{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1016/j.sandf.2019.07.004", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:26Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-08-28", "title": "Design of horizontal drains for the mitigation of liquefaction risk", "description": "Abstract   Drainage is one of the most popular protecting measures to mitigate ground liquefaction. Deploying the drains horizontally may be convenient where conventional vertical ones cannot be used, like beneath existing structures. The spacing among drains must be designed to limit the pore pressure build-up during shaking. The usual assumptions of radial consolidation around vertical drains, stemming from the assumption of an infinite number of drains, may not be appropriate for horizontal ones, since the latter are generally arranged in few rows at a shallow depth, especially if drainage at the ground level is possible as well. Hence, existing solutions for vertical \u201cearthquake\u201d drains have been modified in this work to take into account such different geometrical features. The resulting solution has been validated against numerical and experimental sets of data. Charts covering a wide range of geometrical layouts, soil properties, and seismic actions are finally proposed. They can be used to design the drain spacing that is needed so as not to exceed the target value of excess pore pressure in the ground.", "keywords": ["Liquefaction", "Design approach", "Consolidation", " Design approach", " Drainage", " Horizontal drains", " Liquefaction", " Risk mitigation", "Risk mitigation", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Drainage", "02 engineering and technology", "Horizontal drains", "Consolidation", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sandf.2019.07.004"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soils%20and%20Foundations", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.sandf.2019.07.004", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.sandf.2019.07.004", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.sandf.2019.07.004"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.sbi.2021.01.010", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:26Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-03-02", "title": "Web-based Tools for Computational Enzyme Design", "description": "<p>Enzymes are on high demand for very diverse biotechnological applications. However, natural biocatalysts often need to be engineered for fine-tuning their properties towards the end applications, such as the activity, selectivity, stability to temperature or co-solvents, and solubility. Computational methods are increasingly used in this task, providing predictions that narrow down the space of possible mutations significantly and can enormously reduce the experimental burden. Many computational tools are available as web-based platforms, making them accessible to non-expert users. These platforms are typically user-friendly, contain walk-throughs, and do not require deep expertise and installations. Here we describe some of the most recent outstanding web-tools for enzyme engineering and formulate future perspectives in this field.</p>", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "Internet", "0303 health sciences", "03 medical and health sciences", "Solubility", "biochemistry", "Computational Biology", "PROTEIN; STABILITY; DYNAMICS; VIEW", "Biotechnology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbi.2021.01.010"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Current%20Opinion%20in%20Structural%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.sbi.2021.01.010", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.sbi.2021.01.010", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.sbi.2021.01.010"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-12-03T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scca.2023.100033", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:26Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-08-18", "title": "Understanding the future of bio-based fertilisers: The EU's policy and implementation", "description": "Bio-based fertilisers (BBFs) aim to reduce the European Union's (EU) dependence on imported mineral fertilisers by recycling and reusing nutrient-rich by-streams. However, implementation can be very complex, and the right policies must be delivered to optimize BBFs' production-consumption flows. This study seeks a new perspective for policymakers by understanding current policies and reviewing previous studies on BBFs' implementation. Data collection from the researchers' database plus additional information from the ''EU-Lex'' platform and Member States' Government websites were obtained to fulfil the critical analysis. Our reviews indicate that policies related to BBFs are still under development to comply with some appropriate laws and regulations for their implementation. The current policies, implemented among others by the new EU Fertilising Products Regulation (FPR), are structured by component material categories (CMC) and product function categories (PFC) that govern the specific function of the product and the raw material utilization. For farmers and Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), compliance with the FPR may be challenging. Yet, for regional use, farmers and producers can still rely on BBFs in compliance with national regulations. In addition, attention from policymakers is needed to increase the level of public acceptance, farmer's adoption, and availability of BBF with acceptable prices. Finally, this study provides prospective research opportunities to help the development of BBFs.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Chemistry", "Fertiliser regulation", "13. Climate action", "TD169-171.8", "Future fertiliser", "Circular economy framework", "QD1-999", "Environmental protection", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scca.2023.100033"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Sustainable%20Chemistry%20for%20Climate%20Action", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scca.2023.100033", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scca.2023.100033", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scca.2023.100033"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.sbsr.2022.100541", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:26Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-11-21", "title": "Application of metal oxide semiconductor for detection of ammonia emissions from agricultural sources", "description": "Agricultural emissions of ammonia (NH3) reduce air quality and biodiversity. Measuring the effectiveness of mitigations measures requires rapid monitoring tools, however, conventional methods are labour intensive and costly. This study evaluated the performance of a prototype metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) gas sensor for monitoring NH3. Conventional methods were used to calibrate sensor conductance. The metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) gas sensor was calibrated against NH3 released from a 0.1\u00a0M phosphate buffer spiked with ammonium chloride and NH3 released from recently spread cattle slurry. Field measurements using the MOS sensor were compared with values measuring a Bruker Open Path Air Monitoring System. Sensor conductance and NH3 concentration were described using single site Langmuir adsorption model. Field calibrations suggest a higher detection limit above 0.1\u00a0ppm and coefficients of determination were 0.93 and 0.89 for sensors 1 and 2, respectively. For prototypes deployed under field conditions, sensitivities of 2.2 and 2.4 with nonlinearity constants of 0.53 and 0.51, were found for sensor 1 and 3 respectively. Average R2 values were 0.88 for sensor 1 and 0.92 for sensor 3. The calibrations were used to calculate NH3 concentrations from slurry emissions using MOS sensor conductance. NH3 concentrations between 0.2 and 1\u00a0ppm, were measured with standard deviation of 20% of verified concentrations. The MOS sensor is sensitive enough to detect NH3 emission from agricultural sources with concentrations above 0.2\u00a0ppm. Low power and cost of MOS sensors are an advantage over existing techniques.", "keywords": ["Emission", "Ammonia", "Calibration", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "TA1-2040", "Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)", "01 natural sciences", "Metal-oxide semiconductor", "Sensor", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Bastiaan Molleman, Enrico Alessi, Dominika Krol, Phoebe A. Morton, Karen Daly,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbsr.2022.100541"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Sensing%20and%20Bio-Sensing%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.sbsr.2022.100541", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.sbsr.2022.100541", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.sbsr.2022.100541"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scenv.2024.100062", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:26Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-01-05", "title": "Screening of ten different plants in the process of supercritical water gasification", "description": "It is important to know the limitations of the supercritical water gasification (SCWG) in terms of behavior of different biomasses, especially when determining whether SCWG is a suitable conversion process for a certain biomass. Ten different biomasses (eight different plant species, of which two were grown in two different sites) were processed to evaluate this aspect. Moist and dry, woody and grassy biomasses were gasified in the same experimental setup under similar conditions. Only small differences could be seen in the gasification experiments. The carbon gasification efficiency was 60.3\u00a0\u00b1\u00a05.1 %, the gas compositions were very similar. Solid deposits formed in all experiments in the same temperature zone of the reactor containing coke, salt building elements and heavy metals, sometimes leading to plugging. Nevertheless, an experimental duration of 6\u00a0h could be achieved for the dry biomasses. The experiment with the moist biomass Reed Canary Grass was ended early due to plugging of the feed tubing which is due to the different size reduction procedure for moist biomasses resulting in bigger biomass particles. This emphasizes the importance of sufficient size reduction prior to the experiment. Potassium addition as a homogeneous catalyst, in form of potassium hydroxide, has proven to be beneficial regarding gasification efficiency, but poses a threat regarding plugging due to salt deposits in the system.", "keywords": ["Technology", "ddc:600", "600", "02 engineering and technology", "Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering", "7. Clean energy", "6. Clean water", "Chemistry", "13. Climate action", "info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/600", "Biomass", "Homogeneous catalyst", "0204 chemical engineering", "0210 nano-technology", "QD1-999", "TD1-1066", "Supercritical water", "Hydrogen"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scenv.2024.100062"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Sustainable%20Chemistry%20for%20the%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scenv.2024.100062", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scenv.2024.100062", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scenv.2024.100062"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scienta.2009.06.030", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:26Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-07-23", "title": "Regulated Deficit Irrigation In Potted Dianthus Plants: Effects Of Severe And Moderate Water Stress On Growth And Physiological Responses", "description": "Open AccessThis work was supported by CICYT projects AGL 2005-05588-C02-1 and AGL 2005-05588-C02-2 and by the Consejer\u00eda de Agricultura y Agua de la Regi\u00f3n de Murcia, programme (UPCT-CEBAS-IMIDA.2005).", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "Potted floricultural crops", "Ornamental quality", "Water relations", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Stomatal conductance", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Regulated deficit irrigation", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2009.06.030"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Scientia%20Horticulturae", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scienta.2009.06.030", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scienta.2009.06.030", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scienta.2009.06.030"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scienta.2012.01.012", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:26Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-02-17", "title": "Comparative Effects Of Exogenous Glycine Betaine, Kaolin Clay Particles And Ambiol On Photosynthesis, Leaf Sclerophylly Indexes And Heat Load Of Olive Cv. Chondrolia Chalkidikis Under Drought", "description": "The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of exogenous application of kaolin clay particles, glycine betaine and Ambiol on olive (Olea europaea L.) plants subjected to drought stress. Two years old self-rooted cv. Chondrolia Chalkidikis olive trees were subjected to two irrigation regimes, i.e. the fully irrigated and the water stressed trees, while they were treated with the three pre-mentioned products. Drought decreased the relative water content, the actual water content and the succulence of leaves significantly, while leaf tissue density was increased. Carbon assimilation rate, stomatal conductance and intrinsic water use efficiency were significantly reduced under drought stress conditions, while intercellular CO2 increased. Among the alleviating products tested, kaolin clay particles had a significant positive effect on leaf water content, succulence, leaf tissue density and leaf temperature under both drought and well irrigated conditions. Glycine betaine and kaolin clay particles when applied to drought stressed trees, resulted in increased CO2 assimilation rates compared to control. Furthermore, kaolin clay particles treated leaves exhibited high diurnal CO2 assimilation rates under drought conditions. Based on the results of the present study, kaolin clay particles and glycine betaine proved to be the most effective, among the applied products, on alleviating the negative effects of drought stress.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2012.01.012"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Scientia%20Horticulturae", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scienta.2012.01.012", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scienta.2012.01.012", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scienta.2012.01.012"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scienta.2013.10.002", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:26Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-10-29", "title": "Influence Of Farmyard Manure Application And Mineral Fertilization On Yield Sustainability, Carbon Sequestration Potential And Soil Property Of Gardenpea\u2013French Bean Cropping System In The Indian Himalayas", "description": "Abstract   Sustainability of agricultural systems has become an important issue all over the world. Hence, sustainability and climate resilience of gardenpea\u2013french bean cropping system was evaluated by yield trends, C sequestration and emission reduction and soil properties as affected by four application rates of farmyard manure (FYM) (5\u201320\u00a0t\u00a0ha \u22121 )  vis-a-vis  mineral fertilization, integrated nutrient management (INM) practices as 50% recommended NPK\u00a0+\u00a0FYM at 5\u00a0t\u00a0ha \u22121  and un-amended control after six years of cropping in the Indian Himalayas. The highest sustainable yield index of 0.606 was achieved with the application of 20\u00a0t\u00a0FYM\u00a0ha \u22121  (FYM 20 ). The carbon sequestration potential of FYM 20  plots was about 459 and 193% more than NPK and INM plots, respectively. The same plots reduced 53 and 24% carbon equivalent emission with comparison to NPK and INM application, respectively. The soil cation exchange capacity (CEC) under FYM 20  plots was 22 and 11% higher than NPK and INM plots. The soil cracking volume under FYM 20  plots (57\u00a0cm 3 \u00a0m \u22122  area) was very less compared to NPK (324\u00a0cm 3 \u00a0m \u22122  area) and INM (154\u00a0cm 3 \u00a0m \u22122  area) plots. The morning soil temperature (0\u201315\u00a0cm depth) in coldest week of last year experimentation under FYM 20  plots was moderated by 0.60 and 0.47\u00a0\u00b0C than NPK and INM plots, respectively. Successive increase of FYM level improved soil organic C, microbial colony formation unit, dehydrogenase activity, bulk density and soil cracking surface area and the best values for all soil properties were recorded under FYM 20  plots. Application of 20\u00a0t\u00a0FYM\u00a0ha \u22121  produced 54 and 29% higher gardenpea equivalent pod yield of the system than mineral fertilization and INM, respectively. The principal component analysis revealed that soil CEC was the most important property (among the selected soil parameters) contributing to the pod yield. Soil organic carbon markedly improved other soil properties as evident from correlations. Organic production system with FYM 20\u00a0t\u00a0ha \u22121  could be recommended for climate resilient sustainable yield and better soil property of gardenpea\u2013french bean cropping system than mineral fertilization and INM in the Indian Himalayan regions.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2013.10.002"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Scientia%20Horticulturae", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scienta.2013.10.002", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scienta.2013.10.002", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scienta.2013.10.002"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scib.2018.01.018", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:26Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-01-31", "title": "Barium isotope cosmochemistry and geochemistry", "description": "While the isotopic variations of barium were reported for the first time fourty years ago, the number of studies on barium isotopes significantly increased only after 2010. Barium isotope anomalies in meteorites have been successfully used to provide constraints about the origin of presolar SiC grains. In carbonaceous chondrites Ba isotope anomalies are indicative of the heterogeneity of the early solar system, possibly resulting from of a later injection of material after the cooling of solar system. Barium isotope fractionation in the same carbonaceous chondrites suggests that a strong magnetic field was present in the innermost part of the early solar system. Barium mass-dependent isotope fractionation has also been detected throughout Earth surface materials. While igneous rocks show limited Ba isotopic variations, relatively large isotopic variations are observed amongst and within soils, rivers, and biological materials. Indeed, plants seem to fractionate Ba isotopes during Ba uptake from soil solutions. Therefore, Ba isotope signatures have the potential to provide clues on the biological cycling of Ba at the Earth surface. In seawater, Ba isotopic variations have been mapped out, and are mainly related to barite precipitation, which is in turn related to organic matter remineralization in the water column. This makes Ba isotopes a potentially powerful tool to reconstruct past ocean productivity, although constraints are still lacking regarding the inputs of dissolved Ba to the oceans by rivers or hydrothermalism.", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "[SDU.STU.GC] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry", "[SDU.OTHER] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Other", "01 natural sciences", "[SDU.ENVI] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", " environment", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Moynier, Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Moynier, Julien Bouchez, Quentin Charbonnier,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scib.2018.01.018"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20Bulletin", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scib.2018.01.018", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scib.2018.01.018", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scib.2018.01.018"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scienta.2010.10.011", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:26Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-11-20", "title": "Carbon Mineralization In The Soils Under Different Cover Crops And Residue Management In An Intensive Protected Vegetable Cultivation", "description": "Abstract   Continuous cropping under plastic greenhouses, a common practice in intensive Chinese vegetable production systems, has led to the decline of soil productivity and crop yields. A 4-year greenhouse experiment on cucumber double-cropping systems was conducted in Changping country, Beijing, China, to investigate the effects of summer cover crops and residue management on soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC), C mineralization and cucumber yield. The treatments included sweet corn with residue removal after harvest (SR), sweet corn with residue incorporation after harvest (SI), common bean with residue removal after harvest (CR), common bean with residue incorporation after harvest (CI), Garland chrysanthemum and edible amaranth as summer cover crops (GR), and bare fallow during the summer period (Control). The experiment was a randomized complete block design with three replicates. C mineralization was analyzed by trapping the respired CO2 using air-tight Mason jars containing NaOH vials. After 4 years of the trial, the treatments SR, SI and GR showed significantly (P", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Yongqiang Tian, Xuhui Wang, Lihong Gao, Juan Liu,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2010.10.011"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Scientia%20Horticulturae", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scienta.2010.10.011", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scienta.2010.10.011", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scienta.2010.10.011"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scienta.2013.02.010", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:26Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-03-07", "title": "Water Relations, Physiological Behavior And Antioxidant Defence Mechanism Of Olive Plants Subjected To Different Irrigation Regimes", "description": "Abstract   The effects of variable water supply were investigated in 50-year-old Olea europaea (cv \u201cKoroneiki\u201d) L. trees grown in an experimental orchard located in northwest Crete. The trees were subjected to four irrigation treatments: rainfed (RF), full irrigation (FI) with 100% of the crop evapotranspiration (Etc.) level and two deficit irrigation treatments, FRDI-fully irrigated, that received no irrigation water from July 12 to August 18 and DRDI-irrigated with 60% of ETc level, that received no irrigation water from July 12 to August 18. The effects of watering regime on soil moisture content, plant water status, gas exchange characteristics, chlorophyll content, antioxidant enzyme activities, i.e. superoxide dismutase (SOD; EC 1.15.1.1), catalase (CAT; EC 1.11.1.6), ascorbate peroxidase (APX; EC 1.11.1.11) and guaiacol peroxidase (GPX; EC 1.11.1.7) and on malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were evaluated. There were no marked differences between FI and FRDI treatments, except at the end of the no-watering period. On the contrary, stem water potential (\u03a8) was affected by the level of water supply, leading to reduced stomatal conductance (gs) and carbon assimilation rate (Pn) in DRDI treatment. DRDI plants exhibited a close relation between photosynthetic rate (Pn) and stomatal conductance (gs), suggesting that stomatal closure is the dominant limitation to photosynthesis. Chlorophyll degradation and enhanced synthesis of carotenoids assisted plant to maintain its physiological processes under the water deficit and high light conditions. Olive tree was able to restore stem water potential (\u03a8) after rewatering, and the recovery of leaf water status was coupled with an up-regulation of leaf gas exchange characteristics in DRDI plants. Leaves grown under rainfed conditions revealed signs of oxidative stress as indicated by the increased levels of lipid peroxidation, whereas irrigation mitigated the oxidative damage at leaf level in DRDI plants. Superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase and guaiacol peroxidase activity was increased in DRDI leaves, while catalase activity was inhibited. On the contrary, the lower expression of the enzymatic antioxidant system under rainfed conditions did not allow a better protection against a more pronounced oxidative stress.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2013.02.010"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Scientia%20Horticulturae", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scienta.2013.02.010", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scienta.2013.02.010", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scienta.2013.02.010"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scienta.2014.12.002", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:26Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-12-19", "title": "Impact Of Organic No-Till Vegetables Systems On Soil Organic Matter In The Atlantic Forest Biome", "description": "Abstract   Soil organic matter is widely recognized as a strategy used to improve soil quality and reduce carbon emissions to the atmosphere. A field study was carried out to investigate the effects of cover crops in organic no-till vegetables systems on changes in soil organic matter and CO 2  C emissions, in dry and rainy seasons. We hypothesized that CO 2  C emissions are higher in conventional till as compared with no-till, and that no-till increases soil C sink. The crop rotation comprised a 3-year cropping sequence involving two crops per year\u2014cabbage ( Brassica oleracea  L.) in winter and eggplant ( Solanum melongena  L.) in summer time. Treatments were no-till on dead mulch of grass ( Avena strigosa  Schreb. and  Zea mays  L.), leguminous ( Lupinus albus  L. and  Crotalaria juncea  L.), intercrop (grass and leguminous) and conventional till (no dead mulch) with rotary hoe arranged in a randomized block design on a clayey Oxisol (Typic Haplustox) at Domingos Martins-ES, Brazil. On 2012 and 2013, disturbed soil samples at three different layers (0\u20135, 5\u201315 and 15\u201330\u00a0cm) and undisturbed samples at 0\u201310, 10\u201320 and 20\u201330\u00a0cm, for chemical and organic matter characterization were taken. CO 2  C emissions and soil temperature were measured in situ on March, May, August and October 2012 and February 2013 (after 3 years of experiment). Conventional till site showed the lowest microporosity values and the highest macroporosity, followed by lower soil bulk density at 0\u201310\u00a0cm layer. Total organic C ranged from 34.94 to 50.48\u00a0g\u00a0kg \u22121  in intercrop and 27.11 to 43.74\u00a0g\u00a0kg \u22121  in conventional till. Total N ranged from 2.81 to 5.34\u00a0g\u00a0kg \u22121  in grass and 2.54 to 4.51\u00a0g\u00a0kg \u22121  in conventional till. Highest C stock was recorded in intercrop. Conventional till showed lower labile C values while recalcitrant C was higher in the intercrop treatment. The annual average of CO 2  C emissions (\u03bcmol\u00a0CO 2 \u00a0m \u22122 \u00a0s \u22121 ) followed the order: grass (15.89)\u00a0>\u00a0intercrop (13.77)\u00a0>\u00a0leguminous (13.09)\u00a0>\u00a0conventional till (11.20). Highest annual average of soil temperature was recorded in conventional till (23.95\u00a0\u00b0C). Lowest annual mean of soil water content, microbial biomass C, and highest metabolic quotient were recorded in conventional till. These results suggest that the use of cover crops and organic compost in pre-planting promote C increments. The contribution of organic residues increases the water holding capacity and reduces soil temperature. No-till reduces soil disturbance and promotes a positive balance of C. Organic no-till vegetable systems is a strategy to increase soil C and should be encouraged in order to increase soil quality in the Atlantic Forest Biome in Brazil.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2014.12.002"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Scientia%20Horticulturae", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scienta.2014.12.002", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scienta.2014.12.002", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scienta.2014.12.002"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:26Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-02-08", "title": "Light and substrate composition control root exudation rates at the initial stages of soilless lettuce cultivation", "description": "ABSTRACT<p>Plant root exudation is an inherent metabolic process that enhances various functions of the root system like the mobilization of nutrients and interactions with surrounding microbial communities. The role and extent of root exudation in soilless crop production is poorly investigated. Here, we analyzed soilless lettuce and show that the root exudation rate declines with plant age. Furthermore, the impact of light quality and substrate was assessed by growing soilless lettuce in 100% red light (660 nm), 100% blue light (450 nm), and white light (full-light spectrum) and in 100% perlite, 100% potting soil, or mixtures of both materials. Root exudates were collected at 10, 17 and 24 days after transplanting. The total carbon root exudation rate was influenced by light conditions and substrate composition at the earliest timepoint of the culture but not at later growth stages. The total carbohydrate exudation rate was significantly higher under pure blue and red light compared to white light. The impact of light depended on the presence of perlite in the substrate. The total phenolic compound exudation rate was most strongly influenced by the substrate composition and reached the highest level in either pure potting soil or pure perlite. These findings underscore the importance of root exudation during the initial stages of development. Light and growing media influence the exudation rate at this early stage, suggesting that exudation is an adaptive process of the soilless lettuce culture.</p>HIGHLIGHT<p>At an initial stage of development, soilless lettuce exudation rates are high and modulated by light and substrate composition, whereas older plants show lower rates that are not influenced by these environmental conditions.</p", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "15. Life on land", "Research Paper"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Scientia%20Horticulturae", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-05-31T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.02.048", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-03-25", "title": "Heavy Metal Content In Ash Of Energy Crops Growing In Sewage-Contaminated Natural Wetlands: Potential Applications In Agriculture And Forestry?", "description": "One of the greatest current challenges is to find cost-effective and eco-friendly solutions to the ever increasing needs of modern society. Some plant species are suitable for a multitude of biotechnological applications such as bioenergy production and phytoremediation. A sustainable practice is to use energy crops to clean up polluted lands or to treat wastewater in constructed wetlands without claiming further arable land for biofuel production. However, the disposal of combustion by-products may add significant costs to the whole process, especially when it deals with toxic waste. This study aimed to investigate the possibility of recycling ash from energy biomass as a fertilizer for agriculture and forestry. In particular, the concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Pb and Zn were analyzed in the plant tissues and corresponding ash of the grasses Phragmites australis and Arundo donax, collected in an urban stream affected by domestic sewage. Results showed that the metal concentration in ash is 1.5-3 times as high as the values in plant tissues. However, metal enriched ash showed much lower element concentrations than the legal limits for ash reutilization in agriculture and forestry. This study found that biomass ash from constructed wetlands may be considered as a potential fertilizer rather than hazardous waste. Energy from biomass can be a really sustainable and clean option not only through the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, but also through ash recycling for beneficial purposes, thus minimizing the negative impacts of disposal.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Sewage", "Agriculture", "Forestry", "Incineration", "15. Life on land", "Poaceae", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "bionenergy; ashes; reeds", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "Biodegradation", " Environmental", "Italy", "13. Climate action", "Biofuels", "Metals", " Heavy", "Wetlands", "Ash; Constructed wetlands; Energy biomass; Macrophytes; Recycling; Trace elements", "11. Sustainability", "Soil Pollutants", "Biomass", "Fertilizers", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.iris.unict.it/bitstream/20.500.11769/16444/1/Ash_Science_2013.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.02.048"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.02.048", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.02.048", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.02.048"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.09.032", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:26Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-12-15", "title": "Differences In Cd And Zn Bioaccumulation For The Flood-Tolerant Salix Cinerea Rooting In Seasonally Flooded Contaminated Sediments", "description": "Several authors suggest that a hydrological regime aiming at wetland creation is a potential management option that favours reducing bioavailability for metal-contaminated sites. The hydrological conditions on a site constitute one of the many factors that may affect the availability of potentially toxic trace metals for uptake by plants. Bioavailability of Cd, Mn and Zn on a contaminated dredged sediment landfill (DSL) with variable duration of submersion was evaluated by measuring metal concentrations in the wetland plant species Salix cinerea in field conditions. Longer submersion periods in the field caused lower Cd and Zn concentrations in the leaves in the first weeks of the growing season. Foliar Cd and Zn concentrations at the end of the growing season were highest on the initially flooded plot that emerged early in the growing season. Foliar Zn concentrations were also high at a sandy-textured oxic plot with low soil metal concentrations. Zn uptake in the leaves was markedly slower than Cd uptake for trees growing on soils with prolonged waterlogging during the growing season, pointing at a different availability. Zn availability was lowest when soil was submerged, but metal transfer from stems and twigs to leaves may mask the lower availability of Cd in submerged soils. Especially for Cd, a transfer effect from one growing season to the next season was observed: oxic conditions at the end of the previous growing season seem to determine at least partly the foliar concentrations for S. cinerea through this metal transfer mechanism. Duration of the submersion period is a key factor for bioavailability inasmuch as initially submerged soils emerging only in the second half of the growing season resulted in elevated Cd and Zn foliar concentrations at that time.", "keywords": ["Geologic Sediments", "Plant Stems", "Salix", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Disasters", "Plant Leaves", "13. Climate action", "Metals", " Heavy", "Soil Pollutants", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Seasons", "Sulfur", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.09.032"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.09.032", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.09.032", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.09.032"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.08.031", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:26Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-10-05", "title": "Labile Substrates Quality As The Main Driving Force Of Microbial Mineralization Activity In A Poplar Plantation Soil Under Elevated Co2 And Nitrogen Fertilization", "description": "Soil carbon (C) long term storage is influenced by the balance among ecosystem net primary productivity (NPP), the rate of delivery of new organic matter to soil pools and the decomposition of soil organic matter (SOM). The increase of NPP under elevated CO(2) can result in a greater production and higher turnover of fine roots or root exudation and, in turn, in an increase of labile C belowground. The aim of this work was to detect if changes in labile C substrates influenced the organic C storage in soils, verifying (i) whether treatments with elevated CO(2) and N fertilization induced changes in the amount and quality of labile C pools and in microbial C immobilization and (ii) whether these changes provoked modifications in the microbial C mineralization activity, and therefore changes in soil C losses. The effect of elevated CO(2) was a significant increase in both seasons (June and October 2004), of all labile C fractions: microbial biomass C (MBC), K(2)SO(4) extractable C (ExC), and water soluble C (WSC). The C/N ratio of the microbial biomass and of the K(2)SO(4) extractable SOM presented a seasonal fluctuation showing higher values in June, whereas the elevated CO(2) increased significantly the C/N ratio of these fractions independent of the season and the N addition, indicating a lower quality of labile SOM. Microbial respiration was more than doubled in October compared to June, confirming that changes in substrate quality and nutrient availability, occurring in the plantation at the beginning and at the end of the vegetative period, influenced the microbial activity in the bulk soil. Furthermore, the microbial respiration response to N fertilization was dependent on the season, with an opposite effect between June and October. The kinetic parameters calculated according to the first-order equation C(m)=C(0)(1-e(-kt)) were unaffected by elevated CO(2) treatment, except C(0)k and MR(basal), that showed a significant reduction, ascribable to (i) a lower quality of labile pools, and (ii) a more efficient microbial biomass in the use of available substrates. The C surplus found in elevated CO(2) soils was indeed immobilized and used for microbial growth, thus excluding a priming effect mechanism of elevated CO(2) on SOM decomposition.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Nitrates", "Nitrogen", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Carbon", "6. Clean water", "Quaternary Ammonium Compounds", "Soil", "Populus", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Fertilizers", "Soil Microbiology", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.08.031"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.08.031", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.08.031", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.08.031"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.08.033", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:26Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-10-05", "title": "Changes In Lead Availability Affect Bacterial Community Structure But Not Basal Respiration In A Microcosm Study With Forest Soils", "description": "This study investigates the effects of Pb during time on the bacterial communities of forest soils using water-extractable Pb concentrations in the soil solution as predictors of Pb bioavailability. In a microcosm experiment we applied increasing concentrations of Pb(NO(3))(2) solutions (0.5, 2, 8, 32 mM) to 5 forest soils of pH<5 and to a calcareous soil of pH>6.5. Sampling of the microcosms was performed after 3, 30 and 90 days of incubation. Community analysis included basal respiration rates and changes in the structure of the bacterial communities through T-RFLP fingerprinting. We also investigated functional stability in terms of resistance, expressed as the effects on basal respiration after 3 days of incubation, and of resilience, expressed as the recovery of bacterial community structure and of respiration rates after 90 days of incubation. Water-extractable Pb increased with time in most of the soils, in parallel with an increase of water-extractable dissolved organic carbon (DOC). The increased concentrations slightly affected bacterial community structure, although OTU (operational taxonomic unit) richness was not significantly reduced with Pb concentrations in any of the soils. The highest Pb treatment (32 mM) caused significant effects on basal respiration in some of the acidic soils, but no clear trend was observed in relation to increased Pb bioavailability with time. Resistance to Pb additions was evident in five of the six soils, but only two showed resilience after 90 days. This is the first study showing the effects of time on Pb bioavailability in soils and on the resulting reactions of the soil microbial communities.", "keywords": ["DNA", " Bacterial", "Nitrates", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Models", " Biological", "6. Clean water", "Trees", "Oxygen", "RNA", " Bacterial", "Soil", "Lead", "RNA", " Ribosomal", " 16S", "Soil Pollutants", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Ecosystem", "Soil Microbiology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.08.033"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.08.033", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.08.033", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.08.033"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.12.026", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-01-17", "title": "Nitrous Oxide Emissions From An Intensively Cultivated Maize\u2013Wheat Rotation Soil In The North China Plain", "description": "N2O emissions from a maize-wheat rotation field were monitored in the Fengqiu State Key Agro-Ecological Experimental Station (Fengqiu County, Henan Province, China) from June 2004 to June 2005. The experiment included four treatments: a bare (crop-absent) soil treated with 150 kg N ha-1 (WN150) and soils fertilized with 0 (N0), 150 (N150), and 250 (N250) kg N ha-1 and cropped with maize or wheat. The bulk of the N2O emissions occurred in pulses following the application of fertilizer N at soil temperatures of 15 degrees C or more. The application of fertilizer N significantly increased the N2O emission, from 636 g N2O-N ha-1 year-1 in the N0 treatment to 4480 g N2O-N ha-1 year-1 in the N250 treatment. However, this increase primarily occurred during the maize growing season. The emission factor of applied fertilizer N as N2O was 1.05-1.34% and 0.24-0.26% during the 105-day maize and 241-day wheat growing seasons, respectively, and was on average 0.61-0.77%. Increasing the rate of fertilizer application increased the emission factor during the maize growing season. The presence of maize appears to increase N2O emission by 45% versus bare soil during the maize growing season. And, N2O emission during the maize season were significantly related to CO2 production (R=0.43-0.81, n=30, P<0.05). N2O emission was greatly affected by soil moisture during the maize growing season and by soil temperature during the wheat growing season. The maximum rates of nitrification occurred when soil moisture was in the range of 45-60% WFPS, with the optimum value being approximately 50%. However, soil moisture influenced N2O emission only when the soil temperature was at the optimum level. It is suggested that reducing the application rate of basal fertilizer N during the maize growing season could decrease N2O emission.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Air Pollutants", "China", "Nitrous Oxide", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Zea mays", "6. Clean water", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Seasons", "Weather", "Triticum", "Environmental Monitoring"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.12.026"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.12.026", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.12.026", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.12.026"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170971", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-02-24", "title": "Stabilization of PFAS-contaminated soil with sewage sludge- and wood-based biochar sorbents", "description": "Sustainable and effective remediation technologies for the treatment of soil contaminated with per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are greatly needed. This study investigated the effects of waste-based biochars on the leaching of PFAS from a sandy soil with a low total organic carbon content (TOC) of 0.57\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.04\u00a0% impacted by PFAS from aqueous film forming foam (AFFF) dispersed at a former fire-fighting facility. Six different biochars (pyrolyzed at 700-900\u00a0\u00b0C) were tested, made from clean wood chips (CWC), waste timber (WT), activated waste timber (aWT), two digested sewage sludges (DSS-1 and DSS-2) and de-watered raw sewage sludge (DWSS). Up-flow column percolation tests (15\u00a0days and 16 pore volume replacements) with 1\u00a0% biochar indicated that the dominant congener in the soil, perfluorooctane sulphonic acid (PFOS) was retained best by the aWT biochar with a 99.9\u00a0% reduction in the leachate concentration, followed by sludge-based DWSS (98.9\u00a0%) and DSS-2 and DSS-1 (97.8\u00a0% and 91.6\u00a0%, respectively). The non-activated wood-based biochars (CWC and WT) on the other hand, reduced leaching by <42.4\u00a0%. Extrapolating this to field conditions, 90\u00a0% leaching of PFOS would occur after 15 y for unamended soil, and after 1200 y and 12,000 y, respectively, for soil amended with 1\u00a0% DWSS-amended and aWT biochar. The high effectiveness of aWT and the three sludge-based biochars in reducing PFAS leaching from the soil was attributed largely to high porosity in a pore size range (>1.5\u00a0nm) that can accommodate the large PFAS molecules (>1.02-2.20\u00a0nm) combined with a high affinity to the biochar matrix. Other factors like anionic exchange capacity could play a contributing role. Sorbent effectiveness was better for long-chain than for short-chain PFAS, due to weaker, apolar interactions between the biochar and the latter's shorter hydrophobic CF2-tails. The findings were the first to demonstrate that locally sourced activated wood-waste biochars and non-activated sewage sludge biochars could be suitable sorbents for the ex situ stabilization and in situ remediation of PFAS-contaminated soil, bringing this technology one step closer to full-scale field testing.", "keywords": ["Soil stabilization", "Fluorocarbons", "Sorbent", "Sewage", "PFAS", "Water", "Wood", "Chemistry", "Soil", "Alkanesulfonic Acids", "Other Forestry and Forest Sciences", "Charcoal", "Column tests", "Environmental Chemistry", "Soil Pollutants", "Waste-based biochar"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/context/chemistry_fac_pubs/article/1295/viewcontent/Goranov_2024_StabilizationofPFASContaminatedSoilWith.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170971"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170971", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170971", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170971"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5846/stxb201201140085", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "unspecified", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:26:16Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-05-23", "description": "Typical steppe is a type of grassland which forms in inland temperate semi-arid climatic conditions,where xerophytic perennial bush grasses,especially Stipa spp.,dominate.Grassland ecosystems are one of the largest terrestrial ecosystems affected by human activities.It is important to study the impact of different types of disturbance on the biodiversity and biomass of grasslands ecosystems during restoration and reconstruction work.Exclosures,grazing,fertilization and burning are four major types of anthropogenic disturbance occurring in grassland ecosystems,and have very important impacts on them.To provide a scientific basis for the protection of grassland biodiversity and the sustainable use of grasslands,the influences of different disturbances on the characteristics of above-ground vegetation were studied in a typical steppe in the loess region of China based on the field investigation and monitoring.We established plots representing four different types of treatments: exclosure(E),exclosure plus fertilization(EF),exclosure plus burning(EB) and grazing(G).All plots had the same soil type,topography and hydrological conditions.During the entire experiment,we determined total coverage,vegetation height,individual density,aboveground biomass and diversity of the plant community in each plot.Our results show the dominant vegetation community type of G plots is Agropyron cristatum+Potentilla acaulis+Artemisia sacrorum,a community which is the result of long-term grazing.The dominant vegetation community type of the E plots is Stipa grandis+Poa sphondylodes+Medicago ruthenica,a result of fencing.The dominant vegetation community type of the EF plots is Carex duriuscula+Stipa bungeana+Stipa grandis.The dominant vegetation community type of the EB plots is Artemisia sacrorum+Stipa bungeana+Stipa grandis.The different disturbance regimes strongly influenced community diversity and biomass.To be more specific,total coverage,above-ground biomass and the dominance indices were all at the highest level in the EF treatments in four types of treatments.This may attributed to grass species which play a dominant role in this community.Also,with low evenness and diversity indices,this result was consistent with niche theory which states differences among species in their environmental tolerances,niche requirements,and competitive abilities determine coexistence.Total coverage,height and aboveground biomass were all lowest for the G treatment,while community richness and diversity indices were higher for G than other three treatments.This result supports the intermediate disturbance hypothesis which states that biodiversity will be greatest in communities subjected to moderate levels of disturbance.Only the individual density and evenness index was higher with the E treatment than with the other treatments.Thus we can document the trend for biomass as EF EB E G.These demonstrate long-term exclosure is a severe type of disturbance in grassland ecosystems.Also,the community richness indices(R and Ma) showed a certain tendency within these four treatments: G EF EB E and community evenness indices(Jsw and Ea) could be sequenced in the order of E G EB EF.Meanwhile,the order of diversity indices(H\u2032 and D) was as follows: G E EB EF,while the dominance index was opposite the order of diversity index.Finally,there was negative correlation between community productivity and Shannon-Wiener and Simpson indices,which can be explained by interactions between root and shoot competition.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "13. Climate action", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5846/stxb201201140085"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Acta%20Ecologica%20Sinica", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5846/stxb201201140085", "name": "item", "description": "10.5846/stxb201201140085", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5846/stxb201201140085"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.12.066", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:26Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-03-11", "title": "Assessment Of Lead Availability In Contaminated Soil Using Isotope Dilution Techniques", "description": "Isotope dilution methods using a stable isotope tracer ((207)Pb) were developed for the determination of Pb availability in contaminated soils. The methods included determination of E values (isotopically exchangeable pool), L values (plant labile pool) and isotopic exchange kinetics (IEK). Isotopically exchangeable Pb was monitored at different exchange times based on measurement of the (207)Pb/(208)Pb ratio in soil solution following addition of the tracer. The rate of decrease in the (207)Pb/(208)Pb ratio in solution could be described by using the same IEK equation as used previously with radioisotope tracers. The amounts of isotopically exchangeable Pb in Pb-contaminated soils estimated from long-term IEK parameters were in good agreement with directly determined E values up to 15 days. However, values of some of the fitted IEK parameters cast doubts on the validity of using the IEK approach with (207)Pb, most probably as a result of irreversible fixation of some of the spike by reactive surfaces in the soils. Estimation of isotopically exchangeable Pb using short-term kinetics data was unsuccessful, substantially underestimating E values. Results for the control (uncontaminated) soil were highly variable, most probably as a result of fixation of tracer by the soil and poor analytical precision due to low solution Pb concentrations. A compartmental analysis of the variation in E values with time indicates a good potential for estimating bioavailable Pb in contaminated soils. The amounts of available Pb obtained from summation of the E(1)(min) and E(1 min-24 h) pools (E((available))), accounting for an average of 57.62% of total soil Pb, were significantly correlated with both the L values and with Pb extracted from soil with EDTA.", "keywords": ["Isotopes", "Lead", "Indicator Dilution Techniques", "Soil Pollutants", "01 natural sciences", "Edetic Acid", "6. Clean water", "Chelating Agents", "Environmental Monitoring", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.12.066"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.12.066", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.12.066", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.12.066"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.08.032", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:26Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-09-27", "title": "Seasonal Variations In Decomposition Processes In A Valley-Bottom Riparian Peatland", "description": "A year-long field survey was carried out at a valley-bottom riparian peatland site in North Wales, UK from January 2002 to December 2002 to examine the seasonal variation of decomposition processes and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations. Peat temperature, physicochemistry, organic carbon pools, basal CO(2) respiration and extracellular enzyme activities (beta-glucosidase, phosphatase, sulphatase and phenol oxidase) were monitored monthly. The results of a principle component eigenanalysis of field data show that concentrations of basal CO(2) respiration, soil solution DOC and phenolics were positively correlated to soil temperature (P<0.01, F=12.25; P<0.001, F=59.8; P<0.001, F=141.27) with Q(10) responses of 2.29, 6.42 and 14.42, respectively. Extracellular enzyme activities, however, were more strongly associated with seasonal changes in ion concentrations and did not correspond significantly to temperature alone suggesting limitations attributable to a combination of continuous anaerobiosis and/or the suppressive compounds. Restraints on soil enzyme activities may limit the loss of CO(2) from the microbial community that is dependent on soil enzyme activities for nutrient availability. The seasonal effect of temperature on DOC may be explained by increased plant rhizodeposition and microbial activity. These results do not imply that the long-term increasing trend in DOC export is explainable by temperature increase but suggest that temperature may be a key factor regulating the seasonal variation in DOC concentrations. Thus, seasonal temperature effects on DOC may represent an important component of long-term models of DOC export.", "keywords": ["Wales", "phenolics", "Climate", "beta-Glucosidase", "Temperature", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "DOC", "Carbon Dioxide", "Hydrogen-Ion Concentration", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Carbon", "Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases", "Soil", "Phenols", "13. Climate action", "basal respiration", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "peatland", "Seasons", "Sulfatases", "soil enzymes", "Soil Microbiology", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.08.032"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.08.032", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.08.032", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.08.032"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.08.034", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-10-05", "title": "Dynamics Of Methane Emissions From A Freshwater Marsh Of Northeast China", "description": "In this paper, CH(4) flux was measured from Nov. 2002 to Oct. 2005, to estimate CH(4) emissions in winter and during freeze-thaw period, and interannual variation in CH(4) emissions in freshwater marsh in northeast China. The results showed that there was an obvious CH(4) emission (0.1-2.3 mg m(-2) h(-1)) in the freshwater marsh in winter. Flux of CH(4) in winter (November to March the next year) was about 3.8%, 5.5%, and 2.2% of the whole year in 2003, 2004, and 2005, respectively. Emission of CH(4) significantly increased during the freeze-thaw period (April-June), and was about 30.8%, 20.9%, and 20.6% of the whole year in 2003, 2004, and 2005, respectively. Standing water depth greatly governed interannual variation of CH(4) emissions from marshes during the thaw-freeze period. Interannual variation of CH(4) emissions was significant during the growing season (p<0.05). Standing water depth during April to June was a primary factor, which affected the interannual variation of CH(4) flux during the growing season. Precipitation during the preceding non-growing season affected CH(4) emission indirectly via standing water depth.", "keywords": ["Air Pollutants", "China", "13. Climate action", "Wetlands", "Fresh Water", "Seasons", "Methane", "01 natural sciences", "Environmental Monitoring", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Changchun Song, Wen-yan Yang, Jin-bo Zhang,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.08.034"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.08.034", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.08.034", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.08.034"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.01.033", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-03-29", "title": "Variations Of Organic Carbon Stock In Reclaimed Estuarine Soils (Villaviciosa Estuary, Nw Spain)", "description": "A study was carried out in the Villaviciosa Estuary (Asturias, NW Spain) to determine the effects of polderization on soil properties and soil organic carbon content. The results showed that the polderized soils were more acidic and contained less carbonates and a higher soil organic carbon (SOC) content than the natural soils. The organic carbon stock in the reclaimed soils ranged from 83.2 to 91.8 t ha(-1), whereas in natural soils was approximately 43.7 t ha(-1). The degree of humification of the surface humic acids also indicated that the stability and degree of decomposition of the organic matter was higher in the reclaimed soils than in natural soils.", "keywords": ["Polderization", "Soil organic carbon", "Soil ripening", "Estuary", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.01.033"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.01.033", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.01.033", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.01.033"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.07.048", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-09-18", "title": "Impact Of Different Tillage Practices On Molecular Characteristics Of Humic Acids In A Long-Term Field Experiment \u2014 An Application Of Three Different Spectroscopic Methods", "description": "The present paper describes changes in soil organic carbon (SOC) and extractable humic acids (HAs) in a long-term field experiment with different tillage treatments (minimum tillage (MT), reduced tillage (RT) and conventional tillage (CT)). This field experiment is located in the east of Vienna in a Pannonian climate and it was started in 1988. The methodological approach included elemental analyses, FT-IR, 13C NMR and fluorimetric measurements. Both MT and RT revealed significant depth gradients of yields of extractable HAs. In CT no depth gradient was observable, neither for HA yields nor for observed molecular characteristics. This indicated a destruction of the gradient by mixing of the soil in CT. Especially MT showed an increase of aromatic moieties with depth, suggesting an increased humification of HAs in the lower soil layers. Gradients with similar trends were indicated for the carbonylic, the amidic and probably the hydroxylic groups in HAs extracted from MT and RT samples. The data revealed with FT-IR and solid-state 13C NMR spectroscopy were convincing, plausible and meaningful, the highly sensitive fluorescence spectroscopy was limited because of strong quenching by inner filter effects, compromising data reliability. However, the fluorescence results based on a defined HAs concentration (and comparing soils from the same site) were in line with results from the other methods (13C NMR and FT-IR). As a consequence, the influence of tillage treatments can be followed by absence or presence of depth gradients of the according molecular characteristics in extracted HAs.", "keywords": ["Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "13. Climate action", "Austria", "Soil Pollutants", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Fluorometry", "Cities", "Humic Substances", "Environmental Monitoring", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.07.048"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.07.048", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.07.048", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.07.048"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.08.045", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-09-23", "title": "Application Of Temporal Temperature Gradient Gel Electrophoresis For Characterisation Of Fungal Endophyte Communities Of Salix Caprea L. In A Heavy Metal Polluted Soil", "description": "Fungal endophytes can affect the heavy metal uptake of their host plants and increase the tolerance of their host plants to heavy metal stress. Therefore, in the present study, a wide-range screening of the fungal endophyte communities was conducted to determine the fungal distribution and diversity on S. caprea roots on a metal polluted site. Fungal communities were screened using amplification with the 5.8S-ITS2-28S part of the rDNA operon, with the resulting amplicons analysed by temporal temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (TTGE) and sequencing. This technique is reproducible and shows good coverage of ascomycete and basidiomycete taxa, as 68% and 32% of all of the sequences, respectively. No clear shift in fungal ITS-TTGE profiles from S. caprea roots was seen along the secondary succession stages. Ascomycetes dominated the more polluted plots, while there was a greater diversity of basidiomycetes in the less polluted and control plots, suggesting greater tolerance of ascomycetes in comparison with basidiomycete fungi. The high diversity of DSEs was confirmed at the highly metal-enriched locations, with species belonging to the genera Phialophora, Phialocephala and Leptodontidium. Furthermore, the DSE colonisation of S. caprea roots and the frequency of the sequences showing affinity towards DSE genus Phialophora, showed good correspondence with soil Pb, Cd and plant-available P concentrations, possibly indicating that DSEs improve metal tolerance of willows to high heavy metal contamination.", "keywords": ["Electrophoresis", " Agar Gel", "0301 basic medicine", "dark septate endophytes", "Fungi", "Temperature", "mycorrhiza", "Salix", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "info:eu-repo/classification/udc/581", "15. Life on land", "heavy metal pollution", "community fingerprinting", "Soil", "03 medical and health sciences", "13. Climate action", "Metals", " Heavy", "Soil Pollutants", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "DNA", " Fungal", "Phylogeny", "Environmental Monitoring"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.08.045"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.08.045", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.08.045", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.08.045"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.11.002", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-11-19", "title": "Effects Of Water Regime During Rice-Growing Season On Annual Direct N2o Emission In A Paddy Rice-Winter Wheat Rotation System In Southeast China", "description": "Annual paddy rice-winter wheat rotation constitutes one of the typical cropping systems in southeast China, in which various water regimes are currently practiced during the rice-growing season, including continuous flooding (F), flooding-midseason drainage-reflooding (F-D-F), and flooding-midseason drainage-reflooding and moisture but without waterlogging (F-D-F-M). We conducted a field experiment in a rice-winter wheat rotation system to gain an insight into the water regime-specific emission factors and background emissions of nitrous oxide (N(2)O) over the whole annual cycle. While flooding led to an unpronounced N(2)O emission during the rice-growing season, it incurred substantial N(2)O emission during the following non-rice season. During the non-rice season, N(2)O fluxes were, on average, 2.61 and 2.48 mg N(2)O-Nm(-)(2) day(-1) for the 250 kg N ha(-1) applied plots preceded by the F and F-D-F water regimes, which are 56% and 49% higher than those by the F-D-F-M water regime, respectively. For the annual rotation system experienced by continuous flooding during the rice-growing season, the relationship between N(2)O emission and nitrogen input predicted the emission factor and background emission of N(2)O to be 0.87% and 1.77 kg N(2)O-Nha(-1), respectively. For the plots experienced by the water regimes of F-D-F and F-D-F-M, the emission factors of N(2)O averaged 0.97% and 0.85%, with background N(2)O emissions of 2.00 kg N(2)O-Nha(-1) and 1.61 kg N(2)O-Nha(-1) for the annual rotation system, respectively. Annual direct N(2)O-N emission was estimated to be 98.1 Gg yr(-1) in Chinese rice-based cropping systems in the 1990s, consisting of 32.3 Gg during the rice-growing season and 65.8 Gg during the non-rice season, which accounts for 25-35% of the annual total emission from croplands in China.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Air Pollutants", "China", "Nitrogen Dioxide", "Agriculture", "Oryza", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Floods", "6. Clean water", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Seasons", "Fertilizers", "Triticum", "Environmental Monitoring"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.11.002"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.11.002", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.11.002", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.11.002"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.04.003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-05-09", "title": "Soil Management Systems And Short Term Co2 Emissions In A Clayey Soil In Southern Spain", "description": "The soil in general and that destined for agricultural use, more specifically, can act as a source or sink of carbon, hence its direct involvement in strategies for mitigating climate change. A large proportion of this mitigation potential is produced by the sequestration of carbon by soils and, to a lesser extent, by a reduction in emissions from the soil. The most effective practices for increasing the organic carbon in the soils are generally those linked to conservation agriculture, which includes practices of no tillage or minimum tillage and the use of cover crops. During the farming seasons of 2006/07, 2007/08, 2008/09 and 2009/10, a trial was conducted in which the carbon dioxide emissions in soil with a high percentage of clay in the Vega de Carmona (Seville) were estimated, and it was determined how climate conditions and the adoption of conservation agriculture practices vs. the use of traditional tillage influenced the flux of gas into the atmosphere.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.04.003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.04.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.04.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.04.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.176720", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-10-07", "title": "Environmental and socio-economic evaluation of a groundwater bioremediation technology using social Cost-Benefit Analysis: Application to an in-situ metal(loid) precipitation case study", "description": "Bioremediation can be an alternative or complementary approach to conventional soil and water treatment technologies. Determining the environmental and socio-economic impacts of bioremediation is important but rarely addressed. This work presents a comprehensive sustainability assessment for a specific groundwater bioremediation case study based on In-situ Metal(loid) Precipitation (ISMP) by conducting a social Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) using two different approaches: environmental Life Cycle Costing (eLCC) and Impact Pathway Approach (IPA). Externalities are calculated in two ways: i) using Environmental Prices (EP) to monetize Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) results and metal(loid)s removed at field scale, and ii) following the IPA steps to determine the social costs avoided by removing arsenic contamination at full scale. The results show that, in the baseline scenario, the project is not socio-economically viable in both cases as the Net Present Value (NPV) is -129,512.61 \u20ac and\u00a0-\u00a0415,185,140 \u20ac respectively. Sensitivity and scenario analyses are performed to identify the key parameters and actions needed to reach a positive NPV. For instance, increasing the amount of water treated per year to 90 m3 and assuming a 20\u00a0% increase in operation costs and a 60\u00a0% increase in construction costs can make the project socio-economically viable at the field scale, while a reduction in the social discount rate from a 4\u00a0% to a 2\u00a0% can lead to a positive NPV at the full scale. The approaches proposed in this work may be useful for practitioners and policymakers when evaluating the environmental and socio-economic impacts of bioremediation technologies at different scales and regions, as well as human health impacts caused by contaminants at the current legal limits.", "keywords": ["Bioqu\u00edmica", "570", "550", "Environmental Life Cycle Costing", "Cost-Benefit Analysis", "Life Cycle Assessment", "Biochemistry", "Biorremediaci\u00f3n", "Water Purification", "Biodegradation", " Environmental", "Metals", "mpact Pathway Approach", "Social Cost-Benefit Analysis", "Groundwater", "Bioremediation", "Water Pollutants", " Chemical"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Ib\u00e1\u00f1ez, Jes\u00fas, P\u00e9rez-de-Mora, Alfredo, Santiago-Herrera, Mario, Belloncle, Benjamine, de Wilde, Herwig, Martel-Mart\u00edn, Sonia, Blanco-Alc\u00e1ntara, David, Barros, Roc\u00edo,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.176720"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.176720", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.176720", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.176720"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.05.011", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-06-08", "title": "Biochar For The Mitigation Of Nitrate Leaching From Soil Amended With Biosolids", "description": "Countries with sewage treatment plants produce on average 27 kg of dried biosolids/person/yr. Concerns about nitrate leaching limit the rate at which biosolids are added to soil. We sought to determine whether biochar, a form of charcoal that is added to soil, could reduce nitrate leaching from biosolids amended soil. We set up 24 (0.5 m \u00d7 0.75 m) lysimeters, filled with two soil types (Templeton Silt Loam and Ashley Dene silt loam) and amended with combinations of biochar (102 t/ha equivalent) and biosolids (600 and 1200 kg N/ha equivalent). Pasture and leachates were sampled over 5 months. Nitrate leaching from biochar plus biosolids amended soils were reduced to levels at or below the control treatments. Pasture N concentrations were similarly affected by biochar addition. Future research should focus on unravelling the mechanism responsible for the change in the nitrogen cycle in soils amended with biosolids and biochar.", "keywords": ["Nitrates", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Nitrogen Cycle", "Plants", "15. Life on land", "Waste Disposal", " Fluid", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "13. Climate action", "Charcoal", "Soil Pollutants", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Environmental Restoration and Remediation", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.05.011"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.05.011", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.05.011", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.05.011"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2006.04.003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:54Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-06-07", "title": "Soil Management Changes Organic Carbon Pools In Alpine Pastureland Soils", "description": "Abstract   Unsustainable use and management of alpine pastureland for grazing and hay could reduce large pools of C stored in soils. We measured total organic C, total N, organic C associated with particle-size fractions, dissolved organic C and microbial biomass and activity at three soil depths under annual oats cultivated for hay for 28 years, introduced perennial pasture (8 years after establishment) and native pasture at an alpine site in western China.  Compared with native pasture, the soil under annual oats had 26\u201342% lower total organic C and total N at different depths. In perennial pasture, total organic C and total N decreased by 10\u201318%, but only at 0\u201310\u00a0cm depth. Native pasture contained 19, 6.3 and 4.1\u00a0g of coarse organic C (0.1\u20132\u00a0mm size) per kg soil at 0\u201310, 10\u201320 and 20\u201330\u00a0cm depths, respectively. Corresponding amounts of fine organic C (0.05\u20130.1\u00a0mm size) were 3.2, 1.9 and 1.3\u00a0g\u00a0kg\u22121 soil, and those of stable organic C (", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2006.04.003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2006.04.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2006.04.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2006.04.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.05.029", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-06-10", "title": "Greenhouse Gas Emissions Under Conservation Agriculture Compared To Traditional Cultivation Of Maize In The Central Highlands Of Mexico", "description": "In 1991, the 'International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center' (CIMMYT) started a field experiment in the rain fed Mexican highlands to investigate conservation agriculture (CA) as a sustainable alternative for conventional maize production practices (CT). CT techniques, characterized by deep tillage, monoculture and crop residue removal, have deteriorated soil fertility and reduced yields. CA, which combines minimum tillage, crop rotations and residue retention, restores soil fertility and increases yields. Soil organic matter increases in CA compared to CT, but increases in greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) in CA might offset the gains obtained to mitigate global warming. Therefore, CO(2), CH(4) and N(2)O emissions, soil temperature, C and water content were monitored in CA and CT treatments in 2010-2011. The cumulative GHG emitted were similar for CA and CT in both years, but the C content in the 0-60 cm layer was higher in CA (117.7 Mg C ha(-1)) than in CT (69.7 Mg C ha(-1)). The net global warming potential (GWP) of CA (considering soil C sequestration, GHG emissions, fuel use, and fertilizer and seeds production) was -7729 kg CO(2) ha(-1) y(-1) in 2008-2009 and -7892 kg CO(2) ha(-1) y(-1) in 2010-2011, whereas that of CT was 1327 and 1156 kg CO(2) ha(-1) y(-1). It was found that the contribution of CA to GWP was small compared to that of CT.", "keywords": ["Greenhouse Effect", "2. Zero hunger", "Nitrogen", "Nitrous Oxide", "Temperature", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "maize", "Zea mays", "01 natural sciences", "Carbon", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "greenhouse gases", "11. Sustainability", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "climate", "Methane", "Mexico", "agriculture", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.05.029"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.05.029", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.05.029", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.05.029"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.11.020", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-12-08", "title": "Effect Of Long-Term Compost And Inorganic Fertilizer Application On Background N2o And Fertilizer-Induced N2o Emissions From An Intensively Cultivated Soil", "description": "The influence of inorganic fertilizer and compost on background nitrous oxide (N2O) and fertilizer-induced N2O emissions were examined over a maize-wheat rotation year from June 2008 to May 2009 in a fluvo-aquic soil in Henan Province of China where a field experiment had been established in 1989 to evaluate the long-term effects of manure and fertilizer on soil organic status. The study involved five treatments: compost (OM), fertilizer NPK (nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium, NPK), half compost N plus half fertilizer N (HOM), fertilizer NK (NK), and control without any fertilizer (CK). The natural logarithms of the background N2O fluxes were significantly (P<0.05) correlated with soil temperature, but not with soil moisture, during the maize or wheat growing season. The 18-year application of compost alone and inorganic fertilizer not only significantly (P<0.05) increased soil organic carbon (SOC) by 152% and 10-43% (respectively), but also increased background N2O emissions by 106% and 48-76% (respectively) compared with the control. Total N in soils was a better indicator for predicting annual background N2O emission than SOC. The estimated emission factor (EF) of mineralized N, calculated by dividing annual N2O emission by mineralized N was 0.13-0.19%, significantly (P<0.05) lower than the EF of added N (0.30-0.39%). The annual N2O emission in the NPK, HOM and OM soils amended with 300 kg ha(-1) organic or inorganic N was 1427, 1325 and 1178 g N ha(-1), respectively. There was a significant (P<0.05) difference between the NPK and OM. The results of this study indicate that soil indigenous N was less efficiently converted into N2O compared with exogenous N. Increasing SOC by compost application, then partially increasing N supply to crops instead of adding inorganic N fertilizer, may be an effective measure to mitigate N2O emissions from arable soils in the North China plain.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.11.020"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.11.020", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.11.020", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.11.020"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.12.023", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-01-08", "title": "Warming And Increased Precipitation Have Differential Effects On Soil Extracellular Enzyme Activities In A Temperate Grassland", "description": "Few studies have conducted the responses of soil extracellular enzyme activities (EEA) to climate change, especially over the long term. In this study, we investigated the six-year responses of soil EEA to warming and increased precipitation in a temperate grassland of northern China at two depths of 0-10 and 10-20 cm. These extracellular enzymes included carbon-acquisition enzymes (\u03b2-glucosidase, BG), nitrogen-acquisition enzymes (N-acetylglucosaminidase, NAG; Leucine aminopeptidase, LAP) and phosphorus-acquisition enzymes (acid and alkaline phosphatases). The results showed that warming significantly increased acid phosphatase at the 0-10 cm depth and NAG at the 10-20 cm depth, but dramatically decreased BG and acid phosphatase in the subsurface. In contrast, increased precipitation significantly increased NAG, LAP and alkaline phosphatase in the surface and NAG, LAP and acid phosphatase in the subsurface. There was a significant warming and increased precipitation interaction on BG in the subsurface. Redundancy analysis indicated that the patterns of EEA were mainly driven by soil pH and NH(4)(+)-N and NO(3)(-)-N in the surface, while by NH(4)(+)-N and microbial biomass in the subsurface. Our results suggested that soil EEA responded differentially to warming and increased precipitation at two depths in this region, which may have implications for carbon and nutrient cycling under climate change.", "keywords": ["570", "China", "Climate", "Climate Change", "Acid Phosphatase", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Poaceae", "Enzymes", "Leucyl Aminopeptidase", "Soil biology", "13. Climate action", "Acetylglucosaminidase", "Cellulases", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Soil Microbiology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.12.023"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.12.023", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.12.023", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.12.023"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5846/stxb201203130334", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "unspecified", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:26:16Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-06-19", "description": "Increasing global atmospheric deposition of nitrogen caused by human activities has raised nitrogen input to terrestrial ecosystem,and thus influenced carbon dioxide emissions from soil.To explore how soil respiration response to increased nitrogen input,a simulated nitrogen deposition experiment has been conducted in Cinnamomum camphora forest in subtropical China between June 2010 and January 2012.Soil respiration rate was measured twice a month under four-levels of N treatments(CK,0 g m-2a-1;LN,5 g m-2a-1;MN,15 g m-2a-1;HN,30 g m-2a-1,experimental inputs)by infrared gas analyzer techniques,and the results showed that soil respiration exhibited a strong seasonal pattern,with the highest rates found in the June(819.31 mgCO2 m-2 h-1) and the lowest rates in January(169.70 mgCO2 m-2 h-1).Nitrogen addition inhibited soil respiration significantly.Soil respiration in CK group was higher than that in any other treatment group.Annual accumulative soil respiration in LN(2.55\u00d7104 kg/hm2),MN(2.84\u00d7104 kg/hm2) and HN(2.50\u00d7104 kg/hm2) was 37.66%\u300130.62%\u300138.95%,respectively,lower than in CK(4.09\u00d7 104 kg/hm2) group,however,there was no significant difference between nitrogen treatment groups.The inhibitory effect weakened over time.From June to September in year 2010,the mean soil respiration rate of LN,MN and HN were(386.31\u00b144.81) mgCO2 m-2 h-1\u3001(358.25\u00b131.55) mgCO2 m-2 h-1and(367.35\u00b141.72) mgCO2 m-2 h-1,respectively,which were 49.63%\u300153.28% and 52.10% lower than that in CK group(766.87\u00b1101.60 mgCO2 m-2 h-1).During same time in year 2011,the mean soil respiration of LN,MN and HN group increased to(512.7\u00b173.12) mgCO2 m-2 h-1,(533.02\u00b141.80) mgCO2 m-2 h-1,(486.20\u00b150.12) mgCO2 m-2 h-1,respectively,which were19.70%\u300116.51%\u300123.85% lower than that in CK(638.45\u00b174.91 mgCO2 m-2 h-1).Nitrogen addition couldn\u2032t change the diurnal soil respiration pattern,but depressed magnitude of soil respiration significantly.Soil respiration during daytime was lower than that in night,the minimums appeared in 10:00-14:00 and the maximums were in 22:00\u20142:00.The diurnal mean soil respiration rare in CK,LN,MN and HN treatment group was(805.86\u00b174.95) mg CO2 m-2 h-1,(689.29\u00b166.25) mg CO2 m-2 h-1,(778.85\u00b173.73) mg CO2 m-2 h-1 and(609.85\u00b165.33) mg CO2 m-2 h-1,respectively,and the mean soil respiration rate in CK group was significantly higher than that in LN and HN group(P0.01).The differences between each nitrogen addition group were significantly.Soil respiration has the similar seasonal and diurnal pattern with soil temperature at 5cm depth.No matter in seasonal scale or diurnal scale,soil respiration rates showed a positive exponential relationship with soil temperature at 5cm depth,Exponential relationships between temperature and soil respiration were highly significant in all plots.However,almost in treatment,there was no obvious effect of soil moisture on soil respiration.LN group had the largest Q10 values(2.01),which similar to CK group(1.99) and higher than MN(1.79) and HN group(1.95).These results indicated that there is a significant decline of soil respiration to N addition in subtropical Cinnamomum camphora forest.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "\u90d1\u5a01 Zheng Wei, \u95eb\u6587\u5fb7 Yan Wende, \u5f20\u5f90\u6e90 Zhang Xuyuan, \u6881\u5c0f\u7fe0 Liang Xiaocui, \u738b\u5149\u519b Wang Guangjun,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5846/stxb201203130334"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Acta%20Ecologica%20Sinica", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5846/stxb201203130334", "name": "item", "description": "10.5846/stxb201203130334", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5846/stxb201203130334"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.09.067", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-10-26", "title": "The Fluxes Of Co2 From Grazed And Fenced Temperate Steppe During Two Drought Years On The Inner Mongolia Plateau, China", "description": "The CO(2) flux was measured by the eddy covariance method on a temperate Leymus chinensis steppe over a period of 17 months spanning two consecutive growing seasons. The amount of precipitation was nearly normal, but it was low in the early and high in the late growing period in 2006. In the 2007 growing season, the amount of precipitation was about 45% less than the multi-year average and more evenly distributed. Comparisons were made between a moderately grazed site and a 28-year-old fenced site. The maximum instantaneous CO(2) release and uptake rates were 0.12 (May) and -0.11mg CO(2)m(-2)s(-1) (July) at the fenced site, and 0.11 and -0.16mg CO(2)m(-2)s(-1) (both in July) at the grazed site. In both growing seasons, the grazed site always had a higher daily uptake rate or lower release rate than the fenced site. The grazed site was a CO(2) sink during the growing season of 2007 and a CO(2) source in the growing season of 2006, whereas the fenced site was a CO(2) source in both seasons. Lower precipitation decreased CO(2) loss during the growing season more in the grazed site than in the fenced site, mainly because of depression of total ecosystem respiration (R(e)) in the former and stimulation in the latter. During the dormant season (from October to April), the fenced and grazed sites released 60.0 and 32.4g of C per m(2), respectively. Path analysis showed that temperature had the greatest effect on daily variation of ecosystem CO(2) exchange during the growing seasons at the two study sites. The results suggest that decrease of precipitation and/or increase of temperature will likely promote C loss from L. chinensis steppes, whether fenced or grazed, and that a grazed site is more sensitive.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "China", "Conservation of Natural Resources", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "Poaceae", "01 natural sciences", "Carbon Cycle", "Droughts", "Animals", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Cattle", "Seasons", "Ecosystem", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.09.067"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.09.067", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.09.067", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.09.067"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.02.028", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:28Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-03-07", "title": "Effects Of Straw Incorporation Along With Microbial Inoculant On Methane And Nitrous Oxide Emissions From Rice Fields", "description": "Incorporation of straw together with microbial inoculant (a microorganism agent, accelerating straw decomposition) is being increasingly adopted in rice cultivation, thus its effect on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions merits serious attention. A 3-year field experiment was conducted from 2010 to 2012 to investigate combined effect of straw and microbial inoculant on methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions, global warming potential (GWP) and greenhouse gas intensity (GHGI) in a rice field in Jurong, Jiangsu Province, China. The experiment was designed to have treatment NPK (N, P and K fertilizers only), treatment NPKS (NPK plus wheat straw), treatment NPKSR (NPKS plus Ruilaite microbial inoculant) and treatment NPKSJ (NPKS plus Jinkuizi microbial inoculant). Results show that compared to NPK, NPKS increased seasonal CH4 emission by 280-1370%, while decreasing N2O emission by 7-13%. When compared with NPKS, NPKSR and NPKSJ increased seasonal CH4 emission by 7-13% and 6-12%, respectively, whereas reduced N2O emission by 10-27% and 9-24%, respectively. The higher CH4 emission could be attributed to the higher soil CH4 production potential triggered by the combined application of straw and microbial inoculant, and the lower N2O emission to the decreased inorganic N content. As a whole, the benefit of lower N2O emission was completely offset by increased CH4 emission, resulting in a higher GWP for NPKSR (5-12%) and NPKSJ (5-11%) relative to NPKS. Due to NPKSR and NPKSJ increased rice grain yield by 3-6% and 2-4% compared to NPKS, the GHGI values for NPKS, NPKSR and NPKSJ were comparable. These findings suggest that incorporating straw together with microbial inoculant would not influence the radiative forcing of rice production in the terms of per unit of rice grain yield relative to the incorporation of straw alone.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Air Pollutants", "China", "Nitrous Oxide", "Agriculture", "Oryza", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Agricultural Inoculants", "15. Life on land", "Global Warming", "7. Clean energy", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "13. Climate action", "Air Pollution", "8. Economic growth", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Methane"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.02.028"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.02.028", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.02.028", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.02.028"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.06.049", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-07-15", "title": "Impact Of Sources Of Environmental Degradation On Microbial Community Dynamics In Non-Polluted And Metal-Polluted Soils", "description": "Soils are currently being degraded at an alarming rate due to increasing pressure from different sources of environmental degradation. Consequently, we carried out a 4-month microcosm experiment to measure the impact of different sources of environmental degradation (biodiversity loss, nitrogen deposition and climate change) on soil health in a non-polluted (non-degraded) and a heavily metal-polluted (degraded) soil, and to compare their responses. To this aim, we determined a variety of soil microbial properties with potential as bioindicators of soil health: basal respiration; \u03b2-glucosaminidase and protease activities; abundance (Q-PCR) of bacterial, fungal and chitinase genes; richness (PCR-DGGE) of fungal and chitinase genes. Non-polluted and metal-polluted soils showed different response microbial dynamics when subjected to sources of environmental degradation. The non-polluted soil appeared resilient to 'biodiversity loss' and 'climate change' treatments. The metal-polluted soil was probably already too severely affected by the presence of high levels of toxic metals to respond to other sources of stress. Our data together suggests that soil microbial activity and biomass parameters are more sensitive to the applied sources of environmental degradation, showing immediate responses of greater magnitude, while soil microbial diversity parameters do not show such variations.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Climate Change", "Biodiversity", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Polymerase Chain Reaction", "6. Clean water", "Soil", "Biodegradation", " Environmental", "Metals", "13. Climate action", "Soil Pollutants", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Electrophoresis", " Polyacrylamide Gel", "Soil Microbiology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.06.049"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.06.049", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.06.049", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.06.049"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.11.052", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-12-07", "title": "Characterization Of Soil Bacterial Community Structure And Physicochemical Properties In Created And Natural Wetlands", "description": "We used multi-tag pyrosequencing of 16S ribosomal DNA to characterize bacterial communities of wetland soils collected from created and natural wetlands located in the Virginia piedmont. Soils were also evaluated for their physicochemical properties [i.e., percent moisture, pH, soil organic matter (SOM), total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), and C:N ratio]. Soil moisture varied from 15% up to 55% among the wetlands. Soil pH ranged between 4.2 and 5.8, showing the typical characteristic of acidic soils in the Piedmont region. Soil organic matter contents ranged from 3% up to 6%. Soil bacterial community structures and their differences between the wetlands were distinguished by pyrosequencing. Soil bacterial communities in the created wetlands were less dissimilar to each other than to those of either natural wetland, with little difference in diversity (Shannon's H') between created and natural wetlands, except one natural wetland consistently showing a lower H'. The greatest difference of bacterial community structure was observed between the two natural wetlands (R=0.937, p<0.05), suggesting these two natural wetlands were actually quite different reflecting differences in their soil physicochemistry. The major phylogenic groups of all soils included Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi, Firmicutes, Gemmatinomadetes, Nitrospira, and Proteobacteria with Proteobacteria being the majority of the community composition. Acidobacteria group was more abundant in natural wetlands than in created wetlands. We found a significant association between bacterial community structures and physicochemical properties of soils such as C:N ratio (\u03c1=0.43, p<0.01) and pH (\u03c1=0.39, p<0.01). The outcomes of the study show that the development of ecological functions, mostly mediated by microbial communities, is connected with the development of soil properties in created wetlands. Soil properties should be carefully monitored to examine the progress of functional wetland mitigation.", "keywords": ["Principal Component Analysis", "Bacteria", "RNA", " Ribosomal", " 16S", "Wetlands", "15. Life on land", "Polymerase Chain Reaction", "01 natural sciences", "Soil Microbiology", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.11.052"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.11.052", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.11.052", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.11.052"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.12.093", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-02-04", "title": "Carbon Storage In A Heavy Clay Soil Landfill Site After Biosolid Application", "description": "Applying organic amendments including biosolids and composts to agricultural land could increase carbon (C) storage in soils and contribute significantly to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. Although a number of studies have examined the potential value of biosolids as a soil conditioner and nutrient source, there has been only limited work on the impact of biosolid application on C sequestration in soils. The objective of this study was to examine the potential value of biosolids in C sequestration in soils. Two types of experiments were conducted to examine the effect of biosolid application on C sequestration. In the first laboratory incubation experiment, the rate of decomposition of a range of biosolid samples was compared with other organic amendments including composts and biochars. In the second field experiment, the effect of biosolids on the growth of two bioenergy crops, Brassica juncea (Indian mustard) and Helianthus annuus (sunflower) on a landfill site was examined in relation to biomass production and C sequestration. The rate of decomposition varied amongst the organic amendments, and followed: composts>biosolids>biochar. There was a hundred fold difference in the rate of decomposition between biochar and other organic amendments. The rate of decomposition of biosolids decreased with increasing iron (Fe) and aluminum (Al) contents of biosolids. Biosolid application increased the dry matter yield of both plant species (by 2-2.5 fold), thereby increasing the biomass C input to soils. The rate of net C sequestration resulting from biosolid application (Mg C ha(-1) yr(-1) Mg(-1) biosolids) was higher for mustard (0.103) than sunflower (0.087). Biosolid application is likely to result in a higher level of C sequestration when compared to other management strategies including fertilizer application and conservation tillage, which is attributed to increased microbial biomass, and Fe and Al oxide-induced immobilization of C.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Carbon Sequestration", "biosolids", "Helianthus annuus", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "carbon sequestration", "7. Clean energy", "12. Responsible consumption", "Waste Disposal Facilities", "13. Climate action", "Charcoal", "South Australia", "Brassica juncea", "manures", "Helianthus", "Soil Pollutants", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "biochars", "Mustard Plant"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.12.093"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.12.093", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.12.093", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.12.093"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.178646", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-02-04", "title": "Assessing and mapping changes in soil ecosystem services and soil threats in agroecosystems through scenario-based approaches \u2013 A systematic review", "description": "Scenario analysis plays a central role in estimating how global changes affect the relationships linking ecosystem conditions and functioning to human needs. This is particularly true for agroecosystems, which are pivotal to ensure sustainable land planning, ecological management and food security strategies. Soils are key providers of multiple ecosystem services (ES) in agroecosystems but they are very sensitive to global drivers such as changes in climate, land use and cover. How agroecosystems should achieve sustainability, through optimizing soil capacity to supply ES while limiting the occurrence of threats, is a priority of EU policy agendas. Nevertheless, there is currently a lack of a comprehensive framework of scenario-based approaches to assess changes in soil ES (SES) and soil threats (ST). As a part of the project SERENA funded by the European Joint Program on Agricultural Soil Management, this study aims to: i) understand how drivers of global change are commonly studied in the scientific literature; ii) identify how some SES and ST are assessed in scenario-based approaches; iii) provide a preliminary discussion on how soil properties are represented in these approaches. Through a systematic review of 230 published articles related to seven SES and ten ST, this study highlights that not all SES and ST are considered with the same frequency and geographic distribution in scenario-based approaches. Despite a great methodological variability in the assessment and mapping of SES and ST, dominant methodological trends can be identified. SES are mapped more frequently than ST and, specific SES appear more disposed to spatially explicit assessments than others. Due to its novelty and complexity, research on this topic is limited to a small subset of ST or SES and projections of the combined impacts of climate, land use and management changes on multiple ST and SES should be a scientific priority to help policy makers.", "keywords": ["Conservation of Natural Resources", "550", "Scenario-based", "[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "Climate Change", "Agriculture", "333", "Soil ecosystem services", "Soil ecosystem services", " Soil threats", " Indicators", " Scenario-based", " Agroecosystems", "Soil", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "Soil threats", "Indicators", "Agroecosystems", "Ecosystem", "Environmental Monitoring"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Scammacca, Ottone, Montagne, David, Asins-Velis, Sabina, Bondi, Giulia, Boru\u030avka, Lubos\u030c, Buttafuoco, Gabriele, Cadero, Alice, Calzolari, Costanza, Cousin, Isabelle, Czuba, Martina, Foldal, Cecilie, Malli, Armin, Klimkowicz-Pawlas, Agnieszka, Kukk, Liia, Lumini, Erica, Medina-Rolda\u0301n, Eduardo, Michel, Kerstin, Molina, Mari\u0301a Jose\u0301, O'Sullivan, Lilian, Pindral, Sylwia, Putku, Elsa, Kitzler, Barbara, Walter, Christian,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.178646"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.178646", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.178646", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.178646"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.01.094", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-03-11", "title": "An Estimation Of Annual Nitrous Oxide Emissions And Soil Quality Following The Amendment Of High Temperature Walnut Shell Biochar And Compost To A Small Scale Vegetable Crop Rotation", "description": "Agricultural soils are responsible for emitting large quantities of nitrous oxide (N2O). The controlled incomplete thermal decomposition of agricultural wastes to produce biochar, once amended to soils, have been hypothesized to increase crop yield, improve soil quality and reduce N2O emissions. To estimate crop yields, soil quality parameters and N2O emissions following the incorporation of a high temperature (900 \u00b0C) walnut shell (HTWS) biochar into soil, a one year field campaign with four treatments (control (CONT), biochar (B), compost (COM), and biochar+compost (B+C)) was conducted in a small scale vegetable rotation system in Northern California. Crop yields from five crops (lettuce, winter cover crop, lettuce, bell pepper and Swiss chard) were determined; there were no significant differences in yield between treatments. Biochar amended soils had significant increases in % total carbon (C) and the retention of potassium (K) and calcium (Ca). Annual cumulative N2O fluxes were not significantly different between the four treatments with emissions ranging from 0.91 to 1.12 kg N2O-N ha(-1) yr(-1). Distinct peaks of N2O occurred upon the application of N fertilizers and the greatest mean emissions, ranging from 67.04 to 151.41 g N2O-N ha(-1) day(-1), were observed following the incorporation of the winter cover crop. In conclusion, HTWS biochar application to soils had a pronounced effect on the retention of exchangeable cations such as K and Ca compared to un-amended soils and composted soils, which in turn could reduce leaching of these plant available cations and could thus improve soils with poor nutrient retention. However, HTWS biochar additions to soil had neither a positive or negative effect on crop yield nor cumulative annual emissions of N2O.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.01.094"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.01.094", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.01.094", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.01.094"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.03.002", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-03-23", "title": "Nitrous Oxide Emissions From Mollisols As Affected By Long-Term Applications Of Organic Amendments And Chemical Fertilizers", "description": "A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the influences of long-term applications of organic amendments and chemical fertilizers on nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from Mollisols in northeast China and to relate soil N2O fluxes to soil moisture and temperature. A closed-chamber method was used to determine soil N2O flux during the maize growing season in 2011. In the entire maize growing period, cumulative N2O emissions were significantly (all P<0.05) increased by 66, 86 and 83% under the applications of 4.5 Mg ha(-1) maize straw combined with NPK, 7.5 and 22.5 Mg ha(-1) pig manure combined with NPK, respectively, compared with the control (0.64\u00b10.01 kg N2O-N ha(-1)), whereas NPK fertilizer alone and 2.25 Mg ha(-1) maize straw combined with NPK had no remarkable influences (P>0.05). Nonetheless, even increasing nitrogen inputs, the cumulative microbial N2O emission over 126 days had an upper threshold around 1.2 kg N2O-N ha(-1). Approximately 25-44% of N2O was emitted from the applied organic amendments, and the emission factor (EF) of applied organic amendments as N2O based on 126 days was between 0.07 and 1.52%, higher than NPK fertilizer-induced EF (0.03%). Soil temperature explained 38-96% of the seasonal variation in soil N2O fluxes using exponential models, with a Q10 of 2.01-3.48. Our results suggest that the influences of organic amendments on soil N2O emissions from Mollisols primarily vary with the type of the applied organic amendments, whereas great nitrogen inputs at maximum asymptotically double baseline cumulative emissions.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.03.002"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.03.002", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.03.002", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.03.002"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.04.101", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-05-27", "title": "Turnover Of Organic Carbon And Nitrogen In Soil Assessed From \u039413c And \u039415n Changes Under Pasture And Cropping Practices And Estimates Of Greenhouse Gas Emissions", "description": "The continuing clearance of native vegetation for pasture, and especially cropping, is a concern due to declines in soil organic C (SOC) and N, deteriorating soil health, and adverse environment impact such as increased emissions of major greenhouse gases (CO2, N2O and CH4). There is a need to quantify the rates of SOC and N budget changes, and the impact on greenhouse gas emissions from land use change in semi-arid subtropical regions where such data are scarce, so as to assist in developing appropriate management practices. We quantified the turnover rate of SOC from changes in \u03b4(13)C following the conversion of C3 native vegetation to C4 perennial pasture and mixed C3/C4 cereal cropping (wheat/sorghum), as well as \u03b4(15)N changes following the conversion of legume native vegetation to non-legume systems over 23 years. Perennial pasture (Cenchrus ciliaris cv. Biloela) maintained SOC but lost total N by more than 20% in the top 0-0.3m depth of soil, resulting in reduced animal productivity from the grazed pasture. Annual cropping depleted both SOC and total soil N by 34% and 38%, respectively, and resulted in decreasing cereal crop yields. Most of these losses of SOC and total N occurred from the >250 \u03bcm fraction of soil. Moreover, this fraction had almost a magnitude higher turnover rates than the 250-53 \u03bcm and <53 \u03bcm fractions. Loss of SOC during the cropping period contributed two-orders of magnitude more CO2-e to the atmosphere than the pasture system. Even then, the pasture system is not considered as a benchmark of agricultural sustainability because of its decreasing productivity in this semi-arid subtropical environment. Introduction of legumes (for N2 fixation) into perennial pastures may arrest the productivity decline of this system. Restoration of SOC in the cropped system will require land use change to perennial ecosystems such as legume-grass pastures or native vegetation.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "2311 Waste Management and Disposal", "12. Responsible consumption", "Greenhouse gases", "2305 Environmental Engineering", "13. Climate action", "2304 Environmental Chemistry", "2310 Pollution", "11. Sustainability", "\u03b413C", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "C turnover", "\u03b415N"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.04.101"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.04.101", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.04.101", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.04.101"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.05.071", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:28Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-06-19", "title": "Soil Biochemical Properties And Microbial Resilience In Agroforestry Systems: Effects On Wheat Growth Under Controlled Drought And Flooding Conditions", "description": "Agroforestry is increasingly viewed as an effective means of maintaining or even increasing crop and tree productivity under climate change while promoting other ecosystem functions and services. This study focused on soil biochemical properties and resilience following disturbance within agroforestry and conventional agricultural systems and aimed to determine whether soil differences in terms of these biochemical properties and resilience would subsequently affect crop productivity under extreme soil water conditions. Two research sites that had been established on agricultural land were selected for this study. The first site included an 18-year-old windbreak, while the second site consisted in an 8-year-old tree-based intercropping system. In each site, soil samples were used for the determination of soil nutrient availability, microbial dynamics and microbial resilience to different wetting-drying perturbations and for a greenhouse pot experiment with wheat. Drying and flooding were selected as water stress treatments and compared to a control. These treatments were initiated at the beginning of the wheat anthesis period and maintained over 10 days. Trees contributed to increase soil nutrient pools, as evidenced by the higher extractable-P (both sites), and the higher total N and mineralizable N (tree-based intercropping site) found in the agroforestry compared to the conventional agricultural system. Metabolic quotient (qCO2) was lower in the agroforestry than in the conventional agricultural system, suggesting higher microbial substrate use efficiency in agroforestry systems. Microbial resilience was higher in the agroforestry soils compared to soils from the conventional agricultural system (windbreak site only). At the windbreak site, wheat growing in soils from agroforestry system exhibited higher aboveground biomass and number of grains per spike than in conventional agricultural system soils in the three water stress treatments. At the tree-based intercropping site, higher wheat biomass, grain yield and number of grains per spike were observed in agroforestry than in conventional agricultural system soils, but in the drought treatment only. Drought (windbreak site) and flooding (both sites) treatments significantly reduced wheat yield and 1000-grain weight in both types of system. Relationships between soil biochemical properties and soil microbial resilience or wheat productivity were strongly dependent on site. This study suggests that agroforestry systems may have a positive effect on soil biochemical properties and microbial resilience, which could operate positively on crop productivity and tolerance to severe water stress.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Forestry", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Floods", "6. Clean water", "Droughts", "Trees", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Ecosystem", "Plant Physiological Phenomena", "Soil Microbiology", "Triticum"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Alain Olivier, David Rivest, Miren Lorente, Christian Messier,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.05.071"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.05.071", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.05.071", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.05.071"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.07.064", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:28Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-08-19", "title": "Effect Of Long Term Organic Amendments And Vegetation Of Vineyard Soils On The Microscale Distribution And Biogeochemistry Of Copper", "description": "In this study we evaluated the effect of the long term organic management of a vineyard-soil on the biogeochemistry of copper at the micro-aggregate scale. The model vineyard-soil (M\u00e2con-France) experienced a long-term field-experiment that consisted in amendments and vegetations with various materials and plants. We studied specifically the effect of Straw (S) and Conifer Compost (CC) organic amendments and Clover (Cl) and Fescue (F) vegetation on the fate of copper (fungicide) in the surface layer of this loamy soil, through a comparison with the Non Amended soil (NA). After collection the five soils were immediately physically fractionated in order to obtain 5 granulometric size-fractions. All soils and size-fractions were quantitatively characterized in terms of granulometry, chemical content and copper distribution, speciation and bioavailability to bacteria and plants. The results showed strong increases of soil-constituents aggregation for all treatments (Cl>CC>S>F>NA), in relation with the increased cementation of soil-constituents by organic matter (OM). The distribution patterns of all major elements and organic carbon were found highly variable within the soil sub-fractions and also between the 5 treatments. Due to their specific inorganic and organic composition, soil sub-fractions can thus be considered as a specific microbial habitat. Added OM accumulated preferentially in the 20-2 \u03bcm and in the >250 \u03bcm of the 5 soils. The distribution patterns of copper as well as its speciation and bioavailability to bacteria in the soil sub-fractions were shown to be strongly different among the five soils, in relation with OM distribution. Our results also suggest that Cu-bioavailability to plants is controlled by soil-rhizosphere structure. Altogether our results permitted to show that long-term organic management of a vineyard soil induced stable modifications of soil physical and chemical properties at both macro and micro-scales. These modifications affected in turn the micro-scale biogeochemistry of copper, and especially its bioavailability to bacteria and plants.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Organic Agriculture", "Bacteria", "Spectrophotometry", " Atomic", "Biological Availability", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Plants", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Fungicides", " Industrial", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "France", "Seasons", "Copper", "Soil Microbiology", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.07.064"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.07.064", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.07.064", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.07.064"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5846/stxb201204050476", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "unspecified", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:26:16Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-09-19", "description": "Increasing atmospheric nitrogen(N) deposition caused by human activities significantly changes carbon cycles and carbon budgets in terrestrial ecosystems.Compared with plant carbon pools,soil pools are more complex in their components and they respond in a variety of ways to N addition.Thus,contrasting conclusions have been reached as to the consequences of N addition for carbon storage in N-limited forest and grassland ecosystems including promotion,no change and inhibition.Alpine meadows are a N-limited grassland ecosystem on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,where plants and soil microorganisms have adapted to the environment of low available N.N addition might be expected to affect inputs and outputs of soil organic carbon(SOC) via changing returns of plant residues and soil CO2 release.However,a related study of this ecosystem has not so far been carried out.To assess the effects of atmospheric N deposition on SOC dynamics and the stability of an alpine meadow ecosystem on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,a multi-form,low-level N addition experiment was conducted at the Haibei Alpine Meadow Ecosystem Research Station in 2007.Three N fertilizers,NH4Cl,(NH4)2SO4,and KNO3,were added at four rates: control(0 kg N \u00b7 hm-2 \u00b7 a-1),low N(10 kg N \u00b7 hm-2 \u00b7 a-1),medium N(20 kg N \u00b7 hm-2 \u00b7 a-1),and high N(40 kg N \u00b7 hm-2 \u00b7 a-1).Each N treatment had three replicates.Each plot had an area of 9 m2(3 m \u00d7 3 m) and a 2 m isolation band was established between adjacent plots.During the 2010 growing season,soil samples were collected to 30cm depth at 10cm intervals in mid-May,July and September.The contents of three size SOC fractions,coarse particulate organic carbon(CPOC,250\u03bcm),fine particulate organic carbon(Fine POC,53\u2014250\u03bcm) and mineral associated organic carbon(MOC,53\u03bcm) as well as POC/MOC ratios were measured to examine the dynamics,shifts and stability of SOC caused by N addition.Soil POC in the alpine meadow mainly accumulated in the top 10cm and accounted for more than 64% of the total SOC content,reflecting the lability and poor stability of the soil organic matter.Three-year N addition significantly changed the contents of soil CPOC,FPOC and MOC,and there were significant differences between various N levels,rather than N forms.Both soil POC and MOC responded in contrasting ways to N addition in the early,end and peak of the growing season,suggesting that temporal variability in the dynamics of SOC components responded to N addition.N addition tended to increase soil CPOC and FPOC contents in the peak of the growing season,while significantly reducing them in the early and end of the growing season.However,soil MOC content responded insensitively to N addition.N addition also significantly lowered the topsoil POC/MOC ratio in the early growing season,suggesting an increase in the stability of SOC.These results suggest that increasing atmospheric nitrogen deposition in the future may cause significant short-term changes in soil organic carbon composition and stability in the alpine meadow due to its lability.", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "0303 health sciences", "03 medical and health sciences", "13. Climate action", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5846/stxb201204050476"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Acta%20Ecologica%20Sinica", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5846/stxb201204050476", "name": "item", "description": "10.5846/stxb201204050476", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5846/stxb201204050476"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.02.018", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-03-07", "title": "Impact Of Urease Inhibitor On Ammonia And Nitrous Oxide Emissions From Temperate Pasture Soil Cores Receiving Urea Fertilizer And Cattle Urine", "description": "New Zealand's intensively grazed pastures receive the majority of nitrogen (N) input in the form of urea, which is the major constituent of animal urine and the most common form of mineral N in inorganic N fertilizers. In soil, urea is rapidly hydrolyzed to ammonium (NH4(+)) ions, a part of which may be lost as ammonia (NH3) and subsequently as nitrous oxide (N2O), which is a greenhouse gas. Two glasshouse experiments were conducted to study the effect of a urease inhibitor (UI), N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT), commercially named Agrotain, applied with urine and urea on urea hydrolysis and NH3 and N2O emissions. Treatments included the commercially available products Sustain Yellow (urea+Agrotain+4% sulfur coating), Sustain Green (urea+Agrotain) and urea, and cattle urine (476 kg N ha(-1)) with and without Agrotain applied to intact soil cores of a fine sandy loam soil. The addition of Agrotain to urine and urea (i.e. Sustain Green) reduced NH3 emission by 22% to 47%, respectively. Agrotain was also effective in reducing N2O emissions from urine and Sustain Green by 62% and 48%, respectively. The reduction in N2O emissions varied with the type and amount of N applied and plant N uptake. Plant N uptake was significantly higher in the soil cores receiving Agrotain with urea than urea alone, but the slight increase in dry matter yield was non-significant. Hence, urease inhibitor reduced N losses through NH3 and N2O emissions, thereby increasing plant uptake of N.", "keywords": ["pasture", "2. Zero hunger", "nitrous oxide", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "urea", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "ammonia", "nitrogen", "6. Clean water", "cattle urine", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.02.018"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.02.018", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.02.018", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.02.018"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2009.08.020", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:40Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-09-13", "title": "Three decades of soil microbial biomass studies in Brazilian ecosystems: Lessons learned about soil quality and indications for improving sustainability", "description": "Abstract   Soil microbial biomass plays important roles in nutrient cycling, plant\u2013pathogen suppression, decomposition of residues and degradation of pollutants; therefore, it is often regarded as a good indicator of soil quality. We reviewed more than a hundred studies in which microbial biomass-C (MB-C), microbial quotient (MB-C/TSOC, total soil organic carbon) and metabolic quotient (qCO2) were evaluated with the objective of understanding MB-C responses to various soil-management practices in Brazilian ecosystems. These practices included tillage systems, crop rotations, pastures, organic farming, inputs of industrial residues and urban sewage sludge, applications of agrochemicals and burning. With a meta-analysis of 233 data points, we confirmed the benefits of no-tillage in preserving MB-C and reducing qCO2 in comparison to conventional tillage. A large number of studies described increases in MB-C and MB-C/TSOC due to permanent organic farming, also benefits from crop rotations particularly with several species involved, whereas application of agrochemicals and burning severely disturbed soil microbial communities. The MB-C decreased in overgrazed pastures, but increased in pastures rotated with well-managed crops. Responses of MB-C, MB-C/TSOC and qCO2 to amendment with organic industrial residues varied with residue type, dose applied and soil texture. In conclusion, MB-C and related parameters were, indeed, useful indicators of soil quality in various Brazilian ecosystems. However, direct relationships between MB-C and nutrient-cycling dynamics, microbial diversity and functionality are still unclear. Further studies are needed to develop strategies to maximize beneficial effects of microbial communities on soil fertility and crop productivity.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2009.08.020"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2009.08.020", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2009.08.020", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2009.08.020"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.02.054", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-03-16", "title": "Pyrolysing Poultry Litter Reduces N2o And Co2 Fluxes", "description": "Application of poultry litter (PL) to soil can lead to substantial nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions due to the co-application of labile carbon (C) and nitrogen (N). Slow pyrolysis of PL to produce biochar may mitigate N2O emissions from this source, whilst still providing agronomic benefits. In a corn crop on ferrosol with similarly matched available N inputs of ca. 116 kg N/ha, PL-biochar plus urea emitted significantly less N2O (1.5 kg N2O-N/ha) compared to raw PL at 4.9 kg N2O-N/ha. Urea amendment without the PL-biochar emitted 1.2 kg N2O-N/ha, and the PL-biochar alone emitted only 0.35 kg N2O-N/ha. Both PL and PL-biochar resulted in similar corn yields and total N uptake which was significantly greater than for urea alone. Using stable isotope methodology, the majority (~80%) of N2O emissions were shown to be from non-urea sources. Amendment with raw PL significantly increased C mineralisation and the quantity of permanganate oxidisable organic C. The low molar H/C (0.49) and O/C (0.16) ratios of the PL-biochar suggest its higher stability in soil than raw PL. The PL-biochar also had higher P and K fertiliser value than raw PL. This study suggests that PL-biochar is a valuable soil amendment with the potential to significantly reduce emissions of soil greenhouse gases compared to the raw product. Contrary to other studies, PL-biochar incorporated to 100mm did not reduce N2O emissions from surface applied urea, which suggests that further field evaluation of biochar impacts, and methods of application of both biochar and fertiliser, are needed.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Biochar", "C mineralisation", "Ferrosol", "Nitrous oxide", "Poultry litter", "550", "13. Climate action", "Crop productivity", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "7. Clean energy", "630"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.02.054"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.02.054", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.02.054", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.02.054"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Er&offset=4950&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Er&offset=4950&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "prev", "title": "items (prev)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Er&offset=4900", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "next", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (next)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Er&offset=5000", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 23738, "numberReturned": 50, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-04-04T15:31:16.390107Z"}