{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.3390/ijms21010228", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:21:22Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-12-30", "title": "How Vine Shoots as Fillers Impact the Biodegradation of PHBV-Based Composites", "description": "<p>Vine shoots are lignocellulosic agricultural residues. In addition to being an interesting source of polyphenols, they can be used as fillers in a poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) matrix to decrease the overall cost and to propose an alternative to non-biodegradable fossil-based materials. The objective of the present work was to investigate how the incorporation of vine shoots fillers and a preliminary polyphenol extraction step could impact the biodegradability of biocomposites. Biocomposites (20 wt %) were produced by microcompounding. The biodegradation of materials was assessed by respirometric tests in soil. The negative impact of polyphenols on the biodegradability of vine shoots was confirmed. This was supported by crystallinity measurements and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations, which showed no difference in structure nor morphology between virgin and exhausted vine shoots particles. The incorporation of vine shoots fillers in PHBV slightly accelerated the overall biodegradation kinetics. All the biocomposites produced were considered fully biodegradable according to the French and European standard NF EN 17033, allowing the conclusion that up-cycling vine shoots for the production of lignocellulosic fillers is a promising strategy to provide biodegradable materials in natural conditions. Moreover, in a biorefinery context, polyphenol extraction from vine shoots has the advantage of improving their biodegradability.</p>", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "biocomposites", "660", "polyphenols extraction", "Polyesters", "Polyphenols", "600", "02 engineering and technology", "[SPI.MAT] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials", "15. Life on land", "biodegradation", "Lignin", "Article", "510", "[SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials", "poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-3-hydroxyvalerate)", "vine shoots", "03 medical and health sciences", "natural fibers", "Biodegradation", " Environmental", "Vitis", "0210 nano-technology", "Plant Shoots"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/1/228/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/1/228/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21010228"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/International%20Journal%20of%20Molecular%20Sciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/ijms21010228", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/ijms21010228", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/ijms21010228"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-12-28T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/jox15010002", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:21:22Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-12-26", "title": "Impact of Short-Chain Perfluoropropylene Oxide Acids on Biochemical and Behavioural Parameters in Eisenia fetida (Savigny, 1826)", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a class of persistent organic pollutants that pose a growing threat to environmental and human health. Soil acts as a long-term reservoir for PFAS, potentially impacting soil biodiversity and ecosystem function. Earthworms, as keystone species in soil ecosystems, are particularly vulnerable to PFAS exposure. In this study, we investigated the sublethal effects of three short-chain (C4\u2013C6) next-generation perfluoropropylene oxide acids (PFPOAs) on the earthworm Eisenia fetida, using a legacy perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acid (PFCA), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), as a reference. We assessed a suite of biochemical endpoints, including markers for oxidative stress (catalase and superoxide dismutase activity), immunity (phenol oxidase activity), neurotoxicity (acetylcholinesterase activity), and behavioural endpoints (escape test). Results indicate that all tested PFAS, even at sub-micromolar concentrations, elicited significant effects across multiple physiological domains. Interestingly, HFPO-DA demonstrated the most substantial impact across all endpoints tested, indicating broad and significant biochemical and neurotoxic effects. Our findings underscore the potential risks of both legacy and emerging PFAS to soil ecosystems, emphasising the need for further research to understand the long-term consequences of PFAS contamination.</p></article>", "keywords": ["poly and perfluoroalkyl substance", "catalase", "acetylcholinesterase", "phenol oxidase", "RM1-950", "superoxide dismutase", "01 natural sciences", "immune response", "Article", "poly and perfluoroalkyl substances", "RA1190-1270", "Toxicology. Poisons", "628", "Therapeutics. Pharmacology", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2039-4713/15/1/2/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/jox15010002"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Xenobiotics", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/jox15010002", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/jox15010002", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/jox15010002"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/land10090964", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:21:23Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-09-12", "title": "The Impact of Soil-Improving Cropping Practices on Erosion Rates: A Stakeholder-Oriented Field Experiment Assessment", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>The risk of erosion is particularly high in Mediterranean areas, especially in areas that are subject to a not so effective agricultural management\u2013or with some omissions\u2013, land abandonment or wildfires. Soils on Crete are under imminent threat of desertification, characterized by loss of vegetation, water erosion, and subsequently, loss of soil. Several large-scale studies have estimated average soil erosion on the island between 6 and 8 Mg/ha/year, but more localized investigations assess soil losses one order of magnitude higher. An experiment initiated in 2017, under the framework of the SoilCare H2020 EU project, aimed to evaluate the effect of different management practices on the soil erosion. The experiment was set up in control versus treatment experimental design including different sets of treatments, targeting the most important cultivations on Crete (olive orchards, vineyards, fruit orchards). The minimum-to-no tillage practice was adopted as an erosion mitigation practice for the olive orchard study site, while for the vineyard site, the cover crop practice was used. For the fruit orchard field, the crop-type change procedure (orange to avocado) was used. The experiment demonstrated that soil-improving cropping techniques have an important impact on soil erosion, and as a result, on soil water conservation that is of primary importance, especially for the Mediterranean dry regions. The demonstration of the findings is of practical use to most stakeholders, especially those that live and work with the local land.</p></article>", "keywords": ["ISLAND", "Environmental Studies", "Environmental Sciences & Ecology", "VINEYARDS", "soil-improving crop systems", "COVER CROPS", "3301 Architecture", "PARAMETERS", "4104 Environmental management", "EQUATION", "RUNOFF", "0502 Environmental Science and Management", "sustainable land management", "2. Zero hunger", "Science & Technology", "soil erosion", "S", "3304 Urban and regional planning", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "GIS", "6. Clean water", "sustainable agriculture", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "CRETE", "Life Sciences & Biomedicine"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/10/9/964/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/10/9/964/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/land10090964"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Land", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/land10090964", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/land10090964", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/land10090964"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-09-12T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/land11020255", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:21:23Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-02-08", "title": "A Review of Crop Husbandry and Soil Management Practices Using Meta-Analysis Studies: Towards Soil-Improving Cropping Systems", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Coherent improvements in crop varieties and crop husbandry and soil management practices are needed to increase global crop production in a sustainable manner. However, these practices are often discussed separately, and as a result there is little overview. Here, we present a database and synthesis of 154 meta-analysis studies related to ten main crop husbandry and soil management practices, including crop type and rotations, tillage, drainage, nutrient management, irrigation and fertigation, weed management, pest management, crop residue management, mechanization and technology, and landscape management. Most meta-analysis studies were related to tillage (55), followed by crop type and rotations (32), nutrient management (25), crop residue management (19), and irrigation and fertigation (18). Few studies were related to landscape management (6) and mechanization and technology (2). In terms of outcome, studies focused on crop yield and quality (81), soil quality (73), and environmental impacts (56), and little on economic effects (7) or resource use efficiency (24). Reported effects of alternative practices, relative to conventional practice, were positive in general. Effect sizes were relatively large for environmental effects (nutrient leaching, greenhouse gas emissions), and small for soil quality (except for soil life) and crop yield. Together, meta-analysis studies indicate that there is large scope for increasing cropland productivity and minimizing environmental impacts. A roadmap is provided for integration and optimization of all ten practices, and recommendations are formulated to address the gaps in meta-analysis studies.</p></article>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "Resource use", "Environmental effects", "S", "environmental effects", "Nutrient management", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "crop yield", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Soil quality", "irrigation", "Tillage", "Soil-improving cropping systems", "crop rotation", "Crop rotation", "crop residue", "nutrient management", "13. Climate action", "Crop residue", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Crop yield", "Irrigation"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/11/2/255/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/land11020255"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Land", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/land11020255", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/land11020255", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/land11020255"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-02-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/land11040537", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:21:23Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-04-08", "title": "An Overview of Sustainability Assessment Frameworks in Agriculture", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Recent research established a link between environmental alterations due to agriculture intensification, social damage and the loss of economic growth. Thus, the integration of environmental and social dimensions is key for economic development. In recent years, several frameworks have been proposed to assess the overall sustainability of farms. Nevertheless, the myriad of existing frameworks and the variety of indicators result in difficulties in selecting the most appropriate framework for study site application. This manuscript aims to: (i) understand the criteria to select appropriate frameworks and summarize the range of those being used to assess sustainability; (ii) identify the available frameworks to assess agricultural sustainability; and (iii) analyze the strengths, weaknesses and applicability of each framework. Six frameworks, namely SAFA, RISE, MASC, LADA, SMART and public goods (PG), were identified. Results show that SMART is the framework that considers, in a balanced way, the environmental, sociocultural and economic dimensions of sustainability, whereas others focused on the environmental (RISE), environmental and economic (PG) and sociocultural (SAFA) dimension. However, depending on the scale assessment, sector of application and the sustainability completeness intended, all frameworks are suitable for the assessment. We present a decision tree to help future users understand the best option for their objective.</p></article>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "agriculture; sustainability frameworks; socio-economic and environmental indicators; soil land management", "soil land management", "S", "socio-economic and environmental indicators", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "12. Responsible consumption", "11. Sustainability", "Life Science", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "910 Geography & travel", "sustainability frameworks", "550 Earth sciences & geology", "agriculture", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/11/4/537/pdf"}, {"href": "https://boris.unibe.ch/169121/1/land-11-00537.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/land11040537"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Land", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/land11040537", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/land11040537", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/land11040537"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-04-07T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/land11122200", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:21:23Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-12-05", "title": "Land Suitability Analysis as a Tool for Evaluating Soil-Improving Cropping Systems", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Agricultural land use planning is based on the capacity of the soil to support different types of crops and is a prerequisite for better use of cultivated land. Land Suitability Analysis (LSA) is used to measure the level of suitability of growing a specific crop in the area and can also be used to evaluate future scenarios as a means for sustainable agriculture. LSA was employed to calculate current land suitability, as well as four scenarios of Soil-Improving Cropping Systems (SICS): (a) Conservation Tillage (CT), (b) Cover Crop (CC), (c) Crop Residue Management (CRM), and (d) Manure Application (MA). The scenarios of SICS were derived by increasing soil organic matter and cation exchange capacity values depending on the SICS hypothetically applied for a period of 100 years in the future. LSA was evaluated for maize in three sites: (a) Flanders (BE), (b) Somogy (HU), and (c) Hengshui (CH). LSA was performed using the Agricultural Land Use Evaluation System (ALUES) considering soil and climatic and topographic parameters. Weighing factors of input parameters were assigned using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). The results show that in Flanders, the highly suitable (S2) class covered 3.3% of the total area, and the best scenario for improving current LS was CRM, in which S2 expanded to 9.1%. In Somogy, the S2 class covered 18.3% of the total area, and the best scenarios for improving current land suitability were CT and CC, in both of which the S2 class expanded to 70.5% of the total area. In Hengshui, the S2 class covered 64.7% of the total area, and all SICS scenarios performed extremely well, converting almost all moderately suitable (S3) areas to S2. The main limiting factor that was recognized from a limiting factor analysis in all cases was the climatic conditions. This work proves that LSA can evaluate scenarios of management practices and recognize limiting factors. The proposed methodology is a novel approach that can provide land suitability maps to efficiently evaluate SICS scenarios by projecting soil characteristics and LSA in the future, thus facilitating management decisions of regional policy makers.</p></article>", "keywords": ["IMPACT", "AHP", "Environmental Studies", "land use planning", "Environmental Sciences & Ecology", "3301 Architecture", "01 natural sciences", "4104 Environmental management", "CARBON SEQUESTRATION", "AGROECOLOGY", "MANAGEMENT", "BINH THUAN PROVINCE", "0502 Environmental Science and Management", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Science & Technology", "DESERTIFICATION", "S", "Agricultural Land Use Evaluation System", "soil fertility", "3304 Urban and regional planning", "Agriculture", "sustainability; soil fertility; land use planning; AHP; ALUES", "ALUES", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "sustainability", "Analytical Hierarchy Process", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Life Sciences & Biomedicine"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/11/12/2200/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/11/12/2200/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/land11122200"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Land", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/land11122200", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/land11122200", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/land11122200"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-12-04T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/land11020223", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:21:23Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-02-03", "title": "Opportunities for Mitigating Soil Compaction in Europe\u2014Case Studies from the SoilCare Project Using Soil-Improving Cropping Systems", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Soil compaction (SC) is a major threat for agriculture in Europe that affects many ecosystem functions, such as water and air circulation in soils, root growth, and crop production. Our objective was to present the results from five short-term (&lt;5 years) case studies located along the north\u2013south and east\u2013west gradients and conducted within the SoilCare project using soil-improving cropping systems (SICSs) for mitigating topsoil and subsoil SC. Two study sites (SSs) focused on natural subsoil (\u02c325 cm) compaction using subsoiling tillage treatments to depths of 35 cm (Sweden) and 60 cm (Romania). The other SSs addressed both topsoil and subsoil SC (\u02c325 cm, Norway and United Kingdom; \u02c330 cm, Italy) using deep-rooted bio-drilling crops and different tillage types or a combination of both. Each SS evaluated the effectiveness of the SICSs by measuring the soil physical properties, and we calculated SC indices. The SICSs showed promising results\u2014for example, alfalfa in Norway showed good potential for alleviating SC (the subsoil density decreased from 1.69 to 1.45 g cm\u22121) and subsoiling at the Swedish SS improved root penetration into the subsoil by about 10 cm\u2014but the effects of SICSs on yields were generally small. These case studies also reflected difficulties in implementing SICSs, some of which are under development, and we discuss methodological issues for measuring their effectiveness. There is a need for refining these SICSs and for evaluating their longer-term effect under a wider range of pedoclimatic conditions.</p></article>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "S", "degree of compaction", "Soil Science", "straw incorporation", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "910", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "soil penetration resistance", "Environmental Sciences related to Agriculture and Land-use", "degree of compaction; soil penetration resistance; relative normalised density; air-filled porosity; tillage; straw incorporation; bio-drilling crops; subsoiling; crop productivity", "relative normalised density", "13. Climate action", "tillage", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "S Agriculture (General)", "910 Geography & travel", "air-filled porosity", "550 Earth sciences & geology"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/11/2/223/pdf"}, {"href": "https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/27668/1/piccoli-i-et-al-220502.pdf"}, {"href": "https://boris.unibe.ch/165197/1/Opportunities_for_Mitigating_Soil_Compaction_in_Europe_Case.pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.research.unipd.it/bitstream/11577/3462067/1/land-11-00223-v2.pdf"}, {"href": "https://rau.repository.guildhe.ac.uk/id/eprint/16542/1/land-11-00223-v2.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/land11020223"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Land", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/land11020223", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/land11020223", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/land11020223"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-02-02T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/land11050651", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:21:23Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-04-29", "title": "Anthropogenic and Lightning Fire Incidence and Burned Area in Europe", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Fires can have an anthropogenic or natural origin. The most frequent natural fire cause is lightning. Since anthropogenic and lightning fires have different climatic and socio-economic drivers, it is important to distinguish between these different fire causes. We developed random forest models that predict the fraction of anthropogenic and lightning fire incidences, and their burned area, at the level of the Nomenclature des Unit\u00e9s Territoriales Statistiques level 3 (NUTS3) for Europe. The models were calibrated using the centered log-ratio of fire incidence and burned area reference data from the European Forest Fire Information System. After a correlation analysis, the population density, fractional human land impact, elevation and burned area coefficient of variation\u2014a measure of interannual variability in burned area\u2014were selected as predictor variables in the models. After parameter tuning and running the models with several train-validate compositions, we found that the vast majority of fires and burned area in Europe has an anthropogenic cause, while lightning plays a significant role in the remote northern regions of Scandinavia. Combining our results with burned area data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, we estimated that 96.5 \u00b1 0.9% of the burned area in Europe has an anthropogenic cause. Our spatially explicit fire cause attribution model demonstrates the spatial variability between anthropogenic and lightning fires and their burned area over Europe and could be used to improve predictive fire models by accounting for fire cause.</p></article>", "keywords": ["Europe", "S", "13. Climate action", "random forest model", "11. Sustainability", "ignition", "fire cause; burned area; ignition; random forest model; Europe", "Agriculture", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "burned area", "fire cause", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/11/5/651/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/11/5/651/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/land11050651"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Land", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/land11050651", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/land11050651", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/land11050651"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-04-28T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/land11060943", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:21:23Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-06-19", "title": "The Effects of Soil Improving Cropping Systems (SICS) on Soil Erosion and Soil Organic Carbon Stocks across Europe: A Simulation Study", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Healthy soils are fundamental for sustainable agriculture. Soil Improving Cropping Systems (SICS) aim to make land use and food production more sustainable. To evaluate the effect of SICS at EU scale, a modelling approach was taken. This study simulated the effects of SICS on two principal indicators of soil health (Soil Organic Carbon stocks) and land degradation (soil erosion) across Europe using the spatially explicit PESERA model. Four scenarios with varying levels and combinations of cover crops, mulching, soil compaction alleviation and minimum tillage were implemented and simulated until 2050. Results showed that while in the scenario without SICS, erosion slightly increased on average across Europe, it significantly decreased in the scenario with the highest level of SICS applied, especially in the cropping areas in the central European Loess Belt. Regarding SOC stocks, the simulations show a substantial decrease for the scenario without SICS and a slight overall decrease for the medium level scenario and the scenario with a mix of high, medium and no SICS. The scenario with a high level of SICS implementation showed an overall increase in SOC stocks across Europe. Potential future improvements include incorporating dynamic land use, climate change and an optimal spatial allocation of SICS.</p></article>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "soil erosion", "soil health", "S", "scenarios", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "large-scale modelling; Europe; soil health; SOC stocks; soil erosion; scenarios; sustainable soil management", "Agriculture", "sustainable soil management", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "large-scale modelling", "SOC stocks", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "12. Responsible consumption", "Europe", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/11/6/943/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/land11060943"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Land", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/land11060943", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/land11060943", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/land11060943"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-06-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/land11060780", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:21:23Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-05-25", "title": "Soil-Improving Cropping Systems for Sustainable and Profitable Farming in Europe", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Soils form the basis for agricultural production and other ecosystem services, and soil management should aim at improving their quality and resilience. Within the SoilCare project, the concept of soil-improving cropping systems (SICS) was developed as a holistic approach to facilitate the adoption of soil management that is sustainable and profitable. SICS selected with stakeholders were monitored and evaluated for environmental, sociocultural, and economic effects to determine profitability and sustainability. Monitoring results were upscaled to European level using modelling and Europe-wide data, and a mapping tool was developed to assist in selection of appropriate SICS across Europe. Furthermore, biophysical, sociocultural, economic, and policy reasons for (non)adoption were studied. Results at the plot/farm scale showed a small positive impact of SICS on environment and soil, no effect on sustainability, and small negative impacts on economic and sociocultural dimensions. Modelling showed that different SICS had different impacts across Europe\u2014indicating the importance of understanding local dynamics in Europe-wide assessments. Work on adoption of SICS confirmed the role economic considerations play in the uptake of SICS, but also highlighted social factors such as trust. The project\u2019s results underlined the need for policies that support and enable a transition to more sustainable agricultural practices in a coherent way.</p></article>", "keywords": ["S1", "Soil Science", "crop management", "sustainable soil management", "S589.75_Agriculture", "01 natural sciences", "12. Responsible consumption", "soil quality; sustainable soil management; adoption; crop management; environmental dimension; sociocultural dimension; economic dimension", "11. Sustainability", "Life Science", "soil quality", "910 Geography & travel", "Agricultural Science", "adoption", "550 Earth sciences & geology", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "environmental dimension", "S", "economic dimension", "Agriculture", "15. Life on land", "Environmental Sciences related to Agriculture and Land-use", "sociocultural dimension", "13. Climate action"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://eprints.glos.ac.uk/11159/1/11159%20Webb%2C%20et%20al%20%282022%29%20Soil-improving%20cropping%20systems%20for%20sustainable%20and%20profitable%20farming%20in%20Europe.pdf"}, {"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/11/6/780/pdf"}, {"href": "https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/28669/1/hessel-r-et-al-220808.pdf"}, {"href": "https://boris.unibe.ch/170337/1/land-11-00780-v2.pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.research.unipd.it/bitstream/11577/3462064/1/land-11-00780.pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/11/6/780/pdf"}, {"href": "https://eprints.ncl.ac.uk/fulltext.aspx?url=282070/A8C9E72D-16C8-421E-A19E-B021CC82D589.pdf&pub_id=282070"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/land11060780"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Land", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/land11060780", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/land11060780", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/land11060780"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-05-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/land11091552", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:21:23Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-09-13", "title": "An Advanced Open Land Use Database as a Resource to Address Destination Earth Challenges", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Land-use and land-cover (LULC) themes are important for many domains, especially when they process environmental and socio-economic phenomena. The evolution of a land-use database called Open Land Use (OLU) started in 2013 and was continued by adapting many user requirements. The goal of this study was to design a new version of the OLU database that would better fit the gathered user requirements collected by projects using LULC data. A formal definition of the developed data model through Unified Modeling Language (UML) class diagrams, a feature catalogue based on ISO 19110 and SQL scripts for setting up the OLU database, are the key achievements of the presented paper. The presented research provides a multi-scale open database of LULC information supporting the DestinE initiative to develop a very-high-precision digital model of the earth. The novel spatio-temporal thematic approach also lies in modular views of the OLU database.</p></article>", "keywords": ["dataset integration", "S", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "open data", "land use", "Agriculture", "02 engineering and technology", "open data; land use; land cover; dataset integration; multi-level data; temporal data", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "multi-level data", "land cover", "11. Sustainability", "temporal data", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/11/9/1552/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/11/9/1552/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/land11091552"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Land", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/land11091552", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/land11091552", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/land11091552"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-09-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/land12061145", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:21:24Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-05-30", "title": "(Un)Likely Connections between (Un)Likely Actors in the Art/NBS Co-Creation Process: Application of KREBS Cycle of Creativity to the Cyborg Garden Project", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>NBS provides the technical basis for adaptation to climate change, and co-creation is the vehicle for the co-production of knowledge and innovation, both forming a strong binomial for the UE Green Infrastructures Strategy. Nonetheless, one of the main challenges for the implementation of effective co-creation strategies is the incorporation of knowledge from diverse social systems. Knowledge production has been approached through different methodological models, such as the quintuple helix innovation by Carayannis, or the diffuse/expert knowledge model by Manzini. These theoretical models are based on linear knowledge transfers, without sufficiently depicting alternative knowledge flows among (un)conventional actors. In view of these limitations, the research proposes a third strategy: the KREBS cycle of creativity defined by Oxman is a conceptual map capable of describing knowledge transfers across the four modalities of human creativity (i.e., science, engineering, design, and art). Providing sufficient \u201ccreative energy\u201d in a co-creation process would guarantee the successful production of knowledge. Thus, the research seeks to illuminate different co-creation strategies to promote \u201ccreative energy\u201d in the design of the Cyborg Garden (CG) in Madrid, giving a novel application to Oxman\u2019s methodological framework based on the Carayannis\u2019s and Manzini\u2019s models.</p></article>", "keywords": ["knowledge", "9. Industry and infrastructure", "KREBS cycle", "S", "05 social sciences", "KREBS cycle; co-creation; creativity; knowledge; QHIM; art/science; NBS", "Agriculture", "7. Clean energy", "01 natural sciences", "12. Responsible consumption", "art/science", "QHIM", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "0502 economics and business", "creativity", "co-creation", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/12/6/1145/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/12/6/1145/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/land12061145"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Land", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/land12061145", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/land12061145", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/land12061145"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-05-30T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/land13081118", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:21:24Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-07-24", "title": "Willingness to Pay for Agricultural Soil Quality Protection and Improvement", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Understanding and estimating the economic value that society places on agricultural soil quality protection and improvement can guide the development of policies aimed at mitigating pollution, promoting conservation, or incentivizing sustainable land management practices. We estimate the general public\u2019s willingness to pay (WTP) for agricultural soil quality protection and improvement in Spain (n = 1000) and the UK (n = 984) using data from a cross-sectional survey via Qualtrics panels in March\u2013April 2021. We use a double-bound dichotomous choice contingent valuation approach to elicit the individuals\u2019 WTP. We investigate the effect of uncertainty on the success of policies aiming at achieving soil protection. In addition, to understand the heterogeneity in individuals\u2019 WTP for agricultural soil quality protection and improvement, we model individuals\u2019 WTP through individuals\u2019 awareness and attitudes toward agricultural soil quality protection and the environment; trust in institutions; risk and time preferences; pro-social behavior; and socio-demographics in Spain and the UK. We found that there is significant public support for agricultural soil quality protection and improvement in Spain and the UK. We also found that the support does not vary significantly under uncertainty of success of policies aiming at achieving soil protection. However, the individual\u2019s reasons for supporting agricultural soil quality protection and improvement are found to depend on the level of uncertainty and country. Hence, promoting public support for soil protection needs to be tailored according to the level of the general public\u2019s perceived uncertainty and geographic location.</p></article>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "S", "1. No poverty", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "risk preferences", "11. Sustainability", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "soil quality", "uncertainty", "willingness to pay", "contingent valuation", "sustainable land management", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Francisco Jos\u00e9 Areal", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/land13081118"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Land", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/land13081118", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/land13081118", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/land13081118"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-07-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/land14061217", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:21:24Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-06-05", "title": "Variation in Soil Organic Carbon and Total Nitrogen Stocks Across Elevation Gradients and Soil Depths in the Mount Kenya East Forest", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Understanding how elevation gradients and soil depths influence soil organic carbon stocks (SOCS) and total nitrogen stocks (TNS) is essential for sustainable forest management (SFM) and climate change mitigation. This study investigated the effects of elevation and soil depth on SOCS and TNS in the Mount Kenya East Forest (MKEF). A stratified systematic sampling approach was applied, involving collection of 38 soil samples from two depths (0\u201320 cm and 20\u201340 cm) across three elevation zones: Lower Forest (1700\u20132000 m), Middle Forest (2000\u20132350 m), and Upper Forest (2350\u20132650 m). Samples were analysed for bulk density (BD), pH, texture, soil organic carbon (SOC), and total nitrogen (TN), using standard laboratory methods. In topsoil (0\u201320 cm), SOCS ranged from 109.28 \u00b1 23.41 to 151.27 \u00b1 17.61 Mg C ha\u22121, while TNS varied from 8.89 \u00b1 1.77 to 12.00 \u00b1 2.46 Mg N ha\u22121. In subsoil (20\u201340 cm), SOCS ranged from 72.03 \u00b1 19.90 to 132.23 \u00b1 11.80 Mg C ha\u22121, with TNS varying between 5.71 \u00b1 1.63 and 10.50 \u00b1 1.90 Mg N ha\u22121. SOCS and TNS increased significantly with elevation (p &lt; 0.05), exhibiting the following trend: Lower Forest &lt; Middle Forest &lt; Upper Forest. Topsoil consistently stored significantly higher SOCS than subsoil (p &lt; 0.05), emphasizing the critical role of surface soils in carbon sequestration. Regression analysis revealed a significant positive relationship between SOCS and TNS (R2 = 0.84, p &lt; 0.001). Both SOCS and TNS were positively correlated with elevation, SOC, TN, and total annual precipitation (TAP), but negatively correlated with BD and mean annual temperature (MAT). These findings provide baseline data for monitoring SOCS and TNS in the MKEF, offering insights into sustainable forest management strategies to improve soil health and enhance climate change mitigation efforts.</p></article>", "keywords": ["topsoil", "S", "soil organic matter", "vegetation type", "subsoil", "Agriculture", "carbon sequestration", "environmental variables"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/14/6/1217/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/land14061217"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Land", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/land14061217", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/land14061217", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/land14061217"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-06-05T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/ma11060957", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:21:24Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-06-05", "title": "The Biological Fate of Silver Nanoparticles from a Methodological Perspective", "description": "<p>We analyzed the performance and throughput of currently available analytical techniques for quantifying body burden and cell internalization/distribution of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs). Our review of Ag NP biological fate data shows that most of the evidence gathered for Ag NPs body burden actually points to total Ag and not only Ag NPs. On the other hand, Ag NPs were found inside the cells and tissues of some organisms, but comprehensive explanation of the mechanism(s) of NP entry and/or in situ formation is usually lacking. In many cases, the methods used to detect NPs inside the cells could not discriminate between ions and particles. There is currently no single technique that would discriminate between the metals species, and at the same time enable localization and quantification of NPs down to the cellular level. This paper serves as an orientation towards selection of the appropriate method for studying the fate of Ag NPs in line with their properties and the specific question to be addressed in the study. Guidance is given for method selection for quantification of NP uptake, biodistribution, precise tissue and cell localization, bioaccumulation, food chain transfer and modeling studies regarding the optimum combination of methods and key factors to consider.</p>", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "spectroscopy", "Review", "01 natural sciences", "quantification", "body burden", "internalization", "03 medical and health sciences", "bioaccumulation", "microscopy", "silver nanoparticles review", "info:eu-repo/classification/udc/620.3", "biodistribution", "throughput", "performance", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/11/6/957/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/ma11060957"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Materials", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/ma11060957", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/ma11060957", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/ma11060957"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-06-05T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/ma14216566", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:21:24Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-11-02", "title": "Influence of Pyrolysis Temperature on the Heavy Metal Sorption Capacity of Biochar from Poultry Manure", "description": "<p>Sorption properties of various biochars have been extensively investigated by many researchers. One of the parameters that have a significant impact on sorption properties is pyrolysis temperature. This paper presents a study on the effect of pyrolysis temperature (425, 575, 725 \uffc2\uffb0C) on the sorption properties of poultry-manure-derived biochar (BPM). The produced biochars, i.e., BPM425, BPM575 and BPM725, demonstrated specific properties at 425, 525 and 752 \uffc2\uffb0C such as high pH (10.40, 10.65 and 12.45), high ash contents (52.07, 61.74 and 78.38%) and relatively low BET (Brunauer, Emmett and Teller) surface area (11, 17 and 19 m2\uffc2\uffb7g\uffe2\uff88\uff921). The analysis of the mineral phases of the BPMs confirmed the buffering capacity. The investigated biochars were tested for sorption of Zn, Cd and Pb in mono-, double- and triple-metal batch sorption tests. According to the obtained results, biochar produced at a temperature of 575 \uffc2\uffb0C (BPM575) can function as a sufficient sorbent for the removal of Zn, Cd and Pb from a water solution. The presented results do not confirm the effect of competing metal ions on the sorption efficiency of the selected metals by the investigated biochars. Based on that, the studied biochar sorbents can be used in environments contaminated with many metals.</p>", "keywords": ["ADSORPTION", "sorption", "pyrolysis temperature", "poultry manure", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "PERFORMANCE", "FEEDSTOCK SOURCES", "01 natural sciences", "AQUEOUS-SOLUTION", "Article", "MECHANISMS", "CARBON", "Chemistry", "poultry manure; biochar; pyrolysis temperature; sorption; heavy metals; soil contamination", "REMOVAL", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "CD(II)", "STRAW", "biochar", "heavy metals", "FRACTIONS", "soil contamination", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/21/6566/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/21/6566/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14216566"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Materials", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/ma14216566", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/ma14216566", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/ma14216566"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/membranes12070662", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:21:24Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-06-28", "title": "A Review on Removal and Destruction of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) by Novel Membranes", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) are anthropogenic chemicals consisting of thousands of individual species. PFAS consists of a fully or partly fluorinated carbon\u2013fluorine bond, which is hard to break and requires a high amount of energy (536 kJ/mole). Resulting from their unique hydrophobic/oleophobic nature and their chemical and mechanical stability, they are highly resistant to thermal, chemical, and biological degradation. PFAS have been used extensively worldwide since the 1940s in various products such as non-stick household items, food-packaging, cosmetics, electronics, and firefighting foams. Exposure to PFAS may lead to health issues such as hormonal imbalances, a compromised immune system, cancer, fertility disorders, and adverse effects on fetal growth and learning ability in children. To date, very few novel membrane approaches have been reported effective in removing and destroying PFAS. Therefore, this article provides a critical review of PFAS treatment and removal approaches by membrane separation systems. We discuss recently reported novel and effective membrane techniques for PFAS separation and include a detailed discussion of parameters affecting PFAS membrane separation and destruction. Moreover, an estimation of cost analysis is also included for each treatment technology. Additionally, since the PFAS treatment technology is still growing, we have incorporated several future directions for efficient PFAS treatment.</p></article>", "keywords": ["novel membranes", "Chemical technology", "PFAS", "TP1-1185", "Review", "PFAS; nanofiltration; reverse osmosis; novel membranes; hybrid membranes; coupled technology", "coupled technology", "01 natural sciences", "3. Good health", "reverse osmosis", "Chemical engineering", "nanofiltration", "TP155-156", "hybrid membranes", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/12/7/662/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes12070662"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Membranes", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/membranes12070662", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/membranes12070662", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/membranes12070662"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-06-27T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/microplastics2010001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:21:26Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-12-27", "title": "Microplastics: A review of policies and responses", "description": "<p>Although (micro)plastic contamination is a worldwide concern, most scientific literature only restates that issue rather than presenting strategies to cope with it. This critical review assembles the current knowledge on policies and responses to tackle plastic pollution, including peer-reviewed scientific literature, gray literature and relevant reports to provide: (1) a timeline of policies directly or indirectly addressing microplastics; (2) the most up-to-date upstream responses to prevent microplastics pollution, such as circular economy, behavioral change, development of bio-based polymers and market-based instruments as well as source-specific strategies, focusing on the clothing industry, tire and road wear particles, antifouling paints and recreational activities; (3) a set of downstream responses tackling microplastics, such as waste to energy, degradation, water treatment plants and litter clean-up strategies; and examples of (4) multifaceted responses focused on both mitigating and preventing microplastics pollution, e.g., approaches implemented in fisheries and aquaculture facilities. Preventive strategies and multifaceted responses are postulated as pivotal to handling the exacerbated release of microplastics in the environment, while downstream responses stand out as auxiliary strategies to the chief upstream responses. The information gathered here bridges the knowledge gaps on (micro)plastic pollution by providing a synthesized baseline material for further studies addressing this environmental issue.</p>", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "ddc:550", "QH301-705.5", "QD415-436", "Microbiology", "Biochemistry", "01 natural sciences", "downstream responses", "QR1-502", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "mitigation", "prevention", "13. Climate action", "policymaking", "Life Science", "microplastic contamination", "14. Life underwater", "Biology (General)", "upstream responses", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2673-8929/2/1/1/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/microplastics2010001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Microplastics", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/microplastics2010001", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/microplastics2010001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/microplastics2010001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-12-23T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/molecules25122723", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:21:26Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-06-16", "title": "Ammonium Recovery and Biogas Upgrading in a Tubular Micro-Pilot Microbial Electrolysis Cell (MEC)", "description": "<p>Here, a 12-liter tubular microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) was developed as a post treatment unit for simultaneous biogas upgrading and ammonium recovery from the liquid effluent of an anaerobic digestion process. The MEC configuration adopted a cation exchange membrane to separate the inner anodic chamber and the external cathodic chamber, which were filled with graphite granules. The cathodic chamber performed the CO2 removal through the bioelectromethanogenesis reaction and alkalinity generation while the anodic oxidation of a synthetic fermentate partially sustained the energy demand of the process. Three different nitrogen load rates (73, 365, and 2229 mg N/Ld) were applied to the inner anodic chamber to test the performances of the whole process in terms of COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) removal, CO2 removal, and nitrogen recovery. By maintaining the organic load rate at 2.55 g COD/Ld and the anodic chamber polarization at +0.2 V vs. SHE (Standard Hydrogen Electrode), the increase of the nitrogen load rate promoted the ammonium migration and recovery, i.e., the percentage of current counterbalanced by the ammonium migration increased from 1% to 100% by increasing the nitrogen load rate by 30-fold. The CO2 removal slightly increased during the three periods, and permitted the removal of 65% of the influent CO2, which corresponded to an average removal of 2.2 g CO2/Ld. During the operation with the higher nitrogen load rate, the MEC energy consumption, which was simultaneously used for the different operations, was lower than the selected benchmark technologies, i.e., 0.47 kW/N\uffc2\uffb7m3 for CO2 removal and 0.88 kW\uffc2\uffb7h/kg COD for COD oxidation were consumed by the MEC while the ammonium nitrogen recovery consumed 2.3 kW\uffc2\uffb7h/kg N.</p>", "keywords": ["Bioelectric Energy Sources", "Nitrogen", "Organic chemistry", "Pilot Projects", "Waste Disposal", " Fluid", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "Article", "Electrolysis", "biogas upgrading", " nitrogen recovery", " microbial electrolysis cell", " bioelectromethanogenesis", " digestate", "biogas upgrading", "QD241-441", "Bioreactors", "Ammonium Compounds", "Anaerobiosis", "Cation Exchange Resins", "Electrodes", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "Biological Oxygen Demand Analysis", "Electrochemical Techniques", "microbial electrolysis cell", "6. Clean water", "Biodegradation", " Environmental", "13. Climate action", "digestate", "Biofuels", "nitrogen recovery", "bioelectromethanogenesis"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/12/2723/pdf"}, {"href": "https://iris.uniroma1.it/bitstream/11573/1415412/1/Cristiani_Ammonium_2020.pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/12/2723/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25122723"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Molecules", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/molecules25122723", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/molecules25122723", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/molecules25122723"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-06-12T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/plants11152070", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:21:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-08-09", "title": "Identification of Soil Properties Associated with the Incidence of Banana Wilt Using Supervised Methods", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Over the last few decades, a growing incidence of Banana Wilt (BW) has been detected in the banana-producing areas of the central zone of Venezuela. This disease is thought to be caused by a fungal\u2013bacterial complex, coupled with the influence of specific soil properties. However, until now, there was no consensus on the soil characteristics associated with a high incidence of BW. The objective of this study was to identify the soil properties potentially associated with BW incidence, using supervised methods. The soil samples associated with banana plant lots in Venezuela, showing low (n = 29) and high (n = 49) incidence of BW, were collected during two consecutive years (2016 and 2017). On those soils, sixteen soil variables, including the percentage of sand, silt and clay, pH, electrical conductivity, organic matter, available contents of K, Na, Mg, Ca, Mn, Fe, Zn, Cu, S and P, were determined. The Wilcoxon test identified the occurrence of significant differences in the soil variables between the two groups of BW incidence. In addition, Orthogonal Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (OPLS-DA) and the Random Forest (RF) algorithm was applied to find soil variables capable of distinguishing banana lots showing high or low BW incidence. The OPLS-DA model showed a proper fitting of the data (R2Y: 0.61, p value &lt; 0.01), and exhibited good predictive power (Q2: 0.50, p value &lt; 0.01). The analysis of the Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) curves by RF revealed that the combination of Zn, Fe, Ca, K, Mn and Clay was able to accurately differentiate 84.1% of the banana lots with a sensitivity of 89.80% and a specificity of 72.40%. So far, this is the first study that identifies these six soil variables as possible new indicators associated with BW incidence in soils of lacustrine origin in Venezuela.</p></article>", "keywords": ["calcium; clay; iron; machine learning; random forest; zinc", "0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "0303 health sciences", "calcium", "Iron", "zinc", "Botany", "clay", "15. Life on land", "Article", "Zinc", "03 medical and health sciences", "iron", "machine learning", "QK1-989", "Machine learning", "Clay", "Calcium", "random forest", "Random forest"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/15/2070/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/15/2070/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11152070"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plants", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/plants11152070", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/plants11152070", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/plants11152070"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-08-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/molecules27092683", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:21:26Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-04-24", "title": "Dating sediments by EPR using Al-h centre: a comparison be-tween the properties of fine (4-11 \u03bcm) and coarse (> 63 \u03bcm) quartz grains", "description": "<p>The possibility of EPR dating for sediments using Al-h signals of fine (4\uffe2\uff80\uff9311 \uffce\uffbcm) grains of quartz has not been previously discussed. Here, the Al-h and peroxy EPR spectra of fine (4\uffe2\uff80\uff9311 \uffce\uffbcm) and coarse (63\uffe2\uff80\uff9390, 125\uffe2\uff80\uff93180 \uffce\uffbcm) sedimentary quartz from thoroughly investigated loess sites in Eastern Europe were examined. By comparing experimental spectra with a simulated signal, we evaluated the overestimation observed when using the standard approach established by Toyoda and Falgu\uffc3\uffa8res to measure Al-h intensity for different doses of radiation, up to 40,000 Gy. This overestimation, caused by the presence of peroxy signals, was much more pronounced for fine grains. Fine grains exhibited some additional dose-dependent signals, which, for some samples, caused a complete distortion of the Al-h spectra at high doses, making it impossible to measure the standard amplitude. We propose a new approach to measuring Al-h signal intensity, focusing on the peak-to-baseline amplitude of the part of the signal at g \uffe2\uff89\uff88 2.0603, which is not affected by the peroxy signals and therefore has the potential of providing more accurate results. The shapes of dose response curves constructed for coarse and fine grains using the new approach show considerable similarity, suggesting that Al-h centre formation in fine and coarse grains upon artificial radiation at room temperature follows the same pattern.</p>", "keywords": ["dose response curve", "fine grains", "Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy", "Organic chemistry", "Quartz", "electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR); electron spin resonance (ESR); quartz; Al-h centre; fine grains; dose response curve", "quartz", "01 natural sciences", "Article", "electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR)", "QD241-441", "Al-h centre", "electron spin resonance (ESR)", "Europe", " Eastern", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/9/2683/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/9/2683/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27092683"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Molecules", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/molecules27092683", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/molecules27092683", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/molecules27092683"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-04-21T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/mps3010019", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:21:26Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-02-28", "title": "Single Aliquot Regeneration (SAR) Optically Stimulated Luminescence Dating Protocols Using Different Grain-Sizes of Quartz: Revisiting the Chronology of Mircea Vod\u0103 Loess-Paleosol Master Section (Romania)", "description": "<p>The loess-paleosol archive from Mircea Vod\uffc4\uff83 (Romania) represents one of the most studied sections in Europe. We are applying here the current state of the art luminescence dating protocols for revisiting the chronology of this section. Analysis were performed on fine (4\uffe2\uff80\uff9311 \uffc2\uffb5m) and coarse (63\uffe2\uff80\uff9390 \uffc2\uffb5m) quartz extracts using the single aliquot regenerative (SAR) optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating protocol. Laboratory generated SAR dose response curves in the high dose range (5 kGy for fine quartz and 2 kGy for coarse quartz) were investigated by employing a test dose of either 17 or 170 Gy. The results confirm the previously reported different saturation characteristics of the two quartz fractions, with no evident dependency of the equivalent dose (De) on the size of the test dose. The OSL SAR ages are discussed and compared to the previously obtained results on quartz and feldspars. The previous reports regarding the chronological discrepancy between the two quartz fractions are confirmed. However, while previous investigations on other sites concluded that this discrepancy appears only above equivalent doses of about 100 Gy, here fine grain quartz ages underestimate coarse quartz ages starting with equivalent doses as low as around 50 Gy.</p>", "keywords": ["grain size", "QH301-705.5", "luminescence dating; loess; optically stimulated luminescence; single aliquot regeneration protocol; quartz; grain size", "luminescence dating", "optically stimulated luminescence", "Biology (General)", "loess", "quartz", "01 natural sciences", "single aliquot regeneration protocol", "Article", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2409-9279/3/1/19/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2409-9279/3/1/19/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/mps3010019"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Methods%20and%20Protocols", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/mps3010019", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/mps3010019", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/mps3010019"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-02-27T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/proceedings2023092082", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:21:28Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-01-24", "title": "The Impact of Microplastics on Soil Invertebrates", "description": "As a result of plastic pollution and intentional use of plastics in agriculture, small plastic particles called microplastics (<1 mm) are commonly found in soils [...]", "keywords": ["microplastics", "plastics-associated chemicals", "crustaceans", "agricultural plastics", "A", "terrestrial invertebrates", "insects", "01 natural sciences", "General Works", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Anita Jemec Kokalj", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2023092082"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/International%20Conference%20EcoBalt%202023%20%27Chemicals%20%26amp%3Bamp%3B%20Environment%27", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/proceedings2023092082", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/proceedings2023092082", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/proceedings2023092082"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-01-24T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/plants10061124", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:21:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-06-02", "title": "Lemna minor Cultivation for Treating Swine Manure and Providing Micronutrients for Animal Feed", "description": "<p>The potential of Lemna minor to valorise agricultural wastewater into a protein-rich feed component to meet the growing demand for animal feed protein and reduce the excess of nutrients in certain European regions was investigated. Three pilot-scale systems were monitored for nine weeks under outdoor conditions in Flanders. The systems were fed with a mixture of the liquid fraction and the biological effluent of a swine manure treatment system diluted with rainwater in order that the weekly N and P addition was equal to the N and P removal by the system. The design tested the accumulation of elements in a continuous recirculation system. Potassium, Cl, S, Ca, and Mg were abundantly available in the swine manure wastewaters and tended to accumulate, being a possible cause of concern for long-operating recirculation systems. The harvested duckweed was characterised for its mineral composition and protein content. In animal husbandry, trace elements are specifically added to animal feed as micronutrients and, thus, feedstuffs biofortified with essential trace elements can provide added value. Duckweed grown on the tested mixture of swine manure waste streams could be considered as a source of Mn, Zn, and Fe for swine feed, while it is not a source of Cu for swine feed. Moreover, it was observed that As, Cd, and Pb content were below the limits of the feed Directive 2002/32/EC in the duckweed grown on the tested medium. Overall, these results demonstrate that duckweed can effectively remove nutrients from agriculture wastewaters in a recirculated system while producing a feed source with a protein content of 35% DM.</p>", "keywords": ["Agriculture and Food Sciences", "CONSTRUCTED WETLAND", "mineral supplements", "01 natural sciences", "Article", "BIOMASS", "12. Responsible consumption", "REMOVAL", "agricultural wastewater", "WASTE-WATER", "nutrient recovery", "remediation", "Lemnaceae", "ACCUMULATION", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "feed safety", "Botany", "PERFORMANCE", "6. Clean water", "NITROGEN", "PHOSPHORUS", "QK1-989", "GROWTH", "accumulation", "DUCKWEED"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/6/1124/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10061124"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plants", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/plants10061124", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/plants10061124", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/plants10061124"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/plants10112340", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-04T16:21:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-11-02", "title": "Brassica Species in Phytoextractions: Real Potentials and Challenges", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>The genus Brassica is recognized for including species with phytoaccumulation potential and a large amount of research has been carried out in this area under a variety of conditions, from laboratory experiments to field trials, with spiked or naturally contaminated soils, using one- or multi-element contaminated soil, generating various and sometimes contradictory results with limited practical applications. To date, the actual field potential of Brassica species and the feasibility of a complete phytoextraction process have not been fully evaluated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to summarize the results of the experiments that have been performed with a view to analyzing real potentials and limitations. The reduced biomass and low metal mobility in the soil have been addressed by the development of chemically or biologically assisted phytoremediation technologies, the use of soil amendments, and the application of crop management strategies. Certain issues, such as the fate of harvested biomass or the performance of species in multi-metal-contaminated soils, remain to be solved by future research. Potential improvements to current experimental settings include testing species grown to full maturity, using a greater amount of soil in experiments, conducting more trials under real field conditions, developing improved crop management systems, and optimizing solutions for harvested biomass disposal.</p></article>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "biomass", "metal", "<i>Brassicaceae</i>", "Botany", "metals", "contaminated soils", "field trials", "Review", "15. Life on land", "assisted phytoextraction", "01 natural sciences", "contaminated soil", "QK1-989", "Brassicaceae", "brassicas", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/11/2340/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10112340"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plants", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/plants10112340", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/plants10112340", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/plants10112340"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-10-29T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/photochem4040030", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-04T16:21:26Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-11-28", "title": "Excitation\u2013Emission Fluorescence Mapping Analysis of Microplastics That Are Typically Pollutants", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs) pose a significant threat to marine and human life due to their immense toxicity. To protect these ecosystems, the development of reliable technologies for MNP detection, characterisation, and removal is vital. While FTIR and Raman spectroscopy are established methods for MNP analysis, fluorescence (FL) spectroscopy has recently emerged as a promising alternative. However, most prior research relies on FL emission probing with a single excitation wavelength for MNP detection. In this study, we introduce a two-dimensional (2D) fluorescence excitation\u2013emission (FLE) mapping method for the detection of commonly found microplastics, namely polystyrene (PS), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and polypropylene (PP). The FLE mapping technique enables the collective recording of emission spectra across a range of excitation wavelengths, revealing the dominant excitation\u2013emission features of different microplastics. This research advances the field by offering a non-destructive and label-free identification of MNP contamination through the use of FL spectral fingerprints.</p></article>", "keywords": ["microplastic detection", "Chemistry", "label-free sensing", "02 engineering and technology", "fluorescence spectroscopy", "0210 nano-technology", "QD1-999", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/photochem4040030"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Photochem", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/photochem4040030", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/photochem4040030", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/photochem4040030"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-11-28T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/plants12071443", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:21:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-03-24", "title": "Do Nitrogen and Phosphorus Additions Affect Nitrogen Fixation Associated with Tropical Mosses?", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Tropical cloud forests are characterized by abundant and biodiverse mosses which grow epiphytically as well as on the ground. Nitrogen (N)-fixing cyanobacteria live in association with most mosses, and contribute greatly to the N pool via biological nitrogen fixation (BNF). However, the availability of nutrients, especially N and phosphorus (P), can influence BNF rates drastically. To evaluate the effects of increased N and P availability on BNF in mosses, we conducted a laboratory experiment where we added N and P, in isolation and combined, to three mosses (Campylopus sp., Dicranum sp. and Thuidium peruvianum) collected from a cloud forest in Peru. Our results show that N addition almost completely inhibited BNF within a day, whereas P addition caused variable results across moss species. Low N2 fixation rates were observed in Campylopus sp. across the experiment. BNF in Dicranum sp. was decreased by all nutrients, while P additions seemed to promote BNF in T. peruvianum. Hence, each of the three mosses contributes distinctively to the ecosystem N pool depending on nutrient availability. Moreover, increased N input will likely significantly decrease BNF associated with mosses also in tropical cloud forests, thereby limiting N input to these ecosystems via the moss-cyanobacteria pathway.</p></article>", "keywords": ["nutrient limitation", "cyanobacteria; ecosystem ecology; global change; mosses; nitrogen fixation; nutrient limitation; phosphorus; tropical cloud forest", "Botany", "ecosystem ecology", "15. Life on land", "Milj\u00f6vetenskap", "cyanobacteria", "Article", "mosses", "13. Climate action", "nitrogen fixation", "QK1-989", "tropical cloud forest", "phosphorus", "Environmental Sciences", "global change"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/7/1443/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/7/1443/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12071443"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plants", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/plants12071443", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/plants12071443", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/plants12071443"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-03-24T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/plants12112165", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:21:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-05-31", "title": "Multivariate Interaction Analysis of Zea mays L. Genotypes Growth Productivity in Different Environmental Conditions", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Evaluating maize genotypes under different conditions is important for identifying which genotypes combine stability with high yield potential. The aim of this study was to assess stability and the effect of the genotype\u2013environment interaction (GEI) on the grain yield traits of four maize genotypes grown in field trials; one control trial without nitrogen, and three applying different levels of nitrogen (0, 70, 140, and 210 kg ha\u22121, respectively). Across two growing seasons, both the phenotypic variability and GEI for yield traits over four maize genotypes (P0725, P9889, P9757 and P9074) grown in four different fertilization treatments were studied. The additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) models were used to estimate the GEI. The results revealed that genotype and environmental effects, such as the GEI effect, significantly influenced yield, as well as revealing that maize genotypes responded differently to different conditions and fertilization measures. An analysis of the GEI using the IPCA (interaction principal components) analysis method showed the statistical significance of the first source of variation, IPCA1. As the main component, IPCA1 explained 74.6% of GEI variation in maize yield. Genotype G3, with a mean grain yield of 10.6 t ha\u22121, was found to be the most stable and adaptable to all environments in both seasons, while genotype G1 was found to be unstable, following its specific adaptation to the environments.</p></article>", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "0303 health sciences", "03 medical and health sciences", "productivity", "grain yield productivity", "grain yield", "QK1-989", "maize; grain yield productivity; genotype by environment interaction", "Botany", "genotype by environment interaction", "maize", "Article"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/11/2165/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12112165"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plants", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/plants12112165", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/plants12112165", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/plants12112165"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-05-30T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/plants13091212", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:21:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-04-29", "title": "Precision Estimation of Crop Coefficient for Maize Cultivation Using High-Resolution Satellite Imagery to Enhance Evapotranspiration Assessment in Agriculture", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>The estimation of crop evapotranspiration (ETc) is crucial for irrigation water management, especially in arid regions. This can be particularly relevant in the Po Valley (Italy), where arable lands suffer from drought damages on an annual basis, causing drastic crop yield losses. This study presents a novel approach for vegetation-based estimation of crop evapotranspiration (ETc) for maize. Three years of high-resolution multispectral satellite (Sentinel-2)-based Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), Normalized Difference Red Edge Index (NDRE), and Leaf Area Index (LAI) time series data were used to derive crop coefficients of maize in nine plots at the Acqua Campus experimental farm of Irrigation Consortium for the Emilia Romagna Canal (CER), Italy. Since certain vegetation indices (VIs) (such as NDVI) have an exponential nature compared to the other indices, both linear and power regression models were evaluated to estimate the crop coefficient (Kc). In the context of linear regression, the correlations between Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)-based Kc and NDWI, NDRE, NDVI, and LAI-based Kc were 0.833, 0.870, 0.886, and 0.771, respectively. Strong correlation values in the case of power regression (NDWI: 0.876, NDRE: 0.872, NDVI: 0.888, LAI: 0.746) indicated an alternative approach to provide crop coefficients for the vegetation period. The VI-based ETc values were calculated using reference evapotranspiration (ET0) and VI-based Kc. The weather station data of CER were used to calculate ET0 based on Penman-Monteith estimation. Out of the Vis, NDWI and NDVI-based ETc performed the best both in the cases of linear (NDWI RMSE: 0.43 \u00b1 0.12; NDVI RMSE: 0.43 \u00b1 0.095) and power (NDWI RMSE: 0.44 \u00b1 0.116; NDVI RMSE: 0.44 \u00b1 0.103) approaches. The findings affirm the efficacy of the developed methodology in accurately assessing the evapotranspiration rate. Consequently, it offers a more refined temporal estimation of water requirements for maize cultivation in the region.</p></article>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Botany", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "vegetation index-based K<sub>c</sub>", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Article", "6. Clean water", "maize water demand", "QK1-989", "vegetation index-based crop evapotranspiration", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Sentinel-2", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/13/9/1212/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13091212"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plants", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/plants13091212", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/plants13091212", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/plants13091212"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-04-27T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/polym12071530", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-04T16:21:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-07-10", "title": "Eco-Conversion of Two Winery Lignocellulosic Wastes into Fillers for Biocomposites: Vine Shoots and Wine Pomaces", "description": "<p>Two winery residues, namely vine shoots (ViSh) and wine pomace (WiPo), were up-cycled as fillers in PHBV-based biocomposites. Answering a biorefinery approach, the impact of a preliminary polyphenols extraction step using an acetone/water mixture on the reinforcing effect of fillers was assessed. Biocomposites (filler content up to 20 wt%) were prepared by melt-mixing and compared in terms of final performance (thermal, mechanical and barrier). It was shown that the reinforcing effect was slightly better in the case of vine shoots, while it was not significantly affected by the pre-treatment, demonstrating that these two winery residues could be perfectly used as fillers in composite materials even after an extraction process to maximize their potential of valorization.</p>", "keywords": ["biocomposite", "660", "[SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "mechanical properties", "15. Life on land", "vine shoot", "01 natural sciences", "Article", "extraction process", "Biocomposite; vine shoot; wine pomace; extraction process; mechanical properties", "[SDE.IE] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering", "wine pomace", "0210 nano-technology", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/12/7/1530/pdf"}, {"href": "https://cris.unibo.it/bitstream/11585/765607/4/45-2020%20Polymers-red%20grapes%20composites.pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/12/7/1530/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/polym12071530"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Polymers", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/polym12071530", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/polym12071530", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/polym12071530"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-07-10T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/plants9121804", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:21:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-12-21", "title": "Genotype \u00d7 Environment Interaction for Wheat Yield Traits Suitable for Selection in Different Seed Priming Conditions", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Different seed priming treatments are widely used in order to improve the nutritional status of wheat, as well as to improve its grain yield and yield- related traits. The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of seed priming with zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) on the yield related traits, such as, field emergence, plant height, spike length and grain yield per plant of four winter wheat genotypes (Triticum aestivum L.) during two vegetation seasons of 2018/2019 and 2019/2020. The seeds of each wheat genotypes were primed with different concentrations of ZnO NPs (0 mg L\u22121, 10 mg L\u22121, 100 mg L\u22121 and 1000 mg L\u22121) for 48 h in a dark box by continuous aeration and were sown in soil pots with 60\u201370% moisture content until full maturity. The additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) models were used to study the genotype environment effects. The results indicated that the plants response to ZnO nanoparticles significantly increased all of the observed traits of the wheat, while its maximum rates reduced the traits of the wheat. The AMMI analysis revealed the very complex nature of the variation observed in the trial and showed the significant effect of the G\u00d7E interaction, in which the first main component was significant for all components.</p></article>", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "wheat;\u00a0zinc oxide nanoparticles;\u00a0GEI;\u00a0AMMI", "AMMI", "GEI", "Botany", "zinc oxide nanoparticles", "Ammi", "Vegetation", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Article", "Seed priming", "Horticulture", "13. Climate action", "wheat", "QK1-989", "Grain yield", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Multiplicative interaction", "Gene\u2013environment interaction", "Aeration", "Water content"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/9/12/1804/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/9/12/1804/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9121804"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plants", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/plants9121804", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/plants9121804", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/plants9121804"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-12-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/rs12071181", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-04T16:21:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-04-08", "title": "Multi-Scale Evaluation of the TSEB Model over a Complex Agricultural Landscape in Morocco", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>An accurate assessment of evapotranspiration (ET) is crucially needed at the basin scale for studying the hydrological processes and water balance especially from upstream to downstream. In the mountains, this term is poorly understood because of various challenges, including the vegetation complexity, plant diversity, lack of available data and because the in situ direct measurement of ET is difficult in complex terrain. The main objective of this work was to investigate the potential of a Two-Source-Energy-Balance model (TSEB) driven by the Landsat and MODIS data for estimating ET over a complex mountain region. The complexity is associated with the type of the vegetation canopy as well as the changes in topography. For validating purposes, a large-aperture scintillometer (LAS) was set up over a heterogeneous transect of about 1.4 km to measure sensible (H) and latent heat (LE) fluxes. Additionally, two towers of eddy covariance (EC) systems were installed along the LAS transect. First, the model was tested at the local scale against the EC measurements using multi-scale remote sensing (MODIS and Landsat) inputs at the satellite overpasses. The obtained averaged values of the root mean square error (RMSE) and correlation coefficient (R) were about 72.4 Wm\u22122 and 0.79 and 82.0 Wm\u22122 and 0.52 for Landsat and MODIS data, respectively. Secondly, the potential of the TSEB model for evaluating the latent heat fluxes at large scale was investigated by aggregating the derived parameters from both satellites based on the LAS footprint. As for the local scale, the comparison of the latent heat fluxes simulated by TSEB driven by Landsat data performed well against those measured by the LAS (R = 0.69, RMSE = 68.0 Wm\u22122), while slightly more scattering was observed when MODIS products were used (R = 0.38, RMSE = 99.8 Wm\u22122). Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that (1) the TSEB model can be fairly used to estimate the evapotranspiration over the mountain regions; and (2) medium- to high-resolution inputs are a better option than coarse-resolution products for describing this kind of complex terrain.</p></article>", "keywords": ["covariance system", "eddy covariance system", "550", "latent heat flux; sensible heat flux; two-source energy balance; eddy covariance system; scintillometer", "Science", "Q", "0207 environmental engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "sensible heat flux", "two-source energy balance", "7. Clean energy", "01 natural sciences", "[SDV.EE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", " environment", "latent heat flux", "13. Climate action", "[SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", "14. Life underwater", "eddy", "environment", "scintillometer", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/7/1181/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/7/1181/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12071181"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Remote%20Sensing", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/rs12071181", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/rs12071181", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/rs12071181"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-04-07T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/pr12081695", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:21:28Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-08-13", "title": "Plant-Based Substrates for the Production of Iron Bionanoparticles (Fe-BNPs) and Application in PCB Degradation with Bacterial Strains", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Removing polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) from the environment is an important process for the protection of biota. This work examines three different approaches to the degradation of such contaminants. The first involves the use of iron bionanoparticles (Fe-BNPs) prepared through green synthesis from selected plant matrices. The second approach entails the use of the bacteria Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (SM) and Ochrobactrum anthropi (OA) isolated from a PCB-contaminated area, Str\u00e1\u017esky canal, located in the Slovak republic, which receives efflux of canal from Chemko Str\u00e1\u017eske plant, a former producer of PCB mixtures. The third approach combines these two methods, employing a sequential hybrid two-step application of Fe-BNPs from the plant matrix followed by the application of bacterial strains. Fe-BNPs are intended to be an eco-friendly alternative to synthetic nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI), which is commonly used in many environmental applications. This work also addresses the optimization parameters for using nZVI in PCB degradation, including the pH of the reaction, oxygen requirements, and dosage of nZVI. Pure standards of polyphenols (gallic acid, GA) and flavonoids (quercetin, Q) were tested to produce Fe-BNPs using green synthesis at different concentrations (0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.8, and 1 g.L\u22121) and were subsequently applied to the PCB degradation experiments. This step monitored the minimum content of bioactive substances needed for the synthesis of Fe-BNPs and their degradation effects. Experimental analysis indicated that among the selected approaches, sequential nanobiodegradation appears to be the most effective for PCB degradation, specifically the combination of Fe-BNPs from sage and bacteria SM (75% degradation of PCBs) and Fe-BNPs from GA (0.3 g.L\u22121) with bacteria OA (92% degradation of PCBs).</p></article>", "keywords": ["0404 agricultural biotechnology", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9717/12/8/1695/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/pr12081695"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Processes", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/pr12081695", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/pr12081695", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/pr12081695"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-08-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/pr9030405", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-04T16:21:28Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-02-25", "title": "Effects of the Feeding Solution Composition on a Reductive/Oxidative Sequential Bioelectrochemical Process for Perchloroethylene Removal", "description": "<p>Chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons (CAHs) are common groundwater contaminants due to their improper use in several industrial activities. Specialized microorganisms are able to perform the reductive dechlorination (RD) of high-chlorinated CAHs such as perchloroethylene (PCE), while the low-chlorinated ethenes such as vinyl chloride (VC) are more susceptible to oxidative mechanisms performed by aerobic dechlorinating microorganisms. Bioelectrochemical systems can be used as an effective strategy for the stimulation of both anaerobic and aerobic microbial dechlorination, i.e., a biocathode can be used as an electron donor to perform the RD, while a bioanode can provide the oxygen necessary for the aerobic dechlorination reaction. In this study, a sequential bioelectrochemical process constituted by two membrane-less microbial electrolysis cells connected in series has been, for the first time, operated with synthetic groundwater, also containing sulphate and nitrate, to simulate more realistic process conditions due to the possible establishment of competitive processes for the reducing power, with respect to previous research made with a PCE-contaminated mineral medium (with neither sulphate nor nitrate). The shift from mineral medium to synthetic groundwater showed the establishment of sulphate and nitrate reduction and caused the temporary decrease of the PCE removal efficiency from 100% to 85%. The analysis of the RD biomarkers (i.e., Dehalococcoides mccartyi 16S rRNA and tceA, bvcA, vcrA genes) confirmed the decrement of reductive dechlorination performances after the introduction of the synthetic groundwater, also characterized by a lower ionic strength and nutrients content. On the other hand, the system self-adapted the flowing current to the increased demand for the sulphate and nitrate reduction, so that reducing power was not in defect for the RD, although RD coulombic efficiency was less.</p>", "keywords": ["Reductive dechlorination", "oxidative dechlorination", "bioremediation", "reductive dechlorination", "01 natural sciences", "reductive dechlorination; oxidative dechlorination; bioelectrochemical systems; bioremediation", "bioelectrochemical systems", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "3. Good health"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2227-9717/9/3/405/pdf"}, {"href": "https://iris.uniroma1.it/bitstream/11573/1514918/1/Dell%e2%80%99Armi_Effects-feeding-solution_2021.pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9717/9/3/405/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/pr9030405"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Processes", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/pr9030405", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/pr9030405", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/pr9030405"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-02-24T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/rs12121946", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:21:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-06-17", "title": "Multiplatform-SfM and TLS Data Fusion for Monitoring Agricultural Terraces in Complex Topographic and Landcover Conditions", "description": "<p>Agricultural terraced landscapes, which are important historical heritage sites (e.g., UNESCO or Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) sites) are under threat from increased soil degradation due to climate change and land abandonment. Remote sensing can assist in the assessment and monitoring of such cultural ecosystem services. However, due to the limitations imposed by rugged topography and the occurrence of vegetation, the application of a single high-resolution topography (HRT) technique is challenging in these particular agricultural environments. Therefore, data fusion of HRT techniques (terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) and aerial/terrestrial structure from motion (SfM)) was tested for the first time in this context (terraces), to the best of our knowledge, to overcome specific detection problems such as the complex topographic and landcover conditions of the terrace systems. SfM\uffe2\uff80\uff93TLS data fusion methodology was trialed in order to produce very high-resolution digital terrain models (DTMs) of two agricultural terrace areas, both characterized by the presence of vegetation that covers parts of the subvertical surfaces, complex morphology, and inaccessible areas. In the unreachable areas, it was necessary to find effective solutions to carry out HRT surveys; therefore, we tested the direct georeferencing (DG) method, exploiting onboard multifrequency GNSS receivers for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and postprocessing kinematic (PPK) data. The results showed that the fusion of data based on different methods and acquisition platforms is required to obtain accurate DTMs that reflect the real surface roughness of terrace systems without gaps in data. Moreover, in inaccessible or hazardous terrains, a combination of direct and indirect georeferencing was a useful solution to reduce the substantial inconvenience and cost of ground control point (GCP) placement. We show that in order to obtain a precise data fusion in these complex conditions, it is essential to utilize a complete and specific workflow. This workflow must incorporate all data merging issues and landcover condition problems, encompassing the survey planning step, the coregistration process, and the error analysis of the outputs. The high-resolution DTMs realized can provide a starting point for land degradation process assessment of these agriculture environments and supplies useful information to stakeholders for better management and protection of such important heritage landscapes.</p>", "keywords": ["data fusion", "VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Geosciences: 450", "coregistration", "Science", "VDP::Technology: 500", "Q", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "direct georeferencing", "01 natural sciences", "VDP::Teknologi: 500", "data fusion; coregistration; TLS; SfM; terrace; direct georeferencing", "terrace", "13. Climate action", "SfM", "TLS", "VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Geofag: 450", "Coregistration; Data fusion; Direct georeferencing; SfM; Terrace; TLS", "General Earth and Planetary Sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/162083/1/remotesensing_12_01946.pdf"}, {"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/12/1946/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.research.unipd.it/bitstream/11577/3345525/1/Cucchiaro%20et%20al.%20%282020%29.pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/12/1946/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12121946"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Remote%20Sensing", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/rs12121946", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/rs12121946", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/rs12121946"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-06-17T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/pr12050935", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-04T16:21:28Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-05-03", "title": "Investigating Salt Precipitation in Continuous Supercritical Water Gasification of Biomass", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>The formation of solid deposits in the process of supercritical water gasification (SCWG) is one of the main problems hindering the commercial application of the process. Seven experiments were conducted with the grass Reed Canary Grass with different preheating temperatures, but all ended early due to the formation of solid deposits (maximum operation of 3.8 h). The position of solid deposits in the lab plant changed with the variation in the temperature profile. Since the formation of solid deposits consisting of salts, coke, and corrosion products is a severe issue that needs to be resolved in order to enable long-time operation, inner temperature measurements were conducted to determine the temperature range that corresponds with the zone of solid formation. The temperature range was found to be 400 to 440 \u00b0C. Wherever this temperature was first reached solid deposits occurred in the system that led to blockage of the flow. Additional to the influence of the temperature, the influence of the flow direction (up-flow or down-flow) on the operation of the continuous SCWG plant was examined. If salts are not separated from the system sufficiently, up-flow reactors should be avoided because they amplify the accumulation of solid deposits leading to a shortened operation time. The heating concept coupled with the salt separation needs to be redesigned in order to separate the salts before entering the gasification reactors. Outside of the determined temperature zone no deposition was visible. Thus, even though the gasification efficiency was low it could be shown that the operation was limited to the deposits forming in the heating section and not by incomplete gasification in the reactor where T &gt; 600 \u00b0C.</p></article>", "keywords": ["Technology", "ddc:600", "process design", "biomass", "gasification", "600", "02 engineering and technology", "supercritical water", "540", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/600", "0204 chemical engineering", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/pr12050935"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Processes", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/pr12050935", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/pr12050935", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/pr12050935"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-05-03T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/proceedings1080755", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-04T16:21:28Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-11-22", "title": "A Monitoring Approach to Smart Infrastructure Management", "description": "Technical infrastructure forms a main pillar of the modern world, hosting our built environment, serving transportation and communication needs, as well as enabling the generation and transfer of energy. [...]", "keywords": ["n/a", "A", "11. Sustainability", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "General Works", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Eleni Chatzi", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/8/755/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings1080755"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Proceedings%20of%20the%205th%20International%20Symposium%20on%20Sensor%20Science%20%28I3S%202017%29", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/proceedings1080755", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/proceedings1080755", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/proceedings1080755"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-11-22T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/rs11091138", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:21:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-05-13", "title": "Advances in the Remote Sensing of Terrestrial Evaporation", "description": "<p>Characterizing the terrestrial carbon, water, and energy cycles depends strongly on a capacity to accurately reproduce the spatial and temporal dynamics of land surface evaporation. For this, and many other reasons, monitoring terrestrial evaporation across multiple space and time scales has been an area of focused research for a number of decades. Much of this activity has been supported by developments in satellite remote sensing, which have been leveraged to deliver new process insights, model development and methodological improvements. In this Special Issue, published contributions explored a range of research topics directed towards the enhanced estimation of terrestrial evaporation. Here we summarize these cutting-edge efforts and provide an overview of some of the state-of-the-art approaches for retrieving this key variable. Some perspectives on outstanding challenges, issues, and opportunities are also presented.</p>", "keywords": ["Atmospheric sciences", "CubeSats", "Life on Land", "Classical Physics", "Science", "0207 environmental engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "high-resolution", "01 natural sciences", "Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience", "Article", "evaporation", "land surface modeling", "remote sensing", "Engineering", "novel sensing", "Physical geography and environmental geoscience", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "Earth observation", "Q", "Geomatic engineering", "15. Life on land", "Geomatic Engineering", "land surface flux", "13. Climate action", "cubesats"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/9/1138/pdf"}, {"href": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt1sh5v7hp/qt1sh5v7hp.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11091138"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Remote%20Sensing", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/rs11091138", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/rs11091138", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/rs11091138"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-05-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/rs11222596", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-04T16:21:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-11-07", "title": "Deriving Field Scale Soil Moisture from Satellite Observations and Ground Measurements in a Hilly Agricultural Region", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Agricultural and hydrological applications could greatly benefit from soil moisture (SM) information at sub-field resolution and (sub-) daily revisit time. However, current operational satellite missions provide soil moisture information at either lower spatial or temporal resolution. Here, we downscale coarse resolution (25\u201336 km) satellite SM products with quasi-daily resolution to the field scale (30 m) using the random forest (RF) machine learning algorithm. RF models are trained with remotely sensed SM and ancillary variables on soil texture, topography, and vegetation cover against SM measured in the field. The approach is developed and tested in an agricultural catchment equipped with a high-density network of low-cost SM sensors. Our results show a strong consistency between the downscaled and observed SM spatio-temporal patterns. We found that topography has higher predictive power for downscaling than soil texture, due to the hilly landscape of the study area. Furthermore, including a proxy of vegetation cover results in considerable improvements of the performance. Increasing the training set size leads to significant gain in the model skill and expanding the training set is likely to further enhance the accuracy. When only limited in-situ measurements are available as training data, increasing the number of sensor locations should be favored over expanding the duration of the measurements for improved downscaling performance. In this regard, we show the potential of low-cost sensors as a practical and cost-effective solution for gathering the necessary observations. Overall, our findings highlight the suitability of using ground measurements in conjunction with machine learning to derive high spatially resolved SM maps from coarse-scale satellite products.</p></article>", "keywords": ["advanced scatterometer (ascat)", "2. Zero hunger", "soil moisture; downscaling; advanced scatterometer (ASCAT); soil moisture active passive (SMAP); random forest; low-cost sensor", "soil moisture active passive (smap)", "Science", "Q", "downscaling", "soil moisture", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "random forest", "low-cost sensor", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/22/2596/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/22/2596/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11222596"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Remote%20Sensing", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/rs11222596", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/rs11222596", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/rs11222596"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-11-06T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/rs12040638", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:21:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-02-20", "title": "Historical Aerial Surveys Map Long-Term Changes of Forest Cover and Structure in the Central Congo Basin", "description": "<p>Given the impact of tropical forest disturbances on atmospheric carbon emissions, biodiversity, and ecosystem productivity, accurate long-term reporting of Land-Use and Land-Cover (LULC) change in the pre-satellite era (&lt;1972) is an imperative. Here, we used a combination of historical (1958) aerial photography and contemporary remote sensing data to map long-term changes in the extent and structure of the tropical forest surrounding Yangambi (DR Congo) in the central Congo Basin. Our study leveraged structure-from-motion and a convolutional neural network-based LULC classifier, using synthetic landscape-based image augmentation to map historical forest cover across a large orthomosaic (~93,431 ha) geo-referenced to ~4.7 \uffc2\uffb1 4.3 m at submeter resolution. A comparison with contemporary LULC data showed a shift from previously highly regular industrial deforestation of large areas to discrete smallholder farming clearing, increasing landscape fragmentation and providing opportunties for substantial forest regrowth. We estimated aboveground carbon gains through reforestation to range from 811 to 1592 Gg C, partially offsetting historical deforestation (2416 Gg C), in our study area. Efforts to quantify long-term canopy texture changes and their link to aboveground carbon had limited to no success. Our analysis provides methods and insights into key spatial and temporal patterns of deforestation and reforestation at a multi-decadal scale, providing a historical context for past and ongoing forest research in the area.</p>", "keywords": ["Agriculture and Food Sciences", "0301 basic medicine", "aerial survey", "550", "Science", "CONSERVATION", "ANTHROPOGENIC DISTURBANCE", "03 medical and health sciences", "TROPICAL DEFORESTATION", "RATES", "congo basin", "[SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environment and Society", "cnn", "580", "CARBON EMISSIONS", "aerial survey; data recovery; CNN; deep learning; SfM; Congo Basin", "0303 health sciences", "PHOTOGRAPHS", "Q", "deep learning", "15. Life on land", "Congo Basin", "LAND-COVER", "sfm", "13. Climate action", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "SfM", "cavelab", "General Earth and Planetary Sciences", "CO2", "VEGETATION", "SELF-SIMILARITY", "CNN", "data recovery"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/4/638/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/4/638/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12040638"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Remote%20Sensing", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/rs12040638", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/rs12040638", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/rs12040638"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-02-14T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/rs12101621", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-04T16:21:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-05-20", "title": "Potential for the Detection of Irrigation Events on Maize Plots Using Sentinel-1 Soil Moisture Products", "description": "<p>Although the real timing and flow rates used for crop irrigation are controlled at the scale of individual plots by the irrigator, they are not generally known by the farm upper management. This information is nevertheless essential, not only to compute the water balance of irrigated plots and to schedule irrigation, but also for the management of water resources at regional scales. The aim of the present study was to detect irrigation timing using time series of surface soil moisture (SSM) derived from Sentinel-1 radar observations. The method consisted of assessing the direction of change of surface soil moisture (SSM) between observations and a water balance model, and to use thresholds to be calibrated. The performance of the approach was assessed on the F-score quantifying the accuracy of the irrigation event detections and ranging from 0 (none of the irrigation timing is correct) to 100 (perfect irrigation detection). The study focused on five irrigated and one rainfed plot of maize in South-West France, where the approach was tested using in situ measurements and surface soil moisture (SSM) maps derived from Sentinel-1 radar data. The use of in situ data showed that (1) irrigation timing was detected with a good accuracy (F-score in the range (80\uffe2\uff80\uff9383) for all plots) and (2) the optimal revisit time between two SSM observations was 2\uffe2\uff80\uff934 days. The higher uncertainties of microwave SSM products, especially when the crop is well developed (normalized difference of vegetation index (NDVI) &gt; 0.7), degraded the score (F-score = 69), but various possibilities of improvement were discussed. This paper opens perspectives for the irrigation detection at the plot scale over large areas and thus for the improvement of irrigation water management.</p>", "keywords": ["[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "FAO-56", "2. Zero hunger", "550", "Science", "Q", "sprinkler; corn; France; irrigation timing; FAO-56; surface soil moisture; SAR", "15. Life on land", "surface soil moisture", "630", "6. Clean water", "surface soil", "corn", "moisture", "irrigation timing", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "[SDE.ES] Environmental Sciences/Environment and Society", "sprinkler", "France", "[SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environment and Society", "SAR"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/10/1621/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/10/1621/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12101621"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Remote%20Sensing", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/rs12101621", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/rs12101621", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/rs12101621"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-05-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/rs11212557", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-04T16:21:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-10-31", "title": "Correcting Position Error in Precipitation Data Using Image Morphing", "description": "<p>Rainfall estimates based on satellite data are subject to errors in the position of the rainfall events in addition to errors in their intensity. This is especially true for localized rainfall events such as the convective rainstorms that occur during the monsoon season in sub-Saharan Africa. Many satellite-based estimates use gauge information for bias correction. However, bias adjustment methods do not correct the position errors explicitly. We propose to gauge-adjust satellite-based estimates with respect to the position using a morphing method. Image morphing transforms an image, in our case a rainfall field, into another one, by applying a spatial transformation. A benefit of this approach is that it can take both the position and the intensity of a rain event into account. Its potential is investigated with two case studies. In the first case, the rain events are synthetic, represented by elliptic shapes, while the second case uses real data from a rainfall event occurring during the monsoon season in southern Ghana. In the second case, the satellite-based estimate IMERG-Late (Integrated Multi-Satellite Retrievals for GPM ) is adjusted to gauge data from the Trans-African Hydro-Meteorological Observatory (TAHMO) network. The results show that the position errors can be corrected, while preserving the higher spatial variability of the satellite-based estimate.</p>", "keywords": ["Morphing", "Satellite-based precipitation", "550", "Gauge data", "imerg", "Science", "Q", "tahmo", "Precipitation estimation", "morphing", "satellite-based precipitation", "01 natural sciences", "field displacement", "13. Climate action", "gauge data", "TAHMO", "IMERG", "precipitation estimation", "Field displacement", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/21/2557/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/21/2557/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11212557"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Remote%20Sensing", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/rs11212557", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/rs11212557", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/rs11212557"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-10-31T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/rs12010072", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-04T16:21:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-12-24", "title": "Evaluation of Backscattering Models and Support Vector Machine for the Retrieval of Bare Soil Moisture from Sentinel-1 Data", "description": "<p>The main objective of this work was to retrieve surface soil moisture (SSM) by using scattering models and a support vector machine (SVM) technique driven by backscattering coefficients obtained from Sentinel-1 satellite images acquired over bare agricultural soil in the Tensfit basin of Morocco. Two backscattering models were selected in this study due to their wide use in inversion procedures: the theoretical integral equation model (IEM) and the semi-empirical model (Oh). To this end, the sensitivity of the SAR backscattering coefficients at     V V     (    \uffcf\uff83  v v  \uffe2\uff88\uff98    ) and     V H     (    \uffcf\uff83  v h  \uffe2\uff88\uff98    ) polarizations to in situ soil moisture data were analyzed first. As expected, the results showed that over bare soil the     \uffcf\uff83  v v  \uffe2\uff88\uff98     was well correlated with SSM compared to the     \uffcf\uff83  v h  \uffe2\uff88\uff98    , which showed more dispersion with correlation coefficients values (r) of about     0.84     and     0.61     for the     V V     and     V H     polarizations, respectively. Afterwards, these values of     \uffcf\uff83  v v  \uffe2\uff88\uff98     were compared to those simulated by the backscatter models. It was found that IEM driven by the measured length correlation L slightly underestimated SAR backscatter coefficients compared to the Oh model with a bias of about     \uffe2\uff88\uff92 0.7     dB and     \uffe2\uff88\uff92 1.2     dB and a root mean square (RMSE) of about     1.1     dB and     1.5     dB for Oh and IEM models, respectively. However, the use of an optimal value of L significantly improved the bias of IEM, which became near to zero, and the RMSE decreased to     0.9     dB. Then, a classical inversion approach of     \uffcf\uff83  v v  \uffe2\uff88\uff98     observations based on backscattering model is compared to a data driven retrieval technic (SVM). By comparing the retrieved soil moisture against ground truth measurements, it was found that results of SVM were very encouraging and were close to those obtained by IEM model. The bias and RMSE were about 0.28 vol.% and 2.77 vol.% and     \uffe2\uff88\uff92 0.13     vol.% and 2.71 vol.% for SVM and IEM, respectively. However, by taking into account the difficultly of obtaining roughness parameter at large scale, it was concluded that SVM is still a useful tool to retrieve soil moisture, and therefore, can be fairly used to generate maps at such scales.</p>", "keywords": ["[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "soil moisture; synthetic aperture radar (SAR); Sentinel-1; semi-empirical and theoretical backscatter models; support vector machine; bare soil", "550", "Science", "sentinel-1", "Q", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "0207 environmental engineering", "support vector", "02 engineering and technology", "synthetic aperture radar (SAR)", "15. Life on land", "543", "bare soil", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "Sentinel-1", "support vector machine", "soil moisture", "synthetic aperture radar (sar)", "semi-empirical and theoretical backscatter models", "machine"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/1/72/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/1/72/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12010072"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Remote%20Sensing", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/rs12010072", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/rs12010072", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/rs12010072"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-12-24T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/rs12040654", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-04T16:21:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-02-20", "title": "Joint Exploitation of SAR and GNSS for Atmospheric Phase Screens Retrieval Aimed at Numerical Weather Prediction Model Ingestion", "description": "<p>This paper proposes a simple and fast method to estimate Atmospheric Phase Screens (APSs) by jointly exploit a stack of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images and a dataset of GNSS-derived atmospheric product. The output of this processing is conceived to be ingested by Numerical Weather Prediction Models (NWPMs) to improve weather forecasts. In order to provide wide and dense area coverage and to respect requirements in terms of spatial resolution of ingestion products in NWPMs, both Permanent Scatterers (PSs) and Distributed Scatterers (DSs) are jointly exploited. While the formers are by definition stable targets, but unevenly distributed, the latter are ubiquitous but stable only within a certain temporal baseline that can vary depending on the operational frequency of the radar. The proposed method is thus particularly suited for C, L, and P band missions with low temporal baseline between two consecutive acquisitions of the same scene: these conditions, that are both necessary to provide the dense space-time coverage required by meteorologists, allow for a reliable and robust estimation of APSs thanks to the intrinsic limitation of temporal decorrelation. The proposed technique integrates Zenith Total Delay (ZTD) products computed on a very sparse grid from a network of GNSS stations to correct for SAR orbital errors and to provide the missing phase constant from the derived APS map. In this paper, the complete workflow is explained, and a comparison of the derived APSs is performed with phase screens derived from state-of-the-art SAR processing workflow (SqueeSAR\uffc2\uffae).</p>", "keywords": ["atmospheric phase screen", "gnss", "13. Climate action", "Science", "Q", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "synthetic aperture radar; atmospheric phase screen; GNSS", "02 engineering and technology", "01 natural sciences", "Atmospheric phase screen; GNSS; Synthetic aperture radar", "synthetic aperture radar", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/4/654/pdf"}, {"href": "https://re.public.polimi.it/bitstream/11311/1133358/1/remotesensing-12-00654-v2.pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/4/654/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12040654"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Remote%20Sensing", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/rs12040654", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/rs12040654", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/rs12040654"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-02-17T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/rs12091512", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:21:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-05-11", "title": "Rapid Determination of Soil Class Based on Visible-Near Infrared, Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy and Data Fusion", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Wise soil management requires detailed soil information, but conventional soil class mapping in a rather coarse spatial resolution cannot meet the demand for precision agriculture. With the advantages of non-destructiveness, rapid cost-efficiency, and labor savings, the spectroscopic technique has proved its high potential for success in soil classification. Previous studies mainly focused on predicting soil classes using a single sensor. In this study, we attempted to compare the predictive ability of visible near infrared (vis-NIR) spectra, mid-infrared (MIR) spectra, and their fused spectra for soil classification. A total of 146 soil profiles were collected from Zhejiang, China, and the soil properties and spectra were measured by their genetic horizons. Along with easy-to-measure auxiliary soil information (soil organic matter, soil texture, color and pH), four spectral data, including vis-NIR, MIR, their simple combination (vis-NIR-MIR), and outer product analysis (OPA) fused spectra, were used for soil classification using a multiple objectives mixed support vector machine model. The independent validation results showed that the classification model using MIR (accuracy of 64.5%) was slightly better than that using vis-NIR (accuracy of 64.2%). The predictive model built on vis-NIR-MIR did not improve the classification accuracy, having the lowest accuracy of 61.1%, which likely resulted from an over-fitting problem. The model based on OPA fused spectra performed best with an accuracy of 68.4%. Our results prove the potential of fusing vis-NIR and MIR using OPA for improving prediction ability for soil classification.</p></article>", "keywords": ["[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "support vector machine; vis-NIR; MIR; outer product analysis; soil classification", "2. Zero hunger", "Science", "Q", "vis-NIR", "MIR", "soil classification", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "771", "630", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "support vector machine", "outer product analysis"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/9/1512/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/9/1512/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12091512"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Remote%20Sensing", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/rs12091512", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/rs12091512", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/rs12091512"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-05-09T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/rs12101671", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:21:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-05-25", "title": "Temporal Calibration of an Evaporation-Based Spatial Disaggregation Method of SMOS Soil Moisture Data", "description": "<p>The resolution of current satellite surface soil moisture (SM) estimates is very low, of tens of kilometers, which proves to be insufficient for various agricultural and hydrological applications. Amongst the existing downscaling approaches of remotely sensed SM, DISPATCH (DISaggregation based on a Physical And Theoretical scale CHange) improves the resolution of SMOS (Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity) soil moisture data using soil evaporative efficiency (SEE) estimates at high resolution (HR) and a SEE(SM) model implemented at low resolution (LR). Defined as the ratio of actual to potential soil evaporation, SEE can be derived from the remotely sensed land surface temperature (LST) and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). The current version of DISPATCH uses a linear SEE(SM) model. This study aims at improving the SEE(SM) model and testing different calibration strategies, to ultimately have more robust and better downscaled SM products. A nonlinear SEE(SM) model is introduced and its influence on the derived HR SM products is studied over a range of conditions. Each model, linear and nonlinear, is calibrated from remote sensing data on a daily and a multi-date basis. The approaches were tested over two mixed dry and irrigated areas in Catalonia, Spain, and over one dry area in Morocco. When using the linear model, better statistical results were generally obtained using a daily calibration (current version of DISPATCH), most notably over one Spanish site. However, the best results were systematically obtained for an annually calibrated nonlinear model, in terms of all metrics considered: correlation coefficient, slope of the linear regression, bias, unbiased root mean square error. In particular, when using the annually calibrated nonlinear SEE (SM) model, the temporal slope of the linear regression between disaggregated and in situ soil moisture increased to 1.16 and 0.75 for one Spanish site and for the Moroccan site (as opposed to 0.44 and 0.58, respectively, when using the linear model with a daily calibration). The temporal correlation coefficient increased to 0.47 and 0.54 over the Spanish sites (as opposed to 0.18 and 0.27, respectively, when using the linear model with a daily calibration). Those contrasted results indicate compensation effects between the model type and the calibration strategy. Taking into account studies that report the strong nonlinear behavior of the SEE with respect to SM, the introduction of the nonlinear SEE(SM) model in DISPATCH, combined with a multi-date calibration, is proven to perform significantly better under various conditions, leading to more robust disaggregated SM products. The SEE modeling based on the nonlinear SM model, with a multi-date calibration, could be integrated into the CATDS\uffe2\uff80\uff94Centre Aval de Traitement des Donn\uffc3\uffa9es SMOS as a future product, as well as into existing evapotranspiration models, which are based on a combination of thermal and microwave data.</p>", "keywords": ["550", "Science", "Evaporation", "0207 environmental engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "551", "01 natural sciences", "evaporation", "Disaggregation", "Downscaling", "14. Life underwater", "[SDU.STU.HY]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "Q", "downscaling", "15. Life on land", "[SDU.ENVI] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", " environment", "6. Clean water", "MODIS", "13. Climate action", "disaggregation", "[SDU.STU.HY] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology", "Soil moisture", "[SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", "soil moisture", "environment", "SMOS"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/10/1671/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/10/1671/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12101671"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Remote%20Sensing", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/rs12101671", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/rs12101671", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/rs12101671"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-05-23T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/rs13163101", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:21:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-08-06", "title": "Cereal yield forecasting with satellite drought-based indices, weather data and regional climate indices using machine learning in Morocco.", "description": "<p>Accurate seasonal forecasting of cereal yields is an important decision support tool for countries, such as Morocco, that are not self-sufficient in order to predict, as early as possible, importation needs. This study aims to develop an early forecasting model of cereal yields (soft wheat, barley and durum wheat) at the scale of the agricultural province considering the 15 most productive over 2000\uffe2\uff80\uff932017 (i.e., 15 \uffc3\uff97 18 = 270 yields values). To this objective, we built on previous works that showed a tight linkage between cereal yields and various datasets including weather data (rainfall and air temperature), regional climate indices (North Atlantic Oscillation in particular), and drought indices derived from satellite observations in different wavelengths. The combination of the latter three data sets is assessed to predict cereal yields using linear (Multiple Linear Regression, MLR) and non-linear (Support Vector Machine, SVM; Random Forest, RF, and eXtreme Gradient Boost, XGBoost) machine learning algorithms. The calibration of the algorithmic parameters of the different approaches are carried out using a 5-fold cross validation technique and a leave-one-out method is implemented for model validation. The statistical metrics of the models are first analyzed as a function of the input datasets that are used, and as a function of the lead times, from 4 months to 2 months before harvest. The results show that combining data from multiple sources outperformed models based on one dataset only. In addition, the satellite drought indices are a major source of information for cereal prediction when the forecasting is carried out close to harvest (2 months before), while weather data and, to a lesser extent, climate indices, are key variables for earlier predictions. The best models can accurately predict yield in January (4 months before harvest) with an R2 = 0.88 and RMSE around 0.22 t. ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921. The XGBoost method exhibited the best metrics. Finally, training a specific model separately for each group of provinces, instead of one global model, improved the prediction performance by reducing the RMSE by 10% to 35% depending on the provinces. In conclusion, the results of this study pointed out that combining remote sensing drought indices with climate and weather variables using a machine learning technique is a promising approach for cereal yield forecasting.</p>", "keywords": ["[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "330", "Science", "[SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences", "[INFO] Computer Science [cs]", "crop yield forecasting", "01 natural sciences", "630", "indices", "[INFO]Computer Science [cs]", "Climate indices", "remote sensing drought indices", "weather data", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Remote sensing drought indices", "climate indices", "remote sensing drought", "Q", "Crop yield forecasting", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "semiarid region", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "machine learning", "13. Climate action", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "crop yield forecasting; machine learning; remote sensing drought indices; climate indices; weather data; semiarid region", "[SDU.STU] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Semiarid region"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/16/3101/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/16/3101/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13163101"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Remote%20Sensing", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/rs13163101", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/rs13163101", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/rs13163101"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-08-06T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/rs13163272", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:21:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-08-19", "title": "UAV-Based Land Cover Classification for Hoverfly (Diptera: Syrphidae) Habitat Condition Assessment: A Case Study on Mt. Stara Planina (Serbia)", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Habitat degradation, mostly caused by human impact, is one of the key drivers of biodiversity loss. This is a global problem, causing a decline in the number of pollinators, such as hoverflies. In the process of digitalizing ecological studies in Serbia, remote-sensing-based land cover classification has become a key component for both current and future research. Object-based land cover classification, using machine learning algorithms of very high resolution (VHR) imagery acquired by an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) was carried out in three different study sites on Mt. Stara Planina, Eastern Serbia. UAV land cover classified maps with seven land cover classes (trees, shrubs, meadows, road, water, agricultural land, and forest patches) were studied. Moreover, three different classification algorithms\u2014support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), and k-NN (k-nearest neighbors)\u2014were compared. This study shows that the random forest classifier performs better with respect to the other classifiers in all three study sites, with overall accuracy values ranging from 0.87 to 0.96. The overall results are robust to changes in labeling ground truth subsets. The obtained UAV land cover classified maps were compared with the Map of the Natural Vegetation of Europe (EPNV) and used to quantify habitat degradation and assess hoverfly species richness. It was concluded that the percentage of habitat degradation is primarily caused by anthropogenic pressure, thus affecting the richness of hoverfly species in the study sites. In order to enable research reproducibility, the datasets used in this study are made available in a public repository.</p></article>", "keywords": ["<i>Map of the Natural Vegetation of Europe</i>", "Orfeo ToolBox", "unmanned aerial vehicle; object-based image analysis; Orfeo ToolBox; QGIS; random forest; hoverfly; Map of the Natural Vegetation of Europe", "Science", "Q", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Unmanned aerial vehicle", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Object-based image analysis", "Map of the Natural Vegetation of Europe", "13. Climate action", "unmanned aerial vehicle;\u00a0object-based image analysis;\u00a0Orfeo ToolBox;\u00a0QGIS;\u00a0random forest;\u00a0hoverfly;\u00a0Map of the Natural Vegetation of Europe", "unmanned aerial vehicle", "object-based image analysis", "Hoverfly", "QGIS", "random forest", "Random forest", "hoverfly", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/16/3272/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13163272"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Remote%20Sensing", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/rs13163272", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/rs13163272", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/rs13163272"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-08-18T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/rs13183789", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:21:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-09-22", "title": "Optimizing the Sowing Date to Improve Water Management and Wheat Yield in a Large Irrigation Scheme, through a Remote Sensing and an Evolution Strategy-Based Approach", "description": "<p>This study aims to investigate the effects of an optimized sowing calendar for wheat over a surface irrigation scheme in the semi-arid region of Haouz (Morocco) on irrigation water requirements, crop growth and development and on yield. For that, a scenario-based simulation approach based on the covariance matrix adaptation\uffe2\uff80\uff93evolution strategy (CMA-ES) was proposed to optimize both the spatiotemporal distribution of sowing dates and the irrigation schedules, and then evaluate wheat crop using the 2011\uffe2\uff80\uff932012 growing season dataset. Six sowing scenarios were simulated and compared to identify the most optimal spatiotemporal sowing calendar. The obtained results showed that with reference to the existing sowing patterns, early sowing of wheat leads to higher yields compared to late sowing (from 7.40 to 5.32 t/ha). Compared with actual conditions in the study area, the spatial heterogeneity is highly reduced, which increased equity between farmers. The results also showed that the proportion of plots irrigated in time can be increased (from 40% to 82%) compared to both the actual irrigation schedules and to previous results of irrigation optimization, which did not take into consideration sowing dates optimization. Furthermore, considerable reduction of more than 40% of applied irrigation water can be achieved by optimizing sowing dates. Thus, the proposed approach in this study is relevant for irrigation managers and farmers since it provides an insight on the consequences of their agricultural practices regarding the wheat sowing calendar and irrigation scheduling and can be implemented to recommend the best practices to adopt.</p>", "keywords": ["[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "evolutionary algorithm", "grain yield", "Science", "Q", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "seeding date", "15. Life on land", "water resources", "01 natural sciences", "630", "6. Clean water", "irrigation scheduling", "wheat", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "seeding date; irrigation scheduling; evolutionary algorithm; optimization; water resources; wheat; grain yield", "optimization", "water re- sources"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/18/3789/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/18/3789/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13183789"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Remote%20Sensing", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/rs13183789", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/rs13183789", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/rs13183789"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-09-21T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/rs13214195", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:21:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-10-20", "title": "Sentinel-2 Recognition of Uncovered and Plastic Covered Agricultural Soil", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Medium resolution satellite data, such as Sentinel-2 of the Copernicus programme, offer great new opportunities for the agricultural sector, and provide insights on soil surface characteristics and their management. Soil monitoring requires a high-quality dataset of uncovered and plastic covered agricultural soil. We developed a methodology to identify uncovered soil pixels in agricultural parcels during seedbed preparation and considered the impacts of clouds and shadows, vegetation cover, and artificial covers, such as those of greenhouses and plastic mulch films. We preserved the spatial and temporal integrity of parcels in the process and analysed spectral anomalies and their sources. The approach is based on freely available tools, namely Google Earth Engine and R Programming packages. We tested the methodology on the northern region of Belgium, which is characterised by small, fragmented parcels. We selected a period between mid-April to end-May, when active agricultural management practices leave the soil bare in preparation for the main cropping season. The spectral angle mapper was used to identify soil covered by non-plastic greenhouses or temporary soil covers, such as plastic mulch films. The effect of underlying soil on temporary covers was considered. The retrogressive plastic greenhouse index was used for detecting plastic greenhouses. The result was a high quality dataset of potential bare uncovered agricultural soil that allows further soil surface characterisation. This offered an improved understanding of the use of artificial covers, their spatial distribution, and their corresponding crops during the considered period. Artificial covers occurred most frequently in maize parcels. The approach resulted in precision values exceeding 0.9 for the detection of temporary covers and non-plastic greenhouses and a sensitivity value exceeding 0.95 for non-plastic and plastic greenhouses.</p></article>", "keywords": ["Technology", "SURFACE", "Science", "Environmental Sciences & Ecology", "TEXTURE", "artificial cover", "ALMERIA", "0203 Classical Physics", "soil", "Remote Sensing", "SUPPORT", "0909 Geomatic Engineering", "Geosciences", " Multidisciplinary", "Imaging Science & Photographic Technology", "agriculture", "2. Zero hunger", "plastic mulch", "Science & Technology", "IDENTIFICATION", "soil; agriculture; Sentinel-2; artificial cover; plastic mulch", "Q", "Geology", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "CLOUD", "REFLECTANCE", "RESOLUTION", "13. Climate action", "Physical Sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "4013 Geomatic engineering", "Sentinel-2", "GREENHOUSE", "0406 Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience", "Life Sciences & Biomedicine", "3701 Atmospheric sciences", "Environmental Sciences", "3709 Physical geography and environmental geoscience"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/21/4195/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/21/4195/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13214195"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Remote%20Sensing", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/rs13214195", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/rs13214195", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/rs13214195"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-10-20T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=IRON&offset=3900&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=IRON&offset=3900&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "prev", "title": "items (prev)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=IRON&offset=3850", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "next", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (next)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=IRON&offset=3950", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 6884, "numberReturned": 50, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-04-04T23:35:42.533045Z"}