Establishing parkland agroforestry on currently treeless cropland in the West African Sahel may help mitigate climate change. To evaluate its potential, we used climatically suitable ranges for parklands for 19 climate scenarios, derived by ecological niche modeling, for estimating potential carbon stocks in parkland and treeless cropland. A biocarbon business model was used to evaluate profitability of hypothetical Terrestrial Carbon Projects (TCPs), across a range of farm sizes, farm numbers, carbon prices and benefit sharing mechanisms. Using climate analogues, we explored potential climate change trajectories for selected locations. If mature parklands covered their maximum range, carbon stocks in Sahelian productive land would be about 1,284\uffc2\uffa0Tg, compared to 725\uffc2\uffa0Tg in a treeless scenario. Due to slow increase rates of total system carbon by 0.4\uffc2\uffa0Mg\uffc2\uffa0C\uffc2\uffa0ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 a\uffe2\uff88\uff921, most TCPs at carbon prices that seem realistic today were not feasible, or required the participation of large numbers of farmers. For small farms, few TCP scenarios were feasible, and low Net Present Values for farmers made it unlikely that carbon payments would motivate many to participate in TCPs, unless additional benefits were provided. Climate analogue locations indicated an uncertain climate trajectory for the Sahel, but most scenarios projected increasing aridity and reduced suitability for parklands. The potentially severe impacts of climate change on Sahelian ecosystems and the uncertain profitability of TCPs make the Sahel highly risky for carbon investments. Given the likelihood of degrading environmental conditions, the search for appropriate adaptation strategies should take precedence over promoting mitigation activities.
", "keywords": ["Carbon sequestration", "Carbon accounting", "Atmospheric Science", "Adaptation to Climate Change in Agriculture", "Economics", "Profitability index", "7. Clean energy", "01 natural sciences", "agroforestry", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Climate change mitigation", "Range (aeronautics)", "Rangeland Degradation", "Natural resource economics", "Soil water", "11. Sustainability", "Rangeland Degradation and Pastoral Livelihoods", "Carbon fibers", "Climate change", "Business", "agriculture", "2. Zero hunger", "Global and Planetary Change", "Ecology", "Life Sciences", "Composite number", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Soil carbon", "Physical Sciences", "Composite material", "Atmospheric carbon cycle", "Management", " Monitoring", " Policy and Law", "Greenhouse gas", "Environmental science", "Global Forest Transition", "Agroforestry", "climate", "Biology", "Ecology", " Evolution", " Behavior and Systematics", "Ecosystem", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "Soil science", "15. Life on land", "carbon sequestration", "Materials science", "Carbon dioxide", "13. Climate action", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Environmental Science", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Drivers and Impacts of Tropical Deforestation", "Finance"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-012-0438-0"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Climatic%20Change", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10584-012-0438-0", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10584-012-0438-0", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10584-012-0438-0"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-03-28T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10745-009-9241-6", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-30T16:15:21Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-05-27", "title": "Swidden Transformations And Rural Livelihoods In Southeast Asia", "description": "This paper explores the major interactions between the transformation of swidden farming and the pursuit of rural livelihoods in the uplands of Southeast Asia. The paper draws on selected literature, workshop reflections, and six case studies to describe the causal processes and livelihood consequences of swidden change. Household-level livelihood responses have included both the intensification and \u2018dis-intensification\u2019 of swidden land-use, the insertion of cash crops, the redeployment of household labour, and the taking on of broader (often non-rural) livelihood aspirations and strategies. At the community level there have been emerging institutional arrangements for management of land and forests, and varying degrees of participation in or resistance to government schemes and programs. Swidden change has led to the loss and also the reassertion, realignment, and redefinition of cultures and identities, with important implications for access to resources. The impacts of these changes have been varied. Cash crops have often improved livelihoods but complete specialisation for the market increases vulnerability. Thus swidden can still provide an important safety net in the face of market fluctuations. Improved access to markets and social provision of education and health care have mostly improved the welfare of previously isolated groups. However, growing differences within and between communities in the course of swidden transformations can leave some groups marginalized and worse off. These processes of differentiation can be accentuated by heavy-handed state interventions based on swidden stereotypes. Nevertheless, communities have not passively accepted these pressures and have mobilized to protect their livelihood assets and strategies. Thus swidden farmers are not resisting appropriate and supportive forms of development. They are adopting new practices and engaging with markets, but in many situations swidden is still important to their livelihood strategies, providing resilience in the face of turbulent change. Active involvement of local people is essential in planning, implementing, monitoring and evaluating development and conservation programs in swidden lands. Positive market incentives and supportive government policies are better than standardised, top-down directives.", "keywords": ["0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "910", "livelihoods", "01 natural sciences", "12. Responsible consumption", "Livelihood strategies", "C1", "agricultural development", "11. Sustainability", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Agrarian change", "160804 Rural Sociology", "Uplands", "919999 Economic Framework not elsewhere classified", "upland areas", "1. No poverty", "1601 Anthropology", "160499 Human Geography not elsewhere classified", "Food security", "food security", "Resource tenure", "15. Life on land", "Agency", "governance", "970116 Expanding Knowledge through Studies of Human Society"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10745-009-9241-6"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Human%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10745-009-9241-6", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10745-009-9241-6", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10745-009-9241-6"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-05-28T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10745-012-9538-8", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-30T16:15:21Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-11-19", "title": "Effects Of Landscape Segregation On Livelihood Vulnerability: Moving From Extensive Shifting Cultivation To Rotational Agriculture And Natural Forests In Northern Laos", "description": "This study investigates four decades of socio-economic and environmental change in a shifting cultivation landscape in the northern uplands of Laos. Historical changes in land cover and land use were analyzed using a chronological series of remote sensing data. Impacts of landscape change on local livelihoods were investigated in seven villages through interviews with various stakeholders. The study reveals that the complex mosaics of agriculture and forest patches observed in the study area have long constituted key assets for the resilience of local livelihood systems in the face of environmental and socio-economic risks. However, over the past 20 years, a process of segregating agricultural and forest spaces has increased the vulnerability of local land users. This process is a direct outcome of policies aimed at increasing national forest cover, eradicating shifting cultivation and fostering the emergence of more intensive and commercial agricultural practices. We argue that agriculture-forest segregation should be buffered in such a way that a diversity of livelihood opportunities and economic development pathways can be maintained.", "keywords": ["http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_195", "550", "F08 - Syst\u00e8mes et modes de culture", "t\u00e9l\u00e9d\u00e9tection", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "2739 Public Health", "910", "630", "couverture v\u00e9g\u00e9tale", "conservation des for\u00eats", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3062", "for\u00eat", "K01 - Foresterie - Consid\u00e9rations g\u00e9n\u00e9rales", "11. Sustainability", "910 Geography & travel", "intensification", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6498", "2. Zero hunger", "landscape mosaics", "resettlement", "sustainability", "Livelihood vulnerability", "Southeast Asia", "rotation culturale", "330 Economics", "E11 - \u00c9conomie et politique fonci\u00e8res", "moyens d'existence durables", "2307 Health", "Laos", "protection de la for\u00eat", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_25409", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4182", "P01 - Conservation de la nature et ressources fonci\u00e8res", "ecology", "3306 Health (social science)", "Multifunctional landscapes", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_24420", "culture itin\u00e9rante", "gestion des ressources naturelles", "utilisation des terres", "politique fonci\u00e8re", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_12076", "Ecosystem services", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_28075", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1374158672853", "Toxicology and Mutagenesis", "Environmental and Occupational Health", "15. Life on land", "shifting cultivation", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7038", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_9000157", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_9000115", "Land sparing", "Shifting cultivation", "impact sur l'environnement", "ecosystem services", "2303 Ecology", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6662"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://boris.unibe.ch/17755/1/Castella2013_Article_EffectsOfLandscapeSegregationO.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10745-012-9538-8"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Human%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10745-012-9538-8", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10745-012-9538-8", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10745-012-9538-8"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-11-20T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s13280-016-0836-z", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-30T16:15:44Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-11-17", "title": "The impact of swidden decline on livelihoods and ecosystem services in Southeast Asia: A review of the evidence from 1990 to 2015", "description": "Open AccessEl cambio econ\u00f3mico global y las intervenciones pol\u00edticas est\u00e1n impulsando las transiciones de los sistemas de golondrina larga (EPA) a usos alternativos de la tierra en las tierras altas del sudeste asi\u00e1tico. Este estudio presenta una revisi\u00f3n sistem\u00e1tica de c\u00f3mo estas transiciones impactan en los medios de vida y los servicios ecosist\u00e9micos en la regi\u00f3n. M\u00e1s de 17 000 estudios publicados entre 1950 y 2015 se redujeron, en funci\u00f3n de la relevancia y la calidad, a 93 estudios para su posterior an\u00e1lisis. Nuestro an\u00e1lisis de las transiciones del uso de la tierra de los sistemas de cultivo sucios a los intensificados mostr\u00f3 varios resultados: m\u00e1s hogares hab\u00edan aumentado los ingresos generales, pero estos beneficios tuvieron un costo significativo, como la reducci\u00f3n de las pr\u00e1cticas consuetudinarias, el bienestar socioecon\u00f3mico, las opciones de medios de vida y los rendimientos de los productos b\u00e1sicos. El examen de los efectos de las transiciones en las propiedades del suelo revel\u00f3 impactos negativos en el carbono org\u00e1nico del suelo, la capacidad de intercambio cati\u00f3nico y el carbono sobre el suelo. En conjunto, los impulsores inmediatos y subyacentes de las transiciones de la EPA a los usos alternativos de la tierra, especialmente la intensificaci\u00f3n de los cultivos comerciales perennes y anuales, condujeron a disminuciones significativas en la seguridad de los medios de vida preexistentes y los servicios ecosist\u00e9micos que respaldan esta seguridad. Nuestros resultados sugieren que las pol\u00edticas que imponen transiciones en el uso de la tierra a los agricultores de las tierras altas para mejorar los medios de vida y los entornos han sido err\u00f3neas; en el contexto de los diversos usos de la tierra, la agricultura sucia puede apoyar los medios de vida y los servicios ecosist\u00e9micos que ayudar\u00e1n a amortiguar los impactos del cambio clim\u00e1tico en el sudeste asi\u00e1tico.", "keywords": ["Economics", "Cropping", "Geography", " Planning and Development", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Optimal Operation of Water Resources Systems", "Review", "02 engineering and technology", "livelihoods", "910", "630", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "land-use change", "Livelihood", "Engineering", "Context (archaeology)", "Natural resource economics", "11. Sustainability", "Business", "Asia", " Southeastern", "2. Zero hunger", "Global and Planetary Change", "Payments for Ecosystem Services", "Geography", "Ecology", "1. No poverty", "Life Sciences", "Agriculture", "Southeast Asia", "swidden agriculture", "Land Tenure and Property Rights in Agriculture", "Programming language", "Archaeology", "2304 Environmental Chemistry", "Physical Sciences", "Conservation of Natural Resources", "330", "Climate Change", "Soil Science", "Ocean Engineering", "Environmental science", "Livelihood security", "Environmental Chemistry", "Ecosystem services", "Alternative land uses", "Agroforestry", "Biology", "Land use", " land-use change and forestry", "Ecosystem", "Planning and Development", "3305 Geography", "land use", "Food security", "15. Life on land", "shifting cultivation", "Computer science", "Deforestation (computer science)", "13. Climate action", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Environmental Science", "Land use", "Shifting cultivation", "ecosystem services", "Drivers and Impacts of Tropical Deforestation", "2303 Ecology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/248831/3/01_Dressler_The_impact_of_swidden_decline_2017.pdf.jpg"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-016-0836-z"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ambio", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s13280-016-0836-z", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s13280-016-0836-z", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s13280-016-0836-z"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-11-16T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.landusepol.2004.07.004", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-30T16:17:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-11-08", "title": "Impact Of Forestland Allocation On Land Use In A Mountainous Province Of Vietnam", "description": "Abstract In the early 1990s following the decollectivization of agriculture, the Vietnamese government distributed forest land-use rights to individual households. The new forestland policy had three related objectives: (i) the introduction of a sedentary livelihood system for those populations who had traditionally relied on shifting cultivation and regular migration; (ii) the development of the village economy through tree plantations; and (iii) the protection of forest resources. In this paper, we discuss the changes in land use that resulted from the new forestland policy and the effectiveness of the policy in achieving each of its three objectives.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "330", "mountain agriculture", "[SHS.SOCIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology", "Bac Kan", "[SHS.GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography", "1. No poverty", "land policy", "15. Life on land", "forestland allocation", "Vietnam", "natural resource management", "livelihood systems"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2004.07.004"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Land%20Use%20Policy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.landusepol.2004.07.004", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.landusepol.2004.07.004", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.landusepol.2004.07.004"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.worlddev.2012.11.010", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-05-30T16:17:52Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-01-08", "title": "What Is Autonomous Adaption? Resource Scarcity And Smallholder Agency In Thailand", "description": "The concept of autonomous adaptation is widely used to describe spontaneous acts of reducing risks posed by resource scarcity and, increasingly, climate change. Critics, however, have claimed it is unproven, or simplifies the agency by which smallholders respond to risk. This paper presents empirical research in eight Karen villages in Thailand to identify how resource scarcity is linked to adaptive responses including livelihood diversification. The paper argues that autonomous adaptation is driven by how environmental change and scarcity present livelihood risks, rather than physical risks alone. Adaptation planning therefore should acknowledge different experiences of risk, and socio-economic barriers to adaptation.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Asia", "households", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "1. No poverty", "resource scarcity", "adaptation", "02 engineering and technology", "livelihoods", "15. Life on land", "jel:N0", "Thailand", "01 natural sciences", "adaptation; livelihoods; resource scarcity; households; Asia; Thailand", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "jel:Q15", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2012.11.010"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/World%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.worlddev.2012.11.010", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.worlddev.2012.11.010", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.worlddev.2012.11.010"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1038/ncomms6612", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-05-30T16:18:17Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-11-26", "title": "Afforestation Or Intense Pasturing Improve The Ecological And Economic Value Of Abandoned Tropical Farmlands", "description": "AbstractIncreasing demands for livelihood resources in tropical rural areas have led to progressive clearing of biodiverse natural forests. Restoration of abandoned farmlands could counter this process. However, as aims and modes of restoration differ in their ecological and socio-economic value, the assessment of achievable ecosystem functions and benefits requires holistic investigation. Here we combine the results from multidisciplinary research for a unique assessment based on a normalization of 23 ecological, economic and social indicators for four restoration options in the tropical Andes of Ecuador. A comparison of the outcomes among afforestation with native alder or exotic pine, pasture restoration with either low-input or intense management and the abandoned status quo shows that both variants of afforestation and intense pasture use improve the ecological value, but low-input pasture does not. Economic indicators favour either afforestation or intense pasturing. Both Mestizo and indigenous Saraguro settlers are more inclined to opt for afforestation.
", "keywords": ["Conservation of Natural Resources", "Restoration ecology", "01 natural sciences", "Article", "Environmental science", "Trees", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Livelihood", "Afforestation", "Agroforestry Systems and Biodiversity Enhancement", "ddc:630", "Ecosystem services", "Pasture", "Agroforestry", "Tropical Deforestation", "Biology", "Ecosystem", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Global and Planetary Change", "Global Analysis of Ecosystem Services and Land Use", "Geography", "Ecology", "1. No poverty", "Life Sciences", "Forestry", "Agriculture", "Biodiversity", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Pinus", "ddc:", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Environmental Science", "Physical Sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Ecuador", "Drivers and Impacts of Tropical Deforestation"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms6612"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Nature%20Communications", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1038/ncomms6612", "name": "item", "description": "10.1038/ncomms6612", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1038/ncomms6612"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-11-26T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1080/00167223.2007.10801374", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-05-30T16:18:47Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-03-03", "title": "Farming System Changes In The Vietnamese Uplands\u2014Using Fallow Length And Farmers' Adoption Of Sloping Agricultural Land Technologies As Indicators Of Environmental Sustainability", "description": "AbstractThe environmental sustainability of the farming system changes during the 1990s of two villages in the northwestern Vietnamese uplands was assessed by an analysis of changing fallow length practice and farmers' adoption of Sloping Agricultural Land Technologies (SALT) in relation to slope steepness. The fallow length change detection involved an identification of the vegetation succession stage of the fallow vegetation at the time of clearance and was based on high resolution satellite image classifications. The use of SALT was surveyed by ground registration and overlaid with a digital elevation model. The results were coupled with an assessment of farmers' ability and willingness to adopt SALT in order to detect changes in attitude and perceptions amongst the farmers regarding their future agricultural strategies, and a discussion of the level of livelihood diversification in the villages. The study illustrates the complexity of the development situation in the Vietnamese uplands and emphasises ...", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "ethnic upland communities", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "livelihood diversification", "15. Life on land", "shifting cultivation", "01 natural sciences", "12. Responsible consumption", "Faculty of Science", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "/dk/atira/pure/core/keywords/TheFacultyOfScience", "Fallow length", "change detection", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Folving, Rikke Louise, Christensen, Henriette,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1080/00167223.2007.10801374"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geografisk%20Tidsskrift-Danish%20Journal%20of%20Geography", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1080/00167223.2007.10801374", "name": "item", "description": "10.1080/00167223.2007.10801374", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1080/00167223.2007.10801374"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1186/s13570-014-0018-1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-05-30T16:20:07Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-11-24", "title": "Control Of Bush Encroachment In Borana Zone Of Southern Ethiopia: Effects Of Different Control Techniques On Rangeland Vegetation And Tick Populations", "description": "Open AccessA study on effects of bush encroachment control techniques on rangeland productivity and tick population dynamics was conducted in Arero district of Borana zone, southern Ethiopia, for three consecutive years. The study targeted two main and dominant encroaching bush species in Borana rangeland, Acacia drepanolobium and Acacia mellifera, and their effects on some vegetation attributes and tick population dynamics. A hectare of rangeland encroached by these two acacia species was replicated/divided into three plots, and each plot was subdivided into five sub-plots to receive five treatments: cutting at 0.5 m above ground and pouring kerosene on stumps (T1), cutting at 0.5 m above ground and debarking the stumps down into the soil surface (T2), cutting at 0.5 m above ground alone (T3), cutting at 0.5 m above ground and dissecting the stumps (T4) and control (T5). Data on basal and litter covers, soil erosion and compaction, dead and re-sprouted encroaching tree/shrub species and nymph- and adult-stage tick populations were collected before and after treatment applications. The applied treatments significantly influenced (p < 0.05) basal cover, nymph- and adult-stage tick population and the two encroaching tree species. The results of this study showed that T3 and T2 were good in controlling A. drepanolobium in that order. T4 and T2 had a significant effect in controlling A. mellifera in their order. Controlling bush encroachment had also a positive effect in eradicating the tick population. The most dominant grass and non-grass species observed after the control actions were Cenchrus ciliaris, Chrysopogon aucheri, Abutilon hirtum, Pennisetum mezianum, Dyschoriste hildebrandtii, Zaleya pentandra and Eragrostis papposa. Therefore, controlling encroaching tree/shrub species had created a conducive grazing area with palatable herbaceous species for the livestock and unequivocally reduced tick population which play a role in reducing cattle milk production through closing off teats. The management of bush encroachment, if sustained, will contribute in stabilizing rangelands and help minimize the negative effects of feed and food crises in the future.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Population", "Lantana", "Management", " Monitoring", " Policy and Law", "01 natural sciences", "Basal area", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Rangeland Degradation", "Sociology", "Agroforestry Systems and Biodiversity Enhancement", "Rangeland Degradation and Pastoral Livelihoods", "Pathology", "Agroforestry", "Biology", "Demography", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Ecology", "Life Sciences", "Forestry", "Factors Affecting Sagebrush Ecosystems and Wildlife Conservation", "15. Life on land", "Agronomy", "6. Clean water", "FOS: Sociology", "Shrub", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Environmental Science", "Physical Sciences", "Medicine", "Rangeland", "Vegetation (pathology)", "Tick"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Bikila Negasa, Bedasa Eba, Samuel Tuffa, Barecha Bayissa, Jaldesa Doyo, N. Van Husen,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s13570-014-0018-1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Pastoralism", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1186/s13570-014-0018-1", "name": "item", "description": "10.1186/s13570-014-0018-1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1186/s13570-014-0018-1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-11-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1371/journal.pone.0109063", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-30T16:20:17Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-10-14", "title": "Managing Semi-Arid Rangelands For Carbon Storage: Grazing And Woody Encroachment Effects On Soil Carbon And Nitrogen", "description": "Open AccessHigh grazing intensity and wide-spread woody encroachment may strongly alter soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) pools. However, the direction and quantity of these changes have rarely been quantified in East African savanna ecosystem. As shifts in soil C and N pools might further potentially influence climate change mitigation, we quantified and compared soil organic carbon (SOC) and total soil nitrogen (TSN) content in enclosures and communal grazing lands across varying woody cover i.e. woody encroachment levels. Estimated mean SOC and TSN stocks at 0-40 cm depth varied across grazing regimes and among woody encroachment levels. The open grazing land at the heavily encroached site on sandy loam soil contained the least SOC (30 \u00b1 2.1 Mg ha-1) and TSN (5 \u00b1 0.57 Mg ha-1) while the enclosure at the least encroached site on sandy clay soil had the greatest mean SOC (81.0 \u00b1 10.6 Mg ha-1) and TSN (9.2 \u00b1 1.48 Mg ha-1). Soil OC and TSN did not differ with grazing exclusion at heavily encroached sites, but were twice as high inside enclosure compared to open grazing soils at low encroached sites. Mean SOC and TSN in soils of 0-20 cm depth were up to 120% higher than that of the 21-40 cm soil layer. Soil OC was positively related to TSN, cation exchange capacity (CEC), but negatively related to sand content. Our results show that soil OC and TSN stocks are affected by grazing, but the magnitude is largely influenced by woody encroachment and soil texture. We suggest that improving the herbaceous layer cover through a reduction in grazing and woody encroachment restriction are the key strategies for reducing SOC and TSN losses and, hence, for climate change mitigation in semi-arid rangelands.", "keywords": ["Cation-exchange capacity", "01 natural sciences", "nitrogen", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Soil", "Biodiversity Conservation and Ecosystem Management", "Soil water", "Rangeland Degradation and Pastoral Livelihoods", "2. Zero hunger", "Ecology", "Q", "R", "Life Sciences", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Wood", "Soil carbon", "Droughts", "Grazing", "climate change", "Physical Sciences", "Medicine", "Rangeland", "Research Article", "Conservation of Natural Resources", "Nitrogen", "Science", "Plant Development", "Soil Science", "Management", " Monitoring", " Policy and Law", "Environmental science", "soil", "savannas", "Animals", "grazing", "Agroforestry", "Woody plant", "Soil Carbon Sequestration", "Biology", "Ecosystem", "Nature and Landscape Conservation", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "ecosystem", "Soil science", "Soil Fertility", "carbon", "Research Subject Categories::NATURAL SCIENCES", "Feeding Behavior", "15. Life on land", "Carbon", "Loam", "Agronomy", "13. Climate action", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Environmental Science", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Soil Carbon Dynamics and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0109063"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PLOS%20ONE", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1371/journal.pone.0109063", "name": "item", "description": "10.1371/journal.pone.0109063", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1371/journal.pone.0109063"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-10-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3389/fpls.2017.00996", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-30T16:21:39Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-06-20", "description": "Open AccessLas pr\u00e1cticas de agricultura de conservaci\u00f3n (AC) se est\u00e1n promoviendo ampliamente en muchas \u00e1reas del \u00c1frica subsahariana para recuperar los suelos degradados y mejorar los servicios ecosist\u00e9micos. Este estudio examin\u00f3 los efectos de tres pr\u00e1cticas de labranza [arado convencional con vertedera (CT), azada manual (MT) y labranza sin labranza (NT)], y tres sistemas de cultivo (ma\u00edz continuo, rotaci\u00f3n anual de soja-ma\u00edz y cultivo intercalado de soja/ma\u00edz) en la calidad del suelo, la productividad de los cultivos y la rentabilidad en ensayos en finca administrados por investigadores y agricultores de 2010 a 2013 en el noroeste de Ghana. En el ensayo madre gestionado por el investigador, las pr\u00e1cticas de AC de NT, retenci\u00f3n de residuos y rotaci\u00f3n/intercalaci\u00f3n de cultivos mantuvieron un mayor carbono org\u00e1nico del suelo y N total del suelo en comparaci\u00f3n con las pr\u00e1cticas de labranza convencionales despu\u00e9s de 4 a\u00f1os. La densidad aparente del suelo fue mayor en los suelos NT que en los suelos CT en los senderos madre gestionados por el investigador o en los ensayos de beb\u00e9s gestionados por los agricultores despu\u00e9s de 4 a\u00f1os. En el ensayo madre gestionado por el investigador, no hubo diferencias significativas entre los sistemas de labranza o los sistemas de cultivo en los rendimientos de ma\u00edz o soja en las primeras tres temporadas. En la cuarta temporada, la rotaci\u00f3n de cultivos tuvo el mayor impacto en los rendimientos de ma\u00edz con ma\u00edz CT despu\u00e9s de que la soja aumentara los rendimientos en un 41 y 49% en comparaci\u00f3n con el ma\u00edz MT y NT, respectivamente. En los ensayos gestionados por los agricultores, el rendimiento del ma\u00edz oscil\u00f3 entre 520 y 2700 kg ha-1 y entre 300 y 2000 kg ha-1 para CT y NT, respectivamente, lo que refleja las diferencias en la experiencia de los agricultores con NT. En promedio entre los agricultores, los sistemas de cultivo CT aumentaron el rendimiento de ma\u00edz y soja en un rango de 23 a 39% en comparaci\u00f3n con los sistemas de cultivo NT. El an\u00e1lisis parcial del presupuesto mostr\u00f3 que el costo de producir ma\u00edz o soja es 20-29% m\u00e1s barato con los sistemas NT y da mayores rendimientos al trabajo en comparaci\u00f3n con la pr\u00e1ctica de CT. Las relaciones beneficio/coste tambi\u00e9n muestran que los sistemas de cultivo NT son m\u00e1s rentables que los sistemas CT. Concluimos que con el tiempo, la implementaci\u00f3n de pr\u00e1cticas de AC que involucran NT, rotaci\u00f3n de cultivos, cultivos intercalados de ma\u00edz y soja junto con la retenci\u00f3n de residuos de cultivos presenta un escenario de beneficio mutuo debido a la mejora del rendimiento de los cultivos, el aumento del rendimiento econ\u00f3mico y las tendencias de aumento de la fertilidad del suelo. Sin embargo, el mayor desaf\u00edo sigue siendo producir suficiente biomasa y retenerla en el campo.", "keywords": ["Conservation agriculture", "Cropping", "Agricultural Innovation and Livelihood Diversification", "no-tillage", "Soil Science", "Plant Science", "Crop", "Soil quality", "Environmental science", "SB1-1110", "Tillage", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "residue retention", "crop rotation", "Crop rotation", "FOS: Mathematics", "profitability", "Crop residue", "Crop yield", "soil quality", "Crop Yield Stability", "Agroforestry", "Biology", "2. Zero hunger", "Conventional tillage", "Geography", "Crop Diversity", "Plant culture", "Life Sciences", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "crop yield", "Soil Nutrient Management", "15. Life on land", "Plough", "Agronomy", "conservation agriculture", "Intercropping", "Archaeology", "Agricultural science", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Intercropping in Agricultural Systems", "Soil Carbon Dynamics and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems", "General Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "intercropping", "Agronomy and Crop Science", "Mathematics", "Cropping system"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.00996"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Frontiers%20in%20Plant%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3389/fpls.2017.00996", "name": "item", "description": "10.3389/fpls.2017.00996", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3389/fpls.2017.00996"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-06-21T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Livelihood&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Livelihood&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "first", "title": "items (first)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Livelihood&", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "last", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (last)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Livelihood&offset=13", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 13, "numberReturned": 13, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-05-30T19:04:31.971846Z"}