{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.5281/zenodo.14000512", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:23:36Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "EJPSOIL_SERENA: Impacts of Climate Change Scenarios on Net Ecosystem Productivity in Peipsi\u00e4\u00e4re Municipality, Estonia", "description": "The internal EJP SOIL project SERENA contributed to the evaluation of soil multifunctionality aiming at providing assessment tools for land planning and soil policies at different scales. By co-working with relevant stakeholders, the project provided co-developed indicators and associated cookbooks to assess and map them, to report both on soil degradation, soil-based ecosystem services and their bundles, under actual conditions and for climate and land-use changes, at the regional, national, and European scales. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 The study evaluated Net Ecosystem Productivity (NEP), a key indicator of carbon dynamics and ecosystem health that captures the balance between gross primary productivity and total ecosystem respiration under the RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 climate change scenarios. The scenarios incorporate NEP calculations from the SERENA project\u2019s GHG Cookbook, which integrates MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) terrestrial primary productivity data with spatially explicit climate variables, such as average temperatures (derived from minimum and maximum daily temperatures) and soil volumetric moisture content. The baseline NEP layer for this analysis was derived from the GHG Cookbook\u2019s 8-day NEP calculation for April 24 to May 1, 2014. This study specifically mapped NEP values in wheat fields within Peipsi\u00e4\u00e4re municipality, Estonia, under the RCP4.5 scenario for the future periods 2041\u20132070 and 2071\u20132100. The findings provide initial insights into NEP scenario modeling related to climate change, indicating that more advanced analyses would be advantageous for refining the methodology. Furthermore, incorporating Estonia\u2019s specific pedoclimatic conditions and considering the dynamics of terrestrial primary productivity within the datasets would greatly improve the accuracy of projections. This dataset includes an 8-day NEP layer for wheat fields in Peipsi\u00e4\u00e4re municipality, Estonia, under the RCP4.5 climate pathway for the periods 2041\u20132070 and 2071\u20132100. The files, named SERENA_EJPSOIL_EE_CC_scenario_NEP_RCP4.5_2041-2070.gpkg and SERENA_EJPSOIL_EE_CC_scenario_NEP_RCP4.5_2071-2100.gpkg, are formatted as GeoPackages (GPKG).", "keywords": ["SERENA EJPSOIL; D3.4; WP3; Task 3.3; Estonia; Net Ecosystem Productivity; NEP; GHG; Scenarios; RCP"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Kukk, Liia, Astover, Alar,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14000512"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.14000512", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.14000512", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.14000512"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-10-28T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.05.017", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:15:48Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-07-03", "title": "Energy And Climate Benefits Of Bioelectricity From Low-Input Short Rotation Woody Crops On Agricultural Land Over A Two-Year Rotation", "description": "AbstractShort-rotation woody crops (SRWCs) are a promising means to enhance the EU renewable energy sources while mitigating greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, there are concerns that the GHG mitigation potential of bioelectricity may be nullified due to GHG emissions from direct land use changes (dLUCs). In order to evaluate quantitatively the GHG mitigation potential of bioelectricity from SRWC we managed an operational SRWC plantation (18.4ha) for bioelectricity production on a former agricultural land without supplemental irrigation or fertilization. We traced back to the primary energy level all farm labor, materials, and fossil fuel inputs to the bioelectricity production. We also sampled soil carbon and monitored fluxes of GHGs between the SRWC plantation and the atmosphere. We found that bioelectricity from SRWCs was energy efficient and yielded 200\u2013227% more energy than required to produce it over a two-year rotation. The associated land requirement was 0.9m2kWhe-1 for the gasification and 1.1m2kWhe-1 for the combustion technology. Converting agricultural land into the SRWC plantation released 2.8 \u00b1 0.2tCO2eha\u22121, which represented \u223c89% of the total GHG emissions (256\u2013272gCO2ekWhe-1) of bioelectricity production. Despite its high share of the total GHG emissions, dLUC did not negate the GHG benefits of bioelectricity. Indeed, the GHG savings of bioelectricity relative to the EU non-renewable grid mix power ranged between 52% and 54%. SRWC on agricultural lands with low soil organic carbon stocks are encouraging prospects for sustainable production of renewable energy with significant climate benefits.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Physics", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Eddy fluxes", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy", "12. Responsible consumption", "GHG emissions", "Life cycle assessment", "Energy(all)", "13. Climate action", "Direct land use change", "11. Sustainability", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "Energy ratio", "Biology", "Engineering sciences. Technology", "Civil and Structural Engineering"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.05.017"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Energy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.05.017", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.05.017", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.05.017"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.rser.2011.07.118", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:17:02Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-09-23", "title": "Biofuel Economics In A Setting Of Multiple Objectives And Unintended Consequences", "description": "This paper examines biofuels from an economic perspective and evaluates the merits of promoting biofuel production in the context of the policies\u2019 multiple objectives, life-cycle implications, pecuniary externalities, and other unintended consequences. The policy goals most often cited are to reduce fossil fuel use and to lower greenhouse gas emissions. But the presence of multiple objectives and various indirect effects complicates normative evaluation. To address some of these complicating factors, we look at several combinations of policy alternatives that achieve the same set of incremental gains along the two primary targeted policy dimensions, making it possible to compare the costs and cost-effectiveness of each combination of policies. For example, when this approach is applied to U.S.-produced biofuels, they are found to be 14 to 31 times as costly as alternatives like raising the gas tax or promoting energy efficiency improvements. The analysis also finds the scale of the potential contributions of biofuels to be extremely small in both the U.S. and EU. Mandated U.S. corn ethanol production for 2025 reduces U.S. petroleum input use by 1.75%, and would have negligible net effects on CO2 emissions; and although EU imports of Brazilian ethanol may look better given the high costs of other alternatives, this option is equivalent, at most, to a 1.20% reduction in EU gasoline consumption.", "keywords": ["Q42", "Q54", "Ethanol", "ddc:330", "Q48", "Indirect Land Use Change Effects", "02 engineering and technology", "7. Clean energy", "Biofuel", " Biodiesel", " Cost-Effectiveness", " Indirect Land Use Change Effects", " Net Energy", " Multiple Objectives", " Ethanol", " Ghg", "12. Responsible consumption", "Biofuel", "Net Energy", "13. Climate action", "jel:Q54", "jel:Q42", "11. Sustainability", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "jel:Q48", "Ghg", "Biodiesel", "Cost-Effectiveness", "Multiple Objectives"], "contacts": [{"organization": "William K. Jaeger, Thorsten M. Egelkraut, Thorsten M. Egelkraut,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.feem.it/userfiles/attach/201151994124NDL2011-037.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2011.07.118"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Renewable%20and%20Sustainable%20Energy%20Reviews", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.rser.2011.07.118", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.rser.2011.07.118", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.rser.2011.07.118"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.fcr.2017.01.009", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:16:25Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-01-21", "title": "Effect Of Inhibitors And Fertigation Strategies On Ghg Emissions, No Fluxes And Yield In Irrigated Maize", "description": "Abating large losses of nitrogen (N) oxides while maintaining or enhancing crop yield is a major goal in irrigated maize (Zea mays L) cropping areas. During two consecutive campaigns, the new nitrification inhibitor 2-(3,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl) succinic acid isomeric mixture (DMPSA) applied with calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN) and the same fertilizer applied by drip-fertigation without the inhibitor, were evaluated and compared with CAN broadcast to the surface and irrigated with sprinklers. Concurrently, urea-based treatments such as urea-fertigation and the broadcast application of urea combined with sprinkler irrigation, with or without the urease inhibitor N-butyl thiophosphorictriamide (NBPT), were also assessed. Nitrous oxide (N2O) and nitric oxide (NO) fluxes, grain and biomass yield and yieldscaled N2O emissions ofthe differenttreatments were compared.Additionally, methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes were measured. On average, fertigation treatments led to a mitigation of N2O emissions with respect to sprinkler irrigation by 80% and 78% for CAN and urea, respectively. With regards to inhibitor-based strategies, the use of DMPSA and NBPT reduced N2O losses by 58% and 51%, respectively, considering the average of both maize cropping seasons. Since no differences in grain yield were observed between fertilized treatments, DMPSA and fertigation treatments gave the lowest values of yield-scaled N2O emissions, leading to reductions of 63%, 71% and 78% for CAN with DMPSA, urea-fertigation and CAN-fertigation, respectively, with respect to conventional management strategies (surface broadcast application and sprinkler irrigation). Low NO emissions during the first campaign masked differences between treatments, whereas during the second season, NO losses significantly decreased in the following order: conventional treatments > inhibitors > fertigation. Comparing conventional management practices, CAN significantly decreased emissions of N oxides compared with urea, but this effect was only observed in the second maize cropping season. The moisture distribution pattern in drip plots (dry and wet areas) caused a reduction of CH4 sink (only in one of the two seasons) and respiration fluxes, in comparison to sprinkler. This study shows that the use of the new nitrification inhibitor DMPSA and drip-fertigation should be promoted in irrigated maize agro-ecosystems, in order to mitigate emissions of N oxides without penalizing grain yield and leading to similar or enhanced biomass production.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "GHG emission", "571", "Agricultura", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "Nitrification inhibitor DMPSA", "6. Clean water", "Fertigation", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Nitric oxide emission", "Urease inhibitor NBPT", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2017.01.009"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Field%20Crops%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.fcr.2017.01.009", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.fcr.2017.01.009", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.fcr.2017.01.009"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-023-05991-y", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:15:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-05-10", "title": "Tree stem and soil methane and nitrous oxide fluxes, but not carbon dioxide fluxes, switch sign along a topographic gradient in a tropical forest", "description": "Purpose
Tropical forests exchange large amounts of greenhouse gases (GHGs: carbon dioxide, CO2; methane, CH4; and nitrous oxide, N2O) with the atmosphere. Forest soils and stems can be either sources or sinks for CH4 and N2O, but little is known about what determines the sign and magnitude of these fluxes. Here, we aimed to study how stem and soil GHG fluxes vary along a topographic gradient in a tropical forest.

Methods
Fluxes of GHG from 56 individual tree stems and adjacent soils were measured with manual static chambers. The topographic gradient was characterized by a soil moisture gradient, with one end in a wetland area (\u201cseasonally flooded\u201d; SF), the other end in an upland area (\u201cterra firme\u201d; TF) and in between a transitional area on the slope (SL).

Results
Tree stems and soils were always sources of CO2 with higher fluxes in SF compared to TF and SL. Fluxes of CH4 and N2O were more variable, even within one habitat. Results showed that, in TF, soils acted as sinks for N2O whereas, in SF and SL, they acted as sources. In contrast, tree stems which were predominantly sources of N2O in SF and TF, were sinks in SL. In the soil, N2O fluxes were significantly influenced by both temperature and soil water content, whereas CH4 fluxes were only significantly correlated with soil water content.

Conclusion
SF areas were major sources of the three gases, whereas SL and TF soils and tree stems acted as either sources or sinks for CH4 and N2O. Our results indicate that tree stems represent overlooked sources of CH4 and N2O in tropical forests that need to be further studied to refine GHG budgets.", "keywords": ["[SDV.SA.AGRO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomy", "106022 Mikrobiologie", "550", "source", "Spatial variation", "Sink", "[SDV.SA.AGRO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomy", "spatial variation", "Source", "15. Life on land", "Stem", "630", "soil", "[SDV.GEN.GPL]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Plants genetics", "Soil", "Greenhouse gas (GHG) exchange", "13. Climate action", "106026 \u00d6kosystemforschung", "[SDV.GEN.GPL] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Plants genetics", "106022 Microbiology", "stem", "sink", "106026 Ecosystem research", "Biology", "greenhouse gas (GHG) exchange"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-023-05991-y"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-023-05991-y", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-023-05991-y", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-023-05991-y"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-05-09T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agsy.2023.103671", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:15:45Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-05-04", "title": "Soil organic carbon sequestration potential for croplands in Finland over 2021\u20132040 under the interactive impacts of climate change and agricultural management", "description": "CONTEXT: Cropland soil organic carbon (SOC) stock can be increased by agricultural management, but is subject to various factors. The extent and rates of SOC sequestration potential, as well as the controlling factors, under different climate and management practices across a region or country are important for policy-makers and land managers, however have been rarely known. OBJECTIVE: We aim to investigate the extent and rates of SOC sequestration potential over 2021-2040 under different scenarios of climate change and Sustainable Soil Management (SSM) practices, and quantify the impacts of climate change and SSM practices on the SOC sequestration potential, for croplands across Finland at a spatial resolution of 1 km. METHODS: RothC model is run iteratively to equilibrium to calculate the size of the SOC pools and the annual plant carbon inputs. Then, it is applied to investigate the SOC sequestration potential over 2021-2040 under different scenarios of climate change and SSM practices. Finally, facorial simulation experiments are conducted to quantify the impacts of climate change and SSM practices, alone and in combination, on SOC sequestration potential. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Under the combined impacts of climate change and SSM practices, the SOC sequestration potential during 2021-2040 relative to 2020 will be on average -0.03, 0.007, 0.05, and 0.13 t C ha-1 yr-1, respectively, with carbon input being business as usual, 5%, 10%, and 20% increase. This is equivalent to an annual change rate of -0.04%, 0.009%, 0.07%, and 0.17%, respectively. Therefore, a 20% increase in C input to soil will not be enough to obtain a 4\u2030 increase per year over the 20-year period in Finland. Carbon input will promote SOC sequestration potential; however, climate change will reduce it on average by 0.28 t C ha-1yr-1. Across the cropland in Finland, on average, the relative contributions of C input, temperature, and precipitation to SOC sequestration potential in 2021-2040 will be 56%, 24%, and 20%, respectively, however there is a spatially explicit pattern. The SOC sequestration potential will be relatively high and dominated by C input in west and southwest Finland. By contrast, it will be relatively low and dominated by climate in north and east Finland, and the central part of southern Finland. SIGNIFICANCE: Our findings provide the information as to where, how much, and which SSM practices could be applied for enhancing SOC sequestration at a high spatial resolution, which is essential for stakeholders to increase cropland SOC sequestration efficiently.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "330", "550", "15. Life on land", "ta4111", "7. Clean energy", "Climate-smart agriculture", "GHG emissions", "Climate change mitigation", "13. Climate action", "agricultural production", "Climate change", "Carbon stock", "soil carbon", "soil modelling", "Agricultural carbon management"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2023.103671"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agricultural%20Systems", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agsy.2023.103671", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agsy.2023.103671", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agsy.2023.103671"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.08.045", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:15:56Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-09-04", "title": "Effects Of Elevated Temperature And Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Concentration On The Emissions Of Methane And Nitrous Oxide From Portuguese Flooded Rice Fields", "description": "Abstract Methane (CH 4 ) and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions from flooded rice fields have been rarely measured in Europe. A field study was carried out in an intermittent flooded rice field at central Portugal to investigate if global warming under Mediterranean conditions, elevated soil temperature (+2\u00a0\u00b0C) and atmospheric [CO 2 ] (550\u00a0ppm), could lead to significant effects in CH 4 and N 2 O emissions. The experimental design consisted of three treatments arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. To assess the effects of ambient temperature and actual atmospheric [CO 2 ] (375\u00a0ppm), plots were laid under open-field rice conditions. Using open-top chambers, two other treatments were established: one to assess the effect of elevated temperature and actual atmospheric [CO 2 ] and a third treatment to evaluate the combined effect of elevated temperature and atmospheric [CO 2 ]. Measurements of CH 4 and N 2 O fluxes were made throughout two consecutive growing seasons in the field using the closed chamber technique. Elevation of temperature with or without elevated atmospheric [CO 2 ] increased CH 4 emissions by 50%, but this increase was not significant compared to the open-field condition. As for N 2 O, elevated temperature alone or combined with elevated atmospheric [CO 2 ] had no significant effect on emissions relative to the open-field treatment. The estimated seasonal CH 4 EF for the Portuguese flooded rice fields was 10.0\u00a0g\u00a0CH 4 \u00a0m \u22122 , while the EF for N 2 O emissions was 1.4% of N input. These results suggested that default seasonal CH 4 and N 2 O EFs currently used by the Portuguese inventory were not appropriated.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "CO2 enrichment", "Intermittent \ufb02ooded rice", "Open-\ufb01eld", "13. Climate action", "Emission factors", "Temperature", "15. Life on land", "GHGs emissions", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.08.045"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Atmospheric%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.08.045", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.08.045", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.08.045"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.catena.2016.12.013", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:16:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-12-29", "title": "Manure Fertilization Increases Soil Respiration And Creates A Negative Carbon Budget In A Mediterranean Maize (Zea Mays L.)-Based Cropping System", "description": "Abstract Agronomic research is important to identify suitable options for improving soil carbon (C) sequestration and reducing soil CO2 emissions. Therefore, the objectives of this study were i) to analyse the on-farm effects of different nitrogen fertilization sources on soil respiration, ii) to explore the effect of fertilization on soil respiration sensitivity to soil temperature (T) and iii) to assess the effect of the different fertilization regimes on the soil C balance. We hypothesized that i) the soil CO2 emission dynamics in Mediterranean irrigated cropping systems were mainly affected by fertilization management and T and ii) fertilization affected the soil C budget via different C inputs and CO2 efflux. Four fertilization systems (farmyard manure, cattle slurry, cattle slurry\u00a0+\u00a0mineral, and mineral) were compared in a double-crop rotation based on silage maize (Zea mays L.) and a mixture of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) and oats (Avena sativa L.). The research was performed in the dairy district of Arborea, in the coastal zone of Sardinia (Italy), from May 2011 to May 2012. The soil was a Psammentic Palexeralfs with a sandy texture (940\u00a0g\u00a0sand\u00a0kg\u2212\u00a01). The soil total respiration (SR), heterotrophic respiration (Rh), T and soil water content (SWC) were simultaneously measured in situ. The soil C balance was computed considering the Rh C losses and the soil C inputs from fertilizer and crop residues. The results showed that the maximum soil CO2 emission rates soon after the application of organic fertilizer reached values up to 12\u00a0\u03bcmol\u00a0m\u2212\u00a02\u00a0s\u2212\u00a01. On average, the manure fertilizer showed significantly higher CO2 emissions, which resulted in a negative annual C balance (\u2212\u00a02.9\u00a0t\u00a0ha\u2212\u00a01). T also affected the soil respiration temporal dynamics during the summer, consistently with results obtained in other temperate climatic regions that are characterized by wet summers and contrary to results from rainfed Mediterranean systems where the summer SR and Rh are constrained by the low SWC. The sensitivity of soil respiration to temperature significantly increased with C input from fertilizer. In conclusion, this research supported the hypotheses tested. Furthermore, the results indicated that i) soil CO2 efflux was significantly affected by fertilization management and T, and ii) fertilization with manure increased the soil respiration and resulted in a significantly negative soil C budget. This latter finding could be primarily explained by a reduction in productivity and, consequently, in crop residue with organic fertilization alone as compared to mineral, by the favourable SWC and T for mineralization, and by the sandy soil texture, which hindered the formation of macroaggregates and hence soil C stabilization, making fertilizer organic inputs highly susceptible to mineralization.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "Biomass C turnover GHG emission Microbial activity Soil moisture", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2016.12.013"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/CATENA", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.catena.2016.12.013", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.catena.2016.12.013", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.catena.2016.12.013"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2016.08.022", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:16:42Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-09-15", "title": "Early Drainage Mitigates Methane And Nitrous Oxide Emissions From Organically Amended Paddy Soils", "description": "Abstract Elevated greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, particularly of methane (CH4) from flooded rice production systems contribute to global warming. Different crop management strategies, such as drainage of paddy soils and climate-smart residue management, are essential in order to mitigate GHG emissions from flooded rice systems, but they often conflict with practical management preferences. The aim of this study was to assess the potential of early-season drainage for mitigating CH4 and N2O emissions from soils with and without added organic amendments in relation to native soil organic carbon (SOC). Rice plants were grown in pots under controlled conditions in a growth chamber with different treatments in a 2\u00a0\u00d7\u00a02\u00a0\u00d7\u00a03 factorial design. The treatments included an arable soil with two different carbon levels: 1.4% (low carbon, [L]) and 2.2% (high carbon [H]); two water regimes: midseason drainage (M) and early plus midseason drainage (EM); and three nutrient treatments: one inorganic control (nitrogen fertiliser only [N]), and two organic: maize straw\u00a0+\u00a0N fertiliser (S) and maize compost\u00a0+\u00a0N fertiliser (C). An equal amount of mineral N fertiliser was applied in all treatments. Straw and compost were applied to the soils on the basis of an equivalent amount of C added in each organic treatment. The results revealed rapid mineralization of organic C in the double-drained system, resulting in lower total CH4 emissions in treatments under early plus midseason drainage compared to those under midseason drainage only. Total CH4 emissions were reduced by 89% and 92% in the S\u00a0+\u00a0EM treatments in low C soils and high C soils respectively, as compared to S\u00a0+\u00a0M. The drainage effects on CH4 emissions from compost amendments were only significant in the low C soil, with a 61% reduction in EM compared to M drainage. N2O emissions from non-organic treatments in EM were 87% higher than in M under low C soils. The concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) were higher in organic treatments and decreased by the end of growth period. This experiment demonstrated an interaction between water and straw management to achieve both sustainable soil quality and low-emission rice production.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "550", "Soil organic carbon", "[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]", "GHG mitigation", "Nutrient management", "food security", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "630", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "soil organic carbon", "[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]", "climate change", "ghg mitigation", "nutrient management", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Early drainage", "early drainage", "agriculture"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2016.08.022"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2016.08.022", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2016.08.022", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2016.08.022"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.06.040", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:17:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-06-24", "title": "Effect Of Fertilising With Pig Slurry And Chicken Manure On Ghg Emissions From Mediterranean Paddies", "description": "Soil fertilisation affects greenhouse gas emissions. The objective of this study was to compare the effect of different fertilisation strategies on N2O, CH4 emissions and on ecosystem respiration (CO2 emissions), during different periods of rice cultivation (rice crop, postharvest period, and seedling) under Mediterranean climate. Emissions were quantified weekly by the photoacoustic technique at two sites. At Site 1 (2011 and 2012), background treatments were 2 doses of chicken manure (CM): 90 and 170kgNH4(+)-Nha(-1) (CM-90, CM-170), urea (U, 150kgNha(-1)) and no-N (control). Fifty kilogram N ha(-1) ammonium sulphate (AS) were topdress applied to all of them. At Site 2 (2012), background treatments were 2 doses of pig slurry (PS): 91 and 152kgNH4(+)-Nha(-1) (PS-91, PS-152) and ammonium sulphate (AS) at 120kgNH4(+)-Nha(-1) and no-N (control). Sixty kilogram NH4(+)-Nha(-1) as AS were topdress applied to AS and PS-91. During seedling, global warming potential (GWP) was ~3.5-17% of that of the whole rice crop for the CM treatments. The postharvest period was a net sink for CH4, and CO2 emissions only increased for the CM-170 treatment (up to 2MgCO2ha(-1)). The GWP of the entire rice crop reached 17Mg CO2-eqha(-1) for U, and was 14 for CM-170, and 37 for CM-90. The application of PS at agronomic doses (~170kgNha(-1)) allowed high yields (~7.4Mgha(-1)), the control of GWP (~6.5MgCO2-eqha(-1)), and a 13% reduction in greenhouse gas intensity (GHGI) to 0.89kgCO2-eqkg(-1) when compared to AS (1.02kgCO2-eqkg(-1)).", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "GHG", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Organic fertiliser", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.06.040"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.06.040", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.06.040", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.06.040"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.03.013", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:17:20Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-03-29", "title": "Chars Produced By Slow Pyrolysis And Hydrothermal Carbonization Vary In Carbon Sequestration Potential And Greenhouse Gases Emissions", "description": "Bio-char, biomass that has been deliberately charred to slow its rate of decomposition, has been proposed as an amendment with the potential to sequester carbon and improve certain soil properties. Slow pyrolysis (temperature \u2264500\u00b0C) and hydrothermal carbonization (low temperature, high pressure) are two efficient methods to produce bio-char with high yield and are applicable to a broad range of feedstocks. Chars made using slow pyrolysis (PC) and hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of the same feedstock material (corn, C4) differed in physical appearance, chemical properties and decomposition behavior. We added these HTC and PC chars as amendments to three soils with C3-derived organic matter that differed in clay content, pH, and land use (managed spruce forest, unmanaged deciduous forest and agriculture), and compared their impacts on carbon sequestration and net greenhouse gas (CO2, 13CO2, N2O and CH4) emissions. HTC addition (1% w/w) significantly increased CO2 emissions in all three soils (p<0.001), with much of the extra C derived from HTC decomposition. In contrast, PC addition (1% w/w) had almost no impact on deciduous forest soil and actually decreased CO2 emission from the agricultural soil. HTC treatment resulted in increased CH4 emission from all soils but reduced N2O fluxes in the agricultural and spruce forest soils. PC amendment had no significant effect on CH4 emission, and resulted in intermediate levels of N2O emission (between control and HTC treatments). Although both HTC and PC chars were produced from the same feedstock, PC had markedly higher potential for carbon sequestration than HTC. \u00a9 2013 Elsevier Ltd.", "keywords": ["Carbon sequestration", "2. Zero hunger", "Soil organic matter", "Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences", "Life on Land", "GHGs", "Agronomy & Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Biological Sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "12. Responsible consumption", "Climate Action", "Laboratory incubation", "Dry and wet pyrolysis", "13. Climate action", "delta C-13", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Bio-char", "Environmental Sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt85k758t2/qt85k758t2.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.03.013"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.03.013", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.03.013", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.03.013"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2016.09.014", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:17:39Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-10-06", "title": "Mitigation Impact Of Minimum Tillage On Co2 And N2o Emissions From A Mediterranean Maize Cropped Soil Under Low-Water Input Management", "description": "Abstract Reduced tillage might reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from cropped soils. However the topic is somehow still controversial, since lower CO2 emissions achieved through reduced soil mineralization might be offset by higher N2O losses from less disturbed soil, because of higher water filled pore space. This work aimed to clarify the potential GHG mitigation benefits of minimum tillage (MT), as opposed to mouldboard ploughing (CT), for Mediterranean maize cultivations under low water input management. To this end, soil CO2 and N2O fluxes were monitored at high time resolution by means of a newly developed automated system of closed static chambers coupled to a field gas photoacoustic detector. Relative to CT, cumulated CO2 emissions appeared significantly reduced in MT over three months after the autumn ploughing (by about 30%) and along the spring-summer cultivation (by about 28%), for similar maize yields. N2O emissions from MT showed restrained averaged values relative to CT (by 40% and 18% for fallow and maize periods, respectively); however differences might not be significant. For both treatments, N2O emission factors were lower than the 1% IPCC default value (0.40 and 0.28 for CT and MT, respectively), following the restrained irrigation water input along the drought period. Results indicate that MT reduced GHG emissions both (i) in the short-term, likely due to the increased decomposition of soil organic matter in the ploughed soil (CT), mainly concentrated within the first week after deep tillage; (ii) in the longer-term, likely through its capacity to constrain the daily soil temperature fluctuations in the drought periods along the spring-summer maize cultivation. At this stage, the low-water input management might have played a key role in mediating the response of N2O emissions to MT treatment. These findings suggest that minimum tillage could entail consistent GHG benefits under the drip irrigation management in Mediterranean croplands.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions Conservation tillage C-friendly strategies", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2016.09.014"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2016.09.014", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2016.09.014", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2016.09.014"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.watres.2025.123242", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:17:43Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-02-03", "title": "How do varying nitrogen fertilization rates affect crop yields and riverine N2O emissions? A hybrid modeling study", "description": "Headwater streams in agricultural areas constitute significant sources of nitrous oxide (N2O) due to nutrient enrichment; however, their emissions are often overlooked in current environmental impact assessments. This scarcity highlights the importance of developing advanced decision tools to evaluate these contributions and create effective mitigation strategies. Our study establishes the first integrated modeling framework that combines a process-based model SWAT+ with a linear mixed model (LMM) to predict N2O emissions from a headwater agricultural river system in Belgium under diverse climate change and fertilization scenarios. In particular, the calibrated and validated SWAT+ model was used to simulate streamflow, nutrient transport, and crop yields under these scenarios, from which, together with biochemical data collected from sampling campaigns, riverine N2O emissions were predicted via LMM. Our results revealed hydrologically driven patterns in riverine N2O emissions, with peak emissions in winter and spring, driven by precipitations enhancing shallow subsurface flows, carrying leached nutrients from fields to the river, and fueling N2O emissions. These phenomena were intensified under climate change scenarios, especially during combined wetter and hotter winters and springs, which elevated headwater N2O emissions by 40 %. Moreover, when coupling these conditions with a 20 % increase in fertilizer rates, riverine N2O emissions would be boosted by 83 %. These findings underscore the importance of integrating land-surface and river processes, to effectively quantify the feedback loop between river nutrient enrichment and climate change under the influence of agricultural practices, and to support comprehensive mitigation strategies under the warming climate.", "keywords": ["Agriculture and Food Sciences", "Hybrid modeling", "Riverine nitrous oxide dynamics", "PROTOCOL", "CLIMATE-CHANGE", "IMPACT", "Agricultural GHG impact", "Climate change", "STREAMS", "PERFORMANCE", "Headwater streams", "OXIDE EMISSIONS"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2025.123242"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Water%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.watres.2025.123242", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.watres.2025.123242", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.watres.2025.123242"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/app12010341", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:21:50Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-12-31", "title": "Replacing Mineral Fertilisers for Bio-Based Fertilisers in Potato Growing on Sandy Soil: A Case Study", "description": "

The refinement level of bio-based fertilisers (BBFs) can influence environmental and agronomic performance. This study analyses the environmental and agronomic effect of different BBFs on potato growing in sandy soil. A less refined product (liquid fraction of digestate (LFD)), two refined products (ammonium sulphate (AS) and potassium concentrate (KC)), and mineral fertilizer (MF) are compared by conducting: (i) a nitrogen (N) incubation experiment where the N release rate of the BBFs is determined, (ii) a greenhouse gas emission experiment where N2O, CO2, and CH4 emissions after BBF application are measured, (iii) a pot experiment where the nutrient fertiliser replacement value (NFRV) of the BBF is calculated, and (iv) a full-scale field trial where the potato quality and quantity and the remaining N residues in the soil after harvest are assessed. The N release rate and the NFRV of AS (142 \uffc2\uffb1 19% and 1.13, respectively) was higher compared with the LFD (113 \uffc2\uffb1 24% and 1.04) and MF (105 \uffc2\uffb1 16% and 1.00). Lowest N2O emissions were observed after the application of the less refined product (0.02 \uffc2\uffb1 0.01 per 100 g N applied) and highest for MF urea (0.11 \uffc2\uffb1 0.02 per 100 g N applied). In the full-scale field trial, no significant difference in potato yield was observed in the plots that received manure in combination with BBF or MF. This study showed that all three BBFs can safely be used in potato growing on sandy soils. However, the adoption of BBFs can be stimulated by (i) solving the practical issues that occurred during the application of LFD, (ii) making sure BBFs are on the list of RENURE materials so they can legally replace mineral fertiliser, and (iii) reducing the surplus of slurry manure to stimulate the use and fair pricing of BBF products.

", "keywords": ["Agriculture and Food Sciences", "Technology", "QH301-705.5", "QC1-999", "NITROUS-OXIDE EMISSIONS", "environmental impact", "Environmental impact", "agricultural circularity", "Biology (General)", "agricultural circularity; sustainable agriculture; environmental impact; manure processing; GHG emissions; fertiliser replacement value", "QD1-999", "manure processing", "fertiliser replacement value", "2. Zero hunger", "Fertiliser replacement value", "MANURE", "Agricultural circularity", "T", "Physics", "Sustainable agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)", "6. Clean water", "sustainable agriculture", "GHG emissions", "Chemistry", "13. Climate action", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "RESIDUES", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "TA1-2040", "Manure processing", "NITRATE"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/1/341/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/1/341/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/app12010341"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Sciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/app12010341", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/app12010341", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/app12010341"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-12-30T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1071/sr08151", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:18:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-05-09", "title": "Nitrous Oxide And Methane Emissions From Soil Are Reduced Following Afforestation Of Pasture Lands In Three Contrasting Climatic Zones", "description": "

Land use change from agriculture to forestry offers potential opportunities for carbon (C) sequestration and thus partial mitigation of increasing levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere. The effects of land use change of grazed pastures on in situ fluxes of nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) from soil were examined across 3 forest types in Australian temperate, Mediterranean, and subtropical regions, using a network of paired pasture\uffe2\uff88\uff92forest sites, representing 3 key stages of forest stand development: establishment, canopy-closure, and mid to late rotation. During the 12-month study, soil temperature ranged from \uffe2\uff80\uff936\uffc2\uffb0 to 40\uffc2\uffb0C and total rainfall from 487 to 676\uffe2\uff80\uff89mm. Rates of N2O flux ranged between 1 and 100\uffe2\uff80\uff89\uffce\uffbcg/m2.h in pasture soils and from \uffe2\uff80\uff935 to 50\uffe2\uff80\uff89\uffce\uffbcg/m2.h in forest soils; magnitudes were generally similar across the 3 climate zones. Rates of CH4 flux varied from \uffe2\uff80\uff931 to \uffe2\uff80\uff9350\uffe2\uff80\uff89\uffce\uffbcg/m2.h in forest soil and from +10 to \uffe2\uff80\uff9330\uffe2\uff80\uff89\uffce\uffbcg/m2.h in pasture soils; CH4 flux was highest at the subtropics sites and lowest at the Mediterranean sites. In general, N2O emissions were lower, and CH4 consumption was higher, under forest than pasture soils, suggesting that land use change from pasture to forest can have a positive effect on mitigation of non-CO2 greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from soil as stands become established. The information derived from this study can be used to improve the capacity of models for GHG accounting (e.g. FullCAM, which underpins Australia\uffe2\uff80\uff99s National Carbon Accounting System) to estimate N2O and CH4 fluxes resulting from land use change from pasture to forest in Australia. There is still, however, a need to test model outputs against continuous N2O and CH4 measurements over extended periods of time and across a range of sites with similar land use, to increase confidence in spatial and temporal estimates at regional levels.

", "keywords": ["Temperate", "Tropics", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Mediterranean", "15. Life on land", "GHG balance", "Grassland", "Paired sites", "Afforestation", "13. Climate action", "2304 Environmental Chemistry", "Pasture", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Forest", "1111 Soil Science", "Plantation"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1071/sr08151"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1071/sr08151", "name": "item", "description": "10.1071/sr08151", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1071/sr08151"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1088/1748-9326/8/1/015029", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:18:54Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-03-07", "title": "Selection Of Appropriate Calculators For Landscape-Scale Greenhouse Gas Assessment For Agriculture And Forestry", "description": "This letter is intended to help potential users select the most appropriate calculator for a landscape-scale greenhouse gas (GHG) assessment of activities for agriculture and forestry. Eighteen calculators were assessed. These calculators were designed for different aims and to be used in different geographical areas and they use slightly different accounting methodologies. The classification proposed is based on the main aim of the assessment: raising awareness, reporting, project evaluation or product assessment. When the aims have been clearly formulated, the most suitable calculator can be selected from the comparison tables, taking account of the geographical area and the scope of the calculation as well as the time and skills required for the calculation. The main issues for interpreting GHG assessments are discussed, highlighting the difficulty of comparing the results obtained from different calculators, mainly owing to differences in scope, calculation methods and reporting units. A major problem is the poor accounting for land use change; the calculators are usually able to account satisfactorily for other emission sources. One of the main challenges at landscape-scale level is to produce a realistic assessment of the various production systems as the uncertainty levels are very high. The results should always give some indication of the link between GHG emissions and the productivity of the area, although no single indicator is able to encompass all the services produced by agriculture and forestry (e.g. food, goods, landscape value and revenue).", "keywords": ["550", "[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]", "Science", "QC1-999", "indicateur environnemental", "calculators", "710", "AFOLU", "Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering", "01 natural sciences", "630", "12. Responsible consumption", "mitigation", "greenhouse gases", "11. Sustainability", "gaz \u00e0 effet de serre", "GE1-350", "paysage", "climate", "TD1-1066", "agriculture", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "changement climatique", "Physics", "Q", "landscape;carbon calculators;greenhouse gases;GHG emissions;AFOLU;mitigation", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "landscape", "15. Life on land", "carbon calculators", "[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]", "GHG emissions", "Environmental sciences", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://hal.science/hal-01190664/file/Colomb-EnvResLett-2013_%7B85094A8F-159E-4C0A-9FB9-2DA75BDB27B8%7D.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/8/1/015029"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Research%20Letters", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1088/1748-9326/8/1/015029", "name": "item", "description": "10.1088/1748-9326/8/1/015029", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1088/1748-9326/8/1/015029"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1088/1748-9326/8/1/014014", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:18:54Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-01-31", "title": "Energy Prices Will Play An Important Role In Determining Global Land Use In The Twenty First Century", "description": "Global land use research to date has focused on quantifying uncertainty effects of three major drivers affecting competition for land: the uncertainty in energy and climate policies affecting competition between food and biofuels, the uncertainty of climate impacts on agriculture and forestry, and the uncertainty in the underlying technological progress driving efficiency of food, bioenergy and timber production. The market uncertainty in fossil fuel prices has received relatively less attention in the global land use literature. Petroleum and natural gas prices affect both the competitiveness of biofuels and the cost of nitrogen fertilizers. High prices put significant pressure on global land supply and greenhouse gas emissions from terrestrial systems, while low prices can moderate demands for cropland. The goal of this letter is to assess and compare the effects of these core uncertainties on the optimal profile for global land use and land-based GHG emissions over the coming century. The model that we develop integrates distinct strands of agronomic, biophysical and economic literature into a single, intertemporally consistent, analytical framework, at global scale. Our analysis accounts for the value of land-based services in the production of food, first- and second-generation biofuels, timber, forest carbon and biodiversity. We find that long-term uncertainty in energy prices dominates the climate impacts and climate policy uncertainties emphasized in prior research on global land use.", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "92.70.St", "Science", "Physics", "QC1-999", "Q", "climate impacts on agriculture and forestry", "15. Life on land", "Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "biofuels", "GHG emissions", "Environmental sciences", "03 medical and health sciences", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "GE1-350", "TD1-1066", "agriculture", "energy", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Jevgenijs Steinbuks, Jevgenijs Steinbuks, Thomas W. Hertel, Thomas W. Hertel,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/8/1/014014"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Research%20Letters", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1088/1748-9326/8/1/014014", "name": "item", "description": "10.1088/1748-9326/8/1/014014", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1088/1748-9326/8/1/014014"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-01-31T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/gcb.12160", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:19:20Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-02-06", "title": "How Much Land-Based Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Can Be Achieved Without Compromising Food Security And Environmental Goals?", "description": "Abstract

Feeding 9\uffe2\uff80\uff9310\uffc2\uffa0billion people by 2050 and preventing dangerous climate change are two of the greatest challenges facing humanity. Both challenges must be met while reducing the impact of land management on ecosystem services that deliver vital goods and services, and support human health and well\uffe2\uff80\uff90being. Few studies to date have considered the interactions between these challenges. In this study we briefly outline the challenges, review the supply\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and demand\uffe2\uff80\uff90side climate mitigation potential available in the Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use AFOLU sector and options for delivering food security. We briefly outline some of the synergies and trade\uffe2\uff80\uff90offs afforded by mitigation practices, before presenting an assessment of the mitigation potential possible in theAFOLUsector under possible future scenarios in which demand\uffe2\uff80\uff90side measures codeliver to aid food security. We conclude that while supply\uffe2\uff80\uff90side mitigation measures, such as changes in land management, might either enhance or negatively impact food security, demand\uffe2\uff80\uff90side mitigation measures, such as reduced waste or demand for livestock products, should benefit both food security and greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation. Demand\uffe2\uff80\uff90side measures offer a greater potential (1.5\uffe2\uff80\uff9315.6\uffc2\uffa0GtCO2\uffe2\uff80\uff90eq. yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921) in meeting both challenges than do supply\uffe2\uff80\uff90side measures (1.5\uffe2\uff80\uff934.3\uffc2\uffa0GtCO2\uffe2\uff80\uff90eq. yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921at carbon prices between 20 and 100\uffc2\uffa0US$ tCO2\uffe2\uff80\uff90eq. yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921), but given the enormity of challenges, all options need to be considered. Supply\uffe2\uff80\uff90side measures should be implemented immediately, focussing on those that allow the production of more agricultural product per unit of input. For demand\uffe2\uff80\uff90side measures, given the difficulties in their implementation and lag in their effectiveness, policy should be introduced quickly, and should aim to codeliver to other policy agenda, such as improving environmental quality or improving dietary health. These problems facing humanity in the 21st Century are extremely challenging, and policy that addresses multiple objectives is required now more than ever.

", "keywords": ["Greenhouse Effect", "Conservation of Natural Resources", "Mitigation", "330", "Climate", "Climate Change", "AFOLU", "710", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "630", "Food Supply", "12. Responsible consumption", "11. Sustainability", "Ecosystem services", "Humans", "Ecosystem", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Agriculture", "Forestry", "food security", "Food security", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "004", "13. Climate action", "GHG", "Gases", "environment"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12160"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/gcb.12160", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/gcb.12160", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/gcb.12160"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-05-29T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1186/s40538-025-00729-7", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-13T16:20:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-01-17", "title": "The global energy challenge: second-generation feedstocks on marginal lands for a sustainable biofuel production", "description": "Abstract As the global population continues to grow, so does the demand for energy resources. As a consequence, using renewable energy sources as an alternative to fossil fuels has become mandatory to reduce the environmental footprint of the energy sector. Biofuels represent a renewable source of energy, but their production has raised concerns regarding their possible impacts on food security. Indeed, the current biofuel production primarily relies on food crops and arable lands. That is in conflict with the need to produce more food for an increasing world population. To overcome this incongruence, it is proposed to cultivate second-generation biofuel crops on marginal lands, since this option could bring benefits in terms of food security and sustainability. Based on the scientific literature, we addressed the following critical points: (i) whether marginal land worldwide can be considered a reasonable alternative to arable lands for biofuel production; (ii) evaluate the sustainability of biofuel production with respect to unintended negative consequences of crop cultivation such as indirect land use change, social insecurity and loss of biodiversity. It was concluded that the amount of land for growing plants can possibly sustain both food and biofuel production if marginal land are included. In this context, it becomes a priority to select biofuel crops with high productivity on marginal lands and pronounced resilience and adaptability traits. Underutilized crops such as Carthamus tinctorius, Ricinus communis, Brassica carinata, Camelina sativa etc. may fit the purpose and may represent a valuable alternative to first-generation feedstock because they require minimal agronomical input. Using underutilized crops on marginal lands can also provide important ecological services, including improving soil fertility and water regulation, increasing biodiversity and reducing soil erosion. To fully exploit this option, it will be critical to calibrate plant growth models to estimate the potential biofuel production on marginal land from second-generation feedstock and to create tools for a more rational management of this land. Graphical abstract", "keywords": ["Life cycle assessment", "Food-fuel debate", "S", "Carthamus tinctorius", "GHG", "Agriculture", "Ricinus communis"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.iris.unina.it/bitstream/11588/1000224/1/s40538-025-00729-7.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s40538-025-00729-7"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Chemical%20and%20Biological%20Technologies%20in%20Agriculture", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1186/s40538-025-00729-7", "name": "item", "description": "10.1186/s40538-025-00729-7", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1186/s40538-025-00729-7"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-01-17T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1146/annurev-resource-110811-114523", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:20:01Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-06-16", "title": "Measuring Indirect Land Use Change With Biofuels: Implications For Policy", "description": "

The indirect land use change (ILUC) effect of biofuels has called into question the greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation benefit of biofuels compared with that of fossil fuels. This article reviews the various economic modeling approaches being used to assess the ILUC effect and discusses the key factors that influence estimates of its magnitude. We find that there is considerable variability in the magnitude of ILUC associated with a biofuel pathway across studies and within a study, depending on underlying model parameters. These estimates are sensitive to the scale of biofuel production, the mix of policies and biofuels considered, variations in the parametric assumptions that govern price transmission through international trade, and the ease of changes in land use at the intensive and extensive margins. We discuss the challenges in implementing policies to address ILUC.

", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "economic models", " GHG emissions", " general equilibrium models", " partial equilibrium models", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Madhu Khanna, Christine L. Crago,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-resource-110811-114523"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Annual%20Review%20of%20Resource%20Economics", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1146/annurev-resource-110811-114523", "name": "item", "description": "10.1146/annurev-resource-110811-114523", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1146/annurev-resource-110811-114523"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3389/fenvs.2019.00180", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:21:39Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-11-13", "title": "Disentangling Drought and Nutrient Effects on Soil Carbon Dioxide and Methane Fluxes in a Tropical Forest", "description": "Tropical soils are a major contributor to the balance of greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes in the atmosphere. Models of tropical GHG fluxes predict that both the frequency of drought events and changes in atmospheric deposition of nitrogen (N) will significantly affect dynamics of soil carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) production and consumption. In this study, we examined the combined effect of a reduction in precipitation and an increase in nutrient availability on soil CO2 and CH4 fluxes in a primary French Guiana tropical forest. Drought conditions were simulated by intercepting precipitation falling through the forest canopy with tarpaulin roofs. Nutrient availability was manipulated through application of granular N and / or phosphorus (P) fertilizer to the soil. Soil water content (SWC) below the roofs decreased rapidly and stayed at continuously low values until roof removal, which as a consequence roughly doubled the duration of the dry season. After roof removal, SWC slowly increased but remained lower than in the control soils even after 2.5 months of wet-season precipitation. We showed that drought-imposed reduction in SWC decreased the CO2 emissions (i.e CO2 efflux), but strongly increased the CH4 emissions. N, P and N \u00d7 P (i.e. NP) additions all significantly increased CO2 emission but had no effect on CH4 fluxes. In treatments where both fertilization and drought were applied, the positive effect of N, P and NP fertilization on CO2 efflux was reduced. After roof removal, soil CO2 efflux was more resilient in the control plots than in the fertilized plots while there was only a modest effect of roof removal on soil CH4 fluxes. Our results suggest that a combined increase in drought and nutrient availability in soil can locally increase the emissions of both CO2 and CH4 from tropical soils, for a long term.", "keywords": ["tropical forest", "[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "550", "Nitrogen", "soil GHG fluxes", "drought", "01 natural sciences", "nitrogen", "Tropical forest", "GE1-350", "phosphorus", "Biology", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Drought", "methane", "carbon dioxide", "Phosphorus", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "Environmental sciences", "Chemistry", "Carbon dioxide", "fertilization", "13. Climate action", "Fertilization", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Soil GHG fluxes", "Methane"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2019.00180"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Frontiers%20in%20Environmental%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3389/fenvs.2019.00180", "name": "item", "description": "10.3389/fenvs.2019.00180", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3389/fenvs.2019.00180"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-11-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3389/fenvs.2022.834371", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:21:40Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-03-07", "title": "Back to the Future: Restoring Northern Drained Forested Peatlands for Climate Change Mitigation", "description": "

Draining peatlands for forestry in the northern hemisphere turns their soils from carbon sinks to substantial sources of greenhouse gases (GHGs). To reverse this trend, rewetting has been proposed as a climate change mitigation strategy. We performed a literature review to assess the empirical evidence supporting the hypothesis that rewetting drained forested peatlands can turn them back into carbon sinks. We also used causal loop diagrams (CLDs) to synthesize the current knowledge of how water table management affects GHG emissions in organic soils. We found an increasing number of studies from the last decade comparing GHG emissions from rewetted, previously forested peatlands, with forested or pristine peatlands. However, comparative field studies usually report relatively short time series following rewetting experiments (e.g., 3\uffc2\uffa0years of measurements and around 10\uffc2\uffa0years after rewetting). Empirical evidence shows that rewetting leads to lower GHG emissions from soils. However, reports of carbon sinks in rewetted systems are scarce in the reviewed literature. Moreover, CH4 emissions in rewetted peatlands are commonly reported to be higher than in pristine peatlands. Long-term water table changes associated with rewetting lead to a cascade of effects in different processes regulating GHG emissions. The water table level affects litterfall quantity and quality by altering the plant community; it also affects organic matter breakdown rates, carbon and nitrogen mineralization pathways and rates, as well as gas transport mechanisms. Finally, we conceptualized three phases of restoration following the rewetting of previously drained and forested peatlands, we described the time dependent responses of soil, vegetation and GHG emissions to rewetting, concluding that while short-term gains in the GHG balance can be minimal, the long-term potential of restoring drained peatlands through rewetting remains promising.

", "keywords": ["restoration", "rewetting", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "GHG balance", "01 natural sciences", "Environmental sciences", "forest", "Geovetenskap och relaterad milj\u00f6vetenskap", "land-use", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "peatland", "GE1-350", "Earth and Related Environmental Sciences", "management", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Daniel Escobar, Daniel Escobar, Salim Belyazid, Stefano Manzoni, Stefano Manzoni,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2022.834371"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Frontiers%20in%20Environmental%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3389/fenvs.2022.834371", "name": "item", "description": "10.3389/fenvs.2022.834371", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3389/fenvs.2022.834371"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-03-07T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.10014451", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:23:01Z", "type": "Software", "title": "Dataset of agronomic case-scenarios and workflow to compute the \u03a3ommit index", "description": "Open AccessThis workflow is related to the paper titled 'A harmonized\u00a0dataset that relates alternative farmer management practices to crop yield, soil organic carbon stock, nitrous oxide emissions, and nitrate leaching is built from official IPCC methodologies and meta-analyses' which is currently under consideration in the journal Data in Brief. The repository is composed by the following files:\u00a0 sommit_df.RDS - \u00a0dataset of 1.8 M agronomic case-scenarios (see the paper for further information); fuzzy_logic_sommit.R - R script to read the sommit_df.RDS dataset and compute the \u03a3ommit index;", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "GHG emissions", "pedo-climatic conditions", "13. Climate action", "N-NO3 leaching", "fuzzy-logic", "farmer management", "15. Life on land", "trade-off analysis", "crop yield", "12. Responsible consumption"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Calone, Roberta, Fiore, Angela, Pellis, Guido, Mongiano, Gabriele, Bregaglio, Simone,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10014451"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.10014451", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.10014451", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.10014451"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-10-17T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.13945384", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:23:33Z", "type": "Report", "title": "Evaluation of soil threats and ecosystem service evolution under climate, land use or management changes.", "description": "The internal EJP SOIL project SERENA contributed to the evaluation of soil multifunctionality aiming at providing assessment tools for land planning and soil policies at different scales. By co-working with relevant stakeholders, the project provided co-developed indicators and associated cookbooks to assess and map them, to report both on soil degradation, soil-based ecosystem services and their bundles, under actual conditions and for climate and land-use changes, at the regional, national, and European scales. Based on an intensive literature review and results from previous experiences in member states a scenario framework was developed (climate, land use, and management changes) and common methodologies (statistical methods, simple and/or more sophisticated models) were identified, used or validated to forecast how selected soil ecosystem services (SES) and soil threats (ST) will change according to climate, land-use and management changes. In contrast to WP5 we focus in WP3/Task 3 on forecasts of changes of various soil indicators on site, regional or national scale, and could rely on soil maps with high resolution that are maintained by several member states. Three countries out of 6 were able to give predictions for changes on the SES \u201cGHG and climate regulation\u201d. Two countries were working on the SES \u201cPrimary biomass production\u201d and could predict changes in \u201cErosion control\u201d on a national scale. \u201cHydrological control\u201d and \u201cEnvironmental pollution control\u201d was predicted in one country in 2 regions. Changes in climate, land management or land use change and their effects on ST could be predicted less often. Three countries could predict the effects ofchanges on \u201cSoil organic carbon loss\u201d and on \u201cSoil compaction\u201d, two countries estimated the loss ofsoil via erosion. Only one country each could predict effects of changes on \u201cSoil nutrient imbalance\u201dand \u201cSoil acidification\u201d and \u201cSoil sealing\u201d. Either no appropriate model or no experience was availablefor the SES \u201cHabitat for biodiversity\u201d and \u201cPest and disease control\u201d and for the ST\u2019s \u201cWaterlogging\u201d,\u201cSoil contamination\u201d, \u201cLoss of diversity\u201d and \u201cSalinization\u201d.", "keywords": ["Estonia", "land use change", "Task 3.3", "soil nutrient imbalance", "salinization", "management change", "D3.4", "soil", "Environmental pollution control", "loss of diversity", "soil compaction", "soil sealing", "Erosion control", "Soil threats", "habitat for biodiversity", "loss of soil", "Primary biomass production", "Czech Republic", "agriculture", "GHG and climate regulation", "Hydrological control", "scenario analysis", "Grant n. 862695", "Soil ecosystem services", "waterlogging", "soil organic carbon loss", "climate change", "SERENA EJPSOIL", "WP3", "Austria", "pest and disease control", "France", "Poland", "soil acidification", "Ireland", "soil contamination"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Kitzler, Barbara", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13945384"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.13945384", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.13945384", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.13945384"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-10-17T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.13945383", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:23:33Z", "type": "Report", "created": "2024-10-22", "title": "Evaluation of soil threats and ecosystem service evolution under climate, land use or management changes.", "description": "The internal EJP SOIL project SERENA contributed to the evaluation of soil multifunctionality aiming at providing assessment tools for land planning and soil policies at different scales. By co-working with relevant stakeholders, the project provided co-developed indicators and associated cookbooks to assess and map them, to report both on soil degradation, soil-based ecosystem services and their bundles, under actual conditions and for climate and land-use changes, at the regional, national, and European scales. Based on an intensive literature review and results from previous experiences in member states a scenario framework was developed (climate, land use, and management changes) and common methodologies (statistical methods, simple and/or more sophisticated models) were identified, used or validated to forecast how selected soil ecosystem services (SES) and soil threats (ST) will change according to climate, land-use and management changes. In contrast to WP5 we focus in WP3/Task 3 on forecasts of changes of various soil indicators on site, regional or national scale, and could rely on soil maps with high resolution that are maintained by several member states. Three countries out of 6 were able to give predictions for changes on the SES \u201cGHG and climate regulation\u201d. Two countries were working on the SES \u201cPrimary biomass production\u201d and could predict changes in \u201cErosion control\u201d on a national scale. \u201cHydrological control\u201d and \u201cEnvironmental pollution control\u201d was predicted in one country in 2 regions. Changes in climate, land management or land use change and their effects on ST could be predicted less often. Three countries could predict the effects ofchanges on \u201cSoil organic carbon loss\u201d and on \u201cSoil compaction\u201d, two countries estimated the loss ofsoil via erosion. Only one country each could predict effects of changes on \u201cSoil nutrient imbalance\u201dand \u201cSoil acidification\u201d and \u201cSoil sealing\u201d. Either no appropriate model or no experience was availablefor the SES \u201cHabitat for biodiversity\u201d and \u201cPest and disease control\u201d and for the ST\u2019s \u201cWaterlogging\u201d,\u201cSoil contamination\u201d, \u201cLoss of diversity\u201d and \u201cSalinization\u201d.", "keywords": ["Estonia", "land use change", "Task 3.3", "soil nutrient imbalance", "salinization", "management change", "D3.4", "soil", "Environmental pollution control", "loss of diversity", "soil compaction", "soil sealing", "Erosion control", "Soil threats", "habitat for biodiversity", "loss of soil", "Primary biomass production", "Czech Republic", "agriculture", "GHG and climate regulation", "Hydrological control", "scenario analysis", "Grant n. 862695", "Soil ecosystem services", "waterlogging", "soil organic carbon loss", "climate change", "SERENA EJPSOIL", "WP3", "Austria", "pest and disease control", "France", "Poland", "soil acidification", "Ireland", "soil contamination"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Kitzler, Barbara", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13945383"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.13945383", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.13945383", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.13945383"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-10-17T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.13959777", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:23:33Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "EJPSOIL_SERENA: Net Ecosystem Productivity of Peipsi\u00e4\u00e4re municipality, Estonia", "description": "Open AccessThe data are derived from the calculation of indicators based on a standard methodology established as part of the EJP Soil SERENA programme. Please keep in mind that:It is the result of a modelling exercise and does not necessarily reflect reality.Despite the efforts made to provide reliable data, the results may contain inconsistencies, depending in particular on the raw data available and level of accuracy of the techniques chosen and their prior knowledge. It is necessary to consider how the results have been obtained in order to decide on their relevance in relation to the intended purpose of reuse.These results are interesting from a scientific point of view, but their use for environmental management and policy issues should be done keeping the previous aspects in mind and complementing when necessary the provided results with the best available data. Finally, it is the responsibility of the users of this information to decide whether it is appropriate to use these data and whether the data meet their needs. The authors of this resource can in no way be held responsible for the results obtained from the use of this data.", "keywords": ["Estonia", "SERENA EJP SOIL", "NEP", "WP3", "Task 3.2", "Cookbook", "Net Ecosystem Productivity", "GHG", "Green House Gaz", "D3.3"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Astover, Alar, Kukk, Liia,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13959777"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.13959777", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.13959777", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.13959777"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-10-21T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.13960817", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:23:34Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "SERENA EJPSOIL NL GHG NEP", "description": "Open AccessThe data are derived from the calculation of indicators based on a standard methodology established as part of the EJP Soil SERENA programme. Please keep in mind that: \u2022It is the result of a modelling exercise and does not necessarily reflect reality. \u2022Despite the efforts made to provide reliable data, the results may contain inconsistencies, depending in particular on the raw data available and level of accuracy of the techniques chosen and their prior knowledge . \u2022It is necessary to consider how the results have been obtained in order to decide on their relevance\u00a0in relation to the intended\u00a0purpose\u00a0of reuse. \u2022These results are interesting from a scientific point of view, but their use\u00a0for environmental management and policy issues should be done keeping the previous aspects in mind and complementing when necessary the provided results with the best available data. ==> Finally, it is the responsibility of the users of this information to decide whether it is appropriate to use these data and whether the data meet their needs. The authors of this resource can in no way be held responsible for the\u00a0results obtained from the use of this data.", "keywords": ["Soil sciences", "NEP", "GHG", "Modis"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Hessel, Rudi, Trip, Martine,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13960817"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.13960817", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.13960817", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.13960817"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.13959778", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:23:34Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "EJPSOIL_SERENA: Net Ecosystem Productivity of Peipsi\u00e4\u00e4re municipality, Estonia", "description": "Open AccessThe data are derived from the calculation of indicators based on a standard methodology established as part of the EJP Soil SERENA programme. Please keep in mind that:It is the result of a modelling exercise and does not necessarily reflect reality.Despite the efforts made to provide reliable data, the results may contain inconsistencies, depending in particular on the raw data available and level of accuracy of the techniques chosen and their prior knowledge. It is necessary to consider how the results have been obtained in order to decide on their relevance in relation to the intended purpose of reuse.These results are interesting from a scientific point of view, but their use for environmental management and policy issues should be done keeping the previous aspects in mind and complementing when necessary the provided results with the best available data. Finally, it is the responsibility of the users of this information to decide whether it is appropriate to use these data and whether the data meet their needs. The authors of this resource can in no way be held responsible for the results obtained from the use of this data.", "keywords": ["Estonia", "SERENA EJP SOIL", "NEP", "WP3", "Task 3.2", "Cookbook", "Net Ecosystem Productivity", "GHG", "Green House Gaz", "D3.3"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Astover, Alar, Kukk, Liia,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13959778"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.13959778", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.13959778", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.13959778"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-10-21T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.13960816", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:23:34Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "SERENA EJPSOIL NL GHG NEP", "description": "Open AccessThe data are derived from the calculation of indicators based on a standard methodology established as part of the EJP Soil SERENA programme. Please keep in mind that: \u2022It is the result of a modelling exercise and does not necessarily reflect reality. \u2022Despite the efforts made to provide reliable data, the results may contain inconsistencies, depending in particular on the raw data available and level of accuracy of the techniques chosen and their prior knowledge . \u2022It is necessary to consider how the results have been obtained in order to decide on their relevance\u00a0in relation to the intended\u00a0purpose\u00a0of reuse. \u2022These results are interesting from a scientific point of view, but their use\u00a0for environmental management and policy issues should be done keeping the previous aspects in mind and complementing when necessary the provided results with the best available data. ==> Finally, it is the responsibility of the users of this information to decide whether it is appropriate to use these data and whether the data meet their needs. The authors of this resource can in no way be held responsible for the\u00a0results obtained from the use of this data.", "keywords": ["Soil sciences", "NEP", "GHG", "Modis"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Hessel, Rudi, Trip, Martine,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13960816"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.13960816", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.13960816", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.13960816"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.13991087", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:23:35Z", "type": "Report", "title": "Assessment of Soil Threats and Ecosystem Services from each MS with the harmonized procedures. SERENA deliverable 3.3", "description": "Open AccessThe data are derived from the calculation of indicators based on a standard methodology established as part of the EJP Soil SERENA programme. Please keep in mind that: \u2022It is the result of a modelling exercise and does not necessarily reflect reality. \u2022Despite the efforts made to provide reliable data, the results may contain inconsistencies, depending in particular on the raw data available and level of accuracy of the techniques chosen and their prior knowledge . \u2022It is necessary to consider how the results have been obtained in order to decide on their relevance\u00a0in relation to the intended\u00a0purpose\u00a0of reuse. \u2022These results are interesting from a scientific point of view, but their use\u00a0for environmental management and policy issues should be done keeping the previous aspects in mind and complementing when necessary the provided results with the best available data. ==> Finally, it is the responsibility of the users of this information to decide whether it is appropriate to use these data and whether the data meet their needs. The authors of this resource can in no way be held responsible for the\u00a0results obtained from the use of this data.", "keywords": ["bundles", "soil sealing", "soil erosion", "Life Science", "GHG control", "soil-based ecosystem services", "soil threats", "SOC loss"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Hessel, Rudi", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13991087"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.13991087", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.13991087", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.13991087"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.14017679", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:23:37Z", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2024-06-17", "title": "SERENA EJPSOIL PL GHG NEP", "description": "Open AccessThe data are derived from the calculation of indicators based on a standard methodology established as\u00a0part of the EJP Soil SERENA\u00a0programme. Please keep in mind that: It is the result of a modelling exercise and does not necessarily reflect reality. Despite the efforts made to provide reliable data, the results\u00a0may contain inconsistencies,\u00a0depending\u00a0in particular on\u00a0the raw data\u00a0available\u00a0and level of accuracy of the techniques chosen\u00a0and\u00a0their prior knowledge\u00a0. It is necessary to consider how the results have been obtained\u00a0in order to\u00a0decide on their\u00a0relevance\u00a0in relation to the intended\u00a0purpose\u00a0of reuse. These results are interesting from a scientific point of view, but their use\u00a0for environmental\u00a0management and policy issues should be done keeping the previous aspects in mind and\u00a0complementing when\u00a0necessary\u00a0the provided results with the best available data. ==> Finally, it is the responsibility of the users of this information to decide whether it is appropriate to use these data and whether the data meet their needs. The authors of this resource can in no way be held responsible for the results obtained from the use of this data.", "keywords": ["Agricultural Soils", "Climate Regulation", "GHG", "Poland", "Soil-based Ecosystem Services", "SERENA", "EJP-SOIL"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Pindral, Sylwia, Klimkowicz-Pawlas, Agnieszka, Smreczak, Bo\u017cena,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14017679"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.14017679", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.14017679", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.14017679"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-10-31T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.14017678", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:23:37Z", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2024-06-17", "title": "SERENA EJPSOIL PL GHG NEP", "description": "Open AccessThe data are derived from the calculation of indicators based on a standard methodology established as\u00a0part of the EJP Soil SERENA\u00a0programme. Please keep in mind that: It is the result of a modelling exercise and does not necessarily reflect reality. Despite the efforts made to provide reliable data, the results\u00a0may contain inconsistencies,\u00a0depending\u00a0in particular on\u00a0the raw data\u00a0available\u00a0and level of accuracy of the techniques chosen\u00a0and\u00a0their prior knowledge\u00a0. It is necessary to consider how the results have been obtained\u00a0in order to\u00a0decide on their\u00a0relevance\u00a0in relation to the intended\u00a0purpose\u00a0of reuse. These results are interesting from a scientific point of view, but their use\u00a0for environmental\u00a0management and policy issues should be done keeping the previous aspects in mind and\u00a0complementing when\u00a0necessary\u00a0the provided results with the best available data. ==> Finally, it is the responsibility of the users of this information to decide whether it is appropriate to use these data and whether the data meet their needs. The authors of this resource can in no way be held responsible for the results obtained from the use of this data.", "keywords": ["Agricultural Soils", "Climate Regulation", "GHG", "Poland", "Soil-based Ecosystem Services", "SERENA", "EJP-SOIL"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Pindral, Sylwia, Klimkowicz-Pawlas, Agnieszka, Smreczak, Bo\u017cena,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14017678"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.14017678", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.14017678", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.14017678"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-10-31T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.14041243", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-13T16:23:38Z", "type": "Report", "title": "Modelling CO2 emissions of cultivated and rewetted peat soils with SWAP-ANIMO", "description": "This document is deliverable 6 from the INSURE project (Indicators for successful carbon sequestration and greenhouse gas mitigation by rewetting cultivated peat soils), which is part of the EJP Soil programme. It describes the application of the SWAP-ANIMO model to sites with peat soils in three locations in Europe (wet river valley (Denmark), coastal peatland (The Netherlands) and broad river floodplain (Switzerland)) for which two to three years of measurements of hydrological variables and CO2 exchange fluxes were available for some period between 2015 and 2023. The hydrology, grass growth and CO2 fluxes of these sites were modelled with the SWAP-ANIMO model using the available measurement period for model input and calibration. Model simulations were used to improve the understanding of the hydrological drivers of each site and to obtain estimates of the different pools contributing to the measured CO2 fluxes using a period of 10 years (2014-2023). Rewetting was considered either by calibration on direct measurements of an actual rewetting measure (Denmark, The Netherlands) or extrapolation of the reference simulation (Switzerland). Also, the potential impact of climate change on the rate of peat oxidation was modelled for these sites for both the reference and rewetting measure.", "keywords": ["EJP Soil", "SWAP-ANIMO", "peat", "INSURE", "GHG"], "contacts": [{"organization": "van de Craats, Daniel, Hessel, Rudi,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14041243"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.14041243", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.14041243", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.14041243"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-11-05T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.14054263", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:23:39Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "SERENA EJP Soil Green house gas aplication Moravia region, Czechia", "description": "The present dataset corresponds to a map of Net Ecosystem Productivity (NEP) for Moravia region in Czechia classified as wheat by the Eurocrop 2028 spatial product (d\u2019Andrimont et al. 2021). The map is the result of applying the NEP cookbook developed in SERENA/EJP-Soil to the area of interest (AOI) input data. NEP is expressed for a single 8-day period in early summer as it is the date with the highest value. The NEP value is a 2010-2014 average for the particular 8-day period. The data description document of the cookbook (hereafter \u201cGHG cookbook\u201d) itself corresponds to other document of the SERENA project.", "keywords": ["Czechia", "net ecosystem productivity", "Moravia-region", "GHG"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Reyes-Rojas, Jessica", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14054263"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.14054263", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.14054263", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.14054263"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-11-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.14054264", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:23:39Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "SERENA EJP Soil Green house gas aplication Moravia region, Czechia", "description": "The present dataset corresponds to a map of Net Ecosystem Productivity (NEP) for Moravia region in Czechia classified as wheat by the Eurocrop 2028 spatial product (d\u2019Andrimont et al. 2021). The map is the result of applying the NEP cookbook developed in SERENA/EJP-Soil to the area of interest (AOI) input data. NEP is expressed for a single 8-day period in early summer as it is the date with the highest value. The NEP value is a 2010-2014 average for the particular 8-day period. The data description document of the cookbook (hereafter \u201cGHG cookbook\u201d) itself corresponds to other document of the SERENA project.", "keywords": ["Czechia", "net ecosystem productivity", "Moravia-region", "GHG"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Reyes-Rojas, Jessica", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14054264"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.14054264", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.14054264", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.14054264"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-11-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.14055903", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:23:39Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Modelling CO2 emissions of cultivated and rewetted peat soils with SWAP-ANIMO - Dataset", "description": "Three locations in Europe (wet river valley (Denmark), coastal peatland (The Netherlands) and broad river floodplain (Switzerland)) were selected for which two to three years of measurements of hydrological variables and CO2 exchange fluxes were available for some period between 2015 and 2023. The hydrology, grass growth and CO2 fluxes of these sites were modelled with the SWAP-ANIMO model using the available measurement period for model input and calibration. Model simulations were used to improve the understanding of the hydrological drivers of each site and to obtain estimates of the different pools contributing to the measured CO2 fluxes using a period of 10 years (2014-2023). Rewetting was considered either by calibration on direct measurements of an actual rewetting measure (Denmark, The Netherlands) or extrapolation of the reference simulation (Switzerland). Also, the potential impact of climate change on the rate of peat oxidation was modelled for these sites for both the reference and rewetting measure. The dataset contains the relevant detailed, daily model output of the 10 year simulation period and aggregated, yearly model output of the scenario simulations which are detailed in the corresponding report (van de Craats et al., 2024), available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14041243.", "keywords": ["EJP Soil", "SWAP-ANIMO", "peat", "Life Science", "INSURE", "GHG"], "contacts": [{"organization": "van de Craats, Dani\u00ebl, Hessel, Rudi, Dik, Pim, Paul, Sonja, Leifeld, Jens, L\u00e6rke, Poul Erik, Petersen, Rasmus Jes,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14055903"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.14055903", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.14055903", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.14055903"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.14055904", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:23:39Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Modelling CO2 emissions of cultivated and rewetted peat soils with SWAP-ANIMO - Dataset", "description": "Three locations in Europe (wet river valley (Denmark), coastal peatland (The Netherlands) and broad river floodplain (Switzerland)) were selected for which two to three years of measurements of hydrological variables and CO2 exchange fluxes were available for some period between 2015 and 2023. The hydrology, grass growth and CO2 fluxes of these sites were modelled with the SWAP-ANIMO model using the available measurement period for model input and calibration. Model simulations were used to improve the understanding of the hydrological drivers of each site and to obtain estimates of the different pools contributing to the measured CO2 fluxes using a period of 10 years (2014-2023). Rewetting was considered either by calibration on direct measurements of an actual rewetting measure (Denmark, The Netherlands) or extrapolation of the reference simulation (Switzerland). Also, the potential impact of climate change on the rate of peat oxidation was modelled for these sites for both the reference and rewetting measure. The dataset contains the relevant detailed, daily model output of the 10 year simulation period and aggregated, yearly model output of the scenario simulations which are detailed in the corresponding report (van de Craats et al., 2024), available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14041243.", "keywords": ["EJP Soil", "SWAP-ANIMO", "peat", "Life Science", "INSURE", "GHG"], "contacts": [{"organization": "van de Craats, Dani\u00ebl, Hessel, Rudi, Dik, Pim, Paul, Sonja, Leifeld, Jens, L\u00e6rke, Poul Erik, Petersen, Rasmus Jes,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14055904"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.14055904", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.14055904", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.14055904"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.14258326", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:23:47Z", "type": "Other", "title": "Vernatting van ontwaterde veenweidegebieden biedt snelle uitstootvermindering van broeikasgassen", "description": "This is the Dutch translation of a policy brief written in the context of the INSURE project (part of EJP SOIL programme). The English version can be found at: 10.5281/zenodo.13970407", "keywords": ["GHG emissions", "peat", "paludiculture"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Lang, Kristiina, van de Craats, Daniel, Honkanen, Henri, Elsgaard, Lars, Hessel, Rudi, Kekkonen, Hanna, Larmola, Tuula, Leifeld, Jens, Laerke, Poul Erik, Rodriguez, Andres, Saarnio, Sanna, Zhao, Junbin, van Wijlandt, Oleg,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14258326"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.14258326", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.14258326", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.14258326"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-12-02T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.208231", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:24:28Z", "description": "This research empirically estimates potential energy utilization and GHG emission sequestration in small-scale maize production in Niger State, Nigeria using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). Data for the study were obtained from Kuta agricultural zone in Niger State; 120 maize farmers were randomly selected through multi-stage sampling technique, and data collected with the aid of pre-tested questionnaire coupled with interview schedule. Energy efficiency of maize farmers was studied and degrees of overall technical efficiency (CCR), pure technical efficiency (BCC) and scale efficiency (SE) were determined using a neoclassical non-parametric model called Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). Additionally, wasteful uses of energy by inefficient DMUs (farms) were examined, and energy saving of different sources estimated. Furthermore, the effect of energy optimization on greenhouse gas (GHG) emission was investigated and the total amount of GHG emission of efficient DMUs (farms) was compared with inefficient DMUs. Results revealed that approximately 9.2% of the farmers were technically efficient with an estimated mean TE of 0.68. Furthermore, when BCC model was assumed, 24 farmers (DMUs) were identified to be locally efficient (20%), with mean PTE of 0.78. From the results, it was inferred that 32% (768.89MJ ha-1) of overall input energies can be saved if the performance of inefficient DMUs (farms) rose to a high level. Finally, by energy optimization the total GHG emission can be reduced to an estimated value of 394.91 kg CO2eq.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "DEA", "Technical Efficiency", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "Small-scale", "Nigeria", "02 engineering and technology", "7. Clean energy", "GHG Emission", "Maize"], "contacts": [{"organization": "A. Suleiman, M. A. Isah, S. M. Umar, I.P. Singh, H. Sallawu, A. T. Lawal, M. S. Sadiq, A. M. Maude,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.208231"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.208231", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.208231", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.208231"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10067/1640270151162165141", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:25:50Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-11-13", "title": "Disentangling Drought and Nutrient Effects on Soil Carbon Dioxide and Methane Fluxes in a Tropical Forest", "description": "Tropical soils are a major contributor to the balance of greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes in the atmosphere. Models of tropical GHG fluxes predict that both the frequency of drought events and changes in atmospheric deposition of nitrogen (N) will significantly affect dynamics of soil carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) production and consumption. In this study, we examined the combined effect of a reduction in precipitation and an increase in nutrient availability on soil CO2 and CH4 fluxes in a primary French Guiana tropical forest. Drought conditions were simulated by intercepting precipitation falling through the forest canopy with tarpaulin roofs. Nutrient availability was manipulated through application of granular N and / or phosphorus (P) fertilizer to the soil. Soil water content (SWC) below the roofs decreased rapidly and stayed at continuously low values until roof removal, which as a consequence roughly doubled the duration of the dry season. After roof removal, SWC slowly increased but remained lower than in the control soils even after 2.5 months of wet-season precipitation. We showed that drought-imposed reduction in SWC decreased the CO2 emissions (i.e CO2 efflux), but strongly increased the CH4 emissions. N, P and N \u00d7 P (i.e. NP) additions all significantly increased CO2 emission but had no effect on CH4 fluxes. In treatments where both fertilization and drought were applied, the positive effect of N, P and NP fertilization on CO2 efflux was reduced. After roof removal, soil CO2 efflux was more resilient in the control plots than in the fertilized plots while there was only a modest effect of roof removal on soil CH4 fluxes. Our results suggest that a combined increase in drought and nutrient availability in soil can locally increase the emissions of both CO2 and CH4 from tropical soils, for a long term.", "keywords": ["tropical forest", "[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "550", "Nitrogen", "soil GHG fluxes", "drought", "01 natural sciences", "nitrogen", "Tropical forest", "GE1-350", "phosphorus", "Biology", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Drought", "methane", "carbon dioxide", "Phosphorus", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "Environmental sciences", "Chemistry", "Carbon dioxide", "fertilization", "13. Climate action", "Fertilization", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Soil GHG fluxes", "Methane"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10067/1640270151162165141"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Frontiers%20in%20Environmental%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10067/1640270151162165141", "name": "item", "description": "10067/1640270151162165141", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10067/1640270151162165141"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-11-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10067/1974270151162165141", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:25:50Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-05-10", "title": "Tree stem and soil methane and nitrous oxide fluxes, but not carbon dioxide fluxes, switch sign along a topographic gradient in a tropical forest", "description": "Purpose
Tropical forests exchange large amounts of greenhouse gases (GHGs: carbon dioxide, CO2; methane, CH4; and nitrous oxide, N2O) with the atmosphere. Forest soils and stems can be either sources or sinks for CH4 and N2O, but little is known about what determines the sign and magnitude of these fluxes. Here, we aimed to study how stem and soil GHG fluxes vary along a topographic gradient in a tropical forest.

Methods
Fluxes of GHG from 56 individual tree stems and adjacent soils were measured with manual static chambers. The topographic gradient was characterized by a soil moisture gradient, with one end in a wetland area (\u201cseasonally flooded\u201d; SF), the other end in an upland area (\u201cterra firme\u201d; TF) and in between a transitional area on the slope (SL).

Results
Tree stems and soils were always sources of CO2 with higher fluxes in SF compared to TF and SL. Fluxes of CH4 and N2O were more variable, even within one habitat. Results showed that, in TF, soils acted as sinks for N2O whereas, in SF and SL, they acted as sources. In contrast, tree stems which were predominantly sources of N2O in SF and TF, were sinks in SL. In the soil, N2O fluxes were significantly influenced by both temperature and soil water content, whereas CH4 fluxes were only significantly correlated with soil water content.

Conclusion
SF areas were major sources of the three gases, whereas SL and TF soils and tree stems acted as either sources or sinks for CH4 and N2O. Our results indicate that tree stems represent overlooked sources of CH4 and N2O in tropical forests that need to be further studied to refine GHG budgets.", "keywords": ["[SDV.SA.AGRO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomy", "106022 Mikrobiologie", "550", "source", "Spatial variation", "Sink", "[SDV.SA.AGRO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomy", "spatial variation", "Source", "15. Life on land", "Stem", "630", "soil", "[SDV.GEN.GPL]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Plants genetics", "Soil", "Greenhouse gas (GHG) exchange", "13. Climate action", "106026 \u00d6kosystemforschung", "[SDV.GEN.GPL] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Plants genetics", "106022 Microbiology", "stem", "sink", "106026 Ecosystem research", "Biology", "greenhouse gas (GHG) exchange"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10067/1974270151162165141"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10067/1974270151162165141", "name": "item", "description": "10067/1974270151162165141", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10067/1974270151162165141"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-05-09T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "11588/1000224", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:26:24Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-01-17", "title": "The global energy challenge: second-generation feedstocks on marginal lands for a sustainable biofuel production", "description": "Abstract As the global population continues to grow, so does the demand for energy resources. As a consequence, using renewable energy sources as an alternative to fossil fuels has become mandatory to reduce the environmental footprint of the energy sector. Biofuels represent a renewable source of energy, but their production has raised concerns regarding their possible impacts on food security. Indeed, the current biofuel production primarily relies on food crops and arable lands. That is in conflict with the need to produce more food for an increasing world population. To overcome this incongruence, it is proposed to cultivate second-generation biofuel crops on marginal lands, since this option could bring benefits in terms of food security and sustainability. Based on the scientific literature, we addressed the following critical points: (i) whether marginal land worldwide can be considered a reasonable alternative to arable lands for biofuel production; (ii) evaluate the sustainability of biofuel production with respect to unintended negative consequences of crop cultivation such as indirect land use change, social insecurity and loss of biodiversity. It was concluded that the amount of land for growing plants can possibly sustain both food and biofuel production if marginal land are included. In this context, it becomes a priority to select biofuel crops with high productivity on marginal lands and pronounced resilience and adaptability traits. Underutilized crops such as Carthamus tinctorius, Ricinus communis, Brassica carinata, Camelina sativa etc. may fit the purpose and may represent a valuable alternative to first-generation feedstock because they require minimal agronomical input. Using underutilized crops on marginal lands can also provide important ecological services, including improving soil fertility and water regulation, increasing biodiversity and reducing soil erosion. To fully exploit this option, it will be critical to calibrate plant growth models to estimate the potential biofuel production on marginal land from second-generation feedstock and to create tools for a more rational management of this land. Graphical abstract", "keywords": ["Life cycle assessment", "Food-fuel debate", "S", "Carthamus tinctorius", "GHG", "Agriculture", "Ricinus communis"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.iris.unina.it/bitstream/11588/1000224/1/s40538-025-00729-7.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/11588/1000224"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Chemical%20and%20Biological%20Technologies%20in%20Agriculture", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "11588/1000224", "name": "item", "description": "11588/1000224", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/11588/1000224"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-01-17T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "1854/LU-01JM00E41RAYQZ9BSHZ6EH3WV9", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:26:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-02-03", "title": "How do varying nitrogen fertilization rates affect crop yields and riverine N2O emissions? A hybrid modeling study", "description": "Headwater streams in agricultural areas constitute significant sources of nitrous oxide (N2O) due to nutrient enrichment; however, their emissions are often overlooked in current environmental impact assessments. This scarcity highlights the importance of developing advanced decision tools to evaluate these contributions and create effective mitigation strategies. Our study establishes the first integrated modeling framework that combines a process-based model SWAT+ with a linear mixed model (LMM) to predict N2O emissions from a headwater agricultural river system in Belgium under diverse climate change and fertilization scenarios. In particular, the calibrated and validated SWAT+ model was used to simulate streamflow, nutrient transport, and crop yields under these scenarios, from which, together with biochemical data collected from sampling campaigns, riverine N2O emissions were predicted via LMM. Our results revealed hydrologically driven patterns in riverine N2O emissions, with peak emissions in winter and spring, driven by precipitations enhancing shallow subsurface flows, carrying leached nutrients from fields to the river, and fueling N2O emissions. These phenomena were intensified under climate change scenarios, especially during combined wetter and hotter winters and springs, which elevated headwater N2O emissions by 40 %. Moreover, when coupling these conditions with a 20 % increase in fertilizer rates, riverine N2O emissions would be boosted by 83 %. These findings underscore the importance of integrating land-surface and river processes, to effectively quantify the feedback loop between river nutrient enrichment and climate change under the influence of agricultural practices, and to support comprehensive mitigation strategies under the warming climate.", "keywords": ["Agriculture and Food Sciences", "Riverine nitrous oxide dynamics", "PROTOCOL", "Crops", " Agricultural", "CLIMATE-CHANGE", "IMPACT", "Nitrogen", "Climate Change", "Nitrous Oxide", "Agriculture", "PERFORMANCE", "Models", " Theoretical", "Headwater streams", "OXIDE EMISSIONS", "Hybrid modeling", "Rivers", "Belgium", "Agricultural GHG impact", "Climate change", "STREAMS", "Fertilizers"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/1854/LU-01JM00E41RAYQZ9BSHZ6EH3WV9"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Water%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "1854/LU-01JM00E41RAYQZ9BSHZ6EH3WV9", "name": "item", "description": "1854/LU-01JM00E41RAYQZ9BSHZ6EH3WV9", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/1854/LU-01JM00E41RAYQZ9BSHZ6EH3WV9"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2158/1396579", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-13T16:27:01Z", "type": "Report", "title": "Mobile solution for digestate transformation to high added-value products", "description": "L'articolo mostra i risultati principali del progetto NOMAD che si e\u0300 dedicato allo sviluppo di un sistema mobile per la valorizzazione del digestato e la produzione di fertilizzanti ad elevato valore aggiunto. The article presents the primary findings of the NOMAD project, which aimed to develop a mobile system for the valorization of digestate and the production of high-value fertilizers.", "keywords": ["Agricultural by-product; Sustainability; Fertilizers; GHG emissions; Nitrogen"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Leonardo Verdi, Anna Dalla Marta,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://flore.unifi.it/bitstream/2158/1396579/1/Mobile%20solution%20for%20digestate%20transformation%20to%20high%20added-value%20products.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/2158/1396579"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2158/1396579", "name": "item", "description": "2158/1396579", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2158/1396579"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2268/234713", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:27:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-04-14", "title": "Dynamics of greenhouse gases in groundwater: hydrogeological and hydrogeochemical controls", "description": "Abstract In this study the variability of greenhouse gases (GHGs) concentrations along lateral and vertical dimensions of the chalk aquifer located in the eastern part of Belgium was examined in order to understand its dependence on hydrogeological and hydrogeochemical conditions. Groundwater samples from 29 wells/piezometers were analyzed for concentrations of nitrous oxide (N2O), carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), major and minor elements and stable isotopes of nitrate (NO3\u2212), nitrous oxide (N2O), sulfate (SO42\u2212) and boron (B). For lateral investigations, four zones with different environmental settings were identified (southern, central, north-eastern and northern). Groundwater was oversaturated with GHGs with respect to its equilibrium concentrations with the atmosphere in all zones, except the northern one, undersaturated in N2O (0.07\u202f\u00b1\u202f0.08\u202f\u03bcgN/L vs. 0.3\u202f\u03bcgN/L). Vertical dimension studies showed the decrease in CO2 concentration and significant changes in both isotope signatures and concentration of N2O with depth. The production of N2O could be attributed to a combination of nitrification and denitrification processes occurring at different depths. CO2 concentration is controlled by the process of dissolution of carbonate minerals which constitute aquifer geology. CH4 is produced due to methanogenesis in deeper parts of the aquifer, though its thermogenic origin is also possible. Differences in hydrogeochemical settings and changing intensity of biogeochemical processes across the area and with depth have considerable effect on GHGs concentrations. Thus, before estimating GHGs fluxes at the groundwater\u2013river interface insights obtained from larger-scale investigations are required in order to identify the representative spatial zones which govern GHGs emissions.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Stable isotope analysis", "Physique", " chimie", " math\u00e9matiques & sciences de la terre", "Agriculture", "01 natural sciences", "Geological", " petroleum & mining engineering", "6. Clean water", "Engineering", " computing & technology", "Ing\u00e9nierie", " informatique & technologie", "Sciences de la terre & g\u00e9ographie physique", "Indirect emissions", "Physical", " chemical", " mathematical & earth Sciences", "13. Climate action", "Earth sciences & physical geography", "G\u00e9ologie", " ing\u00e9nierie du p\u00e9trole & des mines", "Greenhouse gases (GHGs)", "Groundwater", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://orbi.uliege.be/bitstream/2268/234713/1/GHG%20Geer%20Appl.%20Geochem%202019%20VF.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/2268/234713"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Geochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2268/234713", "name": "item", "description": "2268/234713", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2268/234713"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2268/250895", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:27:05Z", "type": "Other", "title": "Vertical interval dynamics of greenhouse gases in groundwater (Hesbaye chalk aquifer, Belgium)", "description": "Open AccessIncrease in the concentration of greenhouse gases (GHGs) in the atmosphere threatens the existence of many ecosystems and their inhabitants. Agricultural activities contribute up to 70 % of total anthropogenic emission of nitrous oxide (N2O), one of the GHGs, which is characterized with the highest global warming potential and contributes to stratospheric ozone depletion. Our study presents the results obtained from the recent field and lab activities carried out in order to obtain better insight into the factors that define the presence of N2O in groundwater. Previous large scale investigations, performed in the Hesbaye chalk aquifer in Eastern Belgium, suggested that the concentration of N2O in the aquifer depends on different, possibly overlapping biochemical processes such as nitrification, denitrification and/or nitrifier-denitrification. This study explored the occurrence of biochemical stratification in the same aquifer and its impact on N2O production and consumption mechanisms. For this purpose low flow sampling technique was applied at different depth intervals to obtain better insight into the extent of oxic and anoxic zones and variability of concentrations of GHGs along the vertical profile. Collected groundwater samples were analyzed for the range of hydrochemical parameters as well as NO3-, N2O, H2O and B isotopes signatures and N2O isotopomers. Afterwards, rates of nitrification and denitrification processes were estimated based on short-term incubations of collected groundwater amended with NO3- and NH4+ compounds labeled with heavy 15N isotope. In addition, in order to characterize the dynamics of ongoing biogeochemical processes, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests for detection of the activity-specific enzymes in the aquifer were performed. Such studies help to clarify which conditions are more prone to the accumulation of high concentrations of GHGs in aquifers and better constrain models which estimate local and regional GHGs budgets.AcknowledgmentsThis project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sk\u0142odowska-Curie grant agreement No 675120.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Physical", " chemical", " mathematical & earth Sciences", "13. Climate action", "Physique", " chimie", " math\u00e9matiques & sciences de la terre", "Earth sciences & physical geography", "Greenhouse gases (GHGs)", "N isotopes", "Groundwater", "6. Clean water", "Sciences de la terre & g\u00e9ographie physique"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Nikolenko, Olha, Morana, C\u00e9dric, Taminiau, Bernard, Borges, Alberto, Robert, Tanguy, Goderniaux, Pascal, Duvivier, Maxime, Brouy\u00e8re, Serge,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://orbi.uliege.be/bitstream/2268/250895/1/EGU2020-4958-print.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/2268/250895"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2268/250895", "name": "item", "description": "2268/250895", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2268/250895"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2268/252074", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:27:05Z", "type": "Other", "title": "Effects of the hydrogeochemical stratification on the distribution of GHGs concentrations and their production/consumption processes in groundwater", "description": "RestrictedRegulation of the concentrations of greenhouse gases (GHGs) in the environment has become one of the major challenges faced by global community. In order to understand better which measures could be applied to stop the rising concentrations of N2O, CO2 and CH4 in the atmosphere, it is important to better constrain their budgets. Research findings, devoted to the study of GHGs fluxes, have reported that under agricultural areas groundwater is generally characterized with increased concentrations of N2O due to microbial conversion of N compounds derived from the application of organic and inorganic fertilizers. Previous investigations performed in the Cretaceous Hesbaye chalk aquifer in Eastern Belgium have characterized the variability of GHGs along the lateral and vertical dimensions of the aquifer taking into account the difference in hydrogeochemistry, hydrogeology and urbanization level. Results obtained from the interpretations of NO3-, N2O, SO42-, B isotopes signatures and N2O isotopomers suggested that the dynamics of N2O in the chalk aquifer was governed by different, possibly overlapping reaction mechanisms such as nitrification, denitrification or nitrifier-denitrification. They also revealed the occurrence of CH4 in oxic conditions simultaneously with electron acceptors of higher energy yield. In order to understand the mechanisms governing the observed trends in GHGs concentrations, local scale investigations have been planified to better constrict the conditions of occurrence of GHGs transformation processes and disentangle their shifting dynamics. In this context, low-flow groundwater sampling procedures were applied at different depth intervals to obtain better insight into the possible vertical extent of oxic and anoxic zones, occurrence of biogeochemical processes typically active in these zones and accumulation of GHGs in different hydrogeochemical conditions. Afterwards, series of push-pull tests, using NO3- and NH4+ compounds labeled with heavy 15N isotope were conducted to quantify the rates of nitrification and denitrification processes. Such studies help to clarify which conditions are more prone to the accumulation of high concentrations of GHGs in aquifers and better constrain the mass-balance models of GHGs production/consumption in groundwater.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Sciences aquatiques & oc\u00e9anologie", "13. Climate action", "Sciences du vivant", "Aquatic sciences & oceanology", "Greenhouse gases (GHGs)", "15. Life on land", "N isotopes", "Groundwater", "Life sciences", "6. 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By co-working with relevant stakeholders, the project provided co-developed indicators and associated cookbooks to assess and map them, to report both on soil degradation, soil-based ecosystem services and their bundles, under actual conditions and for climate and land-use changes, at the regional, national, and European scales. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 The study evaluated Net Ecosystem Productivity (NEP), a key indicator of carbon dynamics and ecosystem health that captures the balance between gross primary productivity and total ecosystem respiration under the RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 climate change scenarios. The scenarios incorporate NEP calculations from the SERENA project\u2019s GHG Cookbook, which integrates MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) terrestrial primary productivity data with spatially explicit climate variables, such as average temperatures (derived from minimum and maximum daily temperatures) and soil volumetric moisture content. The baseline NEP layer for this analysis was derived from the GHG Cookbook\u2019s 8-day NEP calculation for April 24 to May 1, 2014. This study specifically mapped NEP values in wheat fields within Peipsi\u00e4\u00e4re municipality, Estonia, under the RCP4.5 scenario for the future periods 2041\u20132070 and 2071\u20132100. The findings provide initial insights into NEP scenario modeling related to climate change, indicating that more advanced analyses would be advantageous for refining the methodology. Furthermore, incorporating Estonia\u2019s specific pedoclimatic conditions and considering the dynamics of terrestrial primary productivity within the datasets would greatly improve the accuracy of projections. This dataset includes an 8-day NEP layer for wheat fields in Peipsi\u00e4\u00e4re municipality, Estonia, under the RCP4.5 climate pathway for the periods 2041\u20132070 and 2071\u20132100. The files, named SERENA_EJPSOIL_EE_CC_scenario_NEP_RCP4.5_2041-2070.gpkg and SERENA_EJPSOIL_EE_CC_scenario_NEP_RCP4.5_2071-2100.gpkg, are formatted as GeoPackages (GPKG).", "keywords": ["SERENA EJPSOIL; D3.4; WP3; Task 3.3; Estonia; Net Ecosystem Productivity; NEP; GHG; Scenarios; RCP"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Kukk, Liia, Astover, Alar,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/50|od______2659::88be2cd0da9a562fab2619180746eb81"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "50|od______2659::88be2cd0da9a562fab2619180746eb81", "name": "item", "description": "50|od______2659::88be2cd0da9a562fab2619180746eb81", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/50|od______2659::88be2cd0da9a562fab2619180746eb81"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-10-28T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "50|od_______310::10e1441469d9e3a2ba08c175bc4dc0ac", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-13T16:28:27Z", "type": "Report", "title": "Mobile solution for digestate transformation to high added-value products", "description": "L'articolo mostra i risultati principali del progetto NOMAD che si e\u0300 dedicato allo sviluppo di un sistema mobile per la valorizzazione del digestato e la produzione di fertilizzanti ad elevato valore aggiunto. 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Reports, articles, papers, scientific and non - scientific works of any form, including tables, maps, or any other kind of output, in printed or electronic form, based in whole or in part on the data supplied, must contain an acknowledgement of the form: \"Data reused from the BonaRes Data Centre www.bonares.de. This data were created as part of the ZALF Datenerfassung's research activities.\" Although every care has been taken in preparing and testing the data, the ZALF Datenerfassung and the BonaRes Data Centre cannot guarantee that the data are correct; neither does the ZALF Datenerfassung and the BonaRes Data Centre accept any liability whatsoever for any error, missing data or omission in the data, or for any loss or damage arising from its use. 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In its current stage the AgroFlux experimental sensor platform features: 1) an automatized gantry crane robotic system to detect crop phenology (e.g., proximal sensing of spectral plant indices (NDVI, RVI) and IR canopy temperatures), GHG and ET flux dynamics (FT-NSS closed canopy chambers); 2) UAV based remote sensing for upscaling purposes; 3) flexible, adaptive measurement infrastructure (e.g., IoT sensor network, canopy chambers, proximal sensors for NDVI, RVI; IR canopy temperatures); 4) in-situ stable isotope (C, N and water) monitoring along soil-plant atmosphere gradients (flux separation); and 5) experiment based determination of processes within soil-plant atmosphere interphase (e.g., plant-soil feedbacks). 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