{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1055/s-2001-17730", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:19:39Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2002-07-26", "title": "The Impact Of Sheep Grazing On Net Nitrogen Mineralization Rate In Two Temperate Salt Marshes", "description": "

Abstract: Nitrogen mineralization rate was studied in grazing trials with three different stocking rates (0, 3, 10 sheep ha\uffe2\uff80\uff901) in two man\uffe2\uff80\uff90made salt marshes, viz. a Puccinellia maritima\uffe2\uff80\uff90dominated low salt marsh and a high salt marsh dominated by Festuca rubra. Mineralization rates were derived from the amounts of mineral N which accumulated in situ during six\uffe2\uff80\uff90week incubation periods in tubes containing undisturbed soil cores from the upper 10 cm soil layer. The annual rates of net N mineralization were significantly higher in the better drained, high salt marsh (71 \uffe2\uff80\uff90 81 kg ha\uffe2\uff80\uff901 yr\uffe2\uff80\uff901) than in the low salt marsh (39 \uffe2\uff80\uff90 49 kg ha\uffe2\uff80\uff901 yr\uffe2\uff80\uff901). High amounts of belowground litter accumulated in the low salt marsh due to frequent water logging. Both N mineralization and nitrification rate were negatively correlated with soil water content. In the Puccinellia maritima salt marsh, grazing had neither an effect on N mineralization rates during any of the incubation periods nor on annual mineralization rates. In the Festuca rubra salt marsh, N mineralization rates increased earlier during spring at the intensively grazed site than at the moderately grazed and the ungrazed site. N mineralization and nitrification rates were significantly higher at the ungrazed site than at the intensively grazed site during the period of peak net N mineralization from the end of April until mid\uffe2\uff80\uff90June. Although sheep grazing affected the seasonal pattern of N mineralization in the high marsh, grazing did not affect the annual rate of net N mineralization.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "LIMITATION", "seasonality", "SUCCESSION", "MICROBIAL BIOMASS", "15. Life on land", "grazing experiment", "01 natural sciences", "nitrification", "salt marsh", "zonation", "PSEUDOREPLICATION", "vegetation", "PLANT-GROWTH", "HERBIVORES", "ECOSYSTEM", "VEGETATION", "nitrogen mineralization"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2001-17730"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1055/s-2001-17730", "name": "item", "description": "10.1055/s-2001-17730", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1055/s-2001-17730"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2001-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1071/mu13028", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:19:42Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-02-02", "title": "Avian Responses To Varying Intensity Of Cattle Production In Spartina Densiflora Saltmarshes Of South-Eastern South America", "description": "Saltmarshes of Spartina densiflora in south-eastern South America have been modified by anthropogenic activities, mainly production of livestock. We examined the effect of the intensity of cattle production on the structure of saltmarsh vegetation and the effect of these changes to vegetation on the richness, composition and size of the avian populations and the abundance of nests. The levels of cattle production were based on the combined intensity of prescribed burning and cattle grazing, classed as: (1) High grazing \u2013 High burning (HH), (2) Low grazing \u2013 Low burning (LL) and (3) No grazing \u2013 No burning (NN). Cattle production altered the vegetation structure of saltmarshes and indirectly modified the richness, composition and size of their avian populations and the abundance of nests. Saltmarshes with either LL or NN production levels were inhabited by tall grassland specialists and generalists and by species specialised to live in a mosaic of short and tall grassland patches. Conversely, saltmarshes with HH production levels were inhabited by short-grassland specialists. That avian species diversity does not differ between S. densiflora saltmarsh subject to low or no human impacts has several potential interpretations, which are discussed. These findings have implications for management of grasslands to maintain avian diversity.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Grassland Birds", "https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6", "Argentina", "Cattle Grazing", "Conservation", "Pampas", "15. Life on land", "Fire", "https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Cardoni, Daniel Augusto, Isacch, Juan Pablo, Iribarne, Oscar Osvaldo,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1071/mu13028"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Emu%20-%20Austral%20Ornithology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1071/mu13028", "name": "item", "description": "10.1071/mu13028", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1071/mu13028"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1071/sr14236", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:19:45Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-09-11", "title": "Managing Cattle Grazing Intensity: Effects On Soil Organic Matter And Soil Nitrogen", "description": "

Extensive cattle grazing is the dominant land use in northern Australia. It has been suggested that grazing intensity and rainfall have profound effects on the dynamics of soil nutrients in northern Australia\uffe2\uff80\uff99s semi-arid rangelands. Previous studies have found positive, neutral and negative effects of grazing pressure on soil nutrients. These inconsistencies could be due to short-term experiments that do not capture the slow dynamics of some soil nutrients and the effects of interannual variability in rainfall. In a long-term cattle grazing trial in northern Australia on Brown Sodosol\uffe2\uff80\uff93Yellow Kandosol complex, we analysed soil organic matter and mineral nitrogen in surface soils (0\uffe2\uff80\uff9310\uffe2\uff80\uff89cm depth) 11, 12 and 16 years after trial establishment on experimental plots representing moderate stocking (stocked at the long-term carrying capacity for the region) and heavy stocking (stocked at twice the long-term carrying capacity). Higher soil organic matter was found under heavy stocking, although grazing treatment had little effect on mineral and total soil nitrogen. Interannual variability had a large effect on soil mineral nitrogen, but not on soil organic matter, suggesting that soil nitrogen levels observed in this soil complex may be affected by other indirect pathways, such as climate. The effect of interannual variability in rainfall and the effects of other soil types need to be explored further.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Soil and crops. Soil-plant relationships. Soil productivity", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Cattle", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Soil conservation and protection", "Rangelands. Range management. Grazing"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1071/sr14236"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1071/sr14236", "name": "item", "description": "10.1071/sr14236", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1071/sr14236"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/gcb.15722", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:20:38Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-05-24", "title": "Reindeer control over subarctic treeline alters soil fungal communities with potential consequences for soil carbon storage", "description": "Abstract

The climate\uffe2\uff80\uff90driven encroachment of shrubs into the Arctic is accompanied by shifts in soil fungal communities that could contribute to a net release of carbon from tundra soils. At the same time, arctic grazers are known to prevent the establishment of deciduous shrubs and, under certain conditions, promote the dominance of evergreen shrubs. As these different vegetation types associate with contrasting fungal communities, the belowground consequences of climate change could vary among grazing regimes. Yet, at present, the impact of grazing on soil fungal communities and their links to soil carbon have remained speculative. Here we tested how soil fungal community composition, diversity and function depend on tree vicinity and long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term reindeer grazing regime and assessed how the fungal communities relate to organic soil carbon stocks in an alpine treeline ecotone in Northern Scandinavia. We determined soil carbon stocks and characterized soil fungal communities directly underneath and >3\uffc2\uffa0m away from mountain birches (Betula pubescens ssp. czerepanovii) in two adjacent 55\uffe2\uff80\uff90year\uffe2\uff80\uff90old grazing regimes with or without summer grazing by reindeer (Rangifer tarandus). We show that the area exposed to year\uffe2\uff80\uff90round grazing dominated by evergreen dwarf shrubs had higher soil C:N ratio, higher fungal abundance and lower fungal diversity compared with the area with only winter grazing and higher abundance of mountain birch. Although soil carbon stocks did not differ between the grazing regimes, stocks were positively associated with root\uffe2\uff80\uff90associated ascomycetes, typical to the year\uffe2\uff80\uff90round grazing regime, and negatively associated with free\uffe2\uff80\uff90living saprotrophs, typical to the winter grazing regime. These findings suggest that when grazers promote dominance of evergreen dwarf shrubs, they induce shifts in soil fungal communities that increase soil carbon sequestration in the long term. Thus, to predict climate\uffe2\uff80\uff90driven changes in soil carbon, grazer\uffe2\uff80\uff90induced shifts in vegetation and soil fungal communities need to be accounted for. There is widespread concern that cessation of grazing in historically grazed ecosystems is causing biotic homogenization and biodiversity loss. We used 12 montane grassland sites along an 800 km north\uffe2\uff80\uff93south gradient across the UK, to test whether cessation of grazing affects local \uffce\uffb1 - and \uffce\uffb2 -diversity of below-ground food webs. We show cessation of grazing leads to strongly decreased \uffce\uffb1 -diversity of most groups of soil microbes and fauna, particularly of relatively rare taxa. By contrast, the \uffce\uffb2 -diversity varied between groups of soil organisms. While most soil microbial communities exhibited increased homogenization after cessation of grazing, we observed decreased homogenization for soil fauna after cessation of grazing. Overall, our results indicate that exclusion of domesticated herbivores from historically grazed montane grasslands has far-ranging negative consequences for diversity of below-ground food webs. This underscores the importance of grazers for maintaining the diversity of below-ground communities, which play a central role in ecosystem functioning. For over three decades, low\uffe2\uff80\uff90intensity grazing has been used to maintain or increase plant species richness in European natural areas, but the effects are highly variable. Thus far, good predictors of whether grazing will have positive effects on plant species richness are limited. How does the interplay between low\uffe2\uff80\uff90intensity grazing and topographic heterogeneity affect plant species richness at different spatial scales?

Location

Long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term grazed and ungrazed salt marshes of the Dutch Wadden Sea island of Schiermonnikoog.

Methods

We selected ten plots of 2200\uffc2\uffa0m2 in grazed and ungrazed areas of our study sites, and recorded and compared plant species richness in 0.1, 1, 10, 100 and 1000\uffc2\uffa0m2 subplots. Topographic heterogeneity was quantified at the plot scale using the standard deviation of the elevation derived from a high\uffe2\uff80\uff90resolution (5\uffc2\uffa0m\uffc2\uffa0\uffc3\uff97\uffc2\uffa05\uffc2\uffa0m) digital elevation model. We calculated species\uffe2\uff80\uff93area relationships to analyse our data.

Results

We found that large\uffe2\uff80\uff90scale topographic heterogeneity (based on the whole plot of 2200\uffc2\uffa0m2) positively affects plant species richness at all scales (even at the smallest 0.1\uffe2\uff80\uff90m2 scale), and that grazing has a positive additive effect at the small scales (0.1 and 10\uffc2\uffa0m2). While grazing also had a positive effect on species richness at larger scales (1000\uffc2\uffa0m2), the strength of the effect was dependent on the topographic heterogeneity at that scale. The effectiveness of grazing for increased plant species richness was highest at low topographic heterogeneity, and lowest at intermediate topographic heterogeneity. Effects of intermediate heterogeneity were probably counterbalanced by the effects of grazing.

Conclusions

Our results suggest that the variation in elevation is an important predictor of whether low\uffe2\uff80\uff90intensity grazing has positive effects on plant species richness or not. Grazing appears most beneficial at low topographic heterogeneity, but whether these findings hold for other grazed ecosystems will depend on several factors, most importantly, the relationship between topographic and abiotic heterogeneity. Results of our study are highly relevant for the application of low\uffe2\uff80\uff90intensity grazing as tool for conservation management in salt marshes and other natural areas.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Topography", "Livestock", "IMPACT", "Vascular plants", "Spatial scale", "DIVERSITY", "Nature management", "Biodiversity", "Conservation", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "SOIL", "Grazing lawns", "HERBIVORES", "BIODIVERSITY", "Herbivory", "VEGETATION", "14. Life underwater", "Plant-herbivore interactions", "GRASSLANDS", "RESTORATION", "RESPONSES", "ENVIRONMENTS"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/avsc.12107"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Vegetation%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/avsc.12107", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/avsc.12107", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/avsc.12107"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-05-02T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/avsc.12195", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:20:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-08-21", "title": "What Factors Determined Restoration Success Of A Salt Marsh Ten Years After De-Embankment?", "description": "AbstractQuestions

How successful was the restoration of a salt marsh at a former summer polder on the mainland coast of the Dutch Wadden Sea 10\uffc2\uffa0yr after de\uffe2\uff80\uff90embankment? What were the most important factors determining the level of restoration success?

Location

Noard\uffe2\uff80\uff90Frysl\uffc3\uffa2n B\uffc3\uffbbtendyks, northwest Netherlands.

Methods

The frequencies of target plant species were recorded before de\uffe2\uff80\uff90embankment and monitored thereafter (1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 10\uffc2\uffa0yr later) using permanent transects. Vegetation change was monitored using repeated mapping 14\uffc2\uffa0yr before and 1, 7 and 10\uffc2\uffa0yr after de\uffe2\uff80\uff90embankment. A large\uffe2\uff80\uff90scale factorial experiment with 72 sampling plots was set up to determine the effects of distance to a breach point, distance to a creek and grazing treatment on species composition. Abiotic data were also collected from the permanent transects and sampling plots on elevation, soil salinity and redox potential.

Results

Ten years after de\uffe2\uff80\uff90embankment, permanent transect data showed that 78% to 96% of the target species were found at the restoration site. Vegetation mapping, however, showed that the diversity of salt marsh communities was low, with 50% of the site covered by the secondary pioneer marsh community. A multivariate analogue of ANOVA indicated that the most important experimental factor determining species composition was the interaction between distance to the nearest creek and livestock grazing. The combination of proximity to a creek and exclusion from livestock grazing always resulted in development of the high marsh community. In contrast, the combination of being located far from a creek, grazed and situated at low elevation with accompanying high salinity resulted in development of the secondary pioneer marsh community.

Conclusions

Using target species as criteria, restoration success could be claimed 10\uffc2\uffa0yr after de\uffe2\uff80\uff90embankment. However, the diversity of communities in the salt marsh was lower than desired. Variable grazing regimes should be applied to high\uffe2\uff80\uff90elevation areas to prevent dominance by single species of tall grasses and to promote formation of vegetation mosaics. Low\uffe2\uff80\uff90elevation areas need lower grazing pressure. Also, an adequate soil drainage network should be preserved or constructed in low\uffe2\uff80\uff90elevation areas before de\uffe2\uff80\uff90embankment.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Salinity", "LAND", "Managed realignment", "Artificial saltmarsh", "NETHERLANDS", "Soil redox", "WADDEN SEA", "Soil drainage", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Long-term study", "COLONIZATION", "Grazing", "Halophytes", "Elevation", "14. Life underwater", "MANAGED REALIGNMENT", "ELEVATION", "SCALE"], "contacts": [{"organization": "R.M. Veeneklaas, Petra Daniels, Jan P. Bakker, E. R. Chang, Peter Esselink,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/avsc.12195"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Vegetation%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/avsc.12195", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/avsc.12195", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/avsc.12195"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-08-20T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/gcb.12964", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:20:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-05-06", "title": "Vegetation Shift From Deciduous To Evergreen Dwarf Shrubs In Response To Selective Herbivory Offsets Carbon Losses: Evidence From 19years Of Warming And Simulated Herbivory In The Subarctic Tundra", "description": "Abstract

Selective herbivory of palatable plant species provides a competitive advantage for unpalatable plant species, which often have slow growth rates and produce slowly decomposable litter. We hypothesized that through a shift in the vegetation community from palatable, deciduous dwarf shrubs to unpalatable, evergreen dwarf shrubs, selective herbivory may counteract the increased shrub abundance that is otherwise found in tundra ecosystems, in turn interacting with the responses of ecosystem carbon (C) stocks and CO2 balance to climatic warming. We tested this hypothesis in a 19\uffe2\uff80\uff90year field experiment with factorial treatments of warming and simulated herbivory on the dominant deciduous dwarf shrub Vaccinium\uffc2\uffa0myrtillus. Warming was associated with a significantly increased vegetation abundance, with the strongest effect on deciduous dwarf shrubs, resulting in greater rates of both gross ecosystem production (GEP) and ecosystem respiration (ER) as well as increased C stocks. Simulated herbivory increased the abundance of evergreen dwarf shrubs, most importantly Empetrum nigrum ssp. hermaphroditum, which led to a recent shift in the dominant vegetation from deciduous to evergreen dwarf shrubs. Simulated herbivory caused no effect on GEP and ER or the total ecosystem C stocks, indicating that the vegetation shift counteracted the herbivore\uffe2\uff80\uff90induced C loss from the system. A larger proportion of the total ecosystem C stock was found aboveground, rather than belowground, in plots treated with simulated herbivory. We conclude that by providing a competitive advantage to unpalatable plant species with slow growth rates and long life spans, selective herbivory may promote aboveground C stocks in a warming tundra ecosystem and, through this mechanism, counteract C losses that result from plant biomass consumption.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "570", "Empetrum nigrum ssp. hermaphroditum", "Biodiversity", "carbon storage", "15. Life on land", "herbivores", "Global Warming", "01 natural sciences", "Carbon Cycle", "Magnoliopsida", "climate change", "13. Climate action", "grazing", "Vaccinium myrtillus L", "Biomass", "Herbivory", "CO2 flux", "Tundra", "ta119", "Finland"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12964"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/gcb.12964", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/gcb.12964", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/gcb.12964"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-06-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/gcb.13431", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:20:36Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-07-14", "title": "Grazing intensity significantly affects belowground carbon and nitrogen cycling in grassland ecosystems: a meta-analysis", "description": "Abstract

Livestock grazing activities potentially alter ecosystem carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycles in grassland ecosystems. Despite the fact that numerous individual studies and a few meta\uffe2\uff80\uff90analyses had been conducted, how grazing, especially its intensity, affects belowground C and N cycling in grasslands remains unclear. In this study, we performed a comprehensive meta\uffe2\uff80\uff90analysis of 115 published studies to examine the responses of 19 variables associated with belowground C and N cycling to livestock grazing in global grasslands. Our results showed that, on average, grazing significantly decreased belowground C and N pools in grassland ecosystems, with the largest decreases in microbial biomass C and N (21.62% and 24.40%, respectively). In contrast, belowground fluxes, including soil respiration, soil net N mineralization and soil N nitrification increased by 4.25%, 34.67% and 25.87%, respectively, in grazed grasslands compared to ungrazed ones. More importantly, grazing intensity significantly affected the magnitude (even direction) of changes in the majority of the assessed belowground C and N pools and fluxes, and C\uffc2\uffa0:\uffc2\uffa0N ratio as well as soil moisture. Specifically,light grazing contributed to soil C and N sequestration whereas moderate and heavy grazing significantly increased C and N losses. In addition, soil depth, livestock type and climatic conditions influenced the responses of selected variables to livestock grazing to some degree. Our findings highlight the importance of the effects of grazing intensity on belowground C and N cycling, which may need to be incorporated into regional and global models for predicting effects of human disturbance on global grasslands and assessing the climate\uffe2\uff80\uff90biosphere feedbacks.

", "keywords": ["Carbon sequestration", "Mineralization", "Livestock", "Nitrogen", "Soil microbial biomass", "Poaceae", "333", "Carbon Cycle", "Soil", "Animals", "mineralization", "Herbivory", "FoR 06 (Biological Sciences)", "Ecosystem", "2. Zero hunger", "Science & Technology", "Ecology", "050205 Environmental Management", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Nitrogen Cycle", "15. Life on land", "carbon sequestration", "Grassland", "soil microbial biomass", "Carbon", "Environmental sciences", "Biological sciences", "Heavy grazing", "13. Climate action", "heavy grazing", "CO2 emission", "Biodiversity Conservation", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "FoR 05 (Environmental Sciences)", "Life Sciences & Biomedicine"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13431"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/gcb.13431", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/gcb.13431", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/gcb.13431"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-09-22T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/sum.12176", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:21:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-03-04", "title": "Impact Of Cattle Grazing On Temperate Coastal Salt Marsh Soils", "description": "Abstract

Over the last two decades, grazing intensity has increased in the temperate salt marshes of Samboromb\uffc3\uffb3n Bay (Argentina) due to agricultural expansion and the displacement of domestic livestock to these areas. We investigated the effect of cattle grazing on soil chemical and physical properties in the higher (HE), medium (ME) and lower (LE) elevation levels of this temperate salt marsh. Soil data were collected from both a National Park, where cattle grazing has been excluded for more than 35\uffc2\uffa0yrs, and an adjacent commercial livestock farm continuously grazed by cattle. We found that soil salinity was greater on the grazed than on the ungrazed sites, especially those in theMEandLE. This could be related to the upward flow of salts from the saline groundwater, driven by the increase in the proportion of bare soil on grazed sites. The increase in soil salinity changed the plant community structure through the increase of salt\uffe2\uff80\uff90tolerant and non\uffe2\uff80\uff90palatable species and the decrease of palatable species. Soil physical variables (soil bulk density and soil bearing capacity) were also higher on the grazed than on the ungrazed sites, which can be related to the decrease in soil organic matter (SOM), and suggest an incipient compaction process; however, the values were still lower than those considered critical for plant growth in clay soils. These results suggest that continuous grazing management in this temperate salt marsh might have negative consequences for animal production and ecosystem conservation, mainly related to the increased soil salinity. Further research will be necessary to evaluate the suitability of switching to intermittent grazing management.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Salinity", "Bearing Capacity", "Compaction", "Cattle Grazing", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "https://purl.org/becyt/ford/4.5", "13. Climate action", "Salt Marsh Soils", "Soil Bulk Density", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "https://purl.org/becyt/ford/4", "14. Life underwater"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/sum.12176"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Use%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/sum.12176", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/sum.12176", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/sum.12176"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-03-04T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1751-8369.2010.00154.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:21:02Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-03-26", "title": "Cold-Season Soil Respiration In Response To Grazing And Warming In High-Arctic Svalbard", "description": "Open AccessThis study was funded by: the University Centre in Svalbard, Longyearbyen, Norway; Oticon Fonden; Loef\ufb02er; Stennsbys Travel Fond; and the Danish Natural Science Research Council.", "keywords": ["Spitsbergen", "SOC turnover", "13. Climate action", "Tundra vegetation", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Soil respiration", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Warming", "15. Life on land", "Goose grazing"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-8369.2010.00154.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Polar%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1751-8369.2010.00154.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1751-8369.2010.00154.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1751-8369.2010.00154.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/jvs.12317", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:21:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-06-24", "title": "Large Herbivores Change The Direction Of Interactions Within Plant Communities Along A Salt Marsh Stress Gradient", "description": "AbstractQuestion

How multiple abiotic stress factors combined with herbivory affect interactions within plant communities is poorly understood. We ask how large herbivore grazing affects the direction of plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93plant interactions along an environmental gradient in a salt marsh.

Location

Grazed (cattle) and ungrazed salt marshes of the Dutch Wadden Sea island Schiermonnikoog. Here, patches of tall plant communities, dominated by the tough, unpalatable species Juncus maritimus Lam., are found alternating with low\uffe2\uff80\uff90statured, intensively grazed plant communities.

Methods

Along the inundation gradient, we measured plant species composition and plant species traits (specific leaf area, specific root length, maximum height and abundance) inside and outside J.\uffc2\uffa0maritimus patches in grazed and ungrazed areas. In addition, we measured soil structure parameters (bulk density, soil porosity, clay depth), multiple limiting conditions for plant growth (soil salinity, soil redox, plant canopy light interception), plant biomass, presence of herbivores and abundance of soil macro\uffe2\uff80\uff90detritivores.

Results

Under grazing, the palatable grasses Elytrigia atherica (Link) Kergu\uffc3\uffa9len and Festuca rubra L. were positively associated with J.\uffc2\uffa0maritimus, while shade\uffe2\uff80\uff90intolerant Puccinellia maritima (Huds.) Parl. and Juncus gerardii\uffc2\uffa0 Loisel. were negatively associated with this species. Furthermore, macro\uffe2\uff80\uff90detritivore presence was higher inside J.\uffc2\uffa0maritimus patches. In ungrazed areas E.\uffc2\uffa0atherica and F.\uffc2\uffa0rubra were negatively associated with J.\uffc2\uffa0maritimus, while P.\uffc2\uffa0maritima and J.\uffc2\uffa0gerardii were rare. In both grazed and ungrazed conditions the directions of species associations were independent of the inundation gradient. Analysis of species traits and abiotic conditions suggested that associational resistance (a facilitation type) was important in grazed areas. In ungrazed areas, light competition was the likely dominant process.

Conclusions

The direction of species associations within these salt marsh communities was strongly affected by grazing, not by the underlying stress gradient. Measurement of species traits indicated that plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93plant interactions shifted from competitive to facilitative under grazing. Besides grazing, cross\uffe2\uff80\uff90trophic facilitation of soil disturbing macro\uffe2\uff80\uff90detritivores may play an important \uffe2\uff80\uff93 thus far ignored \uffe2\uff80\uff93 role in structuring plant communities.

", "keywords": ["Plant traits", "2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "Salt marsh", "Macro-detritivores", "SUCCESSION", "Stress gradient hypothesis", "PREDICTIONS", "COMPETITION", "HALOPHYTES", "15. Life on land", "ALKALI GRASSLANDS", "FACILITATION", "01 natural sciences", "POSITIVE SPECIES INTERACTIONS", "Grazing", "Plant-plant interactions", "FUNCTIONAL TRAITS", "Trampling", "Orchestia gammarellus Pallas. 1766", "BIOTURBATION", "Facilitation", "Juncus maritimus Lam.", "VEGETATION", "Multiple stressors"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/jvs.12317"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Vegetation%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/jvs.12317", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/jvs.12317", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/jvs.12317"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-06-24T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1126/science.abq4062", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:21:13Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-11-24", "title": "Grazing and ecosystem service delivery in global drylands", "description": "

Grazing represents the most extensive use of land worldwide. Yet its impacts on ecosystem services remain uncertain because pervasive interactions between grazing pressure, climate, soil properties, and biodiversity may occur but have never been addressed simultaneously. Using a standardized survey at 98 sites across six continents, we show that interactions between grazing pressure, climate, soil, and biodiversity are critical to explain the delivery of fundamental ecosystem services across drylands worldwide. Increasing grazing pressure reduced ecosystem service delivery in warmer and species-poor drylands, whereas positive effects of grazing were observed in colder and species-rich areas. Considering interactions between grazing and local abiotic and biotic factors is key for understanding the fate of dryland ecosystems under climate change and increasing human pressure.

", "keywords": ["[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "570", "Ecosystem services (ES)", "Livestock", "Climate", "Climate Change", "Wild", "630", "Dryland", "Soil", "SDG-02: Zero hunger", "XXXXXX - Unknown", "Climate change", "Humans", "Ecosystem services", "grazing", "Herbivory", "14. Life underwater", "climate", "Institut f\u00fcr Biochemie und Biologie", "Ecosystem", "biodiversity", "SDG-15: Life on land", "2. Zero hunger", "Systems", "Drylands", "Qu\u00edmica", "Biodiversity", "15. Life on land", "Grazing", "13. Climate action", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "ddc:570", "ecosystem services", "Rangeland"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abq4062"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1126/science.abq4062", "name": "item", "description": "10.1126/science.abq4062", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1126/science.abq4062"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-11-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1186/s13750-022-00257-z", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:21:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-01-31", "title": "What are the effects of herbivore diversity on tundra ecosystems? A systematic review protocol", "description": "Abstract Background

Changes in the diversity of herbivore communities can strongly influence the functioning of northern ecosystems. Different herbivores have different impacts on ecosystems because of differences in their diets, behaviour and energy requirements. The combined effects of different herbivores can in some cases compensate each other but lead to stronger directional changes elsewhere. However, the diversity of herbivore assemblages has until recently been a largely overlooked dimension of plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93herbivore interactions. Given the ongoing environmental changes in tundra ecosystems, with increased influx of boreal species and changes in the distribution and abundance of arctic herbivores, a better understanding of the consequences of changes in the diversity of herbivore assemblages is needed. This protocol presents the methodology that will be used in a systematic review on the effects of herbivore diversity on different processes, functions and properties of tundra ecosystems.

Methods

This systematic review builds on an earlier systematic map on herbivory studies in the Arctic that identified a relatively large number of studies assessing the effects of multiple herbivores. The systematic review will include primary field studies retrieved from databases, search engines and specialist websites, that compare responses of tundra ecosystems to different levels of herbivore diversity, including both vertebrate and invertebrate herbivores. We will use species richness of herbivores or the richness of functional groups of herbivores as a measure of the diversity of the herbivore assemblages. Studies will be screened in three stages: title, abstract and full text, and inclusion will follow clearly identified eligibility criteria, based on their target population, exposure, comparator and study design. The review will cover terrestrial Arctic ecosystems including the forest-tundra ecotone. Potential outcomes will include multiple processes, functions and properties of tundra ecosystems related to primary productivity, nutrient cycling, accumulation and dynamics of nutrient pools, as well as the impacts of herbivores on other organisms. Studies will be critically appraised for validity, and where studies report similar outcomes, meta-analysis will be performed.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Browsing", "Plant\u2013herbivore interaction", "Systematic Review Protocol", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Herbivore assemblage", "Environmental sciences", "Grazing", "Ecology", " evolutionary biology", "Defoliation", "13. Climate action", "Ecosystem function", "GE1-350", "14. Life underwater", "Species richness"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s13750-022-00257-z.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s13750-022-00257-z"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Evidence", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1186/s13750-022-00257-z", "name": "item", "description": "10.1186/s13750-022-00257-z", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1186/s13750-022-00257-z"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-01-31T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1371/journal.pone.0109063", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:21:39Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-10-14", "title": "Managing Semi-Arid Rangelands For Carbon Storage: Grazing And Woody Encroachment Effects On Soil Carbon And Nitrogen", "description": "Open AccessHigh grazing intensity and wide-spread woody encroachment may strongly alter soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) pools. However, the direction and quantity of these changes have rarely been quantified in East African savanna ecosystem. As shifts in soil C and N pools might further potentially influence climate change mitigation, we quantified and compared soil organic carbon (SOC) and total soil nitrogen (TSN) content in enclosures and communal grazing lands across varying woody cover i.e. woody encroachment levels. Estimated mean SOC and TSN stocks at 0-40 cm depth varied across grazing regimes and among woody encroachment levels. The open grazing land at the heavily encroached site on sandy loam soil contained the least SOC (30 \u00b1 2.1 Mg ha-1) and TSN (5 \u00b1 0.57 Mg ha-1) while the enclosure at the least encroached site on sandy clay soil had the greatest mean SOC (81.0 \u00b1 10.6 Mg ha-1) and TSN (9.2 \u00b1 1.48 Mg ha-1). Soil OC and TSN did not differ with grazing exclusion at heavily encroached sites, but were twice as high inside enclosure compared to open grazing soils at low encroached sites. Mean SOC and TSN in soils of 0-20 cm depth were up to 120% higher than that of the 21-40 cm soil layer. Soil OC was positively related to TSN, cation exchange capacity (CEC), but negatively related to sand content. Our results show that soil OC and TSN stocks are affected by grazing, but the magnitude is largely influenced by woody encroachment and soil texture. We suggest that improving the herbaceous layer cover through a reduction in grazing and woody encroachment restriction are the key strategies for reducing SOC and TSN losses and, hence, for climate change mitigation in semi-arid rangelands.", "keywords": ["Cation-exchange capacity", "01 natural sciences", "nitrogen", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Soil", "Biodiversity Conservation and Ecosystem Management", "Soil water", "Rangeland Degradation and Pastoral Livelihoods", "2. Zero hunger", "Ecology", "Q", "R", "Life Sciences", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Wood", "Soil carbon", "Droughts", "Grazing", "climate change", "Physical Sciences", "Medicine", "Rangeland", "Research Article", "Conservation of Natural Resources", "Nitrogen", "Science", "Plant Development", "Soil Science", "Management", " Monitoring", " Policy and Law", "Environmental science", "soil", "savannas", "Animals", "grazing", "Agroforestry", "Woody plant", "Soil Carbon Sequestration", "Biology", "Ecosystem", "Nature and Landscape Conservation", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "ecosystem", "Soil science", "Soil Fertility", "carbon", "Research Subject Categories::NATURAL SCIENCES", "Feeding Behavior", "15. Life on land", "Carbon", "Loam", "Agronomy", "13. Climate action", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Environmental Science", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Soil Carbon Dynamics and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0109063"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PLOS%20ONE", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1371/journal.pone.0109063", "name": "item", "description": "10.1371/journal.pone.0109063", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1371/journal.pone.0109063"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-10-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1590/s0100-06832010000300013", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:21:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-04-15", "title": "Physical Quality Of A Yellow Latossol Under Integrated Crop-Livestock System", "description": "

Soil physical quality is essential to global sustainability of agroecosystems, once it is related to processes that are essential to agricultural crop development. This study aimed to evaluate physical attributes of a Yellow Latossol under different management systems in the savanna area in the state of Piaui. This study was developed in Uru\uffc3\uffa7u\uffc3\uffad southwest of the state of Piau\uffc3\uffad. Three systems of soil management were studied: an area under conventional tillage (CT) with disk plowi and heavy harrow and soybean crop; an area under no-tillage with soybean-maize rotation and millet as cover crop (NT + M); two areas under Integrated Crop-Livestock System, with five-month pasture grazing and soybean cultivation and then continuous pasture grazing (ICL + S and ICL + P, respectively). Also, an area under Native Forest (NF) was studied. The soil depths studied were 0.00-0.05, 0.05-0.10 and 0.10-0.20 m. Soil bulk density, as well as porosity and stability of soil aggregates were analyzed as physical attributes. Anthropic action has changed the soil physical attributes, in depth, in most systems studied, in comparison to NF. In the 0.00 to 0.05 m depth, ICL + P showed higher soil bulk density value. As to macroporosity, there was no difference between the management systems studied and NF. The management systems studied changed the soil structure, having, as a result, a small proportion of soil in great aggregate classes (MWD). Converting native forest into agricultural production systems changes the soil physical quality. The Integrated Crop-Livestock System did not promote the improvement in soil physical quality.

", "keywords": ["compacta\u00e7\u00e3o do solo", "soil compaction", "plantio direto", "pisoteio animal", "no-tillage system", "pastagem", "pasture grazing", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "animal trampling"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1590/s0100-06832010000300013"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Revista%20Brasileira%20de%20Ci%C3%AAncia%20do%20Solo", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1590/s0100-06832010000300013", "name": "item", "description": "10.1590/s0100-06832010000300013", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1590/s0100-06832010000300013"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.17221/445/2015-pse", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:22:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-05-26", "description": "Soil nitrogen (N) cycling is an important factor in terrestrial ecosystems, including grasslands. Understanding the effects of grazing on nitrogen cycling in grassland ecosystems is critical for better management and for improving knowledge of the mechanisms underlying grassland degradation and can provide basic information for sustainable development in grassland ecosystems. In this study, in situ incubation in intact soil cores was used to measure seasonal changes in soil nitrogen mineralization and nitrification in the meadow steppe of the Hulunber grasslands of northeastern China. Soil plots were subjected to varying intensities of cattle grazing, and soil characteristics including several aspects of the nitrogen cycle were analysed. The findings demonstrate that soil inorganic N pools and nitrogen mineralization peaked in August and that moderate grazing intensity produced higher seasonal mean net N mineralization (Amin); net nitrogen mineralization rate (Rmin); net ammonification rate (Ramm) and net nitrification rate (Rnit). Seasonal mean net mineralization rate was increased by 6-15% in the lightly and moderately grazed plots (0.34-0.46 AU cow/ha) and by 4-5% in the heavily grazed plots (0.69-0.92 AU cow/ha). Also it was found that soil moisture was significantly positively correlated with inorganic N, Amin, Ramm and Rmin and significantly negatively correlated with Rnit, while soil temperature exhibited the opposite effect. The obtained results demonstrated net nitrogen mineralization and ammonium rates, which were strongly linked to grazing intensity, soil temperature and soil moisture.", "keywords": ["Plant culture", "nutrient cycling", "inorganic nitrogen", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "nitrogen", "SB1-1110", "grazing intensity", "climate change", "nutrient cycling in ecosystems", "environmental factors", "terrestrial ecosystem", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "ecosystems", "climate"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.agriculturejournals.cz/publicFiles/184724.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.17221/445/2015-pse"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%2C%20Soil%20and%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.17221/445/2015-pse", "name": "item", "description": "10.17221/445/2015-pse", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.17221/445/2015-pse"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-05-31T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.17221/7/2011-pse", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:22:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-02-10", "title": "Grazing Depresses Soil Carbon Storage Through Changing Plant Biomass And Composition In A Tibetan Alpine Meadow", "description": "Grazing-induced variations in vegetation may either accelerate or reduce soil carbon storage through changes in litter quantity and quality. Here, a three-year field study (2005-2007) was conducted in Tibetan alpine meadow to address the responses of surface soil (0-15 cm) organic carbon (SOC) storage in the plant growing season (from May to September) to varying grazing intensity (represented by the residual aboveground biomass, with G0, G1, G2, and G3 standing for 100%, 66%, 55%, and 30% biomass residual, respectively), and to explore whether grazing-induced vegetation changes depress or facilitate SOC storage. Our results showed that: (i) Higher grazing intensity resulted in lower biomass of grasses and sedges, lower root biomass, and in a change in plant community composition from palatable grasses and sedges to less palatable forbs. (ii) Increased grazing reduced the SOC content and storage with only G3 showing an SOC loss during the plant growing season. (iii) Soil organic carbon storage exhibited a highly positive correlation with the residual aboveground biomass and root biomass. Our results imply that a grazing-induced reduction in plant biomass productivity and changes in species composition would depress soil carbon storage, and that an increase in grazing pressure can lead to a gradual change of alpine meadow soils from being 'carbon sinks' to become 'carbon sources'.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Plant culture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "SB1-1110", "root biomass", "ground cover", "summer pasture", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "grazing management", "soil carbon loss"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.17221/7/2011-pse"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%2C%20Soil%20and%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.17221/7/2011-pse", "name": "item", "description": "10.17221/7/2011-pse", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.17221/7/2011-pse"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-06-30T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1890/03-0475", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:22:11Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-06-06", "title": "Effects Of Past Land Use On Spatial Heterogeneity Of Soil Nutrients In Southern Appalachian Forests", "description": "

We examined patterns of nutrient heterogeneity in the mineral soil (0\uffe2\uff80\uff9315 cm depth) of 13 southern Appalachian forest stands in western North Carolina >60 yr after abandonment from pasture or timber harvest to investigate the long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term effects of land use on the spatial distribution and supply of soil resources. We measured soil carbon (C), nitrogen (N), acid\uffe2\uff80\uff90extractable phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg) concentrations and pools, and potential net N mineralization and nitrification rates to evaluate differences in mean values, variance at multiple scales, and fine\uffe2\uff80\uff90scale spatial structure.

While comparisons of averaged values rarely indicated that historical land use had an enduring effect on mineral soil or N cycling, differences in variance and spatial structure suggested that former activities continue to influence nutrient distributions by altering their spatial heterogeneity. Patterns differed by element, but generally variance of soil C, N, and Ca decreased and variance of soil P, K, and Mg increased with intensive past land use. Changes in variance were most conspicuous and consistent locally (<28 m), but C, Ca, P, and Mg also exhibited appreciable differences in variance at coarser scales (>150 m). High variability in soil compaction resulted in some changes in scale\uffe2\uff80\uff90dependent patterns of nutrient pool variance compared with nutrient concentration variance. It also affected the variance of N cycling rates, such that mass\uffe2\uff80\uff90based rates varied less and area\uffe2\uff80\uff90based rates varied more in intensively used areas than in reference stands. Geostatistical analysis suggested that past land use homogenized the spatial structure of soil C, K, and P in former pastures. In contrast, logged stands had highly variable spatial patterning for Ca.

These results suggest that land use has persistent, multi\uffe2\uff80\uff90decadal effects on the spatial heterogeneity of soil resources, which may not be detectable when values are averaged across sites. By interacting with patterns of variability in the plant and heterotrophic biota, differences in nutrient distribution and supply could alter the composition and diversity of forest ecosystems. Scale\uffe2\uff80\uff90dependent changes in nutrient heterogeneity could also complicate efforts to determine biogeochemical budgets and cycling rates.

", "keywords": ["Statistics and Probability", "2. Zero hunger", "570", "land-use history", "550", "carbon", "forest ecosystem recovery", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "cations", "logging", "nitrogen", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "grazing", "phosphorus", "semivariograms", "Biology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1890/03-0475"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecological%20Monographs", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1890/03-0475", "name": "item", "description": "10.1890/03-0475", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1890/03-0475"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1890/04-0268", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:22:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-06-06", "title": "Multi-Decadal Impacts Of Grazing On Soil Physical And Biogeochemical Properties In Southeast Utah", "description": "Many soils in southeastern Utah are protected from surface disturbance by biological soil crusts that stabilize soils and reduce erosion by wind and water. When these crusts are disturbed by land use, soils become susceptible to erosion. In this study, we compare a never-grazed grassland in Canyonlands National Park with two historically grazed sites with similar geologic, geomorphic, and geochemical characteristics that were grazed from the late 1800s until 1974. We show that, despite almost 30 years without livestock grazing, surface soils in the historically grazed sites have 38\u201343% less silt, as well as 14\u2013 51% less total elemental soil Mg, Na, P, and Mn content relative to soils never exposed to livestock disturbances. Using magnetic measurement of soil magnetite content (a proxy for the stabilization of far-traveled eolian dust) we suggest that the differences in Mg, Na, P, and Mn are related to wind erosion of soil fine particles after the historical disturbance by livestock grazing. Historical grazing may also lead to changes in soil organic matter content including declines of 60\u201370% in surface soil C and N relative to the never-grazed sites. Collectively, the differences in soil C and N content and the evidence for substantial rock-derived nutrient loss to wind erosion implies that livestock grazing could have long-lasting effects on the soil fertility of native grasslands in this part of southeastern Utah. This study suggests that nutrient loss due to wind erosion of soils should be a consideration for management decisions related to the long-term sustainability of grazing operations in arid environments.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "biogeochemical properties", "13. Climate action", "Utah", "Natural Resources and Conservation", "grazing", "15. Life on land", "impacts", "01 natural sciences", "Environmental Sciences", "soil", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Jason C. Neff, Jason C. Neff, Paul J. Lamothe, Richard L. Reynolds, Jayne Belnap,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1890/04-0268"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecological%20Applications", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1890/04-0268", "name": "item", "description": "10.1890/04-0268", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1890/04-0268"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3354/meps11447", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:23:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-08-06", "title": "Ecosystem Engineering By Large Grazers Enhances Carbon Stocks In A Tidal Salt Marsh", "description": "

Grazers can have a large impact on ecosystem processes and are known to change vegetation composition. However, knowledge of how the long-term presence of grazers affects soil carbon sequestration is limited. In this study, we estimated total accumulated organic carbon in soils of a back-barrier salt marsh and determined how this is affected by long-term grazing by both small and large grazers in relation to age of the ecosystem. In young marshes, where small grazers predominate, hare and geese have a limited effect on total accumulated organic carbon. In older, mature marshes, where large grazers predominate, cattle substantially enhanced carbon content in the marsh soil. We ascribe this to a shift in biomass distribution in the local vegetation towards the roots in combination with trampling effects on the soil chemistry. These large grazers thus act as ecosystem engineers: their known effect on soil compaction (based on a previous study) enhances anoxic conditions in the marsh soil, thereby reducing the oxygen available for organic carbon decomposition by the local microbial community. This study showed that the indirect effects of grazing can significantly enhance soil carbon storage through changing soil abiotic conditions. This process should be taken into account when estimating the role of ecosystems in reducing carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere. Ultimately, we propose a testable conceptual framework that includes 3 pathways by which grazers can alter carbon storage: (1) through above-ground biomass removal, (2) through alteration of biomass distribution towards the roots and/or (3) by changing soil abiotic conditions that affect decomposition.

", "keywords": ["Carbon sequestration", "0106 biological sciences", "IMPACT", "SEA-LEVEL RISE", "01 natural sciences", "Coastal wetland", "Climate change", "Biology", "Soil compaction", "Succession", "VEGETATION SUCCESSION", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "CLIMATE-CHANGE", "WETLAND SOILS", "WADDEN SEA", "15. Life on land", "PRODUCTIVITY GRADIENT", "6. Clean water", "Chemistry", "Grazing", "ORGANIC-MATTER", "NORTH-SEA", "REDOX OSCILLATION", "13. Climate action", "Redox potential"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.3354/meps11447"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Marine%20Ecology%20Progress%20Series", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3354/meps11447", "name": "item", "description": "10.3354/meps11447", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3354/meps11447"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-10-14T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.20944/preprints202304.0088.v1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:22:18Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-04-07", "title": "A Review of Permanent Grassland Grazing Management Practices and the Impacts on Principal Soil Quality Indicators", "description": "

Grasslands are at risk of degradation due to unsustainable management practices and climate change. Sustainable grassland soil management can promote ecosystem service delivery and improve the resilience of the entire grassland ecosystem to anthropogenic change. Here, we re-view the principal soil quality indicators (SQIs) and how they have been used to evaluate the sustainability of different grassland management practices globally. We then discuss sustainable grazing management practices, before reviewing some novel grassland species which may im-prove grassland resilience with relevance for grassland management in Europe and the UK. We also give an overview of current sustainable grassland management methods and their assessment at field scale. From this, we suggest that sustainable Grazing Management Plans (GMPs), together with the testing of drought-resistant grass species and appropriate SQIs monitoring, is key to increasing resilience of grassland ecosystems to anthropogenic change.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "330", "S", "QH301 Biology", "soil quality indicators; grazing management; ecosystem services; permanent grasslands; management practices", "Agriculture", "15. Life on land", "12. Responsible consumption", "Permanent grasslands", "permanent grasslands", "QH301", "Soil quality indicators", "13. Climate action", "SDG 13 - Climate Action", "agricultural_science_and_agronomy_16", "management practices", "Ecosystem services", "Grazing management", "soil quality indicators", "grazing management", "ecosystem services"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://iris.unito.it/bitstream/2318/1910970/1/A53%20Grassland%20erosion%20Agronomy.pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/5/1366/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202304.0088.v1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.20944/preprints202304.0088.v1", "name": "item", "description": "10.20944/preprints202304.0088.v1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.20944/preprints202304.0088.v1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-04-06T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2478/botcro-2014-0003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:22:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-07-02", "description": "Abstract

Optimal grazing pressure on rocky pastures is beneficial to the development of plant species and maintenance of plant diversity. Both abandonment of grazing and overgrazing gradually reduce plant diversity. This paper correlated abundance patterns of the flora on rocky pastures with the values of the chemical composition of the soil resulting from the degree of sheep grazing intensity. The study was carried out in the period from 2008 to 2010 on the islands of Pag, Krk and Cres. At 30 sites, 310 taxa of vascular plants were found. The highest plant diversity and 220 plant taxa were found on moderately grazed pastures. Abandoned pastures with a total of 93 plant taxa observed show the dominance of phanerophytes (35.5%) and the highest proportion of the Mediterranean floral element when compared to pastures of moderate and heavy grazing intensity. The highest concentration of total nitrogen in the soil (0.71%) was recorded on plots of heavy grazing intensity. The results of the study indicate that moderate grazing intensity, from 1 to 1.5 sheep ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921, can be recommended on the northern Adriatic islands. This should contribute not only to the preservation of plant diversity, but also to the improvement of ecological sheep farming.

", "keywords": ["chemical composition of the soil; Mediterranean flora; rocky pasture; sheep grazing intesity", "0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "Mediterranean flora", "sheep grazing intesity", "chemical composition of the soil", "rocky pasture", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2478/botcro-2014-0003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Acta%20Botanica%20Croatica", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2478/botcro-2014-0003", "name": "item", "description": "10.2478/botcro-2014-0003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2478/botcro-2014-0003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-10-28T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/ijerph15112584", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:23:25Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-11-21", "title": "Effects Of Different Grazing Intensities On Soil C, N, And P In An Alpine Meadow On The Qinghaitibetan Plateau, China", "description": "

Inappropriate grazing management is one of the most common causes of grassland degradation, and thus, an assessment of soil properties under different grazing intensities is critical for understanding its effects on ecosystem nutrient cycling and for formulating appropriate management strategies. However, the responses of certain main elements, including soil carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus, to grazing in alpine meadow ecosystems remain insufficiently clarified. Here, we measured carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus contents in the topmost 30 cm of soil in an alpine meadow under three grazing intensities (light, moderate, and heavy) and found clear differences in soil physical and chemical properties among different grazing intensities and soil layers. As grazing intensity increased, soil water content, carbon and nitrogen contents and stocks, and carbon to phosphorus and nitrogen to phosphorus ratios decreased, whereas soil bulk density increased. However, soil phosphorus and carbon to nitrogen ratio remained stable. Our findings highlight the negative impacts of heavy grazing intensity, in terms of soil carbon and nitrogen loss and phosphorus mineralization. Moreover, we emphasize that further related studies are necessary to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the effects of grazing on grassland ecosystems, and thereby provide information for sustainable management practices and eco-compensation policies.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "China", "Livestock", "Nitrogen", "soil nitrogen", "Phosphorus", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Grassland", "Article", "Carbon", "12. Responsible consumption", "grazing intensity", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "soil phosphorus", "Animals", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "alpine meadow", "Biomass", "Herbivory", "soil carbon", "Environmental Monitoring"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/15/11/2584/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15112584"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/International%20Journal%20of%20Environmental%20Research%20and%20Public%20Health", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/ijerph15112584", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/ijerph15112584", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/ijerph15112584"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-11-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10261/362037", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:28:18Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-02-01", "title": "Interplay between Livestock Grazing and Aridity on the Ecological and Nutritional Value of Forage in Semi-arid Mediterranean Rangelands (NE Spain)", "description": "Abstract

Rangeland-based livestock production constitutes a primary source of livelihood for many inhabitants of dryland regions. Their subsistence relies heavily on maintaining the productivity, biodiversity and services of these ecosystems. Harsh environmental conditions (e.g., drought) combined with land use intensification (e.g., overgrazing) make dryland ecosystems vulnerable and prone to degradation. However, the interplay between livestock grazing intensity and aridity conditions in driving the conservation and nutritional value of forage in arid and semi-arid rangelands is still not fully understood. In this study, we performed structural equation models (SEM) to assess the simultaneous direct and indirect effects of livestock grazing intensity and aridity level on community structure, diversity, biomass, forage production, forage C:N ratio and forage fiber composition in two semi-arid Mediterranean rangelands, NE Spain. Not surprisingly, we found that higher livestock grazing intensity led to lower community plant cover, especially when combined with higher aridity. However, both increasing grazing intensity and aridity were associated with higher forage production after one year of grazing exclusion. We did not find any adverse effect of livestock grazing on plant diversity, although plant species composition differed among grazing intensity levels. On the other hand, we found an aridity-driven trade-off in regard of the nutritional value of forage. Specifically, higher aridity was associated with a decrease in the least digestible fiber fraction (i.e., lignin) and an increase in forage C:N ratio. More interestingly, we found that livestock grazing modulated this trade-off by improving the overall forage nutritional value. Altogether, our results provide further insights into the management of semi-arid Mediterranean rangelands, pointing out that maintaining traditional rangeland-based livestock production may be a sustainable option as long as rangeland conservation (e.g., community plant cover) is not severely compromised.

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are determinant for the performance of plant communities and for the functionality of terrestrial ecosystems. In natural ecosystems, grazing can have a major impact on mycorrhizal fungi and consequently on plant growth. The objective of this study was to evaluate the statements referred above in Mediterranean arid areas in Tunisia. Root samples and rhizosphere soils of five dominant herbaceous plants were studied at six distinct arid sites differing on soil proprieties and grazing intensity. At each site, chemical and dynamic properties of the soil were characterized as well as the AMF colonization intensity and the soil functionality. Results showed that the mycorrhizal frequency and intensity and spore density, varied between plants in the same site and, for each plant, between sites and evidenced a positive effect of mycorrhized plants on soil microbial activity. Grazing and soil properties strongly affected AMF composition and the soil microbial and biochemical dynamics, which presented the lowest values at the sites with the highest grazing intensities. In conclusion, these results demonstrate that AMF improve soil biological properties, supporting the hypothesis that mycorrhiza and grazing compete for plant photosynthates, and highlight the importance of mycorrhizal symbiosis towards soil functionality under arid conditions.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "arid areas", "conserved areas", "QH301-705.5", "mycorrhiza", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi", "grazing", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "14. Life underwater", "Biology (General)", "15. Life on land", "biological properties"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/12/6/234/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/12/6/234/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/d12060234"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Diversity", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/d12060234", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/d12060234", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/d12060234"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-06-10T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5061/dryad.sn02v6x51", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "unspecified", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:24:11Z", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2025-08-10", "title": "Herbivore grazing mitigates the negative effects of nitrogen deposition on soil organic carbon in low-diversity grassland", "description": "1. Changes in soil carbon (C) sequestration in grassland ecosystems have important impacts on the global C cycle. As such, it is important that researchers better understand the underlying mechanisms affecting soil C. Increasing evidence has shown that atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition can cause dramatic changes in grassland soil C. It remains unclear whether herbivore grazing, a primary means to manage and utilize grassland resources, can regulate the effects of N deposition on soil C, and whether these effects are dependent on plant community diversity. 2. Here, we examined the joint effects of herbivore grazing and N-addition on soil organic C (SOC) stocks in two types of communities with low and high plant diversity, respectively. 3. Our results showed that the effects of N-addition and its combination with herbivore grazing on grassland SOC were inconsistent in the two types of communities. In the low-diversity community, N-addition greatly decreased SOC stocks, while grazing significantly increased it. Additionally, the grazing-induced increase in soil C stocks in presence of N-addition was so great that it completely counteracted the significant decline in SOC induced by N-addition. However, in the high-diversity community, we observed no effects of N-addition on SOC and grazing increased SOC only in the absence of N-addition and had no significant effect in presence of N-addition. 4. Synthesis and applications. Our study suggests that increased N deposition can trigger a remarkable reduction in soil C sequestration in grasslands with low plant diversity, but that herbivore grazing can offset this decline, which may help to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions caused by atmospheric N deposition. As a result, we suggest that moderate herbivore grazing should be considered as an effective grassland management measure for maintaining and improving grassland soil C sequestration as the increasing global change such as elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide, N deposition, and biodiversity losses threat.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "soil organic carbon", "global carbon cycle", "13. Climate action", "grassland management", "herbivore grazing", "atmospheric nitrogen deposition", "15. Life on land", "plant community composition"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Li, Guangyin, Cai, Jinting, Song, Xuxin, Pan, Xiaobin, Pan, Duofeng, Jiang, Shicheng, Sun, Jinyan, Zhang, Minna, Wang, Ling,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.sn02v6x51"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5061/dryad.sn02v6x51", "name": "item", "description": "10.5061/dryad.sn02v6x51", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5061/dryad.sn02v6x51"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-10-28T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/su71013500", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:23:39Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-10-01", "title": "Ghg Mitigation Potential Of Different Grazing Strategies In The United States Southern Great Plains", "description": "

The possibility of reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by ruminants using improved grazing is investigated by estimating GHG emissions for cow-calf farms under light continuous (LC), heavy continuous (HC) and rotational grazing, also known as multi-paddock (MP), management strategies in Southern Great Plain (SGP) using life cycle assessment (LCA). Our results indicated a GHG emission with these grazing treatments of 8034.90 kg\uffc2\uffb7CO2e\uffc2\uffb7calf\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffc2\uffb7year\uffe2\uff88\uff921 for cow-calf farms in SGP region, which is high, compared to that for other regions, due to the high percentage (79.6%) of enteric CH4 emissions caused by relatively lower feed quality on the unfertilized rangeland. Sensitivity analyses on MP grazing strategy showed that an increase in grass quality and digestibility could potentially reduce GHG emission by 30%. Despite higher GHG emissions on a per calf basis, net GHG emissions in SGP region are potentially negative when carbon (C) sequestration is taken into account. With net C emission rates of \uffe2\uff88\uff922002.8, \uffe2\uff88\uff921731.6 and \uffe2\uff88\uff9289.5 kg C ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffc2\uffb7year\uffe2\uff88\uff921 after converting from HC to MP, HC to LC and from LC to MP, our analysis indicated cow-calf farms converting from continuous to MP grazing in SGP region are likely net carbon sinks for decades.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "life cycle assessment", "greenhouse gas", "Southern Great Plains", "13. Climate action", "C sequestration", "11. Sustainability", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "rotational grazing", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Wang, Tong, Teague, W., Park, Seong, Bevers, Stan,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/7/10/13500/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/su71013500"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Sustainability", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/su71013500", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/su71013500", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/su71013500"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-09-30T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.4067/s0718-58392010000200007", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:23:49Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-12-27", "description": "Chilean livestock production systems have intensified over the last years, with increasing amounts of N fertilizer inputs creating the potentiality for environmental damage through N pollution of water and air, so that alternative production strategies have been developed to reduce such environmental impacts. This study assesses N losses under different grazing frequencies and intensities on permanent pasture (Lolium perenne L., Festuca arundinacea Schreb., Dactylis glomerata L., and Trifolium repens L.) on an Andisol in Southern Chile. Four grazing strategies were evaluated: frequent-heavy (FH), frequent-light (FL), infrequent-heavy (IH), infrequent-light (IL), and a no grazing control (C) treatment, and each with three replicates in a randomized complete block design. Results of the experiment indicate that N leaching losses were greater in the FH treatment (58.7 kg available N ha -1 ; p < 0.05) and with most of the leaching occurring in spring (39%). On average, N ammonia (NH3) losses were 10% greater in the frequent grazing treatments in relation to the infrequent grazing treatments, since there were no significant differences (P \u2264 0.05) among individual grazing events for FH, FL and IH. Results indicate that grazing frequency affects leaching losses while grazing intensity affects ammonia emissions from the grassland. Grazing with dairy cows in Southern Chile should consider this environmental constraint to ensure sustainable production over time.", "keywords": ["lixiviaci\u00f3n", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "amonio", "pastoreo", "01 natural sciences", "ammonium", "leaching", "nitrate", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "grazing", "NH3 volatilization", "volatilizaci\u00f3n de amoniaco", "nitrato", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-58392010000200007"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Chilean%20journal%20of%20agricultural%20research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.4067/s0718-58392010000200007", "name": "item", "description": "10.4067/s0718-58392010000200007", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.4067/s0718-58392010000200007"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.4067/s0718-95162011000400003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:23:50Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-01-09", "title": "Effects Of Grazing On The Soil Properties And C And N Storage In Relation To Biomass Allocation In An Alpine Meadow", "description": "Livestock grazing is one of the most important factors influencing the above-ground community composition and structure in a natural grassland ecosystem. Different grazing intensities also have the potential to alter soil C and N storage substantially in grasslands. We conducted a field community study and soil analyses to determine the effects of different grazing intensities on the above-ground community and soil properties in an alpine meadow on the Tibetan Plateau. Our results showed the following: (i) the vegetation height, coverage, and above-ground biomass significantly declined with increased grazing intensity, but the species richness reached the highest level in a moderate-grazing intensity meadow; (ii) grazing had a significant positive effect on soil properties in that the soil moisture content, soil organic carbon concentration, soil total nitrogen concentration, soil available nitrogen, soil total phosphorus, and soil available phosphorus significantly increased with increased grazing pressure; and (iii) soil C and N storage also significantly increased with increased grazing pressure; altogether, these increases had a significant positive cor relation with the increase of below-ground biomass allocation. Our results indicated that higher grazing intensity might have a potentially positive effect to increase the soil C and N storage in alpine meadows. However, from a long-term perspective, moderate grazing may help to achieve a balance between species diversity protection, livestock production and soil C and N management.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "grazing intensity", "13. Climate action", "carbon", "soil properties", "above-ground community", "alpine grassland", "biomass allocation", "15. Life on land", "nitrogen"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-95162011000400003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20soil%20science%20and%20plant%20nutrition", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.4067/s0718-95162011000400003", "name": "item", "description": "10.4067/s0718-95162011000400003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.4067/s0718-95162011000400003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.4067/s0718-95162012005000014", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:23:50Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-11-29", "description": "Grazing intensity is one of the most important factors influencing soil properties variations in rangeland ecosystem. This research aimed to study the features of soil properties under different grazing intensity in a Kobresia parva-meadow on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, China. Results showed that soil organic matter (SOM), soil organic carbon (SOC), and total nitrogen (N) significantly decreased with an increase grazing intensity and total and available potassium (K), and C/N ratio exhibited a similar pattern. However, there were not significant differences between warm-season pasture (WSP) and cool-season pasture (CSP). In addition, results indicated that soil P was a limited factor, and N was sensitive to grazing intensity in Kobresia parva alpine meadow grazing ecosystem. Therefore, our study demonstrated that soil properties, such as soil carbon and nitrogen, generally decreased with the increasing of grazing intensity in studied Kobresia parva-meadow on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.", "keywords": ["three-river headwaters region", "0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "biomass", "Grazing intensity", "soil properties", "15. Life on land", "Kobresia parva-meadow", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Dong, Q.M, Zhao, X.Q, Wu, G.L, Shi, J.J, Wang, Y.L, Sheng, L,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-95162012005000014"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20soil%20science%20and%20plant%20nutrition", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.4067/s0718-95162012005000014", "name": "item", "description": "10.4067/s0718-95162012005000014", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.4067/s0718-95162012005000014"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.4141/a03-034", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:23:51Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-04-24", "title": "Methane Emissions By Charolais Cows Grazing A Monospecific Pasture Of Timothy At Four Stages Of Maturity", "description": "

In order to examine the relationship between herbage maturity and methane (CH4) emission under conditions which minimized opportunities for selective grazing, six 8-yr-old, dry and early-pregnant Charolais cows [712 \uffc2\uffb1 22.7 kg liveweight (LW)] were grazed on a mono-specific pasture of timothy at four stages of maturity: early vegetative, heading, flowering, and senescence. Daily CH4 production was measured during 7 d using the sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) tracer-gas technique. Organic matter intake (OMI) was determined from fecal output estimated by Yb2O3 dosing and feed digestibility (OMD) estimated using a fecal N index. The OMD (%) decreased (P < 0.05) from 77.6 at early vegetative to 56.2 at senescence, but no cow effect upon OMD was observed. The OMI (14.8 g kg-1 LW) and CH4 production (273 g d-1) were higher (P < 0.05) at heading than at the other stages of maturity. The proportion of gross energy intake (GEI) lost in CH4 did not differ with maturity (mean 6.4% of GEI). Cow effects upon OMI and CH4 emission were significant (P < 0.05). CH4 production (g d-1) was not related to diet chemical composition or OMD, but was correlated with digestible neutral detergent fiber (NDF) intake (kg d-1) (r = 0.61, P < 0.01). Across all stages of maturity between-cow variation explained 54 to 70% of the total variation in CH4 production. Key words: Methane, cattle, animal variation, timothy, phenology, selective grazing

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "bovin", "timothy", "animal variation", "[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]", "0402 animal and dairy science", "variabilit\u00e9 animale", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "[INFO] Computer Science [cs]", "phenology", "fl\u00e9ole", "630", "ph\u00e9nologie", "[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]", "cattle", "p\u00e2turage s\u00e9lectif", "[INFO]Computer Science [cs]", "m\u00e9thane", "selective grazing"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Pinares-Pati\u00f1o, C.S., Baumont, Ren\u00e9, Martin, C\u00e9cile,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.4141/a03-034"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Animal%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.4141/a03-034", "name": "item", "description": "10.4141/a03-034", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.4141/a03-034"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2003-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5061/dryad.266m0", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "unspecified", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:23:59Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Data from: Multi-decadal time series of remotely sensed vegetation improves prediction of soil carbon in a subtropical grassland", "description": "unspecifiedSoil carbon sequestration in agroecosystems could play a key role in climate change mitigation but will require accurate predictions of soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks over spatial scales relevant to land management. Spatial variation in underlying drivers of SOC, such as plant productivity and soil mineralogy, complicates these predictions. Recent advances in the availability of remotely sensed data make it practical to generate multidecadal time series of vegetation indices with high spatial resolution and coverage. However, the utility of such data largely is unknown, only having been tested with shorter (e.g., 1-2 year) data summaries. Across a 2000 ha subtropical grassland, we found that a long time series (28 years) of a vegetation index (Enhanced Vegetation Index; EVI) derived from the Landsat 5 satellite significantly enhanced prediction of spatially varying SOC pools, while a short summary (2 years) was an ineffective predictor. EVI was the best predictor for surface SOC (0-5 cm depth) and total measured SOC stocks (0-15 cm). The optimum models for SOC in the upper soil layer combined EVI records with elevation and calcium concentration, while deeper SOC was more strongly associated with calcium availability. We demonstrate how data from the open access Landsat archive can predict SOC stocks, a key ecosystem metric, and illustrate the rich variety of analytical approaches that can be applied to long time series of remotely sensed greenness. Overall, our results showed that SOC pools were closely coupled to EVI in this ecosystem, demonstrating that maintenance of higher average green leaf area is correlated with higher SOC. The strong associations of vegetation greenness and calcium concentration with SOC suggest that the ability to sequester additional SOC likely will rely on strategic management of pasture vegetation and soil fertility.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "vegetation greenness", "grazing lands", "Paspalum notatum", "subtropical pasture", "15. Life on land", "Soil carbon", "enhanced vegetation index"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Wilson, Chris H., Caughlin, T. Trevor, Rifai, Sami W., Boughton, Elizabeth H., Mack, Michelle C., Flory, S. Luke,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.266m0"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5061/dryad.266m0", "name": "item", "description": "10.5061/dryad.266m0", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5061/dryad.266m0"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-04-03T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5061/dryad.280gb5mv6", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:23:59Z", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2023-06-26", "title": "Fertilization can accelerate the pace of soil microbial community response to rest-grazing duration in the Three-river Source Region of China", "description": "unspecifiedSoil samples were obtained in August 2017, when the grass was growing vigorously. In each subplot, three soil samples were collected to reduce spatial heterogeneity, and five soil cores (3.5cm diameter) were taken at a depth of 0 to 15 cm regarding each one as one soil sample. \u00a0After the soil samples were measured, the data of three soil samples from each subplot were averaged to obtain one value. Therefore, only one value was obtained for each subplot. In total, three independent samples were obtained from each treatment of\u00a0three replicate blocks (A, B and C). In order to avoid the influence of livestock waste on soil characteristics, we absolutely avoid livestock waste and the traces of livestock waste when sampling. A total of 90 soil samples (three soil samples \u00d7ten subplots \u00d7 three replicate blocks) were collected in this study. Then, three cutting ring soil samples were collected from 0\u201315 cm depths in each plot to determine the soil moisture content (SM). In addition, when collecting soil samples, we remove debris such as plant litter, stone particles and livestock excreta. Each soil sample was sieved through a 2 mm mesh and then divided into two parts when the soil samples were taken back to the laboratory (Joshi et al., 2023). One part of the fresh soil from the field was stored at 4\u00b0C for microbial biomass (carbon and nitrogen) for inorganic N (NH4+\u2212N and NO3\uff0d\u2212N ) and available phosphorus (AP) analyses, and the other part was air-dried indoors and used to determine indicators such as soil physicochemical properties (Zhao et al., 2018).In order to reveal the effects of rest-grazing and fertilization during the regreen-up period on the structure of soil microbial community. Soil microbial PLFA was determined based on the method of Bossio and Scow (1998) (Bossi et al., 1998). The data for each subplot was expressed as the mean of\u00a0three soil samples, so data analysis was carried out on the data duplicate value (n=3), and the data analysis was performed according to the following steps. Firstly, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and least significant difference (LSD) tests were used to examine the differences of soil physicochemical properties and microbial community structure among the different rest-grazing treatments. Then the independent sample T-tests were used to examine the response of soil physicochemical properties and microbial community structure to fertilization treatment. Secondly, the correlation analysis was used to test the relationship between soil physicochemical properties and microbial community structure. Finally, the redundancy analysis method (RDA) was used to evaluate the associations between soil physicochemical properties and community microorganisms. The above analysis used Microsoft Excel 2013 to organize and summarize the original data, and used SPSS25.0 statistical software to conduct statistical analysis on the data. Histogram of microbial community compositions and percentage increase of fertilization to the maximum value of all PLFA groups were drawn with Origin 2021. The graphs of correlation analysis were performed using the \u201cggplot2\u201d and \u201cggthemes\u201d packages in R 4.2.2 and RDA employed CANOCO 5 to complete (Lu et al., 2023). P\uff1c0.05 was considered statistically significant. Bossio, D. A., & Scow, K. M. (1998). Impacts of carbon and flooding on soil microbial communities: phospholipid fatty acid profiles and substrate utilization patterns.\u00a0Microbial ecology, 35, 265-278. Joshi, R. K., & Garkoti, S. C. (2023). Influence of vegetation types on soil physical and chemical properties, microbial biomass and stoichiometry in the central Himalaya.\u00a0Catena, 222, 106835. https://doi.or.1016/j.catena.2022.106835g/10 Lu, J., Feng, S., Wang, S., Zhang, B., Ning, Z., Wang, R., ... & Zhao, X. (2023). Patterns and driving mechanism of soil organic carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus stoichiometry across northern China\u2019s desert-grassland transition zone. Catena, 220, 106695. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2022.106695 Zhao, R., Hui, R., Liu, L., Xie, M., & An, L. (2018). Effects of snowfall depth on soil physical\u2013chemical properties and soil microbial biomass in moss\u2013dominated crusts in the Gurbantunggut Desert, Northern China. Catena, 169, 175-182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2018.05.042", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Three-river Source Region", "13. Climate action", "Rest-grazing during the regreen-up period", "Fertilization", "soil microbial community", "FOS: Agricultural biotechnology", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Zhou, Xuanbo, Wang, Xiaoli, Ma, Yushou, Wang, Yanlong, Ma, Yuan, Xie, Lele,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.280gb5mv6"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5061/dryad.280gb5mv6", "name": "item", "description": "10.5061/dryad.280gb5mv6", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5061/dryad.280gb5mv6"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-11-14T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5061/dryad.ms2np57", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:24:09Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Data from: Grazing enhances belowground carbon allocation, microbial biomass, and soil carbon in a subtropical grassland", "description": "unspecifiedLignin PhenolsData file with results from lignin phenol extraction of soil samples, and plant tissue end-members (i.e. shoots, rhizomes and roots of Bahiagrass from inside and outside grazing exclosure). The major families are summarized as v (vannilyl), c (cinnamyl) and s (syringyl). Column 'vsc' represents the sum of v,s, and c, standardized per 100 mg organic carbon, whereas 'vsc.sed' is standardized per 1 g of soil weight. 'adal.v' is the acid-aldehyde ratio of the vanillyl family.gcb_lignin.csvSoils EA/IRMSFile with results of elemental analysis and isotope ratio mass spectrometry. Note that plot number needs to be paired with treatment ('trt') to generate a unique ID. 'Back' column identifies whether data is from background survey of exclosures, or from pulse-chase plots.Soils_EAIRMS.csvPulse Chase Vegetation EA/IRMSData with results of EA/IRMS analysis on plant samples from pulse chase experiment. Note that plot number and treatment must be combined to generate a unique plot ID. Harvest identifies time post pulse (2 days, 7 days, or 32 days). Pool identifies whether it is shoots ('Ag Veg'), roots or rhizomes ('Rh'). 'Sub' represents replicated harvested swaths ('A' or 'B') per harvest date (for 2 day and 7 day only, hence 32 day is identified as AA). One sample was accidentally combined in the field and is identified with A/B. Biomass is reported only for the t = 0 initial harvests of aboveground material.PulseChase_VegDataALL.csvPulse Chase Vegetation MassContains dry weight biomass for all plant samples collected in pulse chase experiment. Note that treatment and plot number must be combined to generate unique plot ID. 'Sub' identifies replicate harvest swath collected at each harvest date (2 day and 7 day only, 32 day only had one swath and is thus identified as AA, as is the t=0 harvest of aboveground tissue immediately post pulse). 'Harvest' identifies time of harvest post pulse and is either 0 (immediately post pulse, aboveground tissue only), '2d' (2 day), '7d' (7 day), or '32day' (32 days). 'Pool' identifies the plant tissue and is either shoots ('Ag Veg'), roots ('Root') or rhizomes ('Rh'). Biomass is in grams. 'Standing dead' represents the senesced tissue sorted out of the sample prior to analysis, and is also in grams.PlantData_MassALL.csvPulse Chase Microbial DataMicrobial biomass and isotope ratio data. Note that treatment and plot number must be combined to generate a unique sample ID. Harvest indicates time since post pulse: '48' represents 2 days, '336' represents 7 days, and 4 represents 32 days. 'Sub' represents replicated harvest swath within a given harvest date (2 day and 7 day only). Column 'Rep' can be ignored. 'mgC/dry_mass_soil(g)' represents the carbon concentration of the extract, standardized per gram of soil extracted. 'd13c (permil, versus VPDB)' is the standard isotope delta 13C value, and 'Fumigated' identifies fumigated extracts (containing lysed microbial cell contents in addition to dissolved organic carbon, DOC) and 'unfumigated' extracts (which contain just DOC). Formulae for calculating microbial biomass and isotope enrichment are in the main paper, and are also explained in the open source code used to process and analyze data available at https://github.com/chwilson/GCB_2018).PulseChase_MicrobialData.csv", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "belowground carbon allocation", "soil organic carbon", "microbial biomass", "Lignin Phenols", "Paspalum notatum", "Large Herbivore Grazing", "subtropical pasture", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Wilson, Chris H., Strickland, Michael S., Hutchings, Jack A., Bianchi, Thomas S., Flory, S. Luke,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.ms2np57"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5061/dryad.ms2np57", "name": "item", "description": "10.5061/dryad.ms2np57", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5061/dryad.ms2np57"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-02-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5061/dryad.qnk98sfn7", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:24:10Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Grazing in a megagrazer-dominated savanna does not reduce soil carbon stocks, even at high intensities", "description": "Open AccessThis dataset consists of two documents: 1) data_hyvarinen_et.al_oikos.csv consists of soil carbon and other attributes data from all sampling plots. 2) grasscommunity_data.csv consists of the grass species composition data from all sampling plots.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "white rhinoceros", "biological sciences", "FOS: Biological sciences", "woody encroachment", "rewilding", "15. Life on land", "soil carbon", "grazing impact", "Soil carbon", "fire"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Hyv\u00e4rinen, Olli, te Beest, Mariska, le Roux, Elizabeth, Kerley, Graham I.H., Findlay, Nicola, Schenkeveld, Walter, Trouw, Victor, Cromsigt, Joris P.G.M.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.qnk98sfn7"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5061/dryad.qnk98sfn7", "name": "item", "description": "10.5061/dryad.qnk98sfn7", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5061/dryad.qnk98sfn7"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5061/dryad.v7t77ts", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:24:12Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Data from: Carbon sequestration and soil restoration potential of grazing lands under exclosure management in a semi-arid environment of northern Ethiopia", "description": "unspecifiedExclosures are used to regenerate native vegetation as a way to reduce soil erosion, increase rain water in\ufb01ltration and provide fodder and woody biomass in degraded grazing lands. Therefore, this study assessed the impact of grazing exclosure on vegetation biomass, carbon sequestration and soil nutrients under five and ten years of grazing exclosures and freely grazed areas in Tigray, northern Ethiopia. Vegetation biomass, carbon stocks and soil nutrients increased with increasing grazing exclusion. However, open grazing lands and five years of grazing exclosure did not differ in aboveground biomass, above-and-belowground carbon stocks. Moreover, ten years of grazing exclosure had a higher (P<0.01) grass, herb and litter carbon stocks compared to five years exclosure and open grazing lands. The total carbon stock was higher for ten years exclosure (75.65 t C ha-1) than the five years exclosure (55.06 t C ha-1) and in open grazing areas (51.98 t C ha-1). Grazing lands closed for ten years had a higher SOC, organic matter, total N, available P, and exchangeable K+ and Na+ compared to five year\u2019s exclosure and open grazing lands. Therefore, establishment of grazing exclosures had a positive effect in restoring degraded grazing lands, thus improving vegetation biomass, carbon sequestration potentials and soil nutrients.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "grazing land", "13. Climate action", "carbon stock", "semi-arid", "soil property", "exclosure", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Gebregergs, Tsegay, Tessema, Zewdu K., Solomon, Negasi, Birhane, Emiru,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.v7t77ts"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5061/dryad.v7t77ts", "name": "item", "description": "10.5061/dryad.v7t77ts", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5061/dryad.v7t77ts"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-05-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5061/dryad.ts80c92", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "unspecified", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:24:12Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Data from: Grazer effects on soil carbon storage vary by herbivore assemblage in a semi-arid grassland", "description": "unspecified1. Accounting for 10-30% of global soil organic carbon, grassland soils potentially present a large reservoir for storing atmospheric CO2. Livestock grazing management can substantially affect grassland soil carbon (C) storage, but few controlled experiments have explored how herbivore assemblages (different herbivore species and combinations) affect soil C storage. 2. We examined effects of moderate grazing by different herbivore assemblages (no grazing; sheep grazing; cattle grazing; mixed grazing by sheep and cattle) on soil organic carbon storage in two types of grassland communities (high forbs/high diversity and low forbs/low diversity), within a semi-arid grassland with a five-year grazing history. 3. We found that herbivore assemblage generated varying effects on soil C storage and the effects were subject to grassland community types. In the low diversity community, none of three herbivore assemblages studied had obvious effects on soil C storage. In the high diversity community, however, sheep grazing significantly decreased soil C storage due to high selectivity for high quality forbs, and cattle grazing had no effects on soil C storage, while mixed grazing by sheep and cattle significantly increased soil C storage. Overall, soil C storage was highest in mixed-grazed grassland sites with high diversity. 4. Synthesis and applications. Our study suggests that explicitly incorporating grazer species and the combination of grazing livestock into grassland grazing management may help mitigate greenhouse gas emissions. Caution should be exercised when using grazer species with high food selectivity when grazing management is also aimed at climate mitigation, especially in grasslands with abundant high quality forbs and high plant diversity, as sheep grazing may reduce soil carbon (C) storage. Moreover, mixed grazing, including multiple herbivore species, may contribute to a reduction in foraging selectivity for a plant community by means of complementary foraging. It could therefore be considered as an optimal grazing management strategy to maintain and improve soil C storage.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "soil organic carbon", "13. Climate action", "grassland management", "Carbon cycle", "livestock grazing", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Chang, Qing, Wang, Ling, Ding, Shiwen, Xu, Tongtong, Li, Zhiqiang, Song, Xuxin, Zhao, Xuan, Wang, Deli, Pan, Duofeng,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.ts80c92"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5061/dryad.ts80c92", "name": "item", "description": "10.5061/dryad.ts80c92", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5061/dryad.ts80c92"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-04-17T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5091/plecevo.2011.617", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:24:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-11-21", "description": "Background and aims - Livestock grazing exclusion was widely used to manage degraded grassland ecosystems, but little is known on the effects of long-term grazing exclusion on aboveground and belowground species diversity of the steppe vegetation in China. Material and methods - The species composition of the aboveground vegetation and the soil seed bank were examined on sites after a 25-year grazing exclusion in a typical steppe on the Loess Plateau, NW China. Key results - Results showed that long-term grazing exclusion significantly improved vegetation cover, biomass and aboveground species evenness. Long-term grazing exclusion significantly increased species richness and seed density in the soil seed bank, but significantly decreased belowground species evenness. The seeds were mainly present in the litter and the topsoil (0-5 cm), accounting for about 76% of the total seed number. Exclusion of grazing significantly decreased seed depletion in soil seed bank from April to July as compared to grazed sites. The Sorensen similarity index between aboveground and belowground species composition was low in the typical steppe, and long-term grazing exclusion did not significantly improve this similarity. Conclusion - Our results suggest that long-term grazing exclusion can significantly improve both aboveground and belowground species diversity in the steppe vegetation of the Loess Plateau, but has little or no effect on the similarity in composition between the two compartments.", "keywords": ["580", "0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Loess Plateau", "vegetation", "grazing", "soil seed bank", "[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "15. Life on land", "steppe", "grazing exclusion", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.2011.617"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20Ecology%20and%20Evolution", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5091/plecevo.2011.617", "name": "item", "description": "10.5091/plecevo.2011.617", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5091/plecevo.2011.617"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-11-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10396/27039", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:28:24Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-02-18", "title": "The influence of tree and soil management on soil organic carbon stock and pools in dehesa systems", "description": "This study evaluated the effect on SOC concentration, stock and fractions in a dehesa divided into two areas of similar soil type but different soil management. The first area was a pastured dehesa (P) with young Holm oaks, planted in 1995 (70 trees ha\u22121, 12 m \u00d7 12 m) and, since 2000, grazed by sheep (3 sheep ha\u22121) with an average period of grazing of six months a year. Prior to this it was managed in the same way as the second adjacent area. The second area was a cropped dehesa (C) with widely spaced mature Holm oak (14 trees in a 12-ha dehesa), on which a mixture of vetch and oats was cultivated every three years and tilled with a chisel plough. After 22 years both dehesas showed similar SOC stock distribution amongst areas with different soil management, with approximately 40 t ha\u22121 in the top 100 cm of the soil. The P dehesa only showed higher SOC stock than the C dehesa on the surface 0\u20132 cm (5.86 \u00b1 0.56 t ha-1vs 3.24 \u00b1 0.37 t ha\u22121). The influence of the trees, increasing SOC concentration and content when compared to the area outside the canopy projection, was only detected under the mature trees in the C dehesa. In the area outside the tree canopy, both systems showed a similar distribution of soil organic carbon among their different fractions, with the unprotected fraction being the dominant one, followed by the physically and chemically protected fractions. In the C dehesa, the mature trees\u2019 presence significantly modified the distribution of soil organic carbon in their surroundings, increasing the relevance of the unprotected fraction. The distribution of soil organic carbon in the unprotected and physically and chemically protected fractions were strongly correlated to the overall organic carbon concentration in the soil, indicating the rapid response of these three fractions to management, with the biochemically protected fraction showing no correlation, suggesting a high resilience to the changes in carbon budget. This work was supported by P12-AGR-0931 (Andalusian Government), RTA2014-00063-C04-03 (Spanish Government), SHui (European Commission Grant Agreement number: 773903) and EU\u2014FEDER funds, whose support is gratefully acknowledged. Peer reviewed", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Fractions agroforestry", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "630", "Grazing", "Shift from cultivation to grazing", "Crop rotation", "Tree plantation", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Organic carbon fractions", "Agroforestry", "Organic carbon", "Holm oak"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10396/27039"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/CATENA", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10396/27039", "name": "item", "description": "10396/27039", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10396/27039"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.17297066", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:26:19Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Regenerative agriculture can improve productivity and profitability while reducing greenhouse gas emissions on Australian sheep farms", "description": "This dataset contains simulation files and outputs for (1) grazing treatment, (2) pasture species diversity, and (3) antecedent soil organic carbon (SOC), generated using the biophysical model\u00a0SGS (v5.4.3) in conjunction with DairyMod. Simulations incorporated 100 years (1924\u20132023) of SILO climate data and representative soil types from the Digital Atlas of Australian Soils. Four sheep farms\u2014WA (F1), SA (F2), VIC (F3), and VIC (F4)\u2014located across key Australian livestock regions, from cool temperate (Victoria) to semi-arid (Western Australia), were modelled using site-specific soil, climate, and management parameters to assess pasture and soil responses under varying environmental conditions.", "keywords": ["Drought", "Soil organic carbon", "Extreme climatic events", "Regenerative", "Climate change", "Pasture diversity", "Grazing management"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Muleke, Albert, Christie-Whitehead, Karen, Cain, Michelle, Liu, Ke, Burgess, Paul, Wiltshire, Catherine, Pexas, Georgios, Harrison, Matthew,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17297066"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.17297066", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.17297066", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.17297066"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-10-09T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.17923249", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:26:24Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Soil carbon stocks, bulk density, texture, and carbon concentration data from improved Urochloa humidicola pastures and native savannas in the Colombian Llanos", "description": "This dataset contains all original field and laboratory measurements used in the manuscript: \u201cLarge-scale assessment of the contribution of improved Urochloa humidicola pastures for enhancing soil organic carbon stocks in the Colombian Llanos\u201d (manuscript under peer review). The repository includes:1) Soil organic carbon (SOC) concentration (g kg\u207b\u00b9),2) Bulk density (g cm\u207b\u00b3),3) Soil texture composition (sand, silt, clay %),4) SOC stocks by individual soil layers,5) Total SOC stocks for 0\u2013100 cm,6) Sampling-site coordinates and associated SOC values. All samples were collected across improved Urochloa humidicola pastures of different ages and conventionally burned savannas at Hacienda San Jos\u00e9, Vichada, Colombia. These are the same primary data used in the analysis for the manuscript. Only original measurements are included; no intermediate calculations, scripts, or derived datasets are provided. A README file describing each file and variable is included. If these data are used, please cite the manuscript once published.", "keywords": ["soil organic carbon", "Carbon sequestration", "Colombian Llanos", "Soil texture", "Urochloa humidicola", "SOC stocks", "Regenerative grazing", "Bulk density", "Tropical forages"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Bastidas, Mike, Mart\u00edn-L\u00f3pez, Javier M., Loaiza, Sandra, Arango, Jacobo, DA SILVA, MAYESSE, Rodriguez, Leonardo, Matiz-Rubio, Natalia, Arias, Juliana, Rao, Idupulapati M., costa junior, ciniro,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17923249"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.17923249", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.17923249", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.17923249"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-12-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.7717/peerj.233", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:27:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-01-28", "title": "Plant Compensation To Grazing And Soil Carbon Dynamics In A Tropical Grassland", "description": "The effects of grazing on soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics, particularly in the tropics, are still poorly understood. Plant compensation to grazing, whereby plants maintain leaf area (C input capacity) despite consumption (C removal) by grazers, has been demonstrated in tropical grasslands but its influence on SOC is largely unexplored. Here, the effect of grazing on plant leaf area index (LAI) was measured in a field experiment in Serengeti National Park, Tanzania. LAI changed little for grazing intensities up to 70%. The response curve of LAI versus grazing intensity was used in a mass balance model, called SNAP, of SOC dynamics based on previous data from the Serengeti. The model predicted SOC to increase at intermediate grazing intensity, but then to decline rapidly at the highest grazing intensities. The SNAP model predictions were compared with observed SOC stocks in the 24 grazed plots of a 10-year grazing exclosure experiment at eight sites across the park that varied in mean annual rainfall, soil texture, grazing intensity and plant lignin and cellulose. The model predicted current SOC stocks very well (R (2) > 0.75), and suggests that compensatory plant responses to grazing are an important means of how herbivores might maintain or increase SOC in tropical grasslands.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "Ecology", "QH301-705.5", "R", "1. No poverty", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Plants", "15. Life on land", "Soil carbon", "01 natural sciences", "Leaf area", "Grazing", "Medicine", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Herbivory", "Biology (General)", "Compensation"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Mark E. Ritchie", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.233"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PeerJ", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.7717/peerj.233", "name": "item", "description": "10.7717/peerj.233", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.7717/peerj.233"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-01-16T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10451/49481", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:28:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-06-12", "title": "Does Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Determine Soil Microbial Functionality in Nutrient-Limited Mediterranean Arid Ecosystems?", "description": "

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are determinant for the performance of plant communities and for the functionality of terrestrial ecosystems. In natural ecosystems, grazing can have a major impact on mycorrhizal fungi and consequently on plant growth. The objective of this study was to evaluate the statements referred above in Mediterranean arid areas in Tunisia. Root samples and rhizosphere soils of five dominant herbaceous plants were studied at six distinct arid sites differing on soil proprieties and grazing intensity. At each site, chemical and dynamic properties of the soil were characterized as well as the AMF colonization intensity and the soil functionality. Results showed that the mycorrhizal frequency and intensity and spore density, varied between plants in the same site and, for each plant, between sites and evidenced a positive effect of mycorrhized plants on soil microbial activity. Grazing and soil properties strongly affected AMF composition and the soil microbial and biochemical dynamics, which presented the lowest values at the sites with the highest grazing intensities. In conclusion, these results demonstrate that AMF improve soil biological properties, supporting the hypothesis that mycorrhiza and grazing compete for plant photosynthates, and highlight the importance of mycorrhizal symbiosis towards soil functionality under arid conditions.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "arid areas", "conserved areas", "QH301-705.5", "mycorrhiza", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi", "grazing", "14. Life underwater", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Biology (General)", "15. Life on land", "biological properties"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/12/6/234/pdf"}, {"href": "https://repositorio.ulisboa.pt/bitstream/10451/49481/1/Mahmoudi%20et%20al%202020%20-%20Does%20Arbuscular%20Mycorrhiza%20Determine%20Soil%20Microbial%20Functionality%20in%20Nutrient-Limited%20Mediterranean%20Arid%20Ecosystems.pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/12/6/234/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10451/49481"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Diversity", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10451/49481", "name": "item", "description": "10451/49481", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10451/49481"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-06-10T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "11697/198087", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:28:49Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-12-09", "title": "Non-smooth dynamics of buckling based metainterfaces: Rocking-like motion and bifurcations", "description": "Open Access34 pages, 15 figures", "keywords": ["Physics - Classical Physics; Physics - Classical Physics", "0103 physical sciences", "Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)", "FOS: Physical sciences", "Physics - Classical Physics", "Nonlinear dynamics; Period doubling; Grazing; Multistability anticipation", "0101 mathematics", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://iris.unitn.it/bitstream/11572/372109/1/1-s2.0-S0020740322008839-main.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/11697/198087"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/International%20Journal%20of%20Mechanical%20Sciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "11697/198087", "name": "item", "description": "11697/198087", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/11697/198087"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "1887/3716986", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:29:01Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-11-15", "title": "Cessation of grazing causes biodiversity loss and homogenization of soil food webs", "description": "

There is widespread concern that cessation of grazing in historically grazed ecosystems is causing biotic homogenization and biodiversity loss. We used 12 montane grassland sites along an 800 km north\uffe2\uff80\uff93south gradient across the UK, to test whether cessation of grazing affects local \uffce\uffb1 - and \uffce\uffb2 -diversity of below-ground food webs. We show cessation of grazing leads to strongly decreased \uffce\uffb1 -diversity of most groups of soil microbes and fauna, particularly of relatively rare taxa. By contrast, the \uffce\uffb2 -diversity varied between groups of soil organisms. While most soil microbial communities exhibited increased homogenization after cessation of grazing, we observed decreased homogenization for soil fauna after cessation of grazing. Overall, our results indicate that exclusion of domesticated herbivores from historically grazed montane grasslands has far-ranging negative consequences for diversity of below-ground food webs. This underscores the importance of grazers for maintaining the diversity of below-ground communities, which play a central role in ecosystem functioning.

Grasslands are at risk of degradation due to unsustainable management practices and climate change. Sustainable grassland soil management can promote ecosystem service delivery and improve the resilience of the entire grassland ecosystem to anthropogenic change. Here, we re-view the principal soil quality indicators (SQIs) and how they have been used to evaluate the sustainability of different grassland management practices globally. We then discuss sustainable grazing management practices, before reviewing some novel grassland species which may im-prove grassland resilience with relevance for grassland management in Europe and the UK. We also give an overview of current sustainable grassland management methods and their assessment at field scale. From this, we suggest that sustainable Grazing Management Plans (GMPs), together with the testing of drought-resistant grass species and appropriate SQIs monitoring, is key to increasing resilience of grassland ecosystems to anthropogenic change.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "330", "S", "QH301 Biology", "soil quality indicators; grazing management; ecosystem services; permanent grasslands; management practices", "Agriculture", "15. Life on land", "12. Responsible consumption", "Permanent grasslands", "permanent grasslands", "QH301", "Soil quality indicators", "13. Climate action", "SDG 13 - Climate Action", "agricultural_science_and_agronomy_16", "management practices", "Ecosystem services", "Grazing management", "soil quality indicators", "grazing management", "ecosystem services"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://iris.unito.it/bitstream/2318/1910970/1/A53%20Grassland%20erosion%20Agronomy.pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/5/1366/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/2164/20743"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2164/20743", "name": "item", "description": "2164/20743", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2164/20743"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-04-06T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2263/91312", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:29:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-11-24", "title": "Grazing and ecosystem service delivery in global drylands", "description": "

Grazing represents the most extensive use of land worldwide. Yet its impacts on ecosystem services remain uncertain because pervasive interactions between grazing pressure, climate, soil properties, and biodiversity may occur but have never been addressed simultaneously. Using a standardized survey at 98 sites across six continents, we show that interactions between grazing pressure, climate, soil, and biodiversity are critical to explain the delivery of fundamental ecosystem services across drylands worldwide. Increasing grazing pressure reduced ecosystem service delivery in warmer and species-poor drylands, whereas positive effects of grazing were observed in colder and species-rich areas. Considering interactions between grazing and local abiotic and biotic factors is key for understanding the fate of dryland ecosystems under climate change and increasing human pressure.

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