{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.5194/essd-12-753-2020", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:21:20Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-10-07", "title": "A pan-African high-resolution drought index dataset", "description": "

Abstract. Droughts in Africa cause severe problems such as crop failure, food shortages, famine, epidemics and even mass migration. To minimize the effects of drought on water and food security over Africa, a high-resolution drought dataset is essential to establish robust drought hazard probabilities and to assess drought vulnerability considering a multi- and cross-sectorial perspective that includes crops, hydrological systems, rangeland, and environmental systems. Such assessments are essential for policy makers, their advisors, and other stakeholders to respond to the pressing humanitarian issues caused by these environmental hazards. In this study, a high spatial resolution Standardized Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) drought dataset is presented to support these assessments. We compute historical SPEI data based on Climate Hazards group InfraRed Precipitation with Station data (CHIRPS) precipitation estimates and Global Land Evaporation Amsterdam Model (GLEAM) potential evaporation estimates. The high resolution SPEI dataset (SPEI-HR) presented here spans from 1981 to 2016 (36 years) with 5\uffe2\uff80\uff89km spatial resolution over the whole Africa. To facilitate the diagnosis of droughts of different durations, accumulation periods from 1 to 48 months are provided. The quality of the resulting dataset was compared with coarse-resolution SPEI based on Climatic Research Unit (CRU) Time-Series (TS) datasets, and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) calculated from the Global Inventory Monitoring and Modeling System (GIMMS) project, as well as with root zone soil moisture modelled by GLEAM. Agreement found between coarse resolution SPEI from CRU TS (SPEI-CRU) and the developed SPEI-HR provides confidence in the estimation of temporal and spatial variability of droughts in Africa with SPEI-HR. In addition, agreement of SPEI-HR versus NDVI and root zone soil moisture \uffe2\uff80\uff93 with average correlation coefficient (R) of 0.54 and 0.77, respectively \uffe2\uff80\uff93 further implies that SPEI-HR can provide valuable information to study drought-related processes and societal impacts at sub-basin and district scales in Africa. The dataset is archived in Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) with link: https://doi.org/10.5285/bbdfd09a04304158b366777eba0d2aeb (Peng et al., 2019a)

", "keywords": ["CALIFORNIA DROUGHT", "IMPACTS", "2. Zero hunger", "QE1-996.5", "EVAPOTRANSPIRATION", "GLOBAL ASSESSMENT", "WATER-RESOURCES", "DATA PRODUCTS", "0207 environmental engineering", "1. No poverty", "Geology", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Environmental sciences", "PRECIPITATION CLIMATOLOGY CENTER", "DATA SETS", "13. Climate action", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "GREATER HORN", "11. Sustainability", "GE1-350", "SATELLITE", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/12/753/2020/essd-12-753-2020.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-753-2020"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Earth%20System%20Science%20Data", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/essd-12-753-2020", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/essd-12-753-2020", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/essd-12-753-2020"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-10-07T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1038/s41561-019-0318-6", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:17:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-03-11", "title": "Drought impacts on terrestrial primary production underestimated by satellite monitoring", "description": "Satellite retrievals of information about the Earth's surface are widely used to monitor global terrestrial photosynthesis and primary production and to examine the ecological impacts of droughts. Methods for estimating photosynthesis from space commonly combine information on vegetation greenness, incoming radiation, temperature and atmospheric demand for water (vapour-pressure deficit), but do not account for the direct effects of low soil moisture. They instead rely on vapour-pressure deficit as a proxy for dryness, despite widespread evidence that soil moisture deficits have a direct impact on vegetation, independent of vapour-pressure deficit. Here, we use a globally distributed measurement network to assess the effect of soil moisture on photosynthesis, and identify a common bias in an ensemble of satellite-based estimates of photosynthesis that is governed by the magnitude of soil moisture effects on photosynthetic light-use efficiency. We develop methods to account for the influence of soil moisture and estimate that soil moisture effects reduce global annual photosynthesis by ~15%, increase interannual variability by more than 100% across 25% of the global vegetated land surface, and amplify the impacts of extreme events on primary production. These results demonstrate the importance of soil moisture effects for monitoring carbon-cycle variability and drought impacts on vegetation productivity from space.", "keywords": ["550", "0207 environmental engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "01 natural sciences", "Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience", "USE EFFICIENCY", "NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION", "Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences", "Geosciences", " Multidisciplinary", "WATER-STRESS", "Physical geography and environmental geoscience", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Multidisciplinary", "Science & Technology", "CLIMATE-CHANGE", "Ecology", "PHOTOSYNTHESIS", "Geology", "GROSS PRIMARY PRODUCTION", "Carbon cycle", "Biogeochemistry", "15. Life on land", "FOREST", "6. Clean water", "ATMOSPHERIC DEMAND", "13. Climate action", "Physical Sciences", "Earth Sciences", "RADIATION", "CARBON UPTAKE", "Geosciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.nature.com/articles/s41561-019-0318-6.pdf"}, {"href": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt2hr7r7gk/qt2hr7r7gk.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-019-0318-6"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Nature%20Geoscience", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1038/s41561-019-0318-6", "name": "item", "description": "10.1038/s41561-019-0318-6", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1038/s41561-019-0318-6"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-03-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1038/s41561-019-0407-6", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:17:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-08-26", "title": "An oceanic subduction origin for Archaean granitoids revealed by silicon isotopes", "description": "Modern oceanic crust is constantly produced at oceanic ridges and recycled back into the mantle at subduction zones via plate tectonics. An outstanding question in geology is whether the Earth started in a non-plate tectonic regime, and if it did, when the transition to the modern regime occurred. This is a complicated question to address because Archaean rocks lack modern equivalents to anchor interpretations. Here, we present a silicon isotopic study of 4.0\u20132.8-Gyr-old tonalite\u2013trondhjemite\u2013granodiorites, as well as Palaeozoic granites and modern adakites. We show that Archaean granitoids have heavier silicon isotopic compositions than granites and adakites, regardless of melting pressure. This is best explained if Archaean granitoids were formed by melting of subducted basaltic crust enriched in sedimentary silica through interaction with seawater. Before the appearance of silica-forming organisms 0.5\u20130.6\u2009billion years ago, the oceans were close to silicon saturation, which led to extensive precipitation of cherts on the seafloor. This is in contrast to modern oceans, where silica biomineralization maintains dissolved silicon at low concentration. The unique heavy silicon isotope signature of cherts has been transferred to Archaean granitoids during an oceanic subduction process, which was probably responsible for the formation of felsic rocks on Archaean emerged lands. Archaean granitic rocks formed by melting of silica-enriched subducted basaltic crust through interaction with seawater, according to heavy silicon isotopes measured in Archaean samples.", "keywords": ["Geochemistry", "13. Climate action", "Precambrian geology", "[SDU.STU.GC] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry", "14. Life underwater", "Sedimentology", "Geodynamics", "01 natural sciences", "Petrology", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.nature.com/articles/s41561-019-0407-6.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-019-0407-6"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Nature%20Geoscience", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1038/s41561-019-0407-6", "name": "item", "description": "10.1038/s41561-019-0407-6", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1038/s41561-019-0407-6"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-08-26T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1038/s43247-022-00523-5", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:17:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-08-18", "title": "Ecoenzymatic stoichiometry reveals widespread soil phosphorus limitation to microbial metabolism across Chinese forests", "description": "Abstract

Forest soils contain a large amount of organic carbon and contribute to terrestrial carbon sequestration. However, we still have a poor understanding of what nutrients limit soil microbial metabolism that drives soil carbon release across the range of boreal to tropical forests. Here we used ecoenzymatic stoichiometry methods to investigate the patterns of microbial nutrient limitations within soil profiles (organic, eluvial and parent material horizons) across 181 forest sites throughout China. Results show that, in 80% of these forests, soil microbes were limited by phosphorus availability. Microbial phosphorus limitation increased with soil depth and from boreal to tropical forests as ecosystems become wetter, warmer, more productive, and is affected by anthropogenic nitrogen deposition. We also observed an unexpected shift in the latitudinal pattern of microbial phosphorus limitation with the lowest phosphorus limitation in the warm temperate zone (41-42\uffc2\uffb0N). Our study highlights the importance of soil phosphorus limitation to restoring forests and predicting their carbon sinks.The present work aims to quantify the impact of climate change (CC) on the grain yields of irrigated cereals and their water requirements in the Tensift region of Morocco. The Med-CORDEX (MEDiterranean COordinated Regional Climate Downscaling EXperiment) ensemble runs under scenarios RCP4.5 (Representative Concentration Pathway) and RCP8.5 are first evaluated and disaggregated using the quantile-quantile approach. The impact of CC on the duration of the main wheat phenological stages based on the degree-day approach is then analyzed. The results show that the rise in air temperature causes a shortening of the development cycle of up to 50 days. The impacts of rising temperature and changes in precipitation on wheat yields are next evaluated, based on the AquaCrop model, both with and without taking into account the fertilizing effect of CO2. As expected, optimal wheat yields will decrease on the order of 7 to 30% if CO2 concentration rise is not considered. The fertilizing effect of CO2 can counterbalance yield losses, since optimal yields could increase by 7% and 13% respectively at mid-century for the RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios. Finally, water requirements are expected to decrease by 13 to 42%, mainly in response to the shortening of the cycle. This decrease is associated with a change in temporal patterns, with the requirement peak coming two months earlier than under current conditions.

", "keywords": ["Water resources", "Atmospheric sciences", "Agricultural Irrigation", "environment/Bioclimatology", "550", "Representative Concentration Pathways", "Adaptation to Climate Change in Agriculture", "Arid", "Rain", "[SDV.SA.AGRO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomy", "Climate Change and Variability Research", "Plant Science", "Precipitation", "02 engineering and technology", "01 natural sciences", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Downscaling", "Climate change", "Quantile", "Triticum", "Climatology", "2. Zero hunger", "Global and Planetary Change", "Ecology", "Geography", "Temperature", "Life Sciences", "Geology", "Morocco", "Phenology", "[SDV.EE.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", "Seeds", "Physical Sciences", "Metallurgy", "Desert Climate", "Impacts of Elevated CO2 and Ozone on Plant Physiology", "Climate Change", "0207 environmental engineering", "Yield (engineering)", "Climate model", "Article", "Environmental science", "FOS: Economics and business", "Meteorology", "FOS: Mathematics", "Econometrics", "[SDU.STU.HY]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology", "Biology", "Ecology", " Evolution", " Behavior and Systematics", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "[SDV.SA.AGRO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomy", "Water", "FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "Agronomy", "Materials science", "[SDV.EE.BIO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", " environment/Bioclimatology", "13. Climate action", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Environmental Science", "[SDU.STU.HY] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology", "Crop Yield", "Mediterranean climate", "Mathematics", "Climate Modeling"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-55251-2.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-55251-2"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Scientific%20Reports", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1038/s41598-019-55251-2", "name": "item", "description": "10.1038/s41598-019-55251-2", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1038/s41598-019-55251-2"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-12-16T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1038/s41598-019-56868-z", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:17:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-01-09", "title": "Modelling photovoltaic soiling losses through optical characterization", "description": "Abstract

The accumulation of soiling on photovoltaic (PV) modules affects PV systems worldwide. Soiling consists of mineral dust, soot particles, aerosols, pollen, fungi and/or other contaminants that deposit on the surface of PV modules. Soiling absorbs, scatters, and reflects a fraction of the incoming sunlight, reducing the intensity that reaches the active part of the solar cell. Here, we report on the comparison of naturally accumulated soiling on coupons of PV glass soiled at seven locations worldwide. The spectral hemispherical transmittance was measured. It was found that natural soiling disproportionately impacts the blue and ultraviolet (UV) portions of the spectrum compared to the visible and infrared (IR). Also, the general shape of the transmittance spectra was similar at all the studied sites and could adequately be described by a modified form of the \uffc3\uff85ngstr\uffc3\uffb6m turbidity equation. In addition, the distribution of particles sizes was found to follow the IEST-STD-CC 1246E cleanliness standard. The fractional coverage of the glass surface by particles could be determined directly or indirectly and, as expected, has a linear correlation with the transmittance. It thus becomes feasible to estimate the optical consequences of the soiling of PV modules from the particle size distribution and the cleanliness value.

", "keywords": ["Photovoltaic Arrays", "Cleanliness", "Particle", "PV", "02 engineering and technology", "Oceanography", "7. Clean energy", "soiling; experimental; transmittance; spectrum", "Turbidity", "Size", "Materials Science and Engineering", "\u00c5ngstr\u00f6m turbidity equation", "Transmittance", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "Photovoltaic system", "Ultraviolet", "Microscopy", "Soiling", "Energy", "Ecology", "Physics", "Q", "R", "Imaging and sensing", "Geology", "Particle size", "6. Clean water", "Photovoltaic Efficiency", "Chemistry", "Physical chemistry", "Particle (ecology)", "Physical Sciences", "Sunlight", "Medicine", "Infrared", "570", "Particle-size distribution", "PV System", "Energy science and technology", "Science", "Optical spectroscopy", "Partial Shading", "530", "Modelling", "Article", "Environmental science", "Techniques and instrumentation", "Optical physics", "Meteorology", "Artificial Intelligence", "Machine Learning Methods for Solar Radiation Forecasting", "Optical techniques", "Optoelectronics", "Aerosol", "Biology", "Renewable Energy", " Sustainability and the Environment", "Electronics", " photonics and device physics", "Building Integrated Photovoltaics", "Optics", "Photovoltaic Maximum Power Point Tracking Techniques", "FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences", "Materials science", "Photovoltaics", "Optics and photonics", "13. Climate action", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Computer Science", "Solar Thermal Energy Technologies"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://iris.uniroma1.it/bitstream/11573/1625670/2/Smestad_Modelling_2020.pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-56868-z.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-56868-z"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Scientific%20Reports", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1038/s41598-019-56868-z", "name": "item", "description": "10.1038/s41598-019-56868-z", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1038/s41598-019-56868-z"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-01-09T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1038/s43247-022-00567-7", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-29T16:17:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-10-07", "title": "Ecosystem productivity has a stronger influence than soil age on surface soil carbon storage across global biomes", "description": "Abstract

Interactions between soil organic matter and minerals largely govern the carbon sequestration capacity of soils. Yet, variations in the proportions of free light (unprotected) and mineral-associated (protected) carbon as soil develops in contrasting ecosystems are poorly constrained. Here, we studied 16 long-term chronosequences from six continents and found that the ecosystem type is more important than soil age (centuries to millennia) in explaining the proportion of unprotected and mineral-associated carbon fractions in surface soils across global biomes. Soil carbon pools in highly productive tropical and temperate forests were dominated by the unprotected carbon fraction and were highly vulnerable to reductions in ecosystem productivity and warming. Conversely, soil carbon in low productivity, drier and colder ecosystems was dominated by mineral-protected carbon, and was less responsive to warming. Our findings emphasize the importance of conserving ecosystem productivity to protect carbon stored in surface soils.The permafrost active layer is a key supplier of soil organic carbon and mineral nutrients to Arctic rivers. In the active layer, sites of soil-water exchange are locations for organic carbon and nutrient mobilization. Previously these sites were considered as connected during summer months and isolated during winter months. Whether soil pore waters in active layer soils are connected during shoulder seasons is poorly understood. In this study, exceptionally heavy silicon isotope compositions in soil pore waters show that during late winter, there is no connection between isolated pockets of soil pore water in soils with a shallow active layer. However, lighter silicon isotope compositions in soil pore waters reveal that soils are biogeochemically connected for longer than previously considered in soils with a deeper active layer. We show that an additional 21% of the 0\uffe2\uff80\uff931\uffe2\uff80\uff89m soil organic carbon stock is exposed to soil - water exchange. This marks a hot moment during a dormant season, and an engine for organic carbon transport from active layer soils. Our findings mark the starting point to locate earlier pathways for biogeochemical connectivity, which need to be urgently monitored to quantify the seasonal flux of organic carbon released from permafrost soils.Numerical models are crucial to understand and/or predict past and future soil organic carbon dynamics. For those models aiming at prediction, validation is a critical step to gain confidence in projections. With a comprehensive review of ~250 models, we assess how models are validated depending on their objectives and features, discuss how validation of predictive models can be improved. We find a critical lack of independent validation using observed time series. Conducting such validations should be a priority to improve the model reliability. Approximately 60% of the models we analysed are not designed for predictions, but rather for conceptual understanding of soil processes. These models provide important insights by identifying key processes and alternative formalisms that can be relevant for predictive models. We argue that combining independent validation based on observed time series and improved information flow between predictive and conceptual models will increase reliability in predictions.Incomplete wildfire combustion in boreal forests leaves behind legacy plant-soil feedbacks known to restrict plant biodiversity. These restrictions can inhibit carbon recapture after fire by limiting ecosystem transition to vegetation growth patterns that are capable of offsetting warmth-enhanced soil decomposition under climate change. Here, we field-surveyed plant regrowth conditions 2 years after 49 separate, naturally-occurring wildfires spanning the near-entire climatic range of boreal Fennoscandia in order to determine the local to regional scale drivers of early vegetation recovery. Minimal conifer reestablishment was found across a broad range of fire severities, though residual organic soil and plant structure was associated with restricted growth of a variety of more warmth-adapted vegetation, such as broadleaf trees. This dual regeneration limitation coincided with greater concentrations of bacterial decomposers in the soil under increased mean annual temperature, potentially enhancing soil carbon release. These results suggest that large portions of the boreal region are currently at risk of extending postfire periods of net emissions of carbon to the atmosphere under limitations in plant biodiversity generated by wildfire and a changing climate.Uncertainty in desert dust composition poses a big challenge to understanding Earth\uffe2\uff80\uff99s climate across different epochs. Of particular concern is hematite, an iron-oxide mineral dominating the solar absorption by dust particles, for which current estimates of absorption capacity vary by over two orders of magnitude. Here, we show that laboratory measurements of dust composition, absorption, and scattering provide valuable constraints on the absorption potential of hematite, substantially narrowing its range of plausible values. The success of this constraint is supported by results from an atmospheric transport model compared with station-based measurements. Additionally, we identify substantial bias in simulating hematite abundance in dust aerosols with current soil mineralogy descriptions, underscoring the necessity for improved data sources. Encouragingly, the next-generation imaging spectroscopy remote sensing data hold promise for capturing the spatial variability of hematite. These insights have implications for enhancing dust modeling, thus contributing to efforts in climate change mitigation and adaptation.It has been hypothesized that greater production of total nonstructural carbohydrates (TNC) in foliage grown under elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) will result in higher concentrations of defensive compounds in tree leaf litter, possibly leading to reduced rates of decomposition and nutrient cycling in forest ecosystems of the future. To evaluate the effects of elevated atmospheric CO2on litter chemistry and decomposition, we performed a 111 day laboratory incubation with leaf litter of trembling aspen (Populus tremuloidesMichaux) produced at 36\uffe2\uff80\uff83Pa and 56\uffe2\uff80\uff83Pa CO2and two levels of soil nitrogen (N) availability. Decomposition was quantified as microbially respired CO2and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in soil solution, and concentrations of nonstructural carbohydrates, N, carbon (C), and condensed tannins were monitored throughout the incubation. Growth under elevated atmospheric CO2did not significantly affect initial litter concentrations of TNC, N, or condensed tannins. Rates of decomposition, measured as both microbially respired CO2and DOC did not differ between litter produced under ambient and elevated CO2. Total C lost from the samples was 38\uffe2\uff80\uff83mg\uffe2\uff80\uff83g\uffe2\uff88\uff921litter as respired CO2and 138\uffe2\uff80\uff83mg\uffe2\uff80\uff83g\uffe2\uff88\uff921litter as DOC, suggesting short\uffe2\uff80\uff90term pulses of dissolved C in soil solution are important components of the terrestrial C cycle. We conclude that litter chemistry and decomposition in trembling aspen are minimally affected by growth under higher concentrations of CO2.

", "keywords": ["Ecology and Evolutionary Biology", "carbohydrates", "Quaking aspen", "forest-soil", "litter-plant", "nitrogen", "nitrogen-", "Microlysimeter", "soil-chemistry", "cycling-", "populus-tremuloides", "Geology and Earth Sciences", "Soil Carbon", "Microbiology of soils", "Carbon cycle", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "GLOBAL-ECOLOGY", "chemical-composition", "Organic-matter", "soil-solution", "nutrient-availability", "Tannin", "leaf-litter", "Science", "decomposition-", "Nutrient enrichment", "Carbohydrates", "carbohydrates-", "respiration-", "carbon-dioxide-enrichment", "Nitrogen in soil", "michigan-", "carbon sinks", "C", "Nutrient budget of forests", "Litter", "Populus tremuloides", "Global Change", "tannins-", "Decomposition", "forest-litter", "Foliage", "Carbon dioxide effects on forest litter", "Climatic changes", "15. Life on land", "carbon-nitrogen-ratio", "Forest litter decomposition", "N Ratio", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "microbial-activities", "nitrogen-content"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2001.00388.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.2001.00388.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.2001.00388.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2001.00388.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2001-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1061/(asce)gt.1943-5606.0002376", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-29T16:17:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-08-25", "title": "Response of Framed Buildings on Raft Foundations to Tunneling", "description": "This paper investigates the response of framed buildings on raft foundations to tunnel construction using geotechnical centrifuge testing. Five framed building models were considered, and the influence of building configuration, weight, eccentricity, and soil density were evaluated. Soil and foundation displacements, frame deformed shape, maximum structure deformation parameters (deflection ratios and angular distortions), and associated modification factors are illustrated. Results indicate that unlike equivalent isotropic plates, framed buildings primarily exhibit shear behavior and a semi-flexible response. Building deformed shapes indicate that angular/shear distortions (considering bay slope and local tilt) are more appropriate for quantifying framed building distortions than deflection ratios. A relative stiffness parameter is suggested to relate maximum angular distortions to the greenfield settlement slope. Moreover, the efficiency of the available relative stiffness parameters for the deflection ratio modification factors is confirmed. Limitations of the equivalent plate approach and practical implications of the results for framed buildings are discussed.", "keywords": ["0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology", "Ingenier\u00eda Civil y de la Construcci\u00f3n", "General Environmental Science"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://ascelibrary.org/doi/pdf/10.1061/%28ASCE%29GT.1943-5606.0002376"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)gt.1943-5606.0002376"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Geotechnical%20and%20Geoenvironmental%20Engineering", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1061/(asce)gt.1943-5606.0002376", "name": "item", "description": "10.1061/(asce)gt.1943-5606.0002376", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1061/(asce)gt.1943-5606.0002376"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1093/ismejo/wrae025", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:18:10Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-02-12", "title": "Stronger compensatory thermal adaptation of soil microbial respiration with higher substrate availability", "description": "Abstract

Ongoing global warming is expected to augment soil respiration by increasing the microbial activity, driving self-reinforcing feedback to climate change. However, the compensatory thermal adaptation of soil microorganisms and substrate depletion may weaken the effects of rising temperature on soil respiration. To test this hypothesis, we collected soils along a large-scale forest transect in eastern China spanning a natural temperature gradient, and we incubated the soils at different temperatures with or without substrate addition. We combined the exponential thermal response function and a data-driven model to study the interaction effect of thermal adaptation and substrate availability on microbial respiration and compared our results to those from two additional continental and global independent datasets. Modeled results suggested that the effect of thermal adaptation on microbial respiration was greater in areas with higher mean annual temperatures, which is consistent with the compensatory response to warming. In addition, the effect of thermal adaptation on microbial respiration was greater under substrate addition than under substrate depletion, which was also true for the independent datasets reanalyzed using our approach. Our results indicate that thermal adaptation in warmer regions could exert a more pronounced negative impact on microbial respiration when the substrate availability is abundant. These findings improve the body of knowledge on how substrate availability influences the soil microbial community\uffe2\uff80\uff93temperature interactions, which could improve estimates of projected soil carbon losses to the atmosphere through respiration.

Abstract. Conservation agriculture (CA) relies on two key practices to improve agricultural sustainability\u2014reduced tillage and cover crop usage. Despite known soil physics benefits (reduced soil compaction and strength, enhanced soil porosity and permeability), inconsistent reports on short-term CA results have limited its adoption in European agroecosystems. To elucidate the short-term effects, a three-year experiment in the low-lying Venetian plain (Northern Italy) was undertaken. Bulk density, penetration resistance, and soil hydraulic measures were used to evaluate results obtained by combining three tillage intensities (conventional tillage (CT), minimum tillage (MT), no tillage (NT)) with three winter soil coverages (bare soil (BS), tillage radish cover crop (TR), winter wheat cover crop (WW)). Among the tillage methods and soil layers, CT, on average, reduced BD (1.42\u2009g\u2009cm\u22123) and PR (1.64\u2009MPa) better in the 0\u201330\u2009cm tilled layer. Other treatments yielded higher values (+4\u2009% BD and +3.1\u2009% PR) in the same layer. Across the soil profile, reduced tillage coupled with WW improved soil physics even below the tilled layer, as evidenced by root growth-limiting threshold declines (\u221211\u2009% in BD values >\u20091.55\u2009g\u2009cm\u22123 and \u22127\u2009% in PR values >\u20092.5\u2009MPa). Soil hydraulic measures confirmed this positive behaviour; NT combined with either BS or WW produced a soil saturated conductivity of 2.12\u2009\u00d7\u200910\u22124\u2009m\u2009s\u22121 (four-fold that of all other treatments). Likewise, sorptivity increased in NT combined with BS versus other treatments (3.64\u2009\u00d7\u200910\u22124\u2009m\u2009s\u22121 vs an all-treatment average of 7.98\u2009\u00d7\u200910\u22125\u2009m\u2009s\u22121). Our results suggest that despite some measure declines due to reduced tillage, the strategy enhances soil physics. In the short term, cover crop WW moderately increased physical soil parameters, whereas TR had negligible effects. This study demonstrates that CA effects require monitoring several soil physical parameters.

", "keywords": ["Environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "QE1-996.5", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "GE1-350", "Geology", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Felice Sartori, Ilaria Piccoli, Riccardo Polese, Antonio Berti,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.research.unipd.it/bitstream/11577/3462065/1/soil-8-213-2022.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/11577/3462065"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/SOIL", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "11577/3462065", "name": "item", "description": "11577/3462065", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/11577/3462065"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-09-30T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1080/01490451.2014.908981", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:17:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-08-19", "title": "Response Of Soil Denitrifying Communities To Long-Term Prescribed Burning In Two Australian Sclerophyll Forests", "description": "Low-intensity prescribed burning is a common forest management tool and plays a major role in modifying biogeochemical cycling through the alteration of substrate availability and microbial communities. In this study, we assessed the response of microbial community to repeated prescribed burning in two sclerophyll forests (the Bauple site, dry, annual rainfall 1000\u00a0mm; and the Peachester site, wet, 1711\u00a0mm) in southeast Queensland, Australia. At the dry sclerophyll forest (the Bauple site), annual and triennial burning did not significantly alter the soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) content, while at the wet scleophyll forest (the Peachester site), two yearly burnings resulted in significantly lower soil total C and N contents compared to the long unburnt treatment. In spite of these different responses, prescribed burning regimes did not significantly influence the abundance of 16S rRNA or denitrifying gene (narG, nirK, nirS, nosZ) at both sites. These results indicated that, long-term prescribed burning has little effect on the denitrifying communities, while it has varying effects on soil chemical properties at the two sites, which are likely to be explained by differences in vegetation type and soil moisture regime.", "keywords": ["580", "550", "FoR 0403 (Geology)", "denitrifying community", "Geology", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "long-term repeated burning", "Microbiology", "3. Good health", "FoR 0605 (Microbiology)", "qPCR", "Soil biology", "13. Climate action", "sclerophyll forest", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "soil moisture"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1080/01490451.2014.908981"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geomicrobiology%20Journal", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1080/01490451.2014.908981", "name": "item", "description": "10.1080/01490451.2014.908981", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1080/01490451.2014.908981"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-08-09T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/bg-2-175-2005", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:21:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-04-29", "title": "Nitrous Oxide Fluxes And Nitrogen Cycling Along A Pasture Chronosequence In Central Amazonia, Brazil", "description": "

Abstract. We studied nitrous oxide (N2O) fluxes and soil nitrogen (N) cycling following forest conversion to pasture in the central Amazon near Santar\uffc3\uffa9m, Par\uffc3\uffa1, Brazil. Two undisturbed forest sites and 27 pasture sites of 0.5 to 60 years were sampled once each during wet and dry seasons. In addition to soil-atmosphere fluxes of N2O we measured 27 soil chemical, soil microbiological and soil physical variables. Soil N2O fluxes were higher in the wet season than in the dry season. Fluxes of N2O from forest soils always exceeded fluxes from pasture soils and showed no consistent trend with pasture age. At our forest sites, nitrate was the dominant form of inorganic N both during wet and dry season. At our pasture sites nitrate generally dominated the inorganic N pools during the wet season and ammonium dominated during the dry season. Net mineralization and nitrification rates displayed large variations. During the dry season net immobilization of N was observed in some pastures. Compared to forest sites, young pasture sites (\uffe2\uff89\uffa42 years) had low microbial biomass N and protease activities. Protease activity and microbial biomass N peaked in pastures of intermediate age (4 to 8 years) followed by consistently lower values in older pasture (10 to 60 years). The C/N ratio of litter was low at the forest sites (~25) and rapidly increased with pasture age reaching values of 60\uffe2\uff80\uff9370 at pastures of 15 years and older. Nitrous oxide emissions at our sites were controlled by C and N availability and soil aeration. Fluxes of N2O were negatively correlated to leaf litter C/N ratio, NH4+-N and the ratio of NO3--N to the sum of NO3--N + NH4+-N (indicators of N availability), and methane fluxes and bulk density (indicators of soil aeration status) during the wet season. During the dry season fluxes of N2O were positively correlated to microbial biomass N, \uffce\uffb2-glucosidase activity, total inorganic N stocks and NH4+-N. In our study region, pastures of all age emitted less N2O than old-growth forests, because of a progressive decline in N availability with pasture age combined with strongly anaerobic conditions in some pastures during the wet season.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "QE1-996.5", "Ecology", "[SDU.OCEAN] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean", " Atmosphere", "577", "Geology", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "[SDU.ASTR] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]", "[SDU.ENVI] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", " environment", "Life", "[PHYS.ASTR.CO] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO]", "13. Climate action", "QH501-531", "[SDU.STU] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "QH540-549.5"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2-175-2005"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biogeosciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/bg-2-175-2005", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/bg-2-175-2005", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/bg-2-175-2005"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-05-04T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1109/lgrs.2021.3073484", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:18:20Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-06-10", "title": "Sentinel-1 Backscatter Assimilation Using Support Vector Regression or the Water Cloud Model at European Soil Moisture Sites", "description": "Sentinel-1 backscatter observations were assimilated into the Global Land Evaporation Amsterdam Model (GLEAM) using an ensemble Kalman filter. As a forward operator, which is required to simulate backscatter from soil moisture and leaf area index (LAI), we evaluated both the traditional water cloud model (WCM) and the support vector regression (SVR). With SVR, a closer fit between backscatter observations and simulations was achieved. The impact on the correlation between modeled and in situ soil moisture measurements was similar when assimilating the Sentinel data using WCM (\u0394 R = +0.037) or SVR (\u0394 R = +0.025).", "keywords": ["Vegetation mapping", "support vector regression (SVR)", "Technology and Engineering", "Data models", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Computational modeling", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology", "01 natural sciences", "Backscatter", "radar backscatter", "Soil", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "LAND EVAPORATION", "Data assimilation", "Soil moisture", "Electrical and Electronic Engineering", "soil moisture", "Moisture", "SMOS", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://xplorestaging.ieee.org/ielx7/8859/9651998/09451176.pdf?arnumber=9451176"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2021.3073484"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/IEEE%20Geoscience%20and%20Remote%20Sensing%20Letters", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1109/lgrs.2021.3073484", "name": "item", "description": "10.1109/lgrs.2021.3073484", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1109/lgrs.2021.3073484"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1109/metroagrifor52389.2021.9628785", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:18:20Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-12-03", "title": "The effects of management practices and fires on soil water dynamics at three locations across Europe", "description": "2021 IEEE International Workshop on Metrology for Agriculture and Forestry (MetroAgriFor). Trento-Bolzano (Italy), 3-5 Nov. 2021. Soil hydraulic properties (SHP) can be affected by many different factors including: management practices (tillage practices, crop residue management), land use, or natural phenomena (fires, intensive rainfall, drought). Changes in SHP may have a negative impact on infiltration, soil water balance or plant water availability. Although changes of SHP caused by tillage or fires have been vastly studied, such studies are usually restricted to a specific area or do not study the subsequent effects of the changed soil on water movement. In this paper, we present a modelling case-study of the intra-seasonal soil water dynamics at several locations that were subjected to topsoil changes due to tillage management or fire. The effects of no-tillage (NT), minimum, reduced, or other types of non-conventional (alternative) tillage (AT), mulch application (MU), and fire (BURNED) were compared with the effects of conventional tillage (CT) on the soil water dynamics. The changes in SHP due to tillage practices and fire were obtained from the literature. All management practices and fire effects were tested using numerical simulation at three European catchments. According to the literature review, compared to CT, the MU and BURNED treatments affected soil hydraulic properties significantly. NT and AT also influence them, but to a lesser extent. The results of this modelling exercise replicate the effects of tillage on the SHP. The most persistent positive effect on soil water dynamics was under MU treatment. The effect of NT and AT were site specific, suggesting that these results must not be generalized or extrapolated without cautious considerations on the local conditions. BURNED exhibited the most negative effect on soil water dynamics in most cases. Peer reviewed", "keywords": ["Europe", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "Water storage", "Geology", "15. Life on land", "Metrology", "Hydraulic systems", "6. Clean water", "Bibliographies"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://xplorestaging.ieee.org/ielx7/9628139/9628392/09628785.pdf?arnumber=9628785"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1109/metroagrifor52389.2021.9628785"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2021%20IEEE%20International%20Workshop%20on%20Metrology%20for%20Agriculture%20and%20Forestry%20%28MetroAgriFor%29", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1109/metroagrifor52389.2021.9628785", "name": "item", "description": "10.1109/metroagrifor52389.2021.9628785", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1109/metroagrifor52389.2021.9628785"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-11-03T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.01001.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:18:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-08-19", "title": "Soil Organic Matter And Litter Chemistry Response To Experimental N Deposition In Northern Temperate Deciduous Forest Ecosystems", "description": "Abstract

The effects of atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition on organic matter decomposition vary with the biochemical characteristics of plant litter. At the ecosystem\uffe2\uff80\uff90scale, net effects are difficult to predict because various soil organic matter (SOM) fractions may respond differentially. We investigated the relationship between SOM chemistry and microbial activity in three northern deciduous forest ecosystems that have been subjected to experimental N addition for 2 years. Extractable dissolved organic carbon (DOC), DOC aromaticity, C\uffe2\uff80\uff83:\uffe2\uff80\uff83N ratio, and functional group distribution, measured by Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR), were analyzed for litter and SOM. The largest biochemical changes were found in the sugar maple\uffe2\uff80\uff93basswood (SMBW) and black oak\uffe2\uff80\uff93white oak (BOWO) ecosystems. SMBW litter from the N addition treatment had less aromaticity, higher C\uffe2\uff80\uff83:\uffe2\uff80\uff83N ratios, and lower saturated carbon, lower carbonyl carbon, and higher carboxylates than controls; BOWO litter showed opposite trends, except for carbonyl and carboxylate contents. Litter from the sugar maple\uffe2\uff80\uff93red oak (SMRO) ecosystem had a lower C\uffe2\uff80\uff83:\uffe2\uff80\uff83N ratio, but no change in DOC aromaticity. For SOM, the C\uffe2\uff80\uff83:\uffe2\uff80\uff83N ratio increased with N addition in SMBW and SMRO ecosystems, but decreased in BOWO; N addition did not affect the aromaticity of DOC extracted from mineral soil. All ecosystems showed increases in extractable DOC from both litter and soil in response to N treatment. The biochemical changes are consistent with the divergent microbial responses observed in these systems. Extracellular oxidative enzyme activity has declined in the BOWO and SMRO ecosystems while activity in the SMBW ecosystem, particularly in the litter horizon, has increased. In all systems, enzyme activities associated with the hydrolysis and oxidation of polysaccharides have increased. At the ecosystem scale, the biochemical characteristics of the dominant litter appear to modulate the effects of N deposition on organic matter dynamics.

", "keywords": ["Litter Chemistry", "Geology and Earth Sciences", "13. Climate action", "Soil Organic Matter", "Science", "Ecology and Evolutionary Biology", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Nitrogen Deposition", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Dissolved Organic Matter", "Extracellular Enzyme Activity"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.01001.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.01001.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.01001.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.01001.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-07-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2007.01313.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:18:36Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-01-19", "title": "Plant Species Richness, Elevated Co2, And Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition Alter Soil Microbial Community Composition And Function", "description": "Abstract

We determined soil microbial community composition and function in a field experiment in which plant communities of increasing species richness were exposed to factorial elevated CO2 and nitrogen (N) deposition treatments. Because elevated CO2 and N deposition increased plant productivity to a greater extent in more diverse plant assemblages, it is plausible that heterotrophic microbial communities would experience greater substrate availability, potentially increasing microbial activity, and accelerating soil carbon (C) and N cycling. We, therefore, hypothesized that the response of microbial communities to elevated CO2 and N deposition is contingent on the species richness of plant communities. Microbial community composition was determined by phospholipid fatty acid analysis, and function was measured using the activity of key extracellular enzymes involved in litter decomposition. Higher plant species richness, as a main effect, fostered greater microbial biomass, cellulolytic and chitinolytic capacity, as well as the abundance of saprophytic and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. Moreover, the effect of plant species richness on microbial communities was significantly modified by elevated CO2 and N deposition. For instance, microbial biomass and fungal abundance increased with greater species richness, but only under combinations of elevated CO2 and ambient N, or ambient CO2 and N deposition. Cellobiohydrolase activity increased with higher plant species richness, and this trend was amplified by elevated CO2. In most cases, the effect of plant species richness remained significant even after accounting for the influence of plant biomass. Taken together, our results demonstrate that plant species richness can directly regulate microbial activity and community composition, and that plant species richness is a significant determinant of microbial response to elevated CO2 and N deposition. The strong positive effect of plant species richness on cellulolytic capacity and microbial biomass indicate that the rates of soil C cycling may decline with decreasing plant species richness.

", "keywords": ["Extracellular Enzymes", "Complementary Resource Use", "Science", "Ecology and Evolutionary Biology", "Grassland Ecosystem", "Phospholipid Fatty Acid (PLFA)", "Global Change", "14. Life underwater", "complimentary resource use", "global change", "580", "2. Zero hunger", "Plant Diversity", "microbial biomass", "Geology and Earth Sciences", "grasslands", "Soil Fungi", "extracellular enzymes", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Microbial Biomass", "Soil C Cycling", "plant diversity", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "FACE (Free-air Carbon Dioxide Enrichment)"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2007.01313.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2007.01313.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2007.01313.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2007.01313.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-01-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2004.00737.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:18:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-12-24", "title": "Simulated Chronic No3\u2212Deposition Reduces Soil Respiration In Northern Hardwood Forests", "description": "Abstract

Chronic N additions to forest ecosystems can enhance soil N availability, potentially leading to reduced C allocation to root systems. This in turn could decrease soil CO2 efflux. We measured soil respiration during the first, fifth, sixth and eighth years of simulated atmospheric NO3\uffe2\uff88\uff92 deposition (3\uffe2\uff80\uff83g\uffe2\uff80\uff83N\uffe2\uff80\uff83m\uffe2\uff88\uff922\uffe2\uff80\uff83yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921) to four sugar maple\uffe2\uff80\uff90dominated northern hardwood forests in Michigan to assess these possibilities. During the first year, soil respiration rates were slightly, but not significantly, higher in the NO3\uffe2\uff88\uff92\uffe2\uff80\uff90amended plots. In all subsequent measurement years, soil respiration rates from NO3\uffe2\uff88\uff92\uffe2\uff80\uff90amended soils were significantly depressed. Soil temperature and soil matric potential were measured concurrently with soil respiration and used to develop regression relationships for predicting soil respiration rates. Estimates of growing season and annual soil CO2 efflux made using these relationships indicate that these C fluxes were depressed by 15% in the eighth year of chronic NO3\uffe2\uff88\uff92 additions. The decrease in soil respiration was not due to reduced C allocation to roots, as root respiration rates, root biomass, and root turnover were not significantly affected by N additions. Aboveground litter also was unchanged by the 8 years of treatment. Of the remaining potential causes for the decline in soil CO2 efflux, reduced microbial respiration appears to be the most likely possibility. Documented reductions in microbial biomass and the activities of extracellular enzymes used for litter degradation on the NO3\uffe2\uff88\uff92\uffe2\uff80\uff90amended plots are consistent with this explanation.

", "keywords": ["Nitrogen Fertilization", "Soil CO 2 Efflux", "Geology and Earth Sciences", "Science", "Atmospheric Nitrate Deposition", "Ecology and Evolutionary Biology", "Root Respiration", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Temperature and Moisture Effects", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Root Biomass"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2004.00737.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2004.00737.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2004.00737.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2004.00737.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-05-07T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02376.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:18:39Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-11-25", "title": "Fungal Community Composition And Function After Long-Term Exposure Of Northern Forests To Elevated Atmospheric Co2 And Tropospheric O-3", "description": "The long-term effects of rising atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) and tropospheric O3 concentrations on fungal communities in soil are not well understood. Here, we examine fungal community composition and the activities of cellobiohydrolase and N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAG) after 10 years of exposure to 1.5 times ambient levels of CO2 and O3 in aspen and aspen-birch forest ecosystems, and compare these results to earlier studies in the same long-term experiment.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "0301 basic medicine", "Elevated Ozone", "Geology and Earth Sciences", "Science", "Ecology and Evolutionary Biology", "Long\u2010Term", "Enzyme Activities", "Elevated Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "03 medical and health sciences", "FACE", "13. Climate action", "Fungal Communities"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02376.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02376.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02376.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02376.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-01-05T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02058.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:18:38Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-09-07", "title": "Maintenance Of Leaf N Controls The Photosynthetic Co2 Response Of Grassland Species Exposed To 9 Years Of Free-Air Co2 Enrichment", "description": "Abstract

Determining underlying physiological patterns governing plant productivity and diversity in grasslands are critical to evaluate species responses to future environmental conditions of elevated CO2 and nitrogen (N) deposition. In a 9\uffe2\uff80\uff90year experiment, N was added to monocultures of seven C3 grassland species exposed to elevated atmospheric CO2 (560\uffe2\uff80\uff83\uffce\uffbcmol\uffe2\uff80\uff83CO2\uffe2\uff80\uff83mol\uffe2\uff88\uff921) to evaluate how N addition affects CO2 responsiveness in species of contrasting functional groups. Functional groups differed in their responses to elevated CO2 and N treatments. Forb species exhibited strong down\uffe2\uff80\uff90regulation of leaf Nmass concentrations (\uffe2\uff88\uff9226%) and photosynthetic capacity (\uffe2\uff88\uff9228%) in response to elevated CO2, especially at high N supply, whereas C3 grasses did not. Hence, achieved photosynthetic performance was markedly enhanced for C3 grasses (+68%) in elevated CO2, but not significantly for forbs. Differences in access to soil resources between forbs and grasses may distinguish their responses to elevated CO2 and N addition. Forbs had lesser root biomass, a lower distribution of biomass to roots, and lower specific root length than grasses. Maintenance of leaf N, possibly through increased root foraging in this nutrient\uffe2\uff80\uff90poor grassland, was necessary to sustain stimulation of photosynthesis under long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term elevated CO2. Dilution of leaf N and associated photosynthetic down\uffe2\uff80\uff90regulation in forbs under elevated [CO2], relative to the C3 grasses, illustrates the potential for shifts in species composition and diversity in grassland ecosystems that have significant forb and grass components.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Nitrogen", "Science", "Ecology and Evolutionary Biology", "Poaceae C3 grass species", "carbon dioxide enrichment", "01 natural sciences", "nitrogen", "C 3 Grass Species", "FACE", "carbon cycle", "Species Functional Groups", "nitrogen cycle", "Free-air CO 2", "Carboxylation Rate", "Photosynthesis", "2. Zero hunger", "photosynthesis", "species diversity", "Geology and Earth Sciences", "carbon dioxide", "Carboxylation rate", "15. Life on land", "Species functional groups", "grasses", "Free-air CO2", "Keywords: angiosperm", "grassland"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/63064/5/Crous-etal_GCB2009-doi-online.pdf.jpg"}, {"href": "https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/63064/7/01_Crous_Maintenance_of_leaf_N_controls_2009.pdf.jpg"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02058.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02058.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02058.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02058.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/bg-2-159-2005", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:21:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-04-29", "description": "

Abstract. Extreme sensitivity of soil organic carbon (SOC) to climate and land use change warrants further research in different terrestrial ecosystems. The aim of this study was to investigate the link between aggregate and SOC dynamics in a chronosequence of three different land uses of a south Chilean Andisol: a second growth Nothofagus obliqua forest (SGFOR), a grassland (GRASS) and a Pinus radiata plantation (PINUS). Total carbon content of the 0-10cm soil layer was higher for GRASS (6.7 kg C m-2) than for PINUS (4.3 kg C m-2, while TC content of SGFOR (5.8 kg C m-2) was not significantly different from either one. High extractable oxalate and pyrophosphate Al concentrations (varying from 20.3-24.4 g kg-1, and 3.9-11.1 g kg-1, respectively) were found in all sites. In this study, SOC and aggregate dynamics were studied using size and density fractionation experiments of the SOC, \uffce\uffb413C and total carbon analysis of the different SOC fractions, and C mineralization experiments. The results showed that electrostatic sorption between and among amorphous Al components and clay minerals is mainly responsible for the formation of metal-humus-clay complexes and the stabilization of soil aggregates. The process of ligand exchange between SOC and Al would be of minor importance resulting in the absence of aggregate hierarchy in this soil type. Whole soil C mineralization rate constants were highest for SGFOR and PINUS, followed by GRASS (respectively 0.495, 0.266 and 0.196 g CO2-Cm-2d-1 for the top soil layer). In contrast, incubation experiments of isolated macro organic matter fractions gave opposite results, showing that the recalcitrance of the SOC decreased in another order: PINUS>SGFOR>GRASS. We deduced that electrostatic sorption processes and physical protection of SOC in soil aggregates were the main processes determining SOC stabilization. As a result, high aggregate carbon concentrations, varying from 148 till 48 g kg-1, were encountered for all land use sites. Al availability and electrostatic charges are dependent on pH, resulting in an important influence of soil pH on aggregate stability. Recalcitrance of the SOC did not appear to largely affect SOC stabilization. Statistical correlations between extractable amorphous Al contents, aggregate stability and C mineralization rate constants were encountered, supporting this hypothesis. Land use changes affected SOC dynamics and aggregate stability by modifying soil pH (and thus electrostatic charges and available Al content), root SOC input and management practices (such as ploughing and accompanying drying of the soil).

", "keywords": ["DECOMPOSITION", "NEW-ZEALAND", "DENSITY FRACTIONS", "[SDU.ASTR] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]", "HUMIC-ACID", "Life", "QH501-531", "QH540-549.5", "2. Zero hunger", "QE1-996.5", "CULTIVATED SOILS", "Ecology", "[SDU.OCEAN] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean", " Atmosphere", "Geology", "LAND-USE CHANGE", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "ALUMINUM", "15. Life on land", "[SDU.ENVI] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", " environment", "MACROORGANIC MATTER", "C SEQUESTRATION", "[PHYS.ASTR.CO] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO]", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "FOREST SOILS", "[SDU.STU] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Huygens, D., Boeckx, P., van Cleemput, O., Oyarz\u00fan, C., Godoy, R.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2-159-2005"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biogeosciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/bg-2-159-2005", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/bg-2-159-2005", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/bg-2-159-2005"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-06-24T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/maps.12922", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:18:50Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-07-27", "title": "Implications for behavior of volatile elements during impacts-Zinc and copper systematics in sediments from the Ries impact structure and central European tektites", "description": "Abstract

Moldavites are tektites genetically related to the Ries impact structure, located in Central Europe, but the source materials and the processes related to the chemical fractionation of moldavites are not fully constrained. To further understand moldavite genesis, the Cu and Zn abundances and isotope compositions were measured in a suite of tektites from four different substrewn fields (South Bohemia, Moravia, Cheb Basin, Lusatia) and chemically diverse sediments from the surroundings of the Ries impact structure. Moldavites are slightly depleted in Zn (~10\uffe2\uff80\uff9320%) and distinctly depleted in Cu (>90%) relative to supposed sedimentary precursors. Moreover, the moldavites show a wide range in \uffce\uffb466Zn values between 1.7 and 3.7\uffe2\uff80\uffb0 (relative to JMC 3\uffe2\uff80\uff900749 Lyon) and \uffce\uffb465Cu values between 1.6 and 12.5\uffe2\uff80\uffb0 (relative to NIST SRM 976) and are thus enriched in heavy isotopes relative to their possible parent sedimentary sources (\uffce\uffb466Zn\uffc2\uffa0=\uffc2\uffa0\uffe2\uff88\uff920.07 to +0.64\uffe2\uff80\uffb0; \uffce\uffb465Cu\uffc2\uffa0=\uffc2\uffa0\uffe2\uff88\uff920.4 to +0.7\uffe2\uff80\uffb0). In particular, the Cheb Basin moldavites show some of the highest \uffce\uffb465Cu values (up to 12.5\uffe2\uff80\uffb0) ever observed in natural samples. The relative magnitude of isotope fractionation for Cu and Zn seen here is opposite to oxygen\uffe2\uff80\uff90poor environments such as the Moon where Zn is significantly more isotopically fractionated than Cu. One possibility is that monovalent Cu diffuses faster than divalent Zn in the reduced melt and diffusion will not affect the extent of Zn isotope fractionation. These observations imply that the capability of forming a redox environment may aid in volatilizing some elements, accompanied by isotope fractionation, during the impact process. The greater extent of elemental depletion, coupled with isotope fractionation of more refractory Cu relative to Zn, may also hinge on the presence of carbonyl species of transition metals and electromagnetic charge, which could exist in the impact\uffe2\uff80\uff90induced high\uffe2\uff80\uff90velocity jet of vapor and melts.

", "keywords": ["550", "GRANITES", "NDAS", "Ries crater", "01 natural sciences", "Tektites", "ZINC", "[SDU.STU.GC] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry", "QE", "14. Life underwater", "STABLE-ISOTOPE GEOCHEMISTRY", "QC", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "Copper isotopes", "ORIGIN", "AUSTRALASIAN TEKTITES", "FRACTIONATION", "IRON", "500", "LACHLAN FOLD BELT", "Ries area sediments", "QE Geology", "Impact", "QC Physics", "13. Climate action", "Volatile loss", "ZN", "Isotope fractionation", "Zinc isotopes", "CU"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/wol1/doi/10.1111/maps.12922/fullpdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/maps.12922"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Meteoritics%20%26amp%3B%20Planetary%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/maps.12922", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/maps.12922", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/maps.12922"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-07-27T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1126/sciadv.abb6546", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:18:55Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-10-16", "title": "Remobilization of dormant carbon from Siberian\u2010Arctic permafrost during three past warming events", "description": "

Arctic Ocean sediments reveal permafrost thaw and carbon release during three large warming events of the past 27,000 years.

", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "13 Climate Action", "0303 health sciences", "03 medical and health sciences", "13. Climate action", "37 Earth Sciences", "3705 Geology", "3709 Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience", "15. Life on land", "Research Articles"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abb6546"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20Advances", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1126/sciadv.abb6546", "name": "item", "description": "10.1126/sciadv.abb6546", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1126/sciadv.abb6546"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-10-16T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/bg-20-271-2023", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:21:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-01-17", "title": "Contrasts in dissolved, particulate, and sedimentary organic carbon from the Kolyma River to the East Siberian Shelf", "description": "

Abstract. Arctic rivers will be increasingly affected by the hydrological and biogeochemical consequences of thawing permafrost. During transport, permafrost-derived organic carbon (OC) can either accumulate in floodplain and shelf sediments or be degraded into greenhouse gases prior to final burial. Thus, the net impact of permafrost OC on climate will ultimately depend on the interplay of complex processes that occur along the source-to-sink system. Here, we focus on the Kolyma River, the largest watershed completely underlain by continuous permafrost, and marine sediments of the East Siberian Sea, as a transect to investigate the fate of permafrost OC along the land\u2013ocean continuum. Three pools of riverine OC were investigated for the Kolyma main stem and five of its tributaries: dissolved OC (DOC), suspended particulate OC (POC), and riverbed sediment OC (SOC). They were compared with earlier findings in marine sediments. Carbon isotopes (\u03b413C, \u039414C), lignin phenol, and lipid biomarker proxies show a contrasting composition and degradation state of these different carbon pools. Dual C isotope source apportionment calculations imply that old permafrost-OC is mostly associated with sediments (SOC; contribution of 68\u00b110\u2009%), and less dominant in POC (38\u00b18\u2009%), whereas autochthonous primary production contributes around 44\u00b110\u2009% to POC in the main stem and up to 79\u00b111\u2009% in tributaries. Biomarker degradation indices suggest that Kolyma DOC might be relatively degraded, regardless of its generally young age shown by previous studies. In contrast, SOC shows the lowest \u039414C value (oldest OC), yet relatively fresh compositional signatures. Furthermore, decreasing mineral surface area-normalised OC- and biomarker loadings suggest that SOC might be reactive along the land\u2013ocean continuum and almost all parameters were subjected to rapid change when moving from freshwater to the marine environment. This suggests that sedimentary dynamics play a crucial role when targeting permafrost-derived OC in aquatic systems and support earlier studies highlighting the fact that the land\u2013ocean transition zone is an efficient reactor and a dynamic environment. The prevailing inconsistencies between freshwater and marine research (i.e.\u00a0targeting predominantly DOC and SOC respectively) need to be better aligned in order to determine to what degree thawed permafrost OC may be destined for long-term burial, thereby attenuating further global warming.

", "keywords": ["QE1-996.5", "Ecology", "Permafrost", " Climate Feedback", " Climate Change", " Arctic", "Geology", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Life", "13. Climate action", "QH501-531", "SDG 13 - Climate Action", "14. Life underwater", "QH540-549.5", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://bg.copernicus.org/articles/20/271/2023/bg-20-271-2023.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-271-2023"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biogeosciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/bg-20-271-2023", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/bg-20-271-2023", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/bg-20-271-2023"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-06-27T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/bg-20-2785-2023", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-29T16:21:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-07-14", "title": "Burned area and carbon emissions across northwestern boreal North America from 2001\u20132019", "description": "

Abstract. Fire is the dominant disturbance agent in Alaskan and Canadian boreal ecosystems and releases large amounts of carbon into the atmosphere. Burned area and carbon emissions have been increasing with climate change, which have the potential to alter the carbon balance and shift the region from a historic sink to a source. It is therefore critically important to track the spatiotemporal changes in burned area and fire carbon emissions over time. Here we developed a new burned-area detection algorithm between 2001\u20132019 across Alaska and Canada at 500\u2009m (meters) resolution that utilizes finer-scale 30\u2009m Landsat imagery to account for land cover unsuitable for burning. This method strictly balances omission and commission errors at 500\u2009m to derive accurate landscape- and regional-scale burned-area estimates. Using this new burned-area product, we developed statistical models to predict burn depth and carbon combustion for the same period within the NASA Arctic\u2013Boreal Vulnerability Experiment (ABoVE) core and extended domain. Statistical models were constrained using a database of field observations across the domain and were related to a variety of response variables including remotely sensed indicators of fire severity, fire weather indices, local climate, soils, and topographic indicators. The burn depth and aboveground combustion models performed best, with poorer performance for belowground combustion. We estimate 2.37\u00d7106\u2009ha (2.37\u2009Mha) burned annually between 2001\u20132019 over the ABoVE domain (2.87\u2009Mha across all of Alaska and Canada), emitting 79.3\u2009\u00b1\u200927.96\u2009Tg (\u00b11 standard deviation) of carbon (C) per year, with a mean combustion rate of 3.13\u2009\u00b1\u20091.17\u2009kg\u2009C\u2009m\u22122. Mean combustion and burn depth displayed a general gradient of higher severity in the northwestern portion of the domain to lower severity in the south and east. We also found larger-fire years and later-season burning were generally associated with greater mean combustion. Our estimates are generally consistent with previous efforts to quantify burned area, fire carbon emissions, and their drivers in regions within boreal North America; however, we generally estimate higher burned area and carbon emissions due to our use of Landsat imagery, greater availability of field observations, and improvements in modeling. The burned area and combustion datasets described here (the ABoVE Fire Emissions Database, or ABoVE-FED) can be used for local- to continental-scale applications of boreal fire science.

", "keywords": ["QE1-996.5", "Carbon Emissions", "Ecology", "Life", "13. Climate action", "QH501-531", "limate change", "Geology", "15. Life on land", "Boreal ecosystems", "QH540-549.5"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2785-2023"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biogeosciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/bg-20-2785-2023", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/bg-20-2785-2023", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/bg-20-2785-2023"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-09-29T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.15454/srhcuh", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:19:22Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Science for policy 1: FaST hidden benefits: needs based targeting of cleaner water through better use of nutrients - datasets", "description": "Open AccessThis dataset is part of both Deliverable 4.3 and 5.3 and was produced by the WP4 team of the Landmark H2020 project. It contains the following shapefile: PO1_GAEC5.shp The shapefile gives an estimation of the change in soil function performance across the EU in agricultural soils after implementation of the GAEC5 under the proposed CAP. This spatial variation is represented in change in z-scores compared to the current supply on a NUTS1 level. To implement the scenario, for each crop within each environmental zone the 20% area with the lowest values of the N Cycling indicator are selected from the current SF supply map and this indicator is increased to the lowest values in the other 80% of the same crop \u2013 environmental zone combination. In a second step, for each crop within each environmental zone the 20% area with the lowest values of the water purification indicator from the current SF supply map are selected and this indicator is increased to the lowest values in the other 80% of the crop \u2013 environmental zone combination, while maintaining the N Cycling improvements. This simulates potential improvements in both N Cycling and water purification due to the implementation of the Farm Sustainability Tool for Nutrients (GAEC 5) Z-scores are calculated from the spatial SF maps for each of the NUTS1 zones. The z-scores give the signed fractional number of standard deviations by which SF means for a NUTS1 zone are above or below the mean value and allow us indicate which areas have a higher or lower soil function performance compared to the mean value. Z-scores from the current SF maps and scenario maps were then compared to each other to calculate the change in z-scores. This change in z-scores is given in the shapefiles and describes the relative change in soil function performance. Positive values indicate an improvement in soil functioning compared to the current situation, negative values a decrease. More information regarding calculation and interpretation of both this dataset and the soil function maps used to calculate the z-scores can be found in: Vrebos D., F. Bampa, R. Creamer, A. Jones, E. Lugato, L. O\u2019Sullivan, P. Meire, R.P.O. Schulte, J. Schr\u00f6der and J. Staes (2018). Scenarios maps: visualizing optimized scenarios where supply of soil functions matches demands. LANDMARK Report 4.3. and Jones A. et al. (2019). An options document to propose future policy tools for functional soil management. LANDMARK 5.3. All available from www.landmark2020.eu.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Water resources", "Soils and soil sciences", "Agricultural Sciences", "6. Clean water", "Hydrology and Hydrogeology", "15. Life on land", "Farming Systems", "12. Responsible consumption", "Farming Systems and Practices", "13. Climate action", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "Soil Sciences", "Agriculture", " Forestry", " Horticulture", "Geosciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Vrebos, Dirk, O\u2019Sullivan, Lilian, Bampa, Francesca, Schulte, Rogier, Creamer, Rachel, Jones, Arwyn, Staes, Jan, Zwetsloot, Marie, Debernardini, Mariana, Wall, David,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.15454/srhcuh"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.15454/srhcuh", "name": "item", "description": "10.15454/srhcuh", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.15454/srhcuh"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/bg-20-3151-2023", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-29T16:21:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-08-01", "title": "How well does ramped thermal oxidation quantify the age distribution of soil carbon? Assessing thermal stability of physically and chemically fractionated soil organic matter", "description": "

Abstract. Carbon (C) in soils persists on a range of timescales depending on physical, chemical, and biological processes that interact with soil organic matter (SOM) and affect its rate of decomposition. Together these processes determine the age distribution of soil C. Most attempts to measure this age distribution have relied on operationally defined fractions using properties like density, aggregate stability, solubility, or chemical reactivity. Recently, thermal fractionation, which relies on the activation energy needed to combust SOM, has shown promise for separating young from old C by applying increasing heat to decompose SOM. Here, we investigated radiocarbon (14C) and 13C of C released during thermal fractionation to link activation energy to the age distribution of C in bulk soil and components previously separated by density and chemical properties. While physically and chemically isolated fractions had very distinct mean 14C values, they contributed C across the full temperature range during thermal analysis. Thus, each thermal fraction collected during combustion of bulk soil integrates contributions from younger and older C derived from components having different physical and chemical properties but the same activation energy. Bulk soil and all density and chemical fractions released progressively older and more 13C-enriched C with increasing activation energy, indicating that each operationally defined fraction itself was not homogeneous but contained a mix of C with different ages and degrees of microbial processing. Overall, we found that defining the full age distribution of C in bulk soil is best quantified by first separating particulate C prior to thermal fractionation of mineral-associated SOM. For the Podzol analyzed here, thermal fractions confirmed that \u223c\u200995\u2009% of the mineral-associated organic matter (MOM) had a relatively narrow 14C distribution, while 5\u2009% was very low in 14C and likely reflected C from the <\u20092\u2009mm parent shale material in the soil matrix. After first removing particulate C using density or size separation, thermal fractionation can provide a rapid technique to study the age structure of MOM and how it is influenced by different OM\u2013mineral interactions.

", "keywords": ["QE1-996.5", "550", "Ecology", "Soil Science", "Geology", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Life", "QH501-531", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "QH540-549.5", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/31636/1/stoner-s-w-et-al-20230830.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3151-2023"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biogeosciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/bg-20-3151-2023", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/bg-20-3151-2023", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/bg-20-3151-2023"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-09-26T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/bg-18-2003-2021", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:21:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-03-19", "title": "Topography-based statistical modelling reveals high spatial variability and seasonal emission patches in forest floor methane flux", "description": "

Abstract. Boreal forest soils are globally an important sink for methane (CH4), while these soils are also capable of emitting CH4 under favourable conditions. Soil wetness is a well-known driver of CH4 flux, and the wetness can be estimated with several terrain indices developed for the purpose. The aim of this study was to quantify the spatial variability of the forest floor CH4 flux with a topography-based upscaling method connecting the flux with its driving factors. We conducted spatially extensive forest floor CH4 flux and soil moisture measurements, complemented by ground vegetation classification, in a boreal pine forest. We then modelled the soil moisture with a random forest model using digital-elevation-model-derived topographic indices, based on which we upscaled the forest floor CH4 flux. The modelling was performed for two seasons: May\uffe2\uff80\uff93July and August\uffe2\uff80\uff93October. Additionally, we evaluated the number of flux measurement points needed to get an accurate estimate of the flux at the whole study site merely by averaging. Our results demonstrate high spatial heterogeneity in the forest floor CH4 flux resulting from the soil moisture variability as well as from the related ground vegetation. The mean measured CH4 flux at the sample points was \uffe2\uff88\uff925.07\uffe2\uff80\uff89\uffc2\uffb5mol\uffe2\uff80\uff89m\uffe2\uff88\uff922\uffe2\uff80\uff89h\uffe2\uff88\uff921 in May\uffe2\uff80\uff93July and \uffe2\uff88\uff928.67\uffe2\uff80\uff89\uffc2\uffb5mol\uffe2\uff80\uff89m\uffe2\uff88\uff922\uffe2\uff80\uff89h\uffe2\uff88\uff921 in August\uffe2\uff80\uff93October, while the modelled flux for the whole area was \uffe2\uff88\uff927.42 and \uffe2\uff88\uff929.91\uffe2\uff80\uff89\uffc2\uffb5mol\uffe2\uff80\uff89m\uffe2\uff88\uff922\uffe2\uff80\uff89h\uffe2\uff88\uff921 for the two seasons, respectively. The spatial variability in the soil moisture and consequently in the CH4 flux was higher in the early summer (modelled range from \uffe2\uff88\uff9212.3 to 6.19\uffe2\uff80\uff89\uffc2\uffb5mol\uffe2\uff80\uff89m\uffe2\uff88\uff922\uffe2\uff80\uff89h\uffe2\uff88\uff921) compared to the autumn period (range from \uffe2\uff88\uff9214.6 to \uffe2\uff88\uff922.12\uffe2\uff80\uff89\uffc2\uffb5mol\uffe2\uff80\uff89m\uffe2\uff88\uff922\uffe2\uff80\uff89h\uffe2\uff88\uff921), and overall the CH4 uptake rate was higher in autumn compared to early summer. In the early summer there were patches emitting high amounts of CH4; however, these wet patches got drier and smaller in size towards the autumn, changing their dynamics to CH4 uptake. The mean values of the measured and modelled CH4 fluxes for the sample point locations were similar, indicating that the model was able to reproduce the results. For the whole site, upscaling predicted stronger CH4 uptake compared to simply averaging over the sample points. The results highlight the small-scale spatial variability of the boreal forest floor CH4 flux and the importance of soil chamber placement in order to obtain spatially representative CH4 flux results. To predict the CH4 fluxes over large areas more reliably, the locations of the sample points should be selected based on the spatial variability of the driving parameters, in addition to linking the measured fluxes with the parameters.

", "keywords": ["QE1-996.5", "BOREAL FEN", "Ecology", "methane", "EDDY COVARIANCE", "NITROUS-OXIDE", "Geology", "15. Life on land", "ATMOSPHERE", "01 natural sciences", "forest soils", "Environmental sciences", "SOIL", "CARBON-DIOXIDE", "TEMPERATE FOREST", "Life", "13. Climate action", "QH501-531", "CH4 EMISSIONS", "EXCHANGE", "CHAMBER", "Geosciences", "QH540-549.5", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://bg.copernicus.org/articles/18/2003/2021/bg-18-2003-2021.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2003-2021"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biogeosciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/bg-18-2003-2021", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/bg-18-2003-2021", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/bg-18-2003-2021"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-03-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/gmd-14-6403-2021", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:21:23Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-10-25", "title": "Mineral dust cycle in the Multiscale Online Nonhydrostatic AtmospheRe CHemistry model (MONARCH) Version 2.0", "description": "

Abstract. We present the dust module in the Multiscale Online Non-hydrostatic AtmospheRe CHemistry model (MONARCH) version 2.0, a chemical weather prediction system that can be used for regional and global modeling at a range of resolutions. The representations of dust processes in MONARCH were upgraded with a focus on dust emission (emission parameterizations, entrainment thresholds, considerations of soil moisture and surface cover), lower boundary conditions (roughness, potential dust sources), and dust\u2013radiation interactions. MONARCH now allows modeling of global and regional mineral dust cycles using fundamentally different paradigms, ranging from strongly simplified to physics-based parameterizations. We present a detailed description of these updates along with four global benchmark simulations, which use conceptually different dust emission parameterizations, and we evaluate the simulations against observations of dust optical depth. We determine key dust parameters, such as global annual emission/deposition flux, dust loading, dust optical depth, mass-extinction efficiency, single-scattering albedo, and direct radiative effects. For dust-particle diameters up to 20\u2009\u00b5m, the total annual dust emission and deposition fluxes obtained with our four experiments range between about 3500 and 6000\u2009Tg, which largely depend upon differences in the emitted size distribution. Considering ellipsoidal particle shapes and dust refractive indices that account for size-resolved mineralogy, we estimate the global total (longwave and shortwave) dust direct radiative effect (DRE) at the surface to range between about \u22120.90 and \u22120.63\u2009W\u2009m\u22122 and at the top of the atmosphere between \u22120.20 and \u22120.28\u2009W\u2009m\u22122. Our evaluation demonstrates that MONARCH is able to reproduce key features of the spatiotemporal variability of the global dust cycle with important and insightful differences between the different configurations.

", "keywords": ["Mineral dusts", "Previsi\u00f3 del temps", "QE1-996.5", "info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/550", "550", "ddc:550", "Geology", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", ":Enginyeria qu\u00edmica::Qu\u00edmica del medi ambient::Qu\u00edmica atmosf\u00e8rica [\u00c0rees tem\u00e0tiques de la UPC]", "Weather forecasting", "Climate Action", "[SDU] Sciences of the Universe [physics]", "Earth sciences", "[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]", "13. Climate action", "Earth Sciences", "Pols", "\u00c0rees tem\u00e0tiques de la UPC::Enginyeria qu\u00edmica::Qu\u00edmica del medi ambient::Qu\u00edmica atmosf\u00e8rica", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/14/6403/2021/gmd-14-6403-2021.pdf"}, {"href": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt2r39x8b5/qt2r39x8b5.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-6403-2021"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoscientific%20Model%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/gmd-14-6403-2021", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/gmd-14-6403-2021", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/gmd-14-6403-2021"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1186/s40623-018-0795-7", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:19:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-02-12", "title": "Detection of water vapor time variations associated with heavy rain in northern Italy by geodetic and low-cost GNSS receivers", "description": "Abstract GNSS atmospheric water vapor monitoring is not yet routinely performed in Italy, particularly at the regional scale. However, in order to support the activities of regional environmental protection agencies, there is a widespread need to improve forecasting of heavy rainfall events. Localized convective rain forecasts are often misplaced in space and/or time, causing inefficiencies in risk mitigation activities. Water vapor information can be used to improve these forecasts. In collaboration with the environmental protection agencies of the Lombardy and Piedmont regions in northern Italy, we have collected and processed GNSS and weather station datasets for two heavy rain events: one which was spatially widespread, and another which was limited to few square kilometers. The time variations in water vapor derived from a regional GNSS network with inter-station distances on the order of 50\u00a0km were analyzed, and the relationship between the time variations and the evolution of the rain events was evaluated. Results showed a signature associated with the passage of the widespread rain front over each GNSS station within the area of interest. There was a peak in the precipitable water vapor value when the heavier precipitation area surrounded the station, followed by a steep decrease (5\u201310\u00a0mm in about 1\u00a0h) as the rainclouds moved past the station. The smaller-scale event, a convective storm a few kilometers in extent, was not detected by the regional GNSS network, but strong fluctuations in water vapor were detected by a low-cost station located near the area of interest.", "keywords": ["QB275-343", "QE1-996.5", "Intense rainfall", "GNSS meteorology; Intense rainfall; PWV variations; Geology; Space and Planetary Science", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Geology", "02 engineering and technology", "01 natural sciences", "G", "GNSS meteorology", "13. Climate action", "Geography. Anthropology. Recreation", "PWV variations", "Geodesy", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://re.public.polimi.it/bitstream/11311/1069376/1/s40623-018-0795-7.pdf"}, {"href": "http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s40623-018-0795-7.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s40623-018-0795-7"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Earth%2C%20Planets%20and%20Space", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1186/s40623-018-0795-7", "name": "item", "description": "10.1186/s40623-018-0795-7", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1186/s40623-018-0795-7"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-02-12T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/bg-4-891-2007", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:21:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-04-29", "description": "

Abstract. Ecosystems in dry regions are generally low in productivity and carbon (C) storage. We report, however, large increases in C sequestration following afforestation of a semi-arid shrubland with Pinus halepensis trees. Using C and nitrogen (N) inventories, based in part on site-specific allometric equations, we measured an increase in the standing ecosystem C stock from 2380 g C m\uffe2\uff88\uff922 in the shrubland to 5840 g C m\uffe2\uff88\uff922 in the forest after 35 years, with no significant change in N stocks. Carbon sequestration following afforestation was associated with increased N use efficiency as reflected by an overall increase in C/N ratio from 7.6 in the shrubland to 16.6 in the forest. The C accumulation rate in the forest was particularly high for soil organic C (SOC; increase of 1760 g C m\uffe2\uff88\uff922 or 50 g C m\uffe2\uff88\uff922 yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921), which was associated with the following factors: 1) Analysis of a small 13C signal within this pure C3 system combined with size fractionation of soil organic matter indicated a significant addition of new SOC derived from forest vegetation (68% of total forest SOC) and a considerable portion of the old original shrubland SOC (53%) still remaining in the forest. 2) A large part of both new and old SOC appeared to be protected from decomposition as about 60% of SOC under both land-use types were in mineral-associated fractions. 3) A short-term decomposition study indicated decreased decomposition of lower-quality litter and SOC in the forest, based on reduced decay rates of up to 90% for forest compared to shrubland litter. 4) Forest soil included a significant component of live and dead roots (12% of total SOC). Our results suggest a role for increased N use efficiency, enhanced SOC protection and reduced decomposition rates in the large C sequestration potential following afforestation in semi-arid regions. These results are particularly relevant in light of persistent predictions of drying trends in the Mediterranean and other regions.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "QE1-996.5", "Ecology", "[SDU.OCEAN] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean", " Atmosphere", "Geology", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "[SDU.ASTR] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]", "01 natural sciences", "[SDU.ENVI] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", " environment", "Life", "[PHYS.ASTR.CO] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO]", "13. Climate action", "QH501-531", "[SDU.STU] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "QH540-549.5"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Gr\u00fcnzweig, J. M., Gelfand, I., Fried, Y., Yakir, D.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-4-891-2007"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biogeosciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/bg-4-891-2007", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/bg-4-891-2007", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/bg-4-891-2007"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-10-24T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/gmd-14-6893-2021", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:21:23Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-11-15", "title": "DRYP 1.0: a parsimonious hydrological model of DRYland Partitioning of the water balance", "description": "

Abstract. Dryland regions are characterised by water scarcity and are facing major challenges under climate change. One difficulty is anticipating how rainfall will be partitioned into evaporative losses, groundwater, soil moisture, and runoff (the water balance) in the future, which has important implications for water resources and dryland ecosystems. However, in order to effectively estimate the water balance, hydrological models in drylands need to capture the key processes at the appropriate spatio-temporal scales. These include spatially restricted and temporally brief rainfall, high evaporation rates, transmission losses, and focused groundwater recharge. Lack of available input and evaluation data and the high computational costs of explicit representation of ephemeral surface\uffe2\uff80\uff93groundwater interactions restrict the usefulness of most hydrological models in these environments. Therefore, here we have developed a parsimonious distributed hydrological model for DRYland Partitioning (DRYP). The DRYP model incorporates the key processes of water partitioning in dryland regions with limited data requirements, and we tested it in the data-rich Walnut Gulch Experimental Watershed against measurements of streamflow, soil moisture, and evapotranspiration. Overall, DRYP showed skill in quantifying the main components of the dryland water balance including monthly observations of streamflow (Nash\uffe2\uff80\uff93Sutcliffe efficiency, NSE, \uffe2\uff88\uffbc\uffe2\uff80\uff890.7), evapotranspiration (NSE\uffe2\uff80\uff89>\uffe2\uff80\uff890.6), and soil moisture (NSE\uffe2\uff80\uff89\uffe2\uff88\uffbc\uffe2\uff80\uff890.7). The model showed that evapotranspiration consumes\uffe2\uff80\uff89>\uffe2\uff80\uff8990\uffe2\uff80\uff89% of the total precipitation input to the catchment and that\uffc2\uffa0<\uffe2\uff80\uff891\uffe2\uff80\uff89% leaves the catchment as streamflow. Greater than 90\uffe2\uff80\uff89% of the overland flow generated in the catchment is lost through ephemeral channels as transmission losses. However, only \uffe2\uff88\uffbc\uffe2\uff80\uff8935\uffe2\uff80\uff89% of the total transmission losses percolate to the groundwater aquifer as focused groundwater recharge, whereas the rest is lost to the atmosphere as riparian evapotranspiration. Overall, DRYP is a modular, versatile, and parsimonious Python-based model which can be used to anticipate and plan for climatic and anthropogenic changes to water fluxes and storage in dryland regions.

", "keywords": ["QE1-996.5", "13. Climate action", "0208 environmental biotechnology", "0207 environmental engineering", "Geology", "/dk/atira/pure/core/keywords/water_and_environmental_engineering; name=Water and Environmental Engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "/dk/atira/pure/core/keywords/water_and_environmental_engineering", "name=Water and Environmental Engineering"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/144694/4/gmd-14-6893-2021.pdf"}, {"href": "https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/14/6893/2021/gmd-14-6893-2021.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-6893-2021"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoscientific%20Model%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/gmd-14-6893-2021", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/gmd-14-6893-2021", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/gmd-14-6893-2021"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-05-31T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3389/fsoil.2023.1268037", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:20:25Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-12-18", "title": "Sustainable soil and land management: a systems-oriented overview of scientific literature", "description": "

Healthy soil is vital for our wellbeing and wealth. However, increasing demand for food and biomass may lead to unsustainable soil and land management practices that threaten soils. Other degradation processes such as soil sealing also endanger soil resources. Identifying and accessing the best available knowledge is crucial to address related sustainability issues and promote the needed transition towards sustainable soil and land management practices. Such knowledge has to cover all knowledge domains, system knowledge, target knowledge, and transformation knowledge. However, a comprehensive overview of existing research addressing societal needs related to soil is still missing, which hinders the identification of knowledge gaps. This study provides a detailed analysis of scientific literature to identify ongoing research activities and trends. A quantitative and qualitative analysis of scientific literature related to sustainable soil and land management was conducted. A systems-oriented analytical framework was used that combines soil and land related societal challenges with related knowledge domains. Our analysis revealed a significant increase in scientific publications and related interest in soil and land use-related research, above the average increase of publications within all scientific fields. Different forms of reduction and remediation of soil degradation processes (e.g. erosion, contamination) have been studied most extensively. Other topic areas like land take mitigation, soil biodiversity increase, increase of ecosystem services provision and climate change mitigation and adaption seem to be rather recent concerns, less investigated. We could highlight the importance of context-specific research, as different regions require different practices. For instance, boreal, tropical, karst and peatland regions were less studied. Furthermore, we found that diversifying soil management practices such as agroforestry or including livestock into arable systems are valuable options for increasing biomass, mitigating/adapting to climate change, and improving soil related ecosystem services. A recent trend towards the latter research topic indicates the transition from a soil conservation-oriented perspective to a soil service-oriented perspective, which may be better suited to integrate the social and economic dimensions of soil health improvement alongside the ecological dimension.

", "keywords": ["Societal challenge", "2. Zero hunger", "CorTexT", "Soil mission", "Knowledge gaps", "Engineering geology. Rock mechanics. Soil mechanics. Underground construction", "[SDV.SA.SDS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "15. Life on land", "societal challenge", "333", "6. Clean water", "Literature analysis", "knowledge gaps", "12. Responsible consumption", "Chemistry", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "TA703-712", "Stock assessment", "literature analysis", "[SDV.SA.SDS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "stock assessment", "QD1-999", "soil mission"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fsoil.2023.1268037"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Frontiers%20in%20Soil%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3389/fsoil.2023.1268037", "name": "item", "description": "10.3389/fsoil.2023.1268037", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3389/fsoil.2023.1268037"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-12-18T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3389/fsoil.2025.1549290", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:20:25Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-05-23", "title": "Mapping the conceptual and intellectual structure of soil health research (1996\u20132021): a terms co-occurrence and co-cited reference network analysis", "description": "

Soil health has emerged as a critical area of research due to its role in sustainable agriculture, environmental conservation, ecosystem services and policy frameworks like the EU Soil Strategy. Since the 1990s, research has expanded rapidly, yet unevenly, marked by fragmented thematic priorities and methodological approaches. This study employs bibliometric analyses\u2014term co-occurrence and co-cited reference networks\u2014to map the conceptual and intellectual structure of soil health research from 1996 to 2021. By analyzing 984 peer-reviewed articles, we identified three major research clusters: (1) Agricultural Research &amp; Soil Management, emphasizing agronomic practices such as fertilization and crop yield optimization; (2) Soil Health &amp; Agricultural Sustainability, focusing on carbon dynamics, conservation tillage, and policy alignment; and (3) Microbial Ecology &amp; Soil Health, highlighting soil biota, enzyme activity, and long-term biological impacts. Seminal works by Karlen et al., which established foundational frameworks linking soil quality to ecosystem services, and Mbuthia et al., demonstrating microbial resilience under conservation practices, emerged as pivotal drivers of field evolution. Emerging trends favor sustainable practices, amendments, and biological indicators. The analysis reveals critical gaps, including limited integration of pedological modeling to quantify ecosystem services and insufficient long-term studies on conservation agriculture. These findings advocate interdisciplinary collaboration among agronomists, microbiologists, policymakers, and climate scientists to align soil health metrics with global targets (e.g., SDGs, EU Soil Monitoring Law), providing a roadmap to integrate soil health into climate-smart land-use policies.

", "keywords": ["sustainable agriculture", "Chemistry", "bibliometric analysis", "soil health", "TA703-712", "Engineering geology. Rock mechanics. Soil mechanics. Underground construction", "co-cited network analysis", "soil management", "terms co-occurrence", "QD1-999"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Mohamed Houssemeddine Sellami, Mohamed Houssemeddine Sellami, Mauro Mori, Fabio Terribile,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fsoil.2025.1549290"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Frontiers%20in%20Soil%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3389/fsoil.2025.1549290", "name": "item", "description": "10.3389/fsoil.2025.1549290", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3389/fsoil.2025.1549290"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-05-23T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1371/journal.pone.0056562", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:19:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-02-20", "title": "Carbon Dioxide Flux From Rice Paddy Soils In Central China: Effects Of Intermittent Flooding And Draining Cycles", "description": "Open AccessSe realiz\u00f3 un experimento de campo para (i) examinar el patr\u00f3n de flujos de di\u00f3xido de carbono (CO(2)) del suelo diurno y estacional en los arrozales en el centro de China y (ii) evaluar el papel del agua de inundaci\u00f3n en el control de las emisiones de CO(2) del suelo y el agua de inundaci\u00f3n en el drenaje intermitente del suelo de los arrozales. Las tasas de flujo de CO(2) del suelo oscilaron entre -0.45 y 8.62 \u00b5mol.m(-2).s(-1) durante la temporada de cultivo de arroz. Los eflujos netos de CO(2) del suelo del arrozal fueron menores cuando se inund\u00f3 el arrozal que cuando se dren\u00f3. Las emisiones de CO(2) para las condiciones de drenaje mostraron una variaci\u00f3n diurna distinta con un eflujo m\u00e1ximo observado en la tarde. Cuando el arrozal se inund\u00f3, los flujos de CO(2) del suelo diurno se invirtieron con un flujo m\u00e1ximo negativo justo despu\u00e9s del mediod\u00eda. En per\u00edodos alternos de drenaje/inundaci\u00f3n, se produjo un evento repentino similar a un pulso de eflujo de CO(2) en r\u00e1pido aumento en respuesta a una nueva inundaci\u00f3n despu\u00e9s del drenaje. El an\u00e1lisis de correlaci\u00f3n mostr\u00f3 una relaci\u00f3n negativa entre el flujo de CO(2) del suelo y la temperatura en condiciones de inundaci\u00f3n, pero se encontr\u00f3 una relaci\u00f3n positiva en condiciones de drenaje. Los resultados mostraron que los ciclos de drenaje e inundaci\u00f3n juegan un papel vital en el control de las emisiones de CO(2) de los suelos de los arrozales.", "keywords": ["Carbon sequestration", "Organic chemistry", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Soil", "Agricultural soil science", "Soil water", "Psychology", "2. Zero hunger", "Global and Planetary Change", "Ecology", "Q", "R", "Temperature", "Life Sciences", "Hydrology (agriculture)", "Geology", "Carbon cycle", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "6. Clean water", "FOS: Psychology", "Chemistry", "Emissions", "Physical Sciences", "Medicine", "Seasons", "Methane", "Research Article", "China", "Science", "Soil Science", "Flooding (psychology)", "Environmental science", "Carbon Cycle", "Humans", "Biology", "Ecosystem", "Soil science", "Soil organic matter", "Oryza", "FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "Soil biodiversity", "Floods", "Agronomy", "Geotechnical engineering", "Carbon dioxide", "13. Climate action", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Global Methane Emissions and Impacts", "Environmental Science", "Flux (metallurgy)", "Psychotherapist", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Soil Carbon Dynamics and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Yi Liu, Kaiyuan Wan, Yong Tao, Zhiguo Li, Guoshi Zhang, Shuanglai Li, Fang Chen,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0056562"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PLoS%20ONE", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1371/journal.pone.0056562", "name": "item", "description": "10.1371/journal.pone.0056562", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1371/journal.pone.0056562"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-02-20T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.15454/2zqkir", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:19:21Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Science for policy 6: Urban planning: sealing the future of soil functions - datasets?", "description": "Open AccessThis dataset is part of Deliverable and 5.3 and produced by the WP4 team of the Landmark H2020 project. It contains the following shapefiles: PO6_BAU_NoZoning_50.shp PO6_BAU_NoZoning_100.shp PO6_BAU_Zoning_50.shp PO6_Sprawl_Zoning_50.shp PO6_BAU_NoZoning_50.shp PO6_Compact_Zoning_50.shp PO6_Compact_NoZoning_50.shp The metronamica Model was applied on six scenarios with combinations of business as usual, suburban sprawl or compact city development which build on the socio-economic projections and density assumptions of the ESPON-ET2050 project, and use the land use allocation parameters from the RECARE and SoilCare Integrated Assessment Models. Spatial development (zoning) was for some scenarios restricted in high productive fields. The model results give probabilities (0 \u2013 1) of urban development within the 1 km\u00b2 cells. Based on these probability percentages the different soil functions are reduced (100% of the probability and 50% of the probability) compared to the current soil functioning and, for the 50% scenarios, partly replaced by low productive grasslands as gardens and other public greenery. Z-scores are calculated from the spatial SF maps for each of the environmental zones. These environmental zones are derived from the Metzger et al. (2013). The z-scores give the signed fractional number of standard deviations by which SF means for an environmental zone are above or below the mean value and allow us indicate which areas have a higher or lower soil function performance compared to the mean value. Z-scores from the current SF maps and scenario maps were then compared to each other to calculate the change in z-scores. This change in z-scores is given in the shapefiles and describes the relative change in soil function performance. Positive values indicate an improvement in soil functioning compared to the current situation, negative values a decrease. More information regarding calculation and interpretation of both this dataset and the soil function maps used to calculate the z-scores can be found in: Vrebos D., F. Bampa, R. Creamer, A. Jones, E. Lugato, L. O\u2019Sullivan, P. Meire, R.P.O. Schulte, J. Schr\u00f6der and J. Staes (2018). Scenarios maps: visualizing optimized scenarios where supply of soil functions matches demands. LANDMARK Report 4.3. and Jones A. et al. (2019). An options document to propose future policy tools for functional soil management. LANDMARK 5.3. All available from www.landmark2020.eu.", "keywords": ["Water resources", "Food Safety", "Food Safety and Toxicology", "Nutritional Sciences", "Social Sciences", "7. Clean energy", "Pathology and Forensic Medicine", "Health and Life Sciences", "Farming Systems and Practices", "11. Sustainability", "13. Climate action", "Agriculture", " Forestry", " Horticulture", "Human Health and Pathology", "Soils and soil sciences", "Agricultural Sciences", "Life Sciences", "Hydrology and Hydrogeology", "15. Life on land", "Rural and Agricultural Sociology", "Human Nutrition and food security", "Farming Systems", "Medicine", " Health and Life Sciences", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "Soil Sciences", "Medicine", "Geosciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Vrebos, Dirk, Bampa, Francesca, Schulte, Rogier, Creamer, Rachel, Jones, Arwyn, Staes, Jan, Zwetsloot Marie, Debernardini, Mariana, O\u2019Sullivan, Lilian,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.15454/2zqkir"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.15454/2zqkir", "name": "item", "description": "10.15454/2zqkir", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.15454/2zqkir"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/essd-2020-392", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:21:21Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-02-24", "title": "The Large-eddy Observatory Voitsumra Experiment 2019 (LOVE19) with high-resolution, spatially-distributed observations of air temperature, wind speed, and wind direction from fiber-optic distributed sensing, towers, and ground-based remote sensing", "description": "

Abstract. The weak-wind stable boundary layer (wwSBL) is poorly described by theory and breaks basic assumptions necessary for observations of turbulence. Understanding the wwSBL requires distributed observations capable of separating between sub-mesoscales and turbulent scales. To this end, we present the Large eddy Observatory, Voitsumra Experiment 2019 (LOVE19) which featured 2105\uffe2\uff80\uff89m of fiber-optic distributed sensing (FODS) of air temperature and wind speed, as well as an experimental wind direction method, at scales as fine as 1\uffe2\uff80\uff89s and 0.127\uffe2\uff80\uff89m in addition to a suite of point observations of turbulence and ground-based remote sensing profiling. Additionally, flights with a fiber-optic cable attached to a tethered balloon (termed FlyFOX, Flying Fiber Optics eXperiment) provide an unprecedentedly detailed view of the boundary layer structure with a resolution of 0.254\uffe2\uff80\uff89m and 10\uffe2\uff80\uff89s between 1 and 200\uffe2\uff80\uff89m height. Two examples are provided, demonstrating the unique capabilities of the LOVE19 data for examining boundary layer processes: (1) FODS observations between 1 and 200\uffe2\uff80\uff89m height during a period of gravity waves propagating across the entire boundary layer and (2) tracking a near-surface, transient, sub-mesoscale structure that causes an intermittent burst of turbulence. All data can be accessed at Zenodo through the DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4312976 (Lapo et\uffc2\uffa0al.,\uffc2\uffa02020a).

", "keywords": ["QE1-996.5", "550", "weak wind transport", "Atmospheric turbulence", "500", "Geology", "7. Clean energy", "01 natural sciences", "Environmental sciences", "complex terrain", "morning transition", "submeso-scale motions", "13. Climate action", "GE1-350", "stable boundary layers", "fiber optic distributed sensing", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/14/885/2022/essd-14-885-2022.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2020-392"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Earth%20System%20Science%20Data", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/essd-2020-392", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/essd-2020-392", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/essd-2020-392"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-02-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.15454/iw9cwa", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:19:22Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Science for policy 5: Strategic Plans: opportunities to maximise the supply of soil functions but beware trade-offs! \u2013 datasets.", "description": "Open AccessThis dataset is part of Deliverable 4.2, 4.3 and 5.3 and was produced by the WP4 team of the Landmark H2020 project. It contains the following shapefiles: PO5_Current_SFs_PrimaryProductivity.tiff PO5_Current_SFs_ClimateRegulation.tiff PO5_Current_SFs_WaterRegulation_Drought.tiff PO5_Current_SFs_WaterRegulation_WaterLoggging.tiff PO5_Current_SFs_WaterPurification.tiff PO5_Current_SFs_NutrientCycling.tiff PO5_Current_SFs_Biodiversity.tiff PO5_Current_SFs_EnvZone.shp PO5_Current_SFs_NUTS1.shp PO5_Maximization_ClimateRegulation.shp PO5_Maximization_Drought.shp PO5_Maximization_NCycling.shp PO5_Maximization_PrimaryProductivity.shp PO5_Maximization_Waterlogging.shp PO5_Maximization_Waterpurification.shp PO5_Maximization_Waterpurification.shp The tiff-files give the spatial variation in soil function performance for 6 soil functions in in agricultural soils across the EU. The soil functions were mapped by applying a number of crop specific Bayesian networks on a combination of spatial maps which describe soil properties, climate, land use and land management on agricultural soils throughout the European Union. PO5_Current_SFs_EnvZone.shp and PO5_Current_SFs_NUTS1.shp give the z-scores for both grasslands and cropland in 12 environmental zones for the six soil functions. The z-scores give the signed fractional number of standard deviations by which SF means for an environmental zone are above or below the mean value and allow us indicate which areas have a higher or lower soil function performance compared to the mean value. These values were extracted from the tiff-files provided in this dataset. The PO5_Maximization shapefiles give an estimation of the change in soil function performance across the EU when one soil function is maximized through changes in management. This spatial variation is represented in change in z-scores compared to the current SF supply. To develop the scenario, for each of the locations, the soil function was maximized in the underlying Bayesian networks, by allowing it to change different types of management (irrigation, fertilizer, etc.) for each location taking soil, climate and crop type into account. These changes also impact the performance of the other soil functions. For each of the soil functions a separate spatial map was created. Which was then used to calculate z-scores for each of the environmental zones. Z-scores from the current SF maps and scenario maps were then compared to each other to calculate the change in z-scores. This change in z-scores is given in the shapefiles and describes the relative change in soil function performance. Positive values indicate an improvement in soil functioning compared to the current situation, negative values a decrease. More information regarding calculation and interpretation of both this dataset and the soil function maps used to calculate the z-scores can be found in: Vrebos D., J. Staes, R. Schulte, L. O\u2019Sullivan, E. Lugato, A. Jones, A. Georgoulas and P. Meire (2018). Soil function supply maps. LANDMARK Report 4.2. Vrebos D., F. Bampa, R. Creamer, A. Jones, E. Lugato, L. O\u2019Sullivan, P. Meire, R.P.O. Schulte, J. Schr\u00f6der and J. Staes (2018). Scenarios maps: visualizing optimized scenarios where supply of soil functions matches demands. LANDMARK Report 4.3. and Jones A. et al. (2019). An options document to propose future policy tools for functional soil management. LANDMARK 5.3. All available from www.landmark2020.eu.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Earth and Environmental Science", "Water resources", "Soils and soil sciences", "Ecology", "Agricultural Sciences", "Climate", "Hydrology and Hydrogeology", "15. Life on land", "Farming Systems", "Biodiversity and Ecology", "Farming Systems and Practices", "13. Climate action", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "Soil Sciences", "Agriculture", " Forestry", " Horticulture", "Geosciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Vrebos, Dirk, Bampa, Francesca, Schulte, Rogier, Creamer, Rachel, Jones, Arwyn, Staes, Jan, Zwetsloot Marie, Debernardini, Mariana, O\u2019Sullivan, Lilian,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.15454/iw9cwa"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.15454/iw9cwa", "name": "item", "description": "10.15454/iw9cwa", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.15454/iw9cwa"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1515/logos-2017-0013", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-29T16:19:17Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-09-23", "title": "Hydraulic conductivity changes in river valley sediments caused by river bank filtration \u2013 an analysis of specific well capacity", "description": "Abstract

Parameters from archive data of the Kalisz-Lis waterworks, located in the Prosna River valley south of Kalisz, have been analysed. Well barrier discharges groundwater from Quaternary sediments which is mixed with riverbank filtration water. The analysis focused on specific well capacity, a parameter that represents the technical and natural aspects of well life. To exclude any aging factor, an examination of specific well capacity acquired only in the first pumping tests of a new well was performed. The results show that wells drilled between 1961 and 2004 have similar values of specific well capacity and prove that > 40 years discharge has had little influence on hydrodynamic conditions of the aquifer, i.e., clogging has either not occurred or is of low intensity. This implies that, in the total water balance of the Kalisz- Lis well barrier, riverbank filtration water made little contribution. In comparison, a similar analysis of archive data on the Mosina-Krajkowo wells of two generations of well barriers located in the Warta flood plains was performed; this has revealed a different trend. There was a significant drop in specific well capacity from the first pumping test of substitute wells. Thus, long-term groundwater discharge in the Warta valley has had a great impact on the reduction of the hydraulic conductivity of sediments and has worsened hydrodynamic conditions due to clogging of river bed and aquifer, which implies a large contribution of riverbank filtration water in the total water well balance. For both well fields conclusions were corroborated by mathematical modeling; in Kalisz-Lis 16.2% of water comes from riverbank filtration, whereas the percentage for Mosina-Krajkowo is 78.9%.

", "keywords": ["QE1-996.5", "4. Education", "0207 environmental engineering", "hydrology", "clogging", "Geology", "02 engineering and technology", "well fields", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "water well balance", "13. Climate action", "river valleys", "poland", "Poland", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Kaczmarek, Piotr M.J.", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1515/logos-2017-0013"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geologos", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1515/logos-2017-0013", "name": "item", "description": "10.1515/logos-2017-0013", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1515/logos-2017-0013"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-06-27T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1515/logos-2017-0021", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:19:17Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-01-23", "title": "Hydrogeological investigations of river bed clogging at a river bank filtration site along the River Warta, Poland", "description": "Abstract

River bank filtration (RBF) is a system that enriches groundwater resources by induced infiltration of river water to an aquifer. Problematic during operation of RBF systems is the deterioration of infiltration effectiveness caused by river bed clogging. This situation was observed in the Krajkowo well field which supplies fresh water to the city of Pozna\uffc5\uff84 (Poland) during and after the long hydrological drought between the years 1989 and 1992. The present note discusses results of specific hydrogeological research which included drilling of a net of boreholes to a depth of 10 m below river bottom (for sediment sampling as well as for hydrogeological measurements), analyses of grain size distribution and relative density studies. The results obtained have allowed the recognition of the origin of the clogging processes, as well as the documentation of the clogged parts of the river bottom designated for unclogging activities.

", "keywords": ["QE1-996.5", "cone of depression", "0208 environmental biotechnology", "dynamic water level changes", "0207 environmental engineering", "Geology", "groundwater resources", "02 engineering and technology", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1515/logos-2017-0021"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geologos", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1515/logos-2017-0021", "name": "item", "description": "10.1515/logos-2017-0021", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1515/logos-2017-0021"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-12-20T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/essd-16-3601-2024", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:21:21Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-08-13", "title": "State of Wildfires 2023\u20132024", "description": "

Abstract. Climate\u00a0change contributes to the increased frequency and intensity of wildfires globally, with significant impacts on society and the environment. However, our understanding of the global distribution of extreme fires remains skewed, primarily influenced by media coverage and regionalised research efforts. This inaugural State of Wildfires report systematically analyses fire activity worldwide, identifying extreme events from the March 2023\u2013February 2024 fire season. We assess the causes, predictability, and attribution of these events to climate change and land use and forecast future risks under different climate scenarios. During the 2023\u20132024 fire season, 3.9\u00d7106\u2009km2 burned globally, slightly below the average of previous seasons, but fire carbon (C) emissions were 16\u2009% above average, totalling 2.4\u2009Pg\u2009C. Global fire C emissions were increased by record emissions in Canadian boreal forests (over 9 times the average) and reduced by low emissions from African savannahs. Notable events included record-breaking fire extent and emissions in Canada, the largest recorded wildfire in the European Union (Greece), drought-driven fires in western Amazonia and northern parts of South America, and deadly fires in Hawaii (100 deaths) and Chile (131 deaths). Over 232\u2009000 people were evacuated in Canada alone, highlighting the severity of human impact. Our analyses revealed that multiple drivers were needed to cause areas of extreme fire activity. In Canada and Greece, a combination of high fire weather and an abundance of dry fuels increased the probability of fires, whereas burned area anomalies were weaker in regions with lower fuel loads and higher direct suppression, particularly in Canada. Fire weather prediction in Canada showed a mild anomalous signal 1 to 2 months in advance, whereas events in Greece and Amazonia had shorter predictability horizons. Attribution analyses indicated that modelled anomalies in burned area were up to 40\u2009%, 18\u2009%, and 50\u2009% higher due to climate change in Canada, Greece, and western Amazonia during the 2023\u20132024 fire season, respectively. Meanwhile, the probability of extreme fire seasons of these magnitudes has increased significantly due to anthropogenic climate change, with a 2.9\u20133.6-fold increase in likelihood of high fire weather in Canada and a 20.0\u201328.5-fold increase in Amazonia. By the end of the century, events of similar magnitude to 2023 in Canada are projected to occur 6.3\u201310.8 times more frequently under a medium\u2013high emission scenario (SSP370). This report represents our first annual effort to catalogue extreme wildfire events, explain their occurrence, and predict future risks. By consolidating state-of-the-art wildfire science and delivering key insights relevant to policymakers, disaster management services, firefighting agencies, and land managers, we aim to enhance society's resilience to wildfires and promote advances in preparedness, mitigation, and adaptation. New datasets presented in this work are available from https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11400539 (Jones et al., 2024) and https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11420742 (Kelley et al., 2024a).

", "keywords": ["QE1-996.5", "info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/550", "550", "Geology", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy", "wildfire", "[SDU] Sciences of the Universe [physics]", "Environmental sciences", "climate change", "[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "Life Science", "GE1-350"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/96389/1/essd_16_3601_2024.pdf"}, {"href": "https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/16/3601/2024/essd-16-3601-2024.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-3601-2024"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Earth%20System%20Science%20Data", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/essd-16-3601-2024", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/essd-16-3601-2024", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/essd-16-3601-2024"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-08-14T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/bg-15-6941-2018", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:21:13Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-11-21", "title": "Evaluation of simulated ozone effects in forest ecosystems against biomass damage estimates from fumigation experiments", "description": "

Abstract. Regional estimates of the effects of ozone pollution on forest growth depend on the availability of reliable injury functions that estimate a representative ecosystem response to ozone exposure. A number of such injury functions for forest tree species and forest functional types have recently been published and subsequently applied in terrestrial biosphere models to estimate regional or global effects of ozone on forest tree productivity and carbon storage in the living plant biomass. The resulting impacts estimated by these biosphere models show large uncertainty in the magnitude of ozone effects predicted. To understand the role that these injury functions play in determining the variability in estimated ozone impacts, we use the O-CN biosphere model to provide a standardised modelling framework. We test four published injury functions describing the leaf-level, photosynthetic response to ozone exposure (targeting the maximum carboxylation capacity of Rubisco (Vcmax) or net photosynthesis) in terms of their simulated whole-tree biomass responses against data from 23 ozone filtration/fumigation experiments conducted with young trees from European tree species at sites across Europe with a range of climatic conditions. Our results show that none of these previously published injury functions lead to simulated whole-tree biomass reductions in agreement with the observed dose\uffe2\uff80\uff93response relationships derived from these field experiments and instead lead to significant over- or underestimations of the ozone effect. By re-parameterising these photosynthetically based injury functions, we develop linear, plant-functional-type-specific dose\uffe2\uff80\uff93response relationships, which provide accurate simulations of the observed whole-tree biomass response across these 23 experiments.

", "keywords": ["arbre forestier", "plante enti\u00e8re", "550", "croissance v\u00e9g\u00e9tale", "[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]", "fumigation", "pollution atmosph\u00e9rique", "mod\u00e8le de simulation", "01 natural sciences", "333", "ozone effects", "Life", "QH501-531", "m\u00e9thode d'estimation", "QH540-549.5", "\u00e9cosyst\u00e8me forestier", "biomasse v\u00e9g\u00e9tale", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "QE1-996.5", "info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/550", "biomass", "Ecology", "ddc:550", "Geology", "15. Life on land", "fumigation experiments", "[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]", "Earth sciences", "ozone", "13. Climate action", "forest plants"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://bg.copernicus.org/articles/15/6941/2018/bg-15-6941-2018.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6941-2018"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biogeosciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/bg-15-6941-2018", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/bg-15-6941-2018", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/bg-15-6941-2018"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-11-21T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/bg-17-3903-2020", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:21:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-07-31", "title": "Leaf-scale quantification of the effect of photosynthetic gas exchange on \u0394<sup>17</sup>O of atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub>", "description": "

Abstract. Understanding the processes that affect the triple oxygen isotope composition of atmospheric CO2 during gas exchange can help constrain the interaction and fluxes between the atmosphere and the biosphere. We conducted leaf cuvette experiments under controlled conditions using three plant species. The experiments were conducted at two different light intensities and using CO2 with different \uffce\uff9417O. We directly quantify the effect of photosynthesis on \uffce\uff9417O of atmospheric CO2 for the first time. Our results demonstrate the established theory for \uffce\uffb418O is applicable to \uffce\uff9417O(CO2) at leaf level, and we confirm that the following two key factors determine the effect of photosynthetic gas exchange on the \uffce\uff9417O of atmospheric CO2. The relative difference between \uffce\uff9417O of the CO2 entering the leaf and the CO2 in equilibrium with leaf water and the back-diffusion flux of CO2 from the leaf to the atmosphere, which can be quantified by the cm\uffe2\uff88\uff95ca ratio, where ca is the CO2 mole fraction in the surrounding air and cm is the one at the site of oxygen isotope exchange between CO2 and H2O. At low cm\uffe2\uff88\uff95ca ratios the discrimination is governed mainly by diffusion into the leaf, and at high cm\uffe2\uff88\uff95ca ratios it is governed by back-diffusion of CO2 that has equilibrated with the leaf water. Plants with a higher cm\uffe2\uff88\uff95ca ratio modify the \uffce\uff9417O of atmospheric CO2 more strongly than plants with a lower cm\uffe2\uff88\uff95ca ratio. Based on the leaf cuvette experiments, the global value for discrimination against \uffce\uff9417O of atmospheric CO2 during photosynthetic gas exchange is estimated to be -0.57\uffc2\uffb10.14\uffe2\uff80\uff89\uffe2\uff80\uffb0 using cm\uffe2\uff88\uff95ca values of 0.3 and 0.7 for C4 and C3 plants, respectively. The main uncertainties in this global estimate arise from variation in cm\uffe2\uff88\uff95ca ratios among plants and growth conditions.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "0301 basic medicine", "QE1-996.5", "CARBONIC-ANHYDRASE ACTIVITY", "Ecology", "OXYGEN-ISOTOPE FRACTIONATION", "MESOPHYLL CONDUCTANCE", "Geology", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "O-18/O-16 RATIOS", "MASS-INDEPENDENT FRACTIONATION", "03 medical and health sciences", "HIGH-PRECISION MEASUREMENTS", "Life", "13. Climate action", "3-DIMENSIONAL SYNTHESIS", "QH501-531", "STABLE-ISOTOPES", "Life Science", "14. Life underwater", "TRIPLE OXYGEN", "DIOXIDE", "QH540-549.5", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3903-2020"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biogeosciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/bg-17-3903-2020", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/bg-17-3903-2020", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/bg-17-3903-2020"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-03-27T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/bg-17-4961-2020", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:21:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-10-17", "title": "Protists and collembolans alter microbial community composition, C\u00a0dynamics and soil aggregation in simplified consumer\u2013prey systems", "description": "

Abstract. Microbes play an essential role in soil functioning including biogeochemical cycling and soil aggregate formation. Yet, a major challenge is to link microbes to higher trophic levels and assess consequences for soil functioning. Here, we aimed to assess how microbial consumers modify microbial community composition (PLFA markers), as well as C dynamics (microbial\u00a0C use, SOC concentration and CO2 emission) and soil aggregation. We rebuilt two simplified soil consumer\u2013prey systems: a bacterial-based system comprising amoebae (Acanthamoeba castellanii) feeding on a microbial community dominated by the free-living bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens and a fungal-based system comprising collembolans (Heteromurus nitidus) grazing on a microbial community dominated by the saprotrophic fungus Chaetomium globosum. The amoeba A. castellanii did not affect microbial biomass and composition, but it enhanced the formation of soil aggregates and tended to reduce their stability. Presumably, the dominance of P. fluorescens, able to produce antibiotic toxins in response to the attack by A. castellanii, was the main cause of the unchanged microbial community composition, and the release of bacterial extracellular compounds, such as long-chained polymeric substances or proteases, in reaction to predation was responsible for the changes in soil aggregation as a side effect. In the fungal system, collembolans significantly modified microbial community composition via consumptive and non-consumptive effects including the transport of microbes on the body surface. As expected, fungal biomass promoted soil aggregation and was reduced in the presence of H. nitidus. Remarkably, we also found an unexpected contribution of changes in bacterial community composition to soil aggregation. In both the bacterial and fungal systems, bacterial and fungal communities mainly consumed C from soil organic matter (rather than the litter added). Increased fungal biomass was associated with an increased capture of C from added litter, and the presence of collembolans levelled off this effect. Neither amoebae nor collembolans altered SOC concentrations and CO2 production. Overall, the results demonstrated that trophic interactions are important for achieving a mechanistic understanding of biological contributions to soil aggregation and may occur without major changes in C dynamics and with or without changes in the composition of the microbial community.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "570", "QE1-996.5", "Acanthamoeba castellanii", "life", "agroecosystems", "Ecology", "fatty-acid analysis", "Geology", "500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "stability", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "bacterial community", "diversity", "stabilization", "Life", "13. Climate action", "QH501-531", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "QH540-549.5", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4961-2020"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biogeosciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/bg-17-4961-2020", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/bg-17-4961-2020", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/bg-17-4961-2020"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-10-17T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/rs12244018", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:20:40Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-12-08", "title": "Linkages between Rainfed Cereal Production and Agricultural Drought through Remote Sensing Indices and a Land Data Assimilation System: A Case Study in Morocco", "description": "

In Morocco, cereal production shows high interannual variability due to uncertain rainfall and recurrent drought periods. Considering the socioeconomic importance of cereal for the country, there is a serious need to characterize the impact of drought on cereal yields. In this study, drought is assessed through (1) indices derived from remote sensing data (the vegetation condition index (VCI), temperature condition index (TCI), vegetation health ind ex (VHI), soil moisture condition index (SMCI) and soil water index for different soil layers (SWI)) and (2) key land surface variables (Land Area Index (LAI), soil moisture (SM) at different depths, soil evaporation and plant transpiration) from a Land Data Assimilation System (LDAS) over 2000\u20132017. A lagged correlation analysis was conducted to assess the relationships between the drought indices and cereal yield at monthly time scales. The VCI and LAI around the heading stage (March-April) are highly linked to yield for all provinces (R = 0.94 for the Khemisset province), while a high link for TCI occurs during the development stage in January-February (R = 0.83 for the Beni Mellal province). Interestingly, indices related to soil moisture in the superficial soil layer are correlated with yield earlier in the season around the emergence stage (December). The results demonstrate the clear added value of using an LDAS compared with using a remote sensing product alone, particularly concerning the soil moisture in the root-zone, considered a key variable for yield production, that is not directly observable from space. The time scale of integration is also discussed. By integrating the indices on the main phenological stages of wheat using a dynamic threshold approach instead of the monthly time scale, the correlation between indices and yield increased by up to 14%. In addition, the contributions of VCI and TCI to VHI were optimized by using yield anomalies as proxies for drought. This study opens perspectives for the development of drought early warning systems in Morocco and over North Africa, as well as for seasonal crop yield forecasting.

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