{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1007/978-94-011-3252-7_20", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:14:13Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-04-09", "title": "Changes In Soil Properties And Site Productivity Caused By Red Alder", "description": "Red alder (Alnus rubra Bong.) is well recognized as an effective host plant for the symbiotic fixation of N. While this fixation process leads to the rapid accumulation of N within the ecosystem, it also enhances nutrient accumulation in biomass and soil organic matter and increases nitrification and cation leaching. We hypothesized that changes in soil properties resulting from these processes would decrease site productivity for second rotation red alder. Adjacent stands of 55 yr old alder and Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii [Mirb.] Franco) were studied at the Thompson Research Center on the Cedar River Watershed in western Washington, USA. The presence of red alder caused the following soil changes: decreased soil solution pH, increased CEC, increased exchangeable acidity accompanied by a decreased soil pH and base saturation. This decreased soil and soil solution pH resulted in increased Al concentration in the soil solution and on exchange sites as well as decreased P availability. To determine the effect of these changes on the productivity of the 2nd rotation alder forest, a species conversion experiment was initiated 5 yr ago. Results from this conversion study clearly indicated that the first rotation red alder forest has caused a relative decrease in the productivity of the second rotation red alder plantation. Compared to the growth of red alder on the former Douglas fir site, the second rotation red alder on the former red alder site exhibited 33% less height growth and 75% less aboveground biomass accumulation after 5 yr. Future research will focus on identifying those factors causing this lower productivity including P availability, soil acidity and Al toxicity, cation availability, and competition with other vegetation.", "keywords": ["site productivity", "soil properties", "changes", "Soil Science", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "red alder", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Forest Sciences", "Environmental Sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3252-7_20"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Water%2C%20Air%2C%20and%20Soil%20Pollution", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/978-94-011-3252-7_20", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/978-94-011-3252-7_20", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/978-94-011-3252-7_20"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1990-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10661-006-9410-7", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:14:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-12-15", "title": "Are Nitrogen-Fertilized Forest Soils Sinks Or Sources Of Carbon?", "description": "We developed a simple conceptual model that tracks nitrogen and carbon jointly through an N fertilized forest ecosystem. The stimulation of growth increases the litterfall and imports substrate for soil microorganisms. Microbial biomass forms according to the supply of C and N. The formation of microbial biomass is accompanied by respiratory C losses. The quantity of CO2 efflux depends on the C use efficiency of microbes. When excess N is available, the microbial activity is accelerated and the demand for substrate is high. Litterfall supplies an insufficient amount of C to the soil. In such a case, labile soil C is mineralized and the net effect of N fertilization is a loss of soil C. A strong N fertilization effect on the aboveground biomass can offset the soil C loss. In the case of a low N dosage or high N losses due to leaching or emission of nitrogen oxides, the soil C loss is small. The conceptual model was applied to a case study. The field data, collected over a time span of several decades, could not support sound conclusions on the temporal trend of soil C because the spatial and temporal variability of the chemical data was high. The conceptual model allowed to give an evaluation of the fertilization effect on soil C based on reproducible principles.", "keywords": ["nitrogen-fertilized", "sinks", "550", "Nitrogen", "carbon", "souces", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Carbon", "6. Clean water", "forest soils", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Biomass", "Fertilizers", "Forest Sciences", "Environmental Sciences", "Soil Microbiology", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Van Miegroet, H., Jandl, R.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-006-9410-7"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Monitoring%20and%20Assessment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10661-006-9410-7", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10661-006-9410-7", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10661-006-9410-7"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-12-16T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.foreco.2004.03.010", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-24T16:16:11Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-06-12", "title": "Effects Of Chronic Nitrogen Amendment On Dissolved Organic Matter And Inorganic Nitrogen In Soil Solution", "description": "Abstract Increased atmospheric deposition of N to forests is an issue of global concern, with largely undocumented long-term effects on soil solution chemistry. In contrast to bulk soil properties, which are typically slow to respond to a chronic stress, soil solution chemistry may provide an early indication of the long-term changes in soils associated with a chronic stress. At the Harvard Forest, soil solution was collected beneath the forest floor in zero tension lysimeters for 10 years (1993\u20132002) as part of an N saturation experiment. The experiment was begun in 1988 with 5 or 15\u00a0g\u00a0N\u00a0m\u22122 per year added to hardwood and pine forest plots, and our samples thus characterize the long-term response to N fertilization. Samples were routinely analyzed for inorganic nitrogen, dissolved organic nitrogen (DON), and dissolved organic carbon (DOC); selected samples were also analyzed to determine qualitative changes in the composition of dissolved organic matter. Fluxes of DOC, DON, and inorganic N were calculated based on modeled water loss from the forest floor and observed concentrations in lysimeter samples. The concentration and flux of inorganic N lost from the forest floor in percolating soil solution are strongly affected by N fertilization and have not shown any consistent trends over time. On average, inorganic N fluxes have reached or exceeded the level of fertilizer application in most plots. Concentrations of DOC were unchanged by N fertilization in both the hardwood and pine stands, with long-term seasonal averages ranging from 31\u201357\u00a0mg\u00a0l\u22121 (hardwood) and 36\u201393\u00a0mg\u00a0l\u22121 (pine). Annual fluxes of DOC ranged from 30\u201350\u00a0g\u00a0m\u22122 per year. DON concentrations more than doubled, resulting in a shift toward N-rich organic matter in soil solution percolating from the plots, and DON fluxes of 1\u20133\u00a0g\u00a0m\u22122 per year. The DOC:DON ratio of soil solution under high N application (10\u201320) was about half that of controls. The organic chemistry of soil solution undergoes large qualitative changes in response to N addition. With N saturation, there is proportionally more hydrophilic material in the total DON pool, and a lower C:N ratio in the hydrophobic fraction of the total DOM pool. Overall, our data show that fundamental changes in the chemistry of forest floor solution have occurred in response to N fertilization prior to initiation of our sampling. During the decade of this study (years 5\u201314 of N application) both inorganic N and dissolved organic matter concentrations have changed little despite the significant biotic changes that have accompanied N saturation.", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "Ecology and Evolutionary Biology", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Scientific Contribution Number 2219", "Forest Sciences", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2004.03.010"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Forest%20Ecology%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.foreco.2004.03.010", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.foreco.2004.03.010", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.foreco.2004.03.010"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.foreco.2010.12.031", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-24T16:16:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-01-14", "title": "Nitrogen Cycling Following Mountain Pine Beetle Disturbance In Lodgepole Pine Forests Of Greater Yellowstone", "description": "Widespread bark beetle outbreaks are currently affecting multiple conifer forest types throughout western North America, yet many ecosystem-level consequences of this disturbance are poorly understood. We quantified the effect of mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae) outbreak on nitrogen (N) cycling through litter, soil, and vegetation in lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia) forests of the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem (WY, USA) across a 0\u201330 year chronosequence of time-since-beetle disturbance. Recent (1\u20134 years) bark beetle disturbance increased total litter depth and N concentration in needle litter relative to undisturbed stands, and soils in recently disturbed stands were cooler with greater rates of net N mineralization and nitrification than undisturbed sites. Thirty years after beetle outbreak, needle litter N concentration remained elevated; however total litter N concentration, total litter mass, and soil N pools and fluxes were not different from undisturbed stands. Canopy N pool size declined 58% in recent outbreaks, and remained 48% lower than undisturbed in 30-year old outbreaks. Foliar N concentrations in unattacked lodgepole pine trees and an understory sedge were positively correlated with net N mineralization in soils across the chronosequence. Bark beetle disturbance altered N cycling through the litter, soil, and vegetation of lodgepole pine forests, but changes in soil N cycling were less severe than those observed following stand replacing fire. Several lines of evidence suggest the potential for N leaching is low following bark beetle disturbance in lodgepole pine.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Ecology and Evolutionary Biology", "Forest Biology", "15. Life on land", "Entomology", "Forest Management", "Forest Sciences", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2010.12.031"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Forest%20Ecology%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.foreco.2010.12.031", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.foreco.2010.12.031", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.foreco.2010.12.031"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2015.04.007", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:16:18Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-04-18", "title": "Will Changes In Climate And Land Use Affect Soil Organic Matter Composition? Evidence From An Ecotonal Climosequence", "description": "Abstract As the largest actively cycling pool of terrestrial C, the response of soil organic matter (SOM) to climate change may greatly affect global C cycling and climate change feedbacks. Despite the influence of SOM chemistry\u2014here defined as soil organic C (SOC) and soil organic N (SON) functional groups and compounds\u2014on decomposition, uncertainty exists regarding the response of SOM chemistry to climate change and associated land use shifts. Here, we adopt a climosequence approach, using latitude along a uniform glacial till deposit at the grassland\u2013forest ecotone in central Canada as a surrogate for the effects of climate change on SOM chemistry. Additionally, we evaluate differences in SOM chemistry from paired native grassland, native trembling aspen ( Populus tremuloides ) forest, and arable soil profiles to investigate the effects of likely climate-induced land use alterations. The combination of C and N K -edge X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) with pyrolysis-field ionization mass spectrometry (Py-FIMS) techniques was used to examine SOM chemistry at atomic and molecular scales, respectively. These techniques revealed only modest differences in surface SOM chemistry related to land use and latitude. Greater variation was apparent in the vertical stratification of SOM constituents from soil depth profiles. These findings indicate that pedon-scale processes have greater control over SOM chemistry than do processes operating on landscape (e.g. land use) and regional (e.g. climate) scales. Additionally they imply that SOM chemistry is largely unresponsive to climatic change on the magnitude of the mean annual temperature (MAT) gradient under study (~\u00a00.7\u00a0\u00b0C), despite its location at the grassland\u2013forest boundary highlighting its sensitivity, and is similarly unresponsive to associated land use shifts.", "keywords": ["Vegetation", "Ecology and Evolutionary Biology", "Plant Sciences", "Agriculture", "Genetics and Genomics", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Soil quality", "13. Climate action", "Land use", "Climate change", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Organic nitrogen", "Forest Sciences", "Organic carbon"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Purton, Kendra, Pennock, Dan, Leinweber, Peter, Walley, Fran,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2015.04.007"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2015.04.007", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2015.04.007", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2015.04.007"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170971", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:16:42Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-02-24", "title": "Stabilization of PFAS-contaminated soil with sewage sludge- and wood-based biochar sorbents", "description": "Sustainable and effective remediation technologies for the treatment of soil contaminated with per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are greatly needed. This study investigated the effects of waste-based biochars on the leaching of PFAS from a sandy soil with a low total organic carbon content (TOC) of 0.57\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.04\u00a0% impacted by PFAS from aqueous film forming foam (AFFF) dispersed at a former fire-fighting facility. Six different biochars (pyrolyzed at 700-900\u00a0\u00b0C) were tested, made from clean wood chips (CWC), waste timber (WT), activated waste timber (aWT), two digested sewage sludges (DSS-1 and DSS-2) and de-watered raw sewage sludge (DWSS). Up-flow column percolation tests (15\u00a0days and 16 pore volume replacements) with 1\u00a0% biochar indicated that the dominant congener in the soil, perfluorooctane sulphonic acid (PFOS) was retained best by the aWT biochar with a 99.9\u00a0% reduction in the leachate concentration, followed by sludge-based DWSS (98.9\u00a0%) and DSS-2 and DSS-1 (97.8\u00a0% and 91.6\u00a0%, respectively). The non-activated wood-based biochars (CWC and WT) on the other hand, reduced leaching by <42.4\u00a0%. Extrapolating this to field conditions, 90\u00a0% leaching of PFOS would occur after 15 y for unamended soil, and after 1200 y and 12,000 y, respectively, for soil amended with 1\u00a0% DWSS-amended and aWT biochar. The high effectiveness of aWT and the three sludge-based biochars in reducing PFAS leaching from the soil was attributed largely to high porosity in a pore size range (>1.5\u00a0nm) that can accommodate the large PFAS molecules (>1.02-2.20\u00a0nm) combined with a high affinity to the biochar matrix. Other factors like anionic exchange capacity could play a contributing role. Sorbent effectiveness was better for long-chain than for short-chain PFAS, due to weaker, apolar interactions between the biochar and the latter's shorter hydrophobic CF2-tails. The findings were the first to demonstrate that locally sourced activated wood-waste biochars and non-activated sewage sludge biochars could be suitable sorbents for the ex situ stabilization and in situ remediation of PFAS-contaminated soil, bringing this technology one step closer to full-scale field testing.", "keywords": ["Soil stabilization", "Fluorocarbons", "Sorbent", "Sewage", "PFAS", "Water", "Wood", "Chemistry", "Soil", "Alkanesulfonic Acids", "Other Forestry and Forest Sciences", "Charcoal", "Column tests", "Environmental Chemistry", "Soil Pollutants", "Waste-based biochar"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/context/chemistry_fac_pubs/article/1295/viewcontent/Goranov_2024_StabilizationofPFASContaminatedSoilWith.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170971"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170971", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170971", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170971"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/s0378-1127(00)00282-6", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:17:10Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2002-07-25", "title": "Effects of forest management on soil c and n storage: meta analysis", "description": "Abstract The effects of forest management on soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) are important to understand not only because these are often master variables determining soil fertility but also because of the role of soils as a source or sink for C on a global scale. This paper reviews the literature on forest management effects on soil C and N and reports the results of a meta analysis of these data. The meta analysis showed that forest harvesting, on average, had little or no effect on soil C and N. Significant effects of harvest type and species were noted, with sawlog harvesting causing increases (+18%) in soil C and N and whole-tree harvesting causing decreases (\u22126%). The positive effect of sawlog harvesting appeared to be restricted to coniferous species. Fire resulted in no significant overall effects of fire on either C or N (when categories were combined); but there was a significant effect of time since fire, with an increase in both soil C and N after 10 years (compared to controls). Significant differences among fire treatments were found, with the counterintuitive result of lower soil C following prescribed fire and higher soil C following wildfire. The latter is attributed to the sequestration of charcoal and recalcitrant, hydrophobic organic matter and to the effects of naturally invading, post-fire, N-fixing vegetation. Both fertilization and N-fixing vegetation caused marked overall increases in soil C and N.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "sawlog-harvesting: harvesting-method", "Coniferopsida-: Gymnospermae-", "Vascular-Plants", "Eucalyptus-spp. (Myrtaceae-)", "01 natural sciences", "carbon-: soil-storage", "Salicaceae-: Dicotyledones-", "Spermatophytes-", "Spermatophyta-", "Plantae-", "Forest Sciences", "Pinus-spp. (Coniferopsida-)", "Picea-abies (Coniferopsida-)", "meta-analysis: statistical-method", "2. Zero hunger", "7440-44-0: CARBON", "Angiosperms-", "Myrtaceae-: Dicotyledones-", "Gymnosperms-", "Angiospermae-", "Plants-", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Soil-Science", "whole-tree-harvesting: harvesting-method", "Populus-tremuloides (Salicaceae-)", "Forestry-", "7727-37-9: NITROGEN", "prescribed-burning: forestry-method", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Dicots-", "nitrogen-: soil-storage"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Peter S. Curtis, Dale W. Johnson, Dale W. Johnson,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0378-1127(00)00282-6"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Forest%20Ecology%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/s0378-1127(00)00282-6", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/s0378-1127(00)00282-6", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/s0378-1127(00)00282-6"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2001-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1093/treephys/25.12.1511", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:18:13Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-01-20", "title": "Effects Of Elevated Concentrations Of Atmospheric Co2 And Tropospheric O-3 On Leaf Litter Production And Chemistry In Trembling Aspen And Paper Birch Communities", "description": "Human activities are increasing the concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide ([CO2]) and tropospheric ozone ([O3]), potentially leading to changes in the quantity and chemical quality of leaf litter inputs to forest soils. Because the quality and quantity of labile and recalcitrant carbon (C) compounds influence forest productivity through changes in soil organic matter content, characterizing changes in leaf litter in response to environmental change is critical to understanding the effects of global change on forests. We assessed the independent and combined effects of elevated [CO2] and elevated [O3] on foliar litter production and chemistry in aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) and birch-(Betula papyrifera Marsh.) aspen communities at the Aspen free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) experiment in Rhinelander, WI. Litter was analyzed for concentrations of C, nitrogen (N), soluble sugars, lipids, lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose and C-based defensive compounds (soluble phenolics and condensed tannins). Concentrations of these chemical compounds in naturally senesced litter were similar in aspen and birch-aspen communities among treatments, except for N, the C:N ratio and lipids. Elevated [CO2] significantly increased C:N (+8.7%), lowered mean litter N concentration (-10.7%) but had no effect on the concentrations of soluble sugars, soluble phenolics and condensed tannins. Elevated [CO2] significantly increased litter biomass production (+33.3%), resulting in significant increases in fluxes of N, soluble sugars, soluble phenolics and condensed tannins to the soil. Elevated [O3] significantly increased litter concentrations of soluble sugars (+78.1%), soluble phenolics (+53.1%) and condensed tannins (+77.2%). There were no significant effects of elevated [CO2] or elevated [O3] on the concentrations of individual C structural carbohydrates (cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin). Elevated [CO2] significantly increased cellulose (+37.4%) input to soil, whereas elevated [O3] significantly reduced hemicellulose and lignin inputs to soil (-22.3 and -31.5%, respectively). The small changes in litter chemistry in response to elevated [CO2] and tropospheric [O3] that we observed, combined with changes in litter biomass production, could significantly alter the inputs of N, soluble sugars, condensed tannins, soluble phenolics, cellulose and lignin to forest soils in the future.", "keywords": ["Nitrogen", "aspen", "carbon", "nutrient cycling", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "Carbon", "Plant Leaves", "ozone", "Soil", "Wisconsin", "Ozone", "Populus", "litter", "FACE", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "CO2", "leaves", "Biomass", "soils", "Forest Sciences", "Betula", "Ecosystem"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Liu, Lingli, King, John S., Giardina, Christian P.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/25.12.1511"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Tree%20Physiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1093/treephys/25.12.1511", "name": "item", "description": "10.1093/treephys/25.12.1511", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1093/treephys/25.12.1511"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1038/s41559-017-0325-1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:17:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-09-29", "title": "Diversity-dependent temporal divergence of ecosystem functioning in experimental ecosystems", "description": "The effects of biodiversity on ecosystem functioning generally increase over time, but the underlying processes remain unclear. Using 26 long-term grassland and forest experimental ecosystems, we demonstrate that biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relationships strengthen mainly by greater increases in functioning in high-diversity communities in grasslands and forests. In grasslands, biodiversity effects also strengthen due to decreases in functioning in low-diversity communities. Contrasting trends across grasslands are associated with differences in soil characteristics.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "570", "grassland ecology", "Ecology and Evolutionary Biology", "Plant Sciences", "577", "soil biodiversity", "Biodiversity", "Forests", "15. Life on land", "Grassland", "01 natural sciences", "Article", "XXXXXX - Unknown", "Life Science", "ddc:570", "forest ecology", "Forest Sciences", "Institut f\u00fcr Biochemie und Biologie", "Ecosystem", "biodiversity", "ecosystem health"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41559-017-0325-1.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-017-0325-1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Nature%20Ecology%20%26amp%3B%20Evolution", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1038/s41559-017-0325-1", "name": "item", "description": "10.1038/s41559-017-0325-1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1038/s41559-017-0325-1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-10-02T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1093/treephys/17.8-9.577", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:18:13Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-04-06", "title": "Root Mass, Net Primary Production And Turnover In Aspen, Jack Pine And Black Spruce Forests In Saskatchewan And Manitoba, Canada", "description": "Root biomass, net primary production and turnover were studied in aspen, jack pine and black spruce forests in two contrasting climates. The climate of the Southern Study Area (SSA) near Prince Albert, Saskatchewan is warmer and drier in the summer and milder in the winter than the Northern Study Area (NSA) near Thompson, Manitoba, Canada. Ingrowth soil cores and minirhizotrons were used to quantify fine root net primary production (NPPFR). Average daily fine root growth (m m(-2) day(-1)) was positively correlated with soil temperature at 10-cm depth (r(2) = 0.83-0.93) for all three species, with black spruce showing the strongest temperature effect. At both study areas, fine root biomass (measured from soil cores) and fine root length (measured from minirhizotrons) were less for jack pine than for the other two species. Except for the aspen stands, estimates of NPPFR from minirhizotrons were significantly greater than estimates from ingrowth cores. The core method underestimated NPPFR because it does not account for simultaneous fine root growth and mortality. Minirhizotron NPPFR estimates ranged from 59 g m(-2) year(-1) for aspen stands at SSA to 235 g m(-2) year(-1) for black spruce at NSA. The ratio of NPPFR to total detritus production (aboveground litterfall + NPPFR) was greater for evergreen forests than for deciduous forests, suggesting that carbon allocation patterns differ between boreal evergreen and deciduous forests. In all stands, NPPFR consistently exceeded annual fine root turnover and the differences were larger for stands in the NSA than for stands in the SSA, whereas the difference between study areas was only significant for black spruce. The imbalance between NPPFR and fine root turnover is sufficient to explain the net accumulation of carbon in boreal forest soils.", "keywords": ["carbon balance", "0106 biological sciences", "detritus production", "550", "fine roots", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "BOREAS", "01 natural sciences", "root turnover", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "boreal forests", "soil carbon", "Forest Sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Steele, Sarah J., Gower, Stith T., Vogel, Jason G., Norman, John M.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/17.8-9.577"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Tree%20Physiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1093/treephys/17.8-9.577", "name": "item", "description": "10.1093/treephys/17.8-9.577", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1093/treephys/17.8-9.577"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1997-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2005.01557.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:18:47Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-09-02", "title": "Tropospheric O3 Compromises Net Primary Production In Young Stands Of Trembling Aspen, Paper Birch And Sugar Maple In Response To Elevated Atmospheric Co2", "description": "Concentrations of atmospheric CO(2) and tropospheric ozone (O(3)) are rising concurrently in the atmosphere, with potentially antagonistic effects on forest net primary production (NPP) and implications for terrestrial carbon sequestration. Using free-air CO(2) enrichment (FACE) technology, we exposed north-temperate forest communities to concentrations of CO(2) and O(3) predicted for the year 2050 for the first 7 yr of stand development. Site-specific allometric equations were applied to annual nondestructive growth measurements to estimate above- and below-ground biomass and NPP for each year of the experiment. Relative to the control, elevated CO(2) increased total biomass 25, 45 and 60% in the aspen, aspen-birch and aspen-maple communities, respectively. Tropospheric O(3) caused 23, 13 and 14% reductions in total biomass relative to the control in the respective communities. Combined fumigation resulted in total biomass response of -7.8, +8.4 and +24.3% relative to the control in the aspen, aspen-birch and aspen-sugar maple communities, respectively. These results indicate that exposure to even moderate levels of O(3) significantly reduce the capacity of NPP to respond to elevated CO(2) in some forests.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "aspen", "carbon dioxide", "Acer", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "Wood", "01 natural sciences", "Carbon", "Plant Leaves", "ozone", "Wisconsin", "Ozone", "Populus", "13. Climate action", "pollution", "Biomass", "Forest Sciences", "global change", "Betula", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Kurt S. Pregitzer, Mark E. Kubiske, David F. Karnosky, George R. Hendrey, John S. King, John S. King, Christian P. Giardina, Vanessa S. Quinn, Evan P. McDonald,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2005.01557.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2005.01557.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2005.01557.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2005.01557.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-09-02T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1126/science.1128834", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:18:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-07-07", "title": "Warming And Earlier Spring Increase Western Us Forest Wildfire Activity", "description": "

Western United States forest wildfire activity is widely thought to have increased in recent decades, yet neither the extent of recent changes nor the degree to which climate may be driving regional changes in wildfire has been systematically documented. Much of the public and scientific discussion of changes in western United States wildfire has focused instead on the effects of 19th- and 20th-century land-use history. We compiled a comprehensive database of large wildfires in western United States forests since 1970 and compared it with hydroclimatic and land-surface data. Here, we show that large wildfire activity increased suddenly and markedly in the mid-1980s, with higher large-wildfire frequency, longer wildfire durations, and longer wildfire seasons. The greatest increases occurred in mid-elevation, Northern Rockies forests, where land-use histories have relatively little effect on fire risks and are strongly associated with increased spring and summer temperatures and an earlier spring snowmelt.

", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "Climate change", "Forest Biology", "Wildfire", "15. Life on land", "Forest Sciences", "01 natural sciences", "333", "United States", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1128834"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1126/science.1128834", "name": "item", "description": "10.1126/science.1128834", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1126/science.1128834"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-08-18T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1139/x78-044", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:19:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-11-26", "title": "Biomass And Nutrient Distribution In Aspen, Pine, And Spruce Stands On The Same Soil Type In Minnesota", "description": "

Vegetation and soils were sampled in adjacent 40-year-old stands of red pine (Pinusresinosa Ait.), jack pine (Pinusbanksiana Lamb.), white spruce (Piceaglauca (Moench.) Voss), and aspen (Populustremuloides Michx., P. grandidentata Michx.) on a very fine sandy loam soil in north-central Minnesota. Total tree biomass was greatest for red pine followed by aspen, spruce, and jack pine. Nutrient weights (N, P, K, Ca, Mg) in the trees were greatest in aspen followed generally by spruce, red pine, and jack pine. Particularly large proportions of biomass and nutrients were found in aspen bark and spruce foliage and branches. Understory biomass contributed less than 1.2% of the total organic matter in the vegetation\uffe2\uff80\uff93soil complex but contributed up to 5.0% of the nutrients. Exchangeable Ca in the surface soil was much lower under aspen and spruce than under the pines. No significant soil differences between species were detected below 36\uffe2\uff80\uff82cm. Harvesting the entire aboveground portion of the tree would remove up to three times more nutrients from the site than would harvesting only the bole.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Yield", "Spermatophyta", "Angiosperms", "Nitrogen", "Sandy Loam", "plant nutrition", "Coniferopsida: Gymnospermae", "Gymnosperms", "magnesium", "Pinus Banksiana", "01 natural sciences", "nitrogen", "Dicots", "forest soils", "temperate zones", "Picea Glauca", "Populus Tremuloides", "nutrients", "Spermatophytes", "Magnesium", "phosphorus", "Plantae", "Pinus Resinosa", "Forest Sciences", "soil types ecological", "calcium", "Vascular Plants", "Salicaceae: Dicotyledones", "potassium", "Populus Grandidentata", "Phosphorus", "Plants", "15. Life on land", "nutrition", "Angiospermae", "Tracheophyta: Plantae", "Potassium", "Calcium"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Alban, David H., Perala, Donald A., Schlaegel, Bryce E.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/context/aspen_bib/article/5834/viewcontent/Alban412.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/x78-044"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Forest%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1139/x78-044", "name": "item", "description": "10.1139/x78-044", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1139/x78-044"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1978-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1139/x75-087", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:19:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-05-01", "title": "Wildfire Effects On Nutrient Distribution And Leaching In A Coniferous Ecosystem", "description": "

Distribution of nutrients after the Entiat fire in north central Washington was examined. This intense fire produced an average ash weight on the soil surface of 2900\uffe2\uff80\uff82kg/ha. The ash layer contained 23\uffe2\uff80\uff82kg/ha N, 314\uffe2\uff80\uff82kg/ha Ca, 54\uffe2\uff80\uff82kg/ha Mg, 70\uffe2\uff80\uff82kg/ha K, and 22\uffe2\uff80\uff82kg/ha Na. Nutrient losses during the fire as a result of combined volatilization and ash convection were 855\uffe2\uff80\uff82kg/ha N, 75\uffe2\uff80\uff82kg/ha Ca, 33\uffe2\uff80\uff82kg/ha Mg, 282\uffe2\uff80\uff82kg/ha K, and 698\uffe2\uff80\uff82kg/ha Na. Nitrogen loss apparently was proportional to fuel dry weight loss.Leaching of the ash layer in the 1st year after burning transferred a trace of N, 149\uffe2\uff80\uff82kg/ha Ca, 50\uffe2\uff80\uff82kg/ha Mg, 92\uffe2\uff80\uff82kg/ha K, and 33\uffe2\uff80\uff82kg/ha Na from the ash layer to the soil. Of the amounts leached from the ash, 134\uffe2\uff80\uff82kg/ha Ca, 48\uffe2\uff80\uff82kg/ha Mg, and 84\uffe2\uff80\uff82kg/ha K were retained in the 0-to 19-cm layer of soil. In the same interval a net loss of 29\uffe2\uff80\uff82kg/ha Na was observed from the 0-to 19-cm layer of soil.Cation leaching from ash layers was primarily related to water percolation through the ash. Equations are given that describe leaching of Ca, Mg, K, and Na from an average ash layer of the Entiat fire.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "13. Climate action", "Ecology and Evolutionary Biology", "Plant Sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Agriculture", "Genetics and Genomics", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Forest Sciences", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Grier, Charles C.", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/x75-087"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Forest%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1139/x75-087", "name": "item", "description": "10.1139/x75-087", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1139/x75-087"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1975-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1139/x82-111", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:19:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-05-01", "title": "Effects Of Thinning On Biomass Growth In Young Populus-Tremuloides Plots", "description": "

Stem, branch, and leaf biomass and leaf-area index (LAI) were estimated for 4 years of growth in plots of thinned and unthinned 7-year-old Populustremuloides Michx. In 1978, transmitted photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) was monitored to estimate percent PAR transmitted. Four years after thinning total aboveground biomass and LAI in the thinned plots exceeded prethinning levels, but were still much less than in the unthinned plots. Leaf biomass and LAI in the unthinned plots increased to 3900\uffe2\uff80\uff82kg ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 and 5.7, respectively, but were still increasing in the thinned plots. Annual net stem and branch production during the study was relatively constant at about 5300\uffe2\uff80\uff82kg ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 year\uffe2\uff88\uff921 in the unthinned plots, while net production in the thinned plots was still increasing. Transmitted PAR attenuated rapidly to LAI 3.5, approaching asymptote near LAI 5. Results suggest that, in the short term, thinning of young stands will decrease total aboveground biomass, but net annual biomass accumulation may not be greatly different between thinned and unthinned stands. LAI 3.5 may be an acceptable value for 11-year-old stands but should be permitted to increase to near LAI 5 in older stands.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Ecology and Evolutionary Biology", "Plant Sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Agriculture", "Genetics and Genomics", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Forest Sciences", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Hocker, H. W., Jr.", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/x82-111"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Forest%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1139/x82-111", "name": "item", "description": "10.1139/x82-111", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1139/x82-111"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1982-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1139/x88-221", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:19:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-12-19", "title": "Biomass And Nutrients In Regenerating Woody Vegetation Following Whole-Tree And Conventional Harvest In A Northern Mixed Forest", "description": "

Biomass and nutrient contents of regenerating woody plants and litter fall were measured after a northern mixed conifer\uffe2\uff80\uff93hardwood forest was harvested by conventional and whole-tree methods. Before harvest, the central Ontario study site was occupied by a 95-year-old pine (Pinusresinosa, P. strobus) and aspen (Populustremuloides, P. grandidentata) stand growing on gently rolling, gravel-free outwash sands. Four years after harvest, aspen abundance increased 100-fold in both harvested areas, with higher densities after whole-tree harvest (WTH) (4.1\uffe2\uff80\uff82stems/m2) than after conventional harvest (CH) (2.7\uffe2\uff80\uff82stems/m2). No self-thinning of aspen occurred between 2 and 4 years after harvest. Total aboveground woody biomass accumulated at 2.0\uffe2\uff80\uff82t\uffe2\uff80\uffa2ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffe2\uff80\uffa2year\uffe2\uff88\uff921 in the WTH area and 1.5\uffe2\uff80\uff82t\uffe2\uff80\uffa2ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffe2\uff80\uffa2year\uffe2\uff88\uff921 in the CH area; the preharvest rate was 2.0\uffe2\uff80\uff82t\uffe2\uff80\uffa2ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffe2\uff80\uffa2year\uffe2\uff88\uff921. Peak autumn litter production occurred earlier in the harvested areas than in an adjacent uncut area. Cycling of N and K in litter fall returned to preharvest rates after 4 years. Cycling of Ca in litter fall was lower after WTH than after CH. Vegetation uptake of N and K (litter fall plus woody biomass) in the harvested areas in year 4 exceeded the preharvest value. Increased N accumulation in woody biomass (3.0\uffe2\uff80\uff82kg\uffe2\uff80\uffa2ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffe2\uff80\uffa2year\uffe2\uff88\uff921 before harvest, 10.6\uffe2\uff80\uff82kg\uffe2\uff80\uffa2ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffe2\uff80\uffa2year\uffe2\uff88\uff921 after WTH) would place a relatively greater demand on forest floor N pools in the WTH than in the CH area owing to lack of N input in logging slash. Although WTH did not reduce initial rates of biomass production, Populus spp. had lower concentrations of N, Ca, and Mg in the WTH area than in the CH area. There may be a danger that WTH on less fertile sites in the region will produce dense, unproductive aspen stands with low rates of self-thinning.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Spermatophyta", "Angiosperms", "Broadleaves", "Forest litter", "Microorganisms", "Coniferopsida: Gymnospermae", "Gymnosperms", "01 natural sciences", "logging", "Dicots", "pines", "nutrients", "Spermatophytes", "Natural regeneration", "Plant nutrition", "Plantae", "Forest Sciences", "Vascular Plants", "biomass", "Stand characteristics", "Salicaceae: Dicotyledones", "thinning", "Soil morphology", "Cycling", "Forestry", "Pinus Resinosa Pinus Strobus Populus Tremuloides Populus Grandidentata Forest Biomass Energy Forest Products", "Plants", "15. Life on land", "Conifers", "Angiospermae", "composition", "whole tree logging", "nutrient reserves", "natural thinning", "measurement", "ecology"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Hendrickson, O.Q.", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/x88-221"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Forest%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1139/x88-221", "name": "item", "description": "10.1139/x88-221", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1139/x88-221"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1988-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1139/x89-213", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:19:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-01-08", "title": "The Effect Of Wildfire On Soil Chemistry In 4 Forest Types In Interior Alaska", "description": "

Soil chemical properties were studied after a wildfire in stands of white spruce (Piceaglauca (Moench) Voss), black spruce (Piceamariana (Mill.) B.S.P.), paper birch (Betulapapyrifera Marsh.), and quaking aspen (Populustremuloides Michx.). Samples of the forest floor and surface 5\uffe2\uff80\uff82cm of mineral soil were collected from burned sites and unburned controls and analyzed soon after the fire. With the exception of soil pH, effects of the fire on soil chemistry differed among the four forest types. Generally, amounts of exchangeable K, Ca, and Mg did not appreciably increase in the forest floor and surface mineral soil except in heavily burned areas in white spruce and black spruce. Fire reduced amounts of N by about 50% in white spruce, aspen, and birch forest floors. In black spruce, quantities of N were slightly higher in heavily burned locations. Forest floor C:N ratios were substantially lower in heavily burned locations in white spruce and black spruce than in unburned controls. Burning did not have a marked influence on supplies of available P in the forest floor, except in heavily burned black spruce, where average amounts were 12.50\uffe2\uff80\uff82g/m2 versus only 0.46\uffe2\uff80\uff82g/m2 in the control. Burning caused more moderate gains in available P in surface mineral soils under aspen and white spruce. We concluded that fire caused marked short-term changes in soil chemistry in the four forest types. How long these changes will persist is unknown.

", "keywords": ["Spermatophyta", "Angiosperms", "PH", "Coniferopsida: Gymnospermae", "Betula Papyrifera", "Gymnosperms", "01 natural sciences", "Dicots", "Picea Mariana", "Picea Glauca", "Populus Tremuloides", "Betulaceae: Dicotyledones", "Spermatophytes", "Magnesium", "Plantae", "Forest Sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "Plant Carbon Nitrogen Ratio", "Vascular Plants", "Salicaceae: Dicotyledones", "Phosphorus", "Forestry", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Plants", "15. Life on land", "Angiospermae", "Potassium", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Calcium"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Dyrness, D.T., Van Cleve, K., Levison, J.D.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/x89-213"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Forest%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1139/x89-213", "name": "item", "description": "10.1139/x89-213", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1139/x89-213"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1989-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1139/x92-146", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:19:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-12-18", "title": "Carbon Storage In Lake States Aspen Ecosystems", "description": "

Total ecosystem carbon in the soil and vegetation was measured for a range of aspen (Populustremuloides Michx.) ecosystems, including a chronosequence on the same soil ranging in age from 0 to 80 years. Soil carbon stayed relatively constant throughout the stand's life and was not affected by timber harvesting. Changes in ecosystem carbon closely paralleled the changes in standing biomass. Aspen grown on 40-year rotations on good soils will sequester several times as much carbon per year as old-growth forests.

", "keywords": ["Management Options", "0106 biological sciences", "Michigan", "Spermatophyta", "Angiosperms", "Broadleaves", "wisconsin", "aspen", "Minnesota", "01 natural sciences", "Dicots", "forest succession", "Spermatophytes", "Populus tremuloides", "Biomass", "Plantae", "Forest Sciences", "USA", "Vascular Plants", "Salicaceae: Dicotyledones", "carbon", "Rotation Length", "age of trees", "Forestry", "Carbon cycle", "plant succession", "Plants", "Timber Harvest", "forest ecosystem", "carbon storage", "15. Life on land", "Angiospermae", "Chronosequence Soil Carbon", "ecosystems"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Alban, David H., Perala, D.A.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/x92-146"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Forest%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1139/x92-146", "name": "item", "description": "10.1139/x92-146", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1139/x92-146"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1992-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1890/03-5055", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:19:43Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-06-06", "title": "Soil Nitrogen Cycling Under Elevated Co2: A Synthesis Of Forest Face Experiments", "description": "

The extent to which greater net primary productivity (NPP) will be sustained as the atmospheric CO2 concentration increases will depend, in part, on the long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term supply of N for plant growth. Over a two\uffe2\uff80\uff90year period, we used common field and laboratory methods to quantify microbial N, gross N mineralization, microbial N immobilization, and specific microbial N immobilization in three free\uffe2\uff80\uff90air CO2 enrichment experiments (Duke Forest, Oak Ridge, Rhinelander). In these experiments, elevated atmospheric CO2 has increased the input of above\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and belowground litter production, which fuels heterotrophic metabolism in soil. Nonetheless, we found no effect of atmospheric CO2 concentration on any microbial N cycling pool or process, indicating that greater litter production had not initially altered the microbial supply of N for plant growth. Thus, we have no evidence that changes in plant litter production under elevated CO2 will initially slow soil N availability and produce a negative feedback on NPP. Understanding the time scale over which greater plant production modifies microbial N demand lies at the heart of our ability to predict long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term changes in soil N availability and hence whether greater NPP will be sustained in a CO2\uffe2\uff80\uff90enriched atmosphere.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "elevated CO2", "soil microorganisms", "Science", "Ecology and Evolutionary Biology", "microbial immobilization", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "soil N cycling", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "climate change", "gross N mineralization", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "forest FACE experiments", "Forest Sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1890/03-5055"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecological%20Applications", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1890/03-5055", "name": "item", "description": "10.1890/03-5055", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1890/03-5055"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2003-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1890/10-2210.1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:19:45Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-07-26", "title": "Soil C And N Changes With Afforestation Of Grasslands Across Gradients Of Precipitation And Plantation Age", "description": "

Afforestation, the conversion of unforested lands to forests, is a tool for sequestering anthropogenic carbon dioxide into plant biomass. However, in addition to altering biomass, afforestation can have substantial effects on soil organic carbon (SOC) pools, some of which have much longer turnover times than plant biomass. An increasing body of evidence suggests that the effect of afforestation on SOC may depend on mean annual precipitation (MAP). The goal of this study was to test how labile and bulk pools of SOC and total soil nitrogen (TN) change with afforestation across a rainfall gradient of 600\uffe2\uff80\uff931500 mm in the Rio de la Plata grasslands of Argentina and Uruguay. The sites were all former grasslands planted withEucalyptusspp. Overall, we found that afforestation increased (up to 1012 kg C\uffc2\uffb7ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffc2\uffb7yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921) or decreased (as much as 1294 kg C\uffc2\uffb7ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffc2\uffb7yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921) SOC pools in this region and that these changes were significantly related to MAP. Drier sites gained, and wetter sites lost, SOC and TN (r2= 0.59,P= 0.003; andr2= 0.57,P= 0.004, respectively). Labile C and N in microbial biomass and extractable soil pools followed similar patterns to bulk SOC and TN. Interestingly, drier sites gained more SOC and TN as plantations aged, while losses reversed as plantations aged in wet sites, suggesting that plantation age in addition to precipitation is a critical driver of changes in soil organic matter with afforestation. This new evidence implies that longer intervals between harvests for plantations could improve SOC storage, ameliorating the negative trends found in humid sites. Our results suggest that the value of afforestation as a carbon sequestration tool should be considered in the context of precipitation and age of the forest stand.

", "keywords": ["Soil nitrogen", "Time Factors", "Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology", "Nitrogen", "Rain", "soil nitrogen", "Argentina", "Precipitation", "precipitation", "Poaceae", "333", "Trees", "Soil", "afforestation", "https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6", "Afforestations", "https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1", "Biology", "Forest Sciences", "Ecosystem", "2. Zero hunger", "Soil organic carbon", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Carbon", "soil organic carbon", "Uruguay", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Eucalyptus plantation"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1890/10-2210.1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecological%20Applications", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1890/10-2210.1", "name": "item", "description": "10.1890/10-2210.1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1890/10-2210.1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2136/sssaj2009.0095", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:20:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-01-07", "description": "

Laboratory and field CO2 efflux measurements were used to investigate the influence of soil organic C (SOC) decomposability and soil microclimate on summer SOC dynamics in seasonally dry montane forest and rangeland soils at the T.W. Daniel Experimental Forest in northern Utah. Soil respiration, soil temperature, and soil moisture content (SMC) were measured between July and October 2004 and 2005 in 12 control and 12 irrigated plots laid out in a randomized block design in adjacent forest (aspen or conifer) and rangeland (sagebrush [Artemisia tridentata Nutt.] or grass\uffe2\uff80\uff93forb) sites. Irrigated plots received a single water addition of 2.5 cm in July 2004 and two additions in July 2005. The SOC decomposability in mineral soil samples (0\uffe2\uff80\uff9310, 10\uffe2\uff80\uff9320, and 20\uffe2\uff80\uff9330 cm) was derived from 10\uffe2\uff80\uff90mo lab incubations. The amount of SOC accumulated in the A horizon (16 Mg ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921) and the top 1 m (74 Mg ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921) of the mineral soil did not differ significantly among vegetation type, but upper forest soils tended to contain more decomposable SOC than rangeland soils. The CO2 efflux measured in the field varied significantly with vegetation cover (aspen > conifer = sagebrush > grass\uffe2\uff80\uff93forb), ranging from 12 kg CO2\uffe2\uff80\uff93C ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 d\uffe2\uff88\uff921 in aspen to 5 kg CO2\uffe2\uff80\uff93C ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 d\uffe2\uff88\uff921 in the grass\uffe2\uff80\uff93forb sites. It increased (\uffe2\uff88\uffbc35%) immediately following water additions, with treatment effects dissipating within 1 wk. Soil temperature and SMC, which were negatively correlated (r = \uffe2\uff88\uff920.53), together explained \uffe2\uff88\uffbc60% of the variability in summer soil respiration. Our study suggests that vegetation cover influences summer CO2 efflux rates through its effect on SOC quality and the soil microclimate.

", "keywords": ["Ecology and Evolutionary Biology", "Plant Sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Agriculture", "Genetics and Genomics", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Forest Sciences", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Olsen, Harley R., Van Miegroet, Helga,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/context/docdan/article/1140/viewcontent/j.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2009.0095"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Science%20Society%20of%20America%20Journal", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2136/sssaj2009.0095", "name": "item", "description": "10.2136/sssaj2009.0095", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2136/sssaj2009.0095"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2136/sssaj2011.0364", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:20:10Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-10-05", "description": "

This study compares the amount, distribution, and stability of soil organic carbon (SOC) in six paired quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx) and conifer plots at three locations in northern Utah, to assess the influence of vegetation cover and other biotic and abiotic drivers on SOC storage capacity in seasonally dry environments. Aspen soils accumulated significantly more SOC in the mineral soil (0\uffe2\uff80\uff9360 cm) (92.2 \uffc2\uffb1 26.7 Mg C ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 vs. 66.9 \uffc2\uffb1 18.6 Mg C ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 under conifers), and despite thicker O horizons under conifers that contained higher amounts of SOC (11.6 \uffc2\uffb1 8.8 Mg C ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 under conifers vs. 1.65 \uffc2\uffb1 0.38 Mg C ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 in aspen), across all sites SOC storage was 25% higher under aspen. Shallow soil cores (0\uffe2\uff80\uff9315 cm) did not indicate significant differences in SOC with vegetation type. The SOC under aspen was also more stable, indicated by well\uffe2\uff80\uff90developed mollic epipedon (A horizon 38\uffe2\uff80\uff9353\uffe2\uff80\uff90cm thick vs. 5.5\uffe2\uff80\uff9334 cm under conifers), slower turnover of surficial SOC deduced from long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term laboratory incubations (67.7 \uffc2\uffb1 15.7 g CO2\uffe2\uff80\uff93C per kg C for aspen vs. 130.9 \uffc2\uffb1 41.3 g CO2\uffe2\uff80\uff93C per kg C for conifer soils), and a greater preponderance of mineral\uffe2\uff80\uff90associated SOC (55\uffc2\uffb113% in aspen vs. 41\uffc2\uffb113% in conifer). Aspen soils were generally wetter and we hypothesize that rapid litter turnover coupled with greater water supply may have caused greater downward redistribution and adsorption of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in aspen soils.

", "keywords": ["Ecology and Evolutionary Biology", "Wood Science and Pulp", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Forest Biology", "Paper Technology", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Entomology", "Forest Management", "Forest Sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Woldesalassie, Mical, Miegroet, Helga Van, Gruselle, Marie C\u00c3\u00a9cile, Hambly, Nickoli,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2011.0364"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Science%20Society%20of%20America%20Journal", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2136/sssaj2011.0364", "name": "item", "description": "10.2136/sssaj2011.0364", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2136/sssaj2011.0364"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-10-05T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2136/sssaj2013.08.0351nafsc", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:20:11Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-06-20", "title": "Post-Fire Comparisons Of Forest Floor And Soil Carbon, Nitrogen, And Mercury Pools With Fire Severity Indices", "description": "

Forest fires are important contributors of C, N, and Hg to the atmosphere. In the fall of 2011, a large wildfire occurred in northern Minnesota and we were able to quickly access the area to sample the forest floor and mineral soil for C, N, and Hg pools. When compared with unburned reference soils, the mean loss of C resulting from fire in the forest floor and the upper 20 cm of mineral soil was 19.3 Mg ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921, for N the mean loss was 0.17 Mg ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921, and for Hg the mean loss was 9.3 g ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921. To assess the influence of fire severity on the forest floor and mineral soils, we used an established method that included a soil burn severity index and a tree burn severity index with a gradient of severity classes. It was apparent that the unburned reference class had greater forest floor C, N, and Hg pools and higher C/N ratios than the burned classes. The C/N ratios of the 0\uffe2\uff80\uff90 to 10\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and 10\uffe2\uff80\uff90 to 20\uffe2\uff80\uff90cm mineral soils in the unburned reference class were also greater than in the burned classes, indicating that a small amount of C was lost and/or N was gained, potentially through leaching unburned forest floor material. However, with a couple of exceptions, the severity classes were unable to differentiate the forest floor and mineral soil impacts among soil burn and tree burn severity indices. Developing burn severity indices that are reflective of soil elemental impacts is an important first step in scaling ecosystem impacts both within and across fire events.

", "keywords": ["550", "Other Forestry and Forest Sciences", "13. Climate action", "Natural Resources and Conservation", "Natural Resources Management and Policy", "15. Life on land", "Forest Management", "01 natural sciences", "Environmental Monitoring", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2013.08.0351nafsc"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Science%20Society%20of%20America%20Journal", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2136/sssaj2013.08.0351nafsc", "name": "item", "description": "10.2136/sssaj2013.08.0351nafsc", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2136/sssaj2013.08.0351nafsc"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2307/1942184", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:20:17Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-04-26", "description": "In contrast to the rather voluminous literature concerning artificial reforestation of industrial waste land, especially strip-mined areas, comparatively few studies have been made of the development of natural vegetation.", "keywords": ["Forest Sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Leisman, G.A.", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2307/1942184"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecological%20Monographs", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2307/1942184", "name": "item", "description": "10.2307/1942184", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2307/1942184"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1957-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.4141/cjss95-075", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:21:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-04-24", "title": "Calculation Of Organic Matter And Nutrients Stored In Soils Under Contrasting Management Regimes", "description": "

Assessments of management-induced changes in soil organic matter depend on the methods used to calculate the quantities of organic C and N stored in soils. Chemical analyses in the laboratory indicate the concentrations of elements in soils, but the thickness and bulk density of the soil layers in the field must be considered to estimate the quantities of elements per unit area. Conventional methods that calculate organic matter storage as the product of concentration, bulk density and thickness do not fully account for variations in soil mass. Comparisons between the quantities of organic C, N, P and S in Gray Luvisol soils under native aspen forest and various cropping systems were hampered by differences in the mass of soil under consideration. The influence of these differences was eliminated by calculating the masses of C, N, P and S in an 'equivalent soil mass' (i.e. the mass of soil in a standard or reference surface layer). Reassessment of previously published data also indicated that estimates of organic matter storage depended on soil mass. Appraisals of organic matter depletion or accumulation usually were different for comparisons among element masses in an equivalent soil mass than for comparisons among element masses in genetic horizons or in fixed sampling depths. Unless soil erosion or deposition had altered the mass of topsoil per unit area, comparisons among unequal soil masses were unjustified and erroneous. For management-induced changes in soil organic matter and nutrient storage to be assessed reliably, the masses of soil being compared must be equivalent. Key words: Soil carbon, soil nitrogen, soil phosphorus, soil sulfur, carbon cycle, carbon storage, bulk density effects, Gray Luvisol, soil erosion

", "keywords": ["Gray Luvisol", "soil sulfur", "soil erosion", "soil nitrogen", "soil phosphorus", "carbon cycle", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "carbon storage", "15. Life on land", "Soil carbon", "bulk density effects", "Forest Sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.4141/cjss95-075"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Soil%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.4141/cjss95-075", "name": "item", "description": "10.4141/cjss95-075", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.4141/cjss95-075"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1995-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.4141/s97-026", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:21:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-04-24", "description": "

Forest management activities that decrease soil porosity and remove organic matter have been associated with declines in site productivity. In the northern Lake States region, research is in progress in the aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx. and P. grandidentata Michx.) forest type to determine effects of soil compaction and organic matter removal on soil properties and growth of aspen suckers, associated woody species, herbaceous vegetation, and on stand development. Four treatments: (1) total tree harvest (TTH); (2) TTH plus soil compaction (CPT); (3) TTH plus forest floor removal (FFR); and (4) TTH plus CPT + FFR were applied after winter-harvest of a 70-yr-old aspen stand growing on a loamy sand with a site index(age50) of 20.7\uffe2\uff80\uff82m. The CPT treatment significantly increased bulk density and soil strength of the surface 30\uffe2\uff80\uff82cm of soil and neither have recovered during the 5\uffe2\uff80\uff82yr since treatment. The CPT plots had 19.6 thousand (k) suckers ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921, less than half that of the TTH and FFR treatments; mean diameter (19.4\uffe2\uff80\uff82mm) and height (271\uffe2\uff80\uff82cm) were greatest on the TTH plots. The disturbance treatments (CPT, FFR, and CPT + FFR) each reduced biomass of foliage, stems, and total suckers compared with the TTH treatment. Total aboveground biomass (herbs + shrubs + suckers) was less than half that of TTH plots. There were 5.0\uffe2\uff80\uff82k saplings (suckers >2.5\uffe2\uff80\uff82cm DBH) ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 on the TTH plots, but fewer than 1.0\uffe2\uff80\uff82k ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 in the other treatments. The disturbance treatments decreased 5-yr growth of potential crop trees, delayed early stand development, and temporarily reduced stockability and site productivity of an aspen ecosystem. Key words: Soil compaction, organic matter removal, site productivity, stand development

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "550", "site productivity", "organic matter removal", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "stand development", "15. Life on land", "Soil compaction", "Forest Sciences", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Stone, D.M., Elioff, J.D.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.4141/s97-026"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Soil%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.4141/s97-026", "name": "item", "description": "10.4141/s97-026", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.4141/s97-026"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1998-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/bgd-6-607-2009", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:21:26Z", "created": "2010-04-29", "description": "

Abstract. Denitrification within riparian buffers may trade reduced nonpoint source pollution of surface waters for increased greenhouse gas emissions resulting from denitrification-produced nitrous oxide (N2O). However, little is known about the N2O emission within conservation buffers established for water quality improvement or of the importance of short-term N2O peak emission following rewetting dry soils and thawing frozen soils. Such estimates are important in reducing uncertainties in current Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) methodologies estimating soil N2O emission which are based on N inputs. This study contrasts N2O emission from riparian buffer systems of three perennial vegetation types and an adjacent crop field, and compares measured N2O emission with estimates based on the IPCC methodology. We measured soil properties, N inputs, weather conditions and N2O fluxes from soils in forested riparian buffers, warm-season and cool-season grass filters, and a crop field located in the Bear Creek watershed in central Iowa, USA. Cumulative N2O emissions from soils in all riparian buffers (5.8 kg N2O-N ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 in 2006\uffe2\uff80\uff932007) were significantly less than those from crop field soils (24.0 kg N2O-N ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 in 2006\uffe2\uff80\uff932007), with no difference among the buffer vegetation types. While N2O peak emissions (up to 70-fold increase) following the rewetting of dry soils and thawing of frozen soils comprised 46\uffe2\uff80\uff9370% of the annual N2O emissions from soils in the crop field, soils in the riparian buffers were less sensitive to such events (3 to 10-fold increase). The ratio of N2O emission to N inputs within riparian buffers (0.02) was smaller than those of crop field (0.07). These results indicate that N2O emission from soils within the riparian buffers established for water quality improvement should not be considered a major source of N2O emission compared to crop field emission. The observed large difference between measured N2O emissions and those estimated using the IPCC's recommended methodology (i.e., 87% underestimation) in the crop field suggests that the IPCC methodology may underestimate N2O emission in the regions where soil rewetting and thawing are common, and that conditions predicted by future climate-change scenarios may increase N2O emissions.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment", "Sustainability", "13. Climate action", "Ecology and Evolutionary Biology", "Soil Science", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Forest Sciences", "630", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/bgd-6-607-2009"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/bgd-6-607-2009", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/bgd-6-607-2009", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/bgd-6-607-2009"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-01-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5849/sjaf.12-028", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-24T16:23:25Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-11-28", "title": "Forest Carbon Dynamics Associated With Growth And Disturbances In Oklahoma And Texas, 1992-2006", "description": "Quantifying forest carbon changes associated with growth and major disturbances is important for management of greenhouse gas emissions related to forests. Regional-level approaches with improved local growth data may refine estimates obtained using coarser resolution information. This study integrates remote-sensing-derived land cover change products, harvest data, forest fire data, and local forest growth estimates at the county level to identify forest ecosystem carbon change for the states of Oklahoma and Texas (1992-2006). Whereas Oklahoma was a carbon sink of 0.5 Tg C yr-1, Texas was estimated to be a carbon source of -1.8 Tg C yr-1 for the period. The two states together functioned as a carbon source of -1.3 Tg C yr-1 for the entire period, although it was a small sink of 0.1 Tg C yr-1 in the recent period of 2001-2006 due to reduced annual rates of net forest-to-nonforest conversion and harvesting, compared to those in the early period of 1992-2001. Most counties located in the western portions of both states were small sinks of carbon during the period. Even though their growth rates are greater, many counties in the eastern portions of both states were carbon sources due to a higher intensity of forest-related disturbances. A sensitivity analysis was conducted to investigate possible double-counting of harvest and cover change by assuming half of the sequestration and emissions from land cover changes were already counted as harvest. Results indicated Oklahoma would be a sink of 1.0 Tg C yr-1, and Texas would be a small carbon source of -0.1 Tg C yr-1. Uncertainty in forest area for the western portions of these states remains an important source of potential error.", "keywords": ["Carbon sequestration", "0106 biological sciences", "Net carbon exchange", "13. Climate action", "Major disturbances", "Carbon emission", "15. Life on land", "Ecological region", "Forest Sciences", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5849/sjaf.12-028"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Southern%20Journal%20of%20Applied%20Forestry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5849/sjaf.12-028", "name": "item", "description": "10.5849/sjaf.12-028", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5849/sjaf.12-028"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "11250/3127761", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-23T16:24:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-02-24", "title": "Stabilization of PFAS-contaminated soil with sewage sludge- and wood-based biochar sorbents", "description": "Sustainable and effective remediation technologies for the treatment of soil contaminated with per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are greatly needed. This study investigated the effects of waste-based biochars on the leaching of PFAS from a sandy soil with a low total organic carbon content (TOC) of 0.57\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.04\u00a0% impacted by PFAS from aqueous film forming foam (AFFF) dispersed at a former fire-fighting facility. Six different biochars (pyrolyzed at 700-900\u00a0\u00b0C) were tested, made from clean wood chips (CWC), waste timber (WT), activated waste timber (aWT), two digested sewage sludges (DSS-1 and DSS-2) and de-watered raw sewage sludge (DWSS). Up-flow column percolation tests (15\u00a0days and 16 pore volume replacements) with 1\u00a0% biochar indicated that the dominant congener in the soil, perfluorooctane sulphonic acid (PFOS) was retained best by the aWT biochar with a 99.9\u00a0% reduction in the leachate concentration, followed by sludge-based DWSS (98.9\u00a0%) and DSS-2 and DSS-1 (97.8\u00a0% and 91.6\u00a0%, respectively). The non-activated wood-based biochars (CWC and WT) on the other hand, reduced leaching by <42.4\u00a0%. Extrapolating this to field conditions, 90\u00a0% leaching of PFOS would occur after 15 y for unamended soil, and after 1200 y and 12,000 y, respectively, for soil amended with 1\u00a0% DWSS-amended and aWT biochar. The high effectiveness of aWT and the three sludge-based biochars in reducing PFAS leaching from the soil was attributed largely to high porosity in a pore size range (>1.5\u00a0nm) that can accommodate the large PFAS molecules (>1.02-2.20\u00a0nm) combined with a high affinity to the biochar matrix. Other factors like anionic exchange capacity could play a contributing role. Sorbent effectiveness was better for long-chain than for short-chain PFAS, due to weaker, apolar interactions between the biochar and the latter's shorter hydrophobic CF2-tails. The findings were the first to demonstrate that locally sourced activated wood-waste biochars and non-activated sewage sludge biochars could be suitable sorbents for the ex situ stabilization and in situ remediation of PFAS-contaminated soil, bringing this technology one step closer to full-scale field testing.", "keywords": ["Soil stabilization", "Fluorocarbons", "Sorbent", "Sewage", "PFAS", "Water", "Wood", "Chemistry", "Soil", "Alkanesulfonic Acids", "Other Forestry and Forest Sciences", "Charcoal", "Column tests", "Environmental Chemistry", "Soil Pollutants", "Waste-based biochar"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/context/chemistry_fac_pubs/article/1295/viewcontent/Goranov_2024_StabilizationofPFASContaminatedSoilWith.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/11250/3127761"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "11250/3127761", "name": "item", "description": "11250/3127761", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/11250/3127761"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Forest+Sciences&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Forest+Sciences&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "first", "title": "items (first)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Forest+Sciences&", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "last", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (last)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Forest+Sciences&offset=29", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 29, "numberReturned": 29, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-05-25T02:15:37.497888Z"}