{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "1959.7/uws:72836", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:25:22Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-04-24", "title": "Different Cerrado Ecotypes Show Contrasting Soil Microbial Properties, Functioning Rates, and Sensitivity to Changing Water Regimes", "description": "Abstract<p>Soil moisture is among the most important factors regulating soil biodiversity and functioning. Models forecast changes in the precipitation regime in many areas of the planet, but how these changes will influence soil functioning, and how biotic drivers modulate such effects, is far from being understood. We evaluated the responses of C and N fluxes, and soil microbial properties to different soil water regimes in soils from the main three ecotypes of the world's largest and most diverse tropical savanna. Further, we explored the direct and indirect effects of changes in the ecotype and soil water regimes on these key soil processes. Soils from the woodland savanna showed a better nutritional status than the other ecotypes, as well as higher potential N cycling rates, N2O emissions, and soil bacterial abundance but lower bacterial richness, whereas potential CO2 emissions and CH4 uptake peaked in the intermediate savanna. The ecotype also modulated the effects of changes in the soil water regime on nutrient cycling, greenhouse gas fluxes, and soil bacterial properties, with more intense responses in the intermediate savanna. Further, we highlight the existence of multiple contrasting direct and indirect (via soil microbes and abiotic properties) effects of an intensification of the precipitation regime on soil C- and N-related processes. Our results confirm that ecotype is a fundamental driver of soil properties and functioning in the Cerrado and that it can determine the responses of key soil processes to changes in the soil water regime.</p", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Ecotype", "0301 basic medicine", "Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts", "Naturgeografi", "ecotype", "Cerrado", "greenhouse gases.", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "precipitation regime", "Precipitation regime", "cerrado", "03 medical and health sciences", "Greenhouse gases", "Physical Geography", "13. Climate action", "N cycle", "XXXXXX - Unknown", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "C cycle", "http://metadata.un.org/sdg/13", "cerrado; ecotype; precipitation regime; C cycle; N cycle; greenhouse gases"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/1959.7/uws:72836"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecosystems", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "1959.7/uws:72836", "name": "item", "description": "1959.7/uws:72836", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/1959.7/uws:72836"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-04-24T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/978-94-007-0394-0_20", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:14:32Z", "created": "2011-02-08", "title": "Biofuels, Greenhouse Gases And Climate Change", "description": "Biofuels are fuels produced from biomass, mostly in liquid form, within a time frame sufficiently short to consider that their feedstock (biomass) can be renewed, contrarily to fossil fuels. This paper reviews the current and future biofuel technologies, and their development impacts (including on the climate) within given policy and economic frameworks. Current technologies make it possible to provide first generation biodiesel, ethanol or biogas to the transport sector to be blended with fossil fuels. Still under-development 2nd generation biofuels from lignocellulose should be available on the market by 2020. Research is active on the improvement of their conversion efficiency. A ten-fold increase compared with current cost-effective capacities would make them highly competitive. Within bioenergy policies, emphasis has been put on biofuels for transportation as this sector is fast-growing and represents a major source of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. Compared with fossil fuels, biofuel combustion can emit less greenhouse gases throughout their life cycle, considering that part of the emitted returns to the atmosphere where it was fixed from by photosynthesis in the first place. Life cycle assessment (LCA) is commonly used to assess the potential environmental impacts of biofuel chains, notably the impact on global warming. This tool, whose holistic nature is fundamental to avoid pollution trade-offs, is a standardised methodology that should make comparisons between biofuel and fossil fuel chains objective and thorough. However, it is a complex and time-consuming process, which requires lots of data, and whose methodology is still lacking harmonisation. Hence the life-cycle performances of biofuel chains vary widely in the literature. Furthermore, LCA is a site- and time- independent tool that cannot take into account the spatial and temporal dimensions of emissions, and can hardly serve as a decision-making tool either at local or regional levels. Focusing on greenhouse gases, emission factors used in LCAs give a rough estimate of the potential average emissions on a national level. However, they do not take into account the types of crop, soil or management practices, for instance. Modelling the impact of local factors on the determinism of greenhouse gas emissions can provide better estimates for LCA on the local level, which would be the relevant scale and degree of reliability for decision-making purposes. Nevertheless, a deeper understanding of the processes involved, most notably emissions, is still needed to definitely improve the accuracy of LCA. Perennial crops are a promising option for biofuels, due to their rapid and efficient use of nitrogen, and their limited farming operations. However, the main overall limiting factor to biofuel development will ultimately be land availability. Given the available land areas, population growth rate and consumption behaviours, it would be possible to reach by 2030 a global 10% biofuel share in the transport sector, contributing to lower global greenhouse gas emissions by up to (IEA, 2006), provided that harmonised policies ensure that sustainability criteria for the production systems are respected worldwide. Furthermore, policies should also be more integrative across sectors, so that changes in energy efficiency, the automotive sector and global consumption patterns converge towards drastic reduction of the pressure on resources. Indeed, neither biofuels nor other energy source or carriers are likely to mitigate the impacts of anthropogenic pressure on resources in a range that would compensate for this pressure growth. Hence, the first step is to reduce this pressure by starting from the variable that drives it up, i.e. anthropic consumptions.", "keywords": ["effet de serre", "BIOFUELS;ENERGY CROPS;PERENNIALS;LCA;GREENHOUSE GASES;CLIMATE CHANGE;POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC FRAMEWORKS;BIOENERGY POTENTIAL;LAND-USE CHANGE;NITROUS OXIDE;CARBON DIOXIDE;AGRICULTURAL PRATICES \u00a0;AGRONOMIE;", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "7. Clean energy", "12. Responsible consumption", "dioxyde de carbone", "11. Sustainability", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "biomasse", "pratique culturale", "\u00e9nergie", "2. Zero hunger", "changement climatique", "oxyde nitreux", "gaz trace", "\u00e9mission", "Agricultural sciences", "flux", "culture \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique", "cycle de vie", "biocarburant", "13. Climate action", "politique \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique", "impact sur l'environnement", "Sciences agricoles"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0394-0_20"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/978-94-007-0394-0_20", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/978-94-007-0394-0_20", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/978-94-007-0394-0_20"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.08.031", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:16:00Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-09-22", "title": "Impact Of Biochar Application To A Mediterranean Wheat Crop On Soil Microbial Activity And Greenhouse Gas Fluxes", "description": "Biochar has been recently proposed as a management strategy to improve crop productivity and global warming mitigation. However, the effect of such approach on soil greenhouse gas fluxes is highly uncertain and few data from field experiments are available. In a field trial, cultivated with wheat, biochar was added to the soil (3 or 6 kg m(-2)) in two growing seasons (2008/2009 and 2009/2010) so to monitor the effect of treatments on microbial parameters 3 months and 14 months after char addition. N(2)O, CH(4) and CO(2) fluxes were measured in the field during the first year after char addition. Biochar incorporation into the soil increased soil pH (from 5.2 to 6.7) and the rates of net N mineralization, soil microbial respiration and denitrification activity in the first 3 months, but after 14 months treated and control plots did not differ significantly. No changes in total microbial biomass and net nitrification rate were observed. In char treated plots, soil N(2)O fluxes were from 26% to 79% lower than N(2)O fluxes in control plots, excluding four sampling dates after the last fertilization with urea, when N(2)O emissions were higher in char treated plots. However, due to the high spatial variability, the observed differences were rarely significant. No significant differences of CH(4) fluxes and field soil respiration were observed among different treatments, with just few exceptions. Overall the char treatments showed a minimal impact on microbial parameters and GHG fluxes over the first 14 months after biochar incorporation.", "keywords": ["Crops", " Agricultural", "Greenhouse Effect", "Nitrous Oxide", "Biochar; CH; 4; CO; 2; Denitrification; N; 2; O; Nitrification;", "630", "12. Responsible consumption", "Fertilizers", "Soil Microbiology", "Triticum", "2. Zero hunger", "CH4", "Bacteria", "N2O", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "Nitrification", "6. Clean water", "Biochar", "13. Climate action", "Charcoal", "Denitrification", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "CO2", "Gases", "Methane", "Environmental Monitoring"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.08.031"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Chemosphere", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.08.031", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.08.031", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.08.031"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.04.088", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:16:01Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-05-07", "title": "Biochar Helps Enhance Maize Productivity And Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions Under Balanced Fertilization In A Rainfed Low Fertility Inceptisol", "description": "Maize production plays an important role in global food security, especially in arid and poor-soil regions. Its production is also increasing in China in terms of both planting area and yield. However, maize productivity in rainfed croplands is constrained by low soil fertility and moisture insufficiency. To increase the maize yield, local farmers use NPK fertilizer. However, the fertilization regime (CF) they practice is unbalanced with too much nitrogen in proportion to both phosphorus and potassium, which has led to low fertilizer use efficiency and excessive greenhouse gases emissions. A two-year field experiment was conducted to assess whether a high yielding but low greenhouse gases emission system could be developed by the combination of balanced fertilization (BF) and biochar amendment in a rainfed farmland located in the Northern region of China. Biochar was applied at rates of 0, 20, and 40 t/ha. Results show that BF and biochar increased maize yield and partial nutrient productivity and decreased nitrous oxide (N2O) emission. Under BF the maize yield was 23.7% greater than under CF. N2O emissions under BF were less than half that under CF due to a reduced N fertilizer application rate. Biochar amendment decreased N2O by more than 31% under CF, while it had no effect on N2O emissions under BF. Thus BF was effective at maintaining a high maize yield and reducing greenhouse gases emissions. If combined with biochar amendment, BF would be a good way of sustaining low carbon agriculture in rainfed areas.", "keywords": ["Greenhouse Effect", "330", "Rain", "Balanced fertilization", "Zea mays", "01 natural sciences", "630", "12. Responsible consumption", "Soil", "11. Sustainability", "Crop yield", "Fertilizers", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "Biochar", "Greenhouse gases", "Fertility", "13. Climate action", "Charcoal", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Gases", "Rainfed agriculture"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.04.088"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Chemosphere", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.04.088", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.04.088", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.04.088"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/fee.1482", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:14:23Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-04-10", "title": "The Jumbo Carbon Footprint Of A Shrimp: Carbon Losses From Mangrove Deforestation", "description": "<p>Scientists have the difficult task of clearly conveying the ecological consequences of forest and wetland loss to the public. To address this challenge, we scaled the atmospheric carbon emissions arising from mangrove deforestation down to the level of an individual consumer. This type of quantification represents the \uffe2\uff80\uff9cland\uffe2\uff80\uff90use carbon footprint\uffe2\uff80\uff9d, or the amount of greenhouse gases (GHGs) generated when natural ecosystems are converted to produce commodities. On the basis of measurements of ecosystem carbon stocks from 30 relatively undisturbed mangrove forests and 21 adjacent shrimp ponds or cattle pastures, we determined that mangrove conversion results in GHG emissions ranging between 1067 and 3003 megagrams of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e) per hectare. There is a land\uffe2\uff80\uff90use carbon footprint of 1440 kg CO2e for every kilogram of beef and 1603 kg CO2e for every kilogram of shrimp produced on lands formerly occupied by mangroves. A typical steak and shrimp cocktail dinner would burden the atmosphere with 816 kg CO2e. This is approximately the same quantity of GHGs produced by driving a fuel\uffe2\uff80\uff90efficient automobile from Los Angeles to New York City. Failure to include deforestation in life\uffe2\uff80\uff90cycle assessments greatly underestimates the GHG emissions from food production.</p>", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "mangroves", "carbon", "greenhouse gases", "emission", "carbon dioxide", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/fee.1482"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Frontiers%20in%20Ecology%20and%20the%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/fee.1482", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/fee.1482", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/fee.1482"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-04-10T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.092", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:16:55Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-11-10", "title": "Hydroperiod, Soil Moisture And Bioturbation Are Critical Drivers Of Greenhouse Gas Fluxes And Vary As A Function Of Landuse Change In Mangroves Of Sulawesi, Indonesia", "description": "The loss and degradation of mangroves can result in potentially significant sources of atmospheric greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. For mangrove rehabilitation carbon projects, quantifying GHG emissions as forests regenerate is a key accounting requirement. The current study is one of the first attempts to systematically quantify emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) from: 1) aquaculture ponds, 2) rehabilitating mangroves, and 3) intact mangrove sites and frame GHG flux within the context of landuse change. In-situ static chamber measurements were made at three contrasting locations in Sulawesi, Indonesia. The influence of key biophysical variables known to affect GHG flux was also assessed. Peak GHG flux was observed at rehabilitating (32.8\u202f\u00b1\u202f2.1\u202fMg\u202fCO2e\u202fha-1\u202fy-1) and intact, mature reference sites (43.8\u202f\u00b1\u202f4.5\u202fMg\u202fCO2e\u202fha-1\u202fy-1) and a dry, exposed disused aquaculture pond (30.6\u202f\u00b1\u202f1.9\u202fMg\u202fCO2e\u202fha-1\u202fy-1). Emissions were negligible at low productivity rehabilitating sites with high hydroperiod (mean 1.0\u202f\u00b1\u202f0.1\u202fMg\u202fCO2e\u202fha-1\u202fy-1) and an impounded, operational aquaculture pond (1.1\u202f\u00b1\u202f0.2\u202fMg\u202fCO2e\u202fha-1\u202fy-1). Heterogeneity in biophysical conditions and geomorphic position exerted a strong influence on GHG flux, with the longer hydroperiod and higher soil moisture content of seaward fringing mangroves correlated with decreased fluxes. A greater abundance of Mud lobster mounds and root structures in landward mangroves correlated to higher flux. When viewed across a landuse change continuum, our results suggest that the initial conversion of mangroves to aquaculture ponds releases extremely high rates of GHGs. Furthermore, the re-institution of hydrological regimes in dry, disused aquaculture ponds to facilitate tidal flushing is instrumental in rapidly mediating GHG flux, leading to a significant reduction in baseline emissions. This is an important consideration for forest carbon project proponents seeking to maximise creditable GHG emissions reductions and removals.", "keywords": ["Nitrous Oxide", "Aquaculture", "Carbon Dioxide", "Forests", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "12. Responsible consumption", "Greenhouse Gases", "Soil", "Indonesia", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "Water Movements", "Seasons", "14. Life underwater", "Ponds", "Methane", "Environmental Monitoring", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.092"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.092", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.092", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.092"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00442-003-1198-3", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:14:49Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-12-22", "title": "Response Of Ndvi, Biomass, And Ecosystem Gas Exchange To Long-Term Warming And Fertilization In Wet Sedge Tundra", "description": "This study explores the relationship between the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), aboveground plant biomass, and ecosystem C fluxes including gross ecosystem production (GEP), ecosystem respiration (ER) and net ecosystem production. We measured NDVI across long-term experimental treatments in wet sedge tundra at the Toolik Lake LTER site, in northern Alaska. Over 13 years, N and P were applied in factorial experiments (N, P and N + P), air temperature was increased using greenhouses with and without N + P fertilizer, and light intensity (photosynthetically active photon flux density) was reduced by 50% using shade cloth. Within each treatment plot, NDVI, aboveground biomass and whole-system CO(2) flux measurements were made at the same sampling points during the peak-growing season of 2001. We found that across all treatments, NDVI is correlated with aboveground biomass ( r(2)=0.84), GEP ( r(2)=0.75) and ER ( r(2)=0.71), providing a basis for linking remotely sensed NDVI to aboveground biomass and ecosystem carbon flux.", "keywords": ["Nitrogen", "Phosphorus", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Biomass", "Gases", "Photosynthesis", "Spacecraft", "Ecosystem", "Plant Physiological Phenomena", "Environmental Monitoring", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-003-1198-3"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Oecologia", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00442-003-1198-3", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00442-003-1198-3", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00442-003-1198-3"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2003-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00442-005-0222-1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:14:49Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-10-04", "title": "Variations In Soil N Cycling And Trace Gas Emissions In Wet Tropical Forests", "description": "We used a previously described precipitation gradient in a tropical montane ecosystem of Hawai'i to evaluate how changes in mean annual precipitation (MAP) affect the processes resulting in the loss of N via trace gases. We evaluated three Hawaiian forests ranging from 2200 to 4050 mm year-1 MAP with constant temperature, parent material, ecosystem age, and vegetation. In situ fluxes of N2O and NO, soil inorganic nitrogen pools (NH4+ and NO3-), net nitrification, and net mineralization were quantified four times over 2 years. In addition, we performed 15N-labeling experiments to partition sources of N2O between nitrification and denitrification, along with assays of nitrification potential and denitrification enzyme activity (DEA). Mean NO and N2O emissions were highest at the mesic end of the gradient (8.7+/-4.6 and 1.1+/-0.3 ng N cm-2 h-1, respectively) and total oxidized N emitted decreased with increased MAP. At the wettest site, mean trace gas fluxes were at or below detection limit (<or=0.2 ng N cm-2 h-1). Isotopic labeling showed that with increasing MAP, the source of N2O changed from predominately nitrification to predominately denitrification. There was an increase in extractible NH4+ and decline in NO3- , while mean net mineralization and nitrification did not change from the mesic to intermediate sites but decreased dramatically at the wettest site. Nitrification potential and DEA were highest at the mesic site and lowest at the wet site. MAP exerts strong control N cycling processes and the magnitude and source of N trace gas flux from soil through soil redox conditions and the supply of electron donors and acceptors.", "keywords": ["Minerals", "Tropical Climate", "Nitrogen Radioisotopes", "Nitrogen", "Rain", "Nitrous Oxide", "Humidity", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Nitric Oxide", "01 natural sciences", "Hawaii", "Trees", "Soil", "Ammonia", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Gases", "Ecosystem", "Environmental Monitoring", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-005-0222-1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Oecologia", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00442-005-0222-1", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00442-005-0222-1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00442-005-0222-1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-10-05T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10021-004-0093-z", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:14:52Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-03-03", "title": "Soil-Atmosphere Methane Exchange In Undisturbed And Burned Mediterranean Shrubland Of Southern Italy", "description": "Soils represent the primary biotic sink for atmospheric methane (CH4). Uncertainty is associated, however, with global soil CH4 consumption because of the few data available from many areas and, in particular, from Mediterranean-type ecosystems. In this study, soil-atmosphere CH4 exchange was measured for one year in a coastal Italian shrubland (maquis), from both undisturbed areas and areas treated with experimental fire. Although fire represents one of the most frequent disturbance factors in seasonally dry environments, very few studies in these ecosystems have focused on its effect on soil CH4 fluxes. Significant differences in soil ammonium content, water content, and temperature were measured between burned and unburned plots, however, no statistical differences were observed for CH4 fluxes. CH4 fluxes varied between \u22120.39 and \u221216.1\u00a0mg CH4 m\u22122 day\u22121 and temporal variations were mainly driven by variations in soil water content and temperature. The highest CH4 oxidation rates were measured during the driest and warmest period. Low gravimetric soil water content in the top 10\u00a0cm, as well as high NH                   4                   +                  concentration, did not seem to reduce methanotrophic activity, suggesting that maximal CH4 oxidation activity might take place deeper in the soil profile, at least during part of the year.", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "Ammonium; Fire; Mediterranean maquis; Methane; Soil temperature; Soil uptake; Soil water;", "methane", "fire; soil; methane; green house gases", "green house gases", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "fire", "soil", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-004-0093-z"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecosystems", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10021-004-0093-z", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10021-004-0093-z", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10021-004-0093-z"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-02-22T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10021-023-00838-0", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:14:55Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-04-24", "title": "Different Cerrado Ecotypes Show Contrasting Soil Microbial Properties, Functioning Rates, and Sensitivity to Changing Water Regimes", "description": "Abstract<p>Soil moisture is among the most important factors regulating soil biodiversity and functioning. Models forecast changes in the precipitation regime in many areas of the planet, but how these changes will influence soil functioning, and how biotic drivers modulate such effects, is far from being understood. We evaluated the responses of C and N fluxes, and soil microbial properties to different soil water regimes in soils from the main three ecotypes of the world's largest and most diverse tropical savanna. Further, we explored the direct and indirect effects of changes in the ecotype and soil water regimes on these key soil processes. Soils from the woodland savanna showed a better nutritional status than the other ecotypes, as well as higher potential N cycling rates, N2O emissions, and soil bacterial abundance but lower bacterial richness, whereas potential CO2 emissions and CH4 uptake peaked in the intermediate savanna. The ecotype also modulated the effects of changes in the soil water regime on nutrient cycling, greenhouse gas fluxes, and soil bacterial properties, with more intense responses in the intermediate savanna. Further, we highlight the existence of multiple contrasting direct and indirect (via soil microbes and abiotic properties) effects of an intensification of the precipitation regime on soil C- and N-related processes. Our results confirm that ecotype is a fundamental driver of soil properties and functioning in the Cerrado and that it can determine the responses of key soil processes to changes in the soil water regime.</p", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Ecotype", "0301 basic medicine", "Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts", "Naturgeografi", "ecotype", "Cerrado", "greenhouse gases.", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "precipitation regime", "Precipitation regime", "cerrado", "03 medical and health sciences", "Greenhouse gases", "Physical Geography", "13. Climate action", "N cycle", "XXXXXX - Unknown", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "C cycle", "http://metadata.un.org/sdg/13", "cerrado; ecotype; precipitation regime; C cycle; N cycle; greenhouse gases"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Duran, Jorge, Meira-Neto, Joao, Delgado Baquerizo, Manuel (R17761), Hamonts, Kelly E., Figueiredo, Viviane, Enrich-Prast, Alex, Rodriguez, Alexandra,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-023-00838-0"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecosystems", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10021-023-00838-0", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10021-023-00838-0", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10021-023-00838-0"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-04-24T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10533-023-01091-2", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:15:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-10-15", "title": "Global observation gaps of peatland greenhouse gas balances: needs and obstacles", "description": "Abstract           <p>Greenhouse gas (GHGs) emissions from peatlands contribute significantly to ongoing climate change because of human land use. To develop reliable and comprehensive estimates and predictions of GHG emissions from peatlands, it is necessary to have GHG observations, including carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O), that cover different peatland types globally. We synthesize published peatland studies with field GHG flux measurements to identify gaps in observations and suggest directions for future research. Although GHG flux measurements have been conducted at numerous sites globally, substantial gaps remain in current observations, encompassing various peatland types, regions and GHGs. Generally, there is a pressing need for additional GHG observations in Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean regions. Despite widespread measurements of CO2 and CH4, studies quantifying N2O emissions from peatlands are scarce, particularly in natural ecosystems. To expand the global coverage of peatland data, it is crucial to conduct more eddy covariance observations for long-term monitoring. Automated chambers are preferable for plot-scale observations to produce high temporal resolution data; however, traditional field campaigns with manual chamber measurements remain necessary, particularly in remote areas. To ensure that the data can be further used for modeling purposes, we suggest that chamber campaigns should be conducted at least monthly for a minimum duration of one year with no fewer than three replicates and measure key environmental variables. In addition, further studies are needed in restored peatlands, focusing on identifying the most effective restoration approaches for different ecosystem types, conditions, climates, and land use histories.</p", "keywords": ["570", "Atmospheric sciences", "Carbon Dynamics in Peatland Ecosystems", "Eddy covariance", "Greenhouse gas", "01 natural sciences", "Article", "Environmental science", "Methane Emissions", "Impact of Climate Change on Forest Wildfires", "Importance of Mangrove Ecosystems in Coastal Protection", "11. Sustainability", "greenhouse gases", "Climate change", "Biology", "peatlands", "Ecosystem", "Land use", " land-use change and forestry", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean", "Global and Planetary Change", "Ecology", "Atmosphere", "[SDU.OCEAN] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean", " Atmosphere", "Peat", "Geology", "FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences", "15. Life on land", "carbon sequestration", "[SDU.ENVI] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", " environment", "Global Emissions", "13. Climate action", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Environmental Science", "Physical Sciences", "Land use", "[SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", "environment"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-023-01091-2"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biogeochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10533-023-01091-2", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10533-023-01091-2", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10533-023-01091-2"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-10-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-011-0753-7", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:15:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-03-11", "title": "Effects Of Organic And Mineral Fertilizer Nitrogen On Greenhouse Gas Emissions And Plant-Captured Carbon Under Maize Cropping In Zimbabwe", "description": "Optimizing a three-way pact comprising crop yields, fertility inputs and greenhouse gases may minimize the contribution of croplands to global warming. Fluxes of N2O, CO2 and CH4 from soil were measured under maize (Zea mays L.) grown using 0, 60 and 120\u00a0kg\u00a0N hm-2 as NH4NO3-N and composted manure-N in three seasons on clay (Chromic luvisol) and sandy loam (Haplic lixisol) soils in Zimbabwe. The fluxes were measured using the static chamber methodology involving gas chromatography for ample air analysis. Over an average of 122\u00a0days we estimated emissions of 0.1 to 0.5\u00a0kg N2O-N hm\u22122, 711 to 1574\u00a0kg CO2-C hm\u22122 and\u22122.6 to 5.8\u00a0kg CH4-C hm\u22122 from six treatments during season II with the highest fluxes. The posed hypothesis that composted manure-N may be better placed as a mitigation option against soil emissions of GHG than mineral fertilizer-N was largely supported by N2O fluxes during the wet period of the year, but with high level of uncertainty. Nitrogen addition might have stimulated both emissions and consumption of CH4 but the sink or source strength depended highly on soil water content. We concluded that the application of mineral-N and manure input may play an important role with reference to global warming provided the season can support substantial crop productivity that may reduce the amount of N2O loss per unit yield. Confidence in fluxes response to agricultural management is still low due to sporadic measurements and limited observations from the southern African region.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "550", "manures (fertilizers)", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "630", "nitrogen", "Maize", "zea mays", "13. Climate action", "greenhouse gases", "11. Sustainability", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "climate", "agriculture", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-011-0753-7"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-011-0753-7", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-011-0753-7", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-011-0753-7"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-03-12T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-012-1248-x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:15:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-05-04", "title": "Effects Of Simulated Drought And Nitrogen Fertilizer On Plant Productivity And Nitrous Oxide (N2o) Emissions Of Two Pastures", "description": "Open AccessISSN:0032-079X", "keywords": ["Soil acidity", "Drought", "Soil microbial C and N", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Grassland", "Nitrification", "10127 Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies", "Grazing", "Greenhouse gases", "Summer drought", "13. Climate action", "1110 Plant Science", "Denitrification", "570 Life sciences; biology", "590 Animals (Zoology)", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Compensatory growth; Denitrification; Drought; Grassland; Grazing; Greenhouse gases; Soil microbial C and N; Soil acidity; Nitrification; Summer drought", "Compensatory growth", "1111 Soil Science"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-012-1248-x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-012-1248-x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-012-1248-x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-012-1248-x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-05-05T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-013-1923-6", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:15:17Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-10-08", "title": "Comparison of methane, nitrous oxide fluxes and CO2 respiration rates from a Mediterranean cork oak ecosystem and improved pasture", "description": "Background and aims  During the recent decades, cork oak (Q. suber) mortality has been increasing in Mediterranean oak woodland endangering the economical and environmental sustainability of the \u201cmontado\u201d ecosystem. This fact in combination with climate change and conversion of forestland to pasture may significantly affect the soil-atmosphere greenhouse gases (GHGs) exchange. Our study evaluates the impact of oak trees as compared to pasture on net ecosystem GHG (CH4, N2O, and CO2) exchange as well as the main environmental factors influencing this exchange.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "litter", "13. Climate action", "greenhouse gases", "root density", "evergreen oak", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Mediterranean", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "organic matter", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11104-013-1923-6"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-013-1923-6"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-013-1923-6", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-013-1923-6", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-013-1923-6"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-10-09T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2006.03.024", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:15:32Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-05-05", "title": "Effects Of Stocking Rate On Methane And Carbon Dioxide Emissions From Grazing Cattle", "description": "Abstract   Pastoral farming contributes significantly to total agricultural emissions of greenhouse gases, and stocking rate is the simplest grassland management decision. A study was conducted during the 2002 and 2003 grazing seasons on a semi-natural grassland in the French Massif Central in order to measure enteric methane (CH4) and total carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from Holstein-Friesian heifers (initial liveweight (LW) 455\u00a0\u00b1\u00a029 and 451\u00a0\u00b1\u00a028\u00a0kg in 2002 and 2003, respectively) managed at low (LSR) and high (HSR) stocking rates (1.1\u00a0LU\u00a0ha\u22121 versus 2.2\u00a0LU\u00a0ha\u22121, respectively) under a continuous grazing system. Measurements took place in late spring, mid summer, late summer and early autumn. Daily CH4 and CO2 emissions by individual heifers were measured during 7 consecutive days in each period using the sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) tracer technique. In both grazing seasons, the herbage in the LSR system had higher mass (HM) than in the HSR system, especially in mid and late summer. In both grazing seasons, herbages offered in the LSR system were of lower quality than those in the HSR system, and consequently feed organic matter (OM) digestibilities (OMD) and intakes (OMI) in the LSR system were lower (P\u00a0 \u00a00.05) in mean absolute CH4 emission (223\u00a0g\u00a0d\u22121 versus 242\u00a0g\u00a0d\u22121 and 203\u00a0g\u00a0d\u22121 versus 200\u00a0g\u00a0d\u22121 for LSR and HSR in the 2002 and 2003 seasons, respectively), but as the seasons progressed, CH4 emission per unit of digestible feed intake was higher (P", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "[SDV.EE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", " environment", "METHANE", "STOCKING RATE", "DIOXYDE DE CARBONE", "13. Climate action", "[SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", "CARBON DIOXIDE", "CATTLE", "15. Life on land", "environment", "SF6", "GREENHOUSE GASES"], "contacts": [{"organization": "C\u00e9cile Martin, C. S. Pinares-Pati\u00f1o, C. S. Pinares-Pati\u00f1o, J.-P. Jouany, P. D'hour,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2006.03.024"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2006.03.024", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2006.03.024", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2006.03.024"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1021/es400554x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:17:32Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-06-24", "title": "Sewage Sludge Biochar Influence Upon Rice (Oryza Sativa L) Yield, Metal Bioaccumulation And Greenhouse Gas Emissions From Acidic Paddy Soil", "description": "Biochar addition to soil has been proposed to improve plant growth by increasing soil fertility, minimizing bioaccumulation of toxic metal(liod)s and mitigating climate change. Sewage sludge (SS) is an attractive, though potentially problematic, feedstock of biochar. It is attractive because of its large abundance; however, it contains elevated concentrations of metal(loid)s and other contaminants. The pyrolysis of SS to biochar (SSBC) may be a way to reduce the availability of these contaminants to the soil and plants. Using rice plant pot experiments, we investigated the influence of SSBC upon biomass yield, bioaccumulation of nutrients, and metal(loid)s, and green housegas (GHG) emissions. SSBC amendments increased soil pH, total nitrogen, soil organic carbon and available nutrients and decreased bioavailable As, Cr, Co, Ni, and Pb (but not Cd, Cu, and Zn). Regarding rice plant properties, SSBC amendments significantly (P \u2264 0.01) increased shoot biomass (71.3-92.2%), grain yield (148.8-175.1%), and the bioaccumulation of phosphorus and sodium, though decreased the bioaccumulation of nitrogen (except in grain) and potassium. Amendments of SSBC significantly (P \u2264 0.05) reduced the bioaccumulation of As, Cr, Co, Cu, Ni, and Pb, but increased that of Cd and Zn, though not above limits set by Chinese regulations. Finally regarding GHG emissions, SSBC significantly (P < 0.01) reduced N2O emissions and stimulated the uptake/oxidation of CH4 enough to make both the cultivated and uncultivated paddy soil a CH4 sink. SSBC can be beneficial in rice paddy soil but the actual associated benefits will depend on site-specific conditions and source of SS; long-term effects remain a further unknown.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Sewage", "Oryza", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Hydrogen-Ion Concentration", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "Soil", "Metals", "13. Climate action", "Charcoal", "11. Sustainability", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Gases", "Acids", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1021/es400554x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Science%20%26amp%3B%20Technology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1021/es400554x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1021/es400554x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1021/es400554x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-08-06T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s13593-011-0056-7", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:15:28Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-10-18", "title": "Legumes For Mitigation Of Climate Change And The Provision Of Feedstock For Biofuels And Biorefineries. A Review", "description": "Humans are currently confronted by many global challenges. These include achieving food security for a rapidly expanding population, lowering the risk of climate change by reducing the net release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere due to human activity, and meeting the increasing demand for energy in the face of dwindling reserves of fossil energy and uncertainties about future reliability of supply. Legumes deliver several important services to societies. They provide important sources of oil, fiber, and protein-rich food and feed while supplying nitrogen (N) to agro-ecosystems via their unique ability to fix atmospheric N2 in symbiosis with the soil bacteria rhizobia, increasing soil carbon content, and stimulating the productivity of the crops that follow. However, the role of legumes has rarely been considered in the context of their potential to contribute to the mitigation of climate change by reducing fossil fuel use or by providing feedstock for the emerging biobased economies where fossil sources of energy and industrial raw materials are replaced in part by sustainable and renewable biomass resources. The aim of this review was to collate the current knowledge regarding the capacity of legumes to (1) lower the emissions of the key greenhouse gases carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrous oxide (N2O) compared to N-fertilized systems, (2) reduce the fossil energy used in the production of food and forage, (3) contribute to the sequestration of carbon (C) in soils, and (4) provide a viable source of biomass for the generation of biofuels and other materials in future biorefinery concepts. We estimated that globally between 350 and 500\u00a0Tg\u00a0CO2 could be emitted as a result of the 33 to 46\u00a0Tg\u00a0N that is biologically fixed by agricultural legumes each year. This compares to around 300\u00a0Tg\u00a0CO2 released annually from the manufacture of 100\u00a0Tg fertilizer N. The main difference is that the CO2 respired from the nodulated roots of N2-fixing legumes originated from photosynthesis and will not represent a net contribution to atmospheric concentrations of CO2, whereas the CO2 generated during the synthesis of N fertilizer was derived from fossil fuels. Experimental measures of total N2O fluxes from legumes and N-fertilized systems were found to vary enormously (0.03\u20137.09 and 0.09\u201318.16\u00a0kg\u00a0N2O\u2013N\u00a0ha\u22121, respectively). This reflected the data being collated from a diverse range of studies using different rates of N inputs, as well as the large number of climatic, soil, and management variables known to influence denitrification and the portion of the total N lost as N2O. Averages across 71 site-years of data, soils under legumes emitted a total of 1.29\u00a0kg\u00a0N2O\u2013N\u00a0ha\u22121 during a growing season. This compared to a mean of 3.22\u00a0kg\u00a0N2O\u2013N\u00a0ha\u22121 from 67 site-years of N-fertilized crops and pastures, and 1.20\u00a0kg\u00a0N2O\u2013N\u00a0ha\u22121 from 33 site-years of data collected from unplanted soils or unfertilized non-legumes. It was concluded that there was little evidence that biological N2 fixation substantially contributed to total N2O emissions, and that losses of N2O from legume soil were generally lower than N-fertilized systems, especially when commercial rates of N fertilizer were applied. Elevated rates of N2O losses can occur following the termination of legume-based pastures, or where legumes had been green- or brown-manured and there was a rapid build-up of high concentrations of nitrate in soil. Legume crops and legume-based pastures use 35% to 60% less fossil energy than N-fertilized cereals or grasslands, and the inclusion of legumes in cropping sequences reduced the average annual energy usage over a rotation by 12% to 34%. The reduced energy use was primarily due to the removal of the need to apply N fertilizer and the subsequently lower N fertilizer requirements for crops grown following legumes. Life cycle energy balances of legume-based rotations were also assisted by a lower use of agrichemicals for crop protection as diversification of cropping sequences reduce the incidence of cereal pathogens and pests and assisted weed control, although it was noted that differences in fossil energy use between legumes and N-fertilized systems were greatly diminished if energy use was expressed per unit of biomass or grain produced. For a change in land use to result in a net increase C sequestration in soil, the inputs of C remaining in plant residues need to exceed the CO2 respired by soil microbes during the decomposition of plant residues or soil organic C, and the C lost through wind or water erosion. The net N-balance of the system was a key driver of changes in soil C stocks in many environments, and data collected from pasture, cropping, and agroforestry systems all indicated that legumes played a pivotal role in providing the additional organic N required to encourage the accumulation of soil C at rates greater than can be achieved by cereals or grasses even when they were supplied with N fertilizer. Legumes contain a range of compounds, which could be refined to produce raw industrial materials currently manufactured from petroleum-based sources, pharmaceuticals, surfactants, or food additives as valuable by-products if legume biomass was to be used to generate biodiesel, bioethanol, biojet A1 fuel, or biogas. The attraction of using leguminous material feedstock is that they do not need the inputs of N fertilizer that would otherwise be necessary to support the production of high grain yields or large amounts of plant biomass since it is the high fossil energy use in the synthesis, transport, and application of N fertilizers that often negates much of the net C benefits of many other bioenergy sources. The use of legume biomass for biorefineries needs careful thought as there will be significant trade-offs with the current role of legumes in contributing to the organic fertility of soils. Agricultural systems will require novel management and plant breeding solutions to provide the range of options that will be required to mitigate climate change. Given their array of ecosystem services and their ability to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, lower the use of fossil energy, accelerate rates of C sequestration in soil, and provide a valuable source of feedstock for biorefineries, legumes should be considered as important components in the development of future agroecosystems.", "keywords": ["Carbon sequestration", "2. Zero hunger", "[SDV.SA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences", "571", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Legumes", "Air and water emissions", "Greenhouses and coverings", "7. Clean energy", "Biorefinery", "12. Responsible consumption", "[SDV.EE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", " environment", "Greenhouse gases", "2305 Environmental Engineering", "13. Climate action", "Biological N2 fixation", "Biofuels", "11. Sustainability", "Farm nutrient management", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Recycling", " balancing and resource management", "1102 Agronomy and Crop Science"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13593-011-0056-7"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agronomy%20for%20Sustainable%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s13593-011-0056-7", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s13593-011-0056-7", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s13593-011-0056-7"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-10-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s13593-012-0114-9", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:15:28Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-10-02", "title": "Biofuel From Plant Biomass", "description": "Abstract           <p>Plant biomass can be used for multiple forms of bioenergy, and there is a very large potential supply, depending on which global assessment is most accurate in terms of land area that could be available for biomass production. The most suitable plant species must be identified before the potential biomass production in a particular region can be quantified. This in turn depends on the degree of climatic adaptation by those species. In the range of climates present in New Zealand, biomass crop growth has less restriction due to water deficit or low winter temperature than in most world regions. Biomass production for energy use in New Zealand would be best utilised as transport fuel since 70\uffc2\uffa0% of the country\uffe2\uff80\uff99s electricity generation is already renewable, but nearly all of its transport fossil fuel is imported. There is a good economic development case for transport biofuel production using waste streams and biomass crops. This review identified the most suitable crop species and assessed their production potential for use within the climatic range present in New Zealand. Information from published work was used as a basis for selecting appropriate crops in a 2-year selection and evaluation process. Where there were knowledge gaps, the location-specific selections were further evaluated by field measurements. The data presented have superseded much of the speculative information on the suitability of species for the potential development of a biofuel industry in New Zealand.</p>", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Biomass crops", "[SDV.SA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences", "Environmental Engineering", "High dry mass yield", "LCA", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "Energy crops", "Perennials", "[SDV.EE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", " environment", "Greenhouse gases", "13. Climate action", "Biofuels", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Agronomy and Crop Science", "Land use change", "Bioenergy potential"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Huub Kerckhoffs, Richard Renquist,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13593-012-0114-9"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agronomy%20for%20Sustainable%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s13593-012-0114-9", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s13593-012-0114-9", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s13593-012-0114-9"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-10-03T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2012.02.010", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:15:36Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-03-22", "title": "Global Warming Potential Of Agricultural Systems With Contrasting Tillage And Residue Management In The Central Highlands Of Mexico", "description": "Abstract   Conservation agriculture based on (1) minimal soil movement, (2) retention of rational amounts of crop residue, (3) economically viable crop rotations restores soil fertility. Conservation agriculture improves soil characteristics, but it remains to be seen how zero tillage (ZT) affected greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) and the global warming potential (GWP) compared to conventional tillage (CT) when crop residue was kept or removed in a maize-wheat crop rotation since 1991. The soil organic C content in the 0\u201360\u00a0cm layer was larger in ZT (117.7\u00a0Mg C\u00a0ha \u22121 ) compared to CT (76.8\u00a0Mg C\u00a0ha \u22121 ) when residue was retained, but similar when it was removed. Tillage and residue management had only a small effect on GWP of the GHG emissions. However, the C sequestered in the 0\u201360\u00a0cm was affected by tillage and crop residue management, resulting in a negative net GWP for ZT with crop residue retention (\u22126.277\u00a0Mg CO 2 \u00a0ha \u22121 \u00a0y \u22121 ) whereas in the other management practices it ranged from 1.288 to 1.885\u00a0Mg CO 2 \u00a0ha \u22121 \u00a0y \u22121 . It was found that cultivation technique had little effect on the GWP of the GHG, but had a large effect on C sequestered in the 0\u201360\u00a0cm layer and the net GWP.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "greenhouse gases", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "zero tillage", "ecology", "15. Life on land", "climate", "carbon sequestration", "agriculture"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2012.02.010"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2012.02.010", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2012.02.010", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2012.02.010"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2012.06.008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:15:36Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-07-21", "title": "Water Erosion-Induced Co2 Emissions From Tilled And No-Tilled Soils And Sediments", "description": "Abstract   The acceleration of soil erosion by water in most regions of the world in response to the anthropogenic modification of landscapes is a serious threat to natural ecosystem functionalities because of the loss of invaluable constituents such as soil particles and organic carbon (OC). While soil OC erosion is likely to be a major component of the global C cycle, water erosion-induced CO2 emissions remain uncertain. In this study, our main objective was to compare the release of CO2 from eroded topsoils and from the sediments exported by diffuse erosion during an entire rainy season. Conventional tillage (CT) and no-tillage (NT) maize treatments were considered in an attempt to set up best management practices to mitigate gaseous OC losses from agricultural soils. The study was conducted in the KwaZulu-Natal province in South Africa, whereas in many other areas of the developing world, erosion is severe and crop residue scarcity is the main challenge. CO2 emissions from undisturbed 0\u20130.02\u00a0m soil samples collected within 2.25\u00a0m\u00a0\u00d7\u00a010\u00a0m runoff plots and from exported sediments by water erosion, were evaluated continuously at the laboratory over a 140-day period and compared to soil OC stocks. NT significantly reduced CO2 emissions from both soils and sediments. Overall NT, which exhibited a greater carbon density than CT (17.70 vs 13.19\u00a0kg\u00a0C\u00a0m\u22123), reduced soil gaseous emissions by 4.4% (10.40 vs 10.88\u00a0g\u00a0CO2-C\u00a0m\u22122, P", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "570", "550", "Global warming", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "Greenhouse gases", "13. Climate action", "Africa", "Climate change", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Land degradation"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2012.06.008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2012.06.008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2012.06.008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2012.06.008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agsy.2005.09.009", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:15:43Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-10-20", "title": "Can Carbon Sequestration Markets Benefit Low-Income Producers In Semi-Arid Africa? Potentials And Challenges", "description": "Abstract   The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) of the Kyoto Protocol of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change allows a country that emits C above agreed-upon limits to purchase C offsets from an entity that uses biological means to absorb or reduce greenhouse emissions. The CDM is currently offered for afforestation and reforestation projects, but may apply subsequently to sequestration in agricultural soils. Additionally, markets outside of the Protocol are developing for soil C sequestration.  In theory, C markets present win-win opportunities for buyers and sellers of C stocks. In practice, however, C markets are very complex. They presuppose the existence and integration of technical capacity to enhance C storage in production systems, the capacity for resource users to adopt and maintain land resource practices that sequester C, the ability for dealers or brokers to monitor C stocks at a landscape level, the institutional capacity to aggregate C credits, the financial mechanisms for incentive payments to reach farmers, and transparent and accountable governance structures that can ensure equitable distribution of benefits. Hence, while C payments may contribute to increasing rural incomes and promoting productivity enhancement practices, they may also expose resource users to additional social tensions and institutional risks.", "keywords": ["Carbon sequestration", "Poverty reduction", "Clean Development Mechanism (CDM)", "01 natural sciences", "12. Responsible consumption", "Payments for environmental services", "Agricultural ecosystems", "Afforestation", "West Africa", "11. Sustainability", "Reforestation", "Poverty", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Soil organic matter", "Drylands", "1. No poverty", "Kyoto Protocol", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Soil carbon", "Semiarid zones", "Carbon credits", "PES", "Greenhouse gases", "Carbon offsets", "Emissions", "Economic incentives", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Carbon markets"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Perez, C., Roncoli, \u202aCarla, Neely, Constance L., Steiner, J. L.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2005.09.009"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agricultural%20Systems", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agsy.2005.09.009", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agsy.2005.09.009", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agsy.2005.09.009"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2006.07.012", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:15:45Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-08-25", "title": "Effect Of Tannin Levels In Sorghum Silage And Concentrate Supplementation On Apparent Digestibility And Methane Emission In Beef Cattle", "description": "Abstract   This study evaluated the effect of diets containing sorghum silages with higher (HT) and lower-tannin (LT) concentrations supplemented with concentrate or urea on intake, digestibility, ruminal digestibility, methane emission and rumen parameters in beef cattle. Four treatments were distributed according to a 2\u00a0\u00d7\u00a02 factorial arrangement in a duplicate 4\u00a0\u00d7\u00a04 Latin square: LT sorghum silage\u00a0+\u00a0urea, LT sorghum silage\u00a0+\u00a0concentrate, HT sorghum silage\u00a0+\u00a0urea, and HT sorghum silage\u00a0+\u00a0concentrate. Total digestibility of the organic matter was higher when concentrate was included in the diet (0.749 and 0.753 in the LT and HT treatments, respectively). It was observed lower ruminal apparent digested matter of neutral detergent fiber in HT diets. There was no effect of tannin levels on digestibility and methane emission. The supplementation with concentrate in the LT diet decreased gas losses as a function of gross energy intake in comparison to the supplementation of the diet with urea. These results suggest the potential of concentrate supplementation to minimize energy loss as methane emission by ruminants and increase the efficiency of energy utilization.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "571", "13. Climate action", "ruminal fermentation", "0402 animal and dairy science", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "nutritive value", "global greenhouse gases", "polyphenols"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2006.07.012"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Animal%20Feed%20Science%20and%20Technology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2006.07.012", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2006.07.012", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2006.07.012"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.jconhyd.2021.103797", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:16:40Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-03-18", "title": "Dynamics of nitrous oxide with depth in groundwater: Insights from ambient groundwater and laboratory incubation experiments (Hesbaye chalk aquifer, Belgium)", "description": "Aquifers under agricultural areas are considered to be an indirect source of nitrous oxide emission (N2O) to the atmosphere, which is the greenhouse gas (GHGs) characterized with the highest global warning potential and acts as a stratospheric ozone depletion agent. Previous investigations performed in the Cretaceous Hesbaye chalk aquifer in Eastern Belgium suggested that the dynamics of N2O in the aquifer is controlled by overlapping biochemical processes such as nitrification and denitrification. The current study aims to obtain better insight concerning the factors controlling the distribution of N2O concentration along a vertical dimension in the aquifer, and to capture and quantify the occurrence of nitrification and denitrification processes in the groundwater system. Low-flow groundwater sampling technique was undertaken at different depths in the aquifer to collect groundwater samples aiming at obtaining information about ambient aquifer hydrogeochemical conditions and their effect on the accumulation of GHGs. Afterwards, laboratory stable isotope experiments, using NO3- and NH4+ compounds labeled with heavy 15N isotope, were applied to quantify the rates of nitrification and denitrification processes. Ambient studies suggest that the occurrence of N transformation was related to denitrification while laboratory incubation experiments did not detect it. Such controversial results might be explained by the discrepancy between real aquifer conditions and lab design studies. Thus, additional in situ tracer experiments should be carried out in areas where natural groundwater fluxes do not flush the injected tracer too rapidly. In addition, it would be useful to conduct microbiological studies to obtain better insight into the nature of subsurface biofilm biotope.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Nitrous Oxide", "N stable isotope analysis", "Nitrification", "01 natural sciences", "Low-flow sampling", "6. Clean water", "Calcium Carbonate", "Greenhouse gases", "Belgium", "13. Climate action", "Denitrification", "Laboratories", "Groundwater", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2021.103797"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Contaminant%20Hydrology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.jconhyd.2021.103797", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.jconhyd.2021.103797", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2021.103797"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.05.032", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:16:41Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-06-18", "title": "Five Crop Seasons' Records Of Greenhouse Gas Fluxes From Upland Fields With Repetitive Applications Of Biochar And Cattle Manure", "description": "The application of char to agricultural land is recognized as a potential way to sequester atmospheric carbon (C) assimilated by plants in soil, thus decelerating global warming. Such a process would also be expected to improve plant growth and the physical and chemical properties of soil. However, field investigations of the effects of continuous char application have not been reported. In the present study, the effects of repetitive bamboo char application on CO2, CH4, and N2O flux from soil, soil C content, and crop yield were investigated at two upland fields over five crop seasons. Three treatments: chemical fertilizer (CF) applied plots (Control plot); cattle manure (CM) (10\u00a0t\u00a0ha(-1)) and CF applied plot (CM plot); and bamboo char (20\u00a0t\u00a0ha(-1)), cattle manure (10\u00a0t\u00a0ha(-1)), and CF applied plot (Char/CM plot), were arranged in each field. After three crop seasons, the fourth treatment with char was applied without CF (Char plot) was given to one of the fields. CM and/or char were applied every crop season. Gas fluxes were measured using the static chamber method. Seasonal variations in CO2 flux and total CO2 emissions were consistently similar between the CM and Char/CM plots and between the Char and Control plots. As such, the decomposition rate of bamboo char was quite small, and the positive or negative effect of char on CM decomposition was not significant in the fields. Soil C analysis provided confirmation of this. CM application enhanced N2O emission mainly in the summer crop season. The differences in total N2O emission between the Char/CM and CM plots as well as between the Char and Control plots were insignificant in most cases. Total CH4 flux was negligibly small in all cases. Although the yield of winter crop (broccoli) in the Char/CM plots was twice observed to be higher than that in the Control and CM plots at one of the fields, in general, the char application had no effect on overall crop yield. Thus, the repeated application of bamboo char had no significant influence on greenhouse gas emissions and crop yields, but a high C accumulating function was found.", "keywords": ["Crops", " Agricultural", "Greenhouse Effect", "2. Zero hunger", "Air Pollutants", "Nitrous Oxide", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "12. Responsible consumption", "Manure", "Random Allocation", "Soil", "Japan", "13. Climate action", "Charcoal", "Animals", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Cattle", "Gases", "Seasons", "Fertilizers", "Methane", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Naoya Kanazaki, Akira Watanabe, Akira Shibata, Shuhei Makabe, Kosuke Ikeya, Yuki Sugiura,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.05.032"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Environmental%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.05.032", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.05.032", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.05.032"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.biortech.2012.08.124", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:15:56Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-09-03", "title": "Comparing Environmental Consequences Of Anaerobic Mono- And Co-Digestion Of Pig Manure To Produce Bio-Energy - A Life Cycle Perspective", "description": "The aim of this work was to assess the environmental consequences of anaerobic mono- and co-digestion of pig manure to produce bio-energy, from a life cycle perspective. This included assessing environmental impacts and land use change emissions (LUC) required to replace used co-substrates for anaerobic digestion. Environmental impact categories considered were climate change, terrestrial acidification, marine and freshwater eutrophication, particulate matter formation, land use, and fossil fuel depletion. Six scenarios were evaluated: mono-digestion of manure, co-digestion with: maize silage, maize silage and glycerin, beet tails, wheat yeast concentrate (WYC), and roadside grass. Mono-digestion reduced most impacts, but represented a limited source for bio-energy. Co-digestion with maize silage, beet tails, and WYC (competing with animal feed), and glycerin increased bio-energy production (up to 568%), but at expense of increasing climate change (through LUC), marine eutrophication, and land use. Co-digestion with wastes or residues like roadside grass gave the best environmental performance.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Swine", "emissions", "indirect land use change", "02 engineering and technology", "bioenergy", "Environment", "15. Life on land", "pig slurry", "renewable energy", "7. Clean energy", "6. Clean water", "Consequential LCA", "Refuse Disposal", "12. Responsible consumption", "Manure", "Bacteria", " Anaerobic", "13. Climate action", "Biofuels", "greenhouse gases", "11. Sustainability", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "systems", "Animals", "Methane"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2012.08.124"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Bioresource%20Technology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.biortech.2012.08.124", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.biortech.2012.08.124", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.biortech.2012.08.124"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.biortech.2018.10.002", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:15:56Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-10-02", "title": "Enrichment of a solventogenic anaerobic sludge converting carbon monoxide and syngas into acids and alcohols", "description": "An anaerobic granular sludge was acclimatized to utilise CO in a continuously gas-fed stirred tank bioreactor by applying operating conditions expected to stimulate solventogenesis, i.e. the production of alcohols, and allowing to enrich for solventogenic populations. A cycle of high (6.2) and low (4.9) pH was applied in order to produce volatile fatty acids first at high pH, followed by their bioconversion into alcohols at low pH. The addition of yeast extract stimulated biomass growth, but not necessarily solventogenesis. The highest concentrations of metabolites achieved were 6.18\u202fg/L acetic acid (30th day), 1.18\u202fg/L butyric acid (28th day), and 0.423\u202fg/L hexanoic acid (32nd day). Subsequently, acids were metabolized at lower pH, producing alcohols at concentrations of 11.1\u202fg/L ethanol (43rd day), 1.8\u202fg/L butanol (41st day) and 1.46\u202fg/L hexanol (42nd day), confirming the successful enrichment strategy. Similarly, the enriched sludge could also convert syngas into acids and alcohols.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Carbon Monoxide", "Ethanol", "Sewage", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "6. Clean water", "Butyrates", "1-Butanol", "Bioreactors", "13. Climate action", "Biomass", "Gases", "Caproates", "Acetic Acid", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2018.10.002"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Bioresource%20Technology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.biortech.2018.10.002", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.biortech.2018.10.002", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.biortech.2018.10.002"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.06.053", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:16:00Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-08-03", "title": "Impacts Of Woodchip Biochar Additions On Greenhouse Gas Production And Sorption/Degradation Of Two Herbicides In A Minnesota Soil", "description": "A potential abatement to increasing levels of carbon dioxide (CO(2)) in the atmosphere is the use of pyrolysis to convert vegetative biomass into a more stable form of carbon (biochar) that could then be applied to the soil. However, the impacts of pyrolysis biochar on the soil system need to be assessed before initiating large scale biochar applications to agricultural fields. We compared CO(2) respiration, nitrous oxide (N(2)O) production, methane (CH(4)) oxidation and herbicide retention and transformation through laboratory incubations at field capacity in a Minnesota soil (Waukegan silt loam) with and without added biochar. CO(2) originating from the biochar needs to be subtracted from the soil-biochar combination in order to elucidate the impact of biochar on soil respiration. After this correction, biochar amendments reduced CO(2) production for all amendment levels tested (2, 5, 10, 20, 40 and 60% w/w; corresponding to 24-720 tha(-1) field application rates). In addition, biochar additions suppressed N(2)O production at all levels. However, these reductions were only significant at biochar amendment levels >20% w/w. Biochar additions also significantly suppressed ambient CH(4) oxidation at all levels compared to unamended soil. The addition of biochar (5% w/w) to soil increased the sorption of atrazine and acetochlor compared to non-amended soils, resulting in decreased dissipation rates of these herbicides. The recalcitrance of the biochar suggests that it could be a viable carbon sequestration strategy, and might provide substantial net greenhouse gas benefits if the reductions in N(2)O production are lasting.", "keywords": ["Greenhouse Effect", "2. Zero hunger", "Toluidines", "Herbicides", "Minnesota", "Nitrous Oxide", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "Charcoal", "Soil Pollutants", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Atrazine", "Adsorption", "Gases", "Methane", "Oxidation-Reduction", "Environmental Monitoring", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.06.053"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Chemosphere", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.06.053", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.06.053", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.06.053"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.dib.2024.111226", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:16:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-12-11", "title": "A harmonized dataset relating alternative farmer management practices to crop yield, soil organic carbon stock, nitrous oxide emissions, and nitrate leaching generated using IPCC methodologies and meta-analyses", "description": "Farming practices such as soil tillage, organic/mineral fertilization, irrigation, crop selection and residues management influence multiple ecosystem services provided by agricultural systems. These practices exhibit complex, non-linear interrelationships that affect crop productivity, water quality, and non-carbon dioxide greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions, possibly offsetting their benefits regarding soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration. Current methodologies from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) for assessing the impacts of alternative farming practices on GHG emissions rely on global or country-specific coefficients. However, these methods often do not explicitly account for the combined effects of management practices on carbon and nitrogen cycles or productivity, as this is not required for national GHG inventories. Here we present a new dataset featuring 1.8 Mln of agronomic case scenarios, i.e., unique combinations of farming practices and pedoclimatic conditions, which have been associated with values of SOC changes, nitrous oxide emissions, nitrate-nitrogen leaching, and crop yield. To synthesize trade-offs and synergies between farming practices, each case scenario has been ranked with a \u2211ommit index (\u2211i) value, a fuzzy-based measure ranging from 0 (bad) to 1 (good). The four trade-off components have been estimated by combining available information from i) the 2019 Refinement to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, ii) the guidelines for Green Water Footprint Accounting, iii) the Italian National Institute of Statistics, iv) and other international meta-analytic studies. The dataset presents four \u2211i series, corresponding to alternative perceptions of sustainability from three potential stakeholder categories (young farmers\u2019 cooperative, agrochemical company, public agricultural policy agency) plus one equally weighted option. By providing a harmonized data source and an innovative metric, this dataset allows users to explore trade-offs associated with alternative management practices across four key agricultural components and assess their impact on perceived agroecosystem sustainability.", "keywords": ["Soil management", "Crop choice", "Q1-390", "Science (General)", "Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics", "Farming sustainability", "R858-859.7", "Organic matter inputs", "Greenhouse gases emissions", "Data Article"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2024.111226"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Data%20in%20Brief", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.dib.2024.111226", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.dib.2024.111226", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.dib.2024.111226"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.ecss.2012.08.002", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:16:07Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-08-17", "title": "Methane, Carbon Dioxide And Nitrous Oxide Fluxes From A Temperate Salt Marsh: Grazing Management Does Not Alter Global Warming Potential", "description": "Soil greenhouse gas emissions from cattle grazed and un-grazed temperate upper salt marsh were measured using dark static chambers, monthly for one year. Below-ground gas sampling tubes were also used to measure soil methane (CH4) concentrations. CH4 efflux from grazed and un-grazed salt marsh did not differ significantly although grazing did lead to \u2018hotspots\u2019 of underground CH4 (up to 6% of total air volume) and CH4 efflux (peak of 9 mg m\u22122 h\u22121) significantly linked to high soil moisture content, low soil temperatures and the presence of Juncus gerardii. Carbon dioxide (CO2) efflux was greater from the un-grazed marsh (mean of 420 mg m\u22122 h\u22121) than the grazed marsh (mean of 333 mg m\u22122 h\u22121) throughout most of the year and was positively correlated with the deeper water table and greater soil temperatures. Grazing was not a significant predictor of nitrous oxide (N2O) soil emissions. Global Warming Potential (GWP; over 100 years), calculated from mean yearly chamber fluxes for CH4 and CO2, did not differ significantly with grazing treatment. Seasonal variation in the key drivers of soil greenhouse gas efflux; soil temperature, moisture and water table, plus the presence or absence of aerenchymatous plants such as J. gerardii were more important to the magnitude of greenhouse gas emissions than grazing management per se.", "keywords": ["chamber flux measurements", "salt marshes", "13. Climate action", "greenhouse gases", "Ribble estuary", "livestock grazing", "UK", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2012.08.002"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Estuarine%2C%20Coastal%20and%20Shelf%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.ecss.2012.08.002", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.ecss.2012.08.002", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.ecss.2012.08.002"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.envpol.2006.03.055", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:16:13Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-08-07", "title": "Fluxes Of N2o, Ch4 And Co2 In A Meadow Ecosystem Exposed To Elevated Ozone And Carbon Dioxide For Three Years", "description": "Open-top chambers (OTCs) were used to evaluate the effects of moderately elevated O3 (40-50 ppb) and CO2 (+100 ppm) and their combination on N2O, CH4 and CO2 fluxes from ground-planted meadow mesocosms. Bimonthly measurements in 2002-2004 showed that the daily fluxes of N2O, CH4 and CO2 reacted mainly to elevated O3, while the fluxes of CO2 also responded to elevated CO2. However, the fluxes did not show any marked response when elevated O3 and CO2 were combined. N2O and CO2 emissions were best explained by soil water content and air and soil temperatures, and they were not clearly associated with potential nitrification and denitrification. Our results suggest that the increasing O3 and/or CO2 concentrations may affect the N2O, CH4 and CO2 fluxes from the soil, but longer study periods are needed to verify the actual consequences of climate change for greenhouse gas emissions.", "keywords": ["hiilidioksidi", "570", "Climate", "elevated carbon dioxide", "Nitrous Oxide", "elevated ozone", "Poaceae", "metaani", "01 natural sciences", "niityt", "open-top chambers", "kohotettu otsonipitoisuus", "typen oksidit", "Magnoliopsida", "Oxidants", " Photochemical", "Ozone", "greenhouse gases", "Soil Pollutants", "otsoni", "Weather", "Ecosystem", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "Air Pollutants", "Fabaceae", "Environmental Exposure", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "004", "kasvihuonekaasut", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "avoin kammio", "Environmental Pollutants", "Ka", "Seasons", "kohotettu hiilidioksidipitoisuus", "Methane", "meadows"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2006.03.055"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Pollution", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.envpol.2006.03.055", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.envpol.2006.03.055", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.envpol.2006.03.055"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.foreco.2008.05.007", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:16:24Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-06-19", "title": "Effect Of Tree Species On Carbon Stocks In Forest Floor And Mineral Soil And Implications For Soil Carbon Inventories", "description": "<p>Forest soil organic carbon (SOC) and forest floor carbon (FFC) stocks are highly variable. The sampling effort required to assess SOC and FFC stocks is therefore large, resulting in limited sampling and poor estimates of the size, spatial distribution, and changes in SOC and FFC stocks in many countries. Forest SOC and FFC stocks are influenced by tree species. Therefore, quantification of the effect of tree species on carbon stocks combined with spatial information on tree species distribution could improve insight into the spatial distribution of forest carbon stocks. We present a study on the effect of tree species on FFC and SOC stock for a forest in the Netherlands and evaluate how this information could be used for inventory improvement. We assessed FFC and SOC stocks in stands of beech (Fagus sylvatica), Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii), Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris), oak (Quercus robur) and larch (Larix kaempferi). FFC and SOC stocks differed between a number of species. FFC stocks varied between 11.1 Mg C ha<sup>-1</sup> (beech) and 29.6 Mg C ha<sup>-1</sup> (larch). SOC stocks varied between 53.3 Mg C ha<sup>-1</sup> (beech) and 97.1 Mg C ha<sup>-1</sup> (larch). At managed locations, carbon stocks were lower than at unmanaged locations. The Dutch carbon inventory currently overestimates FFC stocks. Differences in carbon stocks between conifer and broadleaf forests were significant enough to consider them relevant for the Dutch system for carbon inventory.</p>", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "land-use history", "01 natural sciences", "mitigation", "greenhouse gases", "Carbon stock", "Forest floor", "forest ecology", "SDG 15 - Life on Land", "forests", "decomposition", "species composition", "transformation", "carbon dioxide", "belgium", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Management", "impact", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "spatial variability", "europe", "Mineral soil", "management", "pine", "Tree species"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2008.05.007"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Forest%20Ecology%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.foreco.2008.05.007", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.foreco.2008.05.007", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.foreco.2008.05.007"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.06.013", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:16:41Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-06-14", "title": "Soil organic carbon stock in grasslands: Effects of inorganic fertilizers, liming and grazing in different climate settings", "description": "Grasslands store about 34% of the global terrestrial carbon (C) and are vital for the provision of various ecosystem services such as forage and climate regulation. About 89% of this grassland C is stored in the soil and is affected by management activities but the effects of these management activities on C storage under different climate settings are not known. In this study, we synthesized the effects of fertilizer (nitrogen and phosphorus) application, liming and grazing regime on the stock of SOC in global grasslands, under different site specific climatic settings using a meta-analysis of 341 datasets. We found an overall significant reduction (-8.5%) in the stock of SOC in global managed grasslands, mainly attributable to grazing (-15.0%), and only partially attenuated by fertilizer addition (+6.7%) and liming (+5.8%), indicating that management to improve biomass production does not contribute sufficient organic matter to replace that lost by direct removal by animals. Management activities had the greatest effect in the tropics (-22.4%) due primarily to heavy grazing, and the least effect in the temperate zone (-4.5%). The negative management effect reduced significantly with increasing mean annual temperature and mean annual precipitation in the temperate zone, suggesting that temperate grassland soils are potential C sinks in the face of climate change. For a sustainable management of grasslands that will provide adequate forage for livestock and mitigate climate change through C sequestration, we recommend that future tropical grassland management policies should focus on reducing the intensity of grazing. Also, to verify our findings for temperate grasslands and to better inform land management policy, future research should focus on the impacts of the projected climate change on net greenhouse gas exchange and potential climate feedbacks.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Grassland", "Carbon", "12. Responsible consumption", "Greenhouse Gases", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "8. Economic growth", "Animals", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Fertilizers", "Ecosystem"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/131752/1/Samuel%27s%20accepted%20manuscript.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.06.013"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Environmental%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.06.013", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.06.013", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.06.013"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.02.019", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:16:41Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-02-14", "title": "Assessing the suitability of recovering shrub biowaste involved in wildland fires in the South of Europe through torrefaction mobile units", "description": "Several types of shrubs and oak inducing high wildland fire risk in the South of Europe were evaluated for their potential valorization through torrefaction. Biomasses were firstly characterized in terms of macromolecular and elemental composition. Lab-scale TGA-GC/MS torrefaction experiments allowed the in-depth study of the solid mass transformation and the production profile of 23 volatile species (200 to 300\u202f\u00b0C at 3\u202f\u00b0C\u00b7min-1 and 300\u202f\u00b0C for 30\u202fmin). The proportion of the torrefied products (solid, CO, CO2, water and volatile species) was evaluated through mass balance in a lab-scale furnace under typical torrefaction conditions (300\u202f\u00b0C, 40\u202fmin). The results show a similar characterization and behavior in torrefaction for oak and shrublands, and slightly different characteristics for fern. However, fern may grow separately from shrublands and is considered to present a low fire risk. This suggests that the in-situ direct valorization of these biomasses through torrefaction mobile units seems promising. However, other properties, such as density, flowability and grindability need to be studied to confirm the feasibility of the process. Regarding torrefaction products, a higher carbon content and an interesting increase in heating value were measured for the torrefied solid, which makes it suitable for energetic valorization, among other uses. The composition of permanent gases was evaluated and found in agreement with previous studies. Finally, the volatile species released were studied in function of the torrefaction temperature, in view of their possible valorization as green chemicals.", "keywords": ["[SPI.GPROC] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering", "Volatile species", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "333", "Torrefaction", "Wildfires", "[CHIM.GENI]Chemical Sciences/Chemical engineering", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "G\u00e9nie chimique", "[SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering", "SDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy", "Biomass", "G\u00e9nie des proc\u00e9d\u00e9s", "ta215", "ta218", "660", "[SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering", "[CHIM.GENI] Chemical Sciences/Chemical engineering", "Temperature", "Solid mass loss", "15. Life on land", "Europe", "Oak", "[SDE.IE] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering", "Shrubs", "Gases", "Wildland fire"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/24261/1/Gonzalez%20Martinez_24261.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.02.019"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Environmental%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.02.019", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.02.019", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.02.019"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.05.029", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:16:52Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-06-10", "title": "Greenhouse Gas Emissions Under Conservation Agriculture Compared To Traditional Cultivation Of Maize In The Central Highlands Of Mexico", "description": "In 1991, the 'International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center' (CIMMYT) started a field experiment in the rain fed Mexican highlands to investigate conservation agriculture (CA) as a sustainable alternative for conventional maize production practices (CT). CT techniques, characterized by deep tillage, monoculture and crop residue removal, have deteriorated soil fertility and reduced yields. CA, which combines minimum tillage, crop rotations and residue retention, restores soil fertility and increases yields. Soil organic matter increases in CA compared to CT, but increases in greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) in CA might offset the gains obtained to mitigate global warming. Therefore, CO(2), CH(4) and N(2)O emissions, soil temperature, C and water content were monitored in CA and CT treatments in 2010-2011. The cumulative GHG emitted were similar for CA and CT in both years, but the C content in the 0-60 cm layer was higher in CA (117.7 Mg C ha(-1)) than in CT (69.7 Mg C ha(-1)). The net global warming potential (GWP) of CA (considering soil C sequestration, GHG emissions, fuel use, and fertilizer and seeds production) was -7729 kg CO(2) ha(-1) y(-1) in 2008-2009 and -7892 kg CO(2) ha(-1) y(-1) in 2010-2011, whereas that of CT was 1327 and 1156 kg CO(2) ha(-1) y(-1). It was found that the contribution of CA to GWP was small compared to that of CT.", "keywords": ["Greenhouse Effect", "2. Zero hunger", "Nitrogen", "Nitrous Oxide", "Temperature", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "maize", "Zea mays", "01 natural sciences", "Carbon", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "greenhouse gases", "11. Sustainability", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "climate", "Methane", "Mexico", "agriculture", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.05.029"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.05.029", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.05.029", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.05.029"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.04.101", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:16:53Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-05-27", "title": "Turnover Of Organic Carbon And Nitrogen In Soil Assessed From \u039413c And \u039415n Changes Under Pasture And Cropping Practices And Estimates Of Greenhouse Gas Emissions", "description": "The continuing clearance of native vegetation for pasture, and especially cropping, is a concern due to declines in soil organic C (SOC) and N, deteriorating soil health, and adverse environment impact such as increased emissions of major greenhouse gases (CO2, N2O and CH4). There is a need to quantify the rates of SOC and N budget changes, and the impact on greenhouse gas emissions from land use change in semi-arid subtropical regions where such data are scarce, so as to assist in developing appropriate management practices. We quantified the turnover rate of SOC from changes in \u03b4(13)C following the conversion of C3 native vegetation to C4 perennial pasture and mixed C3/C4 cereal cropping (wheat/sorghum), as well as \u03b4(15)N changes following the conversion of legume native vegetation to non-legume systems over 23 years. Perennial pasture (Cenchrus ciliaris cv. Biloela) maintained SOC but lost total N by more than 20% in the top 0-0.3m depth of soil, resulting in reduced animal productivity from the grazed pasture. Annual cropping depleted both SOC and total soil N by 34% and 38%, respectively, and resulted in decreasing cereal crop yields. Most of these losses of SOC and total N occurred from the >250 \u03bcm fraction of soil. Moreover, this fraction had almost a magnitude higher turnover rates than the 250-53 \u03bcm and <53 \u03bcm fractions. Loss of SOC during the cropping period contributed two-orders of magnitude more CO2-e to the atmosphere than the pasture system. Even then, the pasture system is not considered as a benchmark of agricultural sustainability because of its decreasing productivity in this semi-arid subtropical environment. Introduction of legumes (for N2 fixation) into perennial pastures may arrest the productivity decline of this system. Restoration of SOC in the cropped system will require land use change to perennial ecosystems such as legume-grass pastures or native vegetation.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "2311 Waste Management and Disposal", "12. Responsible consumption", "Greenhouse gases", "2305 Environmental Engineering", "13. Climate action", "2304 Environmental Chemistry", "2310 Pollution", "11. Sustainability", "\u03b413C", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "C turnover", "\u03b415N"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.04.101"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.04.101", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.04.101", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.04.101"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.11.054", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:16:53Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-11-18", "title": "Benefits Of Biochar, Compost And Biochar-Compost For Soil Quality, Maize Yield And Greenhouse Gas Emissions In A Tropical Agricultural Soil", "description": "Soil quality decline represents a significant constraint on the productivity and sustainability of agriculture in the tropics. In this study, the influence of biochar, compost and mixtures of the two on soil fertility, maize yield and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions was investigated in a tropical Ferralsol. The treatments were: 1) control with business as usual fertilizer (F); 2) 10 t ha(-1) biochar (B)+F; 3) 25 t ha(-1) compost (Com)+F; 4) 2.5 t ha(-1) B+25 t ha(-1) Com mixed on site+F; and 5) 25 t ha(-1) co-composted biochar-compost (COMBI)+F. Total aboveground biomass and maize yield were significantly improved relative to the control for all organic amendments, with increases in grain yield between 10 and 29%. Some plant parameters such as leaf chlorophyll were significantly increased by the organic treatments. Significant differences were observed among treatments for the \u03b4(15)N and \u03b4(13)C contents of kernels. Soil physicochemical properties including soil water content (SWC), total soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (N), available phosphorus (P), nitrate-nitrogen (NO3(-)N), ammonium-nitrogen (NH4(+)-N), exchangeable cations and cation exchange capacity (CEC) were significantly increased by the organic amendments. Maize grain yield was correlated positively with total biomass, leaf chlorophyll, foliar N and P content, SOC and SWC. Emissions of CO2 and N2O were higher from the organic-amended soils than from the fertilizer-only control. However, N2O emissions generally decreased over time for all treatments and emission from the biochar was lower compared to other treatments. Our study concludes that the biochar and biochar-compost-based soil management approaches can improve SOC, soil nutrient status and SWC, and maize yield and may help mitigate greenhouse gas emissions in certain systems.", "keywords": ["Greenhouse Effect", "compost", "Nitrogen", "Zea mays", "630", "12. Responsible consumption", "Soil", "XXXXXX - Unknown", "greenhouse gases", "11. Sustainability", "biochar", "Biomass", "Fertilizers", "2. Zero hunger", "Air Pollutants", "Tropical Climate", "Nitrates", "soil fertility", "Agriculture", "Phosphorus", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "Plant Leaves", "corn", "13. Climate action", "Charcoal", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.11.054"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.11.054", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.11.054", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.11.054"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137852", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:16:55Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-03-13", "title": "Restoration of soil quality using biochar and brown coal waste: A review", "description": "Soils in intensively farmed areas of the world are prone to degradation. Amendment of such soils with organic waste materials attempts to restore soil quality. Organic amendments are heterogeneous media, which are a source of soil organic matter (SOM) and maintain or restore chemical, physical, biological and ecological functionality. More specifically, an increase in SOM can influence the soil microclimate, microbial community structure, biomass turnover and mineralisation of nutrients. The search is on-going for locally sourced alternatives as many forms may be costly or geographically limiting. The present review focuses on a heterogeneous group of amendments i.e. biochar and brown coal waste (BCW). Both biochar (made from a variety of feedstocks at various temperatures) and BCW (mined extensively) are options that have worldwide applicability. These materials have very high C contents and soil stability, therefore can be used for long-term C sequestration to abate greenhouse gas emissions and as conditioners to improve soil quality. However, biochar is costly for large-scale applications and BCW may have inherently high moisture and pollutant contents. Future studies should focus on the long-term application of these amendments and determine the physicochemical properties of the soil, bioavailability of soil contaminants, diversity of soil communities and productivity of selected crops. Furthermore, the development of in situ technologies to lower production and processing costs of biochar and BCW would improve their economic feasibility for large-scale application.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Soil organic matter", "Brown coal waste", "Quality indicators", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Soil quality", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "Biochar", "Greenhouse Gases", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "Charcoal", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/158976/1/1-s2.0-S0048969720313644-main.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137852"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137852", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137852", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137852"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138476", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:16:56Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-04-10", "title": "Can flooding-induced greenhouse gas emissions be mitigated by trait-based plant species choice?", "description": "Intensively managed grasslands are large sources of the potent greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (N2O) and important regulators of methane (CH4) consumption and production. The predicted increase in flooding frequency and severity due to climate change could increase N2O emissions and shift grasslands from a net CH4 sink to a source. Therefore, effective management strategies are critical for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions from flood-prone grasslands. We tested how repeated flooding affected the N2O and CH4 emissions from 11 different plant communities (Festuca arundinacea, Lolium perenne, Poa trivialis, and Trifolium repens in monoculture, 2- and 4-species mixtures), using intact soil cores from an 18-month old grassland field experiment in a 4-month greenhouse experiment. To elucidate potential underlying mechanisms, we related plant functional traits to cumulative N2O and CH4 emissions. We hypothesized that traits related with fast nitrogen uptake and growth would lower N2O and CH4 emissions in ambient (non-flooded) conditions, and that traits related to tissue toughness would lower N2O and CH4 emissions in flooded conditions. We found that flooding increased cumulative N2O emissions by 97 fold and cumulative CH4 emissions by 1.6 fold on average. Plant community composition mediated the flood-induced increase in N2O emissions. In flooded conditions, increasing abundance of the grass F. arundinacea was related with lower N2O emissions; whereas increases in abundance of the legume T. repens resulted in higher N2O emissions. In non-flooded conditions, N2O emissions were not clearly mediated by plant traits related with nitrogen uptake or biomass production. In flooded conditions, plant communities with high root carbon to nitrogen ratio were related with lower cumulative N2O emissions, and a lower global warming potential (CO2 equivalent of N2O and CH4). We conclude that plant functional traits related to slower decomposition and nitrogen mineralization could play a significant role in mitigating N2O emissions in flooded grasslands.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Methane emissions", "Plan_S-Compliant-TA", "national", "Nitrous Oxide", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Floods", "12. Responsible consumption", "Nitrous oxide emissions", "Greenhouse Gases", "Soil", "Flooding", "Intensively managed grassland", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "Plant functional traits", "SDG 13 - Climate Action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Extreme weather event", "Methane"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138476"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138476", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138476", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138476"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151925", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:16:56Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-11-26", "title": "Cross-continental importance of CH4 emissions from dry inland-waters", "description": "Despite substantial advances in quantifying greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from dry inland waters, existing estimates mainly consist of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. However, methane (CH4) may also be relevant due to its higher Global Warming Potential (GWP). We report CH4 emissions from dry inland water sediments to i) provide a cross-continental estimate of such emissions for different types of aquatic systems (i.e., lakes, ponds, reservoirs, and streams) and climate zones (i.e., tropical, continental, and temperate); and ii) determine the environmental factors that control these emissions. CH4 emissions from dry inland waters were consistently higher than emissions observed in adjacent uphill soils, across climate zones and in all aquatic systems except for streams. However, the CH4 contribution (normalized to CO2 equivalents; CO2-eq) to the total GHG emissions of dry inland waters was similar for all types of aquatic systems and varied from 10 to 21%. Although we discuss multiple controlling factors, dry inland water CH4 emissions were most strongly related to sediment organic matter content and moisture. Summing CO2 and CH4 emissions revealed a cross-continental average emission of 9.6\u00a0\u00b1\u00a017.4\u00a0g\u00a0CO2-eq\u00a0m-2\u00a0d-1 from dry inland waters. We argue that increasing droughts likely expand the worldwide surface area of atmosphere-exposed aquatic sediments, thereby increasing global dry inland water CH4 emissions. Hence, CH4 cannot be ignored if we want to fully understand the carbon (C) cycle of dry sediments.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "550", "Nitrous Oxide", "Aquatic Ecology", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "[SDU] Sciences of the Universe [physics]", "Greenhouse Gases", "Lakes", "Rivers", "[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]", "13. Climate action", "Ecological Microbiology", "11. Sustainability", "ddc:570", "Methane", "Institut f\u00fcr Biochemie und Biologie", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151925"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151925", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151925", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151925"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/gcb.14504", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:18:45Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-10-29", "title": "Nitrous oxide emissions from inland waters: Are IPCC estimates too high?", "description": "Abstract<p>Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from inland waters remain a major source of uncertainty in global greenhouse gas budgets. N2O emissions are typically estimated using emission factors (EFs), defined as the proportion of the terrestrial nitrogen (N) load to a water body that is emitted as N2O to the atmosphere. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has proposed EFs of 0.25% and 0.75%, though studies have suggested that both these values are either too high or too low. In this work, we develop a mechanistic modeling approach to explicitly predict N2O production and emissions via nitrification and denitrification in rivers, reservoirs and estuaries. In particular, we introduce a water residence time dependence, which kinetically limits the extent of denitrification and nitrification in water bodies. We revise existing spatially explicit estimates of N loads to inland waters to predict both lumped watershed and half\uffe2\uff80\uff90degree grid cell emissions and EFs worldwide, as well as the proportions of these emissions that originate from denitrification and nitrification. We estimate global inland water N2O emissions of 10.6\uffe2\uff80\uff9319.8\uffc2\uffa0Gmol\uffc2\uffa0N\uffc2\uffa0year\uffe2\uff88\uff921 (148\uffe2\uff80\uff93277\uffc2\uffa0Gg\uffc2\uffa0N\uffc2\uffa0year\uffe2\uff88\uff921), with reservoirs producing most N2O per unit area. Our results indicate that IPCC EFs are likely overestimated by up to an order of magnitude, and that achieving the magnitude of the IPCC's EFs is kinetically improbable in most river systems. Denitrification represents the major pathway of N2O production in river systems, whereas nitrification dominates production in reservoirs and estuaries.</p", "keywords": ["550", "Climate Change", "Nitrous Oxide", "Fresh Water", "01 natural sciences", "Greenhouse Gases", "Theoretical", "Models", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean", "Ecology", "Atmosphere", "[SDU.OCEAN] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean", " Atmosphere", "Biological Sciences", "Models", " Theoretical", "6. Clean water", "Climate Action", "Environmental sciences", "[SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "Biological sciences", "Earth sciences", "13. Climate action", "[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation", "Environmental Sciences", "Sciences exactes et naturelles"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt37w7m1p3/qt37w7m1p3.pdf"}, {"href": "https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/282542/4/Maavara_GCB.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14504"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/gcb.14504", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/gcb.14504", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/gcb.14504"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-12-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/gcb.14582", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:18:45Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-02-26", "title": "Volatile emissions from thawing permafrost soils are influenced by meltwater drainage conditions", "description": "Abstract<p>Vast amounts of carbon are bound in both active layer and permafrost soils in the Arctic. As a consequence of climate warming, the depth of the active layer is increasing in size and permafrost soils are thawing. We hypothesize that pulses of biogenic volatile organic compounds are released from the near\uffe2\uff80\uff90surface active layer during spring, and during late summer season from thawing permafrost, while the subsequent biogeochemical processes occurring in thawed soils also lead to emissions. Biogenic volatile organic compounds are reactive gases that have both negative and positive climate forcing impacts when introduced to the Arctic atmosphere, and the knowledge of their emission magnitude and pattern is necessary to construct reliable climate models. However, it is unclear how different ecosystems and environmental factors such as drainage conditions upon permafrost thaw affect the emission and compound composition. Here we show that incubations of frozen B horizon of the active layer and permafrost soils collected from a High Arctic heath and fen release a range of biogenic volatile organic compounds upon thaw and during subsequent incubation experiments at temperatures of 10\uffc2\uffb0C and 20\uffc2\uffb0C. Meltwater drainage in the fen soils increased emission rates nine times, while having no effect in the drier heath soils. Emissions generally increased with temperature, and emission profiles for the fen soils were dominated by benzenoids and alkanes, while benzenoids, ketones, and alcohols dominated in heath soils. Our results emphasize that future changes affecting the drainage conditions of the Arctic tundra will have a large influence on volatile emissions from thawing permafrost soils \uffe2\uff80\uff93 particularly in wetland/fen areas.</p>", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "tundra", "Climate Change", "Permafrost", "01 natural sciences", "meltwater drainage", "Soil", "03 medical and health sciences", "Arctic", "11. Sustainability", "biogenic volatile organic compounds", "gas fluxes", "Tundra", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "Volatile Organic Compounds", "Arctic Regions", "Water", "15. Life on land", "soil ecology", "climate change", "13. Climate action", "Gases", "Seasons", "permafrost", "Environmental Monitoring"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.14582"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14582"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/gcb.14582", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/gcb.14582", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/gcb.14582"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-02-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2016.05.007", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:17:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-05-28", "title": "Feedback Responses Of Soil Greenhouse Gas Emissions To Climate Change Are Modulated By Soil Characteristics In Dryland Ecosystems", "description": "Understanding feedback responses of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions to future climate projections is critical for the effective development of mitigation and adaptation strategies. It is proposed that effects of elevated carbon dioxide (CO2) and temperature can have differential effects on GHG fluxes but the magnitude and direction of such impact is not fully known, especially in dryland ecosystems, which are typically water and nutrient limited. We examined individual and interactive impacts of elevated CO2 (400\u00a0ppm vs. 600\u00a0ppm) and elevated temperature (ambient vs.\u00a0+3\u00a0\u00b0C increase) treatments on GHG fluxes, in three Australian dryland soils. Firstly, we quantified the individual and interactive effects of elevated CO2 and temperature on CO2, methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) fluxes and the corresponding soil net global warming potential (GWP). Secondly, biotic and abiotic drivers of GHG emissions were identified by exploring the relationship between CO2, CH4 and N2O fluxes with the abundance of bacteria, methanotrophs and N2O-reducing bacteria as well as soil abiotic characteristics. Our results show that soil CO2 emissions and CH4 uptake respond mainly to elevated temperature in all dryland soils tested, with interactive treatment effects showing a less than additive trend on soil net GWP. Nitrous oxide emissions responded less to climate change treatments, and these were site-specific. Soil site characteristics were the main determinant of all GHG emissions; however, the abundance of total bacteria and N2O-reducing bacteria significantly explained CO2 and N2O fluxes, respectively. This study shows that dryland soils respond to climate change with an offset under interactive climate treatments. Our findings suggest that future studies on GHG feedback responses should explicitly consider both biotic and abiotic soil characteristics in order to provide a better mechanistic understanding for the development of future mitigation strategies.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "XXXXXX - Unknown", "greenhouse gases", "11. Sustainability", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "bacteria", "climatic changes", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2016.05.007"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2016.05.007", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2016.05.007", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2016.05.007"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1021/es303459h", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:17:32Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-01-22", "title": "Environmental And Economic Trade-Offs In A Watershed When Using Corn Stover For Bioenergy", "description": "There is an abundant supply of corn stover in the United States that remains after grain is harvested which could be used to produce cellulosic biofuels mandated by the current Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS). This research integrates the Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) watershed model and the DayCent biogeochemical model to investigate water quality and soil greenhouse gas flux that results when corn stover is collected at two different rates from corn-soybean and continuous corn crop rotations with and without tillage. Multiobjective watershed-scale optimizations are performed for individual pollutant-cost minimization criteria based on the economic cost of each cropping practice and (individually) the effect on nitrate, total phosphorus, sediment, or global warming potential. We compare these results with a purely economic optimization that maximizes stover production at the lowest cost without taking environmental impacts into account. We illustrate trade-offs between cost and different environmental performance criteria, assuming that nutrients contained in any stover collected must be replaced. The key finding is that stover collection using the practices modeled results in increased contributions to atmospheric greenhouse gases while reducing nitrate and total phosphorus loading to the watershed relative to the status quo without stover collection. Stover collection increases sediment loading to waterways relative to when no stover is removed for each crop rotation-tillage practice combination considered; no-till in combination with stover collection reduced sediment loading below baseline conditions without stover collection. Our results suggest that additional information is needed about (i) the level of nutrient replacement required to maintain grain yields and (ii) cost-effective management practices capable of reducing soil erosion when crop residues are removed in order to avoid contributions to climate change and water quality impairments as a result of using corn stover to satisfy the RFS.", "keywords": ["Greenhouse Effect", "2. Zero hunger", "0207 environmental engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "Zea mays", "7. Clean energy", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "Models", " Economic", "Water Supply", "13. Climate action", "Biofuels", "Water Quality", "Gases", "Fertilizers", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1021/es303459h"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Science%20%26amp%3B%20Technology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1021/es303459h", "name": "item", "description": "10.1021/es303459h", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1021/es303459h"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-02-05T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1021/es3024435", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:17:32Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-11-05", "title": "Bioenergy Production From Perennial Energy Crops: A Consequential Lca Of 12 Bioenergy Scenarios Including Land Use Changes", "description": "In the endeavor of optimizing the sustainability of bioenergy production in Denmark, this consequential life cycle assessment (LCA) evaluated the environmental impacts associated with the production of heat and electricity from one hectare of Danish arable land cultivated with three perennial crops: ryegrass (Lolium perenne), willow (Salix viminalis) and Miscanthus giganteus. For each, four conversion pathways were assessed against a fossil fuel reference: (I) anaerobic co-digestion with manure, (II) gasification, (III) combustion in small-to-medium scale biomass combined heat and power (CHP) plants and IV) co-firing in large scale coal-fired CHP plants. Soil carbon changes, direct and indirect land use changes as well as uncertainty analysis (sensitivity, MonteCarlo) were included in the LCA. Results showed that global warming was the bottleneck impact, where only two scenarios, namely willow and Miscanthus co-firing, allowed for an improvement as compared with the reference (-82 and -45 t CO\u2082-eq. ha\u207b\u00b9, respectively). The indirect land use changes impact was quantified as 310 \u00b1 170 t CO\u2082-eq. ha\u207b\u00b9, representing a paramount average of 41% of the induced greenhouse gas emissions. The uncertainty analysis confirmed the results robustness and highlighted the indirect land use changes uncertainty as the only uncertainty that can significantly change the outcome of the LCA results.", "keywords": ["Crops", " Agricultural", "Manures", "Nitrogen", "Life cycle", "Coal gasification plants", "Sus scrofa", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Crops", "02 engineering and technology", "/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/responsible_consumption_and_production; name=SDG 12 - Responsible Consumption and Production", "Global Warming", "7. Clean energy", "Environmental impact", "/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/affordable_and_clean_energy; name=SDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy", "Anaerobic digestion", "11. Sustainability", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "Animals", "Anaerobiosis", "Gas emissions", "2. Zero hunger", "Fossil fuels", "Global warming", "/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/life_on_land; name=SDG 15 - Life on Land", "Agriculture", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "Carbon", "Coal combustion", "Manure", "Greenhouse gases", "Carbon dioxide", "13. Climate action", "Biofuels", "Land use", "Uncertainty analysis", "Cogeneration plants", "Power generation"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1021/es3024435"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Science%20%26amp%3B%20Technology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1021/es3024435", "name": "item", "description": "10.1021/es3024435", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1021/es3024435"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-11-30T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1023/a:1004518730970", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:17:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2002-12-21", "description": "Elevated atmospheric CO2 has the potential to change below-ground nutrient cycling and thereby alter the soil-atmosphere exchange of biogenic trace gases. We measured fluxes of CH4 and N2O in trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) stands grown in open-top chambers under ambient and twice-ambient CO2 concentrations crossed with \u2018high\u2019 and low soil-N conditions.", "keywords": ["measurement-", "nitrous-oxide", "flux-", "Vascular-Plants", "poplars-", "carbon-dioxide-enrichment", "photosynthesis-", "Nutrition-", "carbon-dioxide: atmospheric-concentration", "stand-growth", "nitrogen-cycle", "michigan-", "methane-: flux-", "soil-", "nitrogen-", "Populus-tremuloides [aspen-] (Salicaceae-)", "carbon-cycle", "methane-production", "soil-fertility", "Salicaceae-: Dicotyledones-", "populus-tremuloides", "cycling-", "Spermatophytes-", "Spermatophyta-", "Plantae-", "biological-activity-in-soil", "Climatology- (Environmental-Sciences)", "Angiosperms-", "Angiospermae-", "Plants-", "gases-", "oxidation-", "forest-soils", "methane-", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "GLOBAL-ECOLOGY", "15. Life on land", "enzyme-activity", "gas-exchange", "nitrous-oxide: emission-", "soil-water", "13. Climate action", "denitrification-", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "soil-bacteria", "Dicots-", "efflux-"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1004518730970"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1023/a:1004518730970", "name": "item", "description": "10.1023/a:1004518730970", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1023/a:1004518730970"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1999-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1029/2017JD027827", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:17:41Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-04-26", "title": "Fine Particle Emissions From Tropical Peat Fires Decrease Rapidly With Time Since Ignition", "description": "Abstract<p>Southeast Asia experiences frequent fires in fuel\uffe2\uff80\uff90rich tropical peatlands, leading to extreme episodes of regional haze with high concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) impacting human health. In a study published recently, the first field measurements of PM2.5 emission factors for tropical peat fires showed larger emissions than from other fuel types. Here we report even higher PM2.5 emission factors, measured at newly ignited peat fires in Malaysia, suggesting that current estimates of fine particulate emissions from peat fires may be underestimated by a factor of 3 or more. In addition, we use both field and laboratory measurements of burning peat to provide the first mechanistic explanation for the high variability in PM2.5 emission factors, demonstrating that buildup of a surface ash layer causes the emissions of PM2.5 to decrease as the peat fire progresses. This finding implies that peat fires are more hazardous (in terms of aerosol emissions) when first ignited than when still burning many days later. Varying emission factors for PM2.5 also have implications for our ability to correctly model the climate and air quality impacts downwind of the peat fires. For modelers able to implement a time\uffe2\uff80\uff90varying emission factor, we recommend an emission factor for PM2.5 from newly ignited tropical peat fires of 58\uffc2\uffa0g of PM2.5 per kilogram of dry fuel consumed (g/kg), reducing exponentially at a rate of 9%/day. If the age of the fire is unknown or only a single value may be used, we recommend an average value of 24\uffc2\uffa0g/kg.</p>", "keywords": ["5", "550", "TRACE GASES", "PM2", "PM2.5", "Social and Behavioral Sciences", "01 natural sciences", "TRANSFORM INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY", "INDONESIA", "CARBON", "SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being", "11. Sustainability", "Medicine and Health Sciences", "Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences", "AUSTRALIAN VEGETATION FIRES", "Research Articles", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "Science & Technology", "GE", "emissions", "AIR-POLLUTION", "15. Life on land", "FOREST", "FIELD-MEASUREMENTS", "DERIVATION", "13. Climate action", "Physical Sciences", "PREMATURE MORTALITY", "peat", "FoR 0401 (Atmospheric Sciences)", "FoR 0502 (Environmental Science and Management)", "fire"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/9303/1/Fine%20Particle%20Emissions%20From%20Tropical%20Peat%20Fires%20Decrease%20Rapidly%20With%20Time%20Since%20Ignition..pdf"}, {"href": "https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2017JD027827"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1029/2017JD027827"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Geophysical%20Research%3A%20Atmospheres", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1029/2017JD027827", "name": "item", "description": "10.1029/2017JD027827", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1029/2017JD027827"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-05-16T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1038/nclimate1692", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:17:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-01-31", "title": "Greenhouse-gas emissions from soils increased by earthworms", "description": "Earthworms play an essential part in determining the greenhouse-gas balance of soils worldwide but whether their activity moves soils towards being a net source or sink remains controversial. This Review of the overall effect of earthworms on the greenhouse-gas balance of soils suggests that although beneficial to fertility, earthworms tend to increase the net soil emissions of such gases.", "keywords": ["organic-matter dynamics", "2. Zero hunger", "ecosystem engineers", "suelo", "soil fertility", "n2o emission", "earthworms", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "fertilidad del suelo", "endogeic earthworms", "15. Life on land", "carbon-dioxide", "microbial activity", "soil", "12. Responsible consumption", "crop residue", "13. Climate action", "greenhouse gases", "11. Sustainability", "gases de efecto invernadero", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "nitrous-oxide fluxes", "agricultural intensification", "nitrifier denitrification", "lombriz de tierra"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate1692"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Nature%20Climate%20Change", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1038/nclimate1692", "name": "item", "description": "10.1038/nclimate1692", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1038/nclimate1692"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-02-03T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1038/s41396-022-01211-0", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:17:47Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-03-22", "title": "Identification of active gaseous alkane degraders at natural gas seeps", "description": "Abstract                <p>Natural gas seeps release significant amounts of methane and other gases including ethane and propane contributing to global climate change. In this study, bacterial actively\uffc2\uffa0consuming short-chain alkanes were identified by cultivation, whole-genome sequencing, and stable-isotope probing (SIP)-metagenomics using 13C-propane and 13C-ethane from two different natural gas seeps, Pipe Creek and Andreiasu Everlasting Fire. Nearly 100 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) (completeness 70\uffe2\uff80\uff9399%) were recovered from both sites. Among these, 16 MAGs had genes encoding the soluble di-iron monooxygenase (SDIMO). The MAGs were affiliated to Actinobacteria (two MAGs), Alphaproteobacteria (ten MAGs), and Gammaproteobacteria (four MAGs). Additionally, three gaseous-alkane degraders were isolated in pure culture, all of which could grow on ethane, propane, and butane and possessed SDIMO-related genes. Two Rhodoblastus strains (PC2 and PC3) were from Pipe Creek and a Mycolicibacterium strain (ANDR5) from Andreiasu. Strains PC2 and PC3 encoded putative butane monooxygenases (MOs) and strain ANDR5 contained a propane MO. Mycolicibacterium strain ANDR5 and MAG19a, highly abundant in incubations with 13C-ethane, share an amino acid identity (AAI) of 99.3%. We show using a combination of enrichment and isolation, and cultivation-independent techniques, that these natural gas seeps contain a diverse community of active bacteria oxidising\uffc2\uffa0gaseous-alkanes, which play an important role in biogeochemical cycling of natural gas.</p>", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "570", "Ethane", "0303 health sciences", "Bacteria", "Natural Gas", "Article", "Mixed Function Oxygenases", "Propane", "03 medical and health sciences", "13. Climate action", "Alkanes", "Butanes", "Gases", "Phylogeny"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/84325/1/s41396_022_01211_0.pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41396-022-01211-0.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41396-022-01211-0"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/The%20ISME%20Journal", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1038/s41396-022-01211-0", "name": "item", "description": "10.1038/s41396-022-01211-0", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1038/s41396-022-01211-0"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-03-22T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1038/s41467-022-29161-3", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:17:48Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-03-17", "title": "Structure and function of the soil microbiome underlying N2O emissions from global wetlands", "description": "Abstract<p>Wetland soils are the greatest source of nitrous oxide (N2O), a critical greenhouse gas and ozone depleter released by microbes. Yet, microbial players and processes underlying the N2O emissions from wetland soils are poorly understood. Using in situ N2O measurements and by determining the structure and potential functional of microbial communities in 645 wetland soil samples globally, we examined the potential role of archaea, bacteria, and fungi in nitrogen (N) cycling and N2O emissions. We show that N2O emissions are higher in drained and warm wetland soils, and are correlated with functional diversity of microbes. We further provide evidence that despite their much lower abundance compared to bacteria, nitrifying archaeal abundance is a key factor explaining N2O emissions from wetland soils globally. Our data suggest that ongoing global warming and intensifying environmental change may boost archaeal nitrifiers, collectively transforming wetland soils to a greater source of N2O.</p", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "570", "571", "Supplementary Data", "QH301 Biology", "Science", "General Biochemistry", "Genetics and Molecular Biology", "Nitrous Oxide", "General Physics and Astronomy", "Soil Science", "551", "852993", "Article", "DH150187", "QH301", "Greenhouse Gases", "Soil", "03 medical and health sciences", "948219", "General", "Soil Microbiology", "0303 health sciences", "Microbiota", "Q", "General Chemistry", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "BBS/e/F/000Pr10355", "13. Climate action", "BB/r012490/1", "Wetlands", "Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)", "Other", "European Research Council"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/27540/1/bahram-m-et-al-220412.pdf"}, {"href": "https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/84269/1/Published_Version.pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-022-29161-3.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-29161-3"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Nature%20Communications", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1038/s41467-022-29161-3", "name": "item", "description": "10.1038/s41467-022-29161-3", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1038/s41467-022-29161-3"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-03-17T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1038/s41467-022-32696-0", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:17:49Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-08-27", "title": "Organic matter composition and greenhouse gas production of thawing subsea permafrost in the Laptev Sea", "description": "Abstract<p>Subsea permafrost represents a large carbon pool that might be or become a significant greenhouse gas source. Scarcity of observational data causes large uncertainties. We here use five 21-56\uffe2\uff80\uff89m long subsea permafrost cores from the Laptev Sea to constrain organic carbon (OC) storage and sources, degradation state and potential greenhouse gas production upon thaw. Grain sizes, optically-stimulated luminescence and biomarkers suggest deposition of aeolian silt and fluvial sand over 160 000 years, with dominant fluvial/alluvial deposition of forest- and tundra-derived organic matter. We estimate an annual thaw rate of 1.3\uffe2\uff80\uff89\uffc2\uffb1\uffe2\uff80\uff890.6\uffe2\uff80\uff89kg OC m\uffe2\uff88\uff922 in subsea permafrost in the area, nine-fold exceeding organic carbon thaw rates for terrestrial permafrost. During 20-month incubations, CH4 and CO2 production averaged 1.7 nmol and 2.4 \uffc2\uffb5mol g\uffe2\uff88\uff921 OC d\uffe2\uff88\uff921, providing a baseline to assess the contribution of subsea permafrost to the high CH4 fluxes and strong ocean acidification observed in the region.</p", "keywords": ["Science", "Q", "biomarkers", "Permafrost", "Hydrogen-Ion Concentration", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Article", "Carbon", "12. Responsible consumption", "Greenhouse Gases", "Soil", "climate change", "\u041b\u0430\u043f\u0442\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u043e\u0440\u0435", "\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0440\u0437\u043b\u043e\u0442\u0430", "13. Climate action", "Seawater", "14. Life underwater", "\u043f\u0430\u0440\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0433\u0430\u0437\u044b", "subsea permafrost", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-32696-0"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Nature%20Communications", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1038/s41467-022-32696-0", "name": "item", "description": "10.1038/s41467-022-32696-0", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1038/s41467-022-32696-0"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-08-27T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Gases&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Gases&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "first", "title": "items (first)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Gases&", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "next", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (next)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Gases&offset=50", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 149, "numberReturned": 50, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-07-26T05:10:50.415209Z"}