Warming in the Arctic accelerates thawing of permafrost-affected soils, which leads to a release of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. We do not know whether permafrost thaw also releases non-methane volatile organic compounds that can contribute to both negative and positive radiative forcing on climate. Here we show using proton transfer reaction\uffe2\uff80\uff93time of flight\uffe2\uff80\uff93mass spectrometry that substantial amounts of ethanol and methanol and in total 316 organic ions were released from Greenlandic permafrost soils upon thaw in laboratory incubations. We demonstrate that the majority of this release is taken up in the active layer above. In an experiment using 14C-labeled ethanol and methanol, we demonstrate that these compounds are consumed by microorganisms. Our findings highlight that the thawing permafrost soils are not only a considerable source of volatile organic compounds but also that the active layer regulates their release into the atmosphere.
", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "Ethanol", "Science", "Climate", "Methanol", "General Biochemistry", "Genetics and Molecular Biology", "Q", "General Physics and Astronomy", "Permafrost", "General Chemistry", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Article", "03 medical and health sciences", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "SDG 13 - Climate Action", "Soil Microbiology", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-018-05824-y.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-05824-y"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Nature%20Communications", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1038/s41467-018-05824-y", "name": "item", "description": "10.1038/s41467-018-05824-y", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1038/s41467-018-05824-y"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-08-24T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1088/1752-7163/ace8b1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:18:55Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-07-19", "title": "Food and lifestyle impact on breath VOCs using portable mass spectrometer\u2014pilot study across European countries", "description": "AbstractIn the modern world, many people are changing old dietary and lifestyle habits to improve the quality of their living\uffe2\uff80\uff94to treat or just prevent possible diseases. The main goal of this pilot study was to assess the food and lifestyle impact on exhaled breath volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in various population groups. It was done by employing a recently validated portable membrane-inlet mass spectrometer\uffe2\uff80\uff94MIMS. Thus, the obtained results would also represent the additional confirmation for the employment of the new instrument in the breath analysis. The pilot study involved 151 participants across Europe, including people with overweight, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, people with poor-quality diet and professional athletes. Exhaled breath acetone, ethanol, isoprene, and n-pentane levels were determined in samples before the meal, and 120 min after the meal. Obtained basal ppbv values were mainly in accordance with previously reported, which confirms that MIMS instrument can be used in the breath analysis. Combining the quantified levels along with the information about the participants\uffe2\uff80\uff99 lifestyle habits collected via questionnaire, an assessment of the food and lifestyle impact was obtained. Notable alteration in examined VOC levels upon meal consumption was detected in more than 70% of all participants, with exception for isoprene, which was affected in about half of participants. Lifestyle parameters impact was examined using statistical analysis of variance (ANOVA) on ranks test. Statistically significant differences in basal breath VOC levels were observed among all examined population groups. Also, n-pentane and ethanol levels significantly differed in people of different ages, as well as acetone levels in people with different physical activity habits. These findings are promising for further, more focused research using MIMS technique in breath analysis.Ammonia oxidizers are key players in the global nitrogen cycle and are responsible for the oxidation of ammonia to nitrite, which is further oxidized to nitrate by other microorganisms. Their activity can lead to adverse effects on some human-impacted environments, including water pollution through leaching of nitrate and emissions of the greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (N2O). Ammonia monooxygenase (AMO) is the key enzyme in microbial ammonia oxidation and shared by all groups of aerobic ammonia oxidizers. The AMO has not been purified in an active form, and much of what is known about its potential structure and function comes from studies on its interactions with inhibitors. The archaeal AMO is less well studied as ammonia oxidizing archaea were discovered much more recently than their bacterial counterparts. The inhibition of ammonia oxidation by aliphatic alcohols (C1-C8) using the model terrestrial ammonia oxidizing archaeon \uffe2\uff80\uff98Candidatus Nitrosocosmicus franklandus\uffe2\uff80\uff99 C13 and the ammonia oxidizing bacterium Nitrosomonas europaea was examined in order to expand knowledge about the range of inhibitors of ammonia oxidizers. Methanol was the most potent specific inhibitor of the AMO in both ammonia oxidizers, with half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of 0.19 and 0.31\uffe2\uff80\uff89mM, respectively. The inhibition was AMO-specific in \uffe2\uff80\uff98Ca. N. franklandus\uffe2\uff80\uff99 C13 in the presence of C1-C2 alcohols, and in N. europaea in the presence of C1-C3 alcohols. Higher chain-length alcohols caused non-specific inhibition and also inhibited hydroxylamine oxidation. Ethanol was tolerated by \uffe2\uff80\uff98Ca. N. franklandus\uffe2\uff80\uff99 C13 at a higher threshold concentration than other chain-length alcohols, with 80\uffe2\uff80\uff89mM ethanol being required for complete inhibition of ammonia oxidation.The ammonia monooxygenase (AMO) is a key enzyme in ammonia\uffe2\uff80\uff90oxidizing archaea, which are abundant and ubiquitous in soil environments. The AMO belongs to the copper\uffe2\uff80\uff90containing membrane monooxygenase (CuMMO) enzyme superfamily, which also contains particulate methane monooxygenase (pMMO). Enzymes in the CuMMO superfamily are promiscuous, which results in co\uffe2\uff80\uff90oxidation of alternative substrates. The phylogenetic and structural similarity between the pMMO and the archaeal AMO is well\uffe2\uff80\uff90established, but there is surprisingly little information on the influence of methane and methanol on the archaeal AMO and terrestrial nitrification. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of methane and methanol on the soil ammonia\uffe2\uff80\uff90oxidizing archaeon \uffe2\uff80\uff98Candidatus Nitrosocosmicus franklandus C13\uffe2\uff80\uff99. We demonstrate that both methane and methanol are competitive inhibitors of the archaeal AMO. The inhibition constants (Ki) for methane and methanol were 2.2 and 20\uffe2\uff80\uff89\uffce\uffbcM, respectively, concentrations which are environmentally relevant and orders of magnitude lower than those previously reported for ammonia\uffe2\uff80\uff90oxidizing bacteria. Furthermore, we demonstrate that a specific suite of proteins is upregulated and downregulated in \uffe2\uff80\uff98Ca. Nitrosocosmicus franklandus C13\uffe2\uff80\uff99 in the presence of methane or methanol, which provides a foundation for future studies into metabolism of one\uffe2\uff80\uff90carbon (C1) compounds in ammonia\uffe2\uff80\uff90oxidizing archaea.Traditionally, biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOC) emissions are often considered a unidirectional flux, from the ecosystem to the atmosphere, but recent studies clearly show the potential for bidirectional exchange. Here we aimed to investigate how warming and leaf litter addition affect the bidirectional exchange (flux) of BVOCs in a long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term field experiment in the Subarctic. We also assessed changes in net BVOC fluxes in relation to the time of day and the influence of different plant phenological stages. The study was conducted in a full factorial experiment with open top chamber warming and annual litter addition treatments in a tundra heath in Abisko, Northern Sweden. After 18\uffc2\uffa0years of treatments, ecosystem\uffe2\uff80\uff90level net BVOC fluxes were measured in the experimental plots using proton\uffe2\uff80\uff90transfer\uffe2\uff80\uff90reaction time\uffe2\uff80\uff90of\uffe2\uff80\uff90flight mass spectrometry (PTR\uffe2\uff80\uff93ToF\uffe2\uff80\uff93MS). The warming treatment increased monoterpene and isoprene emissions by \uffe2\uff89\uff8850%. Increasing temperature, due to diurnal variations, can both increase BVOC emission and simultaneously, increase ecosystem uptake. For any given treatment, monoterpene, isoprene, and acetone emissions also increased with increasing ambient air temperatures caused by diurnal variability. Acetaldehyde, methanol, and sesquiterpenes decreased likely due to a deposition flux. For litter addition, only a significant indirect effect on isoprene and monoterpene fluxes (decrease by ~50%\uffe2\uff80\uff9375%) was observed. Litter addition may change soil moisture conditions, leading to changes in plant species composition and biomass, which could subsequently result in changes to BVOC emission compositions. Phenological stages significantly affected fluxes of methanol, isoprene and monoterpenes. We suggest that plant phenological stages differ in impacts on BVOC net emissions, but ambient air temperature and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) also interact and influence BVOC net emissions differently. Our results may also suggest that BVOC fluxes are not only a response to changes in temperature and light intensity, as the circadian clock also affects emission rates.
", "keywords": ["BVOC", "Sweden", "Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts", "Volatile Organic Compounds", "tundra", "Methanol", "Terpenoids", "Climate Change", "plant volatiles", "15. Life on land", "Primary Research Articles", "phenology", "01 natural sciences", "Arctic", "climate change", "Phenology", "terpenoids", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "Plant volatiles", "Tundra", "Ecosystem", "methanol", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.15596"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15596"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/gcb.15596", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/gcb.15596", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/gcb.15596"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-04-04T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/gcbb.12065", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:19:25Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-04-12", "title": "Implications Of Productivity And Nutrient Requirements On Greenhouse Gas Balance Of Annual And Perennial Bioenergy Crops", "description": "AbstractBiomass from dedicated crops is expected to contribute significantly to the replacement of fossil resources. However, sustainable bioenergy cropping systems must provide high biomass production and low environmental impacts. This study aimed at quantifying biomass production, nutrient removal, expected ethanol production, and greenhouse gas (GHG) balance of six bioenergy crops: Miscanthus\uffc2\uffa0\uffc3\uff97\uffc2\uffa0giganteus, switchgrass, fescue, alfalfa, triticale, and fiber sorghum. Biomass production and N, P, K balances (input\uffe2\uff80\uff90output) were measured during 4\uffc2\uffa0years in a long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term experiment, which included two nitrogen fertilization treatments. These results were used to calculate a posteriori \uffe2\uff80\uff98optimized\uffe2\uff80\uff99 fertilization practices, which would ensure a sustainable production with a nil balance of nutrients. A modified version of the cost/benefit approach proposed by Crutzen et\uffc2\uffa0al. (2008), comparing the GHG emissions resulting from N\uffe2\uff80\uff90P\uffe2\uff80\uff90K fertilization of bioenergy crops and the GHG emissions saved by replacing fossil fuel, was applied to these \uffe2\uff80\uff98optimized\uffe2\uff80\uff99 situations. Biomass production varied among crops between 10.0 (fescue) and 26.9\uffc2\uffa0t\uffc2\uffa0DM\uffc2\uffa0ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffc2\uffa0yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921 (miscanthus harvested early) and the expected ethanol production between 1.3 (alfalfa) and 6.1\uffc2\uffa0t\uffc2\uffa0ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffc2\uffa0yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921 (miscanthus harvested early). The cost/benefit ratio ranged from 0.10 (miscanthus harvested late) to 0.71 (fescue); it was closely correlated with the N/C ratio of the harvested biomass, except for alfalfa. The amount of saved CO2 emissions varied from 1.0 (fescue) to 8.6\uffc2\uffa0t CO2eq\uffc2\uffa0ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffc2\uffa0yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921 (miscanthus harvested early or late). Due to its high biomass production, miscanthus was able to combine a high production of ethanol and a large saving of CO2 emissions. Miscanthus and switchgrass harvested late gave the best compromise between low N\uffe2\uff80\uff90P\uffe2\uff80\uff90K requirements, high GHG saving per unit of biomass, and high productivity per hectare.
", "keywords": ["legume crops", "2. Zero hunger", "660", "[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy", "nitrogen", "lignocelluloses", "12. Responsible consumption", "[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]", "greenhouse gas", "13. Climate action", "8. Economic growth", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "biofuel", "nutrient use Efficiency", "biomasse", "ethanol", "C3 crops"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://hal.science/hal-01173307/file/Cadoux_etal_2014.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.12065"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/GCB%20Bioenergy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/gcbb.12065", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/gcbb.12065", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/gcbb.12065"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-04-12T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1757-1707.2010.01055.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:19:45Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-07-09", "title": "Bioenergy By-Products As Soil Amendments? Implications For Carbon Sequestration And Greenhouse Gas Emissions", "description": "AbstractAn important but little understood aspect of bioenergy production is its overall impact on soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling. Increased energy production from biomass will inevitably lead to higher input of its by\uffe2\uff80\uff90products to the soil as amendments or fertilizers. However, it is still unclear how these by\uffe2\uff80\uff90products will influence microbial transformation processes in soil, and thereby its greenhouse gas (GHG) balance and organic C stocks. In this study, we assess C and N dynamics and GHG emissions following application of different bioenergy by\uffe2\uff80\uff90products to soil. Ten by\uffe2\uff80\uff90products were selected from different bioenergy chains: anaerobic digestion (manure digestates), first generation biofuel by\uffe2\uff80\uff90products (rapeseed meal, distilled dried grains with solubles), second\uffe2\uff80\uff90generation biofuel by\uffe2\uff80\uff90products (nonfermentables from hydrolysis of different lignocellulosic materials) and pyrolysis (biochars). These by\uffe2\uff80\uff90products were added at a constant N rate (150\uffe2\uff80\uff83kg\uffe2\uff80\uff83N\uffe2\uff80\uff83ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921) to a sandy soil and incubated at 20\uffe2\uff80\uff83\uffc2\uffb0C. After 60 days, >80% of applied C had been emitted as CO2 in the first\uffe2\uff80\uff90generation biofuel residue treatments. For second\uffe2\uff80\uff90generation biofuel residues this was approximately 60%, and for digestates 40%. Biochars were the most stable residues with the lowest CO2 loss (between 0.5% and 5.8% of total added C). Regarding N2O emissions, addition of first\uffe2\uff80\uff90generation biofuel residues led to the highest total N2O emissions (between 2.5% and 6.0% of applied N). Second\uffe2\uff80\uff90generation biofuel residues emitted between 1.0% and 2.0% of applied N, with the original feedstock material resulting in similar N2O emissions and higher C mineralization rates. Anaerobic digestates resulted in emissions <1% of applied N. The two biochars used in this study decreased N2O emissions below background values. We conclude that GHG dynamics of by\uffe2\uff80\uff90products after soil amendment cannot be ignored and should be part of the lifecycle analysis of the various bioenergy production chains.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "decomposition", "biomass", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "part 2", "7. Clean energy", "biofuels", "6. Clean water", "feedlot cattle", "12. Responsible consumption", "corn", "dried distillers grains", "13. Climate action", "wheat", "11. Sustainability", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "ethanol", "energy"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1757-1707.2010.01055.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/GCB%20Bioenergy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1757-1707.2010.01055.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1757-1707.2010.01055.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1757-1707.2010.01055.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-07-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1757-1707.2011.01103.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:19:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-04-07", "title": "The Production-Ecological Sustainability Of Cassava, Sugarcane And Sweet Sorghum Cultivation For Bioethanol In Mozambique", "description": "AbstractWe present an approach for providing quantitative insight into the production\uffe2\uff80\uff90ecological sustainability of biofuel feedstock production systems. The approach is based on a simple crop\uffe2\uff80\uff90soil model and was used for assessing feedstock from current and improved production systems of cassava for bioethanol. Assessments were performed for a study area in Mozambique, a country considered promising for biomass production. Our focus is on the potential role of smallholders in the production of feedstock for biofuels. We take cassava as the crop for this purpose and compare it with feedstock production on plantations using sugarcane, sweet sorghum and cassava as benchmarks. Production\uffe2\uff80\uff90ecological sustainability was defined by seven indicators related to resource\uffe2\uff80\uff90use efficiency, soil quality, net energy production and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Results indicate that of the assessed systems, sugarcane performed better than cassava, although it requires substantial water for irrigation. Targeted use of nutrient inputs improved sustainability of smallholder cassava. Cassava production systems on more fertile soils were more sustainable than those on less fertile soils; the latter required more external inputs for achieving the same output, affecting most indicators negatively and reducing the feasibility for smallholders. Cassava and sweet sorghum performed similarly. Cassava production requires much more labour per hectare than production of sugarcane or sweet sorghum. Production of bioethanol feedstock on cultivated lands was more sustainable and had potential for carbon sequestration, avoiding GHG emissions from clearing natural vegetation if new land is opened.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy", "term crop response", "nitrogen", "12. Responsible consumption", "fuel ethanol", "residues", "13. Climate action", "fertilizer phosphorus", "11. Sustainability", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "organic-matter", "soils", "zimbabwe", "management", "energy"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1757-1707.2011.01103.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/GCB%20Bioenergy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1757-1707.2011.01103.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1757-1707.2011.01103.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1757-1707.2011.01103.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-04-06T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1757-1707.2012.01188.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:19:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-07-09", "title": "How Effective Are The Sustainability Criteria Accompanying The European Union 2020 Biofuel Targets?", "description": "AbstractThe expansion of biofuel production can lead to an array of negative environmental impacts. Therefore, the European Union (EU) has recently imposed sustainability criteria on biofuel production in the Renewable Energy Directive (RED). In this article, we analyse the effectiveness of the sustainability criteria for climate change mitigation and biodiversity conservation. We first use a global agriculture and forestry model to investigate environmental effects of the EU member states National Renewable Energy Action Plans (NREAPs) without sustainability criteria. We conclude that these targets would drive losses of 2.2\uffc2\uffa0Mha of highly biodiverse areas and generate 95\uffc2\uffa0Mt\uffc2\uffa0CO 2 eq of additional greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, in a second step, we demonstrate that the EU biofuel demand could be satisfied \uffe2\uff80\uff98sustainably\uffe2\uff80\uff99 according to RED despite its negative environmental effects. This is because the majority of global crop production is produced \uffe2\uff80\uff98sustainably\uffe2\uff80\uff99 in the sense of RED and can provide more than 10 times the total European biofuel demand in 2020 if reallocated from sectors without sustainability criteria. This finding points to a potential policy failure of applying sustainability regulation to a single sector in a single region. To be effective this policy needs to be more complete in targeting a wider scope of agricultural commodities and more comprehensive in its membership of countries.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "research", "330", "emissions", "dynamics", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "16. Peace & justice", "7. Clean energy", "01 natural sciences", "12. Responsible consumption", "livestock", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "land-use", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "deforestation", "ethanol", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/eprint/12217/1/frank.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1757-1707.2012.01188.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/GCB%20Bioenergy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1757-1707.2012.01188.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1757-1707.2012.01188.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1757-1707.2012.01188.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-07-09T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1557/adv.2017.45", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:20:31Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-01-24", "title": "Some Recent Findings On Marble Conservation By Aqueous Solutions Of Diammonium Hydrogen Phosphate", "description": "Given the lack of satisfying treatments for consolidating marble affected by thermally induced grain detachment (the so-called 'sugaring'), the use of aqueous solutions of diammonium hydrogen phosphate (DAP) has recently been proposed. The idea is to form a new binding mineral (hydroxyapatite, HAP) as the reaction product between the DAP solution and the calcitic substrate. In this study, we investigated the effects of adding small quantities of ethanol (EtOH) to the DAP solution, with the aim of favoring HAP formation. The results of the study indicate that, when a 0.1 M DAP and 0.1 mM CaCl2 solution in 10 vol% EtOH is used, complete coverage of marble surface with a crack-free coating with reduced porosity is achieved (whereas no coating is formed without EtOH addition). This is thought to be a consequence of the weakening of hydration shells of phosphate ions in the DAP solution, thanks to the presence of ethanol molecules. When used to restore mechanical properties of weathered marble, the treatment with 10 vol% EtOH was found to significantly improve the dynamic elastic modulus after a single application and to completely restore it after a second application.", "keywords": ["02 engineering and technology", "ING-IND/22 Scienza e tecnologia dei materiali", "0210 nano-technology", "Marble; Hydroxyapatite; Ethanol; Alcohol; Microstructure; Consolidation; Protection", "adhesion; coating; ethanol; Mechanical Engineering; Mechanics of Materials; Materials Science (all); Condensed Matter Physics"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://cris.unibo.it/bitstream/11585/628342/5/MRS2016_Copertina.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1557/adv.2017.45"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/MRS%20Advances", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1557/adv.2017.45", "name": "item", "description": "10.1557/adv.2017.45", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1557/adv.2017.45"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.17221/124/2011-agricecon", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:20:39Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-02-11", "title": "&Nbsp; Biofuels: Policies And Impacts", "description": "This paper provides a general overview of the technological, social, environmental, economical, and policy considerations related to biofuels. While the biofuel production and consumption exhibited significant increase over the first decade of the new millennium, this and further increases in biofuel production are driven primarily by government policies. Currently available first generation biofuels are not economically viable in the absence of fiscal incentives or high oil prices (with a few exceptional cases, especially in the case of the most developed Brazilian sugarcane production of ethanol). Also the environmental impacts of biofuels as an alternative to fossil fuels are quite ambiguous. The literature review of the most recent economic models dealing with biofuels and their economic impacts provides a distinction between structural and reduced form models. The discussion of structural models centres primarily on computable general equilibrium (CGE) models. The review of reduced models is structured toward the time series analysis approach to the dependencies between prices of biofuels, prices of agricultural commodities used for the biofuel production and prices of the fossil fuels.", "keywords": ["S", "13. Climate action", "0502 economics and business", "05 social sciences", "8. Economic growth", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "biodiesel", "Agriculture", "ethanol", "02 engineering and technology", "7. Clean energy", "biofuels"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Ladislav Kristoufek, David Zilberman, Karel Janda,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.17221/124/2011-agricecon"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agricultural%20Economics%20%28Zem%C4%9Bd%C4%9Blsk%C3%A1%20ekonomika%29", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.17221/124/2011-agricecon", "name": "item", "description": "10.17221/124/2011-agricecon", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.17221/124/2011-agricecon"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-08-31T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3389/fpls.2019.00191", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:21:43Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-02-22", "title": "Interannual and Seasonal Dynamics of Volatile Organic Compound Fluxes From the Boreal Forest Floor", "description": "In the northern hemisphere, boreal forests are a major source of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs), which drive atmospheric processes and lead to cloud formation and changes in the Earth's radiation budget. Although forest vegetation is known to be a significant source of BVOCs, the role of soil and the forest floor, and especially interannual variations in fluxes, remains largely unknown due to a lack of long-term measurements. Our aim was to determine the interannual, seasonal and diurnal dynamics of boreal forest floor volatile organic compound (VOC) fluxes and to estimate how much they contribute to ecosystem VOC fluxes. We present here an 8-year data set of forest floor VOC fluxes, measured with three automated chambers connected to the quadrupole proton transfer reaction mass spectrometer (quadrupole PTR-MS). The exceptionally long data set shows that forest floor fluxes were dominated by monoterpenes and methanol, with relatively comparable emission rates between the years. Weekly mean monoterpene fluxes from the forest floor were highest in spring and in autumn (maximum 59 and 86 \u03bcg m-2 h-1, respectively), whereas the oxygenated VOC fluxes such as methanol had highest weekly mean fluxes in spring and summer (maximum 24 and 79 \u03bcg m-2 h-1, respectively). Although the chamber locations differed from each other in emission rates, the inter-annual dynamics were very similar and systematic. Accounting for this chamber location dependent variability, temperature and relative humidity, a mixed effects linear model was able to explain 79-88% of monoterpene, methanol, acetone, and acetaldehyde fluxes from the boreal forest floor. The boreal forest floor was a significant contributor in the forest stand fluxes, but its importance varies between seasons, being most important in autumn. The forest floor emitted 2-93% of monoterpene fluxes in spring and autumn and 1-72% of methanol fluxes in spring and early summer. The forest floor covered only a few percent of the forest stand fluxes in summer.", "keywords": ["VOC EMISSIONS", "Plant Science", "ATMOSPHERIC OH", "01 natural sciences", "forest floor", "SB1-1110", "MONOTERPENE EMISSIONS", "vegetation", "biogenic volatile organic compound", "11. Sustainability", "SCOTS PINE", "EXCHANGE", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "decomposition", "CLIMATE-CHANGE", "seasonality", "temperature", "Plant culture", "Forestry", "15. Life on land", "SOIL", "MODEL", "Environmental sciences", "flux", "13. Climate action", "PTR-TOF", "METHANOL"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.00191"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Frontiers%20in%20Plant%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3389/fpls.2019.00191", "name": "item", "description": "10.3389/fpls.2019.00191", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3389/fpls.2019.00191"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-02-22T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/bioengineering6030080", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:21:51Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-09-09", "title": "Comparison of Dry Versus Wet Milling to Improve Bioethanol or Methane Recovery from Solid Anaerobic Digestate", "description": "Biogas plants for waste treatment valorization are presently experiencing rapid development, especially in the agricultural sector, where large amounts of digestate are being generated. In this study, we investigated the effect of vibro-ball milling (VBM) for 5 and 30 min at a frequency of 20 s\uffe2\uff88\uff921 on the physicochemical composition and enzymatic hydrolysis (30 U g\uffe2\uff88\uff921 total solids (TS) of cellulase and endo-1,4-xylanase from Trichoderma longibrachiatum) of dry and wet solid separated digestates from an agricultural biogas plant. We found that VBM of dry solid digestate improved the physical parameters as both the particle size and the crystallinity index (from 27% to 75%) were reduced. By contrast, VBM of wet solid digestate had a minimal effect on the physicochemical parameters. The best results in terms of cellulose and hemicelluloses hydrolysis were noted for 30 min of VBM of dry solid digestate, with hydrolysis yields of 64% and 85% for hemicelluloses and cellulose, respectively. At the condition of 30 min of VBM, bioethanol and methane production on the dry solid separated digestate was investigated. Bioethanol fermentation by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation resulted in an ethanol yield of 98 geth kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921 TS (corresponding to 90% of the theoretical value) versus 19 geth kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921 TS for raw solid digestate. Finally, in terms of methane potential, VBM for 30 min lead to an increase of the methane potential of 31% compared to untreated solid digestate.
", "keywords": ["anaerobic digestion", "Technology", "[SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology", "QH301-705.5", "sugars recovery", "Biotechnologies", "7. Clean energy", "01 natural sciences", "Article", "milling process", "12. Responsible consumption", "Autre (Chimie)", "Biology (General)", "solid digestate", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "660", "T", "bioethanol production ; sugars recovery ; energy balances ; solid digestate ; milling process ; anaerobic digestion", "anaerobic digestion;solid digestate;milling process;sugars recovery;energy balances;bioethanol production", "600", "540", "energy balances", "6. Clean water", "[SDV.BIO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology", "[CHIM.OTHE] Chemical Sciences/Other", "bioethanol production", "Other", "[CHIM.OTHE]Chemical Sciences/Other"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2306-5354/6/3/80/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5354/6/3/80/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering6030080"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Bioengineering", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/bioengineering6030080", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/bioengineering6030080", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/bioengineering6030080"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-09-06T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5071/28theubce2020-1dv.1.23", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:22:40Z", "type": "Journal Article", "title": "Innovative solution for sugarcane straw recovery", "description": "Open AccessBrazil is a major sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) producer and its production more than doubled over the last decades to meet global bioenergy demands for reducing crude oil dependency and mitigating climate change. With the progressive shift from a burned to a non-burned harvest system, most of the straw presently retained on the soil surface has become economically viable feedstock for bioenergy production. Large-scale bioenergy demand has triggered new approaches to straw management in Brazilian sugarcane fields in fact, straw is a promising feedstock for bioelectricity and cellulosic ethanol in Brazil since has become available in large quantities in the field. Straw can be used as fuel for cogeneration systems of sugarcane mills to increase surplus electricity for commercialization. However, the exploitation of straw potential is still limited due to some challenges related to its agricultural harvesting. In this work, two innovative solution for straw recovery are proposed to increase the quality of the biomass reducing the ash content and simplifying the harvesting value chain. The first possibility evaluated the change of the windrowing process technique, from the traditional one to the belt windrower. The second possibility studied was the baling of the straw biomass directly from the harvesting machine, directing one fan of the cleaning system into the baler that follows the harvesting machine. The two harvesting systems proposed tackle the problem providing a solution at the present bottlenecks. However, further studies will be needed to provide scientific evidence of the solutions proposed by acquiring experimental data during straw harvesting field test", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "gricultural residues", " bioethanol", " sugar cane", " renewable energies", " mechanization", "Biomass", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy", "12. Responsible consumption"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Pari, L., Bergonzoli, S., Mangolini Neves, J.L., Lima Verde Leal, M.R.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5071/28theubce2020-1dv.1.23"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Biomass%20Conference%20and%20Exhibition%20Proceedings", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5071/28theubce2020-1dv.1.23", "name": "item", "description": "10.5071/28theubce2020-1dv.1.23", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5071/28theubce2020-1dv.1.23"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.6092/unibo/amsacta/5710", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:25:42Z", "type": "Journal Article", "title": "Consolidation of sugaring marble by hydroxyapatite: some recent developments on producing and treating decayed samples", "description": "Consolidation of sugaring marble (i.e., marble affected by granular disaggregation) still lacks fully effective solutions. Consequently, the use of an innovative phosphate-based treatment, aimed at bonding calcite grains by formation of hydroxyapatite at grain boundaries, has recently been proposed. In this paper, firstly a novel method for producing artificially decayed marble samples, by contact with a heating plate, is proposed. Then, some results are presented about the effectiveness and the compatibility of two different formulations of the phosphate treatment, differing in terms of concentration of the phosphate precursor (3.0 M or 0.1 M aqueous solutions of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, DAP), possible ethanol addition to the DAP solution and number of DAP solution applications (1 or 2). The results of the study point out that the new weathering method allows to obtain specimens with a gradient in microstructural and mechanical properties with thickness, just like naturally weathered samples. Both phosphate treatments were able to significantly improve marble cohesion, without causing significant changes in thermal behaviour and aesthetic appearance after treatment. The addition of small quantities of ethanol to the DAP solution seems to be a very promising method for favouring HAP formation and improving the treatment performance.", "keywords": ["0103 physical sciences", "Grain loss; Thermal ageing; Thermal diffusivity; Calcium phosphates; Ethanol", "02 engineering and technology", "ING-IND/22 Scienza e tecnologia dei materiali", "0210 nano-technology", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "SASSONI, ENRICO, GRAZIANI, GABRIELA, FRANZONI, ELISA, Scherer G. W.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://cris.unibo.it/bitstream/11585/563444/1/Sassoni%20et%20al%20%282016%29%20Some%20Developments%20on%20HAP.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.6092/unibo/amsacta/5710"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20and%20Art%3A%20A%20Future%20for%20Stone%3A%20Proceedings%20of%20the%2013th%20International%20Congress%20on%20the%20Deterioration%20and%20Conservation%20of%20Stone", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.6092/unibo/amsacta/5710", "name": "item", "description": "10.6092/unibo/amsacta/5710", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.6092/unibo/amsacta/5710"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "36598494", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:27:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-01-04", "title": "The effect of methane and methanol on the terrestrial ammonia\u2010oxidizing archaeon \u2018 Candidatus Nitrosocosmicus franklandus C13 \u2019", "description": "AbstractThe ammonia monooxygenase (AMO) is a key enzyme in ammonia\uffe2\uff80\uff90oxidizing archaea, which are abundant and ubiquitous in soil environments. The AMO belongs to the copper\uffe2\uff80\uff90containing membrane monooxygenase (CuMMO) enzyme superfamily, which also contains particulate methane monooxygenase (pMMO). Enzymes in the CuMMO superfamily are promiscuous, which results in co\uffe2\uff80\uff90oxidation of alternative substrates. The phylogenetic and structural similarity between the pMMO and the archaeal AMO is well\uffe2\uff80\uff90established, but there is surprisingly little information on the influence of methane and methanol on the archaeal AMO and terrestrial nitrification. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of methane and methanol on the soil ammonia\uffe2\uff80\uff90oxidizing archaeon \uffe2\uff80\uff98 Candidatus Nitrosocosmicus franklandus C13\uffe2\uff80\uff99. We demonstrate that both methane and methanol are competitive inhibitors of the archaeal AMO. The inhibition constants ( K i ) for methane and methanol were 2.2 and 20\uffe2\uff80\uff89\uffce\uffbcM, respectively, concentrations which are environmentally relevant and orders of magnitude lower than those previously reported for ammonia\uffe2\uff80\uff90oxidizing bacteria. Furthermore, we demonstrate that a specific suite of proteins is upregulated and downregulated in \uffe2\uff80\uff98 Ca. Nitrosocosmicus franklandus C13\uffe2\uff80\uff99 in the presence of methane or methanol, which provides a foundation for future studies into metabolism of one\uffe2\uff80\uff90carbon (C1) compounds in ammonia\uffe2\uff80\uff90oxidizing archaea. In the modern world, many people are changing old dietary and lifestyle habits to improve the quality of their living\uffe2\uff80\uff94to treat or just prevent possible diseases. The main goal of this pilot study was to assess the food and lifestyle impact on exhaled breath volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in various population groups. It was done by employing a recently validated portable membrane-inlet mass spectrometer\uffe2\uff80\uff94MIMS. Thus, the obtained results would also represent the additional confirmation for the employment of the new instrument in the breath analysis. The pilot study involved 151 participants across Europe, including people with overweight, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, people with poor-quality diet and professional athletes. Exhaled breath acetone, ethanol, isoprene, and n-pentane levels were determined in samples before the meal, and 120 min after the meal. Obtained basal ppbv values were mainly in accordance with previously reported, which confirms that MIMS instrument can be used in the breath analysis. Combining the quantified levels along with the information about the participants\uffe2\uff80\uff99 lifestyle habits collected via questionnaire, an assessment of the food and lifestyle impact was obtained. Notable alteration in examined VOC levels upon meal consumption was detected in more than 70% of all participants, with exception for isoprene, which was affected in about half of participants. Lifestyle parameters impact was examined using statistical analysis of variance (ANOVA) on ranks test. Statistically significant differences in basal breath VOC levels were observed among all examined population groups. Also, n-pentane and ethanol levels significantly differed in people of different ages, as well as acetone levels in people with different physical activity habits. These findings are promising for further, more focused research using MIMS technique in breath analysis.Ammonia oxidizers are key players in the global nitrogen cycle and are responsible for the oxidation of ammonia to nitrite, which is further oxidized to nitrate by other microorganisms. Their activity can lead to adverse effects on some human-impacted environments, including water pollution through leaching of nitrate and emissions of the greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (N2O). Ammonia monooxygenase (AMO) is the key enzyme in microbial ammonia oxidation and shared by all groups of aerobic ammonia oxidizers. The AMO has not been purified in an active form, and much of what is known about its potential structure and function comes from studies on its interactions with inhibitors. The archaeal AMO is less well studied as ammonia oxidizing archaea were discovered much more recently than their bacterial counterparts. The inhibition of ammonia oxidation by aliphatic alcohols (C1-C8) using the model terrestrial ammonia oxidizing archaeon \uffe2\uff80\uff98Candidatus Nitrosocosmicus franklandus\uffe2\uff80\uff99 C13 and the ammonia oxidizing bacterium Nitrosomonas europaea was examined in order to expand knowledge about the range of inhibitors of ammonia oxidizers. Methanol was the most potent specific inhibitor of the AMO in both ammonia oxidizers, with half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of 0.19 and 0.31\uffe2\uff80\uff89mM, respectively. The inhibition was AMO-specific in \uffe2\uff80\uff98Ca. N. franklandus\uffe2\uff80\uff99 C13 in the presence of C1-C2 alcohols, and in N. europaea in the presence of C1-C3 alcohols. Higher chain-length alcohols caused non-specific inhibition and also inhibited hydroxylamine oxidation. Ethanol was tolerated by \uffe2\uff80\uff98Ca. N. franklandus\uffe2\uff80\uff99 C13 at a higher threshold concentration than other chain-length alcohols, with 80\uffe2\uff80\uff89mM ethanol being required for complete inhibition of ammonia oxidation.