We sampled isolated trees and tree clusters from a blue oak, Quercus douglasii, savanna to determine the spatial heterogeneity of fine root biomass and soil carbon across the landscape as a function of tree size and configuration. We aimed to understand how fine root structure enables sustained ecosystem metabolism through a summer of limited moisture and high heat and facilitates resource acquisition during the short period of high resource supply. An additional goal was to provide a basis for upscaling root biomass and soil carbon to the landscape scale. We sampled trees of different size and tree clusters via a stratified sampling scheme that accounted for spatial heterogeneity in root biomass and soil carbon with lateral distance from the tree bole, or cluster centre, and soil depth. We upscaled these estimates using site\uffe2\uff80\uff90specific information from a lidar survey. We found that fine roots and soil carbon are spatially heterogeneous in their landscape distribution and greatly increase with tree size. We also found that Q.\uffe2\uff80\uff89douglasii possesses a dimorphic fine root architecture, uniquely suited to the region's climatic constraints and exhibits morphological plasticity among trees of different size and physical setting. Copyright \uffc2\uffa9 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
", "keywords": ["upscaling", "0106 biological sciences", "Agricultural", "Ecology", "Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences", "Forestry Sciences", "fine root biomass", "Quercus douglasii", "spatial heterogeneity", "Veterinary and Food Sciences", "oak savanna", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Biological Sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "3. Good health", "Environmental sciences", "Biological sciences", "veterinary and food sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "soil carbon", "precipitation change", "Environmental Sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.1508"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecohydrology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/eco.1508", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/eco.1508", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/eco.1508"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-06-04T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/ecs2.2645", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:14:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-03-19", "title": "Uneven global distribution of food web studies under climate change", "description": "AbstractTrophic interactions within food webs affect species distributions, coexistence, and provision of ecosystem services but can be strongly impacted by climatic changes. Understanding these impacts is therefore essential for managing ecosystems and sustaining human well\uffe2\uff80\uff90being. Here, we conducted a global synthesis of terrestrial, marine, and freshwater studies to identify key gaps in our knowledge of climate change impacts on food webs and determine whether the areas currently studied are those most likely to be impacted by climate change. We found research suffers from a strong geographic bias, with only 3.5% of studies occurring in the tropics. Importantly, the distribution of sites sampled under projected climate changes was biased\uffe2\uff80\uff94areas with decreases or large increases in precipitation and areas with low magnitudes of temperature change were under\uffe2\uff80\uff90represented. Our results suggest that understanding of climate change impacts on food webs could be broadened by considering more than two trophic levels, responses in addition to species abundance and biomass, impacts of a wider suite of climatic variables, and tropical ecosystems. Most importantly, to enable better forecasts of biodiversity responses to climate change, we identify critically under\uffe2\uff80\uff90represented geographic regions and climatic conditions which should be prioritized in future research.Meeting the energy and nitrogen (N) requirements of high\uffe2\uff80\uff90performing ruminants at the same time as avoiding digestive disturbances (i.e. rumen acidosis) is a key priority in ruminant nutrition. The present study evaluated the effect of a cereal ammoniation treatment, in which barley grains are combined with urea and enzymes that catalyze the conversion of urea to ammonia to optimize rumen function. Twelve rumen cannulated sheep were randomly divided into two groups and fed a diet containing 60% of ammoniated barley (AMM) or untreated barley supplemented with urea (CTL) to investigate the impact on rumen fermentation and feed utilization.
RESULTSAMM had higher total N content and effective rumen degradable N than untreated barely. AMM sheep had a consistently higher rumen pH throughout the day (6.31 versus 6.03) and tended to have a lower post\uffe2\uff80\uff90prandial ammonia peak and higher acetate molar proportion (+5.1%) than CTL sheep. The rumen environment in AMM sheep favored the colonization and utilization of agro\uffe2\uff80\uff90industrial by\uffe2\uff80\uff90products (i.e. orange pulp) by the rumen microbes leading to a higher feed degradability. AMM sheep also had higher total tract apparent N digestibility (+21.7%) and urinary excretion of purine derivatives (+34%), suggesting a higher N uptake and microbial protein synthesis than CTL sheep.
CONCLUSIONThe inclusion of AMM in the diet of ruminants represents a valid strategy for maintaining rumen pH within a physiological range and improving N utilization by the rumen microbes, which could have positive effects on the health and productivity of animals in intensive production systems. These findings warrant further studies under conventional farm conditions. \uffc2\uffa9 2021 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Rumen", "Sheep", "Bacteria", "Food Handling", "0402 animal and dairy science", "Hordeum", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Hydrogen-Ion Concentration", "Animal Feed", "Diet", "Gastrointestinal Microbiome", "Bacterial Proteins", "Ammonia", "Barley", "Rumen fermentation", "Animals", "Urea", "Ammoniation", "Digestion", "Feed utilization", "Research Articles"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/235892/1/235892.pdf"}, {"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/jsfa.11205"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.11205"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20the%20Science%20of%20Food%20and%20Agriculture", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/jsfa.11205", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/jsfa.11205", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/jsfa.11205"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-03-24T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/jsfa.4207", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:14:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-10-27", "title": "Algal Biorefinery-Based Industry: An Approach To Address Fuel And Food Insecurity For A Carbon-Smart World", "description": "Food and fuel production are intricately interconnected. In a carbon-smart society, it is imperative to produce both food and fuel sustainably. Integration of the emerging biorefinery concept with other industries can bring many environmental deliverables while mitigating several sustainability-related issues with respect to greenhouse gas emissions, fossil fuel usage, land use change for fuel production and future food insufficiency. A new biorefinery-based integrated industrial ecology encompasses the different value chain of products, coproducts, and services from the biorefinery industries. This paper discusses a framework to integrate the algal biofuel-based biorefinery, a booming biofuel sector, with other industries such as livestock, lignocellulosic and aquaculture. Using the USA as an example, this paper also illustrates the benefits associated with sustainable production of fuel and food. Policy and regulatory initiatives for synergistic development of the algal biofuel sector with other industries can bring many sustainable solutions for the future existence of mankind.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0301 basic medicine", "Conservation of Natural Resources", "0303 health sciences", "9. Industry and infrastructure", "0402 animal and dairy science", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Aquaculture", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy", "Food Supply", "12. Responsible consumption", "03 medical and health sciences", "Chlorophyta", "13. Climate action", "Biofuels", "11. Sustainability", "Animal Husbandry", "0405 other agricultural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Grinson-George, Bobban Subhadra,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.4207"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20the%20Science%20of%20Food%20and%20Agriculture", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/jsfa.4207", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/jsfa.4207", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/jsfa.4207"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-10-27T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/ldr.3470", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:14:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-11-07", "title": "A global analysis of the impact of zero-tillage on soil physical condition, organic carbon content, and plant root response", "description": "AbstractFood security involves the sustainable utilization of soil and land resources. Zero\uffe2\uff80\uff90tillage (ZT) practice is a proponent of better resource utilization, to improve soil physical condition, and a potential sink to atmospheric carbon. However, the impact varies across climates, over the ZT history, cropping systems, and soil depths. A meta\uffe2\uff80\uff90analysis was performed, based on 4,131 paired data from 522 studies spread globally, to evaluate the effect of ZT in comparison to conventional tillage, on soil physical condition (bulk density; mean weight diameter of aggregates; field capacity water content; and steady\uffe2\uff80\uff90state infiltration rate), soil organic carbon (SOC) content, and the root response (root length density). Zero\uffe2\uff80\uff90tillage significantly improved mean weight diameter of aggregates and field capacity water content at surface and subsurface layers by 19\uffe2\uff80\uff9358% and 6\uffe2\uff80\uff9316%, respectively, and resulted in no change in bulk density in either of the layers, but infiltration rate increased by 66%. Surface 0\uffe2\uff80\uff90 to 5\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and 5\uffe2\uff80\uff90 to 10\uffe2\uff80\uff90cm layers had significantly higher SOC content under ZT, whereas in other layers, the SOC content either reduced or did not change, resulting in a small and insignificant variation in the SOC stock (~1.1%) in favor of ZT. The root length density improved by ~35% in ZT only at 0\uffe2\uff80\uff90 to 5\uffe2\uff80\uff90cm soil depth. Effect of climate, soil type, or cropping system could not be broadly recognized, but the impact of ZT certainly increased over time. Improvements in soil aggregation and hydraulic properties are highly convincing with the adoption of ZT, and therefore, this practice leads to the better and sustainable use of soil resources.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "climate change", "13. Climate action", "carbon", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "food security", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "development", "6. Clean water", "agriculture"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.3470"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Land%20Degradation%20%26amp%3B%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/ldr.3470", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/ldr.3470", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/ldr.3470"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-01-05T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00253-012-4173-2", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:14:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-06-20", "title": "Pectin-Rich Biomass As Feedstock For Fuel Ethanol Production", "description": "The USA has proposed that 30\u00a0% of liquid transportation fuel be produced from renewable resources by 2030 (Perlack and Stokes 2011). It will be impossible to reach this goal using corn kernel-based ethanol alone. Pectin-rich biomass, an under-utilized waste product of the sugar and juice industry, can augment US ethanol supplies by capitalizing on this already established feedstock. Currently, pectin-rich biomass is sold (at low value) as animal feed. This review focuses on the three most studied types of pectin-rich biomass: sugar beet pulp, citrus waste and apple pomace. Fermentations of these materials have been conducted with a variety of ethanologens, including yeasts and bacteria. Escherichia coli can ferment a wide range of sugars including galacturonic acid, the primary component of pectin. However, the mixed acid metabolism of E. coli can produce unwanted side products. Saccharomyces cerevisiae cannot naturally ferment galacturonic acid nor pentose sugars but has a homoethanol pathway. Erwinia chrysanthemi is capable of degrading many of the cell wall components of pectin-rich materials, including pectin. Klebsiella oxytoca can metabolize a diverse array of sugars including cellobiose, one degradation product of cellulose. However, both E. chrysanthemi and K. oxytoca produce side products during fermentation, similar to E. coli. Using pectin-rich residues from industrial processes is beneficial because the material is already collected and partially pretreated to facilitate enzymatic deconstruction of the plant cell walls. Using biomass already produced for other purposes is an attractive practice because fewer greenhouse gases (GHG) will be anticipated from land-use changes.", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "0303 health sciences", "Bacteria", "Ethanol", "Fungi", "Industrial Waste", "Mini-Review", "15. Life on land", "Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology", "7. Clean energy", "12. Responsible consumption", "03 medical and health sciences", "13. Climate action", "Fermentation", "Food Industry", "Pectins", "Biomass", "Biotechnology"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Joy Doran-Peterson, Meredith C. Edwards,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-012-4173-2"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Microbiology%20and%20Biotechnology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00253-012-4173-2", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00253-012-4173-2", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00253-012-4173-2"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-06-14T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00253-019-09689-z", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:14:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-02-20", "title": "Distribution of Oenococcus oeni populations in natural habitats", "description": "Oenococcus oeni is the lactic acid bacteria species most commonly encountered in wine, where it develops after the alcoholic fermentation and achieves the malolactic fermentation that is needed to improve the quality of most wines. O. oeni is abundant in the oenological environment as well as in apple cider and kombucha, whereas it is a minor species in the natural environment. Numerous studies have shown that there is a great diversity of strains in each wine region and in each product or type of wine. Recently, genomic studies have shed new light on the species diversity, population structure, and environmental distribution. They revealed that O. oeni has unique genomic features that have contributed to its fast evolution and adaptation to the enological environment. They have also unveiled the phylogenetic diversity and genomic properties of strains that develop in different regions or different products. This review explores the distribution of O. oeni and the diversity of strains in natural habitats.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "0301 basic medicine", "570", "Evolution", "[SPI.GPROC] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering", "590", "Wine", "01 natural sciences", "Domestication", "Evolution", " Molecular", "03 medical and health sciences", "[SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering", "MD Multidisciplinary", "[SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering", "Ecosystem", "Oenococcus", "Phylogeny", "0303 health sciences", "Malolactic fermentation", "Genetic Variation", "Genomics", "[SDV.IDA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering", "Mini-Review", "Fermentation", "Oenococcus oeni", "Biotechnology"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00253-019-09689-z.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-019-09689-z"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Microbiology%20and%20Biotechnology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00253-019-09689-z", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00253-019-09689-z", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00253-019-09689-z"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-02-20T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00374-002-0532-y", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:14:32Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-02-13", "title": "Effects Of Nitrogen Fertilization On Soil Nitrogen Pools And Microbial Properties In A Hoop Pine ( Araucaria Cunninghamii ) Plantation In Southeast Queensland, Australia", "description": "A field study was conducted to investigate the effects of N fertilization on soil N pools and associated microbial properties in a 13-year-old hoop pine (Araucaria cunninghamii) plantation of southeast Queensland, Australia. The treatments included: (1) control (without N application); (2) 300\u00a0kg N ha\u20131 applied as NH4NO3; and (3) 600\u00a0kg N ha\u20131 as NH4NO3. The experiment employed a randomized complete block design with four replicates. Soil samples were taken approximately 5\u00a0years after the N application. The results showed that application of 600\u00a0kg N ha\u20131 significantly increased concentrations of NH4 +-N in 0\u201310\u00a0cm soil compared with the control and application of 300\u00a0kg N ha\u20131. Concentrations of NO3 \u2013-N in soil (both 0\u201310\u00a0cm and 10\u201320\u00a0cm) with an application rate of 600\u00a0kg N ha\u20131 were significantly higher compared with the control. Application of 600\u00a0kg N ha\u20131 significantly increased gross N mineralization and immobilization rates (0\u201310\u00a0cm soil) determined by 15N isotope dilution techniques under anaerobic incubation, compared with the control. However, N application did not significantly affect the concentrations of soil total C and total N. N application appeared to decrease microbial biomass C and N and respiration, and to increase the metabolic quotient (qCO2) in 0\u201310\u00a0cm soil, but these effects were not statistically significant. The lack of statistical significance in these microbial properties between the treatments might have been associated with large spatial variability between the replicate plots at this experimental site. Spatial variability in soil microbial biomass C and N was found to relate to soil moisture, total C and total N.", "keywords": ["Environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Biological sciences", "Agricultural", "veterinary and food sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Soil chemistry", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Forest soils", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "630", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-002-0532-y"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biology%20and%20Fertility%20of%20Soils", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00374-002-0532-y", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00374-002-0532-y", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00374-002-0532-y"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2002-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00374-010-0487-3", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-13T16:14:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-07-28", "title": "Intermediate Grazing Intensities By Sheep Increase Soil Bacterial Diversities In An Inner Mongolian Steppe", "description": "Ungulate grazing is known to play a crucial role in regulating nutrient cycling and controlling plant community structure and productivity in grassland ecosystems. However, little is known about the effects of grazing intensities on soil bacterial community structure and diversity, particularly at the long-term scale. In this study, we measured plant biomass and diversity, soil characteristics and bacterial community structure, and diversity in a 16-year field experiment that had four grazing intensity treatments (non-grazed, CK; low-intensity grazing (LG), moderate-intensity grazing (MG), and high-intensity grazing (HG)) in an Inner Mongolian typical grassland. The CK, LG, MG, and HG sites were grazed by 0.00, 1.33, 4.00, and 6.67 sheep ha\u22121, respectively. Bacterial community structure and diversity under grazing intensity treatments were assessed with PCR amplification of DNAs extracted from soils and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) separation. The results showed that the CK soil had higher moisture, organic C, NH 4 + \u2013N, and NO 3 \u2212 \u2013N concentrations than grazed soils, and the HG treatment had the lowest plant biomass and diversity across all the treatments. Principal component analysis of DGGE patterns showed that the LG and MG treatments were different from the CK and HG treatments. In addition, soil bacterial diversities in the LG and MG treatments were significantly higher than those in the other treatments. The relationships between environmental variables and soil bacterial community structure were assessed using redundancy analysis, and we found that soil moisture content, Artemisia frigida biomass, and pH were the best indicator of the changes in soil bacterial community structure among all the treatments. Overall, our results indicated that intermediate grazing intensities (LG and MG) increased soil bacterial diversities, and along with previous studies in this area, we suggested the MG treatment was the most suitable management practice in the Inner Mongolian steppe, not only supporting greater livestock amounts but also harboring greater bacterial diversity.", "keywords": ["Environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Biological sciences", "Agricultural", "veterinary and food sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Other environmental sciences not elsewhere classified"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-010-0487-3"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biology%20and%20Fertility%20of%20Soils", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00374-010-0487-3", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00374-010-0487-3", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00374-010-0487-3"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-07-29T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00374-012-0686-1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:14:36Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-04-24", "title": "Effects Of Warming And Increased Precipitation On Soil Carbon Mineralization In An Inner Mongolian Grassland After 6\u00a0Years Of Treatments", "description": "Understanding the responses of soil C mineralization to climate change is critical for evaluating soil C cycling in future climatic scenarios. Here, we took advantage of a multifactor experiment to investigate the individual and combined effects of experimental warming and increased precipitation on soil C mineralization and 13C and 15N natural abundances at two soil depths (0\u201310 and 10\u201320\u00a0cm) in a semiarid Inner Mongolian grassland since April 2005. For each soil sample, we calculated potentially mineralizable organic C (C 0) from cumulative CO2-C evolved as indicators for labile organic C. The experimental warming significantly decreased soil C mineralization and C 0 at the 10\u201320-cm depth (P\u2009<\u20090.05). Increased precipitation, however, significantly increased soil pH, NO 3 \u2212 -N content, soil C mineralization, and C 0 at the 0\u201310-cm depth and moisture and NO 3 \u2212 -N content at the 10\u201320-cm depth (all P\u2009<\u20090.05), while significantly decreased exchangeable NH 4 + -N content and 13C natural abundances at the two depths (both P\u2009<\u20090.05). There were significant warming and increased precipitation interactions on soil C mineralization and C 0, indicating that multifactor interactions should be taken into account in future climatic scenarios. Significantly negative correlations were found between soil C mineralization, C 0, and 13C natural abundances across the treatments (both P\u2009<\u20090.05), implying more plant-derived C input into the soils under increased precipitation. Overall, our results showed that experimental warming and increased precipitation exerted different influences on soil C mineralization, which may have significant implications for C cycling in response to climate change in semiarid and arid regions.", "keywords": ["Environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Biological sciences", "Agricultural", "570", "veterinary and food sciences", "13. Climate action", "Carbon sequestration science", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "630"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-012-0686-1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biology%20and%20Fertility%20of%20Soils", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00374-012-0686-1", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00374-012-0686-1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00374-012-0686-1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-04-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00374-015-1081-5", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-13T16:14:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-12-01", "title": "Warming Effects On Biomass And Composition Of Microbial Communities And Enzyme Activities Within Soil Aggregates In Subtropical Forest", "description": "This study investigated the effects of warming (about 1 \u00b0C) on the biomass and composition of microbial communities and enzyme activities in soil macroaggregates and microaggregates. We fractionated the bulk soils from the control and warming treatments into large macroaggregates (>2000 \u03bcm), small macroaggregates (250\u20132000 \u03bcm) and microaggregates (<250 \u03bcm) using the optimal moist sieving approach. Warming did not significantly affect soil microbial biomass in all aggregate fractions, but significantly altered the soil microbial community composition in the large macroaggregates. The G+:G\u2212 ratio was significantly higher in the small macroaggregates and microaggregates than that in the large macroaggregates in warmed soils, while the stress ratio was significantly higher in the large and small macroaggregates than that in the microaggregates. Soil warming did not significantly affect \u03b2-glucosidase, cellobiohydrolase and N-acetylglucosaminidase activities, but significantly decreased acid phosphomonoesterase activity and increased oxidase activities. Our results suggest that soil microbial community composition in the large macroaggregates might be more sensitive to warming. The differential responses of soil microbial communities and enzyme activities in different aggregate fractions in the warmed soils may have important implications for C cycling in subtropical forest ecosystems.", "keywords": ["Environmental sciences", "Biological sciences", "Agricultural", "veterinary and food sciences", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Other biological sciences not elsewhere classified", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-015-1081-5"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biology%20and%20Fertility%20of%20Soils", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00374-015-1081-5", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00374-015-1081-5", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00374-015-1081-5"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00374-016-1111-y", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:14:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-04-18", "title": "The Impact Of Long-Term Liming On Soil Organic Carbon And Aggregate Stability In Low-Input Acid Soils", "description": "No description supplied", "keywords": ["Environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Biological sciences", "Soil chemistry and soil carbon sequestration (excl. carbon sequestration science)", "Agricultural", " veterinary and food sciences", "FOS: Biological sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "Uncategorized", "Forestry sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Caixian Tang, Peter Sale, Nang Seng Aye,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-016-1111-y"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biology%20and%20Fertility%20of%20Soils", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00374-016-1111-y", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00374-016-1111-y", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00374-016-1111-y"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-04-18T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00442-005-0249-3", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:14:40Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-10-04", "title": "Fungal Community Composition And Metabolism Under Elevated Co2 And O-3", "description": "Atmospheric CO(2) and O(3) concentrations are increasing due to human activity and both trace gases have the potential to alter C cycling in forest ecosystems. Because soil microorganisms depend on plant litter as a source of energy for metabolism, changes in the amount or the biochemistry of plant litter produced under elevated CO(2) and O(3) could alter microbial community function and composition. Previously, we have observed that elevated CO(2) increased the microbial metabolism of cellulose and chitin, whereas elevated O(3) dampened this response. We hypothesized that this change in metabolism under CO(2) and O(3) enrichment would be accompanied by a concomitant change in fungal community composition. We tested our hypothesis at the free-air CO(2) and O(3) enrichment (FACE) experiment at Rhinelander, Wisconsin, in which Populus tremuloides, Betula papyrifera, and Acer saccharum were grown under factorial CO(2) and O(3) treatments. We employed extracellular enzyme analysis to assay microbial metabolism, phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis to determine changes in microbial community composition, and polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) to analyze the fungal community composition. The activities of 1,4-beta-glucosidase (+37%) and 1,4,-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase (+84%) were significantly increased under elevated CO(2), whereas 1,4-beta-glucosidase activity (-25%) was significantly suppressed by elevated O(3). There was no significant main effect of elevated CO(2) or O(3) on fungal relative abundance, as measured by PLFA. We identified 39 fungal taxonomic units from soil using DGGE, and found that O(3) enrichment significantly altered fungal community composition. We conclude that fungal metabolism is altered under elevated CO(2) and O(3), and that there was a concomitant change in fungal community composition under elevated O(3). Thus, changes in plant inputs to soil under elevated CO(2) and O(3) can propagate through the microbial food web to alter the cycling of C in soil.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Food Chain", "Extracellular Enzymes", "Science", "Ecology and Evolutionary Biology", "Polymerase Chain Reaction\u2013Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis", "Polymerase Chain Reaction", "01 natural sciences", "Soil Microbial Community", "Soil", "Ozone", "Health Sciences", "Acetylglucosaminidase", "Cellular and Developmental Biology", "Ecosystem", "Soil Microbiology", "beta-Glucosidase", "Fatty Acids", "Fungi", "Natural Resources and Environment", "Molecular", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "Fungal Metabolism", "Carbon", "Free-air CO 2 and O 3 Enrichment", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Extracellular Space"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-005-0249-3"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Oecologia", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00442-005-0249-3", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00442-005-0249-3", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00442-005-0249-3"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-10-05T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00442-012-2360-6", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:14:41Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-05-21", "title": "Consequences Of Exclusion Of Precipitation On Microorganisms And Microbial Consumers In Montane Tropical Rainforests", "description": "The structure and functioning of decomposer systems heavily relies on soil moisture. However, this has been primarily studied in temperate ecosystems; little is known about how soil moisture affects the microfaunal food web in tropical regions. This lack of knowledge is surprising, since the microfaunal food web controls major ecosystem processes. To evaluate the role of precipitation in the structure of soil food web components (i.e., microorganisms and testate amoebae), we excluded water input by rain in montane rainforests at different altitudes in Ecuador. Rain exclusion strongly reduced microbial biomass and respiration by about 50\u00a0%, and fungal biomass by 23\u00a0%. In testate amoebae, rain exclusion decreased the density of live cells by 91\u00a0% and caused a shift in species composition at each of the altitudes studied, with ergosterol concentrations, microbial biomass, and water content explaining 25\u00a0% of the variation in species data. The results document that reduced precipitation negatively affects soil microorganisms, but that the response of testate amoebae markedly exceeds that of bacteria and fungi. This suggests that, in addition to food, low precipitation directly affects the community structure of testate amoebae, with the effect being more pronounced at lower altitudes. Overall, the results show that microorganisms and testate amoebae rapidly respond to a reduction in precipitation, with testate amoebae-representatives of higher trophic levels-being more sensitive. The results imply that precipitation and soil moisture in tropical rainforests are the main factors regulating decomposition and nutrient turnover.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "Tropical Climate", "Food Chain", "Rain", "Water", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Trees", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "Community ecology - Original research", "Biomass", "Ecuador", "Amoeba", "Ecology", " Evolution", " Behavior and Systematics", "Soil Microbiology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-012-2360-6"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Oecologia", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00442-012-2360-6", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00442-012-2360-6", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00442-012-2360-6"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-05-22T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00442-012-2331-y", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:14:41Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-05-03", "title": "Legacy Effects Of Drought On Plant Growth And The Soil Food Web", "description": "Soils deliver important ecosystem services, such as nutrient provision for plants and the storage of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N), which are greatly impacted by drought. Both plants and soil biota affect soil C and N availability, which might in turn affect their response to drought, offering the potential to feed back on each other's performance. In a greenhouse experiment, we compared legacy effects of repeated drought on plant growth and the soil food web in two contrasting land-use systems: extensively managed grassland, rich in C and with a fungal-based food web, and intensively managed wheat lower in C and with a bacterial-based food web. Moreover, we assessed the effect of plant presence on the recovery of the soil food web after drought. Drought legacy effects increased plant growth in both systems, and a plant strongly reduced N leaching. Fungi, bacteria, and their predators were more resilient after drought in the grassland soil than in the wheat soil. The presence of a plant strongly affected the composition of the soil food web, and alleviated the effects of drought for most trophic groups, regardless of the system. This effect was stronger for the bottom trophic levels, whose resilience was positively correlated to soil available C. Our results show that plant belowground inputs have the potential to affect the recovery of belowground communities after drought, with implications for the functions they perform, such as C and N cycling.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "570", "Food Chain", "Nematoda", "Nitrogen", "577", "Biological Availability", "Plant Development", "Poaceae", "01 natural sciences", "Soil fauna", "Soil", "Animals", "Herbivory", "Ecosystem", "Soil Microbiology", "Triticum", "2. Zero hunger", "Bacteria", "Fungi", "Nitrogen Cycle", "Plants", "15. Life on land", "Carbon", "6. Clean water", "Droughts", "England", "13. Climate action", "Wheat"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-012-2331-y"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Oecologia", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00442-012-2331-y", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00442-012-2331-y", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00442-012-2331-y"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-05-04T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00442-017-3965-6", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:14:41Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-10-05", "title": "Nutrient Limitation Of Soil Microbial Activity During The Earliest Stages Of Ecosystem Development", "description": "A dominant paradigm in ecology is that plants are limited by nitrogen (N) during primary succession. Whether generalizable patterns of nutrient limitation are also applicable to metabolically and phylogenetically diverse soil microbial communities, however, is not well understood. We investigated if measures of N and phosphorus (P) pools inform our understanding of the nutrient(s) most limiting to soil microbial community activities during primary succession. We evaluated soil biogeochemical properties and microbial processes using two complementary methodological approaches-a nutrient addition microcosm experiment and extracellular enzyme assays-to assess microbial nutrient limitation across three actively retreating glacial chronosequences. Microbial respiratory responses in the microcosm experiment provided evidence for N, P and N/P co-limitation at Easton Glacier, Washington, USA, Puca Glacier, Peru, and Mendenhall Glacier, Alaska, USA, respectively, and patterns of nutrient limitation generally reflected site-level differences in soil nutrient availability. The activities of three key extracellular enzymes known to vary with soil N and P availability developed in broadly similar ways among sites, increasing with succession and consistently correlating with changes in soil total N pools. Together, our findings demonstrate that during the earliest stages of soil development, microbial nutrient limitation and activity generally reflect soil nutrient supply, a result that is broadly consistent with biogeochemical theory.", "keywords": ["Washington", "2. Zero hunger", "Nitrogen", "Phosphorus", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Soil", "Food", "Peru", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Ice Cover", "Alaska", "Ecosystem", "Phylogeny", "Soil Microbiology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-017-3965-6"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Oecologia", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00442-017-3965-6", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00442-017-3965-6", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00442-017-3965-6"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-10-05T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10123-021-00215-8", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:14:47Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-10-23", "title": "Novel methods of microbiome analysis in the food industry", "description": "The study of the food microbiome has gained considerable interest in recent years, mainly due to the wide range of applications that can be derived from the analysis of metagenomes. Among these applications, it is worth mentioning the possibility of using metagenomic analyses to determine food authenticity, to assess the microbiological safety of foods thanks to the detection and tracking of pathogens, antibiotic resistance genes and other undesirable traits, as well to identify the microorganisms responsible for food processing defects. Metataxonomics and metagenomics are currently the gold standard methodologies to explore the full potential of metagenomes in the food industry. However, there are still a number of challenges that must be solved in order to implement these methods routinely in food chain monitoring, and for the regulatory agencies to take them into account in their opinions. These challenges include the difficulties of analysing foods and food-related environments with a low microbial load, the lack of validated bioinformatics pipelines adapted to food microbiomes and the difficulty of assessing the viability of the detected microorganisms. This review summarizes the methods of microbiome analysis that have been used, so far, in foods and food-related environments, with a specific focus on those involving Next-Generation Sequencing technologies.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0301 basic medicine", "Food metagenome", "0303 health sciences", "Food microbiome", "3309 Tecnolog\u00eda de Los Alimentos", "Tecnolog\u00eda de los alimentos", "Metataxonomics", "Microbiota", "3309.90 Microbiolog\u00eda de Alimentos", "Drug Resistance", " Microbial", "Resistome", "03 medical and health sciences", "Food Industry", "Metagenome", "Metagenomics"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10123-021-00215-8.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10123-021-00215-8"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/International%20Microbiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10123-021-00215-8", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10123-021-00215-8", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10123-021-00215-8"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-10-23T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10705-014-9658-1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:15:00Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-11-21", "title": "Methane And Nitrous Oxide Emissions From Rice And Maize Production In Diversified Rice Cropping Systems", "description": "Traditional irrigated double-rice cropping systems have to cope with reduced water availability due to changes of climate and economic conditions. To quantify the shift in CH4 and N2O emissions when changing from traditional to diversified double cropping-systems, an experiment including flooded rice, non-flooded \u201caerobic\u201d rice and maize was conducted during the dry season (February\u2013June 2012) in the Philippines. Two automated static chamber\u2013GC systems were used to continuously measure CH4 and N2O emissions in the three cropping systems of which each included three different nitrogen fertilization regimes. Turning away from flooded cropping systems leads to shifts in greenhouse gas emissions from CH4 under wet soil to N2O emissions under drier soil conditions. The global warming potential (GWP) of the non-flooded crops was lower compared to flooded rice, whereas high CH4 emissions under flooded conditions still override enhanced N2O emissions in the upland systems. The yield-scaled GWP favored maize over aerobic rice, due to lower yields of aerobic rice. However, the lower GHG emissions of upland systems are only beneficial if they are not overwhelmed by enhanced losses of soil organic carbon.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/550", "550", "ddc:550", "food security", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "630", "6. Clean water", "Earth sciences", "climate change", "13. Climate action", "8. Economic growth", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "agriculture"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10705-014-9658-1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Nutrient%20Cycling%20in%20Agroecosystems", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10705-014-9658-1", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10705-014-9658-1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10705-014-9658-1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-11-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10745-009-9241-6", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:15:01Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-05-27", "title": "Swidden Transformations And Rural Livelihoods In Southeast Asia", "description": "This paper explores the major interactions between the transformation of swidden farming and the pursuit of rural livelihoods in the uplands of Southeast Asia. The paper draws on selected literature, workshop reflections, and six case studies to describe the causal processes and livelihood consequences of swidden change. Household-level livelihood responses have included both the intensification and \u2018dis-intensification\u2019 of swidden land-use, the insertion of cash crops, the redeployment of household labour, and the taking on of broader (often non-rural) livelihood aspirations and strategies. At the community level there have been emerging institutional arrangements for management of land and forests, and varying degrees of participation in or resistance to government schemes and programs. Swidden change has led to the loss and also the reassertion, realignment, and redefinition of cultures and identities, with important implications for access to resources. The impacts of these changes have been varied. Cash crops have often improved livelihoods but complete specialisation for the market increases vulnerability. Thus swidden can still provide an important safety net in the face of market fluctuations. Improved access to markets and social provision of education and health care have mostly improved the welfare of previously isolated groups. However, growing differences within and between communities in the course of swidden transformations can leave some groups marginalized and worse off. These processes of differentiation can be accentuated by heavy-handed state interventions based on swidden stereotypes. Nevertheless, communities have not passively accepted these pressures and have mobilized to protect their livelihood assets and strategies. Thus swidden farmers are not resisting appropriate and supportive forms of development. They are adopting new practices and engaging with markets, but in many situations swidden is still important to their livelihood strategies, providing resilience in the face of turbulent change. Active involvement of local people is essential in planning, implementing, monitoring and evaluating development and conservation programs in swidden lands. Positive market incentives and supportive government policies are better than standardised, top-down directives.", "keywords": ["0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "910", "livelihoods", "01 natural sciences", "12. Responsible consumption", "Livelihood strategies", "C1", "agricultural development", "11. Sustainability", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Agrarian change", "160804 Rural Sociology", "Uplands", "919999 Economic Framework not elsewhere classified", "upland areas", "1. No poverty", "1601 Anthropology", "160499 Human Geography not elsewhere classified", "Food security", "food security", "Resource tenure", "15. Life on land", "Agency", "governance", "970116 Expanding Knowledge through Studies of Human Society"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10745-009-9241-6"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Human%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10745-009-9241-6", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10745-009-9241-6", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10745-009-9241-6"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-05-28T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10924-020-01884-8", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:15:01Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-09-19", "title": "Upcycling of Vine Shoots: Production of Fillers for PHBV-Based Biocomposite Applications", "description": "AbstractThis paper aims at investigating the potential of vine shoots (ViSh) upcycling as fillers in novel poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) based biocomposites. ViSh particles of around 50\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb5m (apparent median diameter) were obtained combining dry grinding processes, and mixed with PHBV using melt extrusion. Thermal stability and elongation at break of biocomposites were reduced with increasing contents of ViSh particles (10, 20 and 30\uffc2\uffa0wt%), while Young\uffe2\uff80\uff99s modulus and water vapor permeability were increased. It was shown that a surface gas-phase esterification allowed to significantly increase the hydrophobicity of ViSh particles (increase of water contact angles from 59\uffc2\uffb0 to 114\uffc2\uffb0), leading to a reduction of 27% in the water vapor permeability of the biocomposite filled with 30\uffc2\uffa0wt% of ViSh. The overall mechanical performance was not impacted by gas-phase esterification, demonstrating that the interfacial adhesion between the virgin ViSh particles and the PHBV matrix was already good and that such filler surface treatment was not required in that case. It was concluded that ViSh particles can be interestingly used as low cost fillers in PHBV-based biocomposites to decrease the overall cost of materials.
", "keywords": ["660", "[SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "[SDV.IDA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering", "0210 nano-technology", "01 natural sciences", "620", "0104 chemical sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10924-020-01884-8.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-020-01884-8"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Polymers%20and%20the%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10924-020-01884-8", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10924-020-01884-8", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10924-020-01884-8"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-09-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-006-9006-6", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:15:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-06-23", "title": "Yields And Accumulations Of N And P In Farmer-Managed Intercrops Of Maize\u2013Pigeonpea In Semi-Arid Africa", "description": "Maize (Zea mays L.) is a major staple food in Sub-Saharan Africa but low soil fertility, limited resources and droughts keep yields low. Cultivation of maize intercropped with pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L. Millsp.) is common in some areas of eastern and southern Africa. The objectives of this study were (1) to investigate dry matter, nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) accumulation in different plant components of maize\u2013pigeonpea intercropping systems and (2) to report the effects of the intercrops on soil fertility. Maize\u2013pigeonpea intercrops were compared to sole maize grown using farmers\u02019 practices. Intercropping maize and pigeonpea increased (P 0.11). Nitrate and ammonium levels in soil were still not affected by the treatments after the soils were incubated in anaerobic conditions for 8 days at 37\u00b0C (P > 0.11). However, pigeonpea added up to 60 kg of N ha\u22121 to the system and accumulated up to 6 kg of P ha\u22121 and only 25% of this N and P were exported in the grain. In conclusion, beside the added grain yield of pigeonpea in the intercropped systems, pigeonpea increased the recirculation of dry matter, N and P, which may have a long-term effect on soil fertility. Furthermore, the stems from pigeonpea contributed to household fuel wood consumption. The intercropped system thus had multiple benefits that gave significant increase in combined yield per unit area without additional labour requirements. The main requirement in order to up-scale the maize\u2013pigeonpea intercropping approach is sufficient supply of high-quality pigeonpea seeds.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Food security", " food quality and human health", "Farm nutrient management", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Recycling", " balancing and resource management", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-006-9006-6"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-006-9006-6", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-006-9006-6", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-006-9006-6"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-06-24T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-011-0870-3", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:15:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-07-05", "title": "Biochar Adsorbed Ammonia Is Bioavailable", "description": "Biochar is produced as a by-product of the low temperature pyrolysis of biomass during bioenergy extraction and its incorporation into soil is of global interest as a potential carbon sequestration tool. Biochar influences soil nitrogen transformations and its capacity to take up ammonia is well recognized. Anthropogenic emissions of ammonia need to be mitigated due to negative environmental impacts and economic losses. Here we use an isotope of nitrogen to show that ammonia-N adsorbed by biochar is stable in ambient air, but readily bioavailable when placed in the soil. When biochars, containing adsorbed 15N labelled ammonia, were incorporated into soil the 15N recovery by roots averaged 6.8% but ranged from 26.1% to 10.9% in leaf tissue due to differing biochar properties with plant 15N recovery greater when acidic biochars were used to capture ammonia. Recovery of 15N as total soil nitrogen (organic+inorganic) ranged from 45% to 29% of 15N applied. We provide a proof of concept for a synergistic mitigation option where anthropogenic ammonia emissions could be captured using biochar, and made bioavailable in soils, thus leading to nitrogen capture by crops, while simultaneously sequestering carbon in soils.", "keywords": ["ryegrass", "550", "ANZSRC::31 Biological sciences", "ANZSRC::0703 Crop and Pasture Production", "ANZSRC::050301 Carbon Sequestration Science", "ANZSRC::30 Agricultural", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "540", "ammonia", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "nitrogen", "veterinary and food sciences", "13. Climate action", "ANZSRC::0503 Soil Sciences", "ANZSRC::41 Environmental sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "biochar", "ANZSRC::070304 Crop and Pasture Biomass and Bioproducts", "N stable isotope", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-011-0870-3"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-011-0870-3", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-011-0870-3", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-011-0870-3"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-07-06T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11367-020-01824-7", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:15:19Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-10-09", "title": "Using life cycle assessment to quantify the environmental benefit of upcycling vine shoots as fillers in biocomposite packaging materials", "description": "AbstractPurposeThe objective of the present study was to better understand the potential environmental benefit of using vine shoots (ViShs), an agricultural residue, as filler in composite materials. For that purpose, a comparative life cycle assessment (LCA) of a rigid tray made of virgin poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) PHBV, polylactic acid (PLA) or polypropylene (PP), and increasing content of ViSh particles was performed. The contribution of each processing step in the life cycle on the different environmental impacts was identified and discussed. Furthermore, the balance between the environmental and the economic benefits of composite trays was discussed.
MethodsThis work presents a cradle-to-grave LCA of composite rigid trays. Once collected in vineyards, ViShs were dried and ground using dry fractionation processes, then mixed with a polymer matrix by melt extrusion to produce compounds that were finally injected to obtain rigid trays for food packaging. The density of each component was taken into account in order to compare trays with the same volume. The maximum filler content was set to 30 vol% according to recommendations from literature and industrial data. The ReCiPe 2016 Midpoint Hierarchist (H) methodology was used for the assessment using the cutoff system model.
Results and discussionThis study showed that bioplastics are currently less eco-friendly than PP. This is in part due to the fact that LCA does not account for, in existing tools, effects of microplastic accumulation and that bioplastic technologies are still under development with low tonnage. This study also demonstrated the environmental interest of the development of biocomposites by the incorporation of ViSh particles. The minimal filler content of interest depended on the matrices and the impact categories. Concerning global warming, composite trays had less impact than virgin plastic trays from 5 vol% for PHBV or PLA and from 20 vol% for PP. Concerning PHBV, the only biodegradable polymer in natural conditions in this study, the price and the impact on global warming are reduced by 25% and 20% respectively when 30 vol% of ViSh are added.
ConclusionThe benefit of using vine shoots in composite materials from an environmental and economical point of view was demonstrated. As a recommendation, the polymer production step, which constitutes the most important impact, should be optimized and the maximum filler content in composite materials should be increased.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "660", "Biomateriau", "Extrusion", "600", "02 engineering and technology", "[SDV.IDA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering", "/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/responsible_consumption_and_production; name=SDG 12 - Responsible Consumption and Production", "01 natural sciences", "12. Responsible consumption", "Life cycle assessment", "Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate)", "/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/affordable_and_clean_energy; name=SDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy", "Packaging", "13. Climate action", "[SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering", "8. Economic growth", "Emballage alimentaire", "/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/climate_action; name=SDG 13 - Climate Action", "Vine shoots", "0210 nano-technology", "Biocomposite", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11367-020-01824-7.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11367-020-01824-7"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/The%20International%20Journal%20of%20Life%20Cycle%20Assessment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11367-020-01824-7", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11367-020-01824-7", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11367-020-01824-7"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-10-09T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11368-009-0178-6", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:15:19Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-01-26", "title": "Carbon Dynamics In Subtropical Forest Soil: Effects Of Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Enrichment And Nitrogen Addition", "description": "The levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration ([CO2]) are rapidly increasing. Understanding carbon (C) dynamics in soil is important for assessing the soil C sequestration potential under elevated [CO2]. Nitrogen (N) is often regarded as a limiting factor in the soil C sequestration under future CO2 enrichment environment. However, few studies have been carried out to examine what would happen in the subtropical or tropical areas where the ambient N deposition is high. In this study, we used open-top chambers to study the effect of elevated atmospheric [CO2] alone and together with N addition on the soil C dynamics in the first 4\u00a0years of the treatments applied in southern China. Above- and below-ground C input (tree biomass) into soil, soil respiration, soil organic C, and total N as well as dissolved organic C (DOC) were measured periodically in each of the open-top chambers. Soil samples were collected randomly in each chamber from each of the soil layers (0\u201320, 20\u201340, and 40\u201360\u00a0cm) using a standard soil sampling tube (2.5-cm inside diameter). Soil leachates were collected at the bottom of the chamber below-ground walls in stainless steel boxes. The highest above- and below-ground C input into soil was found in the high CO2 and high N treatment (CN), followed by the only high N treatment (N+), the only high CO2 treatment (C+), and then the control (CK) without any CO2 enrichment or N addition. DOC in the leachates was small for all the treatments. Export of DOC played a minor role in C cycling in our experiment. Generally, soil respiration rate in the chambers followed the order: CN treatment\u2009>\u2009C\u2009+\u2009treatment\u2009>\u2009N\u2009+\u2009treatment\u2009>\u2009the control. Except for the C+ treatment, there were no significant differences in soil total N among the CN treatment, N + treatment, and the control. Overall, soil organic C (SOC) was significantly affected by the treatments (p\u2009 \u2009N\u2009+\u2009treatment\u2009>\u2009C\u2009+\u2009treatment\u2009=\u2009CK treatment. Compared with the control, the higher SOC in the CN and N+ treatment was due to the greater above- and below-ground C input. The increased soil respiration in the C+ treatment led to the lower SOC. Elevated atmospheric [CO2] in the subtropical China accelerated soil C sequestration in this area; however, this increase would still need additional N input. The increased soil C pool was due to the enhanced tree growth. Special climatic condition in this area and the high density of tree planting might further accelerate soil C sequestration in this area.", "keywords": ["Environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Earth sciences", "Agricultural", "veterinary and food sciences", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Soil sciences not elsewhere classified", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-009-0178-6"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Soils%20and%20Sediments", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11368-009-0178-6", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11368-009-0178-6", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11368-009-0178-6"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-01-27T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11368-010-0238-y", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:15:20Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-04-29", "title": "Soil Microbial Biomass, Activity And Community Composition In Adjacent Native And Plantation Forests Of Subtropical Australia", "description": "Purpose Soil nitrogen (N) availability is a critical determinant of plantation productivity in subtropical Australia and is influenced by the soil microbial community. The size, structure and function of the soil microbial community can be impacted by land-use change and residue management. The objectives of this study were to examine the impact of land-use change from (1) native forest (NF) to first rotation (1R) hoop pine plantation and (2) 1R hoop pine plantation to second rotation (2R) hoop pine plantation on the soil microbial community. The impact of residue management on the soil microbial community was also investigated in the 2R forest, where soil microbial parameters were measured in tree rows (2R-T) and windrows (2R-W). In addition, relationships between soil microbial parameters and soil N parameters were investigated.", "keywords": ["Environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Earth sciences", "Agricultural", "570", "veterinary and food sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Soil sciences not elsewhere classified", "630"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-010-0238-y"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Soils%20and%20Sediments", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11368-010-0238-y", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11368-010-0238-y", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11368-010-0238-y"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-04-30T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s12571-011-0112-9", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:15:24Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-02-18", "title": "Stress-Adapted Extremophiles Provide Energy Without Interference With Food Production", "description": "How to wean humanity off the use of fossil fuels continues to receive much attention but how to replace these fuels with renewable sources of energy has become a contentious field of debate as well as research, which often reflects economic and political factors rather than scientific good sense. It is clear that not every advertized energy source can lead to a sustainable, humane and environment-friendly path out of a future energy crisis. Our proposal is based on two assertions: that the use of food crops for biofuels is immoral, and that for this purpose using land suitable for growing crops productively is to be avoided. We advocate a focus on new 'extremophile' crops. These would either be wild species adapted to extreme environments which express genes, developmental processes and metabolic pathways that distin- guish them from traditional crops or existing crops genetically modified to withstand extreme environments. Such extrem- ophile energy crops (EECs), will be less susceptible to stresses in a changing global environment and provide higher yields than existing crops. Moreover, they will grow on land that has never been valuable for agriculture or is no longer so, owing to centuries or millennia of imprudent exploitation. Such a policy will contribute to striking a balance between ecosystem protection and human resource management. Beyond that, rather than bulk liquid fuel generation, combus- tion of various biomass sources including extremophiles for generating electrical energy, and photovoltaics-based capture of solar energy, are superbly suitable candidates for powering the world in the future. Generating electricity and efficient storage capacity is quite possibly the only way for a sustainable post-fossil and, indeed, post-biofuel fuel economy.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "0301 basic medicine", "Abiotic stress tolerance", "15. Life on land", "Bioenergy generation", "Food or fuel", "7. Clean energy", "01 natural sciences", "12. Responsible consumption", "Extremophiles", "03 medical and health sciences", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "Alternative crops"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s12571-011-0112-9"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Food%20Security", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s12571-011-0112-9", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s12571-011-0112-9", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s12571-011-0112-9"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-02-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-016-3052-5", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:15:13Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-09-10", "title": "Effects Of Forest Thinning On Soil-Plant Carbon And Nitrogen Dynamics", "description": "Corymbia spp. (previously included in the genus Eucalyptus) are common species in sub/tropical Australia and produce high quality timber and round logs. Thinning of native forests helps to preserve native tree species and is more sustainable than replacing native forest stands with mono-species plantations to produce timber. This study aimed to explore the effects of native forest thinning on soil-plant carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) dynamics in two experimental sites, Esk (5\u00a0years post-thinning) and Herberton (7\u00a0years post-thinning), situated in Queensland, Australia. The two sites had different thinning regimes. The final stocking rates varied between 75 and 200 stems ha\u22121 at Esk and between 250 and 400 stems ha\u22121 at Herberton. The thinned plots were compared to un-thinned plots. Soil samples were collected to measure labile C and N. Leaf samples were collected from C. variegata and C. citriodora in Esk and Herberton respectively. Thinning did not change soil total C, total N, \u03b415N and inorganic N at either Esk or Herberton. However, at Esk, intensive thinning resulted in decreases in water soluble total N (WSTN). Foliar \u03b413C did not vary with respect to thinning whereas foliar \u03b415N values were more enriched in thinned areas than those of un-thinned plots. The stepwise linear regression indicated that both foliar total N and \u03b415N were explained mainly by soil TN and WSTN. Thinning did not change soil C and N most likely due to the retention of thinned materials on site and their incorporation into soil. Foliar \u03b413C was not thinning-dependent due to homeostatic maintenance of the ratio of intercellular to ambient CO2 concentrations during photosynthesis. In our study, soil N was not a limiting factor for foliar N, however, foliar N was mainly driven by WSTN which may foreshadow a possible N limitation in severely thinned plots in the long term. We conclude that forest thinning does not decrease soil C and N availability in native Corymbia forests for several years post-thinning if the thinned materials are retained on site.", "keywords": ["570", "Corymbia spp", "Inorganic nitrogen", "stable isotopes", "veterinary and food sciences", "eucalyptus spp", "Other environmental sciences not elsewhere classified", "FoR 06 (Biological Sciences)", "Stable isotopes", "Farm forestry", "580", "Agricultural", "farm forestry", "FoR 07 (Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences)", "inorganic nitrogen", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "corymbia spp", "Environmental sciences", "Biological sciences", "Eucalyptus spp", "070501 Agroforestry", "Water soluble total N and C", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "water soluble total N and C", "FoR 05 (Environmental Sciences)"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-016-3052-5"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-016-3052-5", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-016-3052-5", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-016-3052-5"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-09-10T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-016-2995-x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:15:13Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-07-26", "title": "Prescribed Fire Alters Foliar Stoichiometry And Nutrient Resorption In The Understorey Of A Subtropical Eucalypt Forest", "description": "Changes to soil nutrient concentrations following vegetation fire may affect biogeochemical cycling and foliar stoichiometry. Phosphorus (P)-limited plant communities are widespread and may be particularly sensitive to fire, but have received relatively little research attention in this context. We measured soil nutrient concentrations, foliar carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and P stoichiometry of understorey plants in a recently, frequently burned eucalyptus forest area in south-east Queensland, Australia, and compared these properties to an adjacent unburned area. Surface soils in the area subjected to relatively recent, frequent prescribed burning had higher P concentrations than those in the adjacent unburned area, although this did not include the \u2018available\u2019 forms of P. All plant species had high foliar N:P ratios, regardless of fire history, consistent with widespread P-limitation. Some species had lower foliar N:P ratios in the burned area, indicating interspecific variation in nutrient requirements and burning responses. The nutrient resorption proficiencies of a grasstree (Xanthorrhoea johnsonii Lee) were lower in the burned area, suggesting that the nutrient cycling of this species was made less conservative by burning. The stoichiometric patterns observed in the responses of plants to prescribed burning highlight the significance of fire in this P-impoverished plant community, and suggest the potential value of stoichiometric approaches in fire ecology.", "keywords": ["580", "Agricultural", "ecological stoichiometry", "Forest meteorology. Forest microclimatology", "FoR 07 (Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences)", "phosphorus limitation", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Environmental sciences", "fire ecology", "Biological sciences", "Research. Experimentation", "veterinary and food sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Soils. Soil science", "Other environmental sciences not elsewhere classified", "FoR 05 (Environmental Sciences)", "FoR 06 (Biological Sciences)", "forest fire"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-016-2995-x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-016-2995-x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-016-2995-x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-016-2995-x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-07-26T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.fm.2020.103583", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:16:26Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-06-27", "title": "Combined application of antagonistic Wickerhamomyces anomalus BS91 strain and Cynara cardunculus L. leaf extracts for the control of postharvest decay of citrus fruit", "description": "Combined use of biocontrol agents and plant extracts can be considered a viable and promising strategy for protecting plant tissues with different synergistic mechanisms of action that improve the antimicrobial activity of the mixtures. Treatments of citrus fruits with Wickerhamomyces anomalus BS91 have been previously reported as effective measures to reduce the incidence of green mold caused by Penicillium digitatum. On the opposite, the knowledge of the antifungal activity of cultivated cardoon (Cynara cardunculus L. var. altilis DC.) leaf extract, vegetable widespread in some Mediterranean areas, is still very limited. In this study, experimental trials were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness in vitro of leaf aqueous, methanolic and ethanolic extracts of C. cardunculus against seven fungal pathogens responsible for considerable food losses in the postharvest stage. In addition, biocontrol yeast W. anomalus BS91 and the three C. cardunculus extracts were tested in vivo both as a single treatment and in mixture, against Penicillium digitatum on 'Tarocco' oranges and 'Femminello' lemons. The combination of W. anomalus BS91 and leaf ethanolic extract reduced with the highest efficacy the incidence and severity of green mold on orange and lemon fruits with respect to the control, and was more effective than treatment with antagonistic yeast or leaf extracts applied alone. Incidence and severity of citrus decay were more consistently reduced when mixtures were applied 24\u00a0h before the inoculation of the pathogen, thus suggesting the relevance of preventive treatments. The mixtures of antagonistic W. anomalus BS91 and ethanolic leaf extract were more effective in controlling green mold decay on oranges than on lemons. These results indicate that biocontrol agents and leaf extracts, used in appropriate combination, can provide a stronger protection than when used singularly. However, compatibility between microbial antagonist and antimicrobial extract should be preliminary verified.", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "Citrus", "0303 health sciences", "Plant Extracts", "Penicillium", "Biocontrol; Yeasts; Cynara cardunculus; Citrus; Green mold; Postharvest", "Cynara", "Biocontrol", " Citrus", " Cynara cardunculus", " Green mold", " Postharvest", " Yeasts", "03 medical and health sciences", "Biological Control Agents", "Food Preservation", "Fruit", "Antibiosis", "Saccharomycetales", "Biocontrol; Citrus; Cynara cardunculus; Green mold; Postharvest; Yeasts", "Plant Diseases"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.iris.unict.it/bitstream/20.500.11769/494574/1/Food%20Microbiology%202020.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fm.2020.103583"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Food%20Microbiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.fm.2020.103583", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.fm.2020.103583", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.fm.2020.103583"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11368-011-0388-6", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:15:20Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-06-06", "description": "Purpose Small but highly bioactive labile carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) pools are of great importance in controlling terrestrial C and N fluxes, whilst long-term C and N storage is determined by less labile but relatively large sizes of C and N pools. Little information is available about the effects of global warming and grazing on different forms of C and N pools in the Qinghai\u2013Tibet Plateau of China. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of warming and grazing on the sizes of different soil labile C and N pools and N transformation in this region.", "keywords": ["Environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Earth sciences", "Soil chemistry and soil carbon sequestration (excl. carbon sequestration science)", "Agricultural", "Soil biology", "veterinary and food sciences", "13. Climate action", "577", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-011-0388-6"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Soils%20and%20Sediments", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11368-011-0388-6", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11368-011-0388-6", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11368-011-0388-6"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-06-07T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11130-020-00799-y", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:15:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-02-03", "title": "Profile and Content of Residual Alkaloids in Ten Ecotypes of Lupinus mutabilis Sweet after Aqueous Debittering Process", "description": "AbstractThe evaluation of the level of alkaloids in edible Lupinus species is crucial from a food safety point of view. Debittering of lupin seeds has a long history; however, the control of the level of alkaloids after processing the seeds is typically only evaluated by changes in the bitter taste. The aim of this study was to evaluate the profile and residual levels of quinolizidine alkaloids (QA) in (Lupinus mutabilis Sweet) after aqueous debittering process. Samples from 10 ecotypes from different areas of Peru were analyzed before and after the process. Based on results obtained by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry, from eight alkaloids identified before the debittering process, only small amounts of lupanine (avg. 0.0012\uffc2\uffa0g/100\uffc2\uffa0g DM) and sparteine (avg. 0.0014\uffc2\uffa0g/100\uffc2\uffa0g DM) remained in the seeds after the debittering process, and no other alkaloids were identified. The aqueous debittering process reduced the content of alkaloids to levels far below the maximal level allowed by international regulations (\uffe2\uff89\uffa4 0.2\uffc2\uffa0g/kg DM).
", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "Lupin Seeds", "Sparteine", "Organic chemistry", "Propiedades fisicoqu\u00edmicas", "Plant Science", "Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry", "Evolution and Nutritional Properties of Lupin Seeds", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Food science", "Per\u00fa", "03 medical and health sciences", "Deshidrataci\u00f3n acuosa", "Alkaloids", "Secado", "Tarwi", "https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#2.11.01", "Granos", "Composici\u00f3n qu\u00edmica", "ta116", "Biology", "Ecotipos", "Ecology", " Evolution", " Behavior and Systematics", "Ecotype", "2. Zero hunger", "Original Paper", "0303 health sciences", "Rendimiento", "Procesamiento", "Evaluaci\u00f3n", "ta1183", "An\u00e1lisis organol\u00e9ptico", "ta1182", "Botany", "Life Sciences", "Diversity and Applications of Cyperus Species", "Lupinus", "Chocho", "Chemistry", "Contenido proteico", "Evolution and Ecology of Endophyte-Grass Symbiosis", "Taste", "Seeds", "Lupinus mutabilis"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11130-020-00799-y.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11130-020-00799-y"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20Foods%20for%20Human%20Nutrition", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11130-020-00799-y", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11130-020-00799-y", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11130-020-00799-y"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-02-03T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11130-016-0583-0", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:15:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-11-05", "title": "Evaluation of Physicochemical and Glycaemic Properties of Commercial Plant-Based Milk Substitutes", "description": "The market for plant-based dairy-type products is growing as consumers replace bovine milk in their diet, for medical reasons or as a lifestyle choice. A screening of 17 different commercial plant-based milk substitutes based on different cereals, nuts and legumes was performed, including the evaluation of physicochemical and glycaemic properties. Half of the analysed samples had low or no protein contents (<0.5\u00a0%). Only samples based on soya showed considerable high protein contents, matching the value of cow's milk (3.7\u00a0%). An in-vitro method was used to predict the glycaemic index. In general, the glycaemic index values ranged from 47 for bovine milk to 64 (almond-based) and up to 100 for rice-based samples. Most of the plant-based milk substitutes were highly unstable with separation rates up to 54.39\u00a0%/h. This study demonstrated that nutritional and physicochemical properties of plant-based milk substitutes are strongly dependent on the plant source, processing and fortification. Most products showed low nutritional qualities. Therefore, consumer awareness is important when plant-based milk substitutes are used as an alternative to cow's milk in the diet.", "keywords": ["Blood Glucose", "0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "Original Paper", "0303 health sciences", "Glycine max", "Plant-based milk substitutes", "Glycaemic index", "Oryza", "Dispersion stability", "03 medical and health sciences", "Chemistry (miscellaneous)", "Humans", "plant-based milk substitutes; protein requirement; glycaemic index; dispersion stability", "Protein requirement", "Milk Substitutes", "Nutritive Value", "Food Science"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://iris.uniroma1.it/bitstream/11573/1660889/1/Jeske_Evaluation-of-physicochemical_2017.pdf"}, {"href": "http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11130-016-0583-0.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11130-016-0583-0"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20Foods%20for%20Human%20Nutrition", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11130-016-0583-0", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11130-016-0583-0", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11130-016-0583-0"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-11-05T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11368-010-0191-9", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:15:19Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-03-02", "title": "Soil Soluble Organic Carbon And Nitrogen Pools Under Mono- And Mixed Species Forest Ecosystems In Subtropical China", "description": "Purpose The objective of the present study was to assess the differences in soil total C and N, microbial biomass C and N, soil soluble organic C and N among eight mono- and mixed species forest ecosystems (18-year-old restoration) in subtropical China.", "keywords": ["Environmental sciences", "Earth sciences", "Agricultural", "570", "veterinary and food sciences", "550", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Soil sciences not elsewhere classified"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-010-0191-9"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Soils%20and%20Sediments", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11368-010-0191-9", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11368-010-0191-9", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11368-010-0191-9"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-03-03T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11368-013-0775-2", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:15:20Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-09-02", "title": "Hot Water Extractable Phosphorus Pools As Indicators Of Soil P Responses To Harvest Residue Management In An Exotic Pine Plantation Of Subtropical Australia", "description": "Purpose This study evaluated the potential of using hot water extractable phosphorus (P) pools as a method to assess the impacts of harvest residue management on the bioavailability of P in an exotic pine plantation of southeast Queensland, Australia.", "keywords": ["Environmental sciences", "Earth sciences", "Soil chemistry and soil carbon sequestration (excl. carbon sequestration science)", "Agricultural", "veterinary and food sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-013-0775-2"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Soils%20and%20Sediments", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11368-013-0775-2", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11368-013-0775-2", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11368-013-0775-2"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-09-03T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11368-016-1602-3", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:15:21Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-11-24", "title": "Plant-Soil Interaction Affects The Mineralization Of Soil Organic Carbon: Evidence From 73-Year-Old Plantations With Three Coniferous Tree Species In Subtropical Australia", "description": "Plantation is an important strategy for forest restoration and carbon (C) storage. Plantations with different tree species could significantly affect soil properties, including soil pH, soil nutrient content, soil microbial activities, and soil dissolved organic C. Changes in these abiotic and biotic factors could regulate mineralization of soil organic C (SOC). However, it remains unclear to what extent these factors affect the mineralization of SOC under different tree species plantations. Soil was collected at 0\u201310\u00a0cm depth from plantations with Pinus elliottii Engelm. var. elliottii, Araucaria cunninghamii, and Agathis australis, respectively, in southeast Queensland, Australia. Soil samples were assayed for soil organic C; organic N and mineralization of SOC; soil particle size; total C, N, and P; and pH. In addition, a 42-day laboratory incubation with substrate additions was done to examine the influence of different substrates and their combinations on bio-available organic C. Our results suggested that SOC mineralization was mainly determined by soil pH and soil C content among plantations with different tree species, whereas SOC mineralization was not correlated with soil N and P contents. These results were further confirmed by the substrate addition experiments. SOC mineralization of soils from slash pine showed greater response to C (glucose) addition than soils from other two plantations, which suggested significant differences in SOC mineralization among plantations with different tree species. However, neither N addition nor P addition had significant effects on SOC mineralization. Our results indicated that plantations with different tree species substantially affect the mineralization and stability of soil organic C pool mainly by soil pH and soil C content.", "keywords": ["Environmental sciences", "Earth sciences", "Agricultural", "570", "Soil biology", "veterinary and food sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "630"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-016-1602-3"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Soils%20and%20Sediments", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11368-016-1602-3", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11368-016-1602-3", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11368-016-1602-3"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-11-24T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11368-017-1899-6", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:15:21Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-12-22", "title": "A meta-analysis and critical evaluation of influencing factors on soil carbon priming following biochar amendment", "description": "Previous studies have found biochar-induced effects on native soil organic carbon (NSOC) decomposition, with a range of positive, negative and no priming reported. However, many uncertainties still exist regarding which parameters drive the amplitude and the direction of the biochar priming. We conducted a quantitative analysis of 1170 groups of data from 27 incubation studies using boosted regression trees (BRTs). BRT is a machine learning method combining regression trees and a boosting algorithm, which can effectively partition independent influences of various factors on the target variable in the complex ecological processes. The BRT model explained a total of 72.4% of the variation in soil carbon (C) priming following biochar amendment, in which incubation conditions (36.5%) and biochar properties (33.7%) explained a larger proportion than soil properties (29.8%). The predictors that substantially accounted for the explained variation included incubation time (27.1%) and soil moisture (5.0%), biochar C/N ratio (6.2%), nitrogen content (5.5%), pyrolysis time during biochar production (5.1%), biochar pH (4.5%), soil C content (5.2%), sand (4.7%) and clay content (4.1%). In contrast, other incubation conditions (temperature, biochar dose, whether nutrient was added), biochar properties (biochar C, feedstock type, ash content, pyrolysis temperature, whether biochar was activated) and soil properties (nitrogen content, silt content, C/N ratio, pH, land use type) had small contribution (each <\u20094%). Positive priming occurred within the first 2\u00a0years of incubations, with a change to negative priming afterwards. The priming was negative for low N biochar or in high-moisture soils but positive on their reverse sides. The size of negative priming increased with rising biochar C/N ratio, pyrolysis time and soil clay content, but deceased with soil C/N ratio. We determine the critical drivers for biochar effect on native soil organic C cycling, which can help us to better predict soil C sequestration following biochar amendment.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Agricultural", "550", "1904 Earth-Surface Processes", "Soil respiration", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Boosted regression tree", "Incubation time", "Native soil organic matter", "Environmental sciences", "Earth sciences", "veterinary and food sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Priming effect", "1913 Stratigraphy", "Pyrogenic organic matter"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-017-1899-6"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Soils%20and%20Sediments", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11368-017-1899-6", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11368-017-1899-6", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11368-017-1899-6"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-12-22T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s13280-016-0836-z", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:15:26Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-11-17", "title": "The impact of swidden decline on livelihoods and ecosystem services in Southeast Asia: A review of the evidence from 1990 to 2015", "description": "Open AccessEl cambio econ\u00f3mico global y las intervenciones pol\u00edticas est\u00e1n impulsando las transiciones de los sistemas de golondrina larga (EPA) a usos alternativos de la tierra en las tierras altas del sudeste asi\u00e1tico. Este estudio presenta una revisi\u00f3n sistem\u00e1tica de c\u00f3mo estas transiciones impactan en los medios de vida y los servicios ecosist\u00e9micos en la regi\u00f3n. M\u00e1s de 17 000 estudios publicados entre 1950 y 2015 se redujeron, en funci\u00f3n de la relevancia y la calidad, a 93 estudios para su posterior an\u00e1lisis. Nuestro an\u00e1lisis de las transiciones del uso de la tierra de los sistemas de cultivo sucios a los intensificados mostr\u00f3 varios resultados: m\u00e1s hogares hab\u00edan aumentado los ingresos generales, pero estos beneficios tuvieron un costo significativo, como la reducci\u00f3n de las pr\u00e1cticas consuetudinarias, el bienestar socioecon\u00f3mico, las opciones de medios de vida y los rendimientos de los productos b\u00e1sicos. El examen de los efectos de las transiciones en las propiedades del suelo revel\u00f3 impactos negativos en el carbono org\u00e1nico del suelo, la capacidad de intercambio cati\u00f3nico y el carbono sobre el suelo. En conjunto, los impulsores inmediatos y subyacentes de las transiciones de la EPA a los usos alternativos de la tierra, especialmente la intensificaci\u00f3n de los cultivos comerciales perennes y anuales, condujeron a disminuciones significativas en la seguridad de los medios de vida preexistentes y los servicios ecosist\u00e9micos que respaldan esta seguridad. Nuestros resultados sugieren que las pol\u00edticas que imponen transiciones en el uso de la tierra a los agricultores de las tierras altas para mejorar los medios de vida y los entornos han sido err\u00f3neas; en el contexto de los diversos usos de la tierra, la agricultura sucia puede apoyar los medios de vida y los servicios ecosist\u00e9micos que ayudar\u00e1n a amortiguar los impactos del cambio clim\u00e1tico en el sudeste asi\u00e1tico.", "keywords": ["Economics", "Cropping", "Geography", " Planning and Development", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Optimal Operation of Water Resources Systems", "Review", "02 engineering and technology", "livelihoods", "910", "630", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "land-use change", "Livelihood", "Engineering", "Context (archaeology)", "Natural resource economics", "11. Sustainability", "Business", "Asia", " Southeastern", "2. Zero hunger", "Global and Planetary Change", "Payments for Ecosystem Services", "Geography", "Ecology", "1. No poverty", "Life Sciences", "Agriculture", "Southeast Asia", "swidden agriculture", "Land Tenure and Property Rights in Agriculture", "Programming language", "Archaeology", "2304 Environmental Chemistry", "Physical Sciences", "Conservation of Natural Resources", "330", "Climate Change", "Soil Science", "Ocean Engineering", "Environmental science", "Livelihood security", "Environmental Chemistry", "Ecosystem services", "Alternative land uses", "Agroforestry", "Biology", "Land use", " land-use change and forestry", "Ecosystem", "Planning and Development", "3305 Geography", "land use", "Food security", "15. Life on land", "shifting cultivation", "Computer science", "Deforestation (computer science)", "13. Climate action", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Environmental Science", "Land use", "Shifting cultivation", "ecosystem services", "Drivers and Impacts of Tropical Deforestation", "2303 Ecology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/248831/3/01_Dressler_The_impact_of_swidden_decline_2017.pdf.jpg"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-016-0836-z"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ambio", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s13280-016-0836-z", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s13280-016-0836-z", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s13280-016-0836-z"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-11-16T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s13593-014-0215-8", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:15:26Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-04-07", "title": "Fourteen Years Of Evidence For Positive Effects Of Conservation Agriculture And Organic Farming On Soil Life", "description": "Conventional agriculture strongly alters soil quality due to industrial practices that often have negative effects on soil life. Alternative systems such as conservation agriculture and organic farming could restore better conditions for soil organisms. Improving soil life should in turn improve soil quality and farming sustainability. Here, we have compared for the first time the long-term effects of conservation agriculture, organic farming, and conventional agriculture on major soil organisms such as microbes, nematofauna, and macrofauna. We have also analyzed functional groups. Soils were sampled at the 14-year-old experimental site of La Cage, near Versailles, France. The microbial community was analyzed using molecular biology techniques. Nematofauna and macrofauna were analyzed and classified into functional groups. Our results show that both conservation and organic systems increased the abundance and biomass of all soil organisms, except predaceous nematodes. For example, macrofauna increased from 100 to 2,500 %, nematodes from 100 to 700 %, and microorganisms from 30 to 70 %. Conservation agriculture showed a higher overall improvement than organic farming. Conservation agriculture increased the number of many organisms such as bacteria, fungi, anecic earthworms, and phytophagous and rhizophagous arthropods. Organic farming improved mainly the bacterial pathway of the soil food web and endogeic and anecic earthworms. Overall, our study shows that long-term, no-tillage, and cover crops are better for soil biota than periodic legume green manures, pesticides, and mineral fertilizers.", "keywords": ["570", "biodiversit\u00e9 du sol", "[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]", "630", "Soil quality", "n\u00e9matofaune", "microorganisme du sol", "agriculture biologique", "Soil food web", "Land management", "11. Sustainability", "Agricultural sustainability", "Soil biodiversity;Functional groups;Soil food web;Soil functionning;Soil quality;Land management;Agricultural sustainability;Agroecosystems;Agroecology", "Agroecosystems", "Soil functioning", "2. Zero hunger", "communaut\u00e9 microbienne", "Soil functionning", "agriculture conventionnelle", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Agro\u00e9cologie", "15. Life on land", "Soil biodiversity", "6. Clean water", "[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]", "13. Climate action", "Functional groups", "agriculture de conservation", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Agroecology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13593-014-0215-8"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agronomy%20for%20Sustainable%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s13593-014-0215-8", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s13593-014-0215-8", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s13593-014-0215-8"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-04-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s44187-025-00387-6", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:15:28Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-04-28", "title": "Landscape of policies, standards, approaches, and projects for EU food security: an overview", "description": "Abstract This review presents a comprehensive examination of the European Union's (EU) multifaceted approach to food security, focusing on the policies, standards, practices, initiatives, and national adaptations that drive the EU's food system resilience. Through frameworks such as the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), Farm to Fork Strategy, and Food 2030, the EU has emphasized sustainable agriculture, supply chain resilience, and equitable access to food across its member states, ensuring food security while maintaining rigorous food safety standards. However, while these policies promote sustainability and supply chain resilience, their effectiveness is hindered by regulatory complexities, economic disparities, and compliance burdens on small-scale producers. This review also explores international and regional standards, including ISO and Codex Alimentarius, which uphold food safety and quality across diverse supply chains. National and local practices in countries like Austria and Finland illustrate how EU objectives are tailored to meet specific regional needs, emphasizing a flexible approach. EU-funded projects focused on food waste reduction, digital innovation, and climate resilience provide practical insights into implementing these policies and advancing the EU's long-term food security goals. By enhancing cross-regional collaboration, investing in digital tools, and addressing disparities in implementation capacity, the EU can further strengthen the adaptability and resilience of its food system, ensuring secure, sustainable, and affordable access to food for all citizens amid global challenges.", "keywords": ["Farm-to-fork strategy", "Resilience", "Sustainability", "Nutrition. Foods and food supply", "EU policy", "TX341-641", "Food security", "Supply chain"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Charis M. Galanakis, Markos I. Daskalakis, Ioannis M. Galanakis, Maryna Nehrey, Maria Spanou, Anna Vetsou, Anastasia Chalkidou, Evita Agrafioti,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s44187-025-00387-6"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Discover%20Food", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s44187-025-00387-6", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s44187-025-00387-6", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s44187-025-00387-6"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-04-28T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/bs.aecr.2019.06.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:15:29Z", "type": "Report", "created": "2019-07-23", "title": "A multitrophic perspective on biodiversity\u2013ecosystem functioning research", "description": "Concern about the functional consequences of unprecedented loss in biodiversity has prompted biodiversity-ecosystem functioning (BEF) research to become one of the most active fields of ecological research in the past 25 years. Hundreds of experiments have manipulated biodiversity as an independent variable and found compelling support that the functioning of ecosystems increases with the diversity of their ecological communities. This research has also identified some of the mechanisms underlying BEF relationships, some context-dependencies of the strength of relationships, as well as implications for various ecosystem services that mankind depends upon. In this paper, we argue that a multitrophic perspective of biotic interactions in random and non-random biodiversity change scenarios is key to advance future BEF research and to address some of its most important remaining challenges. We discuss that the study and the quantification of multitrophic interactions in space and time facilitates scaling up from small-scale biodiversity manipulations and ecosystem function assessments to management-relevant spatial scales across ecosystem boundaries. We specifically consider multitrophic conceptual frameworks to understand and predict the context-dependency of BEF relationships. Moreover, we highlight the importance of the eco-evolutionary underpinnings of multitrophic BEF relationships. We outline that FAIR data (meeting the standards of findability, accessibility, interoperability, and reusability) and reproducible processing will be key to advance this field of research by making it more integrative. Finally, we show how these BEF insights may be implemented for ecosystem management, society, and policy. Given that human well-being critically depends on the multiple services provided by diverse, multitrophic communities, integrating the approaches of evolutionary ecology, community ecology, and ecosystem ecology in future BEF research will be key to refine conservation targets and develop sustainable management strategies.", "keywords": ["580", "Biodiversity change", "0301 basic medicine", "570", "0303 health sciences", "Geography & travel", "577", "Food web", "Spatial scaling", "910", "15. Life on land", "ddc:910", "Ecosystem functions", "Management", "[SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "03 medical and health sciences", "Eco-evolution", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "Multifunctionality", "Landscape", "info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/910", "[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "Real-world biodiversity change"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.aecr.2019.06.001"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/bs.aecr.2019.06.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/bs.aecr.2019.06.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/bs.aecr.2019.06.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.02.021", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:15:38Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-03-15", "title": "Biochar Does Not Affect Soil N-Transformations Or Microbial Community Structure Under Ruminant Urine Patches But Does Alter Relative Proportions Of Nitrogen Cycling Bacteria", "description": "Abstract Nitrogen (N) cycling, especially denitrification, can be significantly altered when biochar is used as a soil conditioner. These alterations in N-cycling have been attributed to a combination of physicochemical change, alterations in microbial community ecology and pervading climatic conditions. This study investigated seasonal bacterial community change over two years in combination with a short-term winter study of N-transformations under bovine urine patches. A silt-loam pastoral soil in Canterbury, New Zealand was amended with either 0, 15 or 30\u00a0t\u00a0ha \u22121 of Pinus radiata biochar (pyrolysed at \u223c450\u00a0\u00b0C) and bovine urine was added to patches within the 0 and 30\u00a0t\u00a0ha \u22121 biochar amended plots (designated as 0\u00a0U and 30\u00a0U treatments, where U indicates \u2018urine\u2019). No discernible differences in bacterial community structure were observed during the two year study or the short term N-transformation study when comparing non-amended and biochar-amended soil. Differences in bacterial community structure were only evident when comparing seasons, with data pertaining to each season from successive years clustering together. During the short-term N-transformation study, bacterial communities formed 3 distinct clusters corresponding to elevated levels of urine derived NH 4 + -N (days 0\u201310), increases in NO 3 \u2212 -N and N 2 O (days 10\u201322) and a decline in NO 3 \u2212 -N and N 2 O (day 20 onward). Biochar amendment did increase the relative abundance of up to 50% of individual operational taxonomic units (OTUs or \u2018species\u2019), including key nitrite oxidisers and nitrate reducers. Biochar amendment did not affect the concentrations of inorganic-N compounds. The nir S (nitrite reductase) gene became elevated in the 30\u00a0U treatment relative to the 0\u00a0U treatment \u223c10 days after the initial urine application. The nos Z (nitrous oxide reductase) gene became elevated in the 30\u00a0U plots during the latter part of the experiment. Conclusions: \u2022 Biochar did not have a significant impact on the microbial community structure in pastoral soil over the course of two years. \u2022 The relative proportion of nitrifiers and denitrifiers increased in biochar amended soils subjected to large influxes of urine derived N. \u2022 Differences in N-transformation dynamics in the presence of biochar during the winter months were not statistically significant.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "N\u2082O emissions", "570", "denitrification", "bovine urine", "silt-loam soil", "ANZSRC::30 Agricultural", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "soil microbial ecology", "winter", "nitrification", "630", "6. Clean water", "veterinary and food sciences", "T-RFLP", "new generation sequencing", "13. Climate action", "ANZSRC::41 Environmental sciences", "XXXXXX - Unknown", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "biochar", "ANZSRC::44 Human society"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Timothy J. Clough, Kelly Hamonts, Leo M. Condron, Craig Anderson, Craig Anderson,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2014.02.021"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.02.021", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.02.021", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2014.02.021"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.04.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:15:38Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-05-09", "title": "Comparative Analysis Of The Microbial Communities In Agricultural Soil Amended With Enhanced Biochars Or Traditional Fertilisers", "description": "(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) No abstract provided.", "keywords": ["570", "anzsrc-for: 07 Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences", "bats", "Veterinary and Food Sciences", "anzsrc-for: 16 Studies in Human Society", "Carbon Sequestration Science", "bat", "30 Agricultural", "630", "anzsrc-for: 3004 Crop and Pasture Production", "anzsrc-for: 30 Agricultural", "Chiroptera", "Animalia", "2 Zero Hunger", "Chordata", "2. Zero hunger", "Soil Chemistry (excl. Carbon Sequestration Science)", "anzsrc-for: 44 Human society", "anzsrc-for: 05 Environmental Sciences", "Biodiversity", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "3004 Crop and Pasture Production", "6. Clean water", "anzsrc-for: 41 Environmental sciences", "Soil chemistry and soil carbon sequestration (excl. carbon sequestration science)", "Mammalia", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2014.04.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.04.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.04.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2014.04.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2017.01.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:15:40Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-01-25", "title": "Changes in microbial biomass and the metabolic quotient with biochar addition to agricultural soils: A Meta-analysis", "description": "Abstract Biochar has been increasingly recommended for world agriculture, but the effects on microbial activities in agricultural soils has not yet thoroughly assessed. In this study, using a meta-analysis of experiment data retrieved from literature published up to March 1, 2015, changes were examined in microbial biomass and soil respiration in agricultural soils with biochar addition. Microbial responses to biochar addition were quantified in soil respiration quotient (RQ), microbial quotient (MQ) and metabolic quotient ( q CO 2 ) and their differences were evaluated between with and without biochar addition, and among groups of biochar production conditions and experiment conditions. There was an overall increase by 25% in soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC) and nitrogen (SMBN) but a decrease by 13% in q CO 2 , under biochar compared to the control. Whereas, microbial biomass carbon was increased by 26% but total soil CO 2 production unchanged, across all short term experiments up to 6 months following a single biochar addition. A significant reduction (by q CO 2 was found under crop residue and manure biochars in term of feedstock, and biochars pyrolyzed at high temperature over 500\u00a0\u00b0C in term of pyrolysis temperature. Whereas, the reduction was great (by over 30%) both in clay soils and in neutral soils but moderate (by 15%) in soil organic carbon (SOC) depleted soils, respectively in terms of soil texture, reaction and SOC level. Thus, soil conditions exerted great impacts on microbial metabolic quotient changes compared to biochar conditions. Nevertheless, microbial responses to biochar addition to agricultural soils were much uncertain with respect to both biochar and experiment conditions. Long term field experiments are still deserved to monitor soil microbial processes as long as sustainable soil managements are concerned with biochar technology in agriculture.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Agricultural", "Science & Technology", "Multidisciplinary", "Ecology", "Human society", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Environmental sciences", "veterinary and food sciences", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Life Sciences & Biomedicine", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2017.01.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2017.01.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2017.01.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2017.01.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2017.06.003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:15:41Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-06-10", "title": "Effects Of Shade-Tree Species And Spacing On Soil And Leaf Nutrient Concentrations In Cocoa Plantations At 8 Years After Establishment", "description": "Intercropping in agroforestry systems improves ecosystem services. Appropriate species compositions and spacing regimes are critical to achieve ecosystem benefits and improve yields of all the component crops. Cocoa (Theobroma cacao) is an important cash crop globally but it requires shade for survival and growth. However, the effects of shade-tree species composition and spacing regime on nutrient cycling in cocoa plantations are not well understood. This study investigated the effects of shade tree species and spacing regimes on soil and plant nutrient availability at 8 years after plantation establishment in Papua New Guinea. Three cocoa intercropping systems were established in which T. cacao was planted with either a non-legume timber tree, Canarium indicum, or a legume non-timber tree, Gliricidia sepium. The shade-tree spacing regimes included either 8 m \u00d7 16 m or 8 m \u00d7 8 m in the Theobroma + Canarium plantations. There was an ongoing thinning regime in the Theobroma + Gliricidia plantation, with a final shade-tree spacing of 12 m \u00d7 12 m. Soil total carbon (TC) and total nitrogen (TN) were significantly higher in the Theobroma + Gliricidia plantation with 12 m \u00d7 12 m spacing and the Theobroma + Canarium plantation with 8 m \u00d7 16 m spacing than in the Theobroma + Canarium plantation with 8 m \u00d7 8 m spacing. Foliar TN and P were correlated with soil TN and P, respectively, whereas no correlation was detected between soil and leaf K concentrations. Foliar TN, P and K were under ideal concentrations for T. cacao in all of the plantations. The Theobroma + Gliricidia plantation had higher soil water extractable phosphorus (P) than the two Theobroma + Canarium plantations, probably due to frequent pruning of the G. sepium trees. Foliar C isotope composition (\u03b413C) of T. cacao suggested that T. cacao close to G. sepium or close to C. indicum with spacing of 8 m \u00d7 16 m and 8 m \u00d7 8 m had similar light interception. However, increased C. indicum spacing increased the light interception of T. cacao trees that were not planted next to C. indicum. This study indicated that non-legume timber trees with an optimized spacing regime can be used as overstorey shade trees for T. cacao. However, our study indicated all three plantations required fertilisation and better nutrient management.", "keywords": ["571", "stable isotopes", "FoR 16 (Studies in Human Society)", "Canarium indicum", "Soil fertility", "Gliricidia sepium", "333", "630", "Papua New Guinea", "veterinary and food sciences", "Stable isotopes", "2. Zero hunger", "Field organic and low chemical input horticulture", "Agricultural", "Science & Technology", "Multidisciplinary", "Ecology", "soil fertility", "FoR 07 (Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences)", "Human society", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Environmental sciences", "260516 Tropical fruit", "gliricidia sepium", "Intercropping", "070501 Agroforestry", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "FoR 05 (Environmental Sciences)", "intercropping", "Life Sciences & Biomedicine"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2017.06.003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2017.06.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2017.06.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2017.06.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2017.11.032", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:15:41Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-12-05", "title": "Which agroforestry options give the greatest soil and above ground carbon benefits in different world regions?", "description": "Abstract Climate change mitigation and food security are two of the main challenges of human society. Agroforestry systems, defined as the presence of trees on external and internal boundaries, cropland, or on any other available niche of farmland, can provide both climate change mitigation and food. There are several types of agroforestry systems with different rates of above ground and soil carbon (C) sequestration. The amount of carbon sequestered can depend on the type of system, climate, time since land use change and previous land use. Data was collected from a total of 86 published and peer reviewed studies on soil and above ground carbon sequestration for different agroforestry systems, climates and regions in the world. The objective was to understand which agroforestry systems provide the greatest benefits, and what are the main factors influencing, soil and above ground carbon sequestration. The results show that, on average, more soil carbon sequestration occurs in agroforestry systems classified as silvopastoral (4.38\u00a0tC\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0yr\u22121), and more above ground carbon sequestration occurs in improved fallows (11.29\u00a0tC\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0yr\u22121). On average, carbon benefits are greater in agroforestry systems Tropical climates when compared to agroforestry systems located in other climates, both in terms of soil (2.23\u00a0tC\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0yr\u22121) and above ground (4.85\u00a0tC\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0yr\u22121). In terms of land use change, the greatest above ground carbon sequestration (12.8\u00a0tC\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0yr\u22121) occurs when degraded land is replaced by improved fallow and the greatest soil carbon sequestration (4.38\u00a0tC\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0yr\u22121) results from the transition of a grassland system to a silvopastoral system. Time since the change is implemented was the main factor influencing above ground carbon sequestration, while climate mainly influences soil carbon sequestration most. The results of the analysis may be used to inform practitioners and policy makers on the most effective agroforestry system for carbon sequestration. The lack of data on carbon stocks before the implementation land use change and the lack of reporting on soil sampling design and variances were the main limitations in the data. The need to report this data should be considered in future studies if agroforestry systems are expected to play an important role as a climate change mitigation strategy.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Meta-analysis", "climate change", "Mitigation", "13. Climate action", "Climate change", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Agriculture", "food security", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "agriculture", "Trees"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2017.11.032"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2017.11.032", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2017.11.032", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2017.11.032"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agrformet.2020.108031", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:15:44Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-05-29", "title": "Inter-individual variability in spring phenology of temperate deciduous trees depends on species, tree size and previous year autumn phenology", "description": "We explored the inter-individual variability in bud-burst and its potential drivers, in homogeneous mature stands of temperate deciduous trees. Phenological observations of leaves and wood formation were performed weekly from summer 2017 to summer 2018 for pedunculate oak, European beech and silver birch in Belgium. The variability of bud-burst was correlated to previous' year autumn phenology (i.e. the onset of leaf senescence and the cessation of wood formation) and tree size but with important differences among species. In fact, variability of bud-burst was primarily related to onset of leaf senescence, cessation of wood formation and tree height for oak, beech and birch, respectively. The inter-individual variability of onset of leaf senescence was not related to the tree characteristics considered and was much larger than the inter-individual variability in bud-burst. Multi-species multivariate models could explain up to 66% of the bud-burst variability. These findings represent an important advance in our fundamental understanding and modelling of phenology and tree functioning of deciduous tree species.", "keywords": ["Agriculture and Food Sciences", "0106 biological sciences", "Atmospheric Science", "polno olistanje", "Broadleaved forest", "Silver birch", "Edellauvskog", "coloration", "01 natural sciences", "fenologija", "navadna bukev", "Pedunculate oak", "FAGUS-SYLVATICA", "PHLOEM", "Global and Planetary Change", "LEAF PHENOLOGY", "CLIMATE-CHANGE", "VDP::\u00d8kologi: 488", "Physics", "Forestry", "VDP::Ecology: 488", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "dob", "navadna breza", "Chemistry", "Phenology", "info:eu-repo/classification/udc/630*811", "rumenenje listov", "XYLEM", "MODELS", "Article", "leaf unfolding", "Fenologi", "Coloration", "nastanek lesa", "Biology", "Wood formation", "kambij", "Leaf unfolding", "RADIAL GROWTH", "15. Life on land", "listavci", "European beech", "[SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "SENESCENCE", "13. Climate action", "wood formation", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "Agronomy and Crop Science"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2020.108031"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agricultural%20and%20Forest%20Meteorology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agrformet.2020.108031", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agrformet.2020.108031", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agrformet.2020.108031"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.05.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:15:49Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-06-19", "title": "Influence Of Organic And Mineral Amendments On Microbial Soil Properties And Processes", "description": "Abstract Microbial diversity in soils is considered important for maintaining sustainability of agricultural production systems. However, the links between microbial diversity and ecosystem processes are not well understood. This study was designed to gain better understanding of the effects of short-term management practices on the microbial community and how changes in the microbial community affect key soil processes. The effects of different forms of nitrogen (N) on soil biology and N dynamics was determined in two soils with organic and conventional management histories that varied in soil microbial properties but had the same fertility. The soils were amended with equal amounts of N (100\u00a0kg\u00a0ha\u22121) in organic (lupin, Lupinus angustifolius L.) and mineral form (urea), respectively. Over a 91-day period, microbial biomass C and N, dehydrogenase enzyme activity, community structure of pseudomondas (sensu stricto), actinomycetes and \u03b1 proteobacteria (by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) following PCR amplification of 16S rDNA fragments) and N mineralisation were measured. Lupin amendment resulted in a two- to five-fold increase in microbial biomass and enzyme activity, while these parameters did not differ significantly between the urea and control treatments. The PCR\u2013DGGE analysis showed that the addition of mineral and organic compounds had an influence on the microbial community composition in the short term (up to 10 days) but the effects were not sustained over the 91-day incubation period. Microbial community structure was strongly influenced by the presence or lack of substrate, while the type of amendment (organic or mineral) had an effect on microbial biomass size and activity. These findings show that the addition of green manures improved soil biology by increasing microbial biomass and activity irrespective of management history, that no direct relationship existed among microbial structure, enzyme activity and N mineralisation, and that microbial community structure (by PCR\u2013DGGE) was more strongly influenced by inherent soil and environmental factors than by short-term management practices.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "570", "ANZSRC::31 Biological sciences", "nitrogen mineralisation", "urea", "ANZSRC::30 Agricultural", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "630", "6. Clean water", "lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) green manure", "Marsden::300102 Soil biology", "veterinary and food sciences", "microbial community structure", "13. Climate action", "ANZSRC::41 Environmental sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "DGGE", "organic and conventional farming practices"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.05.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.05.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.05.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.05.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=FOOD&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=FOOD&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "first", "title": "items (first)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=FOOD&", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "next", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (next)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=FOOD&offset=50", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 598, "numberReturned": 50, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-04-15T11:31:00.873721Z"}