{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1079/ber2005373", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:18:10Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-09-29", "title": "Relationships Of Intercropped Maize, Stem Borer Damage To Maize Yield And Land-Use Efficiency In The Humid Forest Of Cameroon", "description": "Abstract<p>Stem borers are the most important maize pests in the humid forest zone of Cameroon. Field trials were conducted in the long and short rainy seasons of 2002 and 2003 to assess the level of damage and yield reductions caused by stem borers in monocropped maize and in maize intercropped with non-host plants such as cassava, cowpea and soybean. The intercrops were planted in two spatial arrangements, i.e. alternating hills or alternating rows. All intercrops and the maize monocrop were grown with and without insecticide treatment for assessment of maize yield loss due to borer attacks. The land-use efficiency of each mixed cropping system was evaluated by comparing it with the monocrop. The temporal fluctuation of larval infestations followed the same pattern in all cropping systems, but at the early stage of plant growth, larval densities were 21.3\uffe2\uff80\uff9348.1% higher in the monocrops than in intercrops, and they tended to be higher in alternating rows than alternating hills arrangements. At harvest, however, pest densities did not significantly vary between treatments. Maize monocrops had 3.0\uffe2\uff80\uff938.8 times more stems tunnelled and 1.3\uffe2\uff80\uff933.1 times more cob damage than intercrops. Each percentage increase in stem tunnelling lowered maize grain yield by 1.10 and 1.84 g per plant, respectively, during the long and short rainy season in 2002, and by 5.39 and 1.41 g per plant, respectively, in 2003. Maize yield losses due to stem borer were 1.8\uffe2\uff80\uff933.0 times higher in monocrops than in intercrops. Intercrops had generally a higher land-use efficiency than monocrops, as indicated by land-equivalent-ratios and area-time-equivalent-ratios of &gt;1.0. Land-use efficiency was similar in both spatial arrangements. At current price levels, the net production of mixed cropping systems was economically superior to controlling stem borers with insecticide in monocropped maize. The maize\uffe2\uff80\uff93cassava intercrop yielded the highest land equivalent ratios and the highest replacement value of the intercrop. At medium intensity cropping this system is thus recommended for land-constrained poor farmers who do not use external inputs such as fertilizer and insecticides.</p>", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Manihot", "Glycine max", "Rain", "Agriculture", "Fabaceae", "Humidity", "Moths", "15. Life on land", "Zea mays", "01 natural sciences", "Host-Parasite Interactions", "Trees", "Larva", "Animals", "Biomass", "Cameroon", "Seasons"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Christian Nolte, A. Chabi-Olaye, Christian Borgemeister, Fritz Schulthess,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1079/ber2005373"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Bulletin%20of%20Entomological%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1079/ber2005373", "name": "item", "description": "10.1079/ber2005373", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1079/ber2005373"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1079/ber2004347", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-07-25T16:18:10Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-05-04", "title": "Abundance, Dispersion And Parasitism Of The Stem Borer Busseola Fusca (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) In Maize In The Humid Forest Zone Of Southern Cameroon", "description": "Abstract<p>This study was conducted in the humid forest zone of Cameroon, in 2002 and 2003. The main objective was to investigate the effects of intercropping on infestation levels and parasitism of the noctuid maize stem borer Busseola fusca Fuller. Two trials were planted per year, one during the long and one during the short rainy season. Maize monocrops were compared with maize/legume or maize/cassava intercrops in two spatial arrangements: maize on alternate hills or in alternate rows. Spatial analyses showed that the stemborer egg batches were regularly dispersed in the maize monocrop and aggregated in the intercrops, as indicated by b, the index of dispersion of Taylor's power law. Depending on the crop association and planting pattern, intercrops reduced the percentage of plants with stem borer eggs by 47.4\uffe2\uff80\uff9358.4% and egg densities by 41.2\uffe2\uff80\uff9354.5% compared to monocropped maize. Consequently, larval densities were 44.4\uffe2\uff80\uff9361.5% lower in intercrops compared to monocrops. Intercropping maize with non-host plants did not affect larval parasitism. Up to two-fold higher levels of egg parasitism by scelionid Telenomus spp. were recorded in inter- compared to monocrops during the short rainy seasons of 2002 and 2003. No differences were found among the mixed cropping treatments and parasitism was lower during the long compared to the short rainy seasons. It was proposed that differences in levels of parasitism were due to density dependence effects rather than the effect of the presence of non-host plants in the system.</p>", "keywords": ["Crops", " Agricultural", "Population Density", "2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "Tropical Climate", "Wasps", "Agriculture", "Moths", "15. Life on land", "Zea mays", "01 natural sciences", "Larva", "Linear Models", "Animals", "Cameroon", "Seasons", "Ovum"], "contacts": [{"organization": "A. Chabi-Olaye, Christian Nolte, Christian Borgemeister, Fritz Schulthess,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1079/ber2004347"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Bulletin%20of%20Entomological%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1079/ber2004347", "name": "item", "description": "10.1079/ber2004347", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1079/ber2004347"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1093/treephys/tpab023", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:18:28Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-02-05", "title": "Seasonal and elevational variability in the induction of specialized compounds from mountain birch (Betula pubescens var. pumila) by winter moth larvae (Operophtera brumata).", "description": "Abstract                <p>The mountain birch [Betula pubescens var. pumila (L.)] forest in the Subarctic is periodically exposed to insect outbreaks, which are expected to intensify due to climate change. To mitigate abiotic and biotic stresses, plants have evolved chemical defenses, including volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and non-volatile specialized compounds (NVSCs). Constitutive and induced production of these compounds, however, are poorly studied in Subarctic populations of mountain birch. Here, we assessed the joint effects of insect herbivory, elevation and season on foliar VOC emissions and NVSC contents of mountain birch. The VOCs were sampled in situ by an enclosure technique and analyzed by gas chromatography\uffe2\uff80\uff93mass spectrometry. NVSCs were analyzed by liquid chromatography\uffe2\uff80\uff93mass spectrometry using an untargeted approach. At low elevation, experimental herbivory by winter moth larvae (Operophtera brumata) increased emissions of monoterpenes and homoterpenes over the 3-week feeding period, and sesquiterpenes and green leaf volatiles at the end of the feeding period. At high elevation, however, herbivory augmented only homoterpene emissions. The more pronounced herbivory effects at low elevation were likely due to higher herbivory intensity. Of the individual compounds, linalool, ocimene, 4,8-dimethylnona-1,3,7-triene, 2-methyl butanenitrile and benzyl nitrile were among the most responsive compounds in herbivory treatments. Herbivory also altered foliar NVSC profiles at both low and high elevations, with the most responsive compounds likely belonging to fatty acyl glycosides and terpene glycosides. Additionally, VOC emissions from non-infested branches were higher at high than low elevation, particularly during the early season, which was mainly driven by phenological differences. The VOC emissions varied substantially over the season, largely reflecting the seasonal variations in temperature and light levels. Our results suggest that if insect herbivory pressure continues to rise in the mountain birch forest with ongoing climate change, it will significantly increase VOC emissions with important consequences for local trophic interactions and climate.</p>", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "Volatile Organic Compounds", "0303 health sciences", "secondary metabolites", "VDP::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480", "plant\u2013insect interactions", "Moths", "15. Life on land", "geometrid moth", "Plant Leaves", "03 medical and health sciences", "biotic stress", "13. Climate action", "volatile organic compounds", "Larva", "8. Economic growth", "11. Sustainability", "VDP::Zoology and botany: 480", "Animals", "Herbivory", "Seasons", "global change", "Betula", "Research Paper"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://academic.oup.com/treephys/article-pdf/41/6/1019/38497290/tpab023.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpab023"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Tree%20Physiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1093/treephys/tpab023", "name": "item", "description": "10.1093/treephys/tpab023", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1093/treephys/tpab023"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-02-18T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/ijms25137491", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:21:00Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-07-08", "title": "Insects as a Prospective Source of Biologically Active Molecules and Pharmaceuticals\u2014Biochemical Properties and Cell Toxicity of Tenebrio molitor and Zophobas morio Cell-Free Larval Hemolymph", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Insects are of great interest as novel sources of alternative proteins and biologically active compounds, primarily anticancer agents. Protein-rich insect larval hemolymph is a prospective candidate for pharmaceutical and food industry-related research. In this study, selected biochemical properties and cell toxicity of larval hemolymph from two mealworm species, Tenebrio molitor and Zophobas morio, were analyzed. Total proteins and carbohydrates, antioxidant capacity, and the level of lipid peroxidation were determined. Human cancer (U-87) and normometabolic (MRC-5) cells were treated with different concentrations of larval hemolymph proteins, and the effects on cell viability were assayed 24, 48, and 72 h after treatments. Z. morio hemolymph was shown to be richer in total proteins, showing a higher antioxidant capacity and lipid peroxidation level than T. molitor hemolymph, which was richer in total carbohydrates. Cytotoxicity assays showed that T. molitor and Z. morio hemolymphs differently affect the viability of U-87 and MRC-5 cells in cell type-, dose-, and time-dependent manners. Hemolymph from both species was more cytotoxic to U-87 cells than to MRC-5 cells, which was particularly prominent after 48 h. Additionally, a more potent cytotoxic effect of Z. morio hemolymph was observed on both cell lines, likely due to its higher antioxidant capacity, compared to T. molitor hemolymph.</p></article>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Cell Survival", "Antineoplastic Agents", "Article", "Antioxidants", "3. Good health", "Hemolymph", "Larva", "Cell Line", " Tumor", "Animals", "Humans", "Insect Proteins", "Lipid Peroxidation", "Tenebrio"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25137491"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/International%20Journal%20of%20Molecular%20Sciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/ijms25137491", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/ijms25137491", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/ijms25137491"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-07-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.3428380", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:23:22Z", "type": "Report", "title": "The puzzling role of immature-stage morphology in the taxonomy of Merodon (Diptera: Syrphidae)", "description": "The genus <em>Merodon </em>Meigen (Diptera: Syrphidae) is distributed throughout the Palaearctic and Ethiopian regions, and is characterized by a large number of species groups comprising taxa with subtle morphological differences. The taxonomic status and identification of many species still requires clarification. The adults of <em>Merodon </em>species are well studied, especially since various recent publications successfully used an integrative taxonomic approach, combining morphological and molecular information. The immature stages of this phytophagous genus, however, remain understudied, with the descriptions of larvae and/or puparia published for roughly just 5% of species. Considering both published and new data, this study aims to review and to re-evaluate the main diagnostic morphological characters of the preimaginal stages and to assess the importance of these traits as taxonomic tools for delimitation within the genus. Features distinctive among different species are mostly associated with the posterior respiratory process, pupal spiracles and cephalopharyngeal skeleton. Potentially diagnostic features are recognized for four well-supported lineages (putative subgenera) within the genus <em>Merodon </em>(<em>avidus-nigritarsis</em>, <em>albifrons+desuturinus</em>, <em>aureus </em>and <em>natans</em>) defined by adult morphological and molecular characters; however, no clear pattern is achieved for all studied taxa at this level. Furthermore, certain characters previously considered as species-specific turned out to be rather ambiguous. This study confirms the need for both more species and more specimens of <em>Merodon </em>immature stages to be examined and compared in order to obtain better supported conclusions.", "keywords": ["taxonomy", "larva", "puparium", "morphology", "hoverfly"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Andri\u0107 Andrijana, Aracil Andrea, P\u00e9rez-Ba\u00f1\u00f3n Celeste, Radenkovi\u0107 Sne\u017eana, Popov Grigory, Mishustin Ruslan, Vuji\u0107 Ante,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3428380"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.3428380", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.3428380", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.3428380"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.3428381", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:23:22Z", "type": "Report", "title": "The puzzling role of immature-stage morphology in the taxonomy of Merodon (Diptera: Syrphidae)", "description": "The genus <em>Merodon </em>Meigen (Diptera: Syrphidae) is distributed throughout the Palaearctic and Ethiopian regions, and is characterized by a large number of species groups comprising taxa with subtle morphological differences. The taxonomic status and identification of many species still requires clarification. The adults of <em>Merodon </em>species are well studied, especially since various recent publications successfully used an integrative taxonomic approach, combining morphological and molecular information. The immature stages of this phytophagous genus, however, remain understudied, with the descriptions of larvae and/or puparia published for roughly just 5% of species. Considering both published and new data, this study aims to review and to re-evaluate the main diagnostic morphological characters of the preimaginal stages and to assess the importance of these traits as taxonomic tools for delimitation within the genus. Features distinctive among different species are mostly associated with the posterior respiratory process, pupal spiracles and cephalopharyngeal skeleton. Potentially diagnostic features are recognized for four well-supported lineages (putative subgenera) within the genus <em>Merodon </em>(<em>avidus-nigritarsis</em>, <em>albifrons+desuturinus</em>, <em>aureus </em>and <em>natans</em>) defined by adult morphological and molecular characters; however, no clear pattern is achieved for all studied taxa at this level. Furthermore, certain characters previously considered as species-specific turned out to be rather ambiguous. This study confirms the need for both more species and more specimens of <em>Merodon </em>immature stages to be examined and compared in order to obtain better supported conclusions.", "keywords": ["taxonomy", "larva", "puparium", "morphology", "hoverfly"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Andri\u0107 Andrijana, Aracil Andrea, P\u00e9rez-Ba\u00f1\u00f3n Celeste, Radenkovi\u0107 Sne\u017eana, Popov Grigory, Mishustin Ruslan, Vuji\u0107 Ante,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3428381"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.3428381", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.3428381", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.3428381"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.8119671", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:23:48Z", "type": "Other", "title": "Bioconversion of polystyrene and food waste streams into biochar: an upgraded enzymatic activation system.", "description": "Pyrolysis is a suitable strategy for managing two residues of global concern: plastics and food waste.1 The addition of plastics to the pyrolysis of biomass (co-pyrolysis) seems to improve the sorptive properties of biochar (carbonaceous pyrolysis product).2 However, one of the technical limitations of this type of co-pyrolysis is the different densities between materials, which limits the proportion of plastic in the mixture or forces a plastic pre-treatment to increase its density.3 To solve this technical limitation, the capability of some insect larva species to chew plastics emerges as a low-cost alternative method.4 Taking advantage of mealworm (<em>Tenebrio molitor</em>) voracity, we propose to use the frass (manure) from larvae fed with polystyrene (PS) and spend bread diets to produce biochar with upgraded features for enzymatic functionalization.", "keywords": ["Pyrolisis", " biochar", " insect larva", " frass"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Sanchez-Hernandez, Juan C., Cares, Ximena Andrade, Bustan, Andreea,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8119671"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.8119671", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.8119671", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.8119671"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-07-06T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10862/2306", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-25T16:24:55Z", "type": "Report", "title": "Laboratory breeding of the mud crab Scylla serrata (Forskal) through the zoea and megalopa stages to the crab stage", "description": "A series of experiments is being conducted to establish breeding techniques to mass-produce seedlings of S. serrata for pond cultivation to meet the commercial demand for the crab. The objective is to culture the crab through the 5 zoea stages and 1 megalopa stage to the crab stage. A brief resume of the experiments is presented. Heavy mortality occurred at the 1st, 2nd and 5th zoea stages, and during the megalopa stage. Initial mortality is attributed to unfavourable rearing conditions, and later mortality to cannibalism.", "keywords": ["Rearing", "Invertebrate larvae", "Aquaculture", "Megalops", "mariculture", "crustacean culture", "zoeae", "rearing techniques", "invertebrate larvae", "Crustacean culture", "Scylla serrata", "Malacostraca", "Zoeae", "Biology", "Marine aquaculture"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Motoh, Hiroshi, de la Pe\u00f1a, Dioscoro, Tampos, Edmond,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "http://aquaticcommons.org/18675/1/MotohH1977.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10862/2306"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10862/2306", "name": "item", "description": "10862/2306", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10862/2306"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1977-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "38969109", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:26:36Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-07-03", "title": "Effects of agricultural microplastics in multigenerational tests with insects; mealworms Tenebrio molitor", "description": "Mulching films, widely used in agriculture, are a large source of microplastics (MPs) to soil. However, there is little knowledge on the long-term effects of agricultural MPs on soil invertebrates. We investigated the effects of MPs from conventional non-biodegradable, fossil-based, low-density polyethylene (PE) and biodegradable fossil-based poly(butylene adipate-coterephthalate) (starch-PBAT blend) mulching films on two generations of the mealworm Tenebrio molitor. No effects of MPs (0.005\u00a0%-5\u00a0%, w/w dry food) on mealworm development and survival were observed until the end of the experiments (12\u00a0weeks for the first generation, nine weeks for the second generation), but effects on their moulting and growth were observed. These were most evident for PE MPs (5\u00a0%, w/w), where a decrease in larval growth and moulting was noted in the first generation. On the contrary, PBAT MPs (5\u00a0%, w/w) significantly induced the growth of mealworms in the second generation. In addition, there was a non-significant trend towards increased growth at all other PBAT MP exposure concentrations. Increased growth is most likely due to the biodegradation of starch PBAT MPs by mealworms. Overall, these data suggest that PE and PBAT MPs do not induce significant effects on mealworms at environmentally relevant concentrations, but rather only at very high exposure concentrations (5\u00a0%).", "keywords": ["Polyethylene", "Microplastics", "Larva", "Animals", "Soil Pollutants", "Agriculture", "Tenebrio"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/38969109"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "38969109", "name": "item", "description": "38969109", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/38969109"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "PMC11242118", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:28:07Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-07-08", "title": "Insects as a Prospective Source of Biologically Active Molecules and Pharmaceuticals\u2014Biochemical Properties and Cell Toxicity of Tenebrio molitor and Zophobas morio Cell-Free Larval Hemolymph", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Insects are of great interest as novel sources of alternative proteins and biologically active compounds, primarily anticancer agents. Protein-rich insect larval hemolymph is a prospective candidate for pharmaceutical and food industry-related research. In this study, selected biochemical properties and cell toxicity of larval hemolymph from two mealworm species, Tenebrio molitor and Zophobas morio, were analyzed. Total proteins and carbohydrates, antioxidant capacity, and the level of lipid peroxidation were determined. Human cancer (U-87) and normometabolic (MRC-5) cells were treated with different concentrations of larval hemolymph proteins, and the effects on cell viability were assayed 24, 48, and 72 h after treatments. Z. morio hemolymph was shown to be richer in total proteins, showing a higher antioxidant capacity and lipid peroxidation level than T. molitor hemolymph, which was richer in total carbohydrates. Cytotoxicity assays showed that T. molitor and Z. morio hemolymphs differently affect the viability of U-87 and MRC-5 cells in cell type-, dose-, and time-dependent manners. Hemolymph from both species was more cytotoxic to U-87 cells than to MRC-5 cells, which was particularly prominent after 48 h. Additionally, a more potent cytotoxic effect of Z. morio hemolymph was observed on both cell lines, likely due to its higher antioxidant capacity, compared to T. molitor hemolymph.</p></article>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Cell Survival", "Antineoplastic Agents", "Article", "Antioxidants", "3. Good health", "Hemolymph", "Larva", "Cell Line", " Tumor", "Animals", "Humans", "Insect Proteins", "Lipid Peroxidation", "Tenebrio"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/25/13/7491/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/PMC11242118"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/International%20Journal%20of%20Molecular%20Sciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "PMC11242118", "name": "item", "description": "PMC11242118", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PMC11242118"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-07-08T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Larva&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Larva&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "first", "title": "items (first)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Larva&", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "last", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (last)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Larva&offset=10", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 10, "numberReturned": 10, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-07-25T23:37:53.327421Z"}