{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.5194/bg-15-1933-2018", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:22:07Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-11-21", "title": "Straw incorporation increases crop yield and soil organic carbon sequestration but varies under different natural conditions and farming practices in China: a system analysis", "description": "

Abstract. Loss of soil organic carbon (SOC) from agricultural soils is a key indicator of soil degradation associated with reductions in net primary productivity in crop production systems worldwide. Simple technical and locally appropriate solutions are required for farmers to increase SOC and to improve cropland management. In the last 30 years, straw incorporation has gradually been implemented across China in the context of agricultural intensification and rural livelihood improvement. A meta-analysis of data published before the end of 2016 was undertaken to investigate the effects of straw incorporation on crop production and SOC sequestration. The results of 68 experimental studies throughout China in different edaphic, climate regions and under different farming regimes were analyzed. Compared with straw removal, straw incorporation significantly sequestered SOC (0\uffe2\uff80\uff9320\uffe2\uff80\uff89cm depth) at the rate of 0.35 (range 0.31\uffe2\uff80\uff930.40)\uffe2\uff80\uff89Mg C\uffe2\uff80\uff89ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffe2\uff80\uff89yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921, increased crop grain yield by 13.4\uffe2\uff80\uff89% (range 9.3\uffe2\uff80\uff89%\uffe2\uff80\uff9318.4\uffe2\uff80\uff89%) and had a conversion efficiency of the applied straw-C as 16\uffe2\uff80\uff89%\uffe2\uff80\uff89\uffc2\uffb1\uffe2\uff80\uff892\uffe2\uff80\uff89% across the whole of China. The combined straw incorporation at the rate of 3\uffe2\uff80\uff89Mg C\uffe2\uff80\uff89ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffe2\uff80\uff89yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921 with mineral fertilizer of 200\uffe2\uff80\uff93400\uffe2\uff80\uff89kg N\uffe2\uff80\uff89ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffe2\uff80\uff89yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921 was demonstrated to be the best combination for farmers to use with crop yield increased by 32.7\uffe2\uff80\uff89% (range 17.9\uffe2\uff80\uff89%\uffe2\uff80\uff9356.4\uffe2\uff80\uff89%) and SOC sequestrated by the rate of 0.85 (range 0.54\uffe2\uff80\uff931.15)\uffe2\uff80\uff89Mg C\uffe2\uff80\uff89ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffe2\uff80\uff89yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921. Straw incorporation achieved higher SOC sequestration rate and crop yield increment when applied to clay soils, under high cropping intensities, and in areas like Northeast China where the soil is being degraded. SOC responses were the greatest in the initial starting phase of straw incorporation and then declined and finally were negligible after 28\uffe2\uff80\uff9362 years, however, crop yield responses were initially low and then increased reaching their highest level at 11\uffe2\uff80\uff9315 years after straw incorporation. Overall, our study confirmed that straw incorporation did create a positive feedback loop of SOC enhancement together with increased crop production, and this is of great practical significance to straw management as agricultural intensifies in China and other regions in the world with different climate conditions.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "QE1-996.5", "info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/550", "Ecology", "Life", "QH501-531", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Geology", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "QH540-549.5"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-1933-2018"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biogeosciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/bg-15-1933-2018", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/bg-15-1933-2018", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/bg-15-1933-2018"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-11-21T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/bg-19-2487-2022", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:22:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-05-13", "title": "Climatic variation drives loss and restructuring of carbon and nitrogen in boreal forest wildfire", "description": "

Abstract. The boreal forest landscape covers approximately 10\u2009% of the earth's land area and accounts for almost 30\u2009% of the global annual terrestrial sink of carbon\u00a0(C). Increased emissions due to climate-change-amplified fire frequency, size, and intensity threaten to remove elements such as C and nitrogen\u00a0(N) from forest soil and vegetation at rates faster than they accumulate. This may result in large areas within the region becoming a net source of greenhouse gases, creating a positive feedback loop with a changing climate. Meter-scale estimates of area-normalized fire emissions are limited in Eurasian boreal forests, and knowledge of their relation to climate and ecosystem properties is sparse. This study sampled 50 separate Swedish wildfires, which occurred during an extreme fire season in 2018, providing quantitative estimates of C and N loss due to fire along a climate gradient. Mean annual precipitation had strong positive effects on total fuel, which was the strongest driver for increasing C and N losses. Mean annual temperature\u00a0(MAT) influenced both pre- and postfire organic layer soil bulk density and C\u2009:\u2009N ratio, which had mixed effects on C and N losses. Significant fire-induced loss of C estimated in the 50 plots was comparable to estimates in similar Eurasian forests but approximately a quarter of those found in typically more intense North American boreal wildfires. N loss was insignificant, though a large amount of fire-affected fuel was converted to a low C\u2009:\u2009N surface layer of char in proportion to increased MAT. These results reveal large quantitative differences in C and N losses between global regions and their linkage to the broad range of climate conditions within Fennoscandia. A need exists to better incorporate these factors into models to improve estimates of global emissions of C and N due to fire in future climate scenarios. Additionally, this study demonstrated a linkage between climate and the extent of charring of soil fuel and discusses its potential for altering C and N dynamics in postfire recovery.

", "keywords": ["QE1-996.5", "Ecology", "Life", "13. Climate action", "QH501-531", "Geology", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "QH540-549.5", "Climate Science", "Klimatvetenskap", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2487-2022"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biogeosciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/bg-19-2487-2022", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/bg-19-2487-2022", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/bg-19-2487-2022"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-05-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/bg-21-109-2024", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:22:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-01-05", "title": "Geographically divergent trends in snow disappearance timing and fire ignitions across boreal North America", "description": "

Abstract. The snow cover extent across the Northern Hemisphere has diminished, while the number of lightning ignitions and amount of burned area have increased over the last 5\u00a0decades with accelerated warming. However, the effects of earlier snow disappearance on fire are largely unknown. Here, we assessed the influence of snow disappearance timing on fire ignitions across 16 ecoregions of boreal North America. We found spatially divergent trends in earlier (later) snow disappearance, which led to an increasing (decreasing) number of ignitions for the northwestern (southeastern) ecoregions between 1980 and 2019. Similar northwest\u2013southeast divergent trends were observed in the changing length of the snow-free season and correspondingly the fire season length. We observed increases (decreases) over northwestern (southeastern) boreal North America which coincided with a continental dipole in air temperature changes between 2001 and 2019. Earlier snow disappearance induced earlier ignitions of between 0.22 and 1.43\u2009d earlier per day of earlier snow disappearance in all ecoregions between 2001 and 2019. Early-season ignitions (defined by the 20\u2009% earliest fire ignitions per year) developed into significantly larger fires in 8 out of 16 ecoregions, being on average 77\u2009% larger across the whole domain. Using a piecewise structural equation model, we found that earlier snow disappearance is a good direct proxy for earlier ignitions but may also result in a cascade of effects from earlier desiccation of fuels and favorable weather conditions that lead to earlier ignitions. This indicates that snow disappearance timing is an important trigger of land\u2013atmosphere dynamics. Future warming and consequent changes in snow disappearance timing may contribute to further increases in western boreal fires, while it remains unclear how the number and timing of fire ignitions in eastern boreal North America may change with climate change.

", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "QE1-996.5", "03 medical and health sciences", "Ecology", "Life", "13. Climate action", "QH501-531", "Geology", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "QH540-549.5", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://bg.copernicus.org/articles/21/109/2024/bg-21-109-2024.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-109-2024"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biogeosciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/bg-21-109-2024", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/bg-21-109-2024", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/bg-21-109-2024"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-01-05T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/bg-7-315-2010", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:22:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-04-29", "description": "

Abstract. Global climate change in the real world always exhibits simultaneous changes in multiple factors. Prediction of ecosystem responses to multi-factor global changes in a future world strongly relies on our understanding of their interactions. However, it is still unclear how nitrogen (N) deposition and elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration [CO2] would interactively influence forest floor soil respiration in subtropical China. We assessed the main and interactive effects of elevated [CO2] and N addition on soil respiration by growing tree seedlings in ten large open-top chambers under CO2 (ambient CO2 and 700 \uffce\uffbcmol mol\uffe2\uff88\uff921) and nitrogen (ambient and 100 kg N ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921) treatments. Soil respiration, soil temperature and soil moisture were measured for 30 months, as well as above-ground biomass, root biomass and soil organic matter (SOM). Results showed that soil respiration displayed strong seasonal patterns with higher values observed in the wet season (April\uffe2\uff80\uff93September) and lower values in the dry season (October\uffe2\uff80\uff93March) in all treatments. Significant exponential relationships between soil respiration rates and soil temperatures, as well as significant linear relationships between soil respiration rates and soil moistures (below 15%) were found. Both CO2 and N treatments significantly affected soil respiration, and there was significant interaction between elevated [CO2] and N addition (p<0.001, p=0.003, and p=0.006, respectively). We also observed that the stimulatory effect of individual elevated [CO2] (about 29% increased) was maintained throughout the experimental period. The positive effect of N addition was found only in 2006 (8.17% increased), and then had been weakened over time. Their combined effect on soil respiration (about 50% increased) was greater than the impact of either one alone. Mean value of annual soil respiration was 5.32 \uffc2\uffb1 0.08, 4.54 \uffc2\uffb1 0.10, 3.56 \uffc2\uffb1 0.03 and 3.53 \uffc2\uffb1 0.03 kg CO2 m\uffe2\uff88\uff922 yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921 in the chambers exposed to elevated [CO2] and high N deposition (CN), elevated [CO2] and ambient N deposition (CC), ambient [CO2] and high N deposition (NN), and ambient [CO2] and ambient N deposition (CK as a control), respectively. Greater above-ground biomass and root biomass was obtained in the CN, CC and NN treatments, and higher soil organic matter was observed only in the CN treatment. In conclusion, the combined effect of elevated [CO2] and N addition on soil respiration was apparent interaction. They should be evaluated in combination in subtropical forest ecosystems in China where the atmospheric CO2 and N deposition have been increasing simultaneously and remarkably.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "QE1-996.5", "Ecology", "Geology", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Life", "13. Climate action", "QH501-531", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "QH540-549.5", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Qi Deng, Shuangquan Liu, Honglang Duan, Guoyi Zhou, Juxiu Liu, Dainan Zhang,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-7-315-2010"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biogeosciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/bg-7-315-2010", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/bg-7-315-2010", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/bg-7-315-2010"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-08-24T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/gmd-17-8023-2024", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:22:17Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-11-11", "title": "Simulating Ips typographus L. outbreak dynamics and their influence on carbon balance estimates with ORCHIDEE r8627", "description": "

Abstract. New (a)biotic conditions resulting from climate change are expected to change disturbance dynamics, such as windthrow, forest fires, droughts, and insect outbreaks, and their interactions. These unprecedented natural disturbance dynamics might alter the capability of forest ecosystems to buffer atmospheric CO2 increases, potentially leading forests to transform from sinks into sources of CO2. This study aims to enhance the ORCHIDEE land surface model to study the impacts of climate change on the dynamics of the bark beetle, Ips typographus, and subsequent effects on forest functioning. The Ips typographus outbreak model is inspired by previous work from Temperli et al.\u00a0(2013) for the LandClim landscape model. The new implementation of this model in ORCHIDEE r8627 accounts for key differences between ORCHIDEE and LandClim: (1)\u00a0the coarser spatial resolution of ORCHIDEE; (2)\u00a0the higher temporal resolution of ORCHIDEE; and (3)\u00a0the pre-existing process representation of windthrow, drought, and forest structure in ORCHIDEE. Simulation experiments demonstrated the capability of ORCHIDEE to simulate a variety of post-disturbance forest dynamics observed in empirical studies. Through an array of simulation experiments across various climatic conditions and windthrow intensities, the model was tested for its sensitivity to climate, initial disturbance, and selected parameter values. The results of these tests indicated that with a single set of parameters, ORCHIDEE outputs spanned the range of observed dynamics. Additional tests highlighted the substantial impact of incorporating Ips typographus outbreaks on carbon dynamics. Notably, the study revealed that modeling abrupt mortality events as opposed to a continuous mortality framework provides new insights into the short-term carbon sequestration potential of forests under disturbance regimes by showing that the continuous mortality framework tends to overestimate the carbon sink capacity of forests in the 20- to 50-year range in ecosystems under high disturbance pressure compared to scenarios with abrupt mortality events. This model enhancement underscores the critical need to include disturbance dynamics in land surface models to refine predictions of forest carbon dynamics in a changing climate.

", "keywords": ["[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "QE1-996.5", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "Geology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-8023-2024"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoscientific%20Model%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/gmd-17-8023-2024", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/gmd-17-8023-2024", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/gmd-17-8023-2024"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-11-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "11250/3212345", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:25:25Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-01-31", "title": "Contrasting seasonal patterns in particle aggregation and dissolved organic matter transformation in a sub-Arctic fjord", "description": "

Abstract. Particulate (POM) and dissolved (DOM) organic matter in the ocean are important components of the Earth's biogeochemical cycle. The two are in a constant state of dynamic change as a result of physical and biochemical processes; however, they are mostly treated as two distinct entities, separated operationally by a filter. We studied the seasonal transition of DOM and POM pools and their drivers in a sub-Arctic fjord by means of monthly environmental sampling and by performing experiments at selected time points. For the experiments, surface water (5\u2009m) was either pre-filtered through a GF/F filter (0.7\u2009\u00b5m) or left unfiltered, followed by 36\u2009h incubations. Before and after incubation, samples were collected for dissolved and particulate organic carbon concentrations (DOC, POC), extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs), microbial community (flow cytometry), and molecular composition of DOM (high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry \u2013 HPLC-HRMS). During the biologically productive period, when environmental POC concentrations were high (April, June, September), the filtered water showed an increase in POC concentrations. While POC concentrations increased in September, DOM lability decreased based on changes in the average hydrogen saturation and aromaticity of DOM molecules. In contrast, during the winter period (December and February), when environmental POC concentrations were low, lower concentrations of POC were measured at the end of the experiments compared to at the start. The change in POC concentrations was significantly different between the biologically productive period and the winter period (t test; p<0.05). Simultaneously, the DOM pool became more labile during the incubation period, as indicated by changes in the average hydrogen saturation, aromaticity, and oxygen saturation, with implications for carbon cycling. The change in POC was not directly associated with an antagonistic change in DOC concentrations, highlighting the complexity of organic matter transformations, making the dynamics between POC and DOC difficult to quantify. However, in both periods, bacterial activity and EPS concentrations increased throughout the incubations, showing that bacterial degradation and physical DOM aggregation drive the transformations of POM and DOM in concert but at varying degrees under different environmental conditions.

", "keywords": ["particulate organic carbon", "seasonal variation", "QE1-996.5", "Ecology", "saturation", "aggregation", "surface water", "fjord", "Geology", "biogeochemical cycle", "Milj\u00f6vetenskap", "dissolved organic carbon", "microbial activity", "environmental conditions", "Life", "QH501-531", "microbial community", "Environmental Sciences", "QH540-549.5"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/11250/3212345"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biogeosciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "11250/3212345", "name": "item", "description": "11250/3212345", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/11250/3212345"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-01-31T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "1871.1/0b041c5c-edd1-45f1-895d-546207d34a0a", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:25:41Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-03-21", "title": "Environmental drivers and remote sensing proxies of post-fire thaw depth in Eastern Siberian larch forests", "description": "

Abstract. Boreal fire regimes are intensifying because of climate change and the northern parts of boreal forests are underlain by permafrost. Boreal fires combust vegetation and organic soils, which insulate permafrost, and as such deepen the seasonally thawed active layer and can lead to further carbon emissions to the atmosphere. Current understanding of the environmental drivers of post-fire thaw depth is limited but of critical importance. In addition, mapping thaw depth over fire scars may enable a better understanding of the spatial variability in post-fire responses of permafrost soils. We assessed the environmental drivers of post-fire thaw depth using field data from a fire scar in a larch-dominated forest in the continuous permafrost zone in Eastern Siberia. Particularly, summer thaw depth was deeper in burned (mean = 127.3 cm, standard deviation (sd) = 27.7 cm) than in unburned (98.1 cm, sd = 26.9 cm) landscapes one year after the fire, yet the effect of fire was modulated by landscape and vegetation characteristics. We found deeper thaw in well-drained landscape positions, in open larch forest often intermixed with Scots pine, and in high severity burns. The environmental drivers, site moisture, forest type and density, and fire severity explained 73.4 % of the measured thaw depth variability at the study sites. In addition, we evaluated the relationships between field-measured thaw depth and several remote sensing proxies. Albedo, the differenced Normalized Burn Ratio (dNBR), land surface temperature (LST), and pre-fire Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) derived from Landsat 8 imagery together explained 66.3 % of the variability in field-measured thaw depth. Based on these remote sensing proxies and multiple linear regression analysis, we estimated thaw depth over the entire fire scar, and found that LST displayed particularly strong correlations with post-fire thaw depth (r = 0.65, p < 0.01). Our study reveals some of the governing processes of post-fire thaw depth development and shows the capability of Landsat imagery to estimate thaw depth at a landscape scale.

", "keywords": ["Dynamic and structural geology", "QE1-996.5", "13. Climate action", "Science", "Q", "Geology", "QE500-639.5", "Deforestation", "15. Life on land", "Landsat", "Multiple linear regression", "Atmospheric temperature"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://esd.copernicus.org/articles/15/1459/2024/esd-15-1459-2024.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/1871.1/0b041c5c-edd1-45f1-895d-546207d34a0a"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Earth%20System%20Dynamics", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "1871.1/0b041c5c-edd1-45f1-895d-546207d34a0a", "name": "item", "description": "1871.1/0b041c5c-edd1-45f1-895d-546207d34a0a", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/1871.1/0b041c5c-edd1-45f1-895d-546207d34a0a"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-03-21T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "1871.1/bbc7e25d-d1b9-4c7d-baa4-1a09012f06b2", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:25:42Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-11-21", "title": "Global biomass burning fuel consumption and emissions at 500\u2009m spatial resolution based on the Global Fire Emissions Database (GFED)", "description": "

Abstract. In fire emission models, the spatial resolution of both the modelling framework and the satellite data used to quantify burned area can have considerable impact on emission estimates. Consideration of this sensitivity is especially important in areas with heterogeneous land cover and fire regimes and when constraining model output with field measurements. We developed a global fire emissions model with a spatial resolution of 500\u2009m using MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data. To accommodate this spatial resolution, our model is based on a simplified version of the Global Fire Emissions Database (GFED) modelling framework. Tree mortality as a result of fire, i.e.\u00a0fire-related forest loss, was modelled based on the overlap between 30\u2009m forest loss data and MODIS burned area and active fire detections. Using this new 500\u2009m model, we calculated global average carbon emissions from fire of 2.1\u00b10.2 (\u00b11\u03c3 interannual variability, IAV)\u2009Pg\u2009C\u2009yr\u22121 during 2002\u20132020. Fire-related forest loss accounted for 2.6\u00b10.7\u2009% (uncertainty range =1.9\u2009%\u20133.3\u2009%) of global burned area and 24\u00b16\u2009% (uncertainty range =16\u2009%\u201331\u2009%) of emissions, indicating that fuel consumption in forest fires is an order of magnitude higher than the global average. Emissions from the combustion of soil organic carbon (SOC) in the boreal region and tropical peatlands accounted for 13\u00b14\u2009% of global emissions. Our global fire emissions estimate was higher than the 1.5\u2009Pg\u2009C\u2009yr\u22121 from GFED4 and similar to 2.1\u2009Pg\u2009C\u2009yr\u22121 from GFED4s. Even though GFED4s included more burned area by accounting for small fires undetected by the MODIS burned area mapping algorithm, our emissions were similar to GFED4s due to higher average fuel consumption. The global difference in fuel consumption could mainly be explained by higher SOC emissions from the boreal region as constrained by additional measurements. The higher resolution of the 500\u2009m model also contributed to the difference by improving the simulation of landscape heterogeneity and reducing the scale mismatch in comparing field measurements to model grid cell averages during model calibration. Furthermore, the fire-related forest loss algorithm introduced in our model led to more accurate and widespread estimation of high-fuel-consumption burned area. Recent advances in burned area detection at resolutions of 30\u2009m and finer show a substantial amount of burned area that remains undetected with 500\u2009m sensors, suggesting that global carbon emissions from fire are likely higher than our 500\u2009m estimates. The ability to model fire emissions at 500\u2009m resolution provides a framework for further improvements with the development of new satellite-based estimates of fuels, burned area, and fire behaviour, for use in the next generation of GFED.

", "keywords": ["QE1-996.5", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "Geology", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/1871.1/bbc7e25d-d1b9-4c7d-baa4-1a09012f06b2"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoscientific%20Model%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "1871.1/bbc7e25d-d1b9-4c7d-baa4-1a09012f06b2", "name": "item", "description": "1871.1/bbc7e25d-d1b9-4c7d-baa4-1a09012f06b2", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/1871.1/bbc7e25d-d1b9-4c7d-baa4-1a09012f06b2"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-05-30T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.sandf.2023.101332", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:16:54Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-06-20", "title": "Addressing the challenges of homogeneity, quality control and waste handling in soil bio-cementation: A large-scale experiment", "description": "In an attempt to go beyond the conventional laboratory experiments widely reported in literature around the emerging technique of soil bio-cementation, this work addresses key challenges related to its large-scale application. Precisely, a state-of-the-art installation with a draining bottom boundary is introduced and a novel treatment strategy, based on ex-situ hydrolysis within a 1000 L bioreactor, is described. Hydrolyzed solutions are injected in a tank filled with 0\u20134\u00a0mm sand, via a system of eight injection tubes to treat a total surface of 40\u00a0m2 across a depth of 2\u00a0m. A multilevel, spatial and temporal quality control system is used to monitor the injection processes across several cycles via chemical and hydraulic means. In total, 20.8\u00a0m3 of reactant solutions are supplied to the targeted zone, equal to one pore volume and over 120 chemical analyses are carried-out. Reaction efficiencies overall exceeded 80%, while by increasing the number of treatment cycles, and thus calcification levels, a gradual increase in the recorded pressure at the injection inlet was captured, that reached up to 75\u00a0kPa. Zones where the injection pressure increased the most are found to yield better resistance in the vicinity of the corresponding injection tube. A dynamic penetrometer campaign reveals that increase in the tip resistance, is found to exceed 5\u00a0MPa and yields more homogenous response across the bottom 0.5\u00a0m of the tank, which is believed to reflect the effect of initial confinement on the deposition of calcite. For the zones with the highest cementation, correlated \u03c6\u2019 values yield a 5\u00b0 increase, while the oedometric modulus is found to double. The results suggest that ex-situ bio-cementation, where hydrolysis occurs in bioreactors instead of inside the soil mass, is capable of yielding similar precipitation efficiencies and mechanical improvement compared to traditional bio-cementation, where bacteria are injected directly into the soil. Finally, the monitoring of MICP at the scale of typical geotechnical works is discussed along with the problematic of residual ammonium, which in this study is found to reach absorded quantities of 4\u00a0mol/L.", "keywords": ["MICP", "Upscaling", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Quality control", "Dynamic penetrometer", "TA703-712", "Engineering geology. Rock mechanics. Soil mechanics. Underground construction", "02 engineering and technology", "Field testing", "6. Clean water", "0201 civil engineering"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Harran, Ray, Terzis, Dimitrios, Laloui, Lyesse,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sandf.2023.101332"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soils%20and%20Foundations", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.sandf.2023.101332", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.sandf.2023.101332", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.sandf.2023.101332"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "0c6c5bbc-20a7-4011-8585-7befb511a4b4", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2024-09-24T14:57:55", "type": "Dataset", "language": "en", "title": "GSI GEMAS European Geochemical Data", "description": "The GEMAS Dataset is based on low density geochemical sampling of agriculture (Ap) and Grassland (Gr) Soils across 34 European countries. Sample density covering an area of 5.6 million km\u00b2 of 1 site each, arable land (0-20\u00a0cm) and land under permanent grass cover (0-10\u00a0cm), per 2\u00a0500\u00a0km\u00b2. The Geochemical Mapping of Agricultural and GRAZING Land Soil comprises more than 70 chemical elements and parameters determined on more than 4000 soil samples. The geochemistry of European agriculture and grazing Soils are depicted graphically on maps of the GEMAS geochemical atlas. In 2016 the Geological Survey of Ireland as a European partner contributes to GEMAS and EGDI (European Geological Data Infrastructure) with provision of a GIS Spatial data classification and publication of WMS geochemical web mapping services to support European data interoperability of EGDI web portal. The GIS GEMAS sample classification was constructed in ArcGIS 10.1 and the original GEMAS Dataset is available as ESRI shapefile format.", "formats": [{"name": "ESRI REST"}], "keywords": ["agricultural-soil", "analysis", "arable-land", "arable-land-groundwater", "chemical", "chemistry", "continental-scale", "earth-science", "egdi", "environment", "europe", "european-soil-analysis", "forensic-chemistry", "gemas", "geochemical", "geochemical-analysis", "geochemical-mapping", "geology", "geoscientificinformation", "grazing-land", "groundwater", "heavy-metals", "ie", "ireland", "land", "lithosphere", "mapping", "metal", "micka", "pedosphere", "science", "soil", "soil-nutrient", "toxic-element", "trace-element"], "contacts": [{"organization": "https://data.gov.ie/organization/geological-survey-of-ireland", "roles": ["publisher"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://data.geus.dk/egdi/?mapname=egdi_new_structure#baslay=baseMapGEUS&optlay=&extent=1237790%2C1796730%2C4849410%2C4619780&%20target=_blank"}, {"href": "https://gemas.eurogeosurveys.org/"}, {"href": "https://gsi.geodata.gov.ie/downloads/Geochemistry/Data/IE_GSI_GEMAS_Geochemistry_Agricultural_Grazing_Land_Soil_EU_WGS84.zip"}, {"href": "https://gsi.geodata.gov.ie/server/rest/services/Geochemistry/IE_GSI_GEMAS_Geochemistry_Agricultural_Grazing_Land_Soil_EU_WGS84/MapServer"}, {"href": "https://gsi.geodata.gov.ie/server/rest/services/Geochemistry/IE_GSI_GEMAS_Geochemistry_Agricultural_Grazing_Land_Soil_EU_WGS84/MapServer?f=pjson"}, {"href": "https://gsi.geodata.gov.ie/server/services/Geochemistry/IE_GSI_GEMAS_Geochemistry_Agricultural_Grazing_Land_Soil_EU_WGS84/MapServer/WMSServer?request=GetCapabilities&service=WMS"}, {"href": "http://data.europa.eu/88u/dataset/0c6c5bbc-20a7-4011-8585-7befb511a4b4"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "0c6c5bbc-20a7-4011-8585-7befb511a4b4", "name": "item", "description": "0c6c5bbc-20a7-4011-8585-7befb511a4b4", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/0c6c5bbc-20a7-4011-8585-7befb511a4b4"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"null": "date"}}, {"id": "0cc96f57-a784-4cda-b7e5-43a585c5b045", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[15.76, 44.99], [15.76, 45.67], [17.2, 45.67], [17.2, 44.99], [15.76, 44.99]]]}, "properties": {"updated": "2022-02-28", "type": "Service", "language": "hrv", "title": "Geohazardi - WFS", "description": "The spatial layers of the geohazard available through this service have been prepared within the framework of the \u2018Study on seismically induced effects of the Petrinja earthquake series 2020-2021. - preliminary identification of risks\u2019, which is an expert basis drawn up on the basis of the Agreement on Business-Technical Cooperation between the Ministry of Physical Planning, Construction and State Assets of the Republic of Croatia and the faculties and chambers, concluded on 26 April 2021. (CLASS: 023-01/21-01/87, ref. No: 531-03-21-1). The study was created as a result of the project Geological, engineering geological, hydrogeological and geophysical research for the purpose of defining an effective concept of organized reconstruction in the areas affected by the earthquake. The authors of the study are the Faculty of Mining, Geology and Petroleum Engineering of the University of Zagreb (UNIZG-RGNF) and the Faculty of Civil Engineering of the University of Rijeka (UNIRI-GF).", "formats": [{"name": "OGC:WFS"}], "keywords": ["Soil", "Land use", "Natural risk zones", "Geology", "inspiregeoportal", "studija", "geohazardi", "likvefakcija", "klizi\u0161ta", "vrta\u010de", "rizici", "podlo\u017enost", "Petrinja"], "contacts": [{"name": null, "organization": "Ministarstvo prostornoga ure\u0111enja, graditeljstva i dr\u017eavne imovine", "position": null, "roles": ["custodian"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "ISPU-help@mpgi.hr"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Ulica Republike Austrije 20"], "city": "Zagreb", "administrativeArea": "RH", "postalCode": "10000", "country": "Hrvatska"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}], "themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "Soil"}, {"id": "Land use"}, {"id": "Natural risk zones"}, {"id": "Geology"}], "scheme": "http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/inspire_themes"}], "title_alternate": "WFS - geohazardi (likvefakcija, vrta\u010de, klizi\u0161ta, podzemne vode)"}, "links": [{"href": "https://gis1.mgipu.hr/srv1/RGN_MGIPU_Public/wfs?service=WFS&request=GetCapabilities", "protocol": "OGC:WFS", "rel": ""}, {"href": "https://gis2.mgipu.hr/srv1/RGN_MGIPU_Public/wfs?service=WFS&request=GetCapabilities", "protocol": "OGC:WFS", "rel": ""}, {"href": "https://gis3.mgipu.hr/srv1/RGN_MGIPU_Public/wfs?service=WFS&request=GetCapabilities", "protocol": "OGC:WFS", "rel": ""}, {"href": "https://gis4.mgipu.hr/srv1/RGN_MGIPU_Public/wfs?service=WFS&request=GetCapabilities", "protocol": "OGC:WFS", "rel": ""}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "0cc96f57-a784-4cda-b7e5-43a585c5b045", "name": "item", "description": "0cc96f57-a784-4cda-b7e5-43a585c5b045", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/0cc96f57-a784-4cda-b7e5-43a585c5b045"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"interval": ["2020-01-01T00:00:00Z", "2021-07-30T23:45:00Z"]}}, {"id": "10.1002/cli2.19", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:14:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-10-21", "title": "An alert system for Seasonal Fire probability forecast for South American Protected Areas", "description": "Abstract

Timely spatially explicit warning of areas with high fire occurrence probability is an important component of strategic plans to prevent and monitor fires within South American (SA) Protected Areas (PAs). In this study, we present a five\uffe2\uff80\uff90level alert system, which combines both climatological and anthropogenic factors, the two main drivers of fires in SA. The alert levels are: High Alert, Alert, Attention, Observation and Low Probability. The trend in the number of active fires over the past three years and the accumulated number of active fires over the same period were used as indicators of intensification of human use of fire in that region, possibly associated with ongoing land use/land cover change (LULCC). An ensemble of temperature and precipitation gridded output from the GloSea5 Seasonal Forecast System was used to indicate an enhanced probability of hot and dry weather conditions that combined with LULCC favour fire occurrences. Alerts from this system were first issued in August 2020, for the period ranging from August to October (ASO) 2020. Overall, 50% of all fires observed during the ASO 2017\uffe2\uff80\uff932019 period and 40% of the ASO 2020 fires occurred in only 29 PAs were all categorized in the top two alert levels. In categories mapped as High Alert level, 34% of the PAs experienced an increase in fires compared with the 2017\uffe2\uff80\uff932019 reference period, and 81% of the High Alert false alarm registered fire occurrence above the median. Initial feedback from stakeholders indicates that these alerts were used to inform resource management in some PAs. We expect that these forecasts can provide continuous information aiming at changing societal perceptions of fire use and consequently subsidize strategic planning and mitigatory actions, focusing on timely responses to a disaster risk management strategy. Further research must focus on the model improvement and knowledge translation to stakeholders.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Atmospheric Science", "Land cover", "Flood Risk", "Precipitation", "01 natural sciences", "Environmental science", "Impact of Climate Change on Forest Wildfires", "Global Flood Risk Assessment and Management", "Meteorology", "Engineering", "Machine learning", "False alarm", "Civil engineering", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "Climatology", "Global and Planetary Change", "Tropical Cyclone Intensity and Climate Change", "Geography", "Warning system", "Geology", "FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences", "15. Life on land", "Computer science", "Earth and Planetary Sciences", "13. Climate action", "Environmental Science", "Physical Sciences", "Land use", "Telecommunications", "FOS: Civil engineering"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://rmets.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/cli2.19"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/cli2.19"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Climate%20Resilience%20and%20Sustainability", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/cli2.19", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/cli2.19", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/cli2.19"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-10-20T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/ecy.2199", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:14:13Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-02-27", "title": "Temperature and aridity regulate spatial variability of soil multifunctionality in drylands across the globe", "description": "Abstract

The relationship between the spatial variability of soil multifunctionality (i.e., the capacity of soils to conduct multiple functions; SVM) and major climatic drivers, such as temperature and aridity, has never been assessed globally in terrestrial ecosystems. We surveyed 236 dryland ecosystems from six continents to evaluate the relative importance of aridity and mean annual temperature, and of other abiotic (e.g., texture) and biotic (e.g., plant cover) variables as drivers of SVM, calculated as the averaged coefficient of variation for multiple soil variables linked to nutrient stocks and cycling. We found that increases in temperature and aridity were globally correlated to increases in SVM. Some of these climatic effects on SVM were direct, but others were indirectly driven through reductions in the number of vegetation patches and increases in soil sand content. The predictive capacity of our structural equation\uffc2\uffa0modelling was clearly higher for the spatial variability of N\uffe2\uff80\uff90 than for C\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and P\uffe2\uff80\uff90related soil variables. In the case of N cycling, the effects of temperature and aridity were both direct and indirect via changes in soil properties. For C and P, the effect of climate was mainly indirect via changes in plant attributes. These results suggest that future changes in climate may decouple the spatial availability of these elements for plants and microbes in dryland soils. Our findings significantly advance our understanding of the patterns and mechanisms driving SVM in drylands across the globe, which is critical for predicting changes in ecosystem functioning in response to climate change.Response\uffe2\uff80\uff90history nonlinear dynamic analysis is an analytical tool that often sees use in risk\uffe2\uff80\uff90oriented earthquake engineering applications. In the context of performance\uffe2\uff80\uff90based earthquake engineering, dynamic analysis serves to obtain a probabilistic description of seismic structural vulnerability. This typically involves subjecting a nonlinear numerical computer model to a set of ground\uffe2\uff80\uff90motions that represent a sample of possible realizations of base acceleration at the site of interest. The analysis results are then used to calibrate a stochastic model that describes structural response as a function of shaking intensity. The sample size of the ground\uffe2\uff80\uff90motion record set is nowadays usually governed by computation\uffe2\uff80\uff90demand constraints, yet it directly affects the uncertainty in estimation of seismic response. The present study uses analytical and numerical means to investigate the record sample size, n, required to achieve quantifiable levels of mean relative estimation error on seismic risk metrics. Regression\uffe2\uff80\uff90based cloud analysis in the context of Cornell's reliability method and incremental dynamic analysis using various intensity measures were employed to derive a relation of the form , where \uffce\uff94 is a parameter that depends on both the dispersion of structural responses and the shape of the hazard curve at the site. For the cases examined, n can be kept in the 40 to 100 range and achieve 10% mean relative error. The study can contribute to guide engineers towards an informed a\uffe2\uff80\uff90priori assessment of the number of records needed to achieve a desired value for the coefficient of variation of the estimator of structural seismic risk.

", "keywords": ["seismic reliability", "fragility function", "nonlinear dynamic analysis", "Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "fragility function; ground motion record selection; nonlinear dynamic analysis; seismic reliability; Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology; Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)", "02 engineering and technology", "Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology", "ground motion record selection"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/eqe.3145"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.3145"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Earthquake%20Engineering%20%26amp%3B%20Structural%20Dynamics", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/eqe.3145", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/eqe.3145", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/eqe.3145"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-12-16T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/vzj2.20059", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:14:22Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-08-12", "title": "Effects of microplastics and earthworm burrows on soil macropore water flow within a laboratory soil column setup", "description": "Abstract

Several earlier studies reported that microplastics (MP) accumulated on soil surfaces could be transported into the subsoil and ingested by soil biota, such as earthworms. The present study explores how networks of earthworm burrows and MP (low\uffe2\uff80\uff90density polyethylene, LDPE) in subsoil affect the soil hydraulic properties and saturated water flow. A repacked and saturated sandy soil column experiment was conducted in an environment\uffe2\uff80\uff90controlled laboratory with earthworms (anecic, Lumbricus terrestris) inoculated into the soil columns to form networks of macropore. The macropore network parameters (i.e., number, length, volume, diameter, soil saturated conductivity, and tracer breakthrough curves of soil columns) have been determined. The relative arrival times of the tracer mass (i.e. T5%, T25%, and T50%) were determined in order to describe the shapes of the breakthrough curves. The results show that in some breakthrough curves for the treatments with earthworms, there are two peaks. This is an indication that water was flowing faster in the macropores than in the soil matrix. There is a significant correlation between 5% arrival time and the median burrow volume, and the correlation coefficient was .571 (at the level of p\uffc2\uffa0<\uffc2\uffa0.05). The formation of macropores due to the burrowing activities of earthworms is considered the main cause of nonequilibrium water flow in the present study. The MP did not show any significant effect on the saturated water flow. This may be attribute to the low concentrations of MP used in the present study.

", "keywords": ["Environmental sciences", "QE1-996.5", "Life Science", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "GE1-350", "Geology", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/vzj2.20059"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/vzj2.20059"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Vadose%20Zone%20Journal", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/vzj2.20059", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/vzj2.20059", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/vzj2.20059"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/vzj2.20115", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:14:22Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-05-26", "title": "Geophysics conquering new territories: The rise of \u201cagrogeophysics\u201d", "description": "Abstract

Agriculture is facing immense challenges. We have to produce enough food while safe\uffe2\uff80\uff90guarding the environment for future generations. This results in the need to use less water and fertilizer, and to harness soil quality. Key to achieving this goal is improving the understanding of processes and interactions governing the soil\uffe2\uff80\uff93plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93atmosphere continuum of agricultural ecosystems. Geophysical tools have great potential to better characterize and quantify these processes noninvasively from the plot to landscape scale. Nevertheless, a number of challenges remain for geophysical results to be better exploited by different scientific communities and by decision\uffe2\uff80\uff90makers. In this special section, we explore ongoing research in the relatively new field of agrogeophysics, and we provide an overview of potential applications and highlight future research needs.

", "keywords": ["Environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "QE1-996.5", "13. Climate action", "0208 environmental biotechnology", "0207 environmental engineering", "GE1-350", "Geology", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.research.unipd.it/bitstream/11577/3449433/2/Vadose%20Zone%20Journal%20-%202021%20-%20Garr%c3%a9%20-%20Geophysics%20conquering%20new%20territories%20The%20rise%20of%20agrogeophysics.pdf"}, {"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/vzj2.20115"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/vzj2.20115"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Vadose%20Zone%20Journal", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/vzj2.20115", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/vzj2.20115", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/vzj2.20115"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-05-26T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/vzj2.20227", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:14:22Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-08-31", "title": "Analyzing dual porosity in soil hydraulic properties using soil databases for pedotransfer function development", "description": "Abstract

Current databases of soil hydraulic properties (SHPs) have typically been used to develop pedotransfer functions (PTFs) to estimate water retention [\uffce\uffb8( h )] assuming a unimodal pore\uffe2\uff80\uff90size distribution. However, natural soils often show the presence of bimodal to multimodal pore\uffe2\uff80\uff90size distributions. Here, we used three widely spread databases for PTF development: UNsaturated SOil hydraulic DAtabase (UNSODA) 2.0, Vereecken, and European hydropedological data inventory (EU\uffe2\uff80\uff90HYDI), to analyze the presence of structural effects in both \uffce\uffb8( h ) and hydraulic conductivity [ K ( h )]. Only undisturbed samples were included in the analysis that contained enough datapoints for both \uffce\uffb8( h ) and K ( h ) properties, especially in the wet range. One\uffe2\uff80\uff90hundred ninety\uffe2\uff80\uff90two samples were suitable for our analysis, which is only 1% of the total samples in the three databases. Results showed that 65% of the samples exhibited a bimodal pore\uffe2\uff80\uff90size distribution, and bimodality was not limited to fine\uffe2\uff80\uff90textured but also coarser\uffe2\uff80\uff90textured soils. The Mualem\uffe2\uff80\uff93van Genuchten (MvG) expression for both unimodal and bimodal soils was not able to predict the observed unsaturated K . Only a joint fitting of measured \uffce\uffb8( h ) and K ( h ) functions provided parameter estimates that were able to describe unsaturated K for uni\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and bimodal soils. In addition, we observed a negative relationship between \uffce\uffb1 and n in the case of low sand content (<52%) for both unimodal and bimodal matrix domain properties, contradicting the classical notion. The ratio of \uffce\uffb1 for the macropore and matrix domain was positively correlated with the fraction of macropores and sand content. We anticipate that the results will contribute to deriving PTF for structured soils and avoid unrealistic combinations of MvG parameters. Plant root systems are exposed to spatial and temporal heterogeneity regarding water availability. In the long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term, compensation, increased uptake by roots in areas with favorable conditions in response to decreased uptake in areas under stress, is driven by root growth and distribution. In the short\uffe2\uff80\uff90term (hours\uffe2\uff80\uff93days), compensative processes are less understood. We hypothesized hydraulic compensation where local lowered water availability is accompanied by increased uptake from areas where water remains available. Our objective was to quantify instantaneous hydraulic root uptake under conditions of differential water availability. Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) plants were grown in split\uffe2\uff80\uff90root weighing\uffe2\uff80\uff90drainage lysimeters in which each half of the roots could alternatively be exposed to short\uffe2\uff80\uff90term conditions of salinity. Uptake was quantified from each of the two root zone compartments. One\uffe2\uff80\uff90sided exposure to salinity immediately led to less uptake from the salt\uffe2\uff80\uff90affected compartment and increased uptake from the nontreated compartment. Compensation occurred at salinity, caused by NaCl solution of 4 dS m\uffe2\uff88\uff921, that did not decrease uptake in plants with entire root systems exposed. At higher salinity, 6.44 dS m\uffe2\uff88\uff921, transpiration decreased by \uffe2\uff88\uffbc50% when the total root system was exposed. When only half of the roots were exposed, total uptake was maintained at levels of nonstressed plants with as much as 85% occurring from the nontreated compartment. The extent of compensation was not absolute and apparently a function of salinity, atmospheric demand, and duration of exposure. As long as there is no hydraulic restriction in other areas, temporary reduction in water availability in some parts of a tomato's root zone will not affect plant\uffe2\uff80\uff90scale transpiration. Soils and the vadose zone are the major terrestrial repository of carbon (C) in the form of soil organic matter (SOM), more resistant black carbon (BC), and inorganic carbonate. Differentiating between these pools is important for assessing vulnerability to degradation and changes in the C cycle affecting soil health and climate regulation. Major monitoring programs from field to continent are now being undertaken to track changes in soil carbon (SC). Inexpensive, robust measures that can differentiate small changes in the C pools in a single measurement are highly desirable for long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term monitoring. In this study, we assess the accuracy and precision of thermo\uffe2\uff80\uff90gravimetric analysis (TGA) using organic matter standards, clay minerals, and soils from a national data set. We investigate the use of TGA to routinely differentiate between C pools, something no single measurement has yet achieved. Based on the kinetic nature of thermal oxidation of SC combined with the different thermodynamic stabilities of the molecules, we designed a new method to quantify the inorganic and organic SC and further separate the organic biogeochemically active SOM (as loss on ignition, LOI) from the resistant BC in soils. We analyze the TGA spectrums of a national soil monitoring data set ( n = 456) and measure total carbon (TC) using thermal oxidation and also demonstrate a TC/LOI relationship of 0.55 for soils ranging from mineral soils to peat for the United Kingdom consistent with previous monitoring campaigns. Common parametrizations of soil hydraulic properties rely on unimodal curves, which cannot accurately represent the properties of many macroporous, aggregated, mixed, or compacted soils. Multimodal hydraulic curves are increasingly used to represent these structured soils in eco\uffe2\uff80\uff90hydrological models, but the dynamics of the processes that shape soil structure\uffe2\uff80\uff94and the resulting dynamics of soil hydraulic properties\uffe2\uff80\uff94are often neglected. In cases such as compaction recovery, where the structure\uffe2\uff80\uff90shaping process can be modeled, coupling the evolving pore volumes to soil hydraulic properties in a physically based way remains challenging. Here, we show how modeled or estimated soil structure evolution, when expressed as a time series of porosities in a few pore size classes, can be assimilated into established models of soil hydraulic properties. Our method relies on the division of retention models into smooth segments, whose water contents can be independently adjusted. We apply the approach to examples of modeled soil structure evolution from the published literature: one describing soil structure recovery after compaction and one describing structure formation as a result of organic amendment. In the cases considered, the estimated soil hydraulic conductivity varies more strongly than the modeled porosity which drives it. This shows that transport\uffe2\uff80\uff90related soil functions can be impacted longer (after compaction) or sooner (after amendment) than suggested by the evolution of structural metrics such as porosity. In general, modeling the evolution of soil hydraulic properties in cases such as these paves the way for holistic, process\uffe2\uff80\uff90based modeling of land management practices and their impact on soil\uffc2\uffa0functioning.Spatially distributed properties of the subsurface result in varying water saturation and preferential flow paths, which lead to heterogeneous solute transport patterns and heterogeneous microbial environments. This, in turn, influences the distribution of nutrients and energy gradients, microbial biomass, and activity thereof. By their very nature, current field sampling techniques do not resolve subsampling scale heterogeneities in microbial biomass and activity, resulting in inaccurate estimates of microbially mediated carbon and nitrogen turnover in the heterogeneous subsurface. Thus, in this study, we undertook a numerical modeling approach to study the impact of spatial heterogeneity on microbially mediated carbon and nitrogen turnover in the vadose zone. We adapted an established biogeochemical process network that captures a variety of respiration pathways, carbon decomposition strategies, and microbial life processes to simulate microbially mediated carbon and nitrogen turnover in variably saturated spatially heterogeneous settings, using an established numerical tool (OGS#BRNS). The fractionation of microbial communities into active and inactive states, as well as immobile and mobile states followed could be linked to the bulk average saturation. Lastly, we identified three reactive systems, distinguished by the rate ratio of aerobic respiration and transfer of oxygen from the air to the water phase, to evaluate the impact of spatial heterogeneity on carbon and nitrogen removal in subsurface heterogeneous domains. Specifically, when this ratio is approximately 1, there is no impact on carbon removal, while when this ratio is very high, then carbon removal decreases as the domain tends to be oxygen limited. Soil moisture (SM) plays a significant role in the earth's water balance and in optimizing land management practices. However, SM at the field scale is difficult to map from available point measurements due to the inherent heterogeneity of soil and terrain properties and temporal dynamics of weather conditions. In this study, we explored the potential of four machine learning (ML) methods (random forest, gradient boosted regression trees, support vector regression, and neural networks) to predict SM in a grassland hillslope in space and time using auxiliary variables on soil and terrain properties and weather conditions. For training and testing the ML models, we used SM point measurements obtained by a sensor network. Performance metrics varied between the ML methods and the training\uffe2\uff80\uff90test data split ( R 2 = 0.48\uffe2\uff80\uff930.69, root\uffe2\uff80\uff90mean\uffe2\uff80\uff90square error [RMSE] = 0.06\uffe2\uff80\uff930.10). Random forests and gradient\uffe2\uff80\uff90boosted regression trees turned out to be promising and easy to parametrize as first choices to explore the potential of ML techniques. The day of the year emerged as an important feature to predict SM across models and can thus serve as a proxy for seasonal hydroclimatic variability. To enable the transfer of the application to other contexts or sites, we provide the modeling workflow as an open\uffe2\uff80\uff90source computational Python module. Quantifying the upper limit of stable soil carbon storage is essential for guiding policies to increase soil carbon storage. One pool of carbon considered particularly stable across climate zones and soil types is formed when dissolved organic carbon sorbs to minerals. We quantified, for the first time, the potential of mineral soils to sorb additional dissolved organic carbon (DOC) for six soil orders. We compiled 402 laboratory sorption experiments to estimate the additional DOC sorption potential, that is the potential of excess DOC sorption in addition to the existing background level already sorbed in each soil sample. We estimated this potential using gridded climate and soil geochemical variables within a machine learning model. We find that mid- and low-latitude soils and subsoils have a greater capacity to store DOC by sorption compared to high-latitude soils and topsoils. The global additional DOC sorption potential for six soil orders is estimated to be 107 $$ pm$$ \uffc2\uffb1 13 Pg C to 1\uffc2\uffa0m depth. If this potential was realized, it would represent a 7% increase in the existing total carbon stock.Greenhouse gas (GHGs) emissions from peatlands contribute significantly to ongoing climate change because of human land use. To develop reliable and comprehensive estimates and predictions of GHG emissions from peatlands, it is necessary to have GHG observations, including carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O), that cover different peatland types globally. We synthesize published peatland studies with field GHG flux measurements to identify gaps in observations and suggest directions for future research. Although GHG flux measurements have been conducted at numerous sites globally, substantial gaps remain in current observations, encompassing various peatland types, regions and GHGs. Generally, there is a pressing need for additional GHG observations in Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean regions. Despite widespread measurements of CO2 and CH4, studies quantifying N2O emissions from peatlands are scarce, particularly in natural ecosystems. To expand the global coverage of peatland data, it is crucial to conduct more eddy covariance observations for long-term monitoring. Automated chambers are preferable for plot-scale observations to produce high temporal resolution data; however, traditional field campaigns with manual chamber measurements remain necessary, particularly in remote areas. To ensure that the data can be further used for modeling purposes, we suggest that chamber campaigns should be conducted at least monthly for a minimum duration of one year with no fewer than three replicates and measure key environmental variables. In addition, further studies are needed in restored peatlands, focusing on identifying the most effective restoration approaches for different ecosystem types, conditions, climates, and land use histories.An essential task of agricultural systems is to improve internal phosphorus (P) recycling. Cover crops and tillage reduction can increase sustainability, but it is not known whether stimulation of the soil microbial community can increase the availability of soil organic P pools.

Methods

In a field experiment in southwest Germany, the effects of a winter cover crop mixture (vs. bare fallow) and no-till (vs. non-inversion tillage) on microbial P-cycling were assessed with soybean as the main crop. Microbial biomass, phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs), P cycling enzymes, and carbon-substrate use capacity were linked for the first time with the lability of organic P pools measured by enzyme addition assays (using phosphodiesterase, non-phytase-phosphomonoesterase and fungal phytase).

Results

Microbial phosphorus, phosphatase, and fatty acids increased under cover crops, indicating an enhanced potential for organic P cycling. Enzyme-stable organic P shifted towards enzyme-labile organic P pools. Effects of no-till were weaker, and a synergy with cover crops was not evident.

Conclusions

In this experiment, cover crops were able to increase the microbially mediated internal P cycling in a non-P-limited, temperate agroecosystems.

Abstract. Fire is the dominant disturbance agent in Alaskan and Canadian boreal ecosystems and releases large amounts of carbon into the atmosphere. Burned area and carbon emissions have been increasing with climate change, which have the potential to alter the carbon balance and shift the region from a historic sink to a source. It is therefore critically important to track the spatiotemporal changes in burned area and fire carbon emissions over time. Here we developed a new burned-area detection algorithm between 2001\u20132019 across Alaska and Canada at 500\u2009m (meters) resolution that utilizes finer-scale 30\u2009m Landsat imagery to account for land cover unsuitable for burning. This method strictly balances omission and commission errors at 500\u2009m to derive accurate landscape- and regional-scale burned-area estimates. Using this new burned-area product, we developed statistical models to predict burn depth and carbon combustion for the same period within the NASA Arctic\u2013Boreal Vulnerability Experiment (ABoVE) core and extended domain. Statistical models were constrained using a database of field observations across the domain and were related to a variety of response variables including remotely sensed indicators of fire severity, fire weather indices, local climate, soils, and topographic indicators. The burn depth and aboveground combustion models performed best, with poorer performance for belowground combustion. We estimate 2.37\u00d7106\u2009ha (2.37\u2009Mha) burned annually between 2001\u20132019 over the ABoVE domain (2.87\u2009Mha across all of Alaska and Canada), emitting 79.3\u2009\u00b1\u200927.96\u2009Tg (\u00b11 standard deviation) of carbon (C) per year, with a mean combustion rate of 3.13\u2009\u00b1\u20091.17\u2009kg\u2009C\u2009m\u22122. Mean combustion and burn depth displayed a general gradient of higher severity in the northwestern portion of the domain to lower severity in the south and east. We also found larger-fire years and later-season burning were generally associated with greater mean combustion. Our estimates are generally consistent with previous efforts to quantify burned area, fire carbon emissions, and their drivers in regions within boreal North America; however, we generally estimate higher burned area and carbon emissions due to our use of Landsat imagery, greater availability of field observations, and improvements in modeling. The burned area and combustion datasets described here (the ABoVE Fire Emissions Database, or ABoVE-FED) can be used for local- to continental-scale applications of boreal fire science.

", "keywords": ["QE1-996.5", "Carbon Emissions", "Ecology", "Life", "13. Climate action", "QH501-531", "limate change", "Geology", "15. Life on land", "Boreal ecosystems", "QH540-549.5"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/1871.1/891883ee-807c-4e15-9e00-d1ffccbd195f"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biogeosciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "1871.1/891883ee-807c-4e15-9e00-d1ffccbd195f", "name": "item", "description": "1871.1/891883ee-807c-4e15-9e00-d1ffccbd195f", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/1871.1/891883ee-807c-4e15-9e00-d1ffccbd195f"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-09-29T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.catena.2015.10.018", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:15:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-10-26", "title": "Grazing Exclusion Significantly Improves Grassland Ecosystem C And N Pools In A Desert Steppe Of Northwest China", "description": "Abstract Grazing exclusion is often implemented as an effective management practice to increase the sustainability of grassland ecosystems. However, it remains unclear if grazing exclusion can improve ecosystem services related to carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) sequestration in grassland ecosystems. We investigated the effects of 11\u00a0years of grazing exclusion on plant biomass and diversity, soil properties (pH, soil water content (SWC), bulk density (BD), soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), and C/N ratio), and the C and N stocks of plants and soils in a desert grassland of Northwest China. Grazing exclusion improved plant aboveground biomass and diversity, as well as SWC, SOC, and TN contents, but lowered the belowground biomass, root/shoot ratio, pH, and BD. Moreover, grazing exclusion strongly influenced the C and N stocks of the ecosystem, and the annual mean ecosystem C and N sequestration rates were 0.47 and 0.09\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha \u2212\u00a01 \u00a0yr \u2212\u00a01 , respectively, over 11\u00a0years of grazing exclusion. Soil C stocks were most dynamic in the top 30\u00a0cm of the soil, and N stocks mainly changed in the top 20\u00a0cm after grazing exclusion. Our results indicated that grazing exclusion is an effective measurement on improving the ecosystem C and N pools in desert steppe of Northwest China.", "keywords": ["SOIL ORGANIC C", "0106 biological sciences", "Carbon Sequestration", "550", "MICROBIAL-COMMUNITY", "SPATIAL VARIABILITY", "PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES", "Soil Science", "01 natural sciences", "Soil Prosperities", "CENTRAL ARGENTINA", "CARBON STORAGE", "PLANT-COMMUNITIES", "Vegetation Characteristics", "580", "2. Zero hunger", "Science & Technology", "Multidisciplinary", "PRODUCTIVITY", "Nitrogen Sequestration", "Geology", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "INNER-MONGOLIA", "Grazing", "13. Climate action", "Physical Sciences", "Water Resources", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Fencing", "LOESS PLATEAU CHINA", "Life Sciences & Biomedicine", "Geosciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2015.10.018"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/CATENA", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.catena.2015.10.018", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.catena.2015.10.018", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.catena.2015.10.018"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.chemgeo.2016.11.020", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:15:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-11-17", "title": "The gallium isotopic composition of the bulk silicate Earth", "description": "AbstractWe report a new method for precise analysis of gallium (Ga) isotopic composition in geological samples. The purification of Ga is achieved by a three-step ion exchange chromatography to remove matrix and interfering elements. The 71Ga/69Ga ratios are analyzed by multi-collector inductively-coupled-plasma mass-spectrometer (MC-ICP-MS). The external reproducibility of the measurements (0.05\u2030, 2 s.d.) was assessed by replicate analyses of the USGS BCR-2 and BHVO-2 standards. This newly developed technique was then used to investigate the extent of Ga isotopic fractionation during igneous processes by analyzing well-characterized samples from the Kilauea Iki lava lake, USA. These samples were formed in a closed system and have MgO contents ranging from 26.9 to 2.4wt.%. We found that igneous processes do not fractionate Ga isotopes within the analytical uncertainty and that the Ga isotopic composition of mafic-ultramafic lavas can be used to estimate the composition of their mantle source. Twelve ocean island basalts, two mid-ocean-ridge basalts, one continental flood basalt and one komatiite have homogeneous and nearly identical Ga isotopic compositions within analytical uncertainties averaging 0.00\u00b10.06\u2030 (2s.d.). This value represents the best estimate for the Ga isotopic composition of the bulk silicate Earth", "keywords": ["Bulk Silicate Earth", "Komatiite", "Gallium", "Geology", "MORB", "01 natural sciences", "[SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry", "Geochemistry and Petrology", "13. Climate action", "[SDU.STU.GC] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry", "14. Life underwater", "OIB", "MC-ICP-MS", "Basalt", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2016.11.020"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Chemical%20Geology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.chemgeo.2016.11.020", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.chemgeo.2016.11.020", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2016.11.020"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.chemgeo.2017.03.013", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:15:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-03-20", "title": "Tin stable isotope analysis of geological materials by double-spike MC-ICPMS", "description": "Abstract Tin is a volatile as well as chalcophile and siderophile element, and this geochemical behaviour gives rise to a broad range of potential applications for Sn as a stable isotope tracer in geological processes. We present the first high-precision method to analyse the stable isotopic composition of Sn in geological materials using ion-exchange chromatography and double-spike multi-collector inductively-coupled-plasma mass-spectrometry (MC-ICPMS). We apply these methods to analyse the Sn stable isotopic composition of four geological reference materials, including a number of replicate digestions of BHVO-2 and BCR-2 to assess the reproducibility of the technique. Tin was purified prior to analysis using TRU resin to remove matrix and interfering elements. Isotopic ratios were measured using a Thermo-Fischer Neptune Plus MC-ICPMS combined with a 117Sn\u2013122Sn double-spike to correct for any mass dependent fractionation resulting from instrumental mass bias or incomplete yields from chemical purification. Results are expressed in delta notation as \u03b4 122/118Sn, representing the per mil (\u2030) difference in the 122/118Sn ratio of the sample relative to our in-house standard Sn_IPGP. Based on replicate analyses of the USGS reference materials BHVO-2 and BCR-2, we estimate the external reproducibility to be ca. \u00b1 0.065\u2030 (2 sd) on the \u03b4 122/118Sn ratio, or ca. \u00b1 0.016\u2030 per amu. Analyses of these plus two additional USGS reference materials, AGV-2 and GSP-2, show a large range (>0.2\u2030 on \u03b4 122/118Sn) of Sn stable isotopic compositions that are correlated with igneous differentiation indicators (e.g. SiO2 content), indicating that Sn isotopes are fractionated during igneous processes. These results indicate significant potential for Sn stable isotopes as a tracer of magmatic differentiation and the redox state of the mantle. In addition, Sn stable isotopes may prove useful in tracing diverse geological processes such as volatilisation/condensation and metal\u2013silicate/metal\u2013sulphide differentiation.", "keywords": ["Geochemistry and Petrology", "13. Climate action", "Geology", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2017.03.013"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Chemical%20Geology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.chemgeo.2017.03.013", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.chemgeo.2017.03.013", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2017.03.013"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.compgeo.2019.01.007", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:16:01Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-01-25", "title": "Effect of soil deformability on the failure mechanism of shallow plate or screw anchors in sand", "description": "Abstract Most analytical approaches for the design of shallow plate and screw anchors in tension are based on the limit equilibrium of a rigid soil wedge for which a horizontal stress distribution acting on the failure plane is assumed. Finite element analysis for a wide range of soil properties was carried out to identify the shape of the failure mechanism and to study the stress distribution at failure. Results show that soil deformation modifies the stress field around the anchor and increases the uplift capacity. A semi-analytical approach is proposed to describe this stress distribution, based on peak friction angle.", "keywords": ["/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1900/1909", "name=Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology", "/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1700/1706", "Design", "550", "Sand", "Anchors", "Finite element analysis", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Failure mechanism", "02 engineering and technology", "name=Computer Science Applications", "620"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2019.01.007"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Computers%20and%20Geotechnics", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.compgeo.2019.01.007", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.compgeo.2019.01.007", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.compgeo.2019.01.007"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.compgeo.2020.103754", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:16:01Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-08-11", "title": "Mathematical and computational modelling of vegetated soil incorporating hydraulically-driven finite strain deformation", "description": "Abstract In this paper a new model for the hydro-mechanical behaviour of rooted soils is developed. It is a physically-based model that couples finite strain soil deformation with unsaturated water and air flow, while improving on existing cohesion-based approaches to mechanical root reinforcement and empirical soil water-uptake approaches typically used to deal with rooted slopes. The model is used to show that the dynamics of soil-water pressure and soil deformation depend strongly on the physics of the root-water uptake and the elasto-plastic soil mechanics. Root water uptake can cause suctions and corresponding soil shrinkage sufficiently large to necessitate a finite-strain approach. Although this deformation can change the intrinsic permeability, hydraulic conductivity remains dominated by the water content. The model incorporates simultaneous air-flow, but this is shown to be unimportant for soil-water dynamics under the conditions assumed in example simulations. The mechanical action of roots is incorporated via a root stress tensor and a simulation is used to show how root tension is mobilised within a swelling soil. The developed model may be used to simulate both laboratory experiments and full-scale vegetated slopes.", "keywords": ["/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1900/1909", "name=Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology", "/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1700/1706", "550", "Vegetated soil", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Large-strain", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "02 engineering and technology", "name=Computer Science Applications", "15. Life on land", "Roots", "510", "Slope", "Landslide", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/442810/1/Woodman_et_al_revised_June20PURE.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2020.103754"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Computers%20and%20Geotechnics", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.compgeo.2020.103754", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.compgeo.2020.103754", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.compgeo.2020.103754"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.ecoleng.2017.08.010", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:16:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-11-27", "title": "Sensitivity of the landslide model LAPSUS_LS to vegetation and soil parameters", "description": "Open Access\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c. \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c LAPSUS_LS\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0635\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647. \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 LAPSUS_LS \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c 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\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0647\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629) \u0648 (2) \u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0630\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0623\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u064a\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0646\u0627 (\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u064a\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0628\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627). \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627\u060c \u0623\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 LAPSUS_LS \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a. \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u064a \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u062a LAPSUS_LS \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0646\u0645\u0630\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647.", "keywords": ["Cohesion (chemistry)", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_27199", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4915", "F08 - Syst\u00e8mes et modes de culture", "[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]", "culture associ\u00e9e", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1920", "FOS: Mechanical engineering", "Organic chemistry", "Plant Science", "02 engineering and technology", "Erythrina poeppigiana", "01 natural sciences", "630", "Mechanical Effects of Plant Roots on Slope Stability", "stabilisation du sol", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Soil", "monoculture", "Engineering", "enracinement", "couverture du sol", "m\u00e9thode statistique", "Pathology", "Monoculture", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1721", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2018", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_24199", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_35927", "U10 - Informatique", " math\u00e9matiques et statistiques", "Susceptibility Mapping", "Life Sciences", "Hydrology (agriculture)", "Geology", "Coffea arabica", "[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]", "Chemistry", "Landslide", "Plant Responses to Flooding Stress", "Slope Stability", "Physical Sciences", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6649", "Medicine", "Vegetation (pathology)", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7377", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7171", "0207 environmental engineering", "Soil Science", "Management", " Monitoring", " Policy and Law", "Transmissivity", "Environmental science", "mod\u00e8le math\u00e9matique", "FOS: Mathematics", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_12676", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_37897", "Landslide Hazards and Risk Assessment", "pratique culturale", "Biology", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "P36 - \u00c9rosion", " conservation et r\u00e9cup\u00e9ration des sols", "Soil science", "montagne", "Mechanical Engineering", "Slope stability", "Modeling", "Botany", "FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences", "15. Life on land", "Roots", "Bulk density", "Agronomy", "Geotechnical engineering", "13. Climate action", "Environmental Science", "Cohesion", "Mathematics"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2017.08.010"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecological%20Engineering", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.ecoleng.2017.08.010", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.ecoleng.2017.08.010", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2017.08.010"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.ecss.2017.05.009", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:16:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-05-12", "title": "Changes In Organic Carbon Accumulation Driven By Mangrove Expansion And Deforestation In A New Zealand Estuary", "description": "Abstract Mangroves are rapidly being lost to deforestation in many locations while expanding their areal extent in other subtropical and temperate regions. Currently, there is a paucity of information on how these changes may alter the carbon accumulation capacity of coastal areas. Here, sediment cores were collected from two areas and used to determine the influence of mangrove migration and deforestation on sediment carbon stocks and accumulation rates. The deforested area contained lower sedimentary organic carbon stocks (2767\u00a0\u00b1\u00a0580\u00a0g\u00a0m \u22122 ) compared to the preserved area (6949\u00a0\u00b1\u00a084\u00a0g\u00a0m \u22122 ). Sediment accumulation rates, derived from excess 210 Pb and 239+240 Pu depositional signatures, ranged from 0.19 to 0.35\u00a0cm\u00a0yr \u22121 . The total sedimentary organic carbon (TOC) accumulation rates for the period after mangrove deforestation (2005\u20132011) exhibited significant differences between preserved areas (Core C: 43.9\u00a0\u00b1\u00a06.9\u00a0g\u00a0m \u22122 yr \u22121 ; Core D: 83.1\u00a0\u00b1\u00a05.9\u00a0g\u00a0m \u22122 yr \u22121 ) and the deforested area (Core B: 25.8\u00a0\u00b1\u00a06.0\u00a0g\u00a0m \u22122 yr \u22121 ), suggesting a decline after deforestation. For the preserved area, the TOC accumulation under mangrove dominance (65.5\u00a0\u00b1\u00a016.3\u00a0g\u00a0m \u22122 yr \u22121 , after 1944) was higher than under saltmarsh dominance (23.5\u00a0\u00b1\u00a015.9\u00a0g\u00a0m \u22122 yr \u22121 , before 1944), as revealed by carbon isotopic signatures (\u03b4 13 C). The increase in the TOC accumulation due to mangrove expansion in this New Zealand estuary was conservatively estimated as three-fold higher, and two-fold higher in stocks in comparison to the period when this ecosystem was dominated by non-mangrove vegetation.", "keywords": ["580", "0106 biological sciences", "Organic carbon burial", "550", "Anthropogenic deforestation", "Geology", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "13. Climate action", "210Pb 239\u00fe240Pu", "Mangroves", "Geochronologies", "14. Life underwater", "Mangrove expansion", "Organic carbon", "Environmental Sciences", "210Pb", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2017.05.009"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Estuarine%2C%20Coastal%20and%20Shelf%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.ecss.2017.05.009", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.ecss.2017.05.009", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.ecss.2017.05.009"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.ejrh.2021.100882", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:16:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-07-30", "title": "Surface water and groundwater interaction at long-term exploited riverbank filtration site based on groundwater flow modelling (Mosina-Krajkowo, Poland)", "description": "Study region: Poland, Warta River catchment. Study focus: The study aimed to explain the reasons for spatial variability in chloride concentrations at the Mosina-Krajkowo riverbank filtration (RBF) site located along the river. This variability is attributed to RBF\u2019s different intensity along the river sections, related, among others, to clogging development. The RBF effectiveness was studied using groundwater flow modelling by: examining the water balance in zones established on hydrogeological setting and chloride concentrations; travel time of the bankfiltrate investigation; RBF parametrisation (i.e. infiltration per unit area and specific infiltration per unit of riverbank). New Hydrological Insights for the Region: The study identifies zones of the most favourable RBF conditions and establishes the variability causes. The overall share bankfiltrate was found at 75.8 %. Its spatial variation ranged widely from 41.1\u201389.3%, confirming the usefulness of the RBF performance sectional analysis in managing this type of site. The highest proportion of surface water (>80 %) occurred along the straight river section, where the riverbed was built by fine and medium sands (preventing penetration of organic suspension into the aquifer). In contrast, the lowest values (<42 %) occurred in the meander zone (with the most favourable RBF conditions at the beginning of site operation), where deep erosion reached coarse-grained sediments in the river bottom, followed by the development of clogging processes and a decrease in the RBF efficiency with time.", "keywords": ["Physical geography", "QE1-996.5", "Riverbed clogging", "Numerical modelling", "0208 environmental biotechnology", "0207 environmental engineering", "Geology", "Modflow", "02 engineering and technology", "Riverbank filtration", "6. Clean water", "Modpath", "GB3-5030"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2021.100882"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Hydrology%3A%20Regional%20Studies", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.ejrh.2021.100882", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.ejrh.2021.100882", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.ejrh.2021.100882"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.ejrh.2021.100903", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:16:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-09-03", "title": "Evaluation of pedotransfer functions for predicting soil hydraulic properties: A voyage from regional to field scales across Europe", "description": "Study region: Europe. A total of 660, 522, and 4940 soil samples belonging to GRIZZLY, HYPRES, and EU-HYDI databases, respectively, were used for parametric evaluation. Study focus: The soil water retention and hydraulic conductivity functions are crucial input information for land surface models. Determining these functions by using direct methods is hampered by excessive time and unaffordable costs required for field activities and laboratory analyses. Pedotransfer functions (PTFs) are widely-used indirect techniques enabling soil hydraulic properties to be predicted by using easily-retrievable soil information. In a parametric evaluation, the predictive capability of PTFs is examined by comparing measured and estimated soil water retention parameters and saturated hydraulic conductivity. Yet information about the performance of PTFs for specific modeling applications is mandatory to evaluate PTF effectiveness in greater depth. This approach is commonly defined as functional evaluation. New hydrological insights for the region: The best performing four PTFs selected in the parametric evaluations are tested under two functional evaluations. The first encompasses a spatial interpolation with a geostatistical technique, whereas the second employs Hydrus-1D to simulate the water balance components along an experimental transect. Our results reinforce and integrate the insights of previous studies about the use of a PTF, and highlight the ability, or inability, of this technique to adequately reproduce the observed spatial variability of soil hydraulic properties and simulated water fluxes.", "keywords": ["S1 Agriculture (General) / mez\u0151gazdas\u00e1g \u00e1ltal\u00e1ban", "Physical geography", "QE1-996.5", "Water retention function", "Hydrus-1D", "saturated hydraulic conductivity", "0208 environmental biotechnology", "0207 environmental engineering", "Geology", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "Semi-variogram", "S590 Soill / Talajtan", "Saturated hydraulic conductivity", "6. Clean water", "GB3-5030", "Kriging", "semi-variogram", "functional evaluation", "water retention function", "Functional evaluation", "kriging", "water retention function", " saturated hydraulic conductivity", " semi-variogram", " kriging", " functional evaluation", " Hydrus-1D"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2021.100903"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Hydrology%3A%20Regional%20Studies", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.ejrh.2021.100903", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.ejrh.2021.100903", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.ejrh.2021.100903"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.enggeo.2016.09.005", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:16:11Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-09-21", "title": "A general analytical solution for the evolution of cliffs accounting for strength degradation, seismic action, formation of tension cracks and seepage", "description": "Abstract The evolution of natural slopes over time is ruled by several concurrent physical phenomena, namely the strength of its component geomaterials and their weakening over time due to weathering processes, the occurrence of seismic events, seepage and the formation of tension cracks. The paper presents analytical solutions obtained considering a succession of discrete failure events (landslides) progressively altering the slope morphology over time. The model, derived in the framework of limit analysis assuming plane strain conditions, provides a tool for the assessment of whether manufacts and/or infrastructures located on a slope subject to various natural degradation phenomena will be affected by the occurrence of failures. Unlike current empirical and semi-empirical models of slope evolution, the analytical solution that is here presented is derived by applying principles of soil and rock mechanics, therefore it is of general validity, so that no ad\u2013hoc calibration against past observations of the evolving slope is needed. This analytical technique only requires knowledge of the (geotechnical) parameters characterising the geomaterials comprising the slope of interest, namely angle of shearing resistance, \u03d5, cohesion, c, tensile strength, unit weight, together with knowledge of the relevant seepage scenarios, strength degradation processes, and seismic events likely to occur. Results show that that earthquake loading and seepage can substantially decrease slope stability, increase the volume of material sliding away during each landslide event and alter the evolution of the slope over time, while tensile strength exhibits a less strong influence especially as strength degradation progresses. Dimensionless ready-to-use charts are provided for the benefit of practitioners.", "keywords": ["0211 other engineering and technologies", "Geology", "02 engineering and technology", "Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Voulgari C, Utili S,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://eprints.ncl.ac.uk/fulltext.aspx?url=233041/DAA01FBC-D982-4FBD-8C10-003E2723978E.pdf&pub_id=233041"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2016.09.005"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Engineering%20Geology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.enggeo.2016.09.005", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.enggeo.2016.09.005", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.enggeo.2016.09.005"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.ijrmms.2017.01.002", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:16:38Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-01-16", "title": "Analytical solutions of stresses and displacements for deeply buried twin tunnels in viscoelastic rock", "description": "A set of analytical solutions is presented to calculate the stresses and displacements generated when two closely located circular tunnels are sequentially excavated in viscoelastic rock. The solutions are provided for circular tunnels excavated in time dependent rock for any type of linear viscoelastic model, e.g. Burgers and Poyting-Thomson model. In the presented solutions the sequential excavation of the tunnels is also accounted for. The radii of the twin tunnels are time-dependent functions reflecting the excavation process adopted. The solutions are provided as analytical expressions in integral form. These were obtained by extending the principle of correspondence to solid media with time varying boundaries. A comparison of the stresses and displacements predicted by the analytical solutions and FEM analyses for an example case of twin tunnels excavated in a generalized Kelvin medium shows a good agreement between the two methods. Then, a parametric analysis was performed to investigate the influence of the tunnel spacing on displacements and stresses for various excavation processes. Several dimensionless charts summarizing the result of the parametric analysis are provided for the benefit of practitioners.", "keywords": ["0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Huaning Wang, Huaning Wang, G.S. Zeng, Stefano Utili, L. Wu, Mingjing Jiang,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://eprints.ncl.ac.uk/fulltext.aspx?url=232634/94D19CB1-32DC-45CE-A40C-2CDE88C9E618.pdf&pub_id=232634"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2017.01.002"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/International%20Journal%20of%20Rock%20Mechanics%20and%20Mining%20Sciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.ijrmms.2017.01.002", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.ijrmms.2017.01.002", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2017.01.002"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.jappgeo.2020.103987", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:16:39Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-03-04", "title": "Paleotopography continues to drive surface to deep-layer interactions in a subtropical Critical Zone Observatory", "description": "Abstract Subsurface critical zone structures (SCZS) refer to the spatial variation in the interactive layers underground. Although SCZS greatly affect terrestrial biogeochemical and hydrological cycles, underpinning mechanisms are poorly documented. Herein, we characterized the SCZS of a typical red soil in subtropical China, a type of soil with vast global distribution. The thickness information of three layers was derived from hand augers, boreholes and ground-penetrating radar (GPR) radargrams and incorporated into geographically weighted regression (GWR) models for the reconstruction of paleotopography (Cretaceous sandstone). The interpreted GPR results in terms of thicknesses and interfaces for the three layers were consistent with the borehole logs. The trained GWR models accounted for 43%\u201377% of the spatial variations in the three layers. The paleotopographic elevations were highly correlated with those of the current land surface (r\u00a0=\u00a00.85). Spatial analysis showed that the rougher paleotopography was inherited by the current landform. The SCZS evolution involving mainly the mantling covered by Quaternary red clay (QRC) was primarily driven by terrain attributes. These findings may enhance our understanding of the interaction between the paleoclimate and paleoenvironment. The combination of geophysical techniques, geochemical indicators and spatial prediction techniques provides an effective tool for understanding QRC landform evolution.", "keywords": ["paleotopography", "landscape evolution", "550", "01 natural sciences", "CHINA", "Ground-penetrating radar", "THICKNESS", "EARTH", "QE", "NE/N007611/1", "SOIL-WATER STORAGE", "GEOGRAPHICALLY WEIGHTED REGRESSION", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "critical zone", "ground-penetrating radar", "Natural Environment Research Council (NERC)", "Critical zone", "CONSTRAINTS", "15. Life on land", "Landscape evolution", "EVOLUTION", "SOUTHERN", "QE Geology", "Geophysics", "Paleotopography", "13. Climate action", "Red Soil Critical Zone Observatory", "QUATERNARY RED CLAY"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jappgeo.2020.103987"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Applied%20Geophysics", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.jappgeo.2020.103987", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.jappgeo.2020.103987", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.jappgeo.2020.103987"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.jrmge.2020.04.003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:16:47Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-06-15", "title": "Combined approach of poroelastic and earthquake nucleation applied to the reservoir-induced seismic activity in the Val d\u2019Agri area, Italy", "description": "Open AccessIn this work, an approach is developed to study the seismicity associated with the impoundment and level changes of a water reservoir (reservoir induced seismicity \u2013 RIS). The proposed methodology features a combination of a semi-analytical poroelastic model with an earthquake nucleation approach based on rate-and-state frictional law. The combined approach was applied to the case of the Pertusillo Lake, located in the Val d\u2019Agri area (Italy), whose large seasonal water level changes are believed to induce protracted micro-seismicity (local magnitude ML < 3). Results show that the lake impoundment in 1962 could have produced up to 0.5 bar (1 bar = 100 kPa) changes in Coulomb failure stress (\u0394CFS), while the seasonal water level variation is responsible for variation up to 0.05 bar. Modeling results of the seismicity rates in 2001\u22122014 show that the observed earthquakes are well correlated with the modeled \u0394CFS. Finally, the reason that the seismicity is only observed at southwest of the Pertusillo Lake is provided, which is likely attributed to different rock lithologies and depletion caused by significant hydrocarbon exploitation in the northeastern sector of the lake.", "keywords": ["550", "Rate-and-state frictional law", "Pertusillo lake", "Reservoir induced seismicity (RIS); Poroelasticity; Rate-and-state frictional law; Pertusillo lake", "TA703-712", "Reservoir induced seismicity (RIS)", "Engineering geology. Rock mechanics. Soil mechanics. Underground construction", "Poroelasticity", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrmge.2020.04.003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Rock%20Mechanics%20and%20Geotechnical%20Engineering", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.jrmge.2020.04.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.jrmge.2020.04.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.jrmge.2020.04.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.jrmge.2020.01.004", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:16:47Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-07-14", "title": "Revisiting the methods of determining hydraulic conductivity of saturated expansive clays in low-compressibility zone", "description": "The hydraulic conductivity of saturated clays is commonly determined either directly by monitoring water flux or indirectly based on Terzaghi's consolidation equation. Similar results are generally obtained from the two methods, but sometimes a significant difference can be observed, in particular for expansive soils. In this study, the hydraulic conductivities determined by the two methods are first compared based on existing data in the literature. The indirect method is then revisited attempting to explain the difference identified. A modified effective stress, considering physico-chemical interaction between face-to-face oriented particles, is finally introduced to better describe the compressibility of expansive clays and to further improve the indirect method in determining hydraulic conductivity of such soils in the low-compressibility zone. Extra tests were performed on Gaomiaozi (GMZ) bentonite slurry and the results obtained allowed the modified indirect method to be verified.", "keywords": ["Hydraulic conductivity", "Terzaghi's consolidation equation", "Modified effective stress", "Laboratory tests", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "TA703-712", "Expansive clays", "Engineering geology. Rock mechanics. Soil mechanics. Underground construction", "02 engineering and technology", "[SPI.MECA.MEMA] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph]", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrmge.2020.01.004"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Rock%20Mechanics%20and%20Geotechnical%20Engineering", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.jrmge.2020.01.004", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.jrmge.2020.01.004", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.jrmge.2020.01.004"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.rse.2016.02.046", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:16:53Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-03-05", "title": "Comparison of remote sensing and simulated soil moisture datasets in Mediterranean landscapes", "description": "AbstractThis paper presents the comparison of three global soil moisture products (ASCAT, AMSR and SMOS) versus a land surface model over a region representative of several Mediterranean landscapes located in the Northeast of the Iberian Peninsula. Our approach has been for agricultural and water management applications at the regional and local scale. Despite being a rather small area, we were able to observe different signal behaviours corresponding to major land cover classes in Mediterranean areas i.e.: dryland and irrigated crops, forests and natural vegetation (grass-shrubs). The area also allowed assessing the impact of topography. The first result of the study is that the results are very dependent on the normalizations used to make the data comparable, thus their impact must be carefully analysed. In this study, we applied two different normalisation methods (called ZV35 and ZV) and different moving average windows (1, 10 and 30days) in order to enhance seasonal effects. Using no smoothing window, ASCAT is the soil moisture product that correlates best with the LSM over all cover classes, whatever the method. Using smoothing window, AMSR-E tends to outperform other soil moisture products with the ZV method. The ZV35 method is not able to identify a small heavily irrigated area. The reason for these different results is that ZV35, tends to eliminate the monthly scale soil moisture memory and therefore becomes more sensitive to precipitation and less sensitive to the monthly evolution of superficial soil moisture. The comparison shows in general good agreement for all soil moisture products with the LSM on the temporal series simulated over flat, non irrigated areas which are not close to the sea. SMOS has difficulties in areas close to the sea and in areas with steep relief and the current version of the L2 Operational Algorithm (V5.51) depicts few values in forested areas. ASCAT, in its turn, shows some limitations over agricultural and natural vegetation where it shows an increase of soil moisture from June to October probably due to increase of penetration depth in dry soil moisture conditions. AMSR-E LPRM shows a clear vegetation cycle over all the land cover classes. From all the remote sensing products, SMOS is the only one able to see irrigation and the only that does not show clear vegetation or roughness effects. In this study, we were able to assess the impact of higher resolution soil moisture products to map irrigated areas.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0207 environmental engineering", "Soil Science", "Agriculture", "Geology", "AMSR-E", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "16. Peace & justice", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Water management", "ASCAT", "13. Climate action", "Regional scale", "LSM", "Soil moisture", "Computers in Earth Sciences", "Irrigation", "SMOS", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2016.02.046"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Remote%20Sensing%20of%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.rse.2016.02.046", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.rse.2016.02.046", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.rse.2016.02.046"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152880", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:16:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-01-06", "title": "Exploring the potential role of environmental and multi-source satellite data in crop yield prediction across Northeast China", "description": "Open AccessLe d\u00e9veloppement d'un syst\u00e8me pr\u00e9cis de pr\u00e9diction du rendement des cultures \u00e0 grande \u00e9chelle est d'une importance primordiale pour la gestion des ressources agricoles et la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 alimentaire mondiale. L'observation de la Terre fournit une source unique d'informations pour surveiller les cultures \u00e0 partir d'une diversit\u00e9 de gammes spectrales. Cependant, l'utilisation int\u00e9gr\u00e9e de ces donn\u00e9es et de leurs valeurs dans la pr\u00e9diction du rendement des cultures est encore peu \u00e9tudi\u00e9e. Ici, nous avons propos\u00e9 la combinaison de donn\u00e9es environnementales (climat, sol, g\u00e9ographie et topographie) avec de multiples donn\u00e9es satellitaires (indices de v\u00e9g\u00e9tation optiques, fluorescence induite par le soleil (SIF), temp\u00e9rature de surface du sol (LST) et profondeur optique de la v\u00e9g\u00e9tation micro-ondes (VOD)) dans le cadre pour estimer le rendement des cultures de ma\u00efs, de riz et de soja dans le nord-est de la Chine, et leur valeur unique et leur influence relative sur la pr\u00e9diction du rendement ont \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9valu\u00e9es. Deux m\u00e9thodes de r\u00e9gression lin\u00e9aire, trois m\u00e9thodes d'apprentissage automatique (ML) et un mod\u00e8le d'ensemble ML ont \u00e9t\u00e9 adopt\u00e9s pour construire des mod\u00e8les de pr\u00e9diction de rendement. Les r\u00e9sultats ont montr\u00e9 que les m\u00e9thodes individuelles de ML surpassaient les m\u00e9thodes de r\u00e9gression lin\u00e9aire, le mod\u00e8le d'ensemble de ML a encore am\u00e9lior\u00e9 les mod\u00e8les de ML uniques. De plus, les mod\u00e8les avec plus d'intrants ont obtenu de meilleures performances, la combinaison de donn\u00e9es satellitaires avec des donn\u00e9es environnementales, qui expliquaient respectivement 72\u00a0%, 69\u00a0% et 57\u00a0% de la variabilit\u00e9 du rendement du ma\u00efs, du riz et du soja, a d\u00e9montr\u00e9 des performances de pr\u00e9diction du rendement sup\u00e9rieures \u00e0 celles des intrants individuels. Alors que les donn\u00e9es satellitaires ont contribu\u00e9 \u00e0 la pr\u00e9diction du rendement des cultures principalement au d\u00e9but de la pointe de la saison de croissance, les donn\u00e9es climatiques ont fourni des informations suppl\u00e9mentaires principalement \u00e0 la pointe de la fin de la saison. Nous avons \u00e9galement constat\u00e9 que l'utilisation combin\u00e9e de l'IVE, du LST et du SIF a am\u00e9lior\u00e9 la pr\u00e9cision du mod\u00e8le par rapport au mod\u00e8le d'IVE de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence. Cependant, les indices de v\u00e9g\u00e9tation bas\u00e9s sur l'optique partageaient des informations similaires et ne fournissaient pas beaucoup d'informations suppl\u00e9mentaires au-del\u00e0 de l'IVE. Les pr\u00e9visions de rendement en cours de saison ont montr\u00e9 que les rendements des cultures peuvent \u00eatre pr\u00e9vus de mani\u00e8re satisfaisante deux \u00e0 trois mois avant la r\u00e9colte. La g\u00e9ographie, la topographie, la VOD, l'IVE, les param\u00e8tres hydrauliques du sol et les param\u00e8tres nutritifs sont plus importants pour la pr\u00e9diction du rendement des cultures.", "keywords": ["Atmospheric sciences", "Climate", "Multi-source satellite data", "Normalized Difference Vegetation Index", "Engineering", "Pathology", "Climate change", "Urban Heat Islands and Mitigation Strategies", "Linear regression", "2. Zero hunger", "Global and Planetary Change", "Vegetation Monitoring", "Ecology", "Geography", "Statistics", "Agriculture", "Geology", "Remote Sensing in Vegetation Monitoring and Phenology", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Remote sensing", "Aerospace engineering", "Archaeology", "Physical Sciences", "Metallurgy", "Medicine", "Seasons", "Global Vegetation Models", "Biomass Estimation", "Regression analysis", "Vegetation (pathology)", "Crops", " Agricultural", "Environmental Engineering", "Environmental data", "Yield (engineering)", "Zea mays", "Environmental science", "Machine learning", "FOS: Mathematics", "Crop yield", "Biology", "Global Forest Drought Response and Climate Change", "FOS: Environmental engineering", "Predictive modelling", "Food security", "FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences", "15. Life on land", "Agronomy", "Materials science", "Yield prediction", "Satellite", "13. Climate action", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Environmental Science", "Growing season", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Mathematics"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Zhenwang Li, Lei Ding, Donghui Xu,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152880"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152880", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152880", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152880"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soisec.2023.100109", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:16Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-10-12", "title": "Unpacking the legal conundrum of nature-based soil remediation and sustainable biofuels production in the European Union", "description": "The fight against soil contamination and the development of sustainable fuels constitute major environmental and climate change objectives under the European Green Deal. At the same time, the uptake of nature-based solutions is increasingly advocated in the European Union as viable techniques to enhance soil ecosystem services while addressing the soil vs. food vs. energy conundrum to achieve the UN Sustainable Development Goals and the European Green Deal objectives. This contribution deals with unlocking the potential of phytoremediation both a soil remediation technique and a source of sustainable feedstock for advanced biofuels. Phytoremediation consists of the use of plants and their associated microbes to extract, volatilize, stabilize, or degrade soil pollutants. Furthermore, phytoremediation's by-products may be used to develop advanced, low indirect land use change biofuels thus contributing to the EU's climate change mitigation objectives.The value chain entailed in the deployment of phytoremediation techniques and recovery of phytoremediation's output materials for biofuels production faces an array of legal and policy roadblocks in the European Union. Importantly, such barriers relate both to material legal obstacles, policy fragmentation and lack of a holistic approach towards complex processes. This contribution aims to provide a comprehensive overview of such legal and policy roadblocks with a view to champion the embedding of phytoremediation in the existing EU legal framework also in relation to the development of low-Indirect Land Use Change biofuels.", "keywords": ["QE1-996.5", "Soil contamination", "Biofuels", "Climate change", "Geology", "Phytoremediation"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soisec.2023.100109"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Security", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soisec.2023.100109", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soisec.2023.100109", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soisec.2023.100109"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1038/s41561-019-0318-6", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-03-11", "title": "Drought impacts on terrestrial primary production underestimated by satellite monitoring", "description": "Satellite retrievals of information about the Earth's surface are widely used to monitor global terrestrial photosynthesis and primary production and to examine the ecological impacts of droughts. Methods for estimating photosynthesis from space commonly combine information on vegetation greenness, incoming radiation, temperature and atmospheric demand for water (vapour-pressure deficit), but do not account for the direct effects of low soil moisture. They instead rely on vapour-pressure deficit as a proxy for dryness, despite widespread evidence that soil moisture deficits have a direct impact on vegetation, independent of vapour-pressure deficit. Here, we use a globally distributed measurement network to assess the effect of soil moisture on photosynthesis, and identify a common bias in an ensemble of satellite-based estimates of photosynthesis that is governed by the magnitude of soil moisture effects on photosynthetic light-use efficiency. We develop methods to account for the influence of soil moisture and estimate that soil moisture effects reduce global annual photosynthesis by ~15%, increase interannual variability by more than 100% across 25% of the global vegetated land surface, and amplify the impacts of extreme events on primary production. These results demonstrate the importance of soil moisture effects for monitoring carbon-cycle variability and drought impacts on vegetation productivity from space.", "keywords": ["550", "0207 environmental engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "01 natural sciences", "Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience", "USE EFFICIENCY", "NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION", "Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences", "Geosciences", " Multidisciplinary", "WATER-STRESS", "Physical geography and environmental geoscience", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Multidisciplinary", "Science & Technology", "CLIMATE-CHANGE", "Ecology", "PHOTOSYNTHESIS", "Geology", "GROSS PRIMARY PRODUCTION", "Carbon cycle", "Biogeochemistry", "15. Life on land", "FOREST", "6. Clean water", "ATMOSPHERIC DEMAND", "13. Climate action", "Physical Sciences", "Earth Sciences", "RADIATION", "CARBON UPTAKE", "Geosciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.nature.com/articles/s41561-019-0318-6.pdf"}, {"href": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt2hr7r7gk/qt2hr7r7gk.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-019-0318-6"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Nature%20Geoscience", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1038/s41561-019-0318-6", "name": "item", "description": "10.1038/s41561-019-0318-6", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1038/s41561-019-0318-6"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-03-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.2001.00388.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:18:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-03-11", "title": "Chemistry And Decomposition Of Litter From Populus Tremuloides Michaux Grown At Elevated Atmospheric Co2 And Varying N Availability", "description": "Summary

It has been hypothesized that greater production of total nonstructural carbohydrates (TNC) in foliage grown under elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) will result in higher concentrations of defensive compounds in tree leaf litter, possibly leading to reduced rates of decomposition and nutrient cycling in forest ecosystems of the future. To evaluate the effects of elevated atmospheric CO2on litter chemistry and decomposition, we performed a 111 day laboratory incubation with leaf litter of trembling aspen (Populus tremuloidesMichaux) produced at 36\uffe2\uff80\uff83Pa and 56\uffe2\uff80\uff83Pa CO2and two levels of soil nitrogen (N) availability. Decomposition was quantified as microbially respired CO2and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in soil solution, and concentrations of nonstructural carbohydrates, N, carbon (C), and condensed tannins were monitored throughout the incubation. Growth under elevated atmospheric CO2did not significantly affect initial litter concentrations of TNC, N, or condensed tannins. Rates of decomposition, measured as both microbially respired CO2and DOC did not differ between litter produced under ambient and elevated CO2. Total C lost from the samples was 38\uffe2\uff80\uff83mg\uffe2\uff80\uff83g\uffe2\uff88\uff921litter as respired CO2and 138\uffe2\uff80\uff83mg\uffe2\uff80\uff83g\uffe2\uff88\uff921litter as DOC, suggesting short\uffe2\uff80\uff90term pulses of dissolved C in soil solution are important components of the terrestrial C cycle. We conclude that litter chemistry and decomposition in trembling aspen are minimally affected by growth under higher concentrations of CO2.

", "keywords": ["Ecology and Evolutionary Biology", "carbohydrates", "Quaking aspen", "forest-soil", "litter-plant", "nitrogen", "nitrogen-", "Microlysimeter", "soil-chemistry", "cycling-", "populus-tremuloides", "Geology and Earth Sciences", "Soil Carbon", "Microbiology of soils", "Carbon cycle", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "GLOBAL-ECOLOGY", "chemical-composition", "Organic-matter", "soil-solution", "nutrient-availability", "Tannin", "leaf-litter", "Science", "decomposition-", "Nutrient enrichment", "Carbohydrates", "carbohydrates-", "respiration-", "carbon-dioxide-enrichment", "Nitrogen in soil", "michigan-", "carbon sinks", "C", "Nutrient budget of forests", "Litter", "Populus tremuloides", "Global Change", "tannins-", "Decomposition", "forest-litter", "Foliage", "Carbon dioxide effects on forest litter", "Climatic changes", "15. Life on land", "carbon-nitrogen-ratio", "Forest litter decomposition", "N Ratio", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "microbial-activities", "nitrogen-content"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2001.00388.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.2001.00388.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.2001.00388.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2001.00388.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2001-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.01001.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-08-19", "title": "Soil Organic Matter And Litter Chemistry Response To Experimental N Deposition In Northern Temperate Deciduous Forest Ecosystems", "description": "Abstract

The effects of atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition on organic matter decomposition vary with the biochemical characteristics of plant litter. At the ecosystem\uffe2\uff80\uff90scale, net effects are difficult to predict because various soil organic matter (SOM) fractions may respond differentially. We investigated the relationship between SOM chemistry and microbial activity in three northern deciduous forest ecosystems that have been subjected to experimental N addition for 2 years. Extractable dissolved organic carbon (DOC), DOC aromaticity, C\uffe2\uff80\uff83:\uffe2\uff80\uff83N ratio, and functional group distribution, measured by Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR), were analyzed for litter and SOM. The largest biochemical changes were found in the sugar maple\uffe2\uff80\uff93basswood (SMBW) and black oak\uffe2\uff80\uff93white oak (BOWO) ecosystems. SMBW litter from the N addition treatment had less aromaticity, higher C\uffe2\uff80\uff83:\uffe2\uff80\uff83N ratios, and lower saturated carbon, lower carbonyl carbon, and higher carboxylates than controls; BOWO litter showed opposite trends, except for carbonyl and carboxylate contents. Litter from the sugar maple\uffe2\uff80\uff93red oak (SMRO) ecosystem had a lower C\uffe2\uff80\uff83:\uffe2\uff80\uff83N ratio, but no change in DOC aromaticity. For SOM, the C\uffe2\uff80\uff83:\uffe2\uff80\uff83N ratio increased with N addition in SMBW and SMRO ecosystems, but decreased in BOWO; N addition did not affect the aromaticity of DOC extracted from mineral soil. All ecosystems showed increases in extractable DOC from both litter and soil in response to N treatment. The biochemical changes are consistent with the divergent microbial responses observed in these systems. Extracellular oxidative enzyme activity has declined in the BOWO and SMRO ecosystems while activity in the SMBW ecosystem, particularly in the litter horizon, has increased. In all systems, enzyme activities associated with the hydrolysis and oxidation of polysaccharides have increased. At the ecosystem scale, the biochemical characteristics of the dominant litter appear to modulate the effects of N deposition on organic matter dynamics.

", "keywords": ["Litter Chemistry", "Geology and Earth Sciences", "13. Climate action", "Soil Organic Matter", "Science", "Ecology and Evolutionary Biology", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Nitrogen Deposition", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Dissolved Organic Matter", "Extracellular Enzyme Activity"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.01001.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.01001.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.01001.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.01001.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-07-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "20.500.11850/627341", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:25:55Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-08-01", "title": "How well does ramped thermal oxidation quantify the age distribution of soil carbon? Assessing thermal stability of physically and chemically fractionated soil organic matter", "description": "

Abstract. Carbon (C) in soils persists on a range of timescales depending on physical, chemical, and biological processes that interact with soil organic matter (SOM) and affect its rate of decomposition. Together these processes determine the age distribution of soil C. Most attempts to measure this age distribution have relied on operationally defined fractions using properties like density, aggregate stability, solubility, or chemical reactivity. Recently, thermal fractionation, which relies on the activation energy needed to combust SOM, has shown promise for separating young from old C by applying increasing heat to decompose SOM. Here, we investigated radiocarbon (14C) and 13C of C released during thermal fractionation to link activation energy to the age distribution of C in bulk soil and components previously separated by density and chemical properties. While physically and chemically isolated fractions had very distinct mean 14C values, they contributed C across the full temperature range during thermal analysis. Thus, each thermal fraction collected during combustion of bulk soil integrates contributions from younger and older C derived from components having different physical and chemical properties but the same activation energy. Bulk soil and all density and chemical fractions released progressively older and more 13C-enriched C with increasing activation energy, indicating that each operationally defined fraction itself was not homogeneous but contained a mix of C with different ages and degrees of microbial processing. Overall, we found that defining the full age distribution of C in bulk soil is best quantified by first separating particulate C prior to thermal fractionation of mineral-associated SOM. For the Podzol analyzed here, thermal fractions confirmed that \u223c\u200995\u2009% of the mineral-associated organic matter (MOM) had a relatively narrow 14C distribution, while 5\u2009% was very low in 14C and likely reflected C from the <\u20092\u2009mm parent shale material in the soil matrix. After first removing particulate C using density or size separation, thermal fractionation can provide a rapid technique to study the age structure of MOM and how it is influenced by different OM\u2013mineral interactions.

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