{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.03.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-04-24", "title": "Influence Of Tillage, Residue Management, And Crop Rotation On Soil Microbial Biomass And Catabolic Diversity", "description": "The densely populated, intensively cropped subtropical highlands of the world have agricultural sustainability problems from soil erosion and fertility decline. In 1991, the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) initiated a long-term field experiment at its semi-arid highland experiment station in Mexico (2240 masl; 19.318N, 98.508W; Cumulic Phaeozem) to investigate the long-term effects of tillage/seeding practices, crop rotations, and crop residue management on maize and wheat grown under rainfed conditions. Soil ecology status contributes to agricultural system sustainability, and evaluations were made to determine the effect of different management practices on soil microbial biomass (SMB) (substrate-induced respiration (SIR) and chloroform fumigation incubation (CFI)) and micro-flora physiological and catabolic diversity (BIOLOG TM ecoplate well system). SMB-C (CFI, SIR) was significantly and respectively 1.2 and 1.3 times higher for residue retention (average 387 mg C kg 1 dry soil and 515 mg C kg 1 dry soil, respectively) compared to residue removal. SMB-C (CFI) was significantly higher for wheat (369 mg C kg 1 dry soil) compared to maize (319 mg C kg 1 dry soil). SMB-N (CFI) was significantly 1.3 times higher for residue retention (average 28 mg N kg 1 dry soil) compared to residue removal. The average well color development (AWCD) obtained by the BIOLOG TM ecoplate essay indicated there were large differences in the catabolic capability of soil microbial communities after 15 years of contrasting management practices. While maize and wheat rotation under conventional tillage with residue retention showed a significantly higher overall AWCD value compared to the other treatments, AWCD of maize with zero tillage and residue removal was significantly lower than in the other treatments. AWCD was significantly higher for residue retention compared to residue removal and for wheat as compared to maize. For maize, the management practices were divided into two groups; zero tillage with residue removal was separate from all other treatments. For wheat, conventional tillage was separate from all zero tillage treatments. This study suggests that in the target area, a cropping system that includes zero tillage, crop rotation, and crop residue retention can increase overall biomass and micro-flora activity and diversity compared with common farming practices. In the long term, zero tillage combined with residue retention creates conditions", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Conservation agriculture", "Small-scale farming", "Residue management", "Microbial biomass", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Crop rotations", "Catabolic diversity", "6. Clean water", "Tillage", "Central Mexico", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Field Scale", "Rainfed agriculture", "Conservation tillage"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.03.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.03.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.03.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.03.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.02.021", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-04-19", "title": "Response Of Soil Microbial Biomass And Enzyme Activities To The Transient Elevation Of Carbon Dioxide In A Semi-Arid Grassland", "description": "Abstract   Although elevation of CO 2  has been reported to impact soil microbial functions, little information is available on the spatial and temporal variation of this effect. The objective of this study was to determine the microbial response in a northern Colorado shortgrass steppe to a 5-year elevation of atmospheric CO 2  as well as the reversibility of the microbial response during a period of several months after shutting off the CO 2  amendment. The experiment was comprised of nine experimental plots: three chambered plots maintained at ambient CO 2  levels of 360\u00a0\u03bcmol\u00a0mol \u22121  (ambient treatment), three chambered plots maintained at 720\u00a0\u03bcmol\u00a0mol \u22121  CO 2  (elevated treatment) and three unchambered plots of equal ground area used as controls to monitor the chamber effect.  Elevated CO 2  induced mainly an increase of enzyme activities (protease, xylanase, invertase, alkaline phosphatase, arylsulfatase) in the upper 5\u00a0cm of the soil and did not change microbial biomass in the soil profile. Since rhizodeposition and newly formed roots enlarged the pool of easily available substrates mainly in the upper soil layers, enzyme regulation (production and activity) rather than shifts in microbial abundance was the driving factor for higher enzyme activities in the upper soil. Repeated soil sampling during the third to fifth year of the experiment revealed an enhancement of enzyme activities which varied in the range of 20\u201380%. Discriminant analysis including all microbiological properties revealed that the enzyme pattern in 1999 and 2000 was dominated by the CO 2  and chamber effect, while in 2001 the influence of elevated CO 2  increased and the chamber effect decreased.  Although microbial biomass did not show any response to elevated CO 2  during the main experiment, a significant increase of soil microbial N was detected as a post-treatment effect probably due to lower nutrient (nitrogen) competition between microorganisms and plants in this N-limited ecosystem. Whereas most enzyme activities showed a significant post-CO 2  effect in spring 2002 (following the conclusion of CO 2  enrichment the previous autumn, 2001), selective depletion of substrates is speculated to be the cause for non-significant treatment effects of most enzyme activities later in summer and autumn, 2002. Therefore, additional belowground carbon input mainly entered the fast cycling carbon pool and contributed little to long-term carbon storage in the semi-arid grassland.", "keywords": ["Carbon cycling", "2. Zero hunger", "Carbon dioxide", "13. Climate action", "Shortgrass steppe", "Microbial biomass", "Climate change", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Soil enzymes", "Below ground processes", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.02.021"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.02.021", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.02.021", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.02.021"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.12.005", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:07Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-01-16", "title": "Short-Term Mesofauna Responses To Soil Additions Of Corn Stover Biochar And The Role Of Microbial Biomass", "description": "Biochar additions have been suggested to influence soil microbial communities that, through a cascade effect, may also impact soil fauna. In turn, any direct biochar effects on fauna can influence microbial communities through grazing, physical fragmentation of organic debris (and biochar) and modifying soil structure. If biochar creates a favorable environment for soil microorganisms, it is also plausible for fauna to be attracted to such microbially enriched habitats. However, how soil fauna respond to biochar addition to soil and what are the main factors that drive their behavior has rarely been experimentally addressed. Therefore, the behavior of two mesofauna species was assessed as a result of corn stover biochar (slow pyrolysis at 600 \u00b0C) additions to a loamy temperate soil, after preincubation for 2, 17, 31 and 61 d, and related to variations in microbial biomass and activity. Microbial biomass increased by 5-56% and activity by 6-156% with increasing biochar rates for the different preincubation times. Over the incubation time, microbial biomass did not change or increased at most 15% with the different biochar rates, while in turn microbial activity decreased steadily (around 70-80% at day 61). Enchytraeids generally did not show avoidance or preference to biochar when provided with an alternative unamended soil, while collembolans often showed avoidance responses. However, collembolan avoidance to biochar decreased or disappeared in biochar mixtures with higher microbial biomass and water extractable NH4-N content, agreeing with the plausible role of microorganisms to potentially attract soil fauna after biochar applications. Avoidance response was mainly explained by environmental preferences of the test species and not by any toxic effect of the biochar in this study. However, avoidance after the application of biochar may still need to be considered due to the potential negative impacts of individuals' migration on soil ecosystem functioning.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Biochar", "Behavior", "Avoidance", "Microbial biomass", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Ammonium", "Soil fauna"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.12.005"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.12.005", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.12.005", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.12.005"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "0e018dea-ab53-461f-b454-2eaaca8c765c", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[6.67, 47.98], [6.67, 51.27], [10.81, 51.27], [10.81, 47.98], [6.67, 47.98]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "farming"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Soil"}, {"id": "winter wheat"}, {"id": "spring barley"}, {"id": "organic fertilizers"}, {"id": "ammonium"}, {"id": "nitrates"}, {"id": "protein quality"}], "scheme": "AGROVOC Multilingual agricultural thesaurus"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "opendata; Wheat"}, {"id": "barley"}, {"id": "organic agriculture"}, {"id": "Rhizosphere soil"}, {"id": "bulk soil"}, {"id": "microbial biomass"}, {"id": "microrespiration"}, {"id": "meta-barcode sequencing of bacterial community"}, {"id": "quantification of bacterial inoculant"}, {"id": "gluten"}, {"id": "HMW"}, {"id": "hordein"}, {"id": "ProteinZ"}, {"id": "bread quality"}, {"id": "grain storage protein"}], "scheme": "Individual"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Boden"}], "scheme": "GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0"}], "rights": "Restrictions applied to assure the protection of privacy or intellectual property, and any special restrictions or limitations or warnings on using the resource or metadata. Reports, articles, papers, scientific and non - scientific works of any form, including tables, maps, or any other kind of output, in printed or electronic form, based in whole or in part on the data supplied, must contain an acknowledgement of the form: \"Data reused from the BonaRes Data Centre www.bonares.de. This data were created as part of the Rhizo4Bio - bread and beer's research activities.\" Although every care has been taken in preparing and testing the data, the Rhizo4Bio - bread and beer and the BonaRes Data Centre cannot guarantee that the data are correct; neither does the Rhizo4Bio - bread and beer and the BonaRes Data Centre accept any liability whatsoever for any error, missing data or omission in the data, or for any loss or damage arising from its use. The Rhizo4Bio - bread and beer and BonaRes Data Centre will not be responsible for any direct or indirect use which might be made of the data.", "updated": "2024-08-22", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2024-07-18", "language": "eng", "title": "Production of wheat and barley under reduced input in organic farming - Soil parameters for season I and II", "description": "During the last decades, organic farming has undergone a notable expansion as a common agricultural practice throughout the world. This, together with an increasing demand for fertilizer and pesticide reduction has led to consider different and new approaches. We investigate the effect of Hartmannibacter diazotrophicus strain E19, a plant growth promoting rhizobacterium, in order to enhance the production of wheat and barley under low energy input. For that, we analyze the effect of three factors: organic fertilizer (with and without, only wheat), row distance (15 cm and 50 cm), and bacterial inoculation (E19 and control) at two different organic experimental field stations (Gladbacherhof and Kleinhohenheim). The dataset provides information about different parameter determined from rhizosphere soil and root samples collected at two different developmental stages (flowering and milk/fully ripe), as well as, the grain yield, straw yield, 1000 kernel mass, and seed quality during the seasons 2020-2021 and 2021-2022. The following soil parameter were evaluated: ammonium, nitrate, carbon-nitrogen ratio, microbial biomass, the respiration activity using different carbon sources (glucose, galactose, N-acetylglucosamine, arginine). These data sets are currently under evaluation and complemented with the quantification from root samples through quantitative PCR (qPCR) of strain E19 and the metabarcoding sequencing of the bacterial communities based on 16S rRNA genes obtained from rhizosphere soil samples during the two seasons.  Soil parameter data\n\nRelated datasets are listed in the metadata element 'Related Identifier'.\nDataset version 1.0", "formats": [{"name": "CSV"}], "keywords": ["Soil", "winter wheat", "spring barley", "organic fertilizers", "ammonium", "nitrates", "protein quality", "opendata; Wheat", "barley", "organic agriculture", "Rhizosphere soil", "bulk soil", "microbial biomass", "microrespiration", "meta-barcode sequencing of bacterial community", "quantification of bacterial inoculant", "gluten", "HMW", "hordein", "ProteinZ", "bread quality", "grain storage protein", "Boden"], "contacts": [{"name": "Santiago Quiroga", "organization": "Justus-Liebig University Giessen", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "Santiago.Quiroga@umwelt.uni-giessen.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": {"url": null, "protocol": null, "protocol_url": "", "name": "0009-0001-1392-8241", "name_url": "", "description": "ORCID", "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": null}}]}, {"name": "Sylvia Schnell", "organization": "Justus-Liebig University Giessen", "position": null, "roles": ["projectLeader"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "sylvia.schnell@umwelt.uni-giessen.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": {"url": null, "protocol": null, "protocol_url": "", "name": "0000-0003-3903-6089", "name_url": "", "description": "orcid", "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": null}}]}, {"name": "ZALF", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)", "position": "Research Platform 'Data Analysis & Simulation' - Workgroup Research Data Management", "roles": ["publisher"], "phones": [{"value": "+49 33432 82 300"}], "emails": [{"value": "dataservice@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Eberswalder Strasse 84"], "city": "M\u00fcncheberg", "administrativeArea": "Brandenburg", "postalCode": "15374", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Stefan Ratering", "organization": "Justus-Liebig University Giessen", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "Stefan.Ratering@umwelt.uni-giessen.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": {"url": null, "protocol": null, "protocol_url": "", "name": "0000-0001-7572-6306", "name_url": "", "description": "ORCID", "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": null}}]}, {"name": "Azin Rekowski", "organization": "University of Hohenheim", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "azin.ghabelrahmat@uni-hohenheim.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": {"url": null, "protocol": null, "protocol_url": "", "name": "0000-0003-0179-663X", "name_url": "", "description": "ORCID", "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": null}}]}, {"name": "Christian Z\u00f6rb", "organization": "University of Hohenheim", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "Christian.zoerb@uni-hohenheim.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": {"url": null, "protocol": null, "protocol_url": "", "name": "0000-0003-0000-5138", "name_url": "", "description": "ORCID", "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": null}}]}, {"name": "Sylvia Schnell", "organization": "Justus-Liebig University Giessen", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "sylvia.schnell@umwelt.uni-giessen.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": {"url": null, "protocol": null, "protocol_url": "", "name": "0000-0003-3903-6089", "name_url": "", "description": "ORCID", "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": null}}]}, {"organization": "University of Hohenheim;Justus-Liebig University Giessen", "roles": ["contributor"]}], "title_alternate": "LTE: Part 1/5, table: Soil parameters for season I and II"}, "links": [{"href": "https://maps.bonares.de/mapapps/resources/apps/bonares/index.html?lang=en&mid=0e018dea-ab53-461f-b454-2eaaca8c7gmd:65c", "rel": "download"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/0e018dea-ab53-461f-b454-2eaaca8c765c", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "0e018dea-ab53-461f-b454-2eaaca8c765c", "name": "item", "description": "0e018dea-ab53-461f-b454-2eaaca8c765c", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/0e018dea-ab53-461f-b454-2eaaca8c765c"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-08-22T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/ece3.1867", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:14:01Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-01-11", "title": "Grazing Exclusion Reduced Soil Respiration But Increased Its Temperature Sensitivity In A Meadow Grassland On The Tibetan Plateau", "description": "Abstract<p>Understanding anthropogenic influences on soil respiration (Rs) is critical for accurate predictions of soil carbon fluxes, but it is not known how Rs responds to grazing exclusion (GE). Here, we conducted a manipulative experiment in a meadow grassland on the Tibetan Plateau to investigate the effects of GE on Rs. The exclusion of livestock significantly increased soil moisture and above\uffe2\uff80\uff90ground biomass, but it decreased soil temperature, microbial biomass carbon (MBC), and Rs. Regression analysis indicated that the effects of GE on Rs were mainly due to changes in soil temperature, soil moisture, and MBC. Compared with the grazed blocks, GE significantly decreased soil carbon release by 23.6% over the growing season and 21.4% annually, but it increased the temperature sensitivity (Q10) of Rs by 6.5% and 14.2% for the growing season and annually respectively. Therefore, GE may reduce the release of soil carbon from the Tibetan Plateau, but under future climate warming scenarios, the increases in Q10 induced by GE could lead to increased carbon emissions.</p>", "keywords": ["570", "MICROBIAL RESPIRATION", "Environmental Sciences & Ecology", "Plant Productivity", "Temperature Sensitivity", "ALPINE GRASSLAND", "630", "Microbial Biomass Carbon", "NORTHERN CHINA", "SEASONAL PATTERNS", "MOUNTAIN GRASSLANDS", "Grazing Exclusion", "Tibetan Plateau", "PLANT-COMMUNITIES", "Original Research", "2. Zero hunger", "Science & Technology", "CLIMATE-CHANGE", "CO2 EFFLUX", "Ecology", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "INNER-MONGOLIA", "BELOW-GROUND BIOMASS", "Soil Respiration", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Life Sciences & Biomedicine"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.1867"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecology%20and%20Evolution", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/ece3.1867", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/ece3.1867", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/ece3.1867"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-01-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/hyp.10008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:14:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-08-12", "title": "Soil C And N Response To Changes In Winter Precipitation In A Subalpine Forest Ecosystem, Nw Italy", "description": "Abstract<p>Among the potential effects of climate change on subalpine forest ecosystems during the winter season, the shift in snowline towards higher altitudes and the increase in frequency of rain events on the snowpack are of particular interest. Here, we present the results of a 2\uffe2\uff80\uff90year field experiment conducted in a forest stand (Larix decidua) in NW Italy at 2020\uffe2\uff80\uff89m\uffe2\uff80\uff89a.s.l. From 2009 to 2011, we monitored soil physical characteristics (temperature and moisture), and soil and soil solution chemistry, in particular carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) forms and their change in time, as affected by simulated late snowpack accumulation and rain on snow events. Late snowpack accumulation determined a stronger effect on soil thermal and moisture regimes than rain on snow events. Also soil chemistry was significantly affected by late snowfall simulation. Although microbial biomass C and N were not reduced by soil freezing, soil contents of the more labile dissolved organic carbon and inorganic N increased when the soil was affected by mild/hard freezing. Variations in the soil solution were shifted with respect to those observed in soil, with an increase in N\uffe2\uff80\uff90NO3\uffe2\uff88\uff92 concentrations occurring during spring and summer. This study highlights the potential N loss in subalpine soils under changing environmental conditions driven by a changing climate. Copyright \uffc2\uffa9 2013 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.</p>", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "microbial biomass; lysimeters; rain on snow; snow manipulation", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "VIGLIETTI, DAVIDE, FREPPAZ, Michele, FILIPPA, Gianluca, ZANINI, Ermanno,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://iris.unito.it/bitstream/2318/144272/1/Viglietti%20et%20al.%20pre%20print_4aperto.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Hydrological%20Processes", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/hyp.10008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/hyp.10008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/hyp.10008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-09-10T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/jpln.201300371", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:14:07Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-05-12", "title": "Soil Microbiological Properties And Its Stratification Ratios For Soil Quality Assessment Under Different Cover Crop Management Systems In A Semiarid Vineyard", "description": "Abstract<p>In vineyards in Spain, tillage and semiarid Mediterranean climatic conditions accelerate organic matter loss from the soil. Cover crops are a conservation management practice that can provoke changes in soil quality which requires evaluation. Stratification ratios of soil properties such as soil organic C and labile C fractions have been proposed for the assessment of soil quality under different soil management systems. Our objective was to study the effect of different cover crop management on various soil parameters and their stratification ratios. We evaluated three different soil managements in a Typic Haploxerept from NE Spain: conventional tillage (CT); 5\uffe2\uff80\uff90y continuous cover crop of resident vegetation (RV); and 4\uffe2\uff80\uff90y continuous cover crop of Festuca longifolia Thuill., followed by 1\uffe2\uff80\uff90y Bromus catharticus L. after resowing (BV). We monitored soil organic C, particulate organic C, water soluble C, potentially mineralizable N, microbial biomass C, \uffce\uffb2\uffe2\uff80\uff90glucosidase and urease enzymatic activities, and water stable aggregates at 0\uffe2\uff80\uff932.5, 2.5\uffe2\uff80\uff935, 5\uffe2\uff80\uff9315, 15\uffe2\uff80\uff9325, and 25\uffe2\uff80\uff9345\uffe2\uff80\uff89cm soil depths. We calculated soil depth stratification ratios of those soil properties. Resident cover crop increased microbiological properties, labile C fractions, and aggregation with respect to conventional tillage at 0\uffe2\uff80\uff932.5 and 2.5\uffe2\uff80\uff935\uffe2\uff80\uff89cm soil depths. However, for Bromus cover crop the same soil properties were lower than for the resident cover crop at 0\uffe2\uff80\uff932.5\uffe2\uff80\uff89cm depth. Stratification ratios of \uffce\uffb2\uffe2\uff80\uff90glucosidase and urease enzymatic activities, and particulate organic C showed a higher sensitivity than other soil properties; therefore, they would be the best indicators for soil quality assessment in semiarid Mediterranean vineyards.</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Water stable aggregates", "Cover crops in vineyard", "Enzymatic activities", "13. Climate action", "Labile C fractions", "Microbial biomass C", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Soil quality"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.201300371"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Plant%20Nutrition%20and%20Soil%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/jpln.201300371", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/jpln.201300371", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/jpln.201300371"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-05-12T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2011.08.020", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:44Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-10-08", "title": "Controls over soil microbial biomass responses to carbon amendments in agricultural systems: A meta-analysis", "description": "Soil microbial biomass (MB) facilitates key ecosystem functions such as soil aggregation and nutrient cycling and makes a substantial contribution to soil organic matter. While agricultural conversion drastically reduces MB, the use of organic amendments is an effective way to rebuild depleted MB. Yet, little is known about broad-scale, global controls over MB responses to organic inputs. We used a meta-analysis to identify the degree to which soil properties, agricultural management, and geographic location regulate MB response (carbon, Cmic; nitrogen, Nmic; and C:N ratio, C:Nmic) to animal manure-based inputs relative to inorganic fertilizers. We show that organic amendments increased Cmic by 36% and Nmic by 27% across all observations. The chemistry of amendments and their application rates were the strongest regulators of Cmic but edaphic properties were also important. C:Nmic averaged 8.6 and was not influenced by organic amendments under any conditions, providing evidence that the physiological requirements of microbes, rather than management or environmental factors, constrain their elemental stoichiometry. Our study indicates that even small quantities of organic amendments can be used to rapidly restore MB across a range of cropping systems but specific responses depend upon the type and rate of inputs as well soil characteristics.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Nitrogen", "Microbial biomass", "Agriculture", "Compost", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Biogeochemistry", "15. Life on land", "Carbon", "Manure", "13. Climate action", "Fertilization", "Soils", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Kallenbach, Cynthia M., Grandy, A. Stuart,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2011.08.020"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2011.08.020", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2011.08.020", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2011.08.020"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2009.05.004", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:41Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-06-10", "title": "Long-Term Effects Of Conservation Tillage On Organic Fractions In Two Soils In Southwest Of Spain", "description": "Open AccessAuthors want to thank to Comisi\u00f3n Interministerial de Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda (CICYT) through project (AGL2005-2423), and to the Education and Science Ministry for financial support to the project INIA (RTA2006-00058-CO3-01 y 02), which allowed this work to be carried out. Also the complementary funding by the IFAPA through grant FIC07-06 is acknowledged. S. Melero thanks to CSIC for her contract through program \u2018\u2018JAE-Doc\u2019\u2019 and R. L\u00f3pez thanks to Science and Technology Ministry for funding her grant.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "b-Glucosidase activity", "Microbial biomass carbon (MBC) to TOC", "Direct drilling", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Permanganate oxidizable carbon", "Ratio", "Diphenol oxidase activity", "6. Clean water", "Tillage"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2009.05.004"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2009.05.004", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2009.05.004", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2009.05.004"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/pl00008870", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:14:24Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-04-10", "title": "Spring Ephemeral Herbs And Nitrogen Cycling In A Northern Hardwood Forest: An Experimental Test Of The Vernal Dam Hypothesis", "description": "In the late 1970s R.N. Muller and F.H. Bormann posited their 'vernal dam' hypothesis, stating that spring-ephemeral herbs in deciduous forests serve as a temporary sink for N when overstory trees are dormant, and then release this N later, in the summer, when the trees are active. This hypothesis has gained wide acceptance, yet two of its critical assumptions have never been experimentally tested: (1) that N taken up by spring ephemerals would otherwise be lost from the ecosystem, and (2) that N from senesced ephemeral tissues contributes to increased rates of summertime N mineralization. To test these assumptions, I quantified patterns of N cycling and loss from a set of paired plots, half of which served as controls and from half of which all spring-ephemeral plants were removed. There were no significant differences in NO3- leaching between plots with and without spring ephemeral vegetation. These results are consistent with the relatively low rates of N uptake by the dominant spring ephemeral, Allium tricoccum, and its apparent preference for NH4+, which is far less mobile in soil than NO3-. In addition, based on sequential sampling, I found that soil microorganisms took up 8 times as much N during the spring than did spring-ephemeral herbs (microbial uptake=3.19 vs. plant uptake=0.41 g N m-2), suggesting that microbial immobilization of N is the dominant sink for N during this season. Removal of spring ephemeral vegetation also had no effect on summertime rates of net N mineralization. Furthermore, the addition of spring ephemeral litter to soil+forest floor microcosms did not significantly increase rates of N mineralization in a laboratory incubation. Instead, this experiment demonstrated the overwhelming influence of forest floor litter in controlling the release of mineral N from these soils. Overall, neither assumption of the vernal dam hypothesis holds true in this ecosystem, where patterns of N cycling and loss appear to be dominated by microbial decomposition of forest floor material and soil organic matter.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "NO3\u2013 Leaching", "N Immobilization", "Science", "Ecology and Evolutionary Biology", "Key Words Vernal Dam", "Natural Resources and Environment", "Molecular", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Spring Ephemerals", "01 natural sciences", "Microbial Biomass", "Legacy", "Health Sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Cellular and Developmental Biology"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Rothstein, David E.", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/pl00008870"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Oecologia", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/pl00008870", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/pl00008870", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/pl00008870"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2000-08-23T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00374-002-0459-3", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:14:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-02-13", "title": "Impact Of A Change In Tillage And Crop Residue Management Practice On Soil Chemical And Microbiological Properties In A Cereal-Producing Red Duplex Soil In Nsw, Australia", "description": "The effect of a change of tillage and crop residue management practice on the chemical and microbiological properties of a cereal-producing red duplex soil was investigated by superimposing each of three management practices (CC: conventional cultivation, stubble burnt, crop conventionally sown; DD: direct-drilling, stubble retained, no cultivation, crop direct-drilled; SI: stubble incorporated with a single cultivation, crop conventionally sown), for a 3-year period on plots previously managed with each of the same three practices for 14 years. A change from DD to CC or SI practice resulted in a significant decline, in the top 0\u20135 cm of soil, in organic C, total N, electrical conductivity, NH4-N, NO3-N, soil moisture holding capacity, microbial biomass and CO2 respiration as well as a decline in the microbial quotient (the ratio of microbial biomass C to organic C; P  0.05). However, there was a significant increase in microbial biomass and the microbial quotient in the top 0\u20135 cm of soil following the change from CC to DD or SI practice and with the change from SI to DD practice (P <0.05). Analysis of ester-linked fatty acid methyl esters (EL-FAMEs) extracted from the 0- to 5-cm and 5- to 10-cm layers of the soils of the various treatments detected changes in the FAME profiles following a change in tillage practice. A change from DD practice to SI or CC practice was associated with a significant decline in the ratio of fungal to bacterial fatty acids in the 0- to 5-cm soil (P <0.05). The results show that a change in tillage practice, particularly the cultivation of a previously minimum-tilled (direct-drilled) soil, will result in significant changes in soil chemical and microbiological properties within a 3-year period. They also show that soil microbiological properties are sensitive indicators of a change in tillage practice.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "biomass", "cellular organisms", "microbiology", "Australia", "Microbial biomass", "duplex", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Fatty acid methyl esters", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "Stubble retention", "Tillage", "crop residue", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Organic C", "Bacteria (microorganisms)", "management practice"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-002-0459-3"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biology%20and%20Fertility%20of%20Soils", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00374-002-0459-3", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00374-002-0459-3", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00374-002-0459-3"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2002-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00374-005-0832-0", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:14:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-02-17", "title": "Carbon And Nitrogen Dynamics In A Phosphorus-Deficient Soil Amended With Organic Residues And Fertilizers In Western Kenya", "description": "The contribution of organic resources to the restoration of soil fertility in smallholder farming systems in East Africa is being tested as an alternative to costly fertilizers. Organic inputs are expected to have advantages over fertilizers by affecting many biochemical properties controlling nutrient cycling. Our study examined changes in soil C and N, C and N mineralization, microbial biomass C (MBC) and N (MBN), and particulate organic matter (POM) in a P-limiting soil in western Kenya after applications of organic residues and fertilizers to overcome P limitation to crops. Leaf biomass from six different tree (shrub) species was incorporated into the soil at 5 Mg ha\u22121 for five consecutive maize growing seasons, over 2.5 years. Triple superphosphate was applied separately at 0, 10, 25, 50, and 150 kg P ha\u22121 in combination with 120 kg N ha\u22121 as urea. Soil inorganic N, soil organic C, mineralizable N, and total C in all POM fractions and total N in the 53- to 250-\u03bcm POM fraction increased following addition of all organic residues compared to the control. Whether there was an advantage of organic residue incorporation over inorganic fertilizer use depended on the soil parameter studied, the organic residue and the rate of fertilization. Most differences were found in N mineralization where 14.4\u201321.6 mg N kg\u22121 was mineralized in fertilizer treatments compared to 25.2\u201330.5 mg N kg\u22121 in organic residue treatments. C and N mineralization and the 53- to 250-\u03bcm POM fractions were the most sensitive parameters, correlating with most of the studied parameters. Organic residues can contribute to improved soil nutrient cycling while the magnitude of their contribution depends on the biochemical properties of the residues.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "phosphorus fertilizer", "13. Climate action", "microbial biomass carbon", "leaf biomass", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "mineralization", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "particulate organic matter", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-005-0832-0"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biology%20and%20Fertility%20of%20Soils", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00374-005-0832-0", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00374-005-0832-0", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00374-005-0832-0"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-02-18T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00374-006-0139-9", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:14:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-10-10", "title": "Effect Of Intercropping On Crop Yield And Chemical And Microbiological Properties In Rhizosphere Of Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.), Maize (Zea Mays L.), And Faba Bean (Vicia Faba L.)", "description": "In this study, we investigated crop yield and various chemical and microbiological properties in rhizosphere of wheat, maize, and faba bean grown in the field solely and intercropped (wheat/faba bean, wheat/maize, and maize/faba bean) in the second and third year after establishment of the cropping systems. In both years, intercropping increased crop yield, changed N and P availability, and affected the microbiological properties in rhizosphere of the three species compared to sole cropping. Generally, intercropping increased microbial biomass C, N, and P availability, whereas it reduced microbial biomass N in rhizosphere of wheat. The rhizosphere bacterial community composition was studied by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of 16S rRNA. In the third year of different cropping systems, intercropping significantly changed bacterial community composition in rhizosphere compared with sole cropping, and the effects were most pronounced in the wheat/faba bean intercropping system. The effects were less pronounced in the second year. The results show that intercropping has significant effects on microbiological and chemical properties in the rhizosphere, which may contribute to the yield enhancement by intercropping.", "keywords": ["PCR-DGGE", "2. Zero hunger", "Intercropping", "571", "Bacterial community composition", "Rhizosphere", "Microbial biomass", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-006-0139-9"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biology%20and%20Fertility%20of%20Soils", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00374-006-0139-9", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00374-006-0139-9", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00374-006-0139-9"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-10-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00374-007-0214-x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:14:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-06-14", "title": "Impact Of Fire On Fungal Abundance And Microbial Efficiency In C Assimilation And Mineralisation In A Mediterranean Maquis Soil", "description": "The present study investigates the impact of fire (low and high severity) on soil fungal abundance and microbial efficiency in C assimilation and mineralisation in a Mediterranean maquis area of Southern Italy over 2 years after fire. In burned and control soils total and active fungal mycelium, microbial biomass C, percentage of microbial biomass C present as fungal C, metabolic quotient (qCO2) and coefficient of endogenous mineralisation (CEM) were assayed together with several chemical properties of soil (i.e. pH and contents of organic C, total and mineral N, available K, Mg, Mn and water). Fire significantly decreased the fungal mycelium, whereas it stimulated microbial growth probably through the enhancement of bacterial growth because of the increase in organic C and nutrient contents in burned plots. This shift in microbial community composition might explain the observed reduction in soil microbial efficiency of C assimilation (high qCO2) and the increase in C mineralisation rate (CEM) in the first 84 days after fire. Therefore, fire might increase CO2 input to the atmosphere not only during combustion phase but also in the post-fire period.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "CEM; Fire severity; Fungal mycelium; Microbial biomass; qCO; 2;", "fungal mycelium", "fire severity", "microbial biomass", "13. Climate action", "microbial biomass; fungal mycelium; fire severity", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-007-0214-x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biology%20and%20Fertility%20of%20Soils", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00374-007-0214-x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00374-007-0214-x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00374-007-0214-x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-06-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00374-010-0455-y", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:14:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-03-26", "title": "Reversing Agriculture From Intensive To Sustainable Improves Soil Quality In A Semiarid South Italian Soil", "description": "Intensive agriculture (IA) is widespread in South Italy, although it requires frequent tillage, large amounts of fertilizers and irrigation water. We have assessed the efficacy of reversing IA to sustainable agriculture (SA) in recovering quality of a typical South Italy soil (Lithic Haploxeralf). This reversion, lasting from 2000 to 2007, replaced 75% of nutrients formerly supplied inorganically by farmyard manuring and reduced the tillage frequency. Several chemical and biochemical properties, functionally related to C and N mineralisation\u2013immobilisation processes and to P and S nutrient cycles, were monitored annually from 2005 to 2007 in the spring. Reversing IA to SA decreased soil bulk density, almost doubled the soil organic matter (SOM) as favoured the immobilisation of C and N, increased most soil microbial indicators but decreased contents of nitrate, mineral N and K2SO4-extractable C. The K2SO4-extractable C/K2SO4-extractable organic N ratio suggested that substrate quality rather than the mass of readily available C and N affected biomass and activity of soil microflora. Also, the largely higher 10-day-evolved CO2\u2013C-to-inorganic N ratio under SA than IA indicated that higher C mineralisation, associated with higher microbial biomass N immobilisation, occurred under SA than IA. Decreases in most soil enzyme activities under IA, compared to SA, were much higher than concomitant decreases in SOM content. Soil salinity and sodicity were always higher in IA than SA soil, although not critically high, likely due to the intensive inorganic fertilisation as irrigation waters were qualitatively and quantitatively the same between the two soils. Thus, we suggest that the cumulative small but long-term saline (osmotic) and sodic (dispersing) effects in IA soil decreased the microbial variables more than total organic C and increased soil bulk density.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Soil quality; Sustainable agriculture; Soil microbial biomass; Microbial activity; Semiarid Mediterranean environment", "Sustainable agriculture", "Soil microbial biomass", "Soil quality ; Sustainable agriculture .; Soil chemstry", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Soil quality", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "Microbial activity", "Semiarid Mediterranean environment", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-010-0455-y"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biology%20and%20Fertility%20of%20Soils", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00374-010-0455-y", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00374-010-0455-y", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00374-010-0455-y"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-03-27T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00374-010-0462-z", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:14:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-04-26", "title": "The Effect Of Different Tree Species On The Chemical And Microbial Properties Of Reclaimed Mine Soils", "description": "The chemical and microbial properties of afforested mine soils are likely to depend on the species composition of the introduced vegetation. This study compared the chemical and microbial properties of organic horizons and the uppermost mineral layers in mine soils under pure pine (Pinus sylvestris), birch (Betula pendula), larch (Larix decidua), alder (Alnus glutinosa), and mixed pine\u2013alder and birch\u2013alder forest stands. The studied properties included soil pH, content of organic C (Corg) and total N (Nt), microbial biomass (Cmic), basal respiration, nitrogen mineralization rate (Min-N), and the activities of dehydrogenase, acid phosphomonoesterase, and urease. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR) was used to detect differences in the chemical composition of soil organic matter under the studied forest stands. There were significant differences in Corg and Nt contents between stands in both O and mineral soil horizons and also in the chemical composition of the accumulated organic matter, as indicated by NIR spectra differences. Alder was associated with the largest Corg and Nt accumulation but also with a significant decrease of pH in the mineral soil. Microbial biomass, respiration, the percentage of Corg present as Cmic, Min-N, and dehydrogenase activity were the highest under the birch stand, indicating a positive effect of birch on soil microflora. Admixture of alder to coniferous stand increased basal respiration, Min-N, and activities of dehydrogenase and acid phosphomonoesterase as compared with the pure pine stand. In the O horizon, soil pH and Nt content had the most important effects on all microbial properties. In this horizon, the activities of urease and acid phosphomonoesterase did not depend on microbial biomass. In the mineral layer, however, the amount of accumulated C and microbial biomass were of primary importance for the enzyme activities.", "keywords": ["microbial biomass", "13. Climate action", "soil enzyme activities", "NIR spectroscopy", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "mine soils", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-010-0462-z"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biology%20and%20Fertility%20of%20Soils", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00374-010-0462-z", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00374-010-0462-z", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00374-010-0462-z"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-04-27T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00374-012-0708-z", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:14:31Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-06-04", "title": "Short-Term Effects Of Forest Recovery On Soil Carbon And Nutrient Availability In An Experimental Chestnut Stand", "description": "Soil organic matter (SOM) pools and soil available calcium (Caexch) were monitored during a 4-year period in an experimental chestnut stand treated for the restoration of timber production. In 2004 the stand was cut and stumps were grafted. Before the forestry operations, the biocycling process seemed to contrast soil nutrient loss, returning Ca to mineral soil through plant activity. Therefore, we hypothesized that the regrowing vegetation after forestry operations would supply Ca to the soil surface and maintain a certain soil fertility level. In fact, from 2005, a progressive recovery of 460\u00a0mg Caexch kg\u22121\u00a0year\u22121 at the soil surface was found, corresponding to about 5\u00a0% of the Ca of the leaf litter (8,605\u00a0mg Ca kg\u22121, chestnut leaves sampled in 2007). However, the Caexch seemed to depend on the humified C (r                 2\u2009=\u20090.858; p\u2009<\u20090.01). At the soil surface, the humified C decreased. Therefore, other processes involving SOM dynamics may be taken into account. After the first year, the scarce presence of litter layer at the soil surface could have exacerbated soil erosion and reduction of SOM content, as shown by the change in horizon thickness and C amount. In later years a litterfall layer was present due to the regrowing vegetation and soil erosion was reduced, but SOM turnover did not change. In parallel the amount of microbial biomass C and soil respiration increased. Because the addition of new C source from regrowing vegetation can stimulate soil microbial activity, we hypothesized that the occurrence of a priming effect in our soil could further affect soil C and nutrient availability in later years management change.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "SOIL ORGANIC MATTER; CALCIUM; MICROBIAL BIOMASS; BIOCYCLING; PRIMING EFFECT", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-012-0708-z"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biology%20and%20Fertility%20of%20Soils", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00374-012-0708-z", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00374-012-0708-z", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00374-012-0708-z"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-06-05T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s003740050411", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:14:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2002-08-25", "title": "Soil Microbial And Extractable C And N After Wildfire", "description": "Open AccessPeer reviewed", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "Temperate humid zone", "Microbial biomass", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Uncontrolled burning", "Forest soils", "15. Life on land", "Potassium-sulphate-soluble C and N", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s003740050411"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biology%20and%20Fertility%20of%20Soils", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s003740050411", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s003740050411", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s003740050411"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1998-06-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s003740050613", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:14:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2002-08-25", "title": "Changes In Soil Microbial Biomass, Metabolic Quotient, And Organic Matter Turnover Under Hieracium (H-Pilosella L.)", "description": "Open AccessPeer reviewed", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Hieracium invasion", "Organic C and N turnover", "Microbial biomass", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "High country", "Tussock grassland"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s003740050613"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biology%20and%20Fertility%20of%20Soils", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s003740050613", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s003740050613", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s003740050613"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1999-12-10T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00442-004-1540-4", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:14:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-03-19", "title": "Feedback Interactions Between Needle Litter Decomposition And Rhizosphere Activity", "description": "The aim of our study was to identify interactions between the decomposition of aboveground litter and rhizosphere activity. The experimental approach combined the placement of labelled litter (delta13C=-37.9 per thousand ) with forest girdling in a 35-year-old Norway spruce stand, resulting in four different treatment combinations: GL (girdled, litter), GNL (girdled, no litter), NGL (not girdled, litter), and NGNL (not girdled, no litter). Monthly sampling of soil CO2 efflux and delta13C of soil respired CO2 between May and October 2002 allowed the partitioning of the flux into that derived from the labelled litter, and that derived from native soil organic matter and roots. The effect of forest girdling on soil CO2 efflux was detectable from June (girdling took place in April), and resulted in GNL fluxes to be about 50% of NGNL fluxes by late August. The presence of litter resulted in significantly increased fluxes for the first 2 months of the experiment, with significantly greater litter derived fluxes from non-girdled plots and a significant interaction between girdling and litter treatments over the same period. For NGL collars, the additional efflux was found to originate only in part from litter decomposition, but also from the decay of native soil organic matter. In GL collars, this priming effect was not significant, indicating an active role of the rhizosphere in soil priming. The results therefore indicate mutual positive feedbacks between litter decomposition and rhizosphere activity. Soil biological analysis (microbial and fungal biomass) of the organic layers indicated greatest activity below NGL collars, and we suppose that this increase indicates the mechanism of mutual positive feedback between rhizosphere activity and litter decomposition. However, elimination of fresh C input from both above- and belowground (GNL) also resulted in greater fungal abundance than for the NGNL treatment, indicating likely changes in fungal community structure (i.e. a shift from symbiotic to saprotrophic species abundance).", "keywords": ["570", "Soil ecology", "Microbial biomass", "Models", " Biological", "630", "Soil", "Biomass", "Picea", "Forest girdling; Microbial biomass; Soil CO; 2; efflux; Soil organic matter; Stable C isotopes;", "Ecosystem", "Soil Microbiology", "Soil CO2 efflux", "Feedback", " Physiological", "Soil organic matter", "Carbon Isotopes", "Fungi", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "Microbial growth", "Stable C isotopes", "Plant Leaves", "13. Climate action", "Soils", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Forest girdling", "Seasons"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-004-1540-4"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Oecologia", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00442-004-1540-4", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00442-004-1540-4", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00442-004-1540-4"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s004420050375", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:14:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2002-08-25", "title": "Response Of Soil Biota To Elevated Atmospheric Co 2 In Poplar Model Systems", "description": "We tested the hypotheses that increased belowground allocation of carbon by hybrid poplar saplings grown under elevated atmospheric CO2 would increase mass or turnover of soil biota in bulk but not in rhizosphere soil. Hybrid poplar saplings (Populus\u00d7euramericana cv. Eugenei) were grown for 5 months in open-bottom root boxes at the University of Michigan Biological Station in northern, lower Michigan. The experimental design was a randomized-block design with factorial combinations of high or low soil N and ambient (34 Pa) or elevated (69 Pa) CO2 in five blocks. Rhizosphere microbial biomass carbon was 1.7 times greater in high-than in low-N soil, and did not respond to elevated CO2. The density of protozoa did not respond to soil N but increased marginally (P\u2009<\u20090.06) under elevated CO2. Only in high-N soil did arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and microarthropods respond to CO2. In high-N soil, arbuscular mycorrhizal root mass was twice as great, and extramatrical hyphae were 11% longer in elevated than in ambient CO2 treatments. Microarthropod density and activity were determined in situ using minirhizotrons. Microarthropod density did not change in response to elevated CO2, but in high-N soil, microarthropods were more strongly associated with fine roots under elevated than ambient treatments. Overall, in contrast to the hypotheses, the strongest response to elevated atmospheric CO2 was in the rhizosphere where (1) unchanged microbial biomass and greater numbers of protozoa (P\u2009<\u20090.06) suggested faster bacterial turnover, (2) arbuscular mycorrhizal root length increased, and (3) the number of microarthropods observed on fine roots rose.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Arbuscular Mycorrhizas", "Microarthropods", "Science", "Ecology and Evolutionary Biology", "Natural Resources and Environment", "Molecular", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Roots", "01 natural sciences", "Microbial Biomass", "Legacy", "Health Sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Key Words Atmospheric CO2", "Cellular and Developmental Biology"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Treonis, Amy, Lussenhop, John, Teeri, James A., Curtis, Peter S., Vogel, Christoph S.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s004420050375"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Oecologia", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s004420050375", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s004420050375", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s004420050375"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1998-01-09T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10021-004-0259-8", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:14:40Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-07-11", "title": "The Influence Of Nutrient Availability On Soil Organic Matter Turnover Estimated By Incubations And Radiocarbon Modeling", "description": "We investigated the decomposability of soil organic matter (SOM) along a chronosequence of rainforest sites in Hawaii that form a natural fertility gradient and at two long-term fertilization experiments. To estimate turnover times and pool sizes of organic matter, we used two independent methods: (1) long-term incubations and (2) a three-box soil model constrained by radiocarbon measurements. Turnover times of slow-pool SOM (the intermediate pool between active and passive pools) calculated from incubations ranged from 6 to 20 y in the O horizon and were roughly half as fast in the A horizon. The radiocarbon-based model yielded a similar pattern but slower turnover times. The calculation of the 14C turnover times is sensitive to the lag time between photosynthesis and incorporation of organic C into SOM in a given horizon. By either method, turnover times at the different sites varied two- or threefold in soils with the same climate and vegetation community. Turnover times were fastest at the sites of highest soil fertility and were correlated with litter decay rates and primary productivity. However, experimental fertilization at the two least-fertile sites had only a small and inconsistent effect on turnover, with N slowing turnover and P slightly speeding it at one site. These results support studies of litter decomposition in suggesting that while plant productivity can respond rapidly to nutrient additions, decomposition may respond much more slowly to added nutrients.", "keywords": ["tropical forest", "decomposition", "Ecology", "microbial biomass", "carbon", "C-14", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Biological Sciences", "15. Life on land", "nitrogen", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "phosphorus", "Zoology", "Environmental Sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt9186j2fw/qt9186j2fw.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-004-0259-8"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecosystems", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10021-004-0259-8", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10021-004-0259-8", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10021-004-0259-8"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10021-021-00648-2", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:14:42Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-05-07", "title": "Temperature Increases Soil Respiration Across Ecosystem Types and Soil Development, But Soil Properties Determine the Magnitude of This Effect", "description": "Abstract<p>Soil carbon losses to the atmosphere, via soil heterotrophic respiration, are expected to increase in response to global warming, resulting in a positive carbon-climate feedback. Despite the well-known suite of abiotic and biotic factors controlling soil respiration, much less is known about how the magnitude of soil respiration responses to temperature changes over soil development and across contrasting soil properties. Here, we investigated the role of soil development stage and soil properties in driving the responses of soil heterotrophic respiration to increasing temperatures. We incubated soils from eight chronosequences ranging in soil age from hundreds to million years, and encompassing a wide range of vegetation types, climatic conditions, and chronosequences origins, at three assay temperatures (5, 15 and 25\uffc2\uffb0C). We found a consistent positive effect of assay temperature on soil respiration rates across the eight chronosequences evaluated. However, soil properties such as organic carbon concentration, texture, pH, phosphorus content, and microbial biomass determined the magnitude of temperature effects on soil respiration. Finally, we observed a positive effect of soil development stage on soil respiration that did not alter the magnitude of assay temperature effects. Our work reveals that key soil properties alter the magnitude of the positive effect of temperature on soil respiration found across ecosystem types and soil development stages. This information is essential to better understand the magnitude of the carbon-climate feedback, and thus to establish accurate greenhouse gas emission targets.</p", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Climate warming", "Land carbon-climate feedback", "13. Climate action", "Soil texture", "XXXXXX - Unknown", "Microbial biomass", "Nutrient availability", "Soil chronosequences", "Ecolog\u00eda", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10021-021-00648-2.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-021-00648-2"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecosystems", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10021-021-00648-2", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10021-021-00648-2", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10021-021-00648-2"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-10-07T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10705-010-9377-1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:14:55Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-06-03", "title": "Quality Of Soil Organic Matter And C Storage As Influenced By Cropping Systems In Northwestern Alberta, Canada", "description": "Crop rotations and reduction in tillage are commonly recommended for sustained crop production and enhancing soil quality. Our objective was to evaluate the long-term effects of cropping systems (1968\u20131992) on soil structure, carbon storage and the quality of soil organic matter. The study was conducted on a silt clay loam soil (Typic Cryoboralf) near Beaverlodge, Alberta, The cropping systems were: (a) continuous barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) (CB); (b) continuous bromegrass (Bromus inermiss Leyess.) (CG); (c) continuous forage legume (Medicago                         sativa L. until 1977, and Trifolium pratense L. since 1978) (CL); and (d) 3\u00a0years of bromegrass-legume forage alternating with 3\u00a0years of barley (RF). Our data showed that the CG and CL treatments had more stable aggregates with greater mean weight diameter (MWD) than soil under continuous barley. Organic C, total N and the light fraction in soil under CG and CL were higher than those of the other two treatments. Soil under CG had the highest and CB the lowest amounts of acid-hydrolyzable monosacchrides (comprising glucose, arabinose, xylose, mannose and galactose). Higher galactose\u00a0+\u00a0mannose concentration in soil under CG indicated a higher soil microbiological activity. Microbial biomass C and N followed the trend among treatments in whole and light fraction organic matter, and total extracted sugars. Soil organic matter 13C-NMR spectroscopy showed that: (i) soil under CB contained the highest amounts of aromatic and the lowest content of aliphatic-C, (ii) soil under CL had the lowest phenolic-C and the least aromaticity, and (iii) soil under CG and RF had the highest amounts of aliphatic-C which includes labile substances such as amino acids and carbohydrates, indicating an improvement in the quality of organic matter. It is concluded that perennial forage crops can improve soil structure and soil organic matter quality and quantity as compared with cereal monoculture.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Aggregation", "13C-NMR spectroscopy", "Carbon storage", "Carbohydrates", "Microbial biomass", "Light fraction organic matter", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Arshad, M. A., Soon, Y. K., Ripmeester, J. A,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10705-010-9377-1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Nutrient%20Cycling%20in%20Agroecosystems", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10705-010-9377-1", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10705-010-9377-1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10705-010-9377-1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-06-04T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10533-012-9808-y", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:14:51Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-10-31", "title": "Earthworms, Litter And Soil Carbon In A Northern Hardwood Forest", "description": "The important role of soil carbon (C) in the global C cycle has stimulated interest in better understanding the mechanisms regulating soil C storage and its stabilization. Exotic earthworm invasion of northern forest soils in North America can affect soil C pools, and we examined their effects on these mechanisms by adding 13C labeled leaf litter to adjacent northern hardwood forests with and without earthworms. Two types of labeled litter were produced, one with the 13C more concentrated in structural (S) components and the other in non-structural (NS) components, to evaluate the role of biochemical differences in soil C stabilization. Earthworm invasions have reduced soil C storage in the upper 20\u00a0cm of the soil profile by 37\u00a0%, mostly by eliminating surface organic horizons. Despite rapid mixing of litter into mineral soil and its incorporation into aggregates, mineral soil C has not increased in the presence of earthworms. Incorporation of litter C into soil and microbial biomass was not affected by biochemical differences between S versus NS labeled litter although NS litter C was assimilated more readily into earthworm biomass and S litter C into fungal hyphae. Apparently, the net effect of earthworm mixing of litter and forest floor C into mineral soil, plus stabilization of that C in aggregates, is counterbalanced by earthworm bioturbation and possible priming effects. Our results support recent arguments that biochemical recalcitrance is not a major contributor to the stabilization of soil C.", "keywords": ["IMPACTS", "Decomposition", "STABILIZATION", "Multidisciplinary", "biomass", "MICROBIAL BIOMASS", "INVASION", "Microbial biomass", "TEMPERATE", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "SEQUESTRATION", "15. Life on land", "Fungal hyphae", "Aggregation", "Microbial", "Sugar maple", "FORESTS", "DISSOLVED ORGANIC-MATTER", "PATTERNS", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "USA", "Environmental Sciences", "Geosciences", "Isotope labeling", "CENTRAL NEW-YORK"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-012-9808-y"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biogeochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10533-012-9808-y", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10533-012-9808-y", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10533-012-9808-y"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10646-013-1139-9", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:14:52Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-10-11", "title": "Soil Biological Attributes In Arsenic-Contaminated Gold Mining Sites After Revegetation", "description": "Recovery of arsenic contaminated areas is a challenge society faces throughout the world. Revegetation associated with microbial activity can play an essential role in this process. This work investigated biological attributes in a gold mining area with different arsenic contents at different sites under two types of extant revegetation associated with cover layers of the soil: BS, Brachiaria sp. and Stizolobium sp., and LEGS, Acacia crassicarpa, A. holosericea, A. mangium, Sesbania virgata, Albizia lebbeck and Pseudosamanea guachapele. References were also evaluated, comprising the following three sites: B1, weathered sulfide substrate without revegetation; BM, barren material after gold extraction and PRNH (private reserve of natural heritage), an uncontaminated forest site near the mining area. The organic and microbial biomass carbon contents and substrate-induced respiration rates for these sites from highest to lowest were: PRNH > LEGS > BS > B1 and BM. These attributes were negatively correlated with soluble and total arsenic concentration in the soil. The sites that have undergone revegetation (LEGS and BS) had higher densities of bacteria, fungi, phosphate solubilizers and ammonium oxidizers than the sites without vegetation. Principal component analysis showed that the LEGS site grouped with PRNH, indicating that the use of leguminous species associated with an uncontaminated soil cover layer contributed to the improvement of the biological attributes. With the exception of acid phosphatase, all the biological attributes were indicators of soil recovery, particularly the following: microbial carbon, substrate-induced respiration, density of culturable bacteria, fungi and actinobacteria, phosphate solubilizers and metabolic quotient.", "keywords": ["Arsenic - Contamination", "Microbial biomass", "Quociente microbial", "01 natural sciences", "Mining", "Arsenic", "Photometry", "Respira\u00e7\u00e3o induzida por substrato", "Soil", "Substrate-induced respiration", "Soil Pollutants", "Biomass", "Microbial quotient", "Soil Microbiology", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "Ars\u00eanico - Contamina\u00e7\u00e3o", "Spectrophotometry", " Atomic", "Biomassa microbiana", "Phosphate solubilizers", "Solubilizantes de fosfato", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Biodegradation", " Environmental", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Brazil", "Environmental Monitoring"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-013-1139-9"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecotoxicology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10646-013-1139-9", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10646-013-1139-9", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10646-013-1139-9"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-10-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-004-2267-z", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:14:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-05-31", "title": "Liming And Nitrogen Fertilization Affects Phosphatase Activities, Microbial Biomass And Mycorrhizal Colonisation In Upland Grassland", "description": "We have studied the effects of factorial combinations of lime and N additions on soil microbial biomass, respiration rates and phosphatase activity of an upland grassland. We also used an Agrostis capillaris seedling bioassay to assess the effect of the treatments on the activity of arbuscular-mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and root surface phosphatase enzymes and the concentrations of N and P in the bioassay plant shoots. In the F and H horizons, soil microbial biomass carbon (Cmic) decreased in response to the liming, while addition of lime and N together reduced basal respiration rates. In the Ah horizon, Cmic was unaffected by the treatments but basal respiration rates decreased in the plots receiving nitrogen. Soil phosphatase activity decreased only in the Ah horizon in plots receiving lime, either in combination with N or alone. The mass of root fwt. colonized by AM fungi increased in response to the treatments in the order nitrogen<lime<N plus lime. In contrast, root surface phosphatase activity decreased only in response to additions of nitrogen. A positive linear relationship was observed between root surface phosphatase activity and the P concentration of the plant shoots (R2=28.7%, P=0.004). The results demonstrate the sensitivity of both free-living heterotrophic microorganisms and symbiotic mycorrhizal fungi to short-term (2 years) applications of lime and N to long-term upland grassland, particularly in relation to the key P cycling activities undertaken by these organisms.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "570", "microbial biomass", "arbuscular-mycorrhiza", "improved grassland", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "640", "01 natural sciences", "phosphatase", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-004-2267-z"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-004-2267-z", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-004-2267-z", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-004-2267-z"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-008-9614-4", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:02Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-04-29", "title": "Assessment Of Soil Nitrogen And Phosphorous Availability Under Elevated Co2 And N-Fertilization In A Short Rotation Poplar Plantation", "description": "Photosynthetic stimulation by elevated [CO2] is largely regulated by nitrogen and phosphorus availability in the soil. During a 6 year Free Air CO2 Enrichment (FACE) experiment with poplar trees in two short rotations, inorganic forms of soil nitrogen, extractable phosphorus, microbial and total nitrogen were assessed. Moreover, in situ and potential nitrogen mineralization, as well as enzymatic activities, were determined as measures of nutrient cycling. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of elevated [CO2] and fertilization on: (1) N mineralization and immobilization processes; (2) soil nutrient availability; and (3) soil enzyme activity, as an indication of microbial and plant nutrient acquisition activity. Independent of any treatment, total soil N increased by 23% in the plantation after 6 years due to afforestation. Nitrification was the main process influencing inorganic N availability in soil, while ammonification being null or even negative. Ammonium was mostly affected by microbial immobilization and positively related to total N and microbial biomass N. Elevated [CO2] negatively influenced nitrification under unfertilised treatment by 44% and consequently nitrate availability by 30% on average. Microbial N immobilization was stimulated by [CO2] enrichment and probably enhanced the transformation of large amounts of N into organic forms less accessible to plants. The significant enhancement of enzyme activities under elevated [CO2] reflected an increase in nutrient acquisition activity in the soil, as well as an increase of fungal population. Nitrogen fertilization did not influence N availability and cycling, but acted as a negative feed-back on phosphorus availability under elevated CO2.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "atmospheric co2", "enrichment face", "microbial biomass-c", "use efficiency", "ponderosa pine", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "carbon-dioxide", "01 natural sciences", "forest", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "increases", "organic-matter", "arylsulfatase activity", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-008-9614-4"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-008-9614-4", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-008-9614-4", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-008-9614-4"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-04-30T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s13593-011-0079-0", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-01-10", "title": "Fifteen Years Of No Till Increase Soil Organic Matter, Microbial Biomass And Arthropod Diversity In Cover Crop-Based Arable Cropping Systems", "description": "The physical, chemical and biological properties of soil may be modified by tillage, fertilization and cover crops. However there is little knowledge on long-term effects on soil properties, notably under Mediterranean climate. Moreover, biological indicators such as micro-arthropods can be used for a cost-effective analysis of soil biodiversity. Here, we studied physical and biological properties of a sandy loam soil in central Italy under a 4-year rotation of maize\u2013durum wheat\u2013cover crop\u2013sunflower\u2013durum wheat\u2013cover crop during 15\u00a0years. We analysed the effects of two tillage systems, conventional tillage (CT) and no-tillage (NT); two N fertilization rates, without N and medium N level; and three soil covers: cash crop residue as control, Brassica juncea and Vicia villosa. Results show that no tillage increased soil organic matter content in the upper 10-cm layer (3.31%) compared to the conventional tillage (2.19%). No tillage also improved structure stability and lowered bulk density in the same soil profile. No-tillage systems showed higher soil microbial biomass (+71%) and respiration (+44%), and a higher abundance and diversity of micro-arthropods. We conclude that no tillage is an effective measure to improve the physical and biological quality of soil in Mediterranean conditions. No-tillage positive effect can be enhanced by the right choice of N fertilization and cover crop cultivation. Bio-indicators such as micro-arthropods can be very predictive of soil habitability by organisms.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "[SDV.SA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences", "[SDV.EE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", " environment", "13. Climate action", "Aggregate stability", " Micro-arthropod diversity", " Microbial biomass carbon", " Soil biological quality", " Soil organic matter", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.iris.sssup.it/bitstream/11382/338182/2/Sapkota%20et%20al.%20%282012%29_ASDE.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13593-011-0079-0"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agronomy%20for%20Sustainable%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s13593-011-0079-0", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s13593-011-0079-0", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s13593-011-0079-0"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-01-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s13595-016-0540-y", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-02-08", "title": "The Effects Of Forest Type On Soil Microbial Activity In Changbai Mountain, Northeast China", "description": "AbstractKey messageForty years after clear-cutting mixed old-growth forest (broadleaf/Korean pine) in the Changbai Mountain area (Northeast China), a mixed forest with natural broadleaf regeneration and larch plantation displayed larger microbial biomass and activity in the soil than either a naturally regenerated birch forest or a monospecific spruce plantation.ContextClear-cutting with limited restoration effort was until the end of the twentieth century the norm for managing primary forests in Northeast China. Forest restoration plays an important role in the recovery of soil quality after clear-cutting, but the effects of different regeneration procedures on forest soil quality remain poorly known in Northeast China.AimsWe assessed the effects of three regeneration procedures, i.e., (i) naturally regenerated birch forest, (ii) spruce plantation, and (iii) naturally regenerated broadleaf species interspersed with planted larch on soil quality and microbial activity in the Changbai Mountain area. An old-growth mixed broadleaf/Korean pine forest was used as a reference.MethodsPhysical and chemical properties and microbial biomass were recorded in the soil. Basal respiration and carbon mineralization were measured with a closed-jar alkali-absorption method.ResultsMicrobial biomass was smaller in the birch forest and spruce plantation than in the old-growth and the mixed broadleaf/larch forests. Moreover, microbial biomass, microbial quotient, and potentially mineralizable carbon were larger in the mixed broadleaf/larch than in the birch forest, while no difference was found between spruce plantation and birch forest for microbial biomass and microbial quotient. Basal respiration and metabolic quotient were larger in the birch forest as compared to the three other forest types, indicating a larger energy need for maintenance of the microbial community and lower microbial activity in the naturally regenerated birch forest.ConclusionMixed broadleaf/larch forest displayed a larger microbial biomass and higher substrate use efficiency of the soil microbial community than either naturally regenerated birch forest or spruce plantation. The combined natural and artificial regeneration procedure (mixed broadleaf-larch forest) seems better suited to restore soil quality after clear-cutting in the Changbai Mountain.", "keywords": ["[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]", "Changbai Mountain", "Forest restoration", "Carbon mineralization", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Microbial biomass carbon", "15. Life on land", "Soil quality"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Li Zhou, Dapao Yu, Xiang-Min Fang, Xiang-Min Fang, Wangming Zhou, Limin Dai,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-016-0540-y"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Annals%20of%20Forest%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s13595-016-0540-y", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s13595-016-0540-y", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s13595-016-0540-y"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-02-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s13595-014-0444-7", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-12-19", "title": "Changes In Soil Phosphorus Fractions After 9 Years Of Continuous Nitrogen Addition In A Larix Gmelinii Plantation", "description": "The key message N addition decreased soil inorganic P availability, microbial biomass P, and acid phosphatase activity in the larch plantation. Soil inorganic P availability decreased after N addition due to the changes in both microbial properties and plant uptake.\u2022 Context Soil phosphorus (P) availability is considered an important factor in influencing the biomass production of plants. Sustained inputs of nitrogen (N) through atmospheric deposition or N fertilizers, particularly in temperate forests, may change the composition and availability of P and thus affect long-term forest productivity.\u2022 Aims The objective of this study was to assess soil P availability, P fractions, and microbial properties including microbial biomass P and acid phosphatase activity after 9 consecutive years of N addition in a larch (Larix gmelinii) plantation, northeastern China.\u2022 Methods From 2003 to 2011, NH4NO3 was added to replicate plots (three 20\u00a0m\u2009\u00d7\u200930\u00a0m plots) in the larch plantation each year at a rate of 100\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0year\u22121. Soil samples from 0\u201310-cm and 10\u201320-cm depths were collected in N addition plots and control (no N addition) plots.\u2022 Results N addition significantly decreased soil NaHCO3-Pi (Pi is inorganic P), microbial biomass P, and acid phosphatase activity but increased the NaOH-Pi concentration. N addition appeared to induce a decrease in soil inorganic P availability by changing pH and P uptake by trees. In addition, N addition significantly decreased the NaOH-Po (Po is organic P) concentration, possibly because of increased P mineralization. However, the total P and other P fractions were unaffected by N fertilization.\u2022 Conclusion Our results suggested that N addition enhanced P uptake by trees, whereas it reduced soil inorganic P availability as well as microbial biomass and activity related to soil P cycling in the larch plantation.", "keywords": ["[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]", "2. Zero hunger", "Microbial biomass P", "Larch plantation", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy", "Phosphorus availability", "Phosphatase activity"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-014-0444-7"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Annals%20of%20Forest%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s13595-014-0444-7", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s13595-014-0444-7", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s13595-014-0444-7"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-12-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2009.02.017", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:40Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-04-02", "title": "Comparison Of Soil Quality And Nutrient Budgets Between Organic And Conventional Kiwifruit Orchards", "description": "Three long-term (>10 years) systems of kiwifruit production were compared at 36 sites with respect to simple input/output nutrient budgets, extractable soil nutrient levels, soil organic matter status, the size and activity of the soil microbial biomass, earthworm numbers and key soil physical properties. These systems were (i) conventional production of the green-fleshed variety \u2018Hayward\u2019 (Green), (ii) organic production of \u2018Hayward\u2019 (Organic) and (iii) conventional production of the yellow/gold-fleshed variety \u2018Hort 16A\u2019 (Gold). Crop yields and nutrient removals were least for Organic and greatest for Gold, with Green being intermediate. The major nutrients removed in the harvested crop were K and N. Simple input/output nutrient budgets showed that inputs greatly exceeded removals in the harvested crop for all nutrients considered (i.e. N, P, S, K, Mg, Ca) in all three systems, suggesting nutrient inputs could be reduced. Soil organic C and total N content were greater under Organic and Gold than Green whilst extractable P was least under Organic. Soluble C, basal respiration and metabolic quotient were unaffected by production system whilst microbial biomass C and N were greatest under Organic. Within systems, organic C, total N, microbial biomass C and N and mineralisable N were greater between plant rows than below the vine canopies whilst the reverse was the case for metabolic quotient and extractable P. Soil bulk density was least and water content at field capacity and earthworm numbers were greatest under the organic systems. It was concluded that long-term soil fertility can be maintained adequately under organic management and added benefits are increased organic matter content, a larger microbial biomass and improved soil physical condition. Although Organic orchards generally produce less fruit than their Green counterparts, mainly because of fertiliser differences and the absence of synthetic growth regulators, comparatively good returns and surpluses can still be achieved.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "550", "070302 Agronomy", "Microbial biomass", "820205 Kiwifruit", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Nutrient budgets", "630", "C1", "Earthworms", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Kiwifruit", "Soil test values", "Organic production"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2009.02.017"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2009.02.017", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2009.02.017", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2009.02.017"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2010.10.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:42Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-10-29", "title": "Soil Properties, Crop Production And Greenhouse Gas Emissions From Organic And Inorganic Fertilizer-Based Arable Cropping Systems", "description": "Organic and conventional farming practices differ in the use of several management strategies, including use of catch crops, green manure, and fertilization, which may influence soil properties, greenhouse gas emissions and productivity of agroecosystems. An 11-yr-old field experiment on a sandy loam soil in Denmark was used to compare several crop rotations with respect to a range of physical, chemical and biological characteristics related to carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) flows. Four organic rotations and an inorganic fertilizer-based system were selected to evaluate effects of fertilizer type, catch crops, of grass-clover used as green manure, and of animal manure application. Soil was sampled from winter wheat and spring barley plots on 19 September 2007, 14 April 2008 and 22 September 2008, i.e. before, during, and after the growth season. The soils were analyzed for multiple attributes: total soil organic carbon (SOC), total N, microbial biomass N (MBN), potentially mineralizable N (PMN), and levels of potential ammonium oxidation (PAO) and denitrifying enzyme activity (DEA). In situ measurements of soil heterotrophic carbon dioxide (CO2) respiration and nitrous oxide emissions were conducted in plots with winter wheat. In April 2008, prior to field operations, intact soil cores were collected at two depths (0\u20135 and 5\u201310 cm) in plots under winter wheat. Water retention characteristics of each core were determined and used to calculate relative gas diffusivity (DP/Do). Finally, crop growth was monitored and grain yields measured at harvest maturity. The different management strategies between 1997 and 2007 led to soil carbon inputs that were on average 18\u201368% and 32\u201391% higher in the organic than inorganic fertilizer-based rotations for the sampled winter wheat and spring barley crops, respectively. Nevertheless, SOC levels in 2008 were similar across systems. The cumulative soil respiration for the period February to August 2008 ranged between 2 and 3 t CO2\u2013C ha\u22121 and was correlated (r = 0.95) with average C inputs. In the organic cropping systems, pig slurry application and inclusion of catch crops generally increased soil respiration, PMN and PAO. At field capacity, relative gas diffusivity at 0\u20135 cm depth was >50% higher in the organic than the inorganic fertilizer-based system (P < 0.05). Crop yields in 2008 were generally lower in the low-input organic rotations than in the high-input inorganic fertilizer-based system; only spring barley in rotations with pig slurry application and incorporation of a catch crop prior to sowing obtained grain yields similar to levels achieved in the system where inorganic fertilizer was applied. These results suggest that within organic cropping systems, both microbial activity and crop yields could be enhanced through inclusion of catch crops. However, the timing of catch crop incorporation is critical.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "microbial biomass", "Nutrient turnover", "inorganic fertilizer", "15. Life on land", "potential ammonium oxidation", "Air and water emissions", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "denitrifier enzyme activity", "Soil biology", "/dk/atira/pure/core/keywords/Life", "13. Climate action", "potential mineralizable nitrogen", "catch drop", "gas diffusivity", "11. Sustainability", "Former LIFE faculty"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2010.10.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2010.10.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2010.10.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2010.10.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2010.12.011", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:43Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-12-31", "title": "Impact On Soil Quality Of A 10-Year-Old Short-Rotation Coppice Poplar Stand Compared With Intensive Agricultural And Uncultivated Systems In A Mediterranean Area", "description": "Bioenergy crops play an ecologically and economically fundamental role as an alternative to agri-food productions and as renewable energy sources. Little attention has been focused on soil quality following conversion of agricultural lands to biomass crops. Here, we assessed the impact of a 10-year-old short-rotation coppice (SRC) poplar stand on the main soil chemical parameters, microbial biomass carbon, soil respiration, and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), compared with intensive agricultural and uncultivated systems. Three different harvest frequencies of poplar SRC (annual T1, biannual T2 and triennial T3 cutting cycles) were evaluated. Multivariate analysis showed that poplar SRC improved soil quality compared with intensive agricultural and uncultivated systems. T1 and T2 positively affected AMF inoculum potential and root colonisation of a co-occurring plant species, while T3 improved the majority of soil chemical and biochemical parameters. Moreover, three different AMF morphospecies belonging to the genera Glomus and Scutellospora were found in poplar SRC, while morphospecies belonging exclusively to genera Glomus were recorded in intensive agricultural and uncultivated systems. Such aspects have agro-ecological implications, since the positive changes of soil nutrient availability and carbon content together with a high abundance and diversity of soil biota show clear soil sustainability of poplar SRC.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Short-rotation forestry; Cutting cycle; Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi; Microbial biomass carbon; Soil respiration; Multivariate analysis", "7. Clean energy"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2010.12.011"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2010.12.011", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2010.12.011", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2010.12.011"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2011.06.015", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:44Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-07-29", "title": "Short Term Effects Of Bioenergy By-Products On Soil C And N Dynamics, Nutrient Availability And Biochemical Properties", "description": "Abstract   The shift towards a biobased economy will probably trigger the application of bioenergy by-products to the soil as either amendments or fertilizers. However, limited research has been done to determine how this will influence C and N dynamics and soil functioning. The aim of this work was to investigate the effects of different bioenergy by-products on C and N mineralisation, nutrient availability and microbial content and activity of amended soil and compare them to other more commonly used organic amendments.  Two agricultural soils were amended (0.5% w/w) with four different bioenergy by-products (anaerobic digestate, rapeseed meal, bioethanol residue, biochar) and three other commonly used organic amendments (sewage sludge and two composts) and incubated at 20\u00a0\u00b0C in the laboratory for 30 days. During incubation, soil CO2 and N2O evolution were measured every 4\u00a0h by an automatic chromatographic system. After 2, 7 and 30 days of incubation, soil samples were analysed for K2SO4\u2013extractable C, N, NO3\u2212, NH4+ and P, microbial biomass C and three enzymatic activities (\u03b2-glucosidase, alkaline phosphatase and leucine aminopeptidase). Soil amendment led to a general increase in soil respiration, available N and P and microbial content and activity, but with remarkably different dynamics and values. Particularly, rapeseed meal and the bioethanol by-product led to N2O emissions and the greatest increases in soil respiration, N availability and enzymatic activity compared with the other amendments. The exception was represented by biochar that did not cause any significant variation with respect to the control, but promoted C accumulation. According to their impact on soil biochemical properties, the materials can be ranked as follows: rapeseed meal, bioethanol residue\u00a0>\u00a0anaerobic digestate, sewage sludge\u00a0>\u00a0composts\u00a0>\u00a0biochar. For each measured parameter, soil properties did not affect the response pattern found for the different treatments, but modified the magnitude of the response. In particular, soil respiration and enzymatic activity were higher in the slightly acidic soil, while greater values of available P were found in the alkaline soil.  This study clearly indicates that the impact on GHG emissions and soil functioning of bioenergy by-products needs to be taken into account for a correct life cycle assessment of the bioenergy chain. Moreover, when properly managed, they may represent an effective alternative to usual amendments to improve the quality and nutrient balance of amended soils.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "crop residues", "decomposition", "microbial biomass", "carbon", "enzyme-activities", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "composts", "7. Clean energy", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "organic amendments", "13. Climate action", "nitrous-oxide emission", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "mineralization", "management"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Galvez, A., Sinicco, T., Cayuela, M.L, Mingorance, M.D., Fornasier, F., Mondini, C.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2011.06.015"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2011.06.015", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2011.06.015", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2011.06.015"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agrformet.2015.03.013", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:55Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-04-09", "title": "Effects Of Experimental Warming And Nitrogen Addition On Soil Respiration And Ch4 Fluxes From Crop Rotations Of Winter Wheat-Soybean/Fallow", "description": "Soil respiration and CH4 emissions play a significant role in the global carbon balance. However, in situ studies in agricultural soils on responses of soil respiration and CH4 fluxes to climate warming are still sparse, especially from long-term studies with year-round heating. A warming experiment was conducted at Luancheng research station in the North China Plain from 2008 to 2013. Two levels of temperature (T: increase on average 1.5 degrees C at 5 cm soil depth by infrared heaters, C: ambient temperature) were combined with two levels of nitrogen (N) treatments (N1: with 315 kg N ha(-1) y(-1), NO: no nitrogen input) in the farmland.Soil was found to be a sink for CH4 with no marked seasonal variations. In the wheat-growing season, warming and N input both decreased cumulative CH4 uptake, probably because warming-induced soil drying in N1 treatment reduced (or limited) methanotroph activity by affecting soil NH4 concentration. Across years, CH4 emissions were negatively correlated with soil temperature in Ni treatment. Soil respiration showed clear seasonal fluctuations, with the largest emissions during summer and smallest in winter. Warming and nitrogen fertilization had no significant effects on total cumulative soil CO2 fluxes. Soil respiration was positively correlated with microbial biomass C, and microbial biomass C was not affected significantly by warming or nitrogen addition. The lack of significant effects of warming on soil respiration may have resulted from: (1) warming-induced soil drying offsetting the effects of soil temperature; or (2) adaption of soil respiration to increased temperature. (C) 2015 Published by Elsevier B.V.", "keywords": ["wheat-soybean-fallow", "2. Zero hunger", "Nitrogen fertilization", "CH4", "13. Climate action", "soil warming", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "soil respiration", "soil microbial biomass", "3. Good health"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2015.03.013"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agricultural%20and%20Forest%20Meteorology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agrformet.2015.03.013", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agrformet.2015.03.013", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agrformet.2015.03.013"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.10.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-12-13", "title": "Microbial Activity And Soil C Sequestration For Reduced And Conventional Tillage Cotton", "description": "Abstract   Crop management practices, such as tillage and diversified crop rotations, impact microbial activity, organic matter turnover, and ultimately soil C and N sequestration. The objectives of this study were to determine the impacts of tillage on soil microbial biomass, mineralized C and N, and soil organic C (SOC) and N (SON) contents for different cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cropping systems in a south-central Texas silt loam soil. Tillage influenced SOC and SON, but most effects were observed at 0\u20135\u00a0cm rather than 5\u201315\u00a0cm. Reduced tillage (RT) in a continuous cotton monoculture increased SOC by 24% and SON by 27% compared to conventional tillage (CT) at 0\u20135\u00a0cm, but tillage had no effect at 5\u201315\u00a0cm. Crop rotation increased soil C and N contents compared to continuous cotton, as a cotton-corn (Zea mays L.) rotation under CT increased SOC by 28% and SON by 26% at 0\u20135\u00a0cm compared to CT continuous cotton. Soil organic C and SON were both 18% greater for cotton-corn than continuous cotton at 5\u201315\u00a0cm. For the 0\u201315\u00a0cm depth interval, the CT cotton-corn rotation increased SOC by an average of 518\u00a0kg\u00a0C\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0year\u22121 and SON by 57\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0year\u22121 compared to CT continuous cotton. Cotton under RT sequestered 254\u00a0kg\u00a0C\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0year\u22121 and 33\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0year\u22121 more than cotton under CT. Reduced tillage increased soil microbial biomass C (MBC) by an average of 11 and 18% compared to CT continuous cotton and the cotton-corn rotation, respectively, while microbial biomass N (MBN) for RT was 62% greater than for CT. Tillage decreased mineralized C and N at both depth intervals, while cotton-corn showed higher mineralized C than continuous cotton. Soils for cropping systems that sequestered the most C and N also had the highest microbial biomass and mineralized C and N, indicating close relationships between microbial activity and soil C and N sequestration. Beneficial effects of RT and intensive cropping were enhanced soil C and N sequestration rates and potentially lower N fertilizer requirements for crops.", "keywords": ["Carbon sequestration", "2. Zero hunger", "Nitrogen sequestration", "Mineralized C", "Microbial biomass", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Cotton", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Mineralized N"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Everglades Research, Education Center, University of Florida E. Palm Beach Road, Belle Glade, FL 33430-4702, United States ( host institution ), Wright, Alan L. ( author ), Hons, Frank M. ( author ), Lemon, Robert G. ( author ), McFarland, Mark L. ( author ), Nichols, Robert L. ( author ),", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.10.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.10.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.10.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.10.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.12.012", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-02-11", "title": "Effects Of Living Mulches Or Residue Amendments On Soil Microbial Properties In Direct Seeded Cropping Systems Of Madagascar", "description": "Abstract   There is growing recognition for the need to study the impact of agricultural land uses on biological and biochemical properties of soils. In Madagascar, cropping systems based on direct seeding with permanent vegetation cover provide a new means for sustainable agriculture to protect the environment and make the most of natural resources. This study assessed the effects of different direct seeding mulch-based cropping systems on soil microbial biomass and activities. The soil was andic Dystrustept. Samples of the soil were taken from 0 to 5\u00a0cm soil layer of three direct seeding mulch-based cropping systems (DMC using crop residues and living mulches). The samples were compared with samples from conventionally tilled plots (CT) and natural fallows (NF). The field experiments were carried out over a 12-year-period and two types of amendment were applied once a year at sowing, farmyard manure (FYM) and farmyard manure combined with an NPK chemical fertilizer. The C and N content, microbial basal respiration and biomass and \u03b2-glucosidase, urease and acid phosphatase activities were determined. The results showed that there was no interaction between soil management strategies and the use of fertilizer. Furthermore, the fertilizer did not affect the soil C and N content or the acid phosphatase and urease activities. Farmyard manure with added NPK had a significantly greater effect than farmyard manure on its own, increasing the microbial biomass, soil respiration and \u03b2-glucosidase activity up to 26%, 52% and 20%, respectively but there was no significant difference between natural fallows and direct seeding mulch-based cropping systems. However, conventional tillage showed a significantly lower soil microbial biomass, C content, microbial respiration and urease activity than natural fallows. The results for direct seeding mulch-based systems varied according to the microbial activities measured. However, soil \u03b2-glucosidase and acid phosphatase activities were significantly higher for the direct seeding mulch-based systems using crop residues than for the direct seeding mulch-based systems using living mulches. Direct seeding mulch-based systems with Desmodium uncinatum living mulch had significantly lower microbial biomass and respiration than the other direct seeding mulch-based systems. There was less evidence of change in the soil between natural fallow and direct seeding mulch-based systems but a higher build-up of some microbial properties was obtained for direct seeding mulch-based systems soil than in conventionally tilled soils and natural fallow.", "keywords": ["crop residues", "Glycine max", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7170", "living mulch", "microbial activity", "Zea mays", "630", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_36167", "micro-organisme du sol", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_33553", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3301", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4510", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16118", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_35657", "F07 - Fa\u00e7ons culturales", "2. Zero hunger", "microbial biomass", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2604", "r\u00e9sidu de r\u00e9colte", "activit\u00e9 enzymatique", "P35 - Fertilit\u00e9 du sol", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_25803", "15. Life on land", "andic Dystrustept", "semis direct", "6. Clean water", "fertilit\u00e9 du sol", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8504", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "direct seeding", "respiration du sol", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "F04 - Fertilisation", "mati\u00e8re organique du sol"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.12.012"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.12.012", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.12.012", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.12.012"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.08.002", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-08-31", "title": "Effect Of Texture And Tree Species On Microbial Properties Of Mine Soils", "description": "Reestablishment of soil microbial communities is a prerequisite for successful reclamation of post-mining barrens. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of texture of soil substrate and the planted tree species on microbial properties of mine soils reclaimed for forestry. Soil samples were taken from loamy sands and sands afforested with Scots pine and silver birch either in monocultures or in the mixed stands. The samples were measured for the contents of organic C (Corg), total N (Nt) and pH. The examined microbial properties included basal respiration (RESP), microbial biomass (Cmic), Cmic-to-Corg ratio, activities of dehydrogenase, acid phosphomonoesterase and urease and community level physiological profiles (CLPPs) studied using Biolog\u00ae Ecoplates. The loamy sands had higher pH, contained more Corg, Nt and Cmic and exhibited higher basal respiration and enzyme activities than the sands. However, their Cmic-to-Corg ratio was lower indicating less availability of Corg for soil microbes compared with the sands. The CLPPs in the loamy sands differed from those in the sands although there was no difference in microbial diversity (expressed as Shannon's diversity index) and activity on the Biolog\u00ae plates between the two textural classes. Tree species did not affect Corg, Nt and Corg-to-Nt ratio and had only a weak effect on CLPPs. However, the values of Cmic, RESP, Cmic-to-Corg ratio, dehydrogenase and urease activities were significantly lower under pine compared with the birch and mixed stands. The obtained results suggest that the texture of soil substrate is of higher importance for microbial properties of the studied mine soils than the planted vegetation.", "keywords": ["tree species", "microbial biomass", "enzyme activities", "CLPP", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "mine soils", "soils texture"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.08.002"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.08.002", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.08.002", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.08.002"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.04.003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:07Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-05-08", "title": "Design Of Riparian Buffer Strips Affects Soil Quality Parameters", "description": "Abstract   Vegetated buffer strips alongside watercourses are commonly used to counteract diffuse pollution from agricultural activities. If properly designed, they can provide multiple environmental benefits by increasing wildlife habitats and biodiversity. Little attention has been paid to the effects of buffer strips on soil quality. This study was conducted to determine the impact of different buffer designs on soil biochemical parameters and to define relevant quality parameters for soil monitoring. We compared four buffer arrangements: 3\u00a0m wide grass buffer; 3\u00a0m grass with one tree row; 6\u00a0m grass with one tree row; 6\u00a0m grass with two tree rows; plus two controls: an adjacent maize crop field and a plot without buffer. Buffers were established 13 years ago at the Padua University Experimental Farm in the Po Valley, north-east Italy. Studied parameters included soil organic matter composition and soil microbial and enzymatic assays. As expected, control plots showed the lowest values for all the studied parameters. Among buffer designs, 3\u00a0m grass and 3\u00a0m grass with 1 tree row buffers gave the highest values. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that the increase of soil organic carbon content distinguished buffers from controls, whereas soil humic carbon quality parameters such as humic compounds apparent molecular weight, together with acetyl esterase (fluorescein test) enzyme activity, were discriminatory in separating buffer designs. These results are an important contribution to the knowledge base and can help to improve the management of these systems.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "soil organic matter; buffer strip; Microbial biomass; Humic substances", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.04.003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.04.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.04.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.04.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.catena.2016.02.013", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:19Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-02-27", "title": "Land Use Affects Soil Biochemical Properties In Mt. Kilimanjaro Region", "description": "\u00a9 2016 Elsevier B.V.Microbial parameters have been used to monitor changes in soil quality. Soils from four land use systems common in East Africa and present in the Mt. Kilimanjaro region: (1) montane forest, (2) savannah (3) maize fields and (4) Chagga homegardens were used in laboratory incubations to assess the effects of landuse changes on soil quality. Soil organic matter mineralization and the following microbial parameters: microbial biomass C, mineralization quotient, metabolic quotient and activities of four enzymes: \u03b2-glucosidase, cellobiohydrolase, phosphatase and chitinase were determined. Microbial biomass C content, \u03b2-glucosidase, cellobiohydrolase and chitinase activities were higher in natural systems compared to agricultural soils. High phosphatase activity observed in all land use types reflected strong phosphorus limitation in andic soils of the Mt. Kilimanjaro region. Chitinase activity in montane forest soils was 3 times higher than in Chagga homegardens. Mineralization quotient and cellobiohydrolase activity best exhibited the effect of land-use changes on soil quality in the Mt. Kilimanjaro region. Cellobiohydrolase activity was up to 3 times higher under natural ecosystems compared to agroecosystems. A high percentage of microbial biomass C content in total organic C and low metabolic quotient were observed in Chagga homegarden soils. Soil enzymes (especially cellobiohydrolase) best distinguished between natural and agricultural ecosystems, and are therefore useful for monitoring changes in soil quality. In conclusion, the measured microbial parameters clearly show that the microbial organisms in traditional Chagga homegardens system have high substrate use efficiency. This demonstrates that traditional agroforestry systems promotes soil fertility and are more suitable for agricultural production in the tropics compared to monocropping systems like maize plantations.", "keywords": ["Mineralization quotient", "2. Zero hunger", "Metabolic quotient", "Microbial biomass content", "13. Climate action", "Enzyme activity", "Agroforestry", "Chagga homegardens", "15. Life on land", "630"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2016.02.013"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/CATENA", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.catena.2016.02.013", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.catena.2016.02.013", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.catena.2016.02.013"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2008.09.011", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-10-15", "title": "Experimental Drought Reduced Acid And Alkaline Phosphatase Activity And Increased Organic Extractable P In Soil In A Quercus Ilex Mediterranean Forest", "description": "Open AccessPeer reviewed", "keywords": ["NUTRIENT CONTENT", "Quercusilex", "POSTFIRE REGENERATION", "Total soil-P", "Soil", "OAK FOREST", "Litter", "PINUS-HALEPENSIS", "ENZYME-ACTIVITIES", "2. Zero hunger", "Soil organic matter", "Drought", "NE SPAIN", "MICROBIAL BIOMASS", "Leaf P concentration", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "Quercus ilex", "PHOSPHORUS LIMITATION", "PLANT-GROWTH", "13. Climate action", "SHORT-TERM", "Alkaline phosphatase activity", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Acid phosphatase activity", "Soil moisture", "Short-term available-P", "Soilorganic matter"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2008.09.011"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Soil%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2008.09.011", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.ejsobi.2008.09.011", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2008.09.011"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.gecco.2016.03.009", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-04-08", "title": "High Quality Residues From Cover Crops Favor Changes In Microbial Community And Enhance C And N Sequestration", "description": "The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of a change in management on the soil microbial community and C sequestration. We conducted a 3-year field study in La Pampa (Argentina) with rotation of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) in zero tillage alternating with rye (Secale cereale) and vetch (Vicia villosa ssp. dasycarpa). Soil was sampled once a year at two depths. Soil organic matter fractions, dissolved organic matter, microbial biomass (MBC) and community composition (DNA extraction, qPCR, and phospholipid FAME profiles) were determined. Litter, aerial- and root biomass were collected and all material was analyzed for C and N. Results showed a rapid response of microbial biomass to a bacterial dominance independent of residue quality. Vetch had the highest diversity index, while the fertilized treatment had the lowest one. Vetch\u2013sorghum rotation with high N mineralization rates and diverse microbial community sequestered more C and N in stable soil organic matter fractions than no-till sorghum alone or with rye, which had lower N turnover rates. These results reaffirm the importance of enhanced soil biodiversity for maintaining soil ecosystem functioning and services. The supply of high amounts of N-rich residues as provided by grass\u2013legume cover crops could fulfill this objective.", "keywords": ["Cultivos de Cobertura", "2. Zero hunger", "Microbial diversity", "Ecology", "Plantas de Cobertura", "Nitr\u00f3geno", "Ecolog\u00eda Microbiana", "Nitrogen", "Microbial biomass C and N", "Carb\u00f3n", "Coil", "No-till", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "Microbial Ecology", "Fungal/bacteria ratio", "11. Sustainability", "Particulate C and N", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Mineral associated C and N", "QH540-549.5", "Cover Plants"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2016.03.009"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Ecology%20and%20Conservation", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.gecco.2016.03.009", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.gecco.2016.03.009", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.gecco.2016.03.009"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2013.06.025", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:02Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-07-31", "title": "Land Use And Management Effects On Soil Organic Matter Fractions In Rhodic Ferralsols And Haplic Arenosols In Bindura And Shamva Districts Of Zimbabwe", "description": "Abstract   Soil organic carbon (SOC) is a major attribute of soil quality that responds to land management activities which is also important in the regulation of global carbon (C) cycling. This study evaluated bulk soil C and nitrogen (N) contents and C and N dynamics in three soil organic matter (SOM) fractions separated by density. The study was based on three tillage systems on farmer managed experiments (conventional tillage (CT), ripping (RP), direct seeding (DS)) and adjacent natural forest (NF) in Haplic Arenosols (sandy) and Rhodic Ferralsols (clayey) of Zimbabwe. Carbon stocks were significantly larger in forests than tillage systems, being significantly lower in sandy soils (15 and 14\u00a0Mg\u00a0C\u00a0ha\u2212\u00a01) than clayey soils (23 and 21\u00a0Mg\u00a0C\u00a0ha\u2212\u00a01) at 0\u201310 and 10\u201330\u00a0cm respectively. Nitrogen content followed the same trend. At the 0\u201310\u00a0cm depth, SOC stocks increased under CT, RP and DS by 0.10, 0.24, 0.36\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha\u2212\u00a01\u00a0yr\u2212\u00a01 and 0.76, 0.54, 0.10\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha\u2212\u00a01\u00a0yr\u2212\u00a01 on sandy and clayey soils respectively over a four year period while N stocks decreased by 0.55, 0.40, 0.56\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha\u2212\u00a01 and 0.63, 0.65, 0.55\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha\u2212\u00a01 respectively. SOM fractions were dominated by mineral associated heavy fraction (MaHF) which accounted for 86\u201393% and 94\u201398% on sandy and clayey soils respectively. Tillage systems on sandy soils had the smallest average free light fraction (fLF) and occluded light fraction (oLF) C stocks (25.3\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.3 g m\u2212\u00a02 and 7.3\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.2\u00a0g\u00a0m\u2212\u00a02) at 0\u201330\u00a0cm when compared with corresponding NF (58.4\u00a0\u00b1\u00a04 g\u00a0m2 and 18.5\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.0\u00a0g\u00a0m\u2212\u00a02). Clayey soils, had the opposite, having all fLF C and N in tillage systems being higher (80.9\u00a0\u00b1\u00a012\u00a0g\u00a0C m\u2212\u00a02 and 2.7\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.4\u00a0g\u00a0N\u00a0m\u2212\u00a02) than NF (57.4\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02.0\u00a0g\u00a0C\u00a0m\u2212\u00a02 and 2.4\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.3\u00a0g\u00a0N\u00a0m\u2212\u00a02). Results suggest that oLF and MaHF C and N are better protected under DS and RP where they are less vulnerable to mineralisation while fLF contributes more in CT. Thus, DS and RP can be important in maintaining and improving soil quality although their practicability can be hampered by unsupportive institutional frameworks. Under prevailing climatic and management conditions, improvement of residue retention could be a major factor that can distinguish the potential of different management practices for C sequestration. The exploitation of the benefits of RP or DS and the corresponding sustainability of systems need support for surface cover retention which should also be extended to conventional tillage.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "pools", "microbial biomass", "assessment", "no-tillage", "dynamics", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "term changes", "carbon sequestration", "stabilization", "soil organic carbon", "conservation agriculture", "soil organic matter", "tillage", "impact", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "climate", "density fractions", "agriculture"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2013.06.025"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2013.06.025", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2013.06.025", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2013.06.025"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2013.08.003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:02Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-09-20", "title": "The Effects Of N And P Additions On Microbial N Transformations And Biomass On Saline-Alkaline Grassland Of Loess Plateau Of Northern China", "description": "AbstractMicrobial nutrient transformation plays an important role in regulating nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) cycling in terrestrial ecosystems. Soil N and P contents also control microbial nutrient transformations. However, there is still dispute on how N and P additions affect microbial activity and N transformations. A field experiment was conducted to examine the effects of N and P on microbial N transformations and biomass in saline-alkaline grassland in Loess Plateau of northern China during growing season in 2009. N was added at a rate of 10gNm\u22122 y\u22121 in the form of NH4NO3. P was added at a rate of 5g P m\u22122 y\u22121 in the form of P2O5\u2212. We measured the in situ net ammonification rate (Ramm), and nitrification rate (Rnit) once a month from May to October; we also measured potential soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC), nitrogen (MBN), and potential microbial respiration (MR) once a month in laboratory.ResultsDuring the whole growing seasons, P addition significantly stimulated soil inorganic N pool, soil extractable C, soil extractable N pool, Rmin, and the metabolic quotient (qCO2) from the estimates of microbial respiration and microbial biomass carbon, and there was no effect on peak aboveground biomass, MBC, MBN and MR during the whole growing seasons in 2009. N addition significantly increased peak aboveground biomass, inorganic N pool, Rmin, MBN, MR, and qCO2, decreased soil extractable C and the ratio of MBC/MBN, and there was no effect on soil extractable N and MBC during the growing season in 2009. P addition increased the soil net N mineralization rate and N addition not only increased the soil net N mineralization rate but also increased microbial biomass N. We observed that P induced a decreased soil inorganic N pool, but N addition directly increased soil inorganic N pool, how to balance the quantity of N and P additions in agriculture system is an important technique in agriculture harvest in the future in Loess Plateau of Northern China.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "4. Education", "Microbial biomass", "N mineralization", "Soil Science", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Nitrification", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Microbial respiration", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Saline\u2013alkaline soil", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Zhu Feng, Dong Kuanhu, Zhao Xiang, Wang Changhui,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2013.08.003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2013.08.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2013.08.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2013.08.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.jaridenv.2007.10.009", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:10Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-12-20", "title": "Biogeochemical And Ecological Impacts Of Livestock Grazing In Semi-Arid Southeastern Utah, Usa", "description": "Abstract   Relatively few studies have examined the ecological and biogeochemical effects of livestock grazing in southeastern Utah. In this study, we evaluated how grazing has affected soil organic carbon and nitrogen to a depth of 50\u00a0cm in grasslands located in relict and actively-grazed sites in the Canyonlands physiographic section of the Colorado Plateau. We also evaluated differences in plant ground cover and the spatial distribution of soil resources. Results show that areas used by domestic livestock have 20% less plant cover and 100% less soil organic carbon and nitrogen compared to relict sites browsed by native ungulates. In actively grazed sites, domestic livestock grazing also appears to lead to clustered, rather than random, spatial distribution of soil resources. Magnetic susceptibility, a proxy for soil stability in this region, suggests that grazing increases soil erosion leading to an increase in the area of nutrient-depleted bare ground. Overall, these results, combined with previous studies in the region, suggest that livestock grazing affects both plant cover and soil fertility with potential long-term implications for the sustainability of grazing operations in this semi-arid landscape.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "availability", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "desertification", "15. Life on land", "soil microbial biomass", "soil organic carbon", "shrub-steppe ecosystem", "magnetic ssceptibility", "vegetation", "13. Climate action", "Natural Resources and Conservation", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Environmental Sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2007.10.009"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Arid%20Environments", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.jaridenv.2007.10.009", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.jaridenv.2007.10.009", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2007.10.009"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.03.027", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:28Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-03-13", "title": "Tillage And Crop Residue Management Methods Had Minor Effects On The Stock And Stabilization Of Topsoil Carbon In A 30-Year Field Experiment", "description": "We studied the effects of tillage and straw management on soil aggregation and soil carbon sequestration in a 30-year split-plot experiment on clay soil in southern Finland. The experimental plots were under conventional or reduced tillage with straw retained, removed or burnt. Wet sieving was done to study organic carbon and soil composition divided in four fractions: 1) large macroaggregates, 2) small macroaggregates, 3) microaggregates and 4) silt and clay. To further estimate the stability of carbon in the soil, coarse particulate organic matter, microaggregates and silt and clay were isolated from the macroaggregates. Total carbon stock in the topsoil (equivalent to 200 kg m(-2)) was slightly lower under reduced tillage (5.0 kg m(-2)) than under conventional tillage (5.2 kg m(-2)). Reduced tillage changed the soil composition by increasing the percentage of macroaggregates and decreasing the percentage of microaggregates. There was no evidence of differences in the composition of the macroaggregates or carbon content in the macroaggregate-occluded fractions. However, due to the higher total amount of macroaggregates in the soil, more carbon was bound to the macroaggregate-occluded microaggregates in reduced tillage. Compared with plowed soil, the density of deep burrowing earthworms (Lumbricus terrestris) was considerably higher under reduced tillage and positively associated with the percentage of large macroaggregates. The total amount of microbial biomass carbon did not differ between the treatments. Straw management did not have discernible effects either on soil aggregation or soil carbon stock. We conclude that although reduced tillage can improve clay soil structure, generally the chances to increase topsoil carbon sequestration by reduced tillage or straw management practices appear limited in cereal monoculture systems of the boreal region. This may be related to the already high C content of soils, the precipitation level favoring decomposition and aggregate turnover in the winter with topsoil frost.", "keywords": ["lierot", "olki", "hiili", "01 natural sciences", "630", "soil aggregation", "kevennetty maanmuokkaus", "soil carbon", "particulate organic matter", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "maaper\u00e4", "stubble management", "reduced tillage", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "viljelymaa", "ta4111", "15. Life on land", "kasvinviljely", "13. Climate action", "microbial biomass carbon", "mikro-organismit", "maan rakenne", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Kasvintuotanto", "orgaaninen aines", "earthworm activity"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.03.027"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.03.027", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.03.027", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.03.027"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2006.08.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:54Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-09-27", "title": "Long-Term Impact Of Reduced Tillage And Residue Management On Soil Carbon Stabilization: Implications For Conservation Agriculture On Contrasting Soils", "description": "Residue retention and reduced tillage are both conservation agricultural management options that may enhance soil organic carbon (SOC) stabilization in tropical soils. Therefore, we evaluated the effects of long-term tillage and residue management on SOC dynamics in a Chromic Luvisol (red clay soil) and Areni-Gleyic Luvisol (sandy soil) in Zimbabwe. At the time of sampling the soils had been under conventional tillage (CT), mulch ripping (MR), clean ripping (CR) and tied ridging (TR) for 9 years. Soil was fully dispersed and separated into 212\u20132000 mm (coarse sand), 53\u2013212 mm (fine sand), 20\u201353 mm (coarse silt), 5\u201320 mm (fine silt) and 0\u20135 mm (clay) size fractions. The whole soil and size fractions were analyzed for C content. Conventional tillage treatments had the least amount of SOC, with 14.9 mg C g \ufffd 1 soil and 4.2 mg C g \ufffd 1 soil for the red clay and sandy soils, respectively. The highest SOC content was 6.8 mg C g \ufffd 1 soil in the sandy soil under MR, whereas for the red clay soil, TR had the highest SOC content of 20.4 mg C g \ufffd 1 soil. Organic C in the size fractions increased with decreasing size of the fractions. In both soils, the smallest response to management was observed in the clay size fractions, confirming that this size fraction is the most stable. The coarse sand-size fraction was most responsive to management in the sandy soil where MR had 42% more organic C than CR, suggesting that SOC contents of this fraction are predominantly controlled by amounts of C input. In contrast, the fine sand fraction was the most responsive fraction in the red clay soil with a 66% greater C content in the TR than CT. This result suggests that tillage disturbance is the dominant factor reducing C stabilization in a clayey soil, probably by reducing C stabilization within microaggregates. In conclusion, developing viable conservation agriculture practices to optimize SOC contents and long-term agroecosystem sustainability should prioritize the maintenance of C inputs (e.g. residue retention) to coarse textured soils, but should focus on the reduction of SOC decomposition (e.g. through reduced tillage) in fine textured soils. # 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.", "keywords": ["organic-matter dynamics", "Soil management", "Conservation agriculture", "Residue management", "no-tillage", "continuous cultivation", "sudano-sahelian conditions", "loam soil", "Tropical agroecosystems", "Tillage", "Agricultural ecosystems", "conventional-tillage", "Field Scale", "Conservation tillage", "2. Zero hunger", "Tropical zones", "Soil organic matter", "microbial biomass", "Particulate organic matter (pom)", "Soil organic carbon", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "crop residue", "fractions", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "manure application"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2006.08.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2006.08.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2006.08.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2006.08.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154405", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:32Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-03-08", "title": "Pedogenesis shapes predator-prey relationships within soil microbiomes", "description": "Pedogenesis determines soil physicochemical properties and many biodiversity facets, including belowground microbial bacteria and fungi. At the local scale, top-down predation by microbial protists regulates the soil microbiome, while the microbiome also affects protistan communities. However, it remains unknown how pedogenesis affects protistan communities and the potential protist-microbiome predator-prey relationships. With 435 soil samples representing different stages of pedogenesis ranging in soil age from centuries to millennia, we examined the influence of pedogenesis on the main protistan groups, and the interrelationships between protistan predators and microbial prey biomass. We revealed an enrichment in the diversity of total protists across pedogenesis and increasing richness of phototrophic protists in the medium compared with the early stages of pedogenesis. The richness of predatory protists accumulated throughout pedogenesis, which was more strongly determined by microbial biomass than environmental factors. Predator-prey associations were stronger in the young and the medium soils than in the older soils, likely because prey biomass accumulated in the latter and might be no longer limit predators. Together, our work provides evidence that pedogenesis shapes predatory protists differently than their prey, leading to shifts in predator-prey relationships. This knowledge is critical to better understand how soil food webs develop across soil development which might lead to changes in ecosystem functions.", "keywords": ["Predator-prey relationships", "2. Zero hunger", "Food Chain", "Microbiota", "Microbial biomass", "Eukaryota", "Biodiversity", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Soil", "Soil formation", "13. Climate action", "Predatory Behavior", "XXXXXX - Unknown", "Chronosequences", "Protistan predators", "Animals", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Microbiome"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154405"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154405", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154405", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154405"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2004.08.013", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:36Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-09-30", "title": "Decomposition Of C-14-Labeled Roots In A Pasture Soil Exposed To 10 Years Of Elevated Co2", "description": "Abstract   The net flux of soil C is determined by the balance between soil C input and microbial decomposition, both of which might be altered under prolonged elevated atmospheric CO 2 . In this study, we determined the effect of elevated CO 2  on decomposition of grass root material ( Lolium perenne  L.).  14 C-labeled root material, produced under ambient (35\u00a0Pa pCO 2 ) or elevated CO 2  (70\u00a0Pa pCO 2 ) was incubated in soil for 64 days. The soils were taken from a pasture ecosystem which had been exposed to ambient (35\u00a0Pa pCO 2 ) or elevated CO 2  (60\u00a0Pa pCO 2 ) under FACE-conditions for 10 years and two fertilizer N rates: 140 and 560\u00a0kg N ha \u22121 \u00a0year \u22121 . In soil exposed to elevated CO 2 , decomposition rates of root material grown at either ambient or elevated CO 2  were always lower than in the control soil exposed to ambient CO 2 , demonstrating a change in microbial activity. In the soil that received the high rate of N fertilizer, decomposition of root material grown at elevated CO 2  decreased by approximately 17% after incubation for 64 days compared to root material grown at ambient CO 2 . The amount of  14 CO 2  respired per amount of  14 C incorporated in the microbial biomass ( q  14 CO 2 ) was significantly lower when roots were grown under high CO 2  compared to roots grown under low CO 2 . We hypothesize that this decrease is the result of a shift in the microbial community, causing an increase in metabolic efficiency. Soils exposed to elevated CO 2  tended to respire more native SOC, both with and without the addition of the root material, probably resulting from a higher C supply to the soil during the 10 years of treatment with elevated CO 2 . The results show the importance of using soils adapted to elevated CO 2  in studies of decomposition of roots grown under elevated CO 2 . Our results further suggest that negative priming effects may obscure CO 2  data in incubation experiments with unlabeled substrates. From the results obtained, we conclude that a slower turnover of root material grown in an \u2018elevated-CO 2  world\u2019 may result in a limited net increase in C storage in ryegrass swards.", "keywords": ["organic-matter dynamics", "2. Zero hunger", "microbial biomass", "atmospheric carbon-dioxide", "turnover", "fine roots", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. 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