{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1007/s00122-021-03815-0", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-29T16:14:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-03-25", "title": "Genomic prediction models trained with historical records enable populating the German ex situ genebank bio-digital resource center of barley (Hordeum\u00a0sp.) with information on resistances to soilborne barley mosaic viruses", "description": "Abstract                 Key message                 <p>Genomic prediction with special weight of major genes is a valuable tool to populate bio-digital resource centers.</p>                                Abstract                 <p>Phenotypic information of crop genetic resources is a prerequisite for an informed selection that aims to broaden the genetic base of the elite breeding pools. We investigated the potential of genomic prediction based on historical screening data of plant responses against the Barley yellow mosaic viruses for populating the bio-digital resource center of barley. Our study includes dense marker data for 3838 accessions of winter barley, and historical screening data of 1751 accessions for Barley yellow mosaic virus (BaYMV) and of 1771 accessions for Barley mild mosaic virus (BaMMV). Linear mixed models were fitted by considering combinations for the effects of genotypes, years, and locations. The best linear unbiased estimations displayed a broad spectrum of plant responses against BaYMV and BaMMV. Prediction abilities, computed as correlations between predictions and observed phenotypes of accessions, were low for the marker-assisted selection approach amounting to 0.42. In contrast, prediction abilities of genomic best linear unbiased predictions were high, with values of 0.62 for BaYMV and 0.64 for BaMMV. Prediction abilities of genomic prediction were improved by up to\uffe2\uff80\uff89~\uffe2\uff80\uff895% using W-BLUP, in which more weight is given to markers with significant major effects found by association mapping. Our results outline the utility of historical screening data and W-BLUP model to predict the performance of the non-phenotyped individuals in genebank collections. The presented strategy can be considered as part of the different approaches used in genebank genomics to valorize genetic resources for their usage in disease resistance breeding and research.</p>", "keywords": ["Genetic Markers", "0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "0303 health sciences", "Genotype", "Chromosome Mapping", "Genetic Variation", "Hordeum", "Genomics", "Potyviridae", "Linkage Disequilibrium", "Plant Breeding", "03 medical and health sciences", "Phenotype", "Databases", " Genetic", "Original Article", "Genetic Association Studies", "Disease Resistance", "Plant Diseases"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00122-021-03815-0.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-021-03815-0"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Theoretical%20and%20Applied%20Genetics", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00122-021-03815-0", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00122-021-03815-0", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00122-021-03815-0"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-03-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00425-024-04556-2", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-29T16:14:38Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-10-23", "title": "Root exudation patterns of contrasting rice (Oryza sativa L.) lines in response to P limitation", "description": "Abstract                 Main conclusion                 <p>Rice exudation patterns changed in response to P deficiency. Higher exudation rates were associated with lower biomass production. Total carboxylate exudation rates mostly decreased under P-limiting conditions.</p>                                Abstract                 <p>Within the rhizosphere, root exudates are believed to play an important role in plant phosphorus (P) acquisition. This could be particularly beneficial in upland rice production where P is often limited. However, knowledge gaps remain on how P deficiency shapes quality and quantity of root exudation in upland rice genotypes. We therefore investigated growth, plant P uptake, and root exudation patterns of two rice genotypes differing in P efficiency in semi-hydroponics at two P levels (low P\uffe2\uff80\uff89=\uffe2\uff80\uff891\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb5M, adequate P\uffe2\uff80\uff89=\uffe2\uff80\uff89100\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb5M). Root exudates were collected hydroponically 28 and 40\uffc2\uffa0days after germination to analyze total carbon (C), carbohydrates, amino acids, phenolic compounds spectrophotometrically and carboxylates using a targeted LC\uffe2\uff80\uff93MS approach. Despite their reported role in P solubilization, we observed that carboxylate exudation rates per unit root surface area were not increased under P deficiency. In contrast, exudation rates of total C, carbohydrates, amino acids and phenolics were mostly enhanced in response to low P supply. Overall, higher exudation rates were associated with lower biomass production in the P-inefficient genotype Nerica4, whereas the larger root system with lower C investment (per unit root surface area) in root exudates of the P-efficient DJ123 allowed for better plant growth under P deficiency. Our results reveal new insights into genotype-specific resource allocation in rice under P-limiting conditions that warrant follow-up research including more genotypes.</p>", "keywords": ["Genotype", "Hydroponics", "carbohydrates ; phenolics ; amino acids ; carboxylates ; phosphorus", "Plant Exudates", "Rhizosphere", "Original Article", "Oryza", "Phosphorus", "Biomass", "Amino Acids", "Plant Roots", "Carbon"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Henning Schwalm, Christiana Staudinger, Mohammad-Reza Hajirezaei, Eva Mundschenk, Alireza Golestanifard, Maire Holz, Matthias Wissuwa, Eva Oburger,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-024-04556-2"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Planta", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00425-024-04556-2", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00425-024-04556-2", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00425-024-04556-2"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-10-23T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-005-3864-1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-29T16:14:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-11-16", "title": "Effect Of Drought And Weed Management On Maize Genotypes And The Tensiometric Soil Water Content Of An Eutric Nitisol In South Western Nigeria", "description": "In the dry savannas of West and Central Africa, where low soil fertility, unpredictable rainfall, weed competition and recurrent drought are major constraints to maize production, the development of tropical maize genotypes with high and stable yields under drought and low-nitrogen condition is very important since access to these improved genotypes may be the only affordable alternative to many small scale farmers. Field trials were conducted in 2002 and 2003\u00a0at Ikenne southwestern Nigeria to investigate the effect of weed pressures and drought stress on 2 maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids (9134-14, 9803-9) and 2 open-pollinated varieties (STREVIWD, IYFDCO1). Irrigation was withdrawn 4 weeks after planting (about four weeks to mid-flowering) in the drought stress while the adjacent watered treatment had irrigation throughout the growing period. The weed pressures were the completely weeded plots (hand weeding every week) and weedy plots (weeded once, 2 weeks after planting). The experiment was a split plot in a randomized complete block design with four replicates. Drought stress reduced the stover weight and grain yield of the maize cultivars by 6% and 34% respectively. Weed-free plots had maize with higher agronomic traits than unweeded treatments. Hybrid 9803-9 was more susceptible to drought and weed stress as indicated in the stover weight and grain yield. STREVIWD an open-pollinated variety (OPV) and Hybrid 9134-14 had superior performances in terms of grain yield and shorter anthesis silking interval. Soil moisture content was higher in the unweeded plots while the uptake of moisture was highest in drought susceptible hybrid 9803-9. Irrespective of the genotypes, maize (hybrid and OPV) was more tolerant to drought in a weed-free environment than in unweeded conditions. There existed a negative but significant correlation between weed biomass and chlorophyll content (\u22120.29, P < 0.01), grain yield (\u22120.45, P < 0.05), ear plant\u22121 (\u22120.27, P < 0.05) and kernel-number (\u22120.366 P < 0.01).", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "eutric nitisol", "weeded plots", "nutrient", "drought stress", "maize genotypes", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "weed management"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-005-3864-1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-005-3864-1", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-005-3864-1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-005-3864-1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.biombioe.2007.06.002", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-29T16:15:48Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-07-13", "title": "Soil Carbon, After 3 Years, Under Short-Rotation Woody Crops Grown Under Varying Nutrient And Water Availability", "description": "Soil carbon contents were measured on a short-rotation woody crop study located on the US Department of Energy's Savannah River Site outside Aiken, SC. This study included fertilization and irrigation treatments on five tree genotypes (sweetgum, loblolly pine, sycamore and two eastern cottonwood clones). Prior to study installation, the previous pine stand was harvested and the remaining slash and stumps were pulverized and incorporated 30 cm into the soil. One year after harvest soil carbon levels were consistent with pre-harvest levels but dropped in the third year below pre-harvest levels. Tillage increased soil carbon contents, after three years, as compared with adjacent plots that were not part of the study but where harvested, but not tilled, at the same time. When the soil response to the individual treatments for each genotype was examined, one cottonwood clone (ST66), when irrigated and fertilized, had higher total soil carbon and mineral associated carbon in the upper 30 cm compared with the other tree genotypes. This suggests that root development in ST66 may have been stimulated by the irrigation plus fertilization treatment.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Genotype", "Sycamores", "Soil Carbon", "Crops", "Availability", "Short-Rotation Woody Crops", "Nutrients", "Water Short-Rotation Woody Crops", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Carbon", "6. Clean water", "Cottonwoods", "Trees", "Stabilized Carbon", "60 Applied Life Sciences", "Fertilization", "Soils", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Pines", "Irrigation"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2007.06.002"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biomass%20and%20Bioenergy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.biombioe.2007.06.002", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.biombioe.2007.06.002", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.biombioe.2007.06.002"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111896", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-29T16:16:45Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-10-12", "title": "Maize (Zea mays L.) root exudation profiles change in quality and quantity during plant development \u2013 A field study", "description": "Deciphering root exudate composition of soil-grown plants is considered a crucial step to better understand plant\u2013soil\u2013microbe interactions affecting plant growth performance. In this study, two genotypes of Zea mays L. (WT, rth3) differing in root hair elongation were grown in the field in two substrates (sand, loam) in custom-made, perforated columns inserted into the field plots. Root exudates were collected at different plant developmental stages (BBCH 14, 19, 59, 83) using a soil-hydroponic-hybrid exudation sampling approach. Exudates were characterized by LC-MS based non-targeted metabolomics, as well as by photometric assays targeting total dissolved organic carbon, soluble carbohydrates, proteins, amino acids, and phenolics. Results showed that plant developmental stage was the main driver shaping both the composition and quantity of exuded compounds. Carbon (C) exudation per plant increased with increasing biomass production over time, while C exudation rate per cm\u00b2 root surface area h\u22121 decreased with plant maturity. Furthermore, exudation rates were higher in the substrate with lower nutrient mobility (i.e., loam). Surprisingly, we observed higher exudation rates in the root hairless rth3 mutant compared to the root hair-forming WT sibling, though exudate metabolite composition remained similar. Our results highlight the impact of plant developmental stage on the plant\u2013soil\u2013microbe interplay.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "580", "Soil", "Genotype", "Metabolomics", "ddc:580", "15. Life on land", "Zea mays", "Plant Roots", "630", "Carbon"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111896"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111896", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111896", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111896"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1093/treephys/tps029", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-29T16:18:32Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-04-13", "title": "Physiological Response To Drought In Radiata Pine: Phytohormone Implication At Leaf Level", "description": "Pinus radiata D. Don is one of the most abundant species in the north of Spain. Knowledge of drought response mechanisms is essential to guarantee plantation survival under reduced water supply as predicted in the future. Tolerance mechanisms are being studied in breeding programs, because information on such mechanisms can be used for genotype selection. In this paper, we analyze the changes of leaf water potential, hydraulic conductance (K(leaf)), stomatal conductance and phytohormones under drought in P. radiata breeds (O1, O2, O3, O4, O5 and O6) from different climatology areas, hypothesizing that they could show variable drought tolerance. As a primary signal, drought decreased cytokinin (zeatin and zeatin riboside-Z\u2009+\u2009ZR) levels in needles parallel to K(leaf) and gas exchange. When Z\u2009+\u2009ZR decreased by 65%, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and abscisic acid (ABA) accumulation started as a second signal and increments were higher for IAA than for ABA. When plants decreased by 80%, Z\u2009+\u2009ZR and K(leaf) doubled their ABA and IAA levels, the photosystem II yield decreased and the electrolyte leakage increased. At the end of the drought period, less tolerant breeds increased IAA over 10-fold compared with controls. External damage also induced jasmonic acid accumulation in all breeds except in O5 (P. radiata var. radiata\u2009\u00d7\u2009var. cedrosensis), which accumulated salicylic acid as a defense mechanism. After rewatering, only the most tolerant plants recovered their K(leaf,) perhaps due to an IAA decrease and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid maintenance. From all phytohormones, IAA was the most representative 'water deficit signal' in P. radiata.", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "Genotype", "Indoleacetic Acids", "Climate", "Amino Acids", " Cyclic", "Photosystem II Protein Complex", "Cyclopentanes", "Breeding", "15. Life on land", "Pinus", "Adaptation", " Physiological", "6. Clean water", "Droughts", "Plant Leaves", "Electrolytes", "Isopentenyladenosine", "03 medical and health sciences", "Plant Growth Regulators", "Plant Stomata", "Oxylipins", "Photosynthesis", "Salicylic Acid", "Abscisic Acid", "Signal Transduction"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tps029"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Tree%20Physiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1093/treephys/tps029", "name": "item", "description": "10.1093/treephys/tps029", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1093/treephys/tps029"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1038/s41598-020-60366-y", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-29T16:17:52Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-02-25", "title": "Engineering Meteorological Features to Select Stress Tolerant Hybrids in Maize", "description": "Abstract<p>In this study we used meteorological parameters and predictive modelling interpreted by model explanation to develop stress metrics that indicate the presence of drought and heat stress at the specific environment. We started from the extreme temperature and precipitation indices, modified some of them and introduced additional drought indices relevant to the analysis. Based on maize\uffe2\uff80\uff99s sensitivity to stress, the growing season was divided into four stages. The features were calculated throughout the growing season and split in two groups, one for the drought and the other for heat stress. Generated meteorological features were combined with soil features and fed to random forest regression model for the yield prediction. Model explanation gave us the contribution of features to yield decrease, from which we estimated total amount of stress at the environments, which represents new environmental index. Using this index we ranked the environments according to the level of stress. More than 2400 hybrids were tested across the environments where they were grown and based on the yield stability they were marked as either tolerant or susceptible to heat, drought or combined heat and drought stress. Presented methodology and results were produced within the Syngenta Crop Challenge 2019.</p", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "0303 health sciences", "Genotype", "Acclimatization", "environmental index", "15. Life on land", "maize", "Models", " Biological", "Zea mays", "Article", "Crop Production", "6. Clean water", "model explanation", "Plant Leaves", "03 medical and health sciences", "Meteorology", "13. Climate action", "drought and heat stress", "Hybridization", " Genetic", "Heat-Shock Response", "random forest regressor"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-60366-y.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-60366-y"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Scientific%20Reports", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1038/s41598-020-60366-y", "name": "item", "description": "10.1038/s41598-020-60366-y", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1038/s41598-020-60366-y"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-02-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1080/15592324.2018.1464855", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-29T16:18:23Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-04-27", "title": "Not only priming: Soil microbiota may protect tomato from root pathogens", "description": "An increasing number of studies have investigated soil microbial biodiversity. However, the mechanisms regulating plant responses to soil microbiota are largely unknown. A previous work tested the hypothesis that tomato plants grown on native soils with their complex microbiotas respond differently from tomato growing in a sterile substrate. Two soils, suppressive or conducive to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FOL), and two genotypes susceptible and resistant to the same pathogen were considered. The work highlighted that the two tested soil microbiotas, irrespectively of their taxonomic composition, elicit the PAMP-triggered Immunity Pathway, the first level of plant defence, as well as an increased lignin synthesis, leading to an active protection when FOL is present in the soil. Here, we tested the expression of a panel of genes involved in Effector-Triggered Immunity (ETI), demonstrating that soil microbiota, beside genotype, affects plant resistance to FOL also modulating this pathway.", "keywords": ["suppressive and conducive soils", "susceptible and resistant genotypes", "0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "0303 health sciences", "defence responses; Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici; arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi; gene expression; lignin biosynthesis; microbiota; suppressive and conducive soils; susceptible and resistant genotypes; tomato; Plant Science", "arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi", "tomato", "15. Life on land", "defence responses", "03 medical and health sciences", "Fusarium", "Solanum lycopersicum", "microbiota", "gene expression", "Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici", "lignin biosynthesis", "Soil Microbiology", "Plant Diseases"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://iris.unito.it/bitstream/2318/1677702/2/Chialva_et_al_2018_PostPrint.pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/15592324.2018.1464855"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1080/15592324.2018.1464855"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20Signaling%20%26amp%3B%20Behavior", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1080/15592324.2018.1464855", "name": "item", "description": "10.1080/15592324.2018.1464855", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1080/15592324.2018.1464855"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-04-27T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1093/jxb/ern288", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-29T16:18:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-12-03", "title": "Genotypic Variation In Rice Yield Enhancement By Elevated Co2 Relates To Growth Before Heading, And Not To Maturity Group", "description": "Maturity group (based on the number of days to maturity) is an important growth trait for determining crop productivity, but there has been no attempt to examine the effects of elevated [CO(2)] on yield enhancement of rice cultivars with different maturity groups. Since early-maturing cultivars generally show higher plant N concentration than late-maturing cultivars, it is hypothesized that [CO(2)]-induced yield enhancement might be larger for early-maturing cultivars than late-maturing cultivars. To test this hypothesis, the effects of elevated [CO(2)] on yield components, biomass, N uptake, and leaf photosynthesis of cultivars with different maturity groups were examined for 2 years using a free-air CO(2) enrichment (FACE). Elevated [CO(2)] significantly increased grain yield and the magnitude significantly differed among the cultivars as detected by a significant [CO(2)] x cultivar interaction. Two cultivars (one with early and one with late maturity) responded more strongly to elevated [CO(2)] than those with intermediate maturity, resulting mainly from increases in spikelet density. Biomass and N uptake at the heading stage were closely correlated with grain yield and spikelet density over [CO(2)] and cultivars. Our 2 year field trial rejected the hypothesis that earlier cultivars would respond more to elevated [CO(2)] than later cultivars, but it is revealed that the magnitude of the growth enhancement before heading is a useful criterion for selecting rice cultivars capable of adapting to elevated [CO(2)].", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Genotype", "Light", "Nitrogen", "Air", "Temperature", "Genetic Variation", "Oryza", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "Research Papers", "Plant Leaves", "Soil", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Biomass", "Seasons", "Photosynthesis"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/ern288"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Experimental%20Botany", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1093/jxb/ern288", "name": "item", "description": "10.1093/jxb/ern288", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1093/jxb/ern288"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-01-06T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1101/2021.03.18.435447", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-29T16:18:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-03-19", "title": "Predicting tomato field-yield using continuous monitoring of young tomato water status", "description": "Abstract<p>To address the challenge of predicting tomato yields in the field, we used whole-plant functional phenotyping to evaluate water relations under well-irrigated and drought conditions. The genotypes tested are known to exhibit variability in their yields in wet and dry fields. The examined lines included two lines with recessive mutations that affect carotenoid biosynthesis, zetaz2083and tangerinet3406, both isogenic to the processing tomato variety M82. The two mutant lines were reciprocally grafted onto M82, and multiple physiological characteristics were measured continuously, before, during and after drought treatment in the greenhouse. A comparative analysis of greenhouse and field yields showed that the whole-canopy stomatal conductance (gsc) in the morning and cumulative transpiration (CT) were strongly correlated with field measurements of total yield (TY:r2= 0.9 and 0.77, respectively) and plant vegetative weight (PW:r2= 0.6 and 0.94, respectively). Furthermore, the minimum CT during drought and the rate of recovery when irrigation was resumed were both found to predict resilience.</p>", "keywords": ["Crops", " Agricultural", "0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "Dehydration", "Genotype", "Genetic Variation", "15. Life on land", "Genes", " Plant", "Adaptation", " Physiological", "6. Clean water", "Droughts", "03 medical and health sciences", "Phenotype", "Solanum lycopersicum", "Gene Expression Regulation", " Plant", "Mutation", "Plant Physiological Phenomena", "Forecasting"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.03.18.435447"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1101/2021.03.18.435447", "name": "item", "description": "10.1101/2021.03.18.435447", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1101/2021.03.18.435447"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-03-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1105/tpc.20.00318", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-29T16:18:38Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-10-10", "title": "ARADEEPOPSIS, an Automated Workflow for Top-View Plant Phenomics using Semantic Segmentation of Leaf States", "description": "Linking plant phenotype to genotype is a common goal to both plant breeders and geneticists. However, collecting phenotypic data for large numbers of plants remain a bottleneck. Plant phenotyping is mostly image based and therefore requires rapid and robust extraction of phenotypic measurements from image data. However, because segmentation tools usually rely on color information, they are sensitive to background or plant color deviations. We have developed a versatile, fully open-source pipeline to extract phenotypic measurements from plant images in an unsupervised manner. ARADEEPOPSIS (https://github.com/Gregor-Mendel-Institute/aradeepopsis) uses semantic segmentation of top-view images to classify leaf tissue into three categories: healthy, anthocyanin rich, and senescent. This makes it particularly powerful at quantitative phenotyping of different developmental stages, mutants with aberrant leaf color and/or phenotype, and plants growing in stressful conditions. On a panel of 210 natural Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) accessions, we were able to not only accurately segment images of phenotypically diverse genotypes but also to identify known loci related to anthocyanin production and early necrosis in genome-wide association analyses. Our pipeline accurately processed images of diverse origin, quality, and background composition, and of a distantly related Brassicaceae. ARADEEPOPSIS is deployable on most operating systems and high-performance computing environments and can be used independently of bioinformatics expertise and resources.", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "0303 health sciences", "Genotype", "Large-Scale Biology Articles", "Arabidopsis", "Computational Biology", "Semantics", "Workflow", "Plant Leaves", "03 medical and health sciences", "Phenotype", "Image Processing", " Computer-Assisted", "Phenomics", "Software", "Genome-Wide Association Study"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.20.00318"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/The%20Plant%20Cell", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1105/tpc.20.00318", "name": "item", "description": "10.1105/tpc.20.00318", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1105/tpc.20.00318"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-10-09T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-3040.2010.02254.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-05-29T16:19:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-11-10", "title": "Effect Of Soil Acidity, Soil Strength And Macropores On Root Growth And Morphology Of Perennial Grass Species Differing In Acid-Soil Resistance", "description": "ABSTRACT<p>It is unclear whether roots of acid\uffe2\uff80\uff90soil resistant plants have significant advantages, compared with acid\uffe2\uff80\uff90soil sensitive genotypes, when growing in high\uffe2\uff80\uff90strength, acid soils or in acid soils where macropores may allow the effects of soil acidity and strength to be avoided. The responses of root growth and morphology to soil acidity, soil strength and macropores by seedlings of five perennial grass genotypes differing in acid\uffe2\uff80\uff90soil resistance were determined, and the interaction of soil acidity and strength for growth and morphology of roots was investigated. Soil acidity and strength altered root length and architecture, root hair development, and deformed the root tip, especially in acid\uffe2\uff80\uff90soil sensitive genotypes. Root length was restricted to some extent by soil acidity in all genotypes, but the adverse impact of soil acidity on root growth by acid\uffe2\uff80\uff90soil resistant genotypes was greater at high levels of soil strength. Roots reacted to soil acidity when growing in macropores, but elongation through high\uffe2\uff80\uff90strength soil was improved. Soil strength can confound the effect of acidity on root growth, with the sensitivity of acid\uffe2\uff80\uff90resistant genotypes being greater in high\uffe2\uff80\uff90strength soils. This highlights the need to select for genotypes that resist both acidity and high soil strength.</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "0301 basic medicine", "Soil", "03 medical and health sciences", "Genotype", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Poaceae", "01 natural sciences", "Acids", "Plant Roots"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.2010.02254.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%2C%20Cell%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-3040.2010.02254.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-3040.2010.02254.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-3040.2010.02254.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-12-22T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/nph.15014", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-29T16:19:13Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-02-09", "title": "Native soils with their microbiotas elicit a state of alert in tomato plants", "description": "Summary<p>   <p>Several studies have investigated soil microbial biodiversity, but understanding of the mechanisms underlying plant responses to soil microbiota remains in its infancy. Here, we focused on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), testing the hypothesis that plants grown on native soils display different responses to soil microbiotas.</p>  <p>Using transcriptomics, proteomics, and biochemistry, we describe the responses of two tomato genotypes (susceptible or resistant to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici) grown on an artificial growth substrate and two native soils (conducive and suppressive to Fusarium).</p>  <p>Native soils affected tomato responses by modulating pathways involved in responses to oxidative stress, phenol biosynthesis, lignin deposition, and innate immunity, particularly in the suppressive soil. In tomato plants grown on steam\uffe2\uff80\uff90disinfected soils, total phenols and lignin decreased significantly. The inoculation of a mycorrhizal fungus partly rescued this response locally and systemically. Plants inoculated with the fungal pathogen showed reduced disease symptoms in the resistant genotype in both soils, but the susceptible genotype was partially protected from the pathogen only when grown on the suppressive soil.</p>  <p>The \uffe2\uff80\uff98state of alert\uffe2\uff80\uff99 detected in tomatoes reveals novel mechanisms operating in plants in native soils and the soil microbiota appears to be one of the drivers of these plant responses.</p>  </p>", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "Proteome", "Propanols", "Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi", "arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi", "tomato", "Lignin", "Models", " Biological", "Plant Roots", "defence responses", "Tomato", "Soil", "03 medical and health sciences", "Solanum lycopersicum", "Gene Expression Regulation", " Plant", "Stress", " Physiological", "microbiota", "Plant Immunity", "Soil Microbiology", "suppressive and conducive soils", "susceptible and resistant genotypes", "2. Zero hunger", "0303 health sciences", "Defence responses", "Microbiota", "15. Life on land", "Lignin biosynthesis", "Gene Ontology", "Susceptible and resistant genotypes", "Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi; Defence responses; Lignin biosynthesis; Microbiota; Suppressive and conducive soils; Susceptible and resistant genotypes; Tomato; Physiology; Plant Science", "Suppressive and conducive soils", "Transcriptome", "lignin biosynthesis"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://iris.unito.it/bitstream/2318/1660820/1/Chialva%20et%20al%20Iris.pdf"}, {"href": "https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/nph.15014"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.15014"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/nph.15014", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/nph.15014", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/nph.15014"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-02-09T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/microorganisms6040096", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-29T16:21:11Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-09-21", "title": "Genotype-Environment Interaction Shapes the Microbial Assemblage in Grapevine\u2019s Phyllosphere and Carposphere: An NGS Approach", "description": "<p>Plant surface or phyllosphere is the habitat of hyperdiverse microbial communities and it is always exposed to the fluctuating environmental factors, which is thought to be one of the potential drivers of microbial community structuring. Impact of grapevine genotypes in variable environmental factors (i.e., at different geographic locations) on the phyllosphere has never been studied and is the main objective of this report. Using high throughput short amplicon sequencing of 16S rRNA genes and internal transcribed spacer (ITS), we analyzed the impacts of genotypes of Vitis Vinifera (coming from three genetic pool), on the microbial (bacterial and fungal) assemblage in the phyllosphere. First, we performed the analysis of the phyllosphere microbiome while using fifteen genotypes that were chosen to maximize intra-specific diversity and grown in two Mediterranean vineyards. Then, the same analysis was performed on five commercially important varieties of Vitis vinifera that were sampled from three different French agro-climatic zones (or terroir: a combination of climate, soils, and human practices). Our study revealed that, at a particular geographic location, genotypes have an impact on microbial assemblage in the phyllosphere and carposphere of leaf and fruit (or berries), respectively, which is more prominent on the carposphere but the effect of terroir was much stronger than the genotype when the leaf phyllosphere of five grapevine varieties grown in different agro-climatic zones was compared. Impacts of the season and exterior plant organs (leaf and berries) on microbial taxa structuring in the phyllosphere was also assessed and presented in this report.</p>", "keywords": ["580", "0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "PMCs", "0303 health sciences", "terroir", "QH301-705.5", "genotype", "microbiome", "15. Life on land", "Article", "grapevine", "03 medical and health sciences", "[SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology", "13. Climate action", "phyllosphere", "agro-climate zones", "Biology (General)", "[SDV.MP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/6/4/96/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms6040096"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Microorganisms", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/microorganisms6040096", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/microorganisms6040096", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/microorganisms6040096"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-09-21T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2307/2656979", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-29T16:20:39Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-04-21", "title": "Genotypic Variation For Condensed Tannin Production In Trembling Aspen (Populs Tremuloides, Salicaceae) Under Elevated Co2 And In High- And Low-Fertility Soil", "description": "<p>The carbon/nutrient balance hypothesis suggests that leaf carbon to nitrogen ratios influence the synthesis of secondary compounds such as condensed tannins. We studied the effects of rising atmospheric carbon dioxide on carbon to nitrogen ratios and tannin production. Six genotypes of Populus tremuloides were grown under elevated and ambient CO2 partial pressure and high\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and low\uffe2\uff80\uff90fertility soil in field open\uffe2\uff80\uff90top chambers in northern lower Michigan, USA. During the second year of exposure, leaves were harvested three times (June, August, and September) and analyzed for condensed tannin concentration. The carbon/nutrient balance hypothesis was supported overall, with significantly greater leaf tannin concentration at high CO2 and low soil fertility compared to ambient CO2 and high soil fertility. However, some genotypes increased tannin concentration at elevated compared to ambient CO2, while others showed no CO2 response. Performance of lepidopteran leaf miner (Phyllonorycter tremuloidiella) larvae feeding on these plants varied across genotypes, CO2, and fertility treatments. These results suggest that with rising atmospheric CO2, plant secondary compound production may vary within species. This could have consequences for plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93herbivore and plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93microbe interactions and for the evolutionary response of this species to global climate change.</p>", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Salicaceae", "genotype", "plant\u2013herbivore interaction", "Phyllonorycter-tremuloidiella", "Quaking aspen", "01 natural sciences", "plant-composition", "tannin", "nitrogen-", "carbon-dioxide: elevation-", "124-38-9: CARBON DIOXIDE", "Spermatophytes-", "Spermatophyta-", "genotypic-variation", "Population-Genetics (Population-Studies)", "2. Zero hunger", "carbon-", "Climatology- (Environmental-Sciences)", "Angiosperms-", "Angiospermae-", "Plants-", "GLOBAL-ECOLOGY", "Populus-tremuloides", "plant-pests", "climate-change", "genetic-variation", "forest-trees", "condensed tannins", "Nitrogen", "Science", "Vascular-Plants", "carbon-dioxide-enrichment", "Nutrition-", "genotypes-", "Phyllonorycter tremuloidiella", "Populus-tremuloides [trembling-aspen] (Salicaceae-)", "soil-fertility", "Populus tremuloides", "Salicaceae-: Dicotyledones-", "Biology", "Plantae-", "global change", "tannins-", "condensed-tannin: production-", "foliage-", "forest-pests", "Tannic acid", "Metabolism-", "Botany", "carbon dioxide", "forest-soils", "15. Life on land", "Carbon", "climate-", "Carbon dioxide", "13. Climate action", "Dicots-", "insect-pests"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Donald R. Zak, Jennifer L Mansfield, Kurt S. Pregitzer, Kurt S. Pregitzer, Peter S. Curtis, Peter S. Curtis,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2307/2656979"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/American%20Journal%20of%20Botany", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2307/2656979", "name": "item", "description": "10.2307/2656979", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2307/2656979"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1999-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3389/fpls.2020.00274", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-29T16:20:56Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-03-03", "title": "Editorial: Interactions of Plants With Bacteria and Fungi: Molecular and Epigenetic Plasticity of the Host", "description": "Interactions of Plants with Bacteria and Fungi:Molecular and Epigenetic Plasticity of the Host", "keywords": ["genotypes; molecular mechanisms; omics tools; plant-bacterial interactions; plant-fungal interactions", "2. Zero hunger", "0301 basic medicine", "0303 health sciences", "plant-bacterial interactions", "omics tools", "molecular mechanisms", "Plant culture", "Molecular mechanisms", "Plant Science", "SB1-1110", "Plant-fungal Interactions", "03 medical and health sciences", "plant-fungal interactions", "Plant-bacterial Interactions", "genotypes", "Omics Tools"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.00274"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Frontiers%20in%20Plant%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3389/fpls.2020.00274", "name": "item", "description": "10.3389/fpls.2020.00274", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3389/fpls.2020.00274"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-03-04T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/plants12112165", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-29T16:21:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-05-31", "title": "Multivariate Interaction Analysis of Zea mays L. Genotypes Growth Productivity in Different Environmental Conditions", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Evaluating maize genotypes under different conditions is important for identifying which genotypes combine stability with high yield potential. The aim of this study was to assess stability and the effect of the genotype\u2013environment interaction (GEI) on the grain yield traits of four maize genotypes grown in field trials; one control trial without nitrogen, and three applying different levels of nitrogen (0, 70, 140, and 210 kg ha\u22121, respectively). Across two growing seasons, both the phenotypic variability and GEI for yield traits over four maize genotypes (P0725, P9889, P9757 and P9074) grown in four different fertilization treatments were studied. The additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) models were used to estimate the GEI. The results revealed that genotype and environmental effects, such as the GEI effect, significantly influenced yield, as well as revealing that maize genotypes responded differently to different conditions and fertilization measures. An analysis of the GEI using the IPCA (interaction principal components) analysis method showed the statistical significance of the first source of variation, IPCA1. As the main component, IPCA1 explained 74.6% of GEI variation in maize yield. Genotype G3, with a mean grain yield of 10.6 t ha\u22121, was found to be the most stable and adaptable to all environments in both seasons, while genotype G1 was found to be unstable, following its specific adaptation to the environments.</p></article>", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "0303 health sciences", "03 medical and health sciences", "productivity", "grain yield productivity", "grain yield", "QK1-989", "maize; grain yield productivity; genotype by environment interaction", "Botany", "genotype by environment interaction", "maize", "Article"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/11/2165/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12112165"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plants", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/plants12112165", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/plants12112165", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/plants12112165"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-05-30T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "20.500.12079/59733", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-29T16:25:46Z", "type": "Other", "title": "Phenotyping of Different Italian Durum Wheat Varieties in Early Growth Stage With the Addition of Pure or Digestate-Activated Biochars", "description": "This study aims to highlight the major effects of biochar incorporation into potting soil substrate on plant growth and performance in early growth stages of five elite Italian varieties of durum wheat (Triticum durum). The biochars used were obtained from two contrasting feedstocks, namely wood chips and wheat straw, by gasification under high temperature conditions, and were applied in a greenhouse experiment either as pure or as nutrient-activated biochar obtained by incubation with digestate. The results of the experiment showed that specific genotypes as well as different treatments with biochar have significant effects on plant response when looking at shoot traits related to growth. The evaluated genotypes could be clustered in two main distinct groups presenting, respectively, significantly increasing (Duilio, Iride, and Saragolla varieties) and decreasing (Marco Aurelio and Grecale varieties) values of projected shoot system area (PSSA), fresh weight (FW), dry weight (DW), and plant water loss by evapotranspiration (ET). All these traits were correlated with Pearson correlation coefficients ranging from 0.74 to 0.98. Concerning the treatment effect, a significant alteration of the mentioned plant traits was observed when applying biochar from wheat straw, characterized by very high electrical conductivity (EC), resulting in a reduction of 34.6% PSSA, 43.2% FW, 66.9% DW, and 36.0% ET, when compared to the control. Interestingly, the application of the same biochar after nutrient spiking with digestate determined about a 15\u201330% relief from the abovementioned reduction induced by the application of the sole pure wheat straw biochar. Our results reinforce the current basic knowledge available on biological soil amendments as biochar and digestate.", "keywords": ["genotype-dependence", "plant phenotyping", "early growth stage", "Triticum durum", "digestate", "evapotranspiration", "biochar", "projected shoot area"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Latini A., Fiorani F., Galeffi P., Cantale C., Bevivino A., Jablonowski N. D.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://iris.enea.it/bitstream/20.500.12079/59733/1/Phenotyping%20of%20Different%20Italian%20Durum%20Wheat%20Varieties%20in%20Early%20Growth%20Stage%20With%20the%20Addition%20of%20Pure%20or%20Digestate-Activated%20Biochars.pdf"}, {"href": "https://iris.enea.it/bitstream/20.500.12079/59733/5/Data_Sheet_2_Phenotyping%20of%20Different%20Italian%20Durum%20Wheat%20Varieties%20in%20Early%20Growth%20Stage%20With%20the%20Addition%20of%20Pure%20or%20Digestate-Activated%20Biochars.PDF"}, {"href": "https://iris.enea.it/bitstream/20.500.12079/59733/7/Data_Sheet_4_Phenotyping%20of%20Different%20Italian%20Durum%20Wheat%20Varieties%20in%20Early%20Growth%20Stage%20With%20the%20Addition%20of%20Pure%20or%20Digestate-Activated%20Biochars.PDF"}, {"href": "https://iris.enea.it/bitstream/20.500.12079/59733/8/Data_Sheet_5_Phenotyping%20of%20Different%20Italian%20Durum%20Wheat%20Varieties%20in%20Early%20Growth%20Stage%20With%20the%20Addition%20of%20Pure%20or%20Digestate-Activated%20Biochars.PDF"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/20.500.12079/59733"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "20.500.12079/59733", "name": "item", "description": "20.500.12079/59733", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/20.500.12079/59733"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "3008113349", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-29T16:26:23Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-02-25", "title": "Engineering Meteorological Features to Select Stress Tolerant Hybrids in Maize", "description": "Abstract<p>In this study we used meteorological parameters and predictive modelling interpreted by model explanation to develop stress metrics that indicate the presence of drought and heat stress at the specific environment. We started from the extreme temperature and precipitation indices, modified some of them and introduced additional drought indices relevant to the analysis. Based on maize\uffe2\uff80\uff99s sensitivity to stress, the growing season was divided into four stages. The features were calculated throughout the growing season and split in two groups, one for the drought and the other for heat stress. Generated meteorological features were combined with soil features and fed to random forest regression model for the yield prediction. Model explanation gave us the contribution of features to yield decrease, from which we estimated total amount of stress at the environments, which represents new environmental index. Using this index we ranked the environments according to the level of stress. More than 2400 hybrids were tested across the environments where they were grown and based on the yield stability they were marked as either tolerant or susceptible to heat, drought or combined heat and drought stress. Presented methodology and results were produced within the Syngenta Crop Challenge 2019.</p", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "0303 health sciences", "Genotype", "Acclimatization", "environmental index", "15. Life on land", "maize", "Models", " Biological", "Zea mays", "Article", "Crop Production", "6. Clean water", "model explanation", "Plant Leaves", "03 medical and health sciences", "Meteorology", "13. Climate action", "drought and heat stress", "Hybridization", " Genetic", "Heat-Shock Response", "random forest regressor"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-60366-y.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/3008113349"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Scientific%20Reports", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "3008113349", "name": "item", "description": "3008113349", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/3008113349"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-02-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "37838155", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-05-29T16:26:49Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-10-12", "title": "Maize (Zea mays L.) root exudation profiles change in quality and quantity during plant development \u2013 A field study", "description": "Deciphering root exudate composition of soil-grown plants is considered a crucial step to better understand plant\u2013soil\u2013microbe interactions affecting plant growth performance. In this study, two genotypes of Zea mays L. (WT, rth3) differing in root hair elongation were grown in the field in two substrates (sand, loam) in custom-made, perforated columns inserted into the field plots. Root exudates were collected at different plant developmental stages (BBCH 14, 19, 59, 83) using a soil-hydroponic-hybrid exudation sampling approach. Exudates were characterized by LC-MS based non-targeted metabolomics, as well as by photometric assays targeting total dissolved organic carbon, soluble carbohydrates, proteins, amino acids, and phenolics. Results showed that plant developmental stage was the main driver shaping both the composition and quantity of exuded compounds. Carbon (C) exudation per plant increased with increasing biomass production over time, while C exudation rate per cm\u00b2 root surface area h\u22121 decreased with plant maturity. Furthermore, exudation rates were higher in the substrate with lower nutrient mobility (i.e., loam). Surprisingly, we observed higher exudation rates in the root hairless rth3 mutant compared to the root hair-forming WT sibling, though exudate metabolite composition remained similar. Our results highlight the impact of plant developmental stage on the plant\u2013soil\u2013microbe interplay.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "580", "Soil", "Genotype", "info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/580", "Metabolomics", "ddc:580", "15. Life on land", "Zea mays", "Plant Roots", "630", "Carbon"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/37838155"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "37838155", "name": "item", "description": "37838155", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/37838155"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "PMC7042286", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-29T16:28:44Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-02-25", "title": "Engineering Meteorological Features to Select Stress Tolerant Hybrids in Maize", "description": "Abstract<p>In this study we used meteorological parameters and predictive modelling interpreted by model explanation to develop stress metrics that indicate the presence of drought and heat stress at the specific environment. We started from the extreme temperature and precipitation indices, modified some of them and introduced additional drought indices relevant to the analysis. Based on maize\uffe2\uff80\uff99s sensitivity to stress, the growing season was divided into four stages. The features were calculated throughout the growing season and split in two groups, one for the drought and the other for heat stress. Generated meteorological features were combined with soil features and fed to random forest regression model for the yield prediction. Model explanation gave us the contribution of features to yield decrease, from which we estimated total amount of stress at the environments, which represents new environmental index. Using this index we ranked the environments according to the level of stress. More than 2400 hybrids were tested across the environments where they were grown and based on the yield stability they were marked as either tolerant or susceptible to heat, drought or combined heat and drought stress. Presented methodology and results were produced within the Syngenta Crop Challenge 2019.</p", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0301 basic medicine", "0303 health sciences", "Genotype", "Acclimatization", "15. Life on land", "Models", " Biological", "Zea mays", "Article", "Crop Production", "6. Clean water", "Plant Leaves", "03 medical and health sciences", "Meteorology", "13. Climate action", "Hybridization", " Genetic", "Heat-Shock Response"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-60366-y.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/PMC7042286"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Scientific%20Reports", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "PMC7042286", "name": "item", "description": "PMC7042286", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PMC7042286"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-02-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "PMC11499414", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-29T16:28:40Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-10-23", "title": "Root exudation patterns of contrasting rice (Oryza sativa L.) lines in response to P limitation", "description": "Abstract                 Main conclusion                 <p>Rice exudation patterns changed in response to P deficiency. Higher exudation rates were associated with lower biomass production. Total carboxylate exudation rates mostly decreased under P-limiting conditions.</p>                                Abstract                 <p>Within the rhizosphere, root exudates are believed to play an important role in plant phosphorus (P) acquisition. This could be particularly beneficial in upland rice production where P is often limited. However, knowledge gaps remain on how P deficiency shapes quality and quantity of root exudation in upland rice genotypes. We therefore investigated growth, plant P uptake, and root exudation patterns of two rice genotypes differing in P efficiency in semi-hydroponics at two P levels (low P\uffe2\uff80\uff89=\uffe2\uff80\uff891\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb5M, adequate P\uffe2\uff80\uff89=\uffe2\uff80\uff89100\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb5M). Root exudates were collected hydroponically 28 and 40\uffc2\uffa0days after germination to analyze total carbon (C), carbohydrates, amino acids, phenolic compounds spectrophotometrically and carboxylates using a targeted LC\uffe2\uff80\uff93MS approach. Despite their reported role in P solubilization, we observed that carboxylate exudation rates per unit root surface area were not increased under P deficiency. In contrast, exudation rates of total C, carbohydrates, amino acids and phenolics were mostly enhanced in response to low P supply. Overall, higher exudation rates were associated with lower biomass production in the P-inefficient genotype Nerica4, whereas the larger root system with lower C investment (per unit root surface area) in root exudates of the P-efficient DJ123 allowed for better plant growth under P deficiency. Our results reveal new insights into genotype-specific resource allocation in rice under P-limiting conditions that warrant follow-up research including more genotypes.</p>", "keywords": ["Genotype", "Hydroponics", "carbohydrates ; phenolics ; amino acids ; carboxylates ; phosphorus", "Plant Exudates", "Rhizosphere", "Original Article", "Oryza", "Phosphorus", "Biomass", "Amino Acids", "Plant Roots", "Carbon"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00425-024-04556-2.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/PMC11499414"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Planta", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "PMC11499414", "name": "item", "description": "PMC11499414", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PMC11499414"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-10-23T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "4fcaa48d-aef8-4f80-aa54-5dd992ad4333", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[5.81, 47.26], [5.81, 54.76], [15.77, 54.76], [15.77, 47.26], [5.81, 47.26]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "farming"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Soil"}, {"id": "Winter wheat"}, {"id": "Nitrogen"}, {"id": "Climatic change"}, {"id": "Phenology"}, {"id": "Statistical methods"}, {"id": "genotype environment interaction"}], "scheme": "AGROVOC Multilingual agricultural thesaurus"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Winter wheat"}, {"id": "yield development"}, {"id": "nitrogen fertilization experiments"}, {"id": "climate change"}, {"id": "climate effects"}, {"id": "phenology"}, {"id": "meta-analysis"}, {"id": "mixed-effect analysis"}, {"id": "soil types"}, {"id": "soil quality rating"}, {"id": "opendata"}], "scheme": "Individual"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Climate change impact"}, {"id": "climatic change"}, {"id": "environmental impact"}, {"id": "environmental statistics"}, {"id": "data analysis"}, {"id": "statistical analysis"}, {"id": "field experiment"}, {"id": "soil"}, {"id": "heat stress"}, {"id": "water stress"}], "scheme": "GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Boden"}], "scheme": "GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0"}], "rights": "Restrictions applied to assure the protection of privacy or intellectual property, and any special restrictions or limitations or warnings on using the resource or metadata. Reports, articles, papers, scientific and non - scientific works of any form, including tables, maps, or any other kind of output, in printed or electronic form, based in whole or in part on the data supplied, must contain an acknowledgement of the form: \"Data reused from the BonaRes Data Centre www.bonares.de. This data were created as part of the research activities of the DFG funded project 'Data-Meta Analysis to assess the productivity development of cultivated plants'\"(Grant number: Stu 127/19-3) at the Institute of Horticultural Production Systems of the Faculty of Natural Sciences at the Leibniz Universit\u00e4t Hanover (LUH). Although every care has been taken in preparing and testing the data, the above mentioned project and the BonaRes Data Centre cannot guarantee that the data are correct; neither does the above mentioned project and the BonaRes Data Centre accept any liability whatsoever for any error, missing data or omission in the data, or for any loss or damage arising from its use. The above mentioned project and BonaRes Data Centre will not be responsible for any direct or indirect use which might be made of the data.", "updated": "2023-12-14", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2020-01-28", "language": "eng", "title": "Variance Analysis Dataset - Yields N-level Environment", "description": "This table (Variance Analysis Dataset - Yields N-level Environment) is part of a larger file dataset that contains processed data and information used in the meta-analysis \u201cYield development of German winter wheat between 1958 and 2015\u201d of the Project \u201cData-Meta Analysis to assess the productivity development of cultivated plants\u201d funded by the DFG. This table contains the final data used for the variance analysis in this project and derived from the entire dataset, which comprises the following data:\n- Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) yields and nitrogen application amounts from nitrogen fertilization experiments of variable duration (1-6 years) carried out at 43 locations across Germany and between 1958 and 2015 found in 34 different sources in the literature.\n- The derived maximum yields (Ymax) and optimal nitrogen amounts (Nopt) from the nitrogen experiments, function coefficients, and statistics.\n- Geographical information (latitude, longitude, altitude) and other site specific information of the experimental sites (soil type, soil yield potential, mean annual temperature, mean annual precipitation, mean annual climatic water balance, soil climate region, cultivation region).\n- Processed phenological and climatic data for each experimental site.", "formats": [{"name": "CSV"}], "keywords": ["Soil", "Winter wheat", "Nitrogen", "Climatic change", "Phenology", "Statistical methods", "genotype environment interaction", "Winter wheat", "yield development", "nitrogen fertilization experiments", "climate change", "climate effects", "phenology", "meta-analysis", "mixed-effect analysis", "soil types", "soil quality rating", "opendata", "Climate change impact", "climatic change", "environmental impact", "environmental statistics", "data analysis", "statistical analysis", "field experiment", "soil", "heat stress", "water stress", "Boden"], "contacts": [{"name": "BonaRes Data Centre", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)", "position": "Research Platform 'Data' - WG Geodata", "roles": ["publisher"], "phones": [{"value": "+49 33432 82 171"}], "emails": [{"value": "bonares-datenzentrum@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Eberswalder Strasse 84"], "city": "M\u00fcncheberg", "administrativeArea": "Brandenburg", "postalCode": "15374", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Eric B\u00f6necke", "organization": "Leibniz University Hanover", "position": "Scientist", "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": "+49 511 762-19269"}], "emails": [{"value": "boenecke@igzev.de, boenecke@gem.uni-hannover.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Herrenh\u00e4user Strasse 2"], "city": "Hanover", "administrativeArea": "Lower Saxony", "postalCode": "30419", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Laura Breitsameter", "organization": "Leibniz University Hanover", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": "+49 511 762-19269"}], "emails": [{"value": "breitsameter@igzev.de, boenecke@gem.uni-hannover.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Herrenh\u00e4user Strasse 2"], "city": "Hanover", "administrativeArea": "Lower Saxony", "postalCode": "30419", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Nicolas Br\u00fcggeman", "organization": "Research Centre Julich", "position": "Professor", "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": "+49 246 161 8643"}], "emails": [{"value": "n.brueggemann@fz-juelich.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Wilhelm-Johnen-Stra\u00dfe"], "city": "Julich", "administrativeArea": "North Rhine-Westphalia", "postalCode": "52428", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Till Feike", "organization": "Julius Kuehn-Institute", "position": "Scientist", "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": "+49 332 034 8312"}], "emails": [{"value": "til.feike@julius-kuehn.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Stahnsdorfer Damm 81"], "city": "Kleinmachnow", "administrativeArea": "Brandenburg", "postalCode": "14532", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Henning Kage", "organization": "Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel", "position": "Professor", "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": "+49 431 880 3472"}], "emails": [{"value": "kage@pflanzenbau.uni-kiel.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Hermann-Rodewald-Str. 9"], "city": "Kiel", "administrativeArea": "Schleswig-Holstein", "postalCode": "24118", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Kurt-Christian Kersebaum", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research", "position": "Scienctist", "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": "+49 334 328 2394"}], "emails": [{"value": "ckersebaum@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Eberswalder Stra\u00dfe 84"], "city": "Muencheberg", "administrativeArea": "Brandenburg", "postalCode": "15374", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Hartmut St\u00fctzel", "organization": "Leibniz University Hanover", "position": "Professor", "roles": ["projectLeader"], "phones": [{"value": "+49 511 762 2635"}], "emails": [{"value": "st\u00fctzel@gem.uni-hannover.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Herrenh\u00e4user Strasse 2"], "city": "Hanover", "administrativeArea": "Lower-Saxony", "postalCode": "30419", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Hartmut St\u00fctzel", "organization": "Leibniz University Hanover", "position": "Professor", "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": "+49 511 762 2635"}], "emails": [{"value": "st\u00fctzel@gem.uni-hannover.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Herrenh\u00e4user Strasse 2"], "city": "Hanover", "administrativeArea": "Lower-Saxony", "postalCode": "30419", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"organization": "Julius Kuehn-Institute;Leibniz University Hanover;Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research;Research Centre Julich;Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel", "roles": ["contributor"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://maps.bonares.de/mapapps/resources/apps/bonares/index.html?lang=en&mid=4fcaa48d-aef8-4f80-aa54-5dd992ad4333", "rel": "download"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/3b08f0fc-f209-425f-86e1-f106f29f4ee6", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "4fcaa48d-aef8-4f80-aa54-5dd992ad4333", "name": "item", "description": "4fcaa48d-aef8-4f80-aa54-5dd992ad4333", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/4fcaa48d-aef8-4f80-aa54-5dd992ad4333"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-12-14T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "PMC10255084", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-29T16:28:38Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-05-31", "title": "Multivariate Interaction Analysis of Zea mays L. Genotypes Growth Productivity in Different Environmental Conditions", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Evaluating maize genotypes under different conditions is important for identifying which genotypes combine stability with high yield potential. The aim of this study was to assess stability and the effect of the genotype\u2013environment interaction (GEI) on the grain yield traits of four maize genotypes grown in field trials; one control trial without nitrogen, and three applying different levels of nitrogen (0, 70, 140, and 210 kg ha\u22121, respectively). Across two growing seasons, both the phenotypic variability and GEI for yield traits over four maize genotypes (P0725, P9889, P9757 and P9074) grown in four different fertilization treatments were studied. The additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) models were used to estimate the GEI. The results revealed that genotype and environmental effects, such as the GEI effect, significantly influenced yield, as well as revealing that maize genotypes responded differently to different conditions and fertilization measures. An analysis of the GEI using the IPCA (interaction principal components) analysis method showed the statistical significance of the first source of variation, IPCA1. As the main component, IPCA1 explained 74.6% of GEI variation in maize yield. Genotype G3, with a mean grain yield of 10.6 t ha\u22121, was found to be the most stable and adaptable to all environments in both seasons, while genotype G1 was found to be unstable, following its specific adaptation to the environments.</p></article>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0301 basic medicine", "0303 health sciences", "03 medical and health sciences", "productivity", "grain yield productivity", "grain yield", "QK1-989", "maize; grain yield productivity; genotype by environment interaction", "Botany", "genotype by environment interaction", "maize", "Article"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/11/2165/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/PMC10255084"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plants", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "PMC10255084", "name": "item", "description": "PMC10255084", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PMC10255084"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-05-30T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "d5a54fad-8856-4726-9919-685a8f0c5c58", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[6.72, 50.79], [6.72, 52.62], [9.99, 52.62], [9.99, 50.79], [6.72, 50.79]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "farming"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Soil"}], "scheme": "AGROVOC Multilingual agricultural thesaurus"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "opendata"}], "scheme": "Individual"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Boden"}, {"id": "Soil"}, {"id": "Apple replant disease (ARD)"}, {"id": "Gene Expression"}, {"id": "BioMark HD microfluidic system"}, {"id": "high-throughput qRT-PCR"}, {"id": "phytoalexins"}, {"id": "Greenhouse bio-test"}, {"id": "soil properties"}, {"id": "Malus genotypes"}, {"id": "rootstock"}, {"id": "biomarker"}, {"id": "central experiment 5"}, {"id": "CE5"}, {"id": "ORDIAmur"}, {"id": "M26"}, {"id": "M9"}, {"id": "Malus x robusta"}, {"id": "B63"}], "scheme": "GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Boden"}], "scheme": "GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0"}], "rights": "Reports, articles, papers, scientific and non-scientific works of any form, including tables, maps, or any other kind of output, in printed or electronic form, based in whole or in part on the data supplied, must contain an acknowledgement of the form: \"Data re-used from the BonaRes Data Centre (www.bonares.de). This data were created as part of BonaRes Module A-Project - ORDIAmur's research activities. Although every care has been taken in preparing and testing the data, BonaRes Module A-Project - ORDIAmur and BonaRes Data Centre cannot guarantee that the data are correct; neither does BonaRes Module A-Project - ORDIAmur and BonaRes Data Centre accept any liability whatsoever for any error, missing data or omission in the data, or for any loss or damage arising from its use. The BonaRes Module A-Project - ORDIAmur and BonaRes Data Centre will not be responsible for any direct or indirect use which might be made of the data. The access to this data is restricted during embargo time. If prior access is requested, contact the data owner / author.", "updated": "2020-04-30", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2020-01-07", "language": "eng", "title": "Apple Replant Disease Greenhouse Bio-Test Plant Growth", "description": "Apple replant disease (ARD) is a soil-borne disease, which is of particular importance for fruit tree nurseries and fruit growers. The disease manifests by a poor vegetative development, stunted growth and reduced yield in terms of quantity and quality, if apple plants (usually rootstocks) are replanted several times at the same site. Genotype-specific differences in the reaction of apple plants to ARD are documented, but less is known about the genetic mechanisms behind this symptomatology. Recent transcriptome analyses resulted in a number of candidate genes possibly involved in the plant response. In the present study, the expression of 108 selected candidate genes was investigated in root and leaf tissue of four different apple genotypes grown in untreated ARD soil and ARD soil disinfected by \u03b3-irradiation originating from two different sites in Germany. Thirty-nine out of the 108 candidate genes were differentially expressed in roots by taking a p-value of  0.05 and a fold change of  1.5 as cutoff. Sixteen genes were more than 4.5-fold upregulated in roots of plants grown in ARD soil. The four genes MNL2 (putative mannosidase), ALF5 (multi antimicrobial extrusion protein), UGT73B4 (UDP-glycosyltransferase 73B4) and ECHI (chitin-binding) were significantly upregulated in roots. These genes seem to be related to the host plant response to ARD, although they have never been described in this context before. Six of the highly upregulated genes belong to the phytoalexin biosynthesis pathway. Their genotype-specific gene expression pattern was consistent with the phytoalexin content measured in roots. The biphenyl synthase (BIS) genes were found to be useful as early biomarkers for ARD, because their expression pattern correlated well with the phenotypic reaction of the Malus genotypes investigated.\n\nThe presented data contain growth records from the greenhouse biotest of the Malus genotypes M26, M9, B63 and Malus x robusta MAL0595 potted into untreated of disinfected soil from the ARD sites Heidgraben and Meckenheim. Shoot length was recorded weekly and after four weeks, fresh and dry masses of the shoots and roots were measured. Single plants were pooled for gene expression and phytoalexin analysis. The use and pooling of each individual plant can be traced back within the dataset. \n\nThe experiment is summarized in Reim et al. (2020): \u201cGenes involved in stress response and especially in phytoalexin biosynthesis are up-regulated in four Malus genotypes in response to apple replant disease\u201d, Front. Plant Sci., doi: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01724.\n\nGene expression data is available at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE135081.", "formats": [{"name": "CSV"}], "keywords": ["Soil", "opendata", "Boden", "Soil", "Apple replant disease (ARD)", "Gene Expression", "BioMark HD microfluidic system", "high-throughput qRT-PCR", "phytoalexins", "Greenhouse bio-test", "soil properties", "Malus genotypes", "rootstock", "biomarker", "central experiment 5", "CE5", "ORDIAmur", "M26", "M9", "Malus x robusta", "B63", "Boden"], "contacts": [{"name": "Stefanie Reim", "organization": "Julius K\u00fchn-Institut, Insitut f\u00fcr Z\u00fcchtungsforschung an Obst", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "stefanie.reim@julius-kuehn.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": "Dresden", "administrativeArea": "ORDIAmur", "postalCode": "01326", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Annmarie-Deetja Rohr", "organization": "Leibniz Universit\u00e4t Hannover", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": "0049 511 762 4017"}], "emails": [{"value": "rohr@baum.uni-hannover.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": "Hannover", "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": "30419", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "BonaRes Data Centre", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)", "position": "Research Platform 'Data' - WG Geodata", "roles": ["publisher"], "phones": [{"value": "+49 33432 82 171"}], "emails": [{"value": "bonares-datenzentrum@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Eberswalder Strasse 84"], "city": "M\u00fcncheberg", "administrativeArea": "Brandenburg", "postalCode": "15374", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Traud Winkelmann", "organization": "Leibniz Universit\u00e4t Hannover", "position": "Professorin", "roles": ["projectLeader"], "phones": [{"value": "0049 511 762 3602"}], "emails": [{"value": "traud.winkelmann@zier.uni-hannover.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": "Hannover", "administrativeArea": "ORDIAmur", "postalCode": "30419", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Stefan Wei\u00df", "organization": "Leibniz Universit\u00e4t Hannover", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "weiss@baum.uni-hannover.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": "Hannover", "administrativeArea": "ORDIAmur", "postalCode": "30419", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Benye Liu", "organization": "Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "b.liu@tu-braunschweig.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Mendelssohnstrasse 1"], "city": "Braunschweig", "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": "38106", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Ludger Beerhues", "organization": "Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "l.beerhues@tu-braunschweig.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Mendelssohnstrasse 1"], "city": "Braunschweig", "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": "38106", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Michaela Schmitz", "organization": "Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "Michaela.Schmitz@h-brs.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": "Rheinbach", "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Magda-Viola Hanke", "organization": "Julius K\u00fchn-Institut, Insitut f\u00fcr Z\u00fcchtungsforschung an Obst", "position": "Institutsleiterin", "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": "+49 351 2616214"}], "emails": [{"value": "magda-viola.hanke@julius-kuehn.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": "Dresden", "administrativeArea": "ORDIAmur", "postalCode": "013260", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Henryk Flachowsky", "organization": "Julius K\u00fchn-Institut, Insitut f\u00fcr Z\u00fcchtungsforschung an Obst", "position": "Wissenschaftlicher Oberrat", "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": "+49 351 2616215"}], "emails": [{"value": "henryk.flachowsky@julius-kuehn.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": "Dresden", "administrativeArea": "ORDIAmur", "postalCode": "01326", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"organization": "Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology;Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg;Leibniz Universit\u00e4t Hannover;Julius K\u00fchn-Institut, Insitut f\u00fcr Z\u00fcchtungsforschung an Obst", "roles": ["contributor"]}], "title_alternate": "ARD Greenhouse Bio-Test Plant Growth"}, "links": [{"href": "https://maps.bonares.de/mapapps/resources/apps/bonares/index.html?lang=en&mid=d5a54fad-8856-4726-9919-685a8f0c5c58", "rel": "download"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "d5a54fad-8856-4726-9919-685a8f0c5c58", "name": "item", "description": "d5a54fad-8856-4726-9919-685a8f0c5c58", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/d5a54fad-8856-4726-9919-685a8f0c5c58"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"interval": ["2017-08-09T00:00:00Z", "2017-09-07T00:00:00Z"]}}, {"id": "oai:iris.enea.it:20.500.12079/59733", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-29T16:33:54Z", "type": "Other", "title": "Phenotyping of Different Italian Durum Wheat Varieties in Early Growth Stage With the Addition of Pure or Digestate-Activated Biochars", "description": "This study aims to highlight the major effects of biochar incorporation into potting soil substrate on plant growth and performance in early growth stages of five elite Italian varieties of durum wheat (Triticum durum). The biochars used were obtained from two contrasting feedstocks, namely wood chips and wheat straw, by gasification under high temperature conditions, and were applied in a greenhouse experiment either as pure or as nutrient-activated biochar obtained by incubation with digestate. The results of the experiment showed that specific genotypes as well as different treatments with biochar have significant effects on plant response when looking at shoot traits related to growth. The evaluated genotypes could be clustered in two main distinct groups presenting, respectively, significantly increasing (Duilio, Iride, and Saragolla varieties) and decreasing (Marco Aurelio and Grecale varieties) values of projected shoot system area (PSSA), fresh weight (FW), dry weight (DW), and plant water loss by evapotranspiration (ET). All these traits were correlated with Pearson correlation coefficients ranging from 0.74 to 0.98. Concerning the treatment effect, a significant alteration of the mentioned plant traits was observed when applying biochar from wheat straw, characterized by very high electrical conductivity (EC), resulting in a reduction of 34.6% PSSA, 43.2% FW, 66.9% DW, and 36.0% ET, when compared to the control. Interestingly, the application of the same biochar after nutrient spiking with digestate determined about a 15\u201330% relief from the abovementioned reduction induced by the application of the sole pure wheat straw biochar. Our results reinforce the current basic knowledge available on biological soil amendments as biochar and digestate.", "keywords": ["genotype-dependence", "plant phenotyping", "early growth stage", "Triticum durum", "digestate", "evapotranspiration", "biochar", "projected shoot area"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Latini A., Fiorani F., Galeffi P., Cantale C., Bevivino A., Jablonowski N. D.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://iris.enea.it/bitstream/20.500.12079/59733/1/Phenotyping%20of%20Different%20Italian%20Durum%20Wheat%20Varieties%20in%20Early%20Growth%20Stage%20With%20the%20Addition%20of%20Pure%20or%20Digestate-Activated%20Biochars.pdf"}, {"href": "https://iris.enea.it/bitstream/20.500.12079/59733/5/Data_Sheet_2_Phenotyping%20of%20Different%20Italian%20Durum%20Wheat%20Varieties%20in%20Early%20Growth%20Stage%20With%20the%20Addition%20of%20Pure%20or%20Digestate-Activated%20Biochars.PDF"}, {"href": "https://iris.enea.it/bitstream/20.500.12079/59733/7/Data_Sheet_4_Phenotyping%20of%20Different%20Italian%20Durum%20Wheat%20Varieties%20in%20Early%20Growth%20Stage%20With%20the%20Addition%20of%20Pure%20or%20Digestate-Activated%20Biochars.PDF"}, {"href": "https://iris.enea.it/bitstream/20.500.12079/59733/8/Data_Sheet_5_Phenotyping%20of%20Different%20Italian%20Durum%20Wheat%20Varieties%20in%20Early%20Growth%20Stage%20With%20the%20Addition%20of%20Pure%20or%20Digestate-Activated%20Biochars.PDF"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/oai:iris.enea.it:20.500.12079/59733"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "oai:iris.enea.it:20.500.12079/59733", "name": "item", "description": "oai:iris.enea.it:20.500.12079/59733", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/oai:iris.enea.it:20.500.12079/59733"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "443a3b0f-7909-4e27-be94-45a2415cad45", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[5.81, 47.26], [5.81, 54.76], [15.77, 54.76], [15.77, 47.26], [5.81, 47.26]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "farming"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Soil"}, {"id": "Winter wheat"}, {"id": "Nitrogen"}, {"id": "Phenology"}, {"id": "Statistical methods"}, {"id": "genotype environment interaction"}], "scheme": "AGROVOC Multilingual agricultural thesaurus"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Winter wheat"}, {"id": "yield development"}, {"id": "nitrogen fertilization experiments"}, {"id": "climate change"}, {"id": "climate effects"}, {"id": "phenology"}, {"id": "meta-analysis"}, {"id": "mixed-effect analysis"}, {"id": "soil types"}, {"id": "soil quality rating"}, {"id": "opendata"}], "scheme": "Individual"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Climate change impact"}, {"id": "climatic change"}, {"id": "environmental impact"}, {"id": "environmental statistics"}, {"id": "data analysis"}, {"id": "statistical analysis"}, {"id": "field experiment"}, {"id": "soil"}, {"id": "heat stress"}, {"id": "water stress"}], "scheme": "GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Boden"}], "scheme": "GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0"}], "rights": "Restrictions applied to assure the protection of privacy or intellectual property, and any special restrictions or limitations or warnings on using the resource or metadata. Reports, articles, papers, scientific and non - scientific works of any form, including tables, maps, or any other kind of output, in printed or electronic form, based in whole or in part on the data supplied, must contain an acknowledgement of the form: \"Data reused from the BonaRes Data Centre www.bonares.de. This data were created as part of the research activities of the DFG funded project 'Data-Meta Analysis to assess the productivity development of cultivated plants'\"(Grant number: Stu 127/19-3) at the Institute of Horticultural Production Systems of the Faculty of Natural Sciences at the Leibniz Universit\u00e4t Hanover (LUH). Although every care has been taken in preparing and testing the data, the above mentioned project and the BonaRes Data Centre cannot guarantee that the data are correct; neither does the above mentioned project and the BonaRes Data Centre accept any liability whatsoever for any error, missing data or omission in the data, or for any loss or damage arising from its use. The above mentioned project and BonaRes Data Centre will not be responsible for any direct or indirect use which might be made of the data.", "updated": "2023-12-12", "created": "2020-01-28", "language": "eng", "title": "Agro-climatic phases", "description": "This table (Agroclimatic phases) is part of a larger file dataset that contains processed data and information used in the meta-analysis \u201cYield development of German winter wheat between 1958 and 2015\u201d of the Project \u201cData-Meta Analysis to assess the productivity development of cultivated plants\u201d funded by the DFG. This table holds information about the agroclimatic phases important of crop growth and used in this project and can be used together with the entire dataset, which comprises the following data:\n- Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) yields and nitrogen application amounts from nitrogen fertilization experiments of variable duration (1-6 years) carried out at 43 locations across Germany and between 1958 and 2015 found in 34 different sources in the literature.\n- The derived maximum yields (Ymax) and optimal nitrogen amounts (Nopt) from the nitrogen experiments, function coefficients, and statistics.\n- Geographical information (latitude, longitude, altitude) and other site specific information of the experimental sites (soil type, soil yield potential, mean annual temperature, mean annual precipitation, mean annual climatic water balance, soil climate region, cultivation region).\n- Processed phenological and climatic data for each experimental site.", "formats": [{"name": "CSV"}], "keywords": ["Soil", "Winter wheat", "Nitrogen", "Phenology", "Statistical methods", "genotype environment interaction", "Winter wheat", "yield development", "nitrogen fertilization experiments", "climate change", "climate effects", "phenology", "meta-analysis", "mixed-effect analysis", "soil types", "soil quality rating", "opendata", "Climate change impact", "climatic change", "environmental impact", "environmental statistics", "data analysis", "statistical analysis", "field experiment", "soil", "heat stress", "water stress", "Boden"], "contacts": [{"name": "BonaRes Data Centre", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)", "position": "Research Platform 'Data' - WG Geodata", "roles": ["publisher"], "phones": [{"value": "+49 33432 82 171"}], "emails": [{"value": "bonares-datenzentrum@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Eberswalder Strasse 84"], "city": "M\u00fcncheberg", "administrativeArea": "Brandenburg", "postalCode": "15374", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Eric B\u00f6necke", "organization": "Leibniz University Hanover", "position": "Scientist", "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": "+49 511 762-19269"}], "emails": [{"value": "boenecke@igzev.de, boenecke@gem.uni-hannover.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Herrenh\u00e4user Strasse 2"], "city": "Hanover", "administrativeArea": "Lower Saxony", "postalCode": "30419", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Laura Breitsameter", "organization": "Leibniz University Hanover", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": "+49 511 762-19269"}], "emails": [{"value": "breitsameter@igzev.de, boenecke@gem.uni-hannover.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Herrenh\u00e4user Strasse 2"], "city": "Hanover", "administrativeArea": "Lower Saxony", "postalCode": "30419", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Nicolas Br\u00fcggeman", "organization": "Research Centre Julich", "position": "Professor", "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": "+49 246 161 8643"}], "emails": [{"value": "n.brueggemann@fz-juelich.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Wilhelm-Johnen-Stra\u00dfe"], "city": "Julich", "administrativeArea": "North Rhine-Westphalia", "postalCode": "52428", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Till Feike", "organization": "Julius Kuehn-Institute", "position": "Scientist", "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": "+49 332 034 8312"}], "emails": [{"value": "til.feike@julius-kuehn.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Stahnsdorfer Damm 81"], "city": "Kleinmachnow", "administrativeArea": "Brandenburg", "postalCode": "14532", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Henning Kage", "organization": "Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel", "position": "Professor", "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": "+49 431 880 3472"}], "emails": [{"value": "kage@pflanzenbau.uni-kiel.de"}], "addresses": 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