{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1007/s00253-012-4173-2", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-23T16:14:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-06-20", "title": "Pectin-Rich Biomass As Feedstock For Fuel Ethanol Production", "description": "The USA has proposed that 30\u00a0% of liquid transportation fuel be produced from renewable resources by 2030 (Perlack and Stokes 2011). It will be impossible to reach this goal using corn kernel-based ethanol alone. Pectin-rich biomass, an under-utilized waste product of the sugar and juice industry, can augment US ethanol supplies by capitalizing on this already established feedstock. Currently, pectin-rich biomass is sold (at low value) as animal feed. This review focuses on the three most studied types of pectin-rich biomass: sugar beet pulp, citrus waste and apple pomace. Fermentations of these materials have been conducted with a variety of ethanologens, including yeasts and bacteria. Escherichia coli can ferment a wide range of sugars including galacturonic acid, the primary component of pectin. However, the mixed acid metabolism of E. coli can produce unwanted side products. Saccharomyces cerevisiae cannot naturally ferment galacturonic acid nor pentose sugars but has a homoethanol pathway. Erwinia chrysanthemi is capable of degrading many of the cell wall components of pectin-rich materials, including pectin. Klebsiella oxytoca can metabolize a diverse array of sugars including cellobiose, one degradation product of cellulose. However, both E. chrysanthemi and K. oxytoca produce side products during fermentation, similar to E. coli. Using pectin-rich residues from industrial processes is beneficial because the material is already collected and partially pretreated to facilitate enzymatic deconstruction of the plant cell walls. Using biomass already produced for other purposes is an attractive practice because fewer greenhouse gases (GHG) will be anticipated from land-use changes.", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "0303 health sciences", "Bacteria", "Ethanol", "Fungi", "Industrial Waste", "Mini-Review", "15. Life on land", "Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology", "7. Clean energy", "12. Responsible consumption", "03 medical and health sciences", "13. Climate action", "Fermentation", "Food Industry", "Pectins", "Biomass", "Biotechnology"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Joy Doran-Peterson, Meredith C. Edwards,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-012-4173-2"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Microbiology%20and%20Biotechnology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00253-012-4173-2", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00253-012-4173-2", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00253-012-4173-2"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-06-14T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10646-009-0329-y", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-23T16:14:45Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-06-06", "title": "Trace Elements And Activity Of Antioxidative Enzymes In Cistus Ladanifer L. Growing On An Abandoned Mine Area", "description": "The Mediterranean shrub Cistus ladanifer grows naturally in S\u00e3o Domingos (Portugal), an abandoned copper mine. High levels of trace elements in plants can generate oxidative stress increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes. The aim of this work was to evaluate and compare As, Cu, Pb and Zn concentrations and the activity of the soluble and cell wall ionically bounded forms of the enzymes catalase, peroxidase and superoxide dismutase in leaves of C. ladanifer, collected in spring and summer, growing on S\u00e3o Domingos mine and on a non-contaminated area (Pomar\u00e3o). S\u00e3o Domingos soils showed high total concentrations of As (2.6 g kg(-1)) and Pb (7.3 g kg(-1)) however the available fraction represented less than 1.5% of the total. C. ladanifer population from mine showed tolerance to Pb and Zn, which attain in leaves concentrations considered toxic for plants. The enzymatic activity of catalase, peroxidise and superoxide dismutase varied with plant populations and seasons, although with no particular trend, being specific to each trace element and enzyme cell localization. Catalase activity was evenly distributed between the soluble and ionically bounded forms, whereas the ionically bounded form of peroxidase predominated relatively to total activity, and the opposite was observed for superoxide dismutase. Spring and summer leaves from the two areas presented enzymatic activities in both fractions except to peroxidase soluble activities in leaves collected in summer. C. ladanifer enzymatic activity seems to be related with the co-existence of different stress factors (trace elements concentration, temperature, UV radiation and drought). The survival and growth of this species on contaminated mining soils is due to the presence of effective antioxidant enzyme-based defence systems.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "trace elements", "Industrial Waste", "antioxidative enzymes", "Antioxidative enzymes", "01 natural sciences", "Mining", "Soil", "Cell Wall", "Soil Pollutants", "adaptative capacity", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "Trace elements", "Portugal", "Cistus", "Adaptative capacity", "15. Life on land", "Sulphide abandoned mine", "cistus ladanifer L.", "Trace Elements", "Plant Leaves", "Oxidative Stress", "sulphide abandoned mine", "Cistus ladanifer L.", "Oxidoreductases", "Copper"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-009-0329-y"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecotoxicology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10646-009-0329-y", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10646-009-0329-y", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10646-009-0329-y"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-06-05T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10646-012-0988-y", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-23T16:14:45Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-08-25", "title": "Nematodes As Bioindicators Of Soil Degradation Due To Heavy Metals", "description": "The effect of distance from a heavy metal pollution source on the soil nematode community was investigated on four sampling sites along an 4 km transect originating at the Kovohuty a.s. Krompachy (pollution source). The soil nematode communities were exposed to heavy metal influence directly and through soil properties changes. We quantified the relative effects of total and mobile fraction of metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn) on soil ecosystem using the nematode community structure (trophic and c-p groups,) and ecological indices (Richness of genera, H', MI2-5, etc.). Pollution effects on the community structure of soil free living nematodes was found to be the highest near the pollution source, with relatively low population density and domination of insensitive taxa. A decrease in heavy metals contents along the transect was linked with an increase in complexity of nematode community. The majority of used indices (MI2-5, SI, H') negatively correlated (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01) with heavy metals content and were sensitive to soil ecosystem disturbance. Contamination by heavy metals has negatively affected the soil environment, which resulted in nematode community structure and ecological indices changes. Results showed that the free-living nematodes are useful tools for bioindication of contamination and could be used as an alternative to the common approaches based on chemical methods.", "keywords": ["Population Density", "Slovakia", "Nematoda", "Industrial Waste", "Environmental Exposure", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Biota", "01 natural sciences", "Mass Spectrometry", "13. Climate action", "Metals", " Heavy", "Metallurgy", "Animals", "Soil Pollutants", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Environmental Monitoring", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-012-0988-y"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecotoxicology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10646-012-0988-y", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10646-012-0988-y", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10646-012-0988-y"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-08-26T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10661-006-5036-z", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-23T16:14:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-02-24", "title": "Distribution Of Metals In The Edible Plants Grown At Jajmau, Kanpur (India) Receiving Treated Tannery Wastewater: Relation With Physico-Chemical Properties Of The Soil", "description": "The implications of metal contamination of agricultural soils due to long term irrigation with treated industrial wastewater and their subsequent accumulation in the vegetables/crops growing on such soils has been assessed in an area of industrial complex, Jajmau, Kanpur (India). Physico-chemical properties of the soil were also studied. The soil and vegetables/crops were sampled from an area of 2100 acre agricultural land and analyzed for physico-chemical properties and metal accumulation in different parts of the plants. The comparison of the data of physico-chemical properties of control and contaminated soil showed that salinity, electrical conductivity, available phosphorous, sodium and potassium content (both water soluble and exchangeable) were found high in contaminated soil. The analysis of plant available metal content in the soil showed the highest level of Fe, which ranged from 529.02 to 2615 microg g(-1) dw and lowest level of Ni (3.12 to 10.51 microg g(-1) dw). The analysis of the results revealed that accumulation of toxic metal Cr in leafy vegetables was found more than fruit bearing vegetables/crops. Thus, it is recommended that the leafy vegetables are unsuitable to grow in such contaminated sites. It is important to note that toxic metal, Ni was not detected in all the plants. The edible part of the vegetables (under ground) such as, garlic (19.27 microg g(-1) dw), potato (11.81 microg g(-1) dw) and turmeric (20.86 microg g(-1) dw) has accumulated lowest level of toxic metal, Cr than leafy and fruit bearing vegetables. In some fruit part of vegetables such as, bitter gourd, egg plant, jack tree, maize and okra, the accumulation of Cr was not detected and may be grown in this area.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "India", "Industrial Waste", "Tanning", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Water Purification", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "Metals", " Heavy", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Plants", " Edible", "Environmental Monitoring", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "K. Bhatt, Sarita Sinha, Kunwar P. Singh, Kavita Pandey, Amit K. Gupta, U. N. Rai,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-006-5036-z"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Monitoring%20and%20Assessment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10661-006-5036-z", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10661-006-5036-z", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10661-006-5036-z"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-02-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s41061-019-0272-1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-23T16:15:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-07-01", "title": "Limitations and Prospects for Wastewater Treatment by UV and Visible-Light-Active Heterogeneous Photocatalysis: A Critical Review", "description": "Heterogeneous photocatalysis (HPC) has been widely investigated in recent decades for the removal of a number of contaminants from aqueous matrices, but its application in real wastewater treatment at full scale is still scarce. Indeed, process and technological limitations have made HPC uncompetitive with respect to consolidated processes/technologies so far. In this manuscript, these issues are critically discussed and reviewed with the aim of providing the reader with a realistic picture of the prospective application of HPC in wastewater treatment. Accordingly, consolidated and new photocatalysts (among which the visible active ones are attracting increasing interest among the scientific community), along with preparation methods, are reviewed to understand whether, with increased process efficiency, these methods can be realistically and competitively developed at industrial scale. Precipitation is considered as an attractive method for photocatalyst preparation at the industrial scale; sol-gel and ultrasound may be feasible only if no expensive metal precursor is used, while hydrothermal and solution combustion synthesis are expected to be difficult (expensive) to scale up. The application of HPC in urban and industrial wastewater treatment and possible energy recovery by hydrogen production are discussed in terms of current limitations and future prospects. Despite the fact that HPC has been studied for the removal of pollutants in aqueous matrices for two decades, its use in wastewater treatment is still at a 'technological research' stage. In order to accelerate the adoption of HPC at full scale, it is advisable to focus on investigations under real conditions and on developing/improving pilot-scale reactors to better investigate scale-up conditions and the potential to successfully address specific challenges in wastewater treatment through HPC. In realistic terms, the prospective use of HPC is more likely as a tertiary treatment of wastewater, particularly if more stringent regulations come into force, than as pretreatment for industrial wastewater to improve biodegradability.", "keywords": ["Energy recovery; Hydrogen production; Industrial wastewater; Photocatalysis; Technology readiness level; Urban wastewater; Bacteria; Biodegradation", " Environmental; Catalysis; Metals; Waste Disposal", " Fluid; Water Pollutants", " Chemical; Light; Ultraviolet Rays", "Bacteria", "Light", "Ultraviolet Rays", "02 engineering and technology", "Waste Disposal", " Fluid", "7. Clean energy", "01 natural sciences", "Catalysis", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "0104 chemical sciences", "Biodegradation", " Environmental", "Metals", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "0210 nano-technology", "Water Pollutants", " Chemical"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s41061-019-0272-1.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s41061-019-0272-1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Topics%20in%20Current%20Chemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s41061-019-0272-1", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s41061-019-0272-1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s41061-019-0272-1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-12-16T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.biortech.2008.02.048", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-23T16:15:24Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-04-12", "title": "Olive Orchard Amended With Two Experimental Olive Mill Wastes Mixtures: Effects On Soil Organic Carbon, Plant Growth And Yield", "description": "Amendments of olive orchard soil with two different preparations of olive mill solid waste (OMWMs) at the rate of 9tonha(-1) per year for five years in two different plots were compared with an industry standard soil amendment using urea. Both the OMWMs amendments showed significant increases in total organic carbon and humic substances in soil of approximately 40% and 58%, respectively, without negative effects on tree growth and yield. This work has shown that olive oil mill waste (OMW) can be recycled safely using the bioremediation system used in this study. We suggest that this system is particularly beneficial to organic farming and is an alternative solution to direct spreading of raw OMW on farm lands.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Industrial Waste", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Olive-mill waste", "Carbon", "6. Clean water", "Humification", "12. Responsible consumption", "Plant Leaves", "Soil", "Olea", "Amendment", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Organic carbon", "Humic Substances"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2008.02.048"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Bioresource%20Technology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.biortech.2008.02.048", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.biortech.2008.02.048", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.biortech.2008.02.048"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.biortech.2008.03.051", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-23T16:15:24Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-05-07", "title": "Short And Medium-Term Effects Of Two-Phase Olive Mill Waste Application On Olive Grove Production And Soil Properties Under Semiarid Mediterranean Conditions", "description": "A five-year field study was conducted to evaluate the potential use of oiled and de-oiled two-phase olive mill waste (TPOMW and DTPOMW, respectively) as soil amendment on a representative olive grove soil: a Cutanic Luvisol. Treatments included a non-amended control, TPOMW1, TPOMW2, DTPOMW1 and DTPOMW2 (30, 60, 27 and 54Mgha(-1) dry weight equivalent). Significant increases (P<0.05) in organic carbon, total N, available P and K, and aggregate stability were observed in the amended soils. Leaf analysis showed significant increases in N, P, and K concentrations in treated plots after the two first years of TPOMW or DTPOMW amendments. Also, a general increase in olive production was observed in the treated plots, this increase being higher in the TPOMW1 and DTPOMW1 treated soils. After five years of repeated TPOMW and DTPOMW application, the increase in yield was 29%, 9.8%, 30%, and 19% for TPOMW1, TPOMW2, DTPOMW1, and DTPOMW2, respectively. Raw TPOMW and DTPOMW have the potential to be valuable soil amendments and source of organic matter, with a positive effect on olive yield, and closing the cycle of residues-resources.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Time Factors", "Mediterranean Region", "Nitrogen", "Industrial Waste", "Water", "Phosphorus", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Plant Leaves", "Soil", "Olea", "Potassium", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2008.03.051"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Bioresource%20Technology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.biortech.2008.03.051", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.biortech.2008.03.051", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.biortech.2008.03.051"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.07.063", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-23T16:15:28Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-08-03", "title": "Changes In The Chemical Composition Of An Acidic Soil Treated With Marble Quarry And Marble Cutting Wastes", "description": "Soil acidity greatly affects the availability of plant nutrients. The level of soil acidity can be adjusted by treating the soil with certain additives. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of marble quarry waste (MQW) and marble cutting waste (MCW) on the chemical composition and the acidity of a soil. Marble wastes at different rates were applied to an acid soil. Their effectiveness in neutralizing the soil pH was compared with that of agricultural lime. The changes in the chemical composition of the soil were also evaluated with column test at the end of a 75-day incubation period. The results indicated that the MQW and MCW applications significantly increased the soil pH (from 4.71 up to 6.54), the CaCO3 content (from 0.33% up to 0.75%), and the exchangeable Ca (from 14.79 cmol kg(-1) up to 21.18 cmol kg(-1)) and Na (from 0.57 cmol kg(-1) up to 1.07 cmol kg(-1)) contents, but decreased the exchangeable K (from 0.46 cmol kg(-1) down to 0.28 cmol kg(-1)), the plant-available P (from 25.56 mg L(-1) down to 16.62 mg L(-1)), and the extractable Fe (from 259.43 mg L(-1) down to 55.4 mg L(-1)), Cu (from 1.97 mg L(-1) down to 1.42 mg L(-1)), Mn (from 17.89 mg L(-1) down to 4.61 mg L(-1)) and Zn (from 7.88 mg L(-1) down to 1.56 mg L(-1)) contents. In addition, the Cd (from 0.060 mg L(-1) down to 0.046 mg L(-1)), Ni (from 0.337 mg L(-1) down to 0.092 mg L(-1)) and Pb (from 28.00 mg L(-1) down to 20.08 mg L(-1)) concentrations decreased upon the treatment of the soil with marble wastes.", "keywords": ["Soil", "13. Climate action", "Industrial Waste", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Hydrogen-Ion Concentration", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Calcium Carbonate", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "\u00d6ZTA\u015e, Ta\u015fk\u0131n, AROL, AL\u0130 \u0130HSAN, KALKAN, Ekrem, Tozsin, G\u00fcl\u015fen,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.07.063"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Chemosphere", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.07.063", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.07.063", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.07.063"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.envpol.2008.05.029", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-23T16:15:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-07-22", "title": "Feasibility Of Phytoextraction To Remediate Cadmium And Zinc Contaminated Soils", "description": "A Cd and Zn contaminated soil was mixed and equilibrated with an uncontaminated, but otherwise similar soil to establish a gradient in soil contamination levels. Growth of Thlaspi caerulescens (Ganges ecotype) significantly decreased the metal concentrations in soil solution. Plant uptake of Cd and Zn exceeded the decrease of the soluble metal concentrations by several orders of magnitude. Hence, desorption of metals must have occurred to maintain the soil solution concentrations. A coupled regression model was developed to describe the transfer of metals from soil to solution and plant shoots. This model was applied to estimate the phytoextraction duration required to decrease the soil Cd concentration from 10 to 0.5 mg kg(-1). A biomass production of 1 and 5 t dm ha(-1) yr(-1) yields a duration of 42 and 11 yr, respectively. Successful phytoextraction operations based on T. caerulescens require an increased biomass production.", "keywords": ["Time Factors", "Industrial Waste", "phytoremediation", "01 natural sciences", "metal-accumulating plants", "Soil", "hyperaccumulator thlaspi-caerulescens", "heavy-metals", "sandy soil", "Life Science", "Soil Pollutants", "Biomass", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "polluted soils", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "field", "6. Clean water", "cd", "Thlaspi", "Zinc", "Biodegradation", " Environmental", "zn", "Feasibility Studies", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "rhizosphere", "Plant Shoots", "Cadmium"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2008.05.029"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Pollution", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.envpol.2008.05.029", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.envpol.2008.05.029", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.envpol.2008.05.029"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.envpol.2008.11.050", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-23T16:15:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-01-19", "title": "Ion Activity And Distribution Of Heavy Metals In Acid Mine Drainage Polluted Subtropical Soils", "description": "The oxidative dissolution of mine wastes gives rise to acidic, metal-enriched mine drainage (AMD) and has typically posed an additional risk to the environment. The poly-metallic mine Dabaoshan in South China is an excellent test site to understand the processes affecting the surrounding polluted agricultural fields. Our objectives were firstly to investigate metal ion activity in soil solution, distribution in solid constituents, and spatial distribution in samples, secondly to determine dominant environment factors controlling metal activity in the long-term AMD-polluted subtropical soils. Soil Column Donnan Membrane Technology (SC-DMT) combined with sequential extraction shows that unusually large proportion of the metal ions are present as free ion in the soil solutions. The narrow range of low pH values prevents any pH effects during the binding onto oxides or organic matter. The differences in speciation of the soil solutions may explain the different soil degradation observed between paddy and non-paddy soils.", "keywords": ["China", "Time Factors", "550", "Speciation", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Industrial Waste", "02 engineering and technology", "Chemical Fractionation", "01 natural sciences", "Mining", "Soil", "Acid mine drainage", "X-Ray Diffraction", "Metals", " Heavy", "Soil Pollutants", "Humic Substances", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "Ions", "Hydrogen-Ion Concentration", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "Tropical soils", "13. Climate action", "[SDU.STU] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences", "Sorption", "Free ion", "Environmental Monitoring"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2008.11.050"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Pollution", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.envpol.2008.11.050", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.envpol.2008.11.050", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.envpol.2008.11.050"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.05.074", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-23T16:15:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-05-23", "title": "Enrichment Of Marsh Soils With Heavy Metals By Effect Of Anthropic Pollution", "description": "The impact of waste disposal on marsh soils was assessed in topsoil samples collected at eight randomly selected points in the salt marsh in Ramallosa (Pontevedra, Spain) at 4-month intervals for 2 years. Polluted soil samples were characterized in physico-chemical terms and their heavy metal contents determined by comparison with control, unpolluted samples. The results revealed a marked effect of waste discharges on the soils in the area, which have low contents in heavy metals under normal environmental conditions. In fact, the studied soils were found to contain substantial amounts of total and DTPA-extractable Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn. Based on the relationship of the redox potential with the DTPA-extractable Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn contents of the soils, strongly reductive conditions raised the total contents in these elements by effect of their remaining in the soils as precipitated sulphides. Such contents, however, decreased as oxidative conditions gradually prevailed. The contents in DTPA-extractable metals increased with increasing Eh through the release of the metals in ionic form to the soil solution under oxidative conditions. The contents in heavy metals concentrating in the polluted soils were several times higher than those in the control soils (viz. 2 vs. 6 for Cd, 4 vs. 6 for Cu, 4 vs. 20 for Pb, and 2 vs. 15 for Zn, all in mgkg(-1)). This can be expected to influence the amounts of available heavy metals present in the soils, and hence the environmental quality of the area, in the near future. Based on its geoaccumulation index (Class >/=3 for Cd and Cu, and 1-4 for Pb and Zn), the Ramallosa marsh is highly polluted with Cd and moderately to highly polluted with Cu, Pb and Zn. The enrichment factors obtained confirm that the salt marsh is highly polluted (especially with Cd) as the primary result of anthropic activity.", "keywords": ["Industrial Waste", "Reproducibility of Results", "Agriculture", "Pentetic Acid", "15. Life on land", "Waste Disposal", " Fluid", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Ion Exchange", "13. Climate action", "Metals", " Heavy", "Wetlands", "Linear Models", "Potentiometry", "Water Pollution", " Chemical", "Soil Pollutants", "Oxidation-Reduction", "Algorithms", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.05.074"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Hazardous%20Materials", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.05.074", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.05.074", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.05.074"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.07.015", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-23T16:16:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-09-06", "title": "The Effects Of Copper Oxy Chloride Waste Contamination On Selected Soil Biochemical Properties At Disposal Site", "description": "A study was carried out at a sanitary waste disposal site for Kutsaga Tobacco Research Station, Zimbabwe, which uses large amounts of copper oxy chloride for sterilization of recycled float trays in flooded bench tobacco seedling production systems. Soil samples randomly collected from six stream bank zones (bands up the valley slope) varying in their distance ranges from the centre of both the wastewater-free and wastewater-affected paths [0-5 m (B1); 6-10 m (B2); 11-15 m (B3); 16-20 m (B4); 21-25 m (B5) and 26-30 m (B6)] in two sample depths (0-15; 15-30 cm) were analysed for metal copper, organic matter contents, and soil pH and subjected to agarized incubation for microbial counts. Results suggest that the repeated disposals of copper oxy chloride waste from tobacco float tray sanitation sinks into a creek amplify metal copper loads in the soil by 500 fold. The greatest concentrations of copper in both the topsoil and upper subsoil were recorded in the B3, B4 and B5 stream bank zones of the wastewater path. The concentration of copper was significantly lower in the middle of the waste-affected creek than that in the stream bank zones. This trend in the copper concentration coincided with the lowest acidity of the soil. Overloading the soil with copper, surprisingly, enhances the content of soil organic matter. The repeated release of copper oxy chloride waste into a stream causes an accelerated build-up of metal copper and soil acidity in the stream bank on-site while contamination is translocated to either underground water reserve or surface stream water flow in the middle of the wastewater path.", "keywords": ["Nicotiana", "Zimbabwe", "Industrial Waste", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Refuse Disposal", "12. Responsible consumption", "Soil Pollutants", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Copper", "Soil Microbiology", "Water Pollutants", " Chemical", "Disinfectants", "Environmental Monitoring", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Johnson Masaka, M. Muunganirwa,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.07.015"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.07.015", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.07.015", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.07.015"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-11-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1021/es302545b", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-23T16:16:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-09-27", "title": "Biochar Carbon Stability In A Clayey Soil As A Function Of Feedstock And Pyrolysis Temperature", "description": "The stability of biochar carbon (C) is the major determinant of its value for long-term C sequestration in soil. A long-term (5 year) laboratory experiment was conducted under controlled conditions using 11 biochars made from five C3 biomass feedstocks (Eucalyptus saligna wood and leaves, papermill sludge, poultry litter, cow manure) at 400 and/or 550 \u00b0C. The biochars were incubated in a vertisol containing organic C from a predominantly C4-vegetation source, and total CO(2)-C and associated \u03b4(13)C were periodically measured. Between 0.5% and 8.9% of the biochar C was mineralized over 5 years. The C in manure-based biochars mineralized faster than that in plant-based biochars, and C in 400 \u00b0C biochars mineralized faster than that in corresponding 550 \u00b0C biochars. The estimated mean residence time (MRT) of C in biochars varied between 90 and 1600 years. These are conservative estimates because they represent MRT of relatively labile and intermediate-stability biochar C components. Furthermore, biochar C MRT is likely to be higher under field conditions of lower moisture, lower temperatures or nutrient availability constraints. Strong relationships of biochar C stability with the initial proportion of nonaromatic C and degree of aromatic C condensation in biochar support the use of these properties to predict biochar C stability in soil.", "keywords": ["Paper", "Eucalyptus", "550", "Temperature", "Industrial Waste", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Wood", "Carbon", "Poultry", "Manure", "Plant Leaves", "Soil", "Animals", "Clay", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Aluminum Silicates", "Cattle"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1021/es302545b"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Science%20%26amp%3B%20Technology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1021/es302545b", "name": "item", "description": "10.1021/es302545b", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1021/es302545b"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-10-10T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1371/journal.pone.0239629", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-23T16:18:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-09-18", "title": "Cascade strategies for the full valorisation of Garganega white grape pomace towards bioactive extracts and bio-based materials", "description": "Agro-waste reduction and reuse are among the current main social challenges. In this perspective, the present research was aimed at the complete valorisation of Garganega grape pomace by recovering bioactive phenol extracts and by testing the solid fibre extract residues in composite formulation for packaging applications. The pomace was derived from white wine production, therefore, respect to red pomace, it was promptly removed from must after pressing, and its exploitation can be particularly interesting and valuable as still rich in active compounds. Phenol extracts were obtained both via solvent-based and pressurised liquid extractions and their phytochemical compositions were compared in terms of total amount of phenols, flavonoids, flavanols, anthocyanins, hydroxycinnamic acids, and reducing sugars. Antioxidant activity and detailed phenol profiles were also achieved. The highest phenol yield was obtained via solvent-based extraction with 75% acetone (v/v), solid/liquid ratio 1:5, 2h incubation at 50\u00b0C (77.9 gGAeq/kgDW). The fibrous solid residue of the extraction was characterized via thermogravimetric analysis and used for composite preparation by melt mixing with the renewable and biodegradable PHBV polymer through a green approach (solvent-less process). The composites resulted thermally stable at high temperatures, showing initial degradation processes only at temperatures higher than 250\u00b0C. Differential scanning calorimetry analyses were carried out to study melting and crystallization phenomena, while mechanical properties were investigated by tensile tests. The materials finally showed properties similar to those of the matrix. The bio-composites can be considered as an alternative to plain PHBV, since they are less expensive and eco-friendlier thanks to a reduced polymeric content, and they could represent a suitable way for full agro-waste exploitation.", "keywords": ["Flavonoids", "Agricultural Sciences", "Plant Extracts", "Science", "Q", "R", "Industrial Waste", "Wine", "Plant extracts", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "02 engineering and technology", "Industrial waste", "Agriculture Forestry and Fisheries", "Food technology", "Antioxidants", "0404 agricultural biotechnology", "Phenols", "Waste Management", "Medicine", "Food Technology", "Vitis", "0210 nano-technology", "Antioxidants; Flavonoids; Food Technology; Phenols; Plant Extracts; Vitis; Waste Management; Wine; Industrial Waste", "Waste management", "Research Article"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://cris.unibo.it/bitstream/11585/793863/1/Monari%20et%20al%20PLOSONE%202020%20.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0239629"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PLOS%20ONE", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1371/journal.pone.0239629", "name": "item", "description": "10.1371/journal.pone.0239629", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1371/journal.pone.0239629"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-09-18T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10261/399158", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-08-23T16:21:40Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-12-17", "title": "Plastic input and dynamics in industrial composting", "description": "Green and biowaste, processed within large facilities into compost, is a key fertilizer for agricultural and horticultural soils. However, due to improper waste disposal of plastic, its residues often remain or even lead to the formation ofmicroplastics (1\u00a0\u00b5m - 5\u00a0mm, MiPs) in the final compost product. To better understand the processes, we first quantified 'macroplastics' (> 20\u00a0mm, MaPs) input via biowaste collection into an industrial composting plant, and, then determined MiP concentrations at five stages during the composting process (before and after shredding and screening processes), and in the water used for irrigation. The total concentrations of MaPs in the biowaste collected from four different German districts ranged from 0.36 to 1.95\u00a0kg ton-1 biowaste, with polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) representing the most abundant types. The 'non-foil' and 'foil' plastics occurred in similar amounts (0.51\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.1\u00a0kg ton-1 biowaste), with an average load of 0.08\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.01 items kg-1 and 0.05\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.01 items kg-1, respectively. Only 0.3\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.1\u00a0kg MaP t-1 biowaste was biodegradable plastic. Compost treatment by shredding tripled the total number of MaPs and MiPs to 33 items kg-1, indicating an enrichment of particles during the process and potential fragmentation. Noticeably, a substantial amount of small MiPs (up to 22,714\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02,975 particles L-1) were found in the rainwater used for compost moistening, being thus an additional, generally overlooked plastic source for compost. Our results highlight that reducing plastic input via biowaste is key for minimizing MiP contamination of compost.", "keywords": ["ddc:550", "Composting", "Industrial Waste", "600", "Biowaste", "Irrigation water", "Microplastic pollution", "620", "Refuse Disposal", "Soil", "Waste Management", "Fragmentation", "Germany", "Life Science", "Fertilizers", "Plastics"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10261/399158"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Waste%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10261/399158", "name": "item", "description": "10261/399158", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10261/399158"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "39693994", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-08-23T16:22:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-12-17", "title": "Plastic input and dynamics in industrial composting", "description": "Green and biowaste, processed within large facilities into compost, is a key fertilizer for agricultural and horticultural soils. However, due to improper waste disposal of plastic, its residues often remain or even lead to the formation ofmicroplastics (1\u00a0\u00b5m - 5\u00a0mm, MiPs) in the final compost product. To better understand the processes, we first quantified 'macroplastics' (> 20\u00a0mm, MaPs) input via biowaste collection into an industrial composting plant, and, then determined MiP concentrations at five stages during the composting process (before and after shredding and screening processes), and in the water used for irrigation. The total concentrations of MaPs in the biowaste collected from four different German districts ranged from 0.36 to 1.95\u00a0kg ton-1 biowaste, with polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) representing the most abundant types. The 'non-foil' and 'foil' plastics occurred in similar amounts (0.51\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.1\u00a0kg ton-1 biowaste), with an average load of 0.08\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.01 items kg-1 and 0.05\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.01 items kg-1, respectively. Only 0.3\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.1\u00a0kg MaP t-1 biowaste was biodegradable plastic. Compost treatment by shredding tripled the total number of MaPs and MiPs to 33 items kg-1, indicating an enrichment of particles during the process and potential fragmentation. Noticeably, a substantial amount of small MiPs (up to 22,714\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02,975 particles L-1) were found in the rainwater used for compost moistening, being thus an additional, generally overlooked plastic source for compost. Our results highlight that reducing plastic input via biowaste is key for minimizing MiP contamination of compost.", "keywords": ["Soil", "Waste Management", "ddc:550", "Composting", "Germany", "Life Science", "Industrial Waste", "600", "Fertilizers", "Plastics", "620", "Refuse Disposal"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/39693994"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Waste%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "39693994", "name": "item", "description": "39693994", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/39693994"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Industrial+Waste&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Industrial+Waste&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "first", "title": "items (first)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Industrial+Waste&", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "last", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (last)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Industrial+Waste&offset=16", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 16, "numberReturned": 16, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-08-24T10:34:51.291498Z"}