{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.08.045", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-24T16:16:26Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-09-04", "title": "Effects Of Elevated Temperature And Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Concentration On The Emissions Of Methane And Nitrous Oxide From Portuguese Flooded Rice Fields", "description": "Abstract   Methane (CH 4 ) and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions from flooded rice fields have been rarely measured in Europe. A field study was carried out in an intermittent flooded rice field at central Portugal to investigate if global warming under Mediterranean conditions, elevated soil temperature (+2\u00a0\u00b0C) and atmospheric [CO 2 ] (550\u00a0ppm), could lead to significant effects in CH 4  and N 2 O emissions. The experimental design consisted of three treatments arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. To assess the effects of ambient temperature and actual atmospheric [CO 2 ] (375\u00a0ppm), plots were laid under open-field rice conditions. Using open-top chambers, two other treatments were established: one to assess the effect of elevated temperature and actual atmospheric [CO 2 ] and a third treatment to evaluate the combined effect of elevated temperature and atmospheric [CO 2 ]. Measurements of CH 4  and N 2 O fluxes were made throughout two consecutive growing seasons in the field using the closed chamber technique. Elevation of temperature with or without elevated atmospheric [CO 2 ] increased CH 4  emissions by 50%, but this increase was not significant compared to the open-field condition. As for N 2 O, elevated temperature alone or combined with elevated atmospheric [CO 2 ] had no significant effect on emissions relative to the open-field treatment. The estimated seasonal CH 4  EF for the Portuguese flooded rice fields was 10.0\u00a0g\u00a0CH 4 \u00a0m \u22122 , while the EF for N 2 O emissions was 1.4% of N input. These results suggested that default seasonal CH 4  and N 2 O EFs currently used by the Portuguese inventory were not appropriated.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "CO2 enrichment", "Intermittent \ufb02ooded rice", "Open-\ufb01eld", "13. Climate action", "Emission factors", "Temperature", "15. Life on land", "GHGs emissions", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.08.045"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Atmospheric%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.08.045", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.08.045", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.08.045"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.03.013", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-24T16:17:38Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-03-29", "title": "Chars Produced By Slow Pyrolysis And Hydrothermal Carbonization Vary In Carbon Sequestration Potential And Greenhouse Gases Emissions", "description": "Bio-char, biomass that has been deliberately charred to slow its rate of decomposition, has been proposed as an amendment with the potential to sequester carbon and improve certain soil properties. Slow pyrolysis (temperature \u2264500\u00b0C) and hydrothermal carbonization (low temperature, high pressure) are two efficient methods to produce bio-char with high yield and are applicable to a broad range of feedstocks. Chars made using slow pyrolysis (PC) and hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of the same feedstock material (corn, C4) differed in physical appearance, chemical properties and decomposition behavior. We added these HTC and PC chars as amendments to three soils with C3-derived organic matter that differed in clay content, pH, and land use (managed spruce forest, unmanaged deciduous forest and agriculture), and compared their impacts on carbon sequestration and net greenhouse gas (CO2, 13CO2, N2O and CH4) emissions. HTC addition (1% w/w) significantly increased CO2 emissions in all three soils (p<0.001), with much of the extra C derived from HTC decomposition. In contrast, PC addition (1% w/w) had almost no impact on deciduous forest soil and actually decreased CO2 emission from the agricultural soil. HTC treatment resulted in increased CH4 emission from all soils but reduced N2O fluxes in the agricultural and spruce forest soils. PC amendment had no significant effect on CH4 emission, and resulted in intermediate levels of N2O emission (between control and HTC treatments). Although both HTC and PC chars were produced from the same feedstock, PC had markedly higher potential for carbon sequestration than HTC. \u00a9 2013 Elsevier Ltd.", "keywords": ["Carbon sequestration", "2. Zero hunger", "Soil organic matter", "Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences", "Life on Land", "GHGs", "Agronomy & Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Biological Sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "12. Responsible consumption", "Climate Action", "Laboratory incubation", "Dry and wet pyrolysis", "13. Climate action", "delta C-13", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Bio-char", "Environmental Sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt85k758t2/qt85k758t2.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.03.013"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.03.013", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.03.013", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.03.013"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2268/250895", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-24T16:26:39Z", "type": "Other", "title": "Vertical interval dynamics of greenhouse gases in groundwater (Hesbaye chalk aquifer, Belgium)", "description": "Open AccessIncrease in the concentration of greenhouse gases (GHGs) in the atmosphere threatens the existence of many ecosystems and their inhabitants. Agricultural activities contribute up to 70 % of total anthropogenic emission of nitrous oxide (N2O), one of the GHGs, which is characterized with the highest global warming potential and contributes to stratospheric ozone depletion. Our study presents the results obtained from the recent field and lab activities carried out in order to obtain better insight into the factors that define the presence of N2O in groundwater. Previous large scale investigations, performed in the Hesbaye chalk aquifer in Eastern Belgium, suggested that the concentration of N2O in the aquifer depends on different, possibly overlapping biochemical processes such as nitrification, denitrification and/or nitrifier-denitrification. This study explored the occurrence of biochemical stratification in the same aquifer and its impact on N2O production and consumption mechanisms. For this purpose low flow sampling technique was applied at different depth intervals to obtain better insight into the extent of oxic and anoxic zones and variability of concentrations of GHGs along the vertical profile. Collected groundwater samples were analyzed for the range of hydrochemical parameters as well as NO3-, N2O, H2O and B isotopes signatures and N2O isotopomers. Afterwards, rates of nitrification and denitrification processes were estimated based on short-term incubations of collected groundwater amended with NO3- and NH4+ compounds labeled with heavy 15N isotope. In addition, in order to characterize the dynamics of ongoing biogeochemical processes, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests for detection of the activity-specific enzymes in the aquifer were performed. Such studies help to clarify which conditions are more prone to the accumulation of high concentrations of GHGs in aquifers and better constrain models which estimate local and regional GHGs budgets.AcknowledgmentsThis project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sk\u0142odowska-Curie grant agreement No 675120.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Physical", " chemical", " mathematical & earth Sciences", "13. Climate action", "Physique", " chimie", " math\u00e9matiques & sciences de la terre", "Earth sciences & physical geography", "Greenhouse gases (GHGs)", "N isotopes", "Groundwater", "6. Clean water", "Sciences de la terre & g\u00e9ographie physique"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Nikolenko, Olha, Morana, C\u00e9dric, Taminiau, Bernard, Borges, Alberto, Robert, Tanguy, Goderniaux, Pascal, Duvivier, Maxime, Brouy\u00e8re, Serge,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://orbi.uliege.be/bitstream/2268/250895/1/EGU2020-4958-print.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/2268/250895"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2268/250895", "name": "item", "description": "2268/250895", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2268/250895"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2268/252074", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Restricted", "updated": "2026-06-24T16:26:39Z", "type": "Other", "title": "Effects of the hydrogeochemical stratification on the distribution of GHGs concentrations and their production/consumption processes in groundwater", "description": "RestrictedRegulation of the concentrations of greenhouse gases (GHGs) in the environment has become one of the major challenges faced by global community. In order to understand better which measures could be applied to stop the rising concentrations of N2O, CO2 and CH4 in the atmosphere, it is important to better constrain their budgets. Research findings, devoted to the study of GHGs fluxes, have reported that under agricultural areas groundwater is generally characterized with increased concentrations of N2O due to microbial conversion of N compounds derived from the application of organic and inorganic fertilizers. Previous investigations performed in the Cretaceous Hesbaye chalk aquifer in Eastern Belgium have characterized the variability of GHGs along the lateral and vertical dimensions of the aquifer taking into account the difference in hydrogeochemistry, hydrogeology and urbanization level. Results obtained from the interpretations of NO3-, N2O, SO42-, B isotopes signatures and N2O isotopomers suggested that the dynamics of N2O in the chalk aquifer was governed by different, possibly overlapping reaction mechanisms such as nitrification, denitrification or nitrifier-denitrification. They also revealed the occurrence of CH4 in oxic conditions simultaneously with electron acceptors of higher energy yield. In order to understand the mechanisms governing the observed trends in GHGs concentrations, local scale investigations have been planified to better constrict the conditions of occurrence of GHGs transformation processes and disentangle their shifting dynamics. In this context, low-flow groundwater sampling procedures were applied at different depth intervals to obtain better insight into the possible vertical extent of oxic and anoxic zones, occurrence of biogeochemical processes typically active in these zones and accumulation of GHGs in different hydrogeochemical conditions. Afterwards, series of push-pull tests, using NO3- and NH4+ compounds labeled with heavy 15N isotope were conducted to quantify the rates of nitrification and denitrification processes. Such studies help to clarify which conditions are more prone to the accumulation of high concentrations of GHGs in aquifers and better constrain the mass-balance models of GHGs production/consumption in groundwater.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Sciences aquatiques & oc\u00e9anologie", "13. Climate action", "Sciences du vivant", "Aquatic sciences & oceanology", "Greenhouse gases (GHGs)", "15. Life on land", "N isotopes", "Groundwater", "Life sciences", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Nikolenko, Olha, Orban, Philippe, Morana, C\u00e9dric, Borges, Alberto, Jamin, Pierre, Brouy\u00e8re, Serge,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/2268/252074"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2268/252074", "name": "item", "description": "2268/252074", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2268/252074"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2268/234713", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-24T16:26:38Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-04-14", "title": "Dynamics of greenhouse gases in groundwater: hydrogeological and hydrogeochemical controls", "description": "Abstract   In this study the variability of greenhouse gases (GHGs) concentrations along lateral and vertical dimensions of the chalk aquifer located in the eastern part of Belgium was examined in order to understand its dependence on hydrogeological and hydrogeochemical conditions. Groundwater samples from 29 wells/piezometers were analyzed for concentrations of nitrous oxide (N2O), carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), major and minor elements and stable isotopes of nitrate (NO3\u2212), nitrous oxide (N2O), sulfate (SO42\u2212) and boron (B). For lateral investigations, four zones with different environmental settings were identified (southern, central, north-eastern and northern). Groundwater was oversaturated with GHGs with respect to its equilibrium concentrations with the atmosphere in all zones, except the northern one, undersaturated in N2O (0.07\u202f\u00b1\u202f0.08\u202f\u03bcgN/L vs. 0.3\u202f\u03bcgN/L). Vertical dimension studies showed the decrease in CO2 concentration and significant changes in both isotope signatures and concentration of N2O with depth. The production of N2O could be attributed to a combination of nitrification and denitrification processes occurring at different depths. CO2 concentration is controlled by the process of dissolution of carbonate minerals which constitute aquifer geology. CH4 is produced due to methanogenesis in deeper parts of the aquifer, though its thermogenic origin is also possible. Differences in hydrogeochemical settings and changing intensity of biogeochemical processes across the area and with depth have considerable effect on GHGs concentrations. Thus, before estimating GHGs fluxes at the groundwater\u2013river interface insights obtained from larger-scale investigations are required in order to identify the representative spatial zones which govern GHGs emissions.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Stable isotope analysis", "Physique", " chimie", " math\u00e9matiques & sciences de la terre", "Agriculture", "01 natural sciences", "Geological", " petroleum & mining engineering", "6. Clean water", "Engineering", " computing & technology", "Ing\u00e9nierie", " informatique & technologie", "Sciences de la terre & g\u00e9ographie physique", "Indirect emissions", "Physical", " chemical", " mathematical & earth Sciences", "13. Climate action", "Earth sciences & physical geography", "G\u00e9ologie", " ing\u00e9nierie du p\u00e9trole & des mines", "Greenhouse gases (GHGs)", "Groundwater", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://orbi.uliege.be/bitstream/2268/234713/1/GHG%20Geer%20Appl.%20Geochem%202019%20VF.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/2268/234713"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Geochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2268/234713", "name": "item", "description": "2268/234713", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2268/234713"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=GHGs&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=GHGs&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "first", "title": "items (first)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=GHGs&", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "last", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (last)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=GHGs&offset=5", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 5, "numberReturned": 5, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-06-25T13:29:46.963611Z"}