litter decomposition in which these four resource use modes were implemented. We then parameterized the model using \u223c80 litter decomposition datasets spanning a broad range of litter qualities. The calibrated model variants were able to capture most of the variability in litter C, N, and lignin fractions during decomposition regardless of which modes were included. This suggests that different modes can lead to similar litter decomposition trajectories (thanks to the multiple alternative resource acquisition pathways), and that identification of dominant modes is not possible using \u201cstandard\u201d litter decomposition data (an equifinality problem). Our results thus point to the need of exploring microbial adaptations to nutrient limitation with empirical estimates of microbial traits and to develop models flexible enough to consider a range of hypothesized microbial responses.</p></article>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "microbial model", "carbon use efficiency", "nitrogen limitation", "Forestry", "extracellular enzymes", "litter decomposition", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Biological Sciences", "SD1-669.5", "15. Life on land", "microbial stoichiometry", "C/N ratio", "C:N ratio", "12. Responsible consumption", "Environmental sciences", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Biologiska vetenskaper", "GE1-350"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/3167308845"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Frontiers%20in%20Forests%20and%20Global%20Change", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "3167308845", "name": "item", "description": "3167308845", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/3167308845"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-06-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "40342255", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:30:48Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-05-08", "title": "Does the C:N:P 1:1:1 Ratio Hold? Examining Log\u2010Transformation Bias in Enzyme Stoichiometry", "description": "Microbial enzymes play a key role in recycling nutrients in soil, but common methods for analyzing enzyme ratios can introduce bias and reinforce misleading patterns. This article challenges the widely accepted global 1:1:1 C:N:P enzyme investment ratio, arguing it may be a methodological artefact, and recommends established, unit-independent approaches as more reliable alternatives for assessing microbial nutrient use.", "keywords": ["Soil", "Nitrogen", "Perspective", "Phosphorus", "Carbon", "Soil Microbiology", "Enzymes"], "contacts": [{"organization": "J\u00e9r\u00e9my Puissant", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/40342255"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "40342255", "name": "item", "description": "40342255", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/40342255"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "50|userclaim___::85c2e6974a364f4a96fdee6d82a5dd41", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:31:11Z", "type": "Other", "title": "Unraveling the genome of Bacillus velezensis MEP218, a strain producing fengycin homologs with broad antibacterial activity: comprehensive comparative genome analysis", "keywords": ["Bacteriocin", "Gene", "Synteny", "Microbiology", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Biochemistry", " Genetics and Molecular Biology", "Genetics", "Escherichia coli", "RNA Sequencing Data Analysis", "Molecular Biology", "Biology", "GC-content", "Genome", "Acinetobacter", "Bacteria", "Probiotics and Prebiotics", "In silico", "Life Sciences", "Ribosomal RNA", "Whole genome sequencing", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Microbial Enzymes and Biotechnological Applications", "metagenomics assembly", "Biotechnology", "Food Science", "Phylogenetic tree"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Mariano Pistorio, Mar\u00eda Julia Estrella, Edgardo Jofr\u00e9, Gonzalo Torres Tejerizo, Bruno Contreras-Moreira, Daniela Medeot, Anal\u00eda Sannazzaro, Medeot, Daniela, Daniela B. Medeot, Sannazzaro, Anal\u00eda, Anal\u00eda In\u00e9s Sannazzaro, Estrella, Maria Julia, Mar\u00eda Julia Estrella, Torres Tejerizo, Gonzalo, Gonzalo Torres Tejerizo, Contreras\u2011Moreira, Bruno, Bruno Contreras\u2010Moreira, Pistorio, Mariano, Mariano Pistorio, Jofr\u00e9, Edgardo, Edgardo Jofr\u00e9,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/50|userclaim___::85c2e6974a364f4a96fdee6d82a5dd41"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "50|userclaim___::85c2e6974a364f4a96fdee6d82a5dd41", "name": "item", "description": "50|userclaim___::85c2e6974a364f4a96fdee6d82a5dd41", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/50|userclaim___::85c2e6974a364f4a96fdee6d82a5dd41"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-12-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "85c2e6974a364f4a96fdee6d82a5dd41", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:32:13Z", "type": "Other", "title": "Unraveling the genome of Bacillus velezensis MEP218, a strain producing fengycin homologs with broad antibacterial activity: comprehensive comparative genome analysis", "keywords": ["Bacteriocin", "Gene", "Synteny", "Microbiology", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Biochemistry", " Genetics and Molecular Biology", "Genetics", "Escherichia coli", "RNA Sequencing Data Analysis", "Molecular Biology", "Biology", "GC-content", "Genome", "Acinetobacter", "Bacteria", "Probiotics and Prebiotics", "In silico", "Life Sciences", "Ribosomal RNA", "Whole genome sequencing", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Microbial Enzymes and Biotechnological Applications", "metagenomics assembly", "Biotechnology", "Food Science", "Phylogenetic tree"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Mariano Pistorio, Mar\u00eda Julia Estrella, Edgardo Jofr\u00e9, Gonzalo Torres Tejerizo, Bruno Contreras-Moreira, Daniela Medeot, Anal\u00eda Sannazzaro, Medeot, Daniela, Daniela B. Medeot, Sannazzaro, Anal\u00eda, Anal\u00eda In\u00e9s Sannazzaro, Estrella, Maria Julia, Mar\u00eda Julia Estrella, Torres Tejerizo, Gonzalo, Gonzalo Torres Tejerizo, Contreras\u2011Moreira, Bruno, Bruno Contreras\u2010Moreira, Pistorio, Mariano, Mariano Pistorio, Jofr\u00e9, Edgardo, Edgardo Jofr\u00e9,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/85c2e6974a364f4a96fdee6d82a5dd41"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "85c2e6974a364f4a96fdee6d82a5dd41", "name": "item", "description": "85c2e6974a364f4a96fdee6d82a5dd41", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/85c2e6974a364f4a96fdee6d82a5dd41"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-12-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "339f09f3-71e7-4c0c-83ca-dc8fe2f74c9b", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[5.81, 47.26], [5.81, 54.76], [15.77, 54.76], [15.77, 47.26], [5.81, 47.26]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "farming"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Soil"}, {"id": "soil"}, {"id": "wheat"}, {"id": "root architecture"}, {"id": "rhizosphere"}, {"id": "enzymes"}, {"id": "subsoil"}, {"id": "topsoil"}], "scheme": "AGROVOC Multilingual agricultural thesaurus"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "opendata"}, {"id": "MUF"}, {"id": "Enzyme activity"}, {"id": "Enzyme gradient"}, {"id": "Glucosidase"}, {"id": "Beta-glucosidase"}, {"id": "Cellobiase"}, {"id": "Zymography"}], "scheme": "Individual"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Boden"}], "scheme": "GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0"}], "license": "CC BY", "rights": "Restrictions applied to assure the protection of privacy or intellectual property, and any special restrictions or limitations or warnings on using the resource or metadata. Reports, articles, papers, scientific and non - scientific works of any form, including tables, maps, or any other kind of output, in printed or electronic form, based in whole or in part on the data supplied, must contain an acknowledgement of the form: \"Data reused from the BonaRes Data Centre www.bonares.de. This data were created as part of the Rhizo4Bio - CROP's research activities.\" Although every care has been taken in preparing and testing the data, the Rhizo4Bio - CROP and the BonaRes Data Centre cannot guarantee that the data are correct; neither does the Rhizo4Bio - CROP and the BonaRes Data Centre accept any liability whatsoever for any error, missing data or omission in the data, or for any loss or damage arising from its use. The Rhizo4Bio - CROP and BonaRes Data Centre will not be responsible for any direct or indirect use which might be made of the data.", "updated": "2024-04-15", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2023-06-01", "language": "eng", "title": "How does the root architecture of wheat influence the microbial community and activity in soil?  - Enzymatic activity within the rhizosphere", "description": "The data set includes the enzyme gradient of \u03b2-Glucosidase from the root center towards the surrounding soil at different sampling times, soil depths, and spring wheat genotypes. Enzyme data was collected using the soil zymography according to Spohn et al. (2013). The spring wheat genotypes used (Rambla et al., 2022) form different root architectures (UQR012 = shallow root system, UQR015 = deep root system). Plants were grown in columns under controlled environmental conditions in a climate chamber and sampled at four sampling dates (4, 5, 6, and 7 weeks after sowing). Zymography was performed on the surface of soil segments at two soil depths (4.5 cm and 31.5 cm). The soil used originated from the upper 30 cm of an agricultural Haplic Luvisol near Selhausen (Germany). Data of Enzymatic activity within the rhizosphere\n\nGeneral description see mother table: (https://doi.org/10.20387/bonares-80c6-ppnj); Related datasets are listed in the metadata element 'Related Identifier'.\nDataset version 1.0", "formats": [{"name": "CSV"}], "keywords": ["Soil", "soil", "wheat", "root architecture", "rhizosphere", "enzymes", "subsoil", "topsoil", "opendata", "MUF", "Enzyme activity", "Enzyme gradient", "Glucosidase", "Beta-glucosidase", "Cellobiase", "Zymography", "Boden"], "contacts": [{"name": "Adrian Lattacher", "organization": "University of Hohenheim", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "adrian.lattacher@uni-hohenheim.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": {"url": null, "protocol": null, "protocol_url": "", "name": "0000-0002-6168-9820", "name_url": "", "description": "ORCID", "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": null}}]}, {"name": "Guillaume Lobet", "organization": "Forschungszentrum J\u00fclich", "position": null, "roles": ["projectLeader"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "g.lobet@fz-juelich.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": {"url": null, "protocol": null, "protocol_url": "", "name": "0000-0002-5883-4572", "name_url": "", "description": "ORCID", "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": null}}]}, {"name": "ZALF", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)", "position": "Research Platform 'Data Analysis & Simulation' - Workgroup Research Data Management", "roles": ["publisher"], "phones": [{"value": "+49 33432 82 300"}], "emails": [{"value": "dataservice@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Eberswalder Strasse 84"], "city": "M\u00fcncheberg", "administrativeArea": "Brandenburg", "postalCode": "15374", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Christian Poll", "organization": "University of Hohenheim", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "christian.poll@uni-hohenheim.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": {"url": null, "protocol": null, "protocol_url": "", "name": "0000-0002-9674-4447", "name_url": "", "description": "ORCID", "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": null}}]}, {"name": "Ellen Kandeler", "organization": "University of Hohenheim", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "ellen.kandeler@uni-hohenheim.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": {"url": null, "protocol": null, "protocol_url": "", "name": "0000-0002-2854-0012", "name_url": "", "description": "ORCID", "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": null}}]}, {"name": "Samuel Le Gall", "organization": "Forschungszentrum J\u00fclich", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "s.le.gall@fz-juelich.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Youri Rothfuss", "organization": "Forschungszentrum J\u00fclich", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "y.rothfuss@fz-juelich.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": {"url": null, "protocol": null, "protocol_url": "", "name": "0000-0002-8874-5036", "name_url": "", "description": "ORCID", "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": null}}]}, {"organization": "University of Hohenheim;Forschungszentrum J\u00fclich", "roles": ["contributor"]}], "title_alternate": "LTE: Part 4/5, table: Enzymatic activity within the rhizosphere"}, "links": [{"href": "https://maps.bonares.de/mapapps/resources/apps/bonares/index.html?lang=en&mid=339f09f3-71e7-4c0c-83ca-dc8fe2f74c9b", "rel": "information"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/5f100775-eac0-4596-b90e-1cb4d2847410", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "339f09f3-71e7-4c0c-83ca-dc8fe2f74c9b", "name": "item", "description": "339f09f3-71e7-4c0c-83ca-dc8fe2f74c9b", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/339f09f3-71e7-4c0c-83ca-dc8fe2f74c9b"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-04-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "PMC12060210", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:33:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-05-08", "title": "Does the C:N:P 1:1:1 Ratio Hold? Examining Log\u2010Transformation Bias in Enzyme Stoichiometry", "description": "Microbial enzymes play a key role in recycling nutrients in soil, but common methods for analyzing enzyme ratios can introduce bias and reinforce misleading patterns. This article challenges the widely accepted global 1:1:1 C:N:P enzyme investment ratio, arguing it may be a methodological artefact, and recommends established, unit-independent approaches as more reliable alternatives for assessing microbial nutrient use.", "keywords": ["Soil", "Nitrogen", "Perspective", "Phosphorus", "Carbon", "Soil Microbiology", "Enzymes"], "contacts": [{"organization": "J\u00e9r\u00e9my Puissant", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/PMC12060210"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "PMC12060210", "name": "item", "description": "PMC12060210", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PMC12060210"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "PMC6627896", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:33:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-06-03", "title": "Effect of Long-Term Farming Practices on Agricultural Soil Microbiome Members Represented by Metagenomically Assembled Genomes (MAGs) and Their Predicted Plant-Beneficial Genes", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>To follow the hypothesis that agricultural management practices affect structure and function of the soil microbiome regarding soil health and plant-beneficial traits, high-throughput (HT) metagenome analyses were performed on Chernozem soil samples from a long-term field experiment designated LTE-1 carried out at Bernburg-Strenzfeld (Saxony-Anhalt, Germany). Metagenomic DNA was extracted from soil samples representing the following treatments: (i) plough tillage with standard nitrogen fertilization and use of fungicides and growth regulators, (ii) plough tillage with reduced nitrogen fertilization (50%), (iii) cultivator tillage with standard nitrogen fertilization and use of fungicides and growth regulators, and (iv) cultivator tillage with reduced nitrogen fertilization (50%). Bulk soil (BS), as well as root-affected soil (RS), were considered for all treatments in replicates. HT-sequencing of metagenomic DNA yielded approx. 100 Giga bases (Gb) of sequence information. Taxonomic profiling of soil communities revealed the presence of 70 phyla, whereby Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Planctomycetes, Acidobacteria, Thaumarchaeota, Firmicutes, Verrucomicrobia and Chloroflexi feature abundances of more than 1%. Functional microbiome profiling uncovered, i.a., numerous potential plant-beneficial, plant-growth-promoting and biocontrol traits predicted to be involved in nutrient provision, phytohormone synthesis, antagonism against pathogens and signal molecule synthesis relevant in microbe\u2013plant interaction. Neither taxonomic nor functional microbiome profiling based on single-read analyses revealed pronounced differences regarding the farming practices applied. Soil metagenome sequences were assembled and taxonomically binned. The ten most reliable and abundant Metagenomically Assembled Genomes (MAGs) were taxonomically classified and metabolically reconstructed. Importance of the phylum Thaumarchaeota for the analyzed microbiome is corroborated by the fact that the four corresponding MAGs were predicted to oxidize ammonia (nitrification), thus contributing to the cycling of nitrogen, and in addition are most probably able to fix carbon dioxide. Moreover, Thaumarchaeota and several bacterial MAGs also possess genes with predicted functions in plant\u2013growth\u2013promotion. Abundances of certain MAGs (species resolution level) responded to the tillage practice, whereas the factors compartment (BS vs. RS) and nitrogen fertilization only marginally shaped MAG abundance profiles. Hence, soil management regimes promoting plant-beneficial microbiome members are very likely advantageous for the respective agrosystem, its health and carbon sequestration and accordingly may enhance plant productivity. Since Chernozem soils are highly fertile, corresponding microbiome data represent a valuable reference resource for agronomy in general.</p></article>", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "570", "plant\u2013growth\u2013promotion (PGP)", "metagenomically-assembled-genomes (MAGs)", "Article", "03 medical and health sciences", "carbon dioxide fixation", "Ammonia", "metagenomic binning", "Germany", "soil microbiome", "Proteobacteria", "Humans", "biocontrol", "secondary metabolite synthesis", "suppressive soil", "Phylogeny", "Soil Microbiology", "2. Zero hunger", "Bacteria", "Bacteroidetes", "Agriculture", "differentially abundant features (DAFs)", "15. Life on land", "Archaea", "Actinobacteria", "13. Climate action", "carbohydrate-active enzymes", "Metagenome"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/10/6/424/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/10/6/424/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/PMC6627896"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Genes", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "PMC6627896", "name": "item", "description": "PMC6627896", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PMC6627896"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-06-03T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "PMC7474522", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:33:16Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-09-02", "title": "Structural and functional microbial diversity of sandy soil under cropland and grassland", "description": "Background <p>Land use change significantly alters soil organic carbon content and the microbial community. Therefore, in the present study, the effect of changing cropland to grassland on structural and functional soil microbial diversity was evaluated. The specific aims were (i) to identify the most prominent members of the fungal communities and their relevant ecological guild groups; (ii) to assess changes in the diversity of ammonia-oxidizing archaea; (iii) to determine the relationships between microbial diversity and selected physical and chemical properties.</p>   Methods <p>We investigated microbial diversity and activity indicators, bulk density and the water-holding capacity of sandy soil under both cropland and 25-year-old grassland (formerly cropland) in Trzebiesz\uffc3\uffb3w, in the Podlasie Region, Poland. Microbial diversity was assessed by: the relative abundance of ammonia-oxidizing archaea, fungal community composition and functional diversity. Microbial activity was assessed by soil enzyme (dehydrogenase, \uffce\uffb2-glucosidase) and respiration tests.</p>   Results <p>It was shown that compared to cropland, grassland has a higher soil organic carbon content, microbial biomass, basal respiration, rate of enzyme activity, richness and diversity of the microbial community, water holding capacity and the structure of the fungal and ammonia-oxidizing archaea communities was also altered. The implications of these results for soil quality and soil health are also discussed. The results suggest that grassland can have a significant phytosanitary capacity with regard to ecosystem services, due to the prominent presence of beneficial and antagonistic microbes. Moreover, the results also suggest that grassland use may improve the status of soil organic carbon and nitrogen dynamics, thereby increasing the relative abundance of fungi and ammonia-oxidizing archaea.</p", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "QH301-705.5", "Fungal community", "R", "land use", "Soil enzymes", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Functional diversity", "15. Life on land", "functional diversity", "6. Clean water", "13. Climate action", "Land use", "Medicine", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "fungal community", "Biology (General)", "soil enzymes", "Agricultural Science"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://peerj.com/articles/9501.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/PMC7474522"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PeerJ", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "PMC7474522", "name": "item", "description": "PMC7474522", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PMC7474522"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-09-02T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "PMC8954686", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:33:21Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-03-15", "title": "The Comparison of Soil Agrochemical and Biological Properties in the Multi-Cropping Farming Systems", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Multi-cropping systems play an important role in improving the quality of soil properties. A field experiment was carried at the Experimental Station of Vytautas Magnus University Agriculture Academy (Lithuania) in 2017 to 2019. The aim of the study was to compare agrophysical and biological properties of the soil in the multi-cropping systems of sole (spring barley, spring wheat, pea, caraway), binary (spring barley\u2013caraway, spring wheat\u2013caraway, pea\u2013caraway) and trinary (spring barley\u2013caraway\u2013white clover, spring wheat\u2013caraway\u2013white clover, pea\u2013caraway\u2013white clover) crops. In the second and the third years of caraway cultivation, when solely caraway was grown, the total nitrogen content was significantly lower than in binary and trinary crops (8.5% and 17.4%, respectively). The results indicated that the highest organic carbon content was in the third year of caraway cultivation in trinary crop when caraway was grown with peas and white clover. In the third year, the highest saccharase and urease activity was found in trinary crop where caraway was grown with spring barley and white clover. A strong positive correlation was observed between the content of saccharase and urease and the total nitrogen, organic carbon, and potassium available in the soil. The results of the study suggest that multi-cropping is important for soil conservation and the sustainability of agro-ecosystems.</p></article>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "<i>Carum carvi</i> L.", "multi-cropping system", "root biomass", "soil properties", "QK1-989", "enzymes", "Botany", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "<i>Carum carvi</i> L.; enzymes; multi-cropping system; root biomass; soil properties", "Article"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/6/774/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/6/774/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/PMC8954686"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plants", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "PMC8954686", "name": "item", "description": "PMC8954686", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PMC8954686"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-03-14T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "PMC9753960", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:33:25Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-11-29", "title": "Soil Storage Conditions Alter the Effects of Tire Wear Particles on Microbial Activities in Laboratory Tests", "description": "In this study, we focused on the fact that soil storage conditions in the laboratory have never been considered as a key factor potentially leading to high variation when measuring effects of microplastics on soil microbial activity. We stored field-collected soils under four different conditions [room-temperature storage, low-temperature storage (LS), air drying (AD), and heat drying] prior to the experiment. Each soil was treated with tire wear particles (TWPs), and soil microbial activities and water aggregate stability were investigated after soil incubation. As a result, microbial activities, including soil respiration and three enzyme activities (\u03b2-glucosidase, N-acetyl-\u03b2-glucosaminidase, and phosphatase), were shown to depend on soil storage conditions. Soil respiration rates increased with the addition of TWPs, and the differences from the control group (no TWPs added) were more pronounced in the AD TWP treatment than in soils stored under other conditions. In contrast, phosphatase activity followed an opposing trend after the addition of TWPs. The AD soil had higher phosphatase activity after the addition of TWPs, while the LS soil had a lower level than the control group. We suggest that microplastic effects in laboratory experiments can strongly depend on soil storage conditions.", "keywords": ["570", "microbial activities", "enzymes", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "microplastic", "soil respiration", "soil pretreatment"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acs.estlett.2c00585"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/PMC9753960"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Science%20%26amp%3B%20Technology%20Letters", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "PMC9753960", "name": "item", "description": "PMC9753960", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PMC9753960"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-11-28T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "5f100775-eac0-4596-b90e-1cb4d2847410", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[5.81, 47.26], [5.81, 54.76], [15.77, 54.76], [15.77, 47.26], [5.81, 47.26]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "farming"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Soil"}, {"id": "soil"}, {"id": "wheat"}, {"id": "root architecture"}, {"id": "rhizosphere"}, {"id": "enzymes"}, {"id": "subsoil"}, {"id": "topsoil"}], "scheme": "AGROVOC Multilingual agricultural thesaurus"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "opendata"}, {"id": "MUF"}, {"id": "Enzyme activity"}, {"id": "Enzyme gradient"}, {"id": "Glucosidase"}, {"id": "Beta-glucosidase"}, {"id": "Cellobiase"}, {"id": "Zymography"}], "scheme": "Individual"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Boden"}], "scheme": "GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0"}], "license": "CC BY", "rights": "Restrictions applied to assure the protection of privacy or intellectual property, and any special restrictions or limitations or warnings on using the resource or metadata. Reports, articles, papers, scientific and non - scientific works of any form, including tables, maps, or any other kind of output, in printed or electronic form, based in whole or in part on the data supplied, must contain an acknowledgement of the form: \"Data reused from the BonaRes Data Centre www.bonares.de. This data were created as part of the Rhizo4Bio - CROP's research activities.\" Although every care has been taken in preparing and testing the data, the Rhizo4Bio - CROP and the BonaRes Data Centre cannot guarantee that the data are correct; neither does the Rhizo4Bio - CROP and the BonaRes Data Centre accept any liability whatsoever for any error, missing data or omission in the data, or for any loss or damage arising from its use. The Rhizo4Bio - CROP and BonaRes Data Centre will not be responsible for any direct or indirect use which might be made of the data.", "updated": "2024-04-15", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2023-06-01", "language": "eng", "title": "How does the root architecture of wheat influence the microbial community and activity in soil?  - \u03b2-Glucosidase gradient from the root center towards the surrounding soil.", "description": "The data set includes the enzyme gradient of \u03b2-Glucosidase from the root center towards the surrounding soil at different sampling times, soil depths, and spring wheat genotypes. Enzyme data was collected using the soil zymography according to Spohn et al. (2013). The spring wheat genotypes used (Rambla et al., 2022) form different root architectures (UQR012 = shallow root system, UQR015 = deep root system). Plants were grown in columns under controlled environmental conditions in a climate chamber and sampled at four sampling dates (4, 5, 6, and 7 weeks after sowing). Zymography was performed on the surface of soil segments at two soil depths (4.5 cm and 31.5 cm). The soil used originated from the upper 30 cm of an agricultural Haplic Luvisol near Selhausen (Germany). Data of \u03b2-Glucosidase gradient from the root center towards the surrounding soil.\n\nRelated datasets are listed in the metadata element 'Related Identifier'.\nDataset version 1.0", "formats": [{"name": "CSV"}], "keywords": ["Soil", "soil", "wheat", "root architecture", "rhizosphere", "enzymes", "subsoil", "topsoil", "opendata", "MUF", "Enzyme activity", "Enzyme gradient", "Glucosidase", "Beta-glucosidase", "Cellobiase", "Zymography", "Boden"], "contacts": [{"name": "Adrian Lattacher", "organization": "University of Hohenheim", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "adrian.lattacher@uni-hohenheim.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": {"url": null, "protocol": null, "protocol_url": "", "name": "0000-0002-6168-9820", "name_url": "", "description": "ORCID", "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": null}}]}, {"name": "Guillaume Lobet", "organization": "Forschungszentrum J\u00fclich", "position": null, "roles": ["projectLeader"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "g.lobet@fz-juelich.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": {"url": null, "protocol": null, "protocol_url": "", "name": "0000-0002-5883-4572", "name_url": "", "description": "ORCID", "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": null}}]}, {"name": "ZALF", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)", "position": "Research Platform 'Data Analysis & Simulation' - 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INSPIRE themes, version 1.0"}], "license": "CC BY", "rights": "Restrictions applied to assure the protection of privacy or intellectual property, and any special restrictions or limitations or warnings on using the resource or metadata. Reports, articles, papers, scientific and non - scientific works of any form, including tables, maps, or any other kind of output, in printed or electronic form, based in whole or in part on the data supplied, must contain an acknowledgement of the form: \"Data reused from the BonaRes Data Centre www.bonares.de. This data were created as part of the Rhizo4Bio - CROP's research activities.\" Although every care has been taken in preparing and testing the data, the Rhizo4Bio - CROP and the BonaRes Data Centre cannot guarantee that the data are correct; neither does the Rhizo4Bio - CROP and the BonaRes Data Centre accept any liability whatsoever for any error, missing data or omission in the data, or for any loss or damage arising from its use. The Rhizo4Bio - CROP and BonaRes Data Centre will not be responsible for any direct or indirect use which might be made of the data.", "updated": "2024-04-15", "created": "2023-06-01", "language": "eng", "title": "How does the root architecture of wheat influence the microbial community and activity in soil?  - Mean \u03b2-Glucosidase activity on soil surface (Soil zymography)", "description": "The data set includes the enzyme gradient of \u03b2-Glucosidase from the root center towards the surrounding soil at different sampling times, soil depths, and spring wheat genotypes. Enzyme data was collected using the soil zymography according to Spohn et al. (2013). The spring wheat genotypes used (Rambla et al., 2022) form different root architectures (UQR012 = shallow root system, UQR015 = deep root system). Plants were grown in columns under controlled environmental conditions in a climate chamber and sampled at four sampling dates (4, 5, 6, and 7 weeks after sowing). Zymography was performed on the surface of soil segments at two soil depths (4.5 cm and 31.5 cm). The soil used originated from the upper 30 cm of an agricultural Haplic Luvisol near Selhausen (Germany). Data of Mean \u03b2-Glucosidase activity on soil surface (Soil zymography)\n\nGeneral description see mother table: (https://doi.org/10.20387/bonares-80c6-ppnj); Related datasets are listed in the metadata element 'Related Identifier'.\nDataset version 1.0", "formats": [{"name": "CSV"}], "keywords": ["Soil", "soil", "wheat", "root architecture", "rhizosphere", "enzymes", "subsoil", "topsoil", "opendata", "MUF", "Enzyme activity", "Enzyme gradient", "Glucosidase", "Beta-glucosidase", "Cellobiase", "Zymography", "Boden"], "contacts": [{"name": "Adrian Lattacher", "organization": "University of Hohenheim", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "adrian.lattacher@uni-hohenheim.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": {"url": null, "protocol": null, "protocol_url": "", "name": "0000-0002-6168-9820", "name_url": "", "description": "ORCID", "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": null}}]}, {"name": "Guillaume Lobet", "organization": "Forschungszentrum J\u00fclich", "position": null, "roles": ["projectLeader"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "g.lobet@fz-juelich.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": {"url": null, "protocol": null, "protocol_url": "", "name": "0000-0002-5883-4572", "name_url": "", "description": "ORCID", "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": null}}]}, {"name": "ZALF", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)", "position": "Research Platform 'Data Analysis & Simulation' - 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