{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.06.023", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:36Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-07-28", "title": "Effects Of Elevated Co2 Concentration On Rhizodeposition From Lolium Perenne Grown On Soil Exposed To 9 Years Of Co2 Enrichment", "description": "Abstract   The effects of enriched CO 2  atmosphere on partitioning of recently assimilated carbon were investigated in a plant-soil-microorganism system in which  Lolium perenne  seedlings were planted into cores inserted into the resident soil within a sward that had been treated with elevated CO 2  for 9 consecutive years, under two N fertilisation levels (Swiss FACE experiment). The planted cores were excavated from the ambient (35\u00a0Pa pCO 2 ) and enriched (60\u00a0Pa pCO 2 ) rings at two dates, in spring and autumn, during the growing season. The cores were brought back to the laboratory for  14 C labelling of shoots in order to trace the transfer of recently assimilated C both within the plant and to the soil and microbial biomass. At the spring sampling, high N supply stimulated shoot and total dry matter production. Consistently, high N enhanced the allocation of recently fixed C to shoots, and reduced it to belowground compartments. Elevated CO 2  had no consequences for DM or the pattern of C allocation. At the autumn sampling, at high N plot, yield of  L. perenne  was stimulated by elevated CO 2 . Consistently,  14 C was preferentially allocated aboveground and, consequently belowground recent C allocation was depressed and rhizodeposition reduced. At both experimental periods, total soil C content was similar in all treatments, providing no evidence for soil carbon sequestration in the Swiss Free Air CO 2  Enrichment experiment (FACE) after 9 years of enrichment. Recently assimilated C and soil C were mineralised faster in soils from enriched rings, suggesting a CO 2 -induced shift in the microbial biomass characteristics (structure, diversity, activity) and/or in the quality of the root-released organic compounds.", "keywords": ["580", "RHIZODEPOSITION", "0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "RAY GRASS ANGLAIS", "MINERALISATION", "RHIZOSPHERE RESPIRATION", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "[SDV.SA.SDS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "MICROBIAL BIOMASSE", "CARBON SEQUESTRATION", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "ELEVATED CO2", "[SDV.SA.SDS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "NITROGEN FERTILISATION"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.06.023"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.06.023", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.06.023", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.06.023"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.03.012", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:38Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-04-24", "title": "Soil Carbon Turnover And Sequestration In Native Subtropical Tree Plantations", "description": "Approximately 30% of global soil organic carbon (SOC) is stored in subtropical and tropical ecosystems but it is being rapidly lost due to continuous deforestation. Tree plantations are advocated as a C sink, however, little is known about rates of C turnover and sequestration into soil organic matter under subtropical and tropical tree plantations. We studied changes in SOC in a chronosequence of hoop pine (Araucaria cwunninghamii) plantations established on former rainforest sites in seasonally dry subtropical Australia. SOC, delta C-13, and light fraction organic C (LF C < 1.6 g cm(-3)) Were determined in plantations, secondary rainforest and pasture. We calculated loss of rainforest SOC after clearing for pasture using an isotope mixing model, and used the decay rate of rainforest-derived C to predict input of hoop pine-derived C into the soil. Total SOC stocks to 100 cm depth were significantly (P < 0.01) higher under rainforest (241 t ha(-1)) and pasture (254 t ha(-1)) compared to hoop pine (176-211 t ha(-1)). We calculated that SOC derived from hoop pine inputs ranged from 32% (25 year plantation) to 61% (63 year plantation) of total SOC in the 0-30 cm soil layer, but below 30 cm all C originated from rainforest. These results were compared to simulations made by the Century soil organic matter model. The Century model Simulations showed that lower C stocks under hoop pine plantations were due to reduced C inputs to the slow turnover C pool, such that this pool only recovers to within 45% of the original rainforest C pool after 63 years. This may indicate differences in soil C stabilization mechanisms under hoop pine plantations compared with rainforest and pasture. These results demonstrate that subtropical hoop pine plantations do not rapidly sequester SOC into long-term storage pools, and that alternative plantation systems may need to be investigated to achieve greater soil C sequestration. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.", "keywords": ["Araucaria", "C-13", "Soil Science", "Land-use Change", "Storage", "Puerto-rico", "Century model", "01 natural sciences", "C1", "light fraction carbon", "Pasture", "300103 Soil Chemistry", "Southern Queensland", "Rain-forest", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "tree plantations", "Organic-matter Dynamics", "770702 Land and water management", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Long-term Trends", "carbon sequestration", "soil organic carbon", "Forest Conversion", "Continuous Cultivation", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.03.012"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.03.012", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.03.012", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.03.012"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.09.009", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-10-28", "title": "Temperature And Soil Moisture Interactively Affected Soil Net N Mineralization In Temperate Grassland In Northern China", "description": "Intact soil cores from three adjacent sites (Site A: grazed, Site B: fenced for 4 years, and Site C: fenced for 24 years) were incubated in the laboratory to examine effects of temperature, soil moisture, and their interactions on net nitrification and N mineralization rates in the Inner Mongolia grassland of Northern China. Incubation temperature significantly influenced net nitrification and N mineralization rates in all the three grassland sites. There were no differences in net nitrification or N mineralization rates at lower temperatures (K10, 0, and 5 8C) whereas significant differences were found at higher temperatures (15, 25, and 35 8C). Soil moisture profoundly impacted net nitrification and N mineralization rates in all the three sites. Interactions of temperature and moisture significantly affected net nitrification and mineralization rates in Site B and C, but not in Site A. Temperature sensitivity of net nitrification and N mineralization varied with soil moisture and grassland site. Our results showed greater net N mineralization rates and lower concentrations of inorganic N in the grazed site than those in the fenced sites, suggesting negative impacts of grazing on soil N pools and net primary productivity. q 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.09.009"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.09.009", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.09.009", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.09.009"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.03.007", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:36Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-04-29", "title": "Long-Term Application Of Organic Manure And Nitrogen Fertilizer On N2o Emissions, Soil Quality And Crop Production In A Sandy Loam Soil", "description": "Abstract   A long-term field experiment was established to determine the influence of mineral fertilizer (NPK) or organic manure (composed of wheat straw, oil cake and cottonseed cake) on soil fertility. A tract of calcareous fluvo-aquic soil (aquic inceptisol) in the Fengqiu State Key Experimental Station for Ecological Agriculture (Fengqiu county, Henan province, China) was fertilized beginning in September 1989 and N 2 O emissions were examined during the maize and wheat growth seasons of 2002\u20132003. The study involved seven treatments: organic manure (OM), half-organic manure plus half-fertilizer N (1/2 OMN), fertilizer NPK (NPK), fertilizer NP (NP), fertilizer NK (NK), fertilizer PK (PK) and control (CK). Manured soils had higher organic C and N contents, but lower pH and bulk densities than soils receiving the various mineralized fertilizers especially those lacking P, indicating that long-term application of manures could efficiently prevent the leaching of applied N from and increase N content in the plowed layer. The application of manures and fertilizers at a rate of 300\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha \u22121 \u00a0year \u22121  significantly increased N 2 O emissions from 150\u00a0g\u00a0N 2 O-N\u00a0ha \u22121 \u00a0year \u22121  in the CK treatment soil to 856\u00a0g\u00a0N 2 O-N\u00a0ha \u22121 \u00a0year \u22121  in the OM treatment soil; however, there was no significant difference between the effect of fertilizer and manure on N 2 O emission. More N 2 O was released during the 102-day maize growth season than during the 236-day wheat growth season in the N-fertilized soils but not in N-unfertilized soils. N 2 O emission was significantly affected by soil moisture during the maize growth season and by soil temperature during the wheat growth season. In sum, this study showed that manure added to a soil tested did not result in greater N 2 O emission than treatment with a N-containing fertilizer, but did confer greater benefits for soil fertility and the environment.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Zucong Cai, Lei Meng, Weixin Ding,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.03.007"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.03.007", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.03.007", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.03.007"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.04.005", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:36Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-05-06", "title": "Plant Invasion Of Native Grassland On Serpentine Soils Has No Major Effects Upon Selected Physical And Biological Properties", "description": "Plant invasions alter soil microbial community composition; this study examined whether invasion-induced changes in the soil microbial community were reflected in soil aggregation, an ecosystem property strongly influenced by microorganisms. Soil aggregation is regulated by many biological factors including roots, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal hyphae, and microbially-derived carbon compounds. We measured root biomass, fungal-derived glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP), and aggregate mean weight diameter in serpentine soils dominated by an invasive plant (Aegilops triuncialis (goatgrass) or Centaurea solstitialis (yellow starthistle)), or by native plants (Lasthenia californica and Plantago erecta, or Hemizonia congesta). Root biomass tended to increase in invaded soils. GRSP concentrations were lower in goatgrass-dominated soils than native soils. In contrast, starthistle dominated soil contained a higher amount of one fraction of GRSP, easily extractable immunoreactive soil protein (EE-IRSP) and a lower amount of another GRSP fraction, easily extractible Bradford reactive soil protein (EE-BRSP). Soil aggregation increased with goatgrass invasion, but did not increase with starthistle invasion. In highly aggregated serpentine soils, small increases in soil aggregation accompanying plant invasion were not related to changes in GRSP and likely have limited ecological significance.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.04.005"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.04.005", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.04.005", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.04.005"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.05.024", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:36Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-07-12", "title": "Interactions Between Plants, Litter And Microbes In Cycling Of Nitrogen And Phosphorus In The Arctic", "description": "Abstract   Estimated nutrient mineralization in northern nutrient-poor ecosystems, measured as differences in soil inorganic nutrients before and after a period of soil incubation in the absence of plants and litter, usually shows a discrepancy of much lower rates than plant nutrient uptake rates. In plots that had been pre-treated by 12 year of warming and fertilizer addition, we incubated soils together with litter and plants added and examined whether the absence of plants and litter in \u2018traditional\u2019 incubations could explain the discrepancy. The pre-treatment had no effect on nitrogen (N) mineralization but increased phosphorus (P) mineralization, while litter addition decreased N and increased P mineralization but without any effect on plant and microbial N and P sequestration. Incubations of soils with plants increased N mobilization to the soil inorganic plus plant pools several-fold as compared to the net mineralization in soils without plants. Hence, the presence of plants stimulated mobilization of the growth-limiting N. The growth-sufficient P was not affected by the presence of plants, however. Furthermore, increased plant and microbial N uptake correlated positively, which speaks against competition for plant available N from soil microbes in N-constrained ecosystems, at least during the time-span of 10 weeks the experiment lasted, and instead suggests facilitation.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.05.024"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.05.024", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.05.024", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.05.024"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.06.025", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:36Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-07-28", "title": "Sources And Mechanisms Of Priming Effect Induced In Two Grassland Soils Amended With Slurry And Sugar", "description": "The mechanisms and specific sources of priming effects, i.e. short term changes of soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition after substance addition, are still not fully understood. These uncertainties are partly method related, i.e. until now only two C sources in released CO2 could be identified. We used a novel approach separating three carbon (C) sources in CO2 efflux from soil. The approach is based on combination of different substances originated from C3 or C4 plants in different treatments and identical transformation of substances like C3 sugar (from sugar beet) and C4 sugar (from sugar cane). We investigated the influence of the addition of two substances having different microbial utilizability, i.e. slurry and sugar on the SOM or/and slurry decomposition in two grassland soils with different levels of Corg (2.3 vs. 5.1% C). Application of slurry to the soil slightly accelerated the SOM decomposition. Addition of sugar lead to changes of SOM and slurry decomposition clearly characterized by two phases: immediately after sugar addition, the microorganisms switched from the decomposition of hardly utilizable SOM to the decomposition of easily utilizable sugar. This first phase was very short (2\u20103 days), hence was frequently missed in other experiments. The second phase showed a slightly increased slurry and SOM decomposition (compared to the soil without sugar). The separation of three sources in CO2 efflux from grassland soils allowed us to conclude that the C will be utilized according to its utilizability: sugarOslurryOSOM. Additionally, decomposition of more inert C (here SOM) during the period of intensive sugar decomposition was strongly reduced (negative priming effect). We conclude that, priming effects involve a chain of mechanisms: (i) preferential substrate utilization, (ii) activation of microbial biomass by easily utilizable substrate (iii) subsequent increased utilization of following substrates according to their utilizability, and (iv) decline to initial state. q 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.06.025"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.06.025", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.06.025", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.06.025"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.04.019", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:38Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-05-31", "title": "Interannual And Interseasonal Soil Co2 Efflux And Voc Exchange Rates In A Mediterranean Holm Oak Forest In Response To Experimental Drought", "description": "Open AccessPeer reviewed", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Drought", "Seasonality", "Soil VOCs", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "13. Climate action", "CO2 efflux", "Soil monoterpenes", "Soil temperature", "Soil moisture", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.04.019"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.04.019", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.04.019", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.04.019"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.10.002", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-11-09", "title": "Short And Long-Term Effects Of Elevated Co2 On Lolium Perenne Rhizodeposition And Its Consequences On Soil Organic Matter Turnover And Plant N Yield", "description": "It is still unclear whether elevated CO 2  increases plant root exudation and consequently affects the soil microbial biomass. The effects of elevated CO 2  on the fate of the C and nitrogen (N) contained in old soil organic matter pools is also unclear. In this study the short and long-term effects of elevated CO 2  on C and N pools and fluxes were assessed by growing isolated plants of ryegrass (Lolium perenne) in glasshouses at elevated and ambient atmospheric CO 2  and using soil from the New Zealand FACE site that had >4 years exposure to CO 2  enrichment. Using  14 CO 2  pulse labelling, the effects of elevated CO 2  on C allocation within the plant-soil system were studied. Under elevated CO 2  more root derived C was found in the soil and in the microbial biomass 48 h after labelling. The increased availability of substrate significantly stimulated soil microbial growth and acted as priming effect, enhancing native soil organic matter decomposition regardless of the mineral N supply. Despite indications of faster N cycling in soil under elevated CO 2 , N availability to plants stayed unchanged. Soil previously exposed to elevated CO 2  exhibited a higher N cycling rate but again there was no effect on plant N uptake. With respect to the difficulties of extrapolating glasshouse experiment results to the field, we concluded that the accumulation of coarse organic matter observed in the field under elevated CO 2  was probably not created by an imbalance between C and N but was likely to be due to more complex phenomena involving soil mesofauna and/or other nutrients limitations.", "keywords": ["580", "RHIZODEPOSITION", "2. Zero hunger", "RAY GRASS ANGLAIS", "PRIMING EFFECT", "15N", "RYEGRASS", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "[SDV.SA.SDS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "15. Life on land", "ELEVATED CO2", "[SDV.SA.SDS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.10.002"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.10.002", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.10.002", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.10.002"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.08.007", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:36Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-09-22", "title": "Nitrous Oxide Production Of Heavy Metal Contaminated Soil", "description": "Arsenic (As), lead (Pb), copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) can be found in large concentrations in mine spills of central and northern Mexico. Interest in these heavy metals has increased recently as they contaminate drinking water and aquifers in large parts of the world and severely affect human health, but little is known about how they affect biological functioning of soil. Soils were sampled in seven locations along a gradient of heavy metal contamination with distance from a mine in San Luis Potosi (Mexico), active since about 1800 AD. C mineralization and N2O production were monitored in an aerobic incubation experiment. Concentrations of As in the top 0\u201310\u00a0cm soil layer ranged from 8 to 22,992\u00a0mg\u00a0kg\u22121, from 31 to 1845\u00a0mg\u00a0kg\u22121 for Pb, from 27 to 1620\u00a0mg\u00a0kg\u22121 for Cu and from 81 to 4218\u00a0mg\u00a0kg\u22121 for Zn. There was a significant negative correlation between production rates of CO2 and concentrations of As, Pb, Cu and Zn, and there was a significant positive correlation with pH, water holding capacity (WHC), total N and soil organic C. There was a significant negative correlation (P<0.05) between production rate of nitrous oxide (N2O) attributed to nitrification by the inhibition method in soil incubated at 50% WHC and total concentrations of Pb and Zn, and there was a significant positive correlation (P<0.05) with pH and total N content. There was a significant negative correlation (P<0.05) between the production rate of N2O attributed to denitrification by the inhibition method in soil incubated at 100% WHC and total concentrations of Pb, Cu and Zn, and a significant positive correlation (P<0.01) with pH; there was a significant positive correlation (P<0.05) between the production of N2O attributed to other processes by the inhibition method and WHC, inorganic C and clay content. A negative value for production rate of N2O attributed to nitrifier denitrification by the inhibition method was obtained at 100% WHC. The large concentrations of heavy metals in soil inhibited microbial activity and the production rate of N2O attributed to nitrification by the inhibition method when soil was incubated at 50% WHC and denitrification when soil was incubated at 100% WHC. The inhibitor/suppression technique used appeared to be flawed, as negative values for nitrifier denitrification were obtained and as the production rate of N2O through denitrification increased when soil was incubated with C2H2.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.08.007"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.08.007", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.08.007", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.08.007"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.10.020", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-01-05", "title": "Response Of Microbial Activity And Microbial Community Composition In Soils To Long-Term Arsenic And Cadmium Exposure", "description": "Abstract   Arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) in soils can affect soil microbial function and community composition and, therefore, may have effects on soil ecosystem functioning. The aim of our study was to assess the effects of long-term As and Cd contamination on soil microbial community composition and soil enzyme activities. We analyzed soils that have been contaminated 25 years ago and at present still show enhanced levels of either As, 18 and 39\u00a0mg\u00a0kg\u22121, or Cd, 34 and 134\u00a0mg\u00a0kg\u22121. Soil without heavy metal addition served as control. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) showed that bacterial community composition in As and Cd contaminated soils differed from that in the control soil. The same was true for the microbial community composition assessed by analysis of respiratory quinones. Soil fungi and Proteobacteria appeared to be tolerant towards As and Cd, while other groups of bacteria were reduced. The decline in alkaline phosphatase, arylsulphatase, protease and urease activities in the As- and Cd-contaminated soils was correlated with a decrease of respiratory quinones occuring in Actinobacteria and Firmicutes. Xylanase activity was unaffected or elevated in the contaminated soils which was correlated with a higher abundance of fungal quinones, and quinones found in Proteobacteria.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "quinones", "cadmium", "arsenic", "microbial community composition", "denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "333", "6. Clean water", "enzyme activities", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.10.020"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.10.020", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.10.020", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.10.020"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.11.009", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-02-07", "title": "Qualitative And Quantitative Differences In Particulate Organic Matter Fractions In Organic And Conventional Farming Systems", "description": "Abstract   To quantify functionally important differences in soil organic matter (SOM) that result from use of different farming practices, soils from 9 long-term trials comparing manure+legume-based organic, legume-based organic, and conventional farming systems were collected and particulate organic matter (POM) was fractionated to reflect its position within the soil matrix. The free, light POM (FPOM;  53\u00a0\u03bcm) obtained by wet sieving. Fraction C, N, and hydrolyzable N (quantified using the Illinois test (IL-N)) were determined. Organic farming systems had greater quantities of C and N in the OPOM and CF and, greater IL-N contents in all POM fractions considered. The OPOM's C:N ratio (16\u201319) and was least in the manure+legume-based organic, intermediate in the legume-based organic, and greatest in the conventional systems (    P    0.10    ). Trends in OPOM C:N and IL-N abundance suggested occluded POM was most decomposed, and possibly a greater N reservoir, in the manured soils. The FPOM quality reflected the residues added to each system and its removal improved resolution of quality-based differences in POM associated with long-term management. Subdivision of POM revealed differences in its quality that were not evident using the undifferentiated CF. Quantification of hydrolysable N (IL-N) in POM did not enhance our understanding of management's affect on SOM quality. This multi-site comparison showed organic management simultaneously increased the size of the labile N reservoir and the amount of POM protected within aggregates; and that, occluded POM is more decomposed in manure+legume- than in legume-based organic systems. The characteristics of POM reveal how organic practices improve SOM and suggest the nutrient and substrate decay dynamics of organic systems may differ as a result of the N fertilization strategies they employ.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Michelle M. Wander, Emily E. Marriott,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.11.009"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.11.009", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.11.009", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.11.009"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/gcbb.12248", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:00Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-02-03", "title": "Carbon Footprint Of Rice Production Under Biochar Amendment - A Case Study In A Chinese Rice Cropping System", "description": "Abstract<p>As a controversial strategy to mitigate global warming, biochar application into soil highlights the need for life cycle assessment before large\uffe2\uff80\uff90scale practice. This study focused on the effect of biochar on carbon footprint of rice production. A field experiment was performed with three treatments: no residue amendment (Control), 6 t\uffc2\uffa0ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffc2\uffa0yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921 corn straw (CS) amendment, and 2.4\uffc2\uffa0t\uffc2\uffa0ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffc2\uffa0yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921 corn straw\uffe2\uff80\uff90derived biochar amendment (CBC). Carbon footprint was calculated by considering carbon source processes (pyrolysis energy cost, fertilizer and pesticide input, farmwork, and soil greenhouse gas emissions) and carbon sink processes (soil carbon increment and energy offset from pyrolytic gas). On average over three consecutive rice\uffe2\uff80\uff90growing cycles from year 2011 to 2013, the CS treatment had a much higher carbon intensity of rice (0.68\uffc2\uffa0kg CO2\uffe2\uff80\uff90C equivalent (CO2\uffe2\uff80\uff90Ce) kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffc2\uffa0grain) than that of Control (0.24\uffc2\uffa0kg CO2\uffe2\uff80\uff90Ce\uffc2\uffa0kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921 grain), resulting from large soil CH4 emissions. Biochar amendment significantly increased soil carbon pool and showed no significant effect on soil total N2O and CH4 emissions relative to Control; however, due to a variation in net electric energy input of biochar production based on different pyrolysis settings, carbon intensity of rice under CBC treatment ranged from 0.04 to 0.44\uffc2\uffa0kg CO2\uffe2\uff80\uff90Ce\uffc2\uffa0kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921 grain. The results indicated that biochar strategy had the potential to significantly reduce the carbon footprint of crop production, but the energy\uffe2\uff80\uff90efficient pyrolysis technique does matter.</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "CH4", "N2O", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/responsible_consumption_and_production; name=SDG 12 - Responsible Consumption and Production", "Carbon footprint", "7. Clean energy", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "Biochar", "Life cycle assessment", "/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/affordable_and_clean_energy; name=SDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy", "13. Climate action", "8. Economic growth", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Rice", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.12248"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/GCB%20Bioenergy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/gcbb.12248", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/gcbb.12248", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/gcbb.12248"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-03-26T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.11.011", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-01-27", "title": "Increased N Availability In Grassland Soils Modifies Their Microbial Communities And Decreases The Abundance Of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi", "description": "Abstract   Two complementary studies were performed to examine (1) the effect of 18 years of nitrogen (N) fertilization, and (2) the effects of N fertilization during one growing season on soil microbial community composition and soil resource availability in a grassland ecosystem. N was added at three different rates: 0, 5.44, and 27.2\u00a0g\u00a0N\u00a0m\u22122\u00a0y\u22121. In both studies, Schizachyrium scoparium was the dominant plant species before N treatments were applied. Soil microbial communities from each experiment were characterized using fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) analysis. Discriminant analysis of the FAMEs separated the three N fertilizer treatments in both experiments, indicating shifts in the composition of the microbial communities. In general, plots that received N fertilizer at low or high application rates for 18 years showed increased proportions of bacterial FAMEs and decreased fungal FAMEs. In particular, control plots contained a significantly higher proportion of fungal FAMEs C18:1(cis9) and C18:2(cis9,12) and of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) FAME, C16:1(cis11), than both of the N addition treatment plots. A significant negative effect of N fertilization on the AMF FAME, C16:1(cis11), was measured in the short-term experiment. Our results indicate that high rates of anthropogenic N deposition can lead to significant changes in the composition of soil microbial communities over short periods and can even disrupt the relationship between AMF and plants.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Kate L. Bradley, Jean Knops, Rhae A. Drijber,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.11.011"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.11.011", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.11.011", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.11.011"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.12.010", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-02-24", "title": "Microbial Communities, Biomass, And Activities In Soils As Affected By Freeze Thaw Cycles", "description": "Abstract   Two Finnish agricultural soils (peat soil and loamy sand) were exposed to four freeze-thaw cycles (FTC), with a temperature change from \u221217.3\u00b10.4\u00a0\u00b0C to +4.1\u00b10.4\u00a0\u00b0C. Control cores from both soils were kept at constant temperature (+6.6\u00b12.0\u00a0\u00b0C) without FTCs. Soil N 2 O and CO 2  emissions were monitored during soil thawing, and the effects of FTCs on soil microbes were studied. N 2 O emissions were extremely low in peat soil, possibly due to low soil water content. Loamy sand had high N 2 O emission, with the highest emission after the second FTC. Soil freeze-thaw increased anaerobic respiration in both soil types during the first 3\u20134 FTCs, and this increase was higher in the peat soil. The microbial community structure and biomass analysed with lipid biomarkers (phospholipid fatty acids, 3- and 2- hydroxy fatty acids) were not affected by freezing-thawing cycles, nor was soil microbial biomass carbon (MIB-C). Molecular analysis of the microbial community structure with temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (TGGE) also showed no changes due the FTCs. These results show that freezing and thawing of boreal soils does not have a strong effect on microbial biomass or community structure.", "keywords": ["hiilidioksidi", "570", "biomassa", "j\u00e4\u00e4tymis-sulamissykli", "mikrobiyhteis\u00f6n rakenne", "lipidit", "maamikrobiologia", "j\u00e4\u00e4tyminen", "structure", "lipid biomarkers", "maaper\u00e4", "mikrobiyhteis\u00f6rakenne", "biomass", "TGGE", "lipidibiomarkkeri", "N2O", "sulaminen", "dityppioksidi", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "freeze-thaw cycle", "6. Clean water", "13. Climate action", "l\u00e4mp\u00f6tilamuutokset", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "CO2", "Ka", "microbial community"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Koponen, H., Jaakkola, T., Kein\u00e4nen-Toivola, M.M., Kaipainen, S., Tuomainen, J., Servomaa, K., Martikainen, P.J.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.12.010"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.12.010", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.12.010", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.12.010"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.11.012", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-01-31", "title": "Changes In Soil Biological And Biochemical Characteristics In A Long-Term Field Trial On A Sub-Tropical Inceptisol", "description": "Abstract   Soil organic carbon (SOC), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), their ratio (MBC/SOC) which is also known as microbial quotient, soil respiration, dehydrogenase and phosphatase activities were evaluated in a long-term (31 years) field experiment involving fertility treatments (manure and inorganic fertilizers) and a maize (Zea mays L.)\u2013wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)\u2013cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) rotation at the Indian Agricultural Research Institute near New Delhi, India. Applying farmyard manure (FYM) plus NPK fertilizer significantly increased SOC (4.5\u20137.5\u00a0g\u00a0kg\u22121), microbial biomass (124\u2013291\u00a0mg\u00a0kg\u22121) and microbial quotient from 2.88 to 3.87. Soil respiration, dehydrogenase and phosphatase activities were also increased by FYM applications. The MBC response to FYM+100% NPK compared to 100% NPK (193 vs. 291\u00a0mg\u00a0kg\u22121) was much greater than that for soil respiration (6.24 vs. 6.93\u00a0\u03bcl\u00a0O2\u00a0g\u22121\u00a0h\u22121) indicating a considerable portion of MBC in FYM plots was inactive. Dehydrogenase activity increased slightly as NPK rates were increased from 50% to 100%, but excessive fertilization (150% NPK) decreased it. Acid phosphatase activity (31.1 vs. 51.8\u00a0\u03bcg\u00a0PNP\u00a0g\u22121\u00a0h\u22121) was much lower than alkali phosphatase activity (289 vs. 366\u00a0\u03bcg\u00a0PNP\u00a0g\u22121\u00a0h\u22121) in all treatments. Phosphatase activity was influenced more by season or crop (e.g. tilling wheat residue) than fertilizer treatment, although both MBC and phosphatase activity were increased with optimum or balanced fertilization. SOC, MBC, soil respiration and acid phosphatase activity in control (no NPK, no manure) treatment was lower than uncultivated reference soil, and soil respiration was limiting at N alone or NP alone treatments.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.11.012"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.11.012", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.11.012", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.11.012"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.12.008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-02-24", "title": "Mycorrhizae Activity And Diversity In Conventional And Organic Apple Orchards From Brazil", "description": "Abstract   The aim of this study was to characterize the impacts of a conventional, an organic apple orchard and a native grassland on the activity and diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) located at the south of Brazil during winter and summer. AMF activity was measured by the mycorrhizal inoculum potential (MIP), mycorrhizal fungal hyphal length (HL), easily extractable and total Bradford-reactive soil protein (BRSP). AMF diversity was represented by richness, Shannon diversity index and number of spores. Orchards reduced the MIP of the soil and increased the HL when compared to the grassland site. The amount of easily extractable BRSP was not different among orchards and between seasons evaluated, with overall mean value of 1.23\u00a0mg\u00a0g \u22121 . However, the amount of total-BRSP was smaller in the conventional orchard (4.55\u00a0mg\u00a0g \u22121 ) than in the organic orchard (4.91\u00a0mg\u00a0g \u22121 ) and in the native grassland (5.12\u00a0mg\u00a0g \u22121 ). T-BRSP and total organic carbon were strongly correlated in the grassland during the winter, suggesting the contribution of this protein for carbon stocks in the native soil of this region. The organic orchard presented the highest AMF richness, but sporulation and Shannon diversity index were larger in the conventional orchard. Our data suggest that the conventional orchard promoted higher impacts on the natural condition of AMF activity, being considered an unadvisable practice to soil conservation.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.12.008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.12.008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.12.008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.12.008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.12.023", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-03-03", "title": "Earthworms (Millsonia Anomala, Megascolecidae) Do Not Increase Rice Growth Through Enhanced Nitrogen Mineralization", "description": "Earthworms have been shown to increase plant growth in 75% of the experiments that have compared plant growth in their presence and absence. However, the relative importance of the different mechanisms advanced to explain such a stimulatory effect has never been tested. In a laboratory experiment, we observed increased growth of rice plants in the presence of earthworms (Millsonia anomala, Megascolecidae) and demonstrated that enhanced nitrogen release (generally considered as the principal mechanism involved in earthworm positive effect on plants) was not responsible for this result: earthworms had the same stimulatory effect on plant growth (+20%) irrespective of whether the soil (provided with different amounts of mineral-N fertilizer) was either N-limited or N-saturated. We discuss alternative explanations for the observed variations in rice production.", "keywords": ["580", "Nitrogen gradient", "2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "Mineralization", "nitrogen gradient", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "01 natural sciences", "630", "Mechanisms affecting plant growth", "[SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "Earthworm", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "mineralization", "[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "earthworm", "mechanisms affecting plant growth"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://hal-bioemco.ccsd.cnrs.fr/bioemco-00448744/file/Blouin_et_al.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.12.023"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.12.023", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.12.023", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.12.023"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.01.013", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-03-21", "title": "How Important Is N2o Production In Removing Atmospherically Deposited Nitrogen From Uk Moorland Catchments?", "description": "Nitrate (NO3\u2212) leaching due to anthropogenic nitrogen (N) deposition is an environmental problem in many parts of the UK uplands, associated with surface water acidification and affecting lake nutrient balances. It is often assumed that gaseous return of deposited N to the atmosphere as N2O through denitrification may provide an important sink for N. This assumption was tested for four moorland catchments (Allt a\u2019Mharcaidh in the Cairngorms, Afon Gwy in mid-Wales, Scoat Tarn in the English Lake District and River Etherow in the southern Pennines), covering gradients of atmospheric N deposition and surface water NO3\u2212 leaching, through a combination of field and laboratory experiments. Field measurements of N2O fluxes from static chambers with and without additions of NH4NO3 solution were carried out every 4 weeks over 1 yr. Wetted soil cores from the same field plots were used in experimental laboratory incubations at 5 and 15 \u00b0C with and without additions of NH4NO3 solution, followed by measurement of N2O fluxes. Field measurements showed that significant N2O fluxes occurred in only a very small number of plots with most showing zero values for much of the year. The maximum fluxes were 0.24 kg-N/ha/yr from unamended plots at the River Etherow and 0.49 kg-N/ha/yr from plots with NH4NO3 additions at the Allt a\u2019Mharcaidh. Laboratory incubation experiments demonstrated that large N2O fluxes could be induced by warming and NH4NO3 additions, with the top 5 cm of soil cores responsible for the largest fluxes, reaching 11.8 kg-N/ha/yr from a podsol at Scoat Tarn. Acetylene block experiments showed that while N2 was not likely to be a significant denitrification product in these soils, reduced N2O fluxes indicated that nitrification was an important source of N2O in many cases. A simple model of denitrification suggesting that 10\u201380% of net N inputs may be denitrified from non-agricultural soils was found to greatly over-estimate fluxes in the UK uplands. The proportion of deposition denitrified was found to be much closer to the IPCC suggested value of 1% with an upper limit of 10%. Interception of N deposition by vegetation may greatly reduce the net supply of N from this source, while soil acidification or other factors limiting carbon supply to soil microbes may prevent large denitrification fluxes even where NO3\u2212 supply is not limiting.", "keywords": ["denitrification", "nitrous oxide", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "nitrification", "6. Clean water", "moorlands", "nitrogen deposition", "acidification", "13. Climate action", "nitrate leaching", "nitrogen saturation", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.01.013"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.01.013", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.01.013", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.01.013"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.04.003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-05-09", "title": "Storage And Dynamics Of Carbon And Nitrogen In Soil Physical Fractions Following Woody Plant Invasion Of Grassland", "description": "Abstract   Woody plant invasion of grasslands is prevalent worldwide. In the Rio Grande Plains of Texas, subtropical thorn woodlands dominated by C3 trees/shrubs have been replacing C4 grasslands over the past 150\u00a0yr, resulting in increased soil organic carbon (SOC) storage and concomitant increases in soil total nitrogen (STN). To elucidate mechanisms of change in SOC and STN, we separated soil organic matter into specific size/density fractions and determined the concentration of C and N in these fractions. Soils were collected from remnant grasslands (Time 0) and woody plant stands (ages 10\u2013130\u00a0yr). Rates of whole-soil C and N accrual in the upper 15\u00a0cm of the soil profile averaged 10\u201330\u00a0g\u00a0C\u00a0m\u22122\u00a0yr\u22121 and 1\u20133\u00a0g\u00a0N\u00a0m\u22122\u00a0yr\u22121, respectively, over the past 130\u00a0yr of woodland development. These rates of accumulation have increased soil C and N stocks in older wooded areas by 100\u2013500% relative to remnant grasslands. Probable causes of these increased pool sizes include higher rates of organic matter production in wooded areas, greater inherent biochemical resistance of woody litter to decomposition, and protection of organic matter by stabilization within soil macro- and microaggregates. The mass proportions of the free light fraction ( 250\u00a0\u03bcm) increased linearly with time following woody plant invasion of grassland. Conversely, the mass proportions of free microaggregate (53\u2013250\u00a0\u03bcm) and free silt+clay (", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.04.003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.04.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.04.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.04.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.04.003,", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-05-09", "title": "Storage And Dynamics Of Carbon And Nitrogen In Soil Physical Fractions Following Woody Plant Invasion Of Grassland", "description": "Abstract   Woody plant invasion of grasslands is prevalent worldwide. In the Rio Grande Plains of Texas, subtropical thorn woodlands dominated by C3 trees/shrubs have been replacing C4 grasslands over the past 150\u00a0yr, resulting in increased soil organic carbon (SOC) storage and concomitant increases in soil total nitrogen (STN). To elucidate mechanisms of change in SOC and STN, we separated soil organic matter into specific size/density fractions and determined the concentration of C and N in these fractions. Soils were collected from remnant grasslands (Time 0) and woody plant stands (ages 10\u2013130\u00a0yr). Rates of whole-soil C and N accrual in the upper 15\u00a0cm of the soil profile averaged 10\u201330\u00a0g\u00a0C\u00a0m\u22122\u00a0yr\u22121 and 1\u20133\u00a0g\u00a0N\u00a0m\u22122\u00a0yr\u22121, respectively, over the past 130\u00a0yr of woodland development. These rates of accumulation have increased soil C and N stocks in older wooded areas by 100\u2013500% relative to remnant grasslands. Probable causes of these increased pool sizes include higher rates of organic matter production in wooded areas, greater inherent biochemical resistance of woody litter to decomposition, and protection of organic matter by stabilization within soil macro- and microaggregates. The mass proportions of the free light fraction ( 250\u00a0\u03bcm) increased linearly with time following woody plant invasion of grassland. Conversely, the mass proportions of free microaggregate (53\u2013250\u00a0\u03bcm) and free silt+clay (", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.04.003,"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.04.003,", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.04.003,", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.04.003,"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.04.039", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-05-23", "title": "Carbohydrate Dynamics In Particle-Size Fractions Of Sandy Spodosols Following Forest Conversion To Maize Cropping", "description": "Abstract   In southwest France, much of the forested land on sandy spodosols has been converted to continuous maize cropping in the last few decades. To evaluate the impacts of this change on soil organic matter properties, we compared total organic C and neutral and amino sugars content in whole soil and particle size separates of two forested, and five related sites that had been either clear-cut for 12 and 18 mo, or cultivated to maize for 4\u201322\u00a0yr. Soil carbohydrates accounted for 4\u20137% of the total organic C across all sites. Soil organic C contents of clear-cut and cultivated sites were only 57\u201379% of the average value measured in forested sites. Accordingly, carbohydrate content of clear-cut and cultivated sites were only 35\u201366% of the value in forested sites. Ordering the sites in a chronosequence indicated that both total organic C and carbohydrate contents decreased with an increase in time elapsed since clear-cutting and maize cultivation. The only exception was a partial recovery of carbohydrate content in the site that had been under continuous maize for 22\u00a0yr. The clay+silt fraction (0\u201350\u00a0\u03bcm) was enriched in carbohydrates, mainly of microbial origin, whereas the sand size fractions (50\u2013200 and 200\u20132000\u00a0\u03bcm) contained fewer carbohydrates which were mainly of plant origin. Monosaccharide analysis of particle size separates revealed significant differences in carbohydrate composition between sites. Relative to forested sites, the coarse and fine sand fractions in clear-cut and cultivated sites were depleted in carbohydrates and were relatively enriched in plant-derived carbohydrates. Carbohydrate content of the clay+silt fraction drastically decreased upon clear-cutting. Amino sugar content was consistently lower in clear-cut and cultivated sites than in forested sites, indicating that microbial populations were negatively affected by clear-cutting and cultivation. The fungal population appeared more sensitive than bacteria to these land-use changes as indicated by a greater decline in glucosamine than in muramic acid contents.", "keywords": ["PINE FOREST", "2. Zero hunger", "PODZOSOL", "550", "BIOCHIMIE", "CARBOHYDRATES", "PIN MARITIME", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "[SDV.SA.SDS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "PARTICLE SIZE SEPARATE", "SUCRES", "MAIZE CROPPING", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "[SDV.SA.SDS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "FRACTIONNEMENT GRANULOMETRIQUE", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.04.039"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.04.039", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.04.039", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.04.039"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.05.017", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-07-11", "title": "Hydrolase Activities, Microbial Biomass And Bacterial Community In A Soil After Long-Term Amendment With Different Composts", "description": "Open AccessThe use of composts in agricultural soils is a widespread practice and the positive effects on soil and plants are known from numerous studies. However, there have been few attempts to compare the effects of different kinds of composts in one single study. The aim of this paper is to investigate to what extent and to which soil depth four major types of composts would affect the soil and its microbiota. In a crop-rotation field experiment, composts produced from (i) urban organic wastes, (ii) green wastes, (iii) manure and (iv) sewage sludge were applied at a rate equivalent to 175 kg N ha\u22121 yr\u22121 for 12 years. General (total organic C (Corg), total N (Nt), microbial biomass C (Cmic), and basal respiration), specific (enzyme activities related to C, N and P cycles), biochemical properties and bacterial genetic diversity (based on DGGE analysis of 16S rDNA) were analyzed at different depths (0\u201310, 10\u201320 and 20\u201330 cm). Compost treatment increased Corg at all depths from 11 g kg\u22121 for control soil to 16.7 g kg\u22121 for the case of sewage sludge compost. Total N increased with compost treatment at 0\u201310 cm and 10\u201320 cm depths, but not at 20\u201330 cm. Basal respiration and Cmic declined with depth, and the composts resulted in an increase of Cmic and basal respiration. Enzyme activities were different depend on the enzyme and among compost treatments, but in general, the enzyme activities were higher in the upper layers (0\u201310 and 10\u201320 cm) than in the 20\u201330 cm layer. Diversity of ammonia oxidizers and bacteria was lower in the control than in the compost soils. The type of compost had less influence on the composition of the microbial communities than did soil depth.", "keywords": ["PCR-DGGE", "2. Zero hunger", "Microbial activity", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Composts", "Hydrolase activities", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Bacterial communities", "6. Clean water", "Ammonia oxidizers", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.05.017"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.05.017", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.05.017", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.05.017"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.05.012", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:38Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-06-16", "title": "Quantification Of Priming And Co2 Emission Sources Following The Application Of Different Slurry Particle Size Fractions To A Grassland Soil", "description": "The highest emissions of CO2 from soils and most pronounced priming effect (PE) from soils generally occur immediately after slurry application. However, the influence of different particle size slurry fractions on net soil C respiration dynamics and PE has not been studied. Therefore, a slurry separation technique based on particle sizes was used in the present study. Six distinct fractions (>2000, 425\u20132000, 250\u2013425, 150\u2013250, 45\u2013150,  250 \u03bcm fractions. The overall contribution of slurry C to total CO2 emissions was higher in smaller slurry particle size treatments in the first days after application. The addition of the various slurry fractions to soil caused both significant positive and negative PEs on the soil organic matter mineralization. The timing and type (positive or negative) of PE depended on the slurry particle size. Clearly, farm based separation pre-treatment leading to two or more fractions with different particle sizes has also the potential to reduce or modify short-term CO2 emissions immediately after slurry application to soil.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.05.012"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.05.012", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.05.012", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.05.012"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.04.004", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-05-09", "title": "Organic Matter Turnover In Soil Physical Fractions Following Woody Plant Invasion Of Grassland: Evidence From Natural (13)C And (15)N", "description": "Soil physical structure causes differential accessibility of soil organic carbon (SOC) to decomposer organisms and is an important determinant of SOC storage and turnover. Techniques for physical fractionation of soil organic matter in conjunction with isotopic analyses (d 13 C, d 15 N) of those soil fractions have been used previously to (a) determine where organic C is stored relative to aggregate structure, (b) identify sources of SOC, (c) quantify turnover rates of SOC in specific soil fractions, and (d) evaluate organic matter quality. We used these two complementary approaches to characterize soil C storage and dynamics in the Rio Grande Plains of southern Texas where C3 trees/shrubs (d 13 C \u00bc\ufffd 27%) have largely replaced C4 grasslands (d 13 C \u00bc\ufffd 14%) over the past 100\u2013200 years. Using a chronosequence approach, soils were collected from remnant grasslands (Time 0) and from woody plant stands ranging in age from 10 to 130 years. We separated soil organic matter into specific size/density fractions and determined their C and N concentrations and natural d 13 C and d 15 N values. Mean residence times (MRTs) of soil fractions were calculated based on changes in their d 13 C with time after woody encroachment. The shortest MRTs (average \u00bc 30 years) were associated with all particulate organic matter (POM) fractions not protected within aggregates. Fine POM (53\u2013250mm) within macro- and microaggregates was relatively more protected from decay, with an average MRT of 60 years. All silt+clay fractions had the longest MRTs (average \u00bc 360 years) regardless of whether they were found inside or outside of aggregate structure. d 15 N values of soil physical fractions were positively correlated with MRTs of the same fractions, suggesting that higher d 15 N values reflect an increased degree of humification. Increased soil C and N pools in wooded areas were due to", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.04.004"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.04.004", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.04.004", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.04.004"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.04.045", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-05-26", "title": "Bacterial Inoculants Affecting Nickel Uptake By Alyssum Murale From Low, Moderate And High Ni Soils", "description": "Metal hyperaccumulator plants like Alyssum murale have a remarkable ability to hyperaccumulate Ni from soils containing mostly insoluble Ni. We have shown some rhizobacteria increase the phytoavailability of Ni in soils, thus enhancing Ni accumulation by A. murale. Nine bacterial strains, originally isolated from the rhizosphere of A. murale grown in serpentine Ni-rich soil, were examined for their ability to solubilize Ni in different soils and for their effect on Ni uptake into Alyssum. Microbacterium oxydans AY509223; Rhizobium galegae AY509213; Microbacterium oxydans AY509219; Clavibacter xyli AY509236; Acidovorax avenae AY512827; Microbacterium arabinogalactanolyticum AY509225; M. oxydans AY509222; M. arabinogalactanolyticum AY509226 and M. oxydans AY509221 were added to low, moderate and high Ni-contaminated soils. M. oxydans AY509223 significantly increased Ni extraction by 10 mM Sr(NO3)2 from the high and medium soils and had no effect on Ni extraction from the low Ni soils. The other eight bacterial isolates significantly increased Ni extraction from all soils. There were no significant effects of bacterial inoculation on fresh and dry weight of A . murale shoots grown in the low and high Ni soils compared to an unamended control. M. oxydans AY509223 significantly increased Ni uptake of A. murale grown in the low, medium, and high soils by 36.1%, 39.3%, and 27.7%, respectively, compared with uninoculated seeds. M. oxydans AY509223 increased foliar Ni from the same soils from 82.9, 261.3 and 2829.3 mg kg 1 to 129.7, 430.7, and 3914.3 mg kg 1 , respectively, compared with uninoculated controls. These results show that bacteria are important for Ni", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.04.045"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.04.045", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.04.045", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.04.045"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.08.003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-09-19", "title": "No, N2o, Ch4 And Co2 Fluxes In Winter Barley Field Of Japanese Andisol As Affected By N Fertilizer Management", "description": "The study was carried out at the experimental station of the Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences to investigate gas fluxes from a Japanese Andisol under different N fertilizer managements: CD, a deep application (8\u00a0cm) of the controlled release urea; UD, a deep application (8\u00a0cm) of the conventional urea; US, a surface application of the conventional urea; and a control, without any N application. NO, N2O, CH4 and CO2 fluxes were measured simultaneously in a winter barley field under the maize/barley rotation. The fluxes of NO and N2O from the control were very low, and N fertilization increased the emissions of NO and N2O. NO and N2O from N fertilization treatments showed different emission patterns: significant NO emissions but low N2O emissions in the winter season, and low NO emissions but significant N2O emissions during the short period of barley growth in the spring season. The controlled release of the N fertilizer decreased the total NO emissions, while a deep application increased the total N2O emissions. Fertilizer-derived NO\u2013N and N2O\u2013N from the treatments CD, UD and US accounted for 0.20\u00b10.07%, 0.71\u00b10.15%, 0.62\u00b10.04%, and 0.52\u00b10.04%, 0.50\u00b10.09%, 0.35\u00b10.03%, of the applied N, respectively, during the barley season. CH4 fluxes from the control were negative on most sampling dates, and its net soil uptake was 33\u00b17.1\u00a0mg\u00a0m\u22122 during the barley season. The application of the N fertilizer decreased the uptake of atmospheric CH4 and resulted in positive emissions from the soil. CO2 fluxes were very low in the early period of crop growth while higher emissions were observed in the spring season. The N fertilization generally increased the direct CO2 emissions from the soil. N2O, CH4 and CO2 fluxes were positively correlated (P<0.01) with each other, whereas NO and CO2 fluxes were negatively correlated (P<0.05). The N fertilization increased soil-derived global warming potential (GWP) significantly in the barley season. The net GWP was calculated by subtracting the plant-fixed atmospheric CO2 stored in its aboveground parts from the soil-derived GWP in CO2 equivalent. The net GWP from the CD, UD, US and the control were all negative at \u2212243\u00b130.7, \u2212257\u00b128.4, \u2212227\u00b16.6 and \u2212143\u00b19.7\u00a0g\u00a0C\u00a0m\u22122 in CO2 equivalent, respectively, in the barley season.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.08.003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.08.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.08.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.08.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.09.015", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:38Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-10-20", "title": "Do Earthworms Increase N2o Emissions In Ploughed Grassland?", "description": "Abstract   Earthworm activity has been reported to lead to increased production of the greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (N2O). This is due to emissions from worms themselves, their casts and drilosphere, as well as to general changes in soil structure. However, it remains to be determined how important this effect is on N2O fluxes from agricultural systems under realistic conditions in terms of earthworm density, soil moisture, tillage activity and residue loads. We quantified the effect of earthworm presence on N2O emissions from a pasture after simulated ploughing of the sod (\u2018grassland renovation\u2019) for different soil moisture contents during a 62-day mesocosm study. Sod (with associated soil) and topsoil were separately collected from a loamy Typic Fluvaquent. Treatments included low (L), medium (M) and high (H) moisture content, in combination with: only soil (S); soil+incorporated sod (SG); soil+incorporated sod+the anecic earthworm Aporrectodea longa (SGE). Nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes were measured for 62\u00a0d. At the end of the incubation period, we determined N2O production under water-saturated conditions, potential denitrification and potential mineralization of the soil after removing the earthworms. Cumulative N2O and CO2 fluxes over 62\u00a0d from incorporated sod were highest for treatment HSGE (973\u00a0\u03bcg N2O-N and 302\u00a0mg CO2-C\u00a0kg\u22121 soil) and lowest for LSG (64\u00a0\u03bcg N2O-N and 188\u00a0mg CO2-C\u00a0kg\u22121 soil). Both cumulative fluxes were significantly different for soil moisture (p", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "denitrification", "casts", "carbon", "permanent pastures", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "fluxes", "6. Clean water", "nitrous-oxide emissions", "13. Climate action", "soil organic-matter", "community", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "denitrifying bacteria", "management"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.09.015"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.09.015", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.09.015", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.09.015"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.12.036", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:38Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-02-09", "title": "Microbial Degradation Of Hydrolysable And Condensed Tannin Polyphenol-Protein Complexes In Soils From Different Land-Use Histories", "description": "Abstract   Polyphenols are capable of binding to proteins and form polyphenol\u2013protein complexes thus reducing the release of N from decomposing plant materials. The objective of this work was to test if under polyphenol-rich vegetations adapted microbial communities had developed capable of breaking down recalcitrant polyphenol\u2013protein complexes. Soils used for this investigation were from different 10-year-old tropical agricultural systems (maize, sugarcane plots and Gliricidia sepium or Peltophorum dasyrrachis woodlots) and natural systems (secondary forest and Imperata cylindrica grassland). TA (tannic acid, hydrolysable tannin), QUE (quebracho, condensed tannin), BSA (bovine serum albumin, protein) or TA/BSA and QUE/BSA polyphenol\u2013protein complexes were incubated at 28\u00a0\u00b0C in these soils. CO2-C and 13C evolution were periodically monitored and mineral N release, microbial biomass N and phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) profiles measured at the end.  QUE was able to bind about 25% more protein than TA. In all systems the individual uncomplexed substrates were more easily degraded than the complexes. On average, net cumulative CO2-C evolution from TA/BSA complexes was more than 5 times higher than from QUE/BSA complexes, indicating higher C availability and/or lower protection capability of TA compared to QUE. However, net N release was higher from QUE/BSA than from TA/BSA probably due to their higher protein-binding capacity and associated larger degradation of partly unprotected protein as suggested by 13C-CO2 signatures. Microbial respiration patterns indicated that polyphenol complexes were initially degraded more quickly in the maize cropping system than in soils from under polyphenol-rich communities (Peltophorum and natural forest) but this pattern reversed with time. Long-term incubation of QUE/BSA complexes even caused a negative effect on microbial respiration in agricultural soils with low polyphenol contents (e.g. maize and sugarcane).  Incubation of polyphenol complexes in soil depressed microbial biomass N in maize, sugarcane, Imperata and forest systems and led to reduced soil pH. However, microbial biomass was increased under the polyphenol-rich vegetation of Peltophorum. The PLFA group 18:2w6,9 was highly enhanced by condensed tannin\u2013protein complexes additions as compared to control and hydrolysable polyphenol\u2013protein complexes in soils with high polyphenol contents. Polyphenol complexes increased the fungi:bacteria ratio in systems with a high polyphenol content, particularly with condensed tannin complexes. The results indicated that systems with a high polyphenol content favoured development of fungal communities that are highly adaptable to phenol-rich soil conditions and high acidity, particularly with regards to the more recalcitrant condensed tannin\u2013protein complexes.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.12.036"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.12.036", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.12.036", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.12.036"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.02.009", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:45Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-02-26", "title": "Pyrogenic Carbon Additions To Soil Counteract Positive Priming Of Soil Carbon Mineralization By Plants", "description": "Abstract   Important due to both its role in fire-affected ecosystems, and also its proposed intentional production and application for carbon (C) management, pyrogenic organic matter (PyOM) is thought to contain very stable forms of C. However, the mechanisms behind its interactions with non-PyOM soil organic C (SOC) remain speculative, with studies often showing short-term positive and then long-term negative \u201cpriming effects\u201d on SOC decomposition after PyOM applications. Furthermore, studies of these interactions to date have been limited to systems that do not include plants. This study describes results from a 12-week greenhouse experiment where PyOM-SOC priming effects with and without plants were investigated using stable isotope partitioning. In addition, we investigated the optimal \u03b413C proxies for sources of SOC, PyOM, and plant-derived CO2 emissions. The two-factorial experiment included the presence or absence of corn plants and of 13C-labelled PyOM. In order to control for pH and nutrient addition effects from PyOM, its pH was adjusted to that of the soil and optimal nutrient and water conditions were provided to the plants. The \u03b413C of PyOM sub-components were significantly different. Significant losses of 0.4% of the applied PyOM-C occurred in the first week. We find evidence for a \u201cnegative priming\u201d effect of PyOM on SOC in the system (SOC losses are 48% lower with PyOM present), which occurred primarily during the first week, indicating it may be due to transient effects driven by easily mineralizable PyOM. Additionally, while the presence of corn plants resulted in significantly increased SOC losses (\u201cpositive priming\u201d), PyOM additions counteract this effect, almost completely eliminating net C losses either by decreasing SOC decomposition or increasing corn C additions to soil. This highlights the importance of including plants in studies of PyOM-SOC interactions.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "8. Economic growth", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Thea Whitman, Akio Enders, Johannes Lehmann,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.02.009"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.02.009", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.02.009", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.02.009"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.09.030", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:38Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-11-01", "title": "Fast Turnover Of Low Molecular Weight Components Of The Dissolved Organic Carbon Pool Of Temperate Grassland Field Soils", "description": "Large amounts of low molecular weight (LMW;<250 Da) carbon (C) are lost from roots into the rhizosphere as a consequence of root turnover and exudation. Their rates of turnover after release into the soil remain poorly understood. We extracted soil solution from a temperate grassland Eutric Cambisol, isotopically labeled the glucose and amino acid components, and then re-injected the solution back into the soil. We followed the subsequent evolution of 14CO2 and incorporation of the LMW C into the soil microbial biomass or grasses for 48 h. The experiments were performed both on grazed and un-grazed swards in the field, and in the laboratory. In the field, we showed that glucose and amino acids had short half-lives (t1/2) in soil solution (t1/2=20\u201340 min), but that they persisted in soil microbes for much longer. A first-order double exponential model fitted the experimental data well and gave rate constant (k) values of 1.21\u20132.14 h\u22121 for k1 and 0.0025\u20130.0048 h\u22121 for k2. Only small amounts of the added 14C were recovered in plant biomass (<5% of total added to soil) indicating that plant roots are poor competitors for LMW dissolved organic C (DOC) in comparison to soil microorganisms. The first phase of glucose and amino acid mineralization in the laboratory was slower (t1/2=40\u201360 min) than measured in the field reinforcing the importance of making flux measurements in situ. Whilst grazing stimulated below-ground respiration, it exerted only a small influence on the turnover of LMW DOC suggesting that the increase in respiration was due to increased root respiration and not turnover of soil organic matter (SOM). Our results suggest that some components of the LMW DOC pool are turned over extremely rapidly (ca. 4000 times annually).", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.09.030"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.09.030", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.09.030", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.09.030"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.12.024", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:38Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-01-23", "title": "Microaggregate-Associated Carbon As A Diagnostic Fraction For Management-Induced Changes In Soil Organic Carbon In Two Oxisols", "description": "Abstract   Carbon stabilization by macroaggregate-occluded microaggregates (Mm) has been proposed as a principal mechanism for long-term soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration in temperate alternative agricultural and (af)forested systems. The aim of this study was to evaluate the importance of the Mm fraction for long-term C stabilization in Oxisols and to validate its diagnostic properties for total SOC changes upon changes in land use. Soil samples were taken from the 0\u20135 and 5\u201320\u00a0cm soil layers of native forest vegetation (NV), conventional tillage (CT) and no-tillage (NT) systems at an experimental site near Passo Fundo and one near Londrina in Southern Brazil. After aggregate-size separations by wet-sieving, macroaggregate-occluded water-stable microaggregates (53\u2013250\u00a0\u03bcm) (Mm) were isolated from large (>2000\u00a0\u03bcm) and small (>250\u00a0\u03bcm) macroaggregates. Particulate organic matter located inside the Mm (intra-Mm-POM) and the mineral fraction ( \u22122 ) among different land use systems were always accompanied by parallel Mm-C stock differences. Though total SOC did not differ among land use systems in the 0\u201320\u00a0cm depth at both sites, Mm-C stocks were greater under NT compared to the CT treatment in the 0\u201320\u00a0cm depth at the Londrina site. We concluded that in these highly weathered tropical soils the Mm-C fraction is a more responsive fraction to management changes than total SOC and represents a diagnostic fraction for present as well as potential total SOC changes upon land-use change.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "C sequestration", "No-tillage", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Microaggregates", "Forest", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Oxisols", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.12.024"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.12.024", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.12.024", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.12.024"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.02.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:38Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-03-13", "title": "Nitrogen Fertilization Reduces Diversity And Alters Community Structure Of Active Fungi In Boreal Ecosystems", "description": "Nitrogen (N) availability is increasing in many ecosystems due to anthropogenic disturbance. We used a nucleotide analog technique and sequencing of ribosomal RNA genes to test whether N fertilization altered active fungal communities in two boreal ecosystems. In decaying litter from a recently burned spruce forest, Shannon diversity decreased significantly with N fertilization, and taxonomic richness declined from 44 to 33 operational taxonomic units (OTUs). In soils from a mature spruce forest, richness also declined with N fertilization, from 67 to 52 OTUs. Fungal community structure in litter differed significantly with N fertilization, primarily because fungi of the order Ceratobasidiales increased in abundance. We observed similar changes in fungal diversity and community structure with starch addition to litter, suggesting that N fertilization may affect fungal communities by altering plant carbon inputs. These changes could have important consequences for ecosystem processes such as decomposition and nutrient mineralization.", "keywords": ["ribosomal genes", "0301 basic medicine", "nucleotide analog", "carbon", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "nitrogen", "diversity", "03 medical and health sciences", "fertilization", "litter quality", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "fungi", "boreal forest", "community structure"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt2rs399mh/qt2rs399mh.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.02.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.02.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.02.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.02.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.03.003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:38Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-04-11", "title": "Responses Of Soil Organic Matter And Microorganisms To Freeze-Thaw Cycles", "description": "Abstract   Soil organic matter (SOM) biomarker methods were utilized in this study to investigate the responses of fungi and bacteria to freeze\u2013thaw cycles (FTCs) and to examine freeze\u2013thaw-induced changes in SOM composition and substrate availability. Unamended, grass-amended, and lignin-amended soil samples were subject to 10 laboratory FTCs. Three SOM fractions (free lipids, bound lipids, and lignin-derived phenols) with distinct composition, stability and source were examined with chemolysis and biomarker Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry methods and the soil microbial community composition was monitored by phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis. Soil microbial respiration was also measured before and during freezing and thawing, which was not closely related to microbial biomass in the soil but more strongly controlled by substrate availability and quality. Enhanced microbial mineralization (CO2 flush), considered to be derived from the freeze\u2013thaw-induced release of easily decomposable organic matter from microbial cell lyses, was detected but quickly diminished with successive FTCs. The biomarker distribution demonstrated that free lipids underwent a considerable size of decrease after repeated FTCs, while bound lipids and lignin compounds remained stable. This observation indicates that labile SOM may be most influenced by increased FTCs and that free lipids may contribute indirectly to the freeze\u2013thaw-induced CO2 flush from the soil. PLFA analysis revealed that fungal biomass was greatly reduced while bacteria were unaffected through the lab-simulated FTCs. Microbial community shifts may be caused by freezing stress and competition for freeze\u2013thaw-induced substrate release. This novel finding may have an impact on carbon and nutrient turnover with predicted increases in FTCs in certain areas, because fungi and bacteria have different degradation patterns of SOM and the fungi-dominated soil community is considered to have a higher carbon storage capacity than a bacteria-dominated community.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.03.003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.03.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.03.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.03.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.03.008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:38Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-04-11", "title": "Earthworm Activity As A Determinant For N2o Emission From Crop Residue", "description": "Earthworm activity may have an effect on nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from crop residue. However, the importance of this effect and its main controlling variables are largely unknown. The main objective of this study was to determine under which conditions and to what extent earthworm activity impacts N2O emissions from grass residue. For this purpose we initiated a 90-day (experiment I) and a 50-day (experiment II) laboratory mesocosm experiment using a Typic Fluvaquent pasture soil with silt loam texture. In all treatments, residue was applied, and emissions of NO and carbon dioxide (CO2) were measured. In experiment I the residue was applied on top of the soil surface and we tested (a) the effects of the anecic earthworm species Aporrectodea longa (Ude) vs. the epigeic species Lumbricus rubellus (Hoffmeister) and (b) interactions between earthworm activity and bulk density (1.06 vs. 1.61 g cm(-3)). In experiment II we tested the effect of L. rubellus after residue was artificially incorporated in the soil. In experiment 1, N2O emissions in the presence of earthworms significantly increased from 55.7 to 789.1 mu g N2O-N kg(-1) soil (L. rubellus; p <0.001) or to 227.2 mu g N2O-N kg(-1) soil (A. longa, p <0.05). This effect was not dependent on bulk density. However, if the residue was incorporated into the soil (experiment II) the earthworm effect disappeared and emissions were higher (1064.2 mu g N2O-N kg(-1) soil). At the end of the experiment and after removal of earthworms, a drying/wetting and freezing/thawing cycle resulted in significantly higher emissions of NO and CO2 from soil with prior presence of L. rubellus. Soil with prior presence of L. rubellus also had higher potential denitrification. We conclude that the main effect of earthworm activity on N2O emissions is through mixing residue into the soil, switching residue decomposition from an aerobic and low denitrification pathway to one with significant denitrification and NO production. Furthermore, A. longa activity resulted in more stable soil organic matter than L. rubellus. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "aporrectodea-turgida", "carbon", "octolasion-tyrtaeum", "lumbricus-terrestris", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "denitrification rates", "15. Life on land", "13. Climate action", "nitrous-oxide emission", "soil organic-matter", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "agricultural soils", "denitrifying bacteria", "management"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.03.008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.03.008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.03.008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.03.008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.03.019", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:38Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-04-19", "title": "Earthworm Activity Affects Soil Aggregation And Organic Matter Dynamics According To The Quality And Localization Of Crop Residues - An Experimental Study (Madagascar)", "description": "Abstract   Soil organic matter (SOM) plays a central role in the functioning of ecosystems, and is beneficial from agronomic and from environmental point of view. Alternative cultural systems, like direct seeding mulch-based cropping (DMC) systems, enhance carbon (C) sequestration in agricultural soils and lead to an increase in soil macrofauna. This study aimed at evaluating in field mesocosms the effects of earthworms on SOM dynamics and aggregation, as influenced by residue quality and management.  In the highlands of Madagascar, buckets were filled with 2\u00a0mm-sieved clayey Inceptisol. The effects of earthworm addition (Pontoscolex corethrurus), residue addition (rice, soybean, and no addition), and localization of the residues (mulched or buried) were studied. After 5 months, soil from mesocosms with earthworms had significantly lower C concentration and higher proportion of large water-stable macroaggregates (>2000\u00a0\u03bcm) than those without earthworms, because of the production of large macroaggregates by earthworms. Earthworm effect on soil aggregation was greater with rice than with soybean residues. Casts (extracted from mesocosms with earthworms) were slightly enriched in C and showed significantly higher mineralization than the non-ingested soil (NIS), showing that at the time scale of our study, the carbon contained in the casts was not protected against mineralization. No difference in microbial biomass was found between casts and NIS.  Complementary investigations are necessary to assess long-term effects of earthworm addition on SOM dynamics, the conditions of occurrence of physical protection, and the impact of earthworms on the structure of the microbial community.", "keywords": ["P33 - Chimie et physique du sol", "Pontoscolex corethrurus", "[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "residue management", "microbial biomass", "carbon mineralization", "Carbon mineralization", "Direct seeding mulch-based cropping systems", "Microbial biomass", "Residue management", "P34 - Biologie du sol", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "630", "carbon protection", "13. Climate action", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "Carbon protection", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "direct seeding mulch based cropping systems"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.03.019"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.03.019", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.03.019", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.03.019"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.04.028", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:38Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-05-31", "title": "Long-Term Exposure To Zn-Spiked Sewage Sludge Alters Soil Community Structure", "description": "Abstract   An 8 year study to investigate the effects of Zn-spiked sewage sludge additions on the microbial community structure and microbial processes was carried out in a field soil under pasture. The microbial community structure was evaluated using a combination of multiplex-terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (M-TRFLP) and T-RFLP fingerprinting approaches. Soil respiration, microbial biomass and enzymatic activities were measured as indicators of soil microbial processes. Changes in the microbial community structure, with Zn additions were evident in all the microbial groups investigated (bacteria, fungi, archaea, actinobacteria and rhizobia/agrobacteria). The fungal community showed the greatest response to Zn additions compared to the other microbial communities measured. The relative abundance of several fungal terminal restriction fragments (TRFs) significantly increased in high Zn treated treatments, at the expense of others, some of which were lost from T-RFLP profiles completely. These results indicate that metal-spiked sludge application can have long-lasting impacts on the composition of the microbial community in pasture soils. Despite notable changes in community structure there was no significant long-term impact of Zn-spiked sludge applications on microbial respiration, biomass or enzyme activities.", "keywords": ["sludge", "zinc", "sewage", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "structure", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "microbial community", "multiplex TRFLP", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.04.028"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.04.028", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.04.028", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.04.028"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.04.025", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:38Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-06-05", "title": "Sulphur In Soil And Light Fraction Organic Matter As Influenced By Long-Term Application Of Superphosphate", "description": "Abstract   Numerous studies have examined the role of light fraction (LF) organic matter in soil C and N cycling, but there is no published information on the amounts and nature of S in LF. The objective of this work was to characterize the S composition of LF in soils receiving different inputs of fertilizer S. Soils (0\u20137.5\u00a0cm) were taken from a long-term experiment (1952\u20131999) set up to examine the effects of single superphosphate (SP) (applied at 0, 188, or 376\u00a0kg\u00a0ha \u22121 \u00a0yr \u22121 , which equates to 0, 21, and 42\u00a0kg\u00a0SO 4 -S\u00a0ha \u22121 \u00a0yr \u22121 ) on the productivity of an irrigated, grass-clover pasture grazed by sheep. The S content of LF (separated by flotation on NaI solution with specific gravity 1.7) increased by \u223c20\u201330% in response to SP. The LF was enriched in organic S compared with whole soil (S concentration in LF was \u223c1000\u20131400\u00a0mg\u00a0kg \u22121  vs \u223c400\u2013500\u00a0mg kg \u22121  in whole soil), but LF-S represented only 1.3\u20134.7% of soil S. Most (\u223c88%) of the S in LF was C-bonded, reflecting the dominance of this form of S in organic matter returned to the soil in dung and plant residues. Hydriodic acid (HI) reducible-S accounted for only \u223c12% of LF-S, compared with 28\u201335% of whole soil organic S. Superphosphate tended to increase total soil N, due to improved clover growth. There was a strong positive relationship between total N and C-bonded S in whole soil and LF, whereas soil HI-S and N were not associated. Increases in C-bonded S where SP was applied appeared to be driven mainly by increases in soil N, which in turn were due to improved clover growth in response to phosphate supplied by SP. Increases in HI-S due to SP application were probably a direct response to inputs of S. As LF is a small pool of S, with a relatively wide C:S ratio (\u223c200:1), we concluded that it is unlikely to contribute a significant amount of plant-available S.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.04.025"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.04.025", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.04.025", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.04.025"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.05.008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:38Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-05-31", "title": "Soil Microbial Communities And Extracellular Enzyme Activity In The New Jersey Pinelands", "description": "We have much to learn about the roles of various groups of soil microorganisms in the decomposition of soil organic matter. Any changes in the type or amount of organic matter entering the soil, due to increasing atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition and elevated carbon dioxide, could directly affect soil microbial community structure or the decompositional functions performed by the various microbial groups. We experimentally altered soil microbial communities using a factorial combination of trenching and in-growth bags crossed with fertilization treatments consisting of two forms of inorganic N and three N-containing organic molecules of increasing molecular weight and complexity. We tested three hypotheses: (1) Different components of soil microbial communities change in different ways following the application of fertilization treatments; (2) soil fungi decrease with increased inorganic N but increase following the application of organic molecules; and (3) activity of the extracellular enzymes peroxidase and phenol oxidase, which are important in lignin degradation, decrease following the addition of inorganic N. We found that the abundance of soil microbes and their composition (measured by lipid analysis) was significantly altered following the addition of glutamic acid, but not with inorganic N or more complex N-containing organic molecules. Lipids indicative of ectomycorrhizal fungi experienced the greatest increase in abundance. Extracellular enzyme activity, in contrast, changed very little and did not parallel changes in the structure of the soil microbial community that resulted from the isolation treatments. We conclude that small additions of N-containing organic compounds can cause changes in the structure of the soil microbial community but that community changes do not necessarily have an impact on extracellular enzyme activity.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.05.008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.05.008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.05.008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.05.008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.08.023", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:39Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-11-06", "title": "Direct And Indirect Effects Of Nitrogen Deposition On Litter Decomposition", "description": "Elevated nitrogen (N) deposition can affect litter decomposition directly, by raising soil N availability and the quantity and quality of litter inputs, and indirectly by altering plant community composition. We investigated the importance of these controls on litter decomposition using litter bags placed in annual herb based microcosm ecosystems that had been subject to two rates of N deposition (which raised soil inorganic N availability and stimulated litter inputs) and two planting regimes, namely the plant species compositions of low and high N deposition environments. In each microcosm, we harvested litter bags of 10 annual plant species, over an 8-week period, to determine mass loss from decomposition. Our data showed that species differed greatly in their decomposability, but that these differences were unlikely to affect decomposition at the ecosystem level because there was no correlation between a species\u2019 decomposability and its response to N deposition (measured as population seed production under high N, relative to low N, deposition). Litter mass loss was 2% greater in high N deposition microcosms. Using a comprehensive set of measurements of the microcosm soil environments, we found that the most statistically likely explanation for this effect was increased soil enzyme activity (cellobiosidase, \u03b2-glucosidase and \u03b2-xylosidase), which appears to have occurred in response to a combination of raised soil inorganic N availability and stimulated litter inputs. Our data indicate that direct effects of N deposition on litter input and soil N availability significantly affected decomposition but indirect effects did not. We argue that indirect effects of changes to plant species composition could be stronger in natural ecosystems, which often contain a greater diversity of plant functional types than those considered here.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "570", "Litter decomposition", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Nitrogen deposition", "630", "Plant species composition", "C:N ratio", "13. Climate action", "Decomposer community", "PLFA", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Soil enzyme activities"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.08.023"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.08.023", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.08.023", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.08.023"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.05.028", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:38Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-07-03", "title": "Endogeic Earthworms Alter Carbon Translocation By Fungi At The Soil-Litter Interface", "description": "Abstract   The effect of endogeic earthworms ( Octolasion tyrtaeum  (Savigny)) on the translocation of litter-derived carbon into the upper layer of a mineral soil by fungi was investigated in a microcosm experiment. Arable soil with and without  O. tyrtaeum  was incubated with  13 C/ 15 N-labelled rye leaves placed on plastic rings with gaze (64\u00a0\u03bcm mesh size) to avoid incorporation of leaves by earthworms. The plastic rings were positioned either on or 3\u00a0cm above the soil surface, to distinguish between biotic and chemical/physical translocation of nutrients by fungi and leaching.  Contact of leaves to the soil increased  13 C translocation, whereas presence of  O. tyrtaeum  reduced the incorporation of  13 C into the mineral soil in all treatments. Although biomass of  O. tyrtaeum  decreased during the experiment, more  13 C and  15 N was incorporated into earthworm tissue in treatments with contact of leaves to the soil. Contact of leaves to the soil and the presence of  O. tyrtaeum  increased cumulative  13 CO 2 -C production by 18.2% and 14.1%, respectively.  The concentration of the fungal bio-indicator ergosterol in the soil tended to be increased and that of the fungal-specific phospholipid fatty acid 18:2 \u03c9 6 was significantly increased in treatments with contact of leaves to the soil. Earthworms reduced the concentration of ergosterol and 18:2 \u03c9 6 in the soil by 14.0% and 43.2%, respectively. Total bacterial PLFAs in soil were also reduced in presence of  O. tyrtaeum , but did not respond to the addition of the rye leaves. In addition, the bacterial community in treatments with  O. tyrtaeum  differed from that without earthworms and shifted towards an increased dominance of Gram-negative bacteria.  The results indicate that litter-decomposing fungi translocate litter-derived carbon via their mycelial network in to the upper mineral soil. Endogeic earthworms decrease fungal biomass by grazing and disruption of fungal hyphae thereby counteracting the fungal-mediated translocation of carbon in soils.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.05.028"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.05.028", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.05.028", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.05.028"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.05.031", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:38Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-07-05", "title": "Soil Microbial Biomass, Dehydrogenase Activity, Bacterial Community Structure In Response To Long-Term Fertilizer Management", "description": "This study describes the effects of balanced versus nutrient-deficiency fertilization on soil microbial biomass, activity, and bacterial community structure in a long-term (16 years) field experiment. Long-term fertilization greatly increased soil microbial biomass C and dehydrogenase activity, except that the P-deficiency fertilization had no significant effect. Organic manure had a significantly greater (P<0.05) impact on the biomass C and the activity, compared with mineral fertilizers. Microbial metabolic activity (dehydrogenase activity per microbial biomass C) was significantly higher (P<0.05) under balanced fertilization than under nutrient-deficiency fertilization. General bacterial community structure was analyzed by PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) targeting eubacterial 16S rRNA gene. Mineral fertilization did not affect the DGGE banding pattern, while specific DGGE band was observed in organic manure-fertilized soils. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the change of bacterial community in organic manure-fertilized soil might not be because of the direct influence of the bacteria in the compost, but because of the promoting effect of the compost on the growth of an indigenous Bacillus sp. in the soil. We emphasize the importance of balanced-fertilization, as well as the role of P, in maintaining soil organic matter, and promoting the biomass and activity of microorganisms.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.05.031"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.05.031", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.05.031", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.05.031"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.07.016", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:38Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-08-22", "title": "The Influence Of Soluble Carbon And Fertilizer Nitrogen On Nitric Oxide And Nitrous Oxide Emissions From Two Contrasting Agricultural Soils", "description": "Contradictory effects of simultaneous available organic C and N sources on nitrous oxide (N2O), carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitric oxide (NO) fluxes are reported in the literature. In order to clarify this controversy, laboratory experiments were conduced on two different soils, a semiarid arable soil from Spain (soil I, pH=7.5, 0.8%C) and a grassland soil from Scotland (soil II, pH=5.5, 4.1%C). Soils were incubated at two different moisture contents, at a water filled pore space (WFPS) of 90% and 40%. Ammonium sulphate, added at rates equivalent to 200 and 50 kg N ha\u22121, stimulated N2O and NO emissions in both soils. Under wet conditions (90% WFPS), at high and low rates of N additions, cumulative N2O emissions increased by 250.7 and 8.1 ng N2O\u2013N g\u22121 in comparison to the control, respectively, in soil I and by 472.2 and 2.1 ng N2O\u2013N g\u22121, respectively, in soil II. NO emissions only significantly increased in soil I at the high N application rate with and without glucose addition and at both 40% and 90% WFPS. In both soils additions of glucose together with the high N application rate (200 kg N ha\u22121) reduced cumulative N2O and NO emissions by 94% and 55% in soil I, and by 46% and 66% in soil II, respectively. These differences can be explained by differences in soil properties, including pH, soil mineral N and total and dissolved organic carbon content. It is speculated that nitrifier denitrification was the main source of NO and N2O in the C-poor Spanish soil, and coupled nitrification\u2013denitrification in the C-rich Scottish soil.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "mitigation", "mineral N", "nitrous oxide", "nitric oxide", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "glucose", "soil moisture", "15. Life on land", "soil respiration", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.07.016"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.07.016", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.07.016", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.07.016"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2006.08.008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:54Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-09-28", "title": "Effect Of The Conversion Of Grassland To Spring Wheat Field On The Co2 Emission Characteristics In Inner Mongolia, China", "description": "Chinese grasslands have undergone great changes in land use in recent decades. Approximately 18.2% of the present arable land in China originated from the cultivation of grassland, but its impact on the carbon cycle has not been fully understood. This study wasconducted insitu for3yearstoassessthecomprehensive effects ofcultivationof temperatesteppe onsoilorganiccarbon(SOC) and soil respiration rates as well as ecosystem respiration. As compared with those in the Stipa baicalensis steppe, the SOC concentrations at depths of 0\u201010 and 10\u201020 cm in the spring wheat field were found to have decreased by 38.3 and 17.4% respectively from 29.5 and 21.9 g kg \ufffd 1 to 18.2 and 18.1 g kg \ufffd 1 after a cultivation period of 30 years. Accordingly, the total amounts of soil respiration through the growing season (from April to September) in 2002, 2003 and 2004 were 265.2, 282.2 and 237.4 g C m \ufffd 2 respectivelyinthespringwheatfield,whichwereslightly lowerthanthevaluesof342.2,412.0and312.1 g C m \ufffd 2 in the S. baicalensis steppe, while ecosystem respiration of 690.9, 991.2 and 569.6 g C m \ufffd 2 respectively in the spring wheat field were markedly higher than those of 447.0, 470.9 and 429.7 g C m \ufffd 2 in the steppe plot. Similar seasonal variations of ecosystem respiration and soil respiration existed in both sample sites. Respiration rates were higher and greater differences existed in both ecosystem respiration and soil respiration during the exuberant growth stage of plants (from mid-June to mid-August). However, in the slower-growth period of the growing season (before late May and after late August), the CO2 effluxes of the two sample sites were similar and remained at a relatively low level. The results also showed that ecosystem respiration and soil respiration were under similar environmental controls in both sample sites. Soil water content at a depth of 0\u201010 cm and soil temperatures at 5 and 10 cmwere themain factors affectingthevariations in ecosystemrespiration and soil respirationrates indroughty yearsof 2002and 2004 and in the rainy 2003, respectively. This study suggests that the conversion of the grassland to the spring wheat field has increased the carbon loss of the whole ecosystem due to the change of vegetation cover type and significantly reduced the carbon storage of surface soil. In addition, the tillage of grassland had different effects on ecosystem respiration and soil respiration. The effects were also dissimilar in different growthstages, which should be fully considered when assessing and predicting the effects of cultivation on the net CO2 balance of grassland ecosystems. # 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Manfred Domroes, Jiyuan Liu, Yunshe Dong, Yunshe Dong, Xing-Ren Liu, Yuanbo Geng, Yuchun Qi, Li-xin Liu, Xiao-hong Yang,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2006.08.008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2006.08.008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2006.08.008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2006.08.008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.08.015", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:38Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-09-25", "title": "Nitrogen And Phosphorus Limitation Of Soil Microbial Respiration In Two Tropical Agroforestry Parklands In The South-Sudanese Zone Of Burkina Faso: The Effects Of Tree Canopy And Fertilization", "description": "We studied nutrient limitation and availability for soil microbial respiration after additions of glucose (C), in combination with nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in soil samples taken from parklands of Vitellaria paradoxa and Faidherbia albida. We hypothesized that in these P-fixing soils: (i) after C addition, respiration will be limited by P, but P-limitation will be lower under tree canopies; and (ii) the maximum respiration rates after adding C will be higher with than without applications of inorganic fertilizer (NPK) in the field. The study site was located in the south-Sudanese zone of Burkina Faso. Microbial respiration was measured as CO2 evolution from soil samples incubated under laboratory conditions. Two microbial growth peaks were observed after addition of C plus P to the soil samples. When P was added together with C, the initial increase in the microbial respiration rate was higher than when N and C were added, and the maximum respiration rate was also reached earlier. We conclude that P limited the initial rate of respiration. Under the tree canopy the P and N availability, was higher under both F. albida and V. paradoxa trees, than in areas beyond their canopies. NPK fertilization in the field resulted in higher soil reserves of N and P, but these nutrients had low availability in the short term. Results indicated that more P is available in forms that are immediately accessible to microorganisms under tree canopies, than outside the cover of their canopies.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.08.015"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.08.015", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.08.015", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.08.015"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.08.021", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:39Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-11-09", "title": "Observed And Modelled Soil Carbon And Nitrogen Changes After Planting A Pinus Radiata Stand Onto Former Pasture", "description": "Abstract   After reforesting pasture land, it is often observed that soil carbon stocks decrease. The present work reports findings from a site near Canberra, Australia, where a pine forest (Pinus radiata) was planted onto a former unimproved pasture site. We report a number of detailed observations seeking to understand the basis of the decline in soil C stocks. This is supported by simulations using the whole-ecosystem carbon and nitrogen cycling model CenW 3.1. The model indicated that over the first 18 years after forest establishment, the site lost about 5.5\u00a0t\u00a0C\u00a0ha\u22121 and 588\u00a0kgN\u00a0ha\u22121 from the soil. The C:N ratio of soil organic matter did not change in a systematic manner over the observational period. Carbon and nitrogen stocks contained in the biomass of the 18-year old pine stand exceeded that of the pasture by 88\u00a0t\u00a0C\u00a0ha\u22121 and 393\u00a0kgN\u00a0ha\u22121. An additional 6.1\u00a0t\u00a0C\u00a0ha\u22121 and 110\u00a0kgN\u00a0ha\u22121 accumulated in above-ground litter. These changes, together with the vertical distribution of carbon and nitrogen in the soil, agreed well with the observation at the site. It was assumed that over 18 years, there was also a loss of 86\u00a0kgN\u00a0ha\u22121 from the ecosystem because of normal gaseous losses during nitrogen turn-over and a small amount of nitrogen leaching. Those losses could not be replenished in the pine system without symbiotic biological nitrogen fixation, and there were no fertiliser additions. A simple mass balance approach indicated that the amount of nitrogen accumulating in plant biomass and the litter layer plus the assumed nitrogen loss from the site matched the amount of nitrogen lost from the soil organic nitrogen pool. This reduction in soil nitrogen, together with an unchanged C:N ratio, provided a simple and internally consistent explanation for the observed reduction of soil carbon after reforestation. It supports the general notion that trends in soil carbon upon land-use change can often be controlled by the possible fates of available soil nitrogen.", "keywords": ["550", "Nitrogen", "CenW", "Reforesting pasture lands", "910", "Carbon inorganic compounds", "01 natural sciences", "Ecosystems", "Nitrogen compounds", "C:N ratio", "Nitrogen fixation", "Pasture", "Biomass", "Reforestation", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "Keywords: Biological materials", "Pinus radiata", "Nitrogen cycling models", "modeling", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "carbon sequestration", "Soil carbon", "Pine", "coniferous tree", "Pine forest", "Soils", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Model"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Roger M. Gifford, LanBin Guo, Miko U. F. Kirschbaum, Miko U. F. Kirschbaum,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/61078/5/Kirschbaum_Observed_and_modelled_soil_carbon.pdf.jpg"}, {"href": "https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/61078/7/01_Kirschbaum_Observed_and_modelled_soil_2008.pdf.jpg"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.08.021"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.08.021", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.08.021", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.08.021"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.09.015", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:39Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-11-09", "title": "Changes In Chemical And Biochemical Soil Properties Induced By 11-Yr Repeated Additions Of Different Organic Materials In Maize-Based Forage Systems", "description": "Abstract   The repeated addition of organic materials to the soil greatly affects the physical, chemical and biological characteristics. In the present work, we analyzed changes in soil quality properties of the tilled layer caused by different agronomic managements of maize which supply different amounts of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) through the addition of slurry, farmyard manure or plant residues. The agronomic history of the analyzed soils, which derived from a medium-term (11\u00a0yr) field experiment located in NW Italy, represents typical managements of maize for this region. The area is characterized by highly intensive agriculture, with consequent risks to soil degradation that could be limited by the efficient utilization of organic inputs and by recycling within cropping systems, the large amounts of manure that are produced from the many animal breeding farms in this region. We used a combination of both different chemical (soil organic C and total N) and biochemical indicators (potential soil respiration, potentially mineralizable N (PMN) and potential soil microbial biomass (SMB)). We considered the suitability of the selected biochemical indicators to describe the changes in soil characteristics resulting from the past management.  The results showed that the application of the different organic materials, in addition to urea-N fertilizer, increased SOM contents and altered the selected soil biochemical properties compared with the unfertilized treatment, especially in the upper 15\u00a0cm of the 0\u221230\u00a0cm tilled soil layer. Farmyard manure applications caused the greatest increase in SOM content, PMN and potential SMB, whilst return of maize straw produced the largest increase in potential soil respiration, but had less effect on total soil organic C and SMB. The use of slurry only caused a moderate increase in SOM and showed intermediate changes in biochemical properties. Also, the rate of C accumulation in the soil per unit of C applied was higher for farmyard manure application than for slurry and straw incorporation in the soil. Fertilization with only mineral N did not induce an increase in Corg and Ntot and even reduces soil N mineralization potential.  Because of the high variability in the data, potential SMB carbon could be considered as a less successful indicator for differentiating between past agronomic histories and effects on soil quality, whilst microbial activity (measured by potential soil respiration) and PMN, gave a more reliable and useful indication of the amount of easily decomposable organic carbon.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.09.015"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.09.015", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.09.015", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.09.015"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.11.013", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:39Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-12-19", "title": "Earthworms, Soil Mineral Nitrogen And Forage Production In Grass-Based Hayfields", "description": "Abstract   This study was designed to address how earthworm activity influences soil mineral nitrogen (N), plant N uptake and forage yield in grass-based hayfields. Earthworm populations were reduced by applying carbaryl pesticide to the experimental field plots every 2-weeks, effectively eliminating the earthworms for up to 12-weeks from May to August. Grass yields and tissue N concentrations were measured every 2 weeks, and the soil mineral N concentration determined at the final harvest. Reducing earthworm populations for up to 12-weeks did not affect grass yield or N uptake. However, regression analysis showed that plots with undisturbed earthworm populations had higher soil N by 0.8\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha \u22121  per week, representing mineralization of about 10\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha \u22121  during the 12-week study. This was a fraction of the fertilizer N recommendation (75\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha \u22121 ) for grass-based hayfields in this region. Therefore, the increase in soil mineral N from earthworm activity was small, relative to the N requirements of the hayfield.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.11.013"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.11.013", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.11.013", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.11.013"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2006.08.010", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:54Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-09-23", "title": "Soil Biochemical Response To Long-Term Conservation Tillage Under Semi-Arid Mediterranean Conditions", "description": "Open AccessCICYT Projects (AGL2004-03684/AGR and AGL2005-02423), and Andalusian Autonomous Government (Junta de Andalucia, AGR 151 Group) supported these works.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Soil organic matter", "Enzymatic activities", "Microbial biomass", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Soil quality", "Carbon", "6. Clean water", "Tillage"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Madej\u00f3n, Engracia, Moreno Lucas, F\u00e9lix, Murillo Carpio, Jos\u00e9 Manuel, Pelegr\u00edn, Francisco,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2006.08.010"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2006.08.010", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2006.08.010", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2006.08.010"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.10.003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:39Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-11-27", "title": "Water- And Plant-Mediated Responses Of Soil Respiration To Topography, Fire, And Nitrogen Fertilization In A Semiarid Grassland In Northern China", "description": "Soil respiration is one of the major carbon (C) fluxes between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere and plays an important role in regulating the responses of ecosystem and global C cycling to natural and anthropogenic perturbations. A field experiment was conducted between April 2005 and October 2006 in a semiarid grassland in northern China to examine effects of topography, fire, nitrogen (N) fertilization, and their potential interactions on soil respiration. Mean soil respiration was 6.0% higher in the lower than upper slope over the 2 growing seasons. Annual burning in early spring caused constant increases in soil respiration (23.8%) over the two growing seasons. In addition, fire effects on soil respiration varied with both season and topographic position. Soil respiration in the fertilized plots was 11.4% greater than that in the unfertilized plots. Water- and plant-mediation could be primarily responsible for the changes in soil respiration with topography and after fire whereas the positive responses of soil respiration to N fertilization were attributable to stimulated plant growth, root activity and respiration. The different mechanisms by which topography, fire, and N fertilization influence soil respiration identified in this study will facilitate the simulation and projection of ecosystem C cycling in the semiarid grassland in northern China.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.10.003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.10.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.10.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.10.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Ge&offset=3850&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Ge&offset=3850&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "prev", "title": "items (prev)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Ge&offset=3800", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "next", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (next)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Ge&offset=3900", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 16588, "numberReturned": 50, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-04-04T08:18:51.929709Z"}