{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161255", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-15T16:16:53Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-12-31", "title": "Exploration of occurrence and sources of microplastics (>10 \u03bcm) in Danish marine waters", "description": "Microplastics (MPs) were quantified in Danish marine waters of the Kattegat and the southernmost part of Skagerrak bordering to it. Kattegat is a waterbody between Denmark and Sweden that receives inflow from the Baltic Sea and direct urban runoff from the metropolitan area of Copenhagen and Malm\u00f6. MPs were measured in 14 continuous transects while steaming between monitoring stations. MP levels tended to be highest close to the Copenhagen-Malm\u00f6 area, albeit this was more obvious from the abundance of particles rather than mass. The outcome of the measurements allowed a rough MP budget in the Danish Straits region, suggesting that urban waste- and stormwater discharges could not be neglected as potential MP source in these waters. The marine samples were collected by pumping and filtering water over 10 \u03bcm steel filters, hereby sampling a total of 19.3 m3. They were prepared and analyzed by FPA-\u03bcFTIR imaging, and the scans interpreted to yield MP size, shape, polymer type, and estimated mass. The average concentration was 103 \u00b1 86 items m-3, corresponding to 23.3 \u00b1 28.3 \u03bcg m-3 (17-286 items m-3; 0.6-84.1 \u03bcg m-3). Most MPs were smaller than 100 \u03bcm and fragments dominated the samples. The carbonyl index was assessed for polyolefins, showing that oxidation increased with decreasing MP size, but did not correlate with distance to urban areas. A rough budget of MP in the Danish Straits region suggested that MPs discharged from urban waste- and stormwaters were an import source of MPs.", "keywords": ["MP abundance", "13. Climate action", "Microplastics", "\u03bcFTIR-imaging", "/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/life_below_water; name=SDG 14 - Life Below Water", "11. Sustainability", "Microplastic sources", "Mass concentration", "14. Life underwater", "/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/sustainable_cities_and_communities; name=SDG 11 - Sustainable Cities and Communities", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161255"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161255", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161255", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161255"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.07.064", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-15T16:15:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-07-18", "title": "Response of soil dissolved organic matter to microplastic addition in Chinese loess soil", "description": "Plastic debris is accumulating in agricultural land due to the increased use of plastic mulches, which is causing serious environmental problems, especially for biochemical and physical properties of the soil. Dissolved organic matter (DOM) plays a central role in driving soil biogeochemistry, but little information is available on the effects of plastic residues, especially microplastic, on soil DOM. We conducted a soil-incubation experiment in a climate-controlled chamber with three levels of microplastic added to loess soil collected from the Loess Plateau in China: 0% (control, CK), 7% (M1) and 28% (M2) (w/w). We analysed the soil contents of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), dissolved organic nitrogen (DON), NH4+, NO3-, dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP), and PO43- and the activities of fluorescein diacetate hydrolase (FDAse) and phenol oxidase. The higher level of microplastic addition significantly increased the nutrient contents of the DOM solution. The lower level of addition had no significant effect on the DOM solution during the first seven days, but the rate of DOM decomposition decreased in M1 between days 7 and 30, which increased the nutrient contents. The microplastic facilitated the accumulation of high-molecular-weight humic-like material between days 7 and 30. The DOM solutions were mainly comprised of high-molecular-weight humic-like material in CK and M1 and of high-molecular-weight humic-like material and tyrosine-like material in M2. The Microplastic stimulated the activities of both enzymes. Microplastic addition thus stimulated enzymatic activity, activated pools of organic C, N, and P, and was beneficial for the accumulation of dissolved organic C, N and P.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "China", "Nitrogen", "Microplastic", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Excitation-emission matrix (EEM)", "Agriculture", "Phosphorus", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Carbon", "6. Clean water", "Soil", "Dissolved organic carbon (DOC)", "Dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP)", "Models", " Chemical", "13. Climate action", "Dissolved organic nitrogen (DON)", "Organic Chemicals", "Plastics", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.07.064"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Chemosphere", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.07.064", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.07.064", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.07.064"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "PMC7718786", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-15T16:27:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-12-01", "title": "Effects of plastic mulching on the accumulation and distribution of macro and micro plastics in soils of two farming systems in Northwest China", "description": "Background                     <p>Inappropriate disposal of the plastic mulching debris could create macroplastics (MaPs) and microplastics (MiPs) pollution in agricultural soil.</p>                                                           Methods                     <p>To study the effects of farming systems on accumulation and distribution of agricultural plastic debris, research was carried out on two farming systems in Northwest China. Farming in Wutong Village (S1) is characterized by small plots and low-intensity machine tillage while farming in Shihezi (S2) is characterized by large plots and high-intensity machine tillage. In September 2017, we selected six fields in S1, three fields with 6\uffe2\uff80\uff938 years of continuous plastic mulching (CM) as well as three fields with over 30 years of intermittent mulching (IM). In S2, we selected five cotton fields with 6, 7, 8, 15 and 18 years of continuous mulching. In both regions, MaPs and MiPs from soil surface to 30 cm depth (0\uffe2\uff80\uff9330 cm) were sampled.</p>                                                           Results                     <p>                       The results showed that in S1, MaPs mass in fields with 6\uffe2\uff80\uff938 years CM (i.e., 97.4kg\uffc2\uffb7ha                       \uffe2\uff88\uff921                       ) were significantly higher than in fields with 30 years IM (i.e., 53.7 kg\uffc2\uffb7ha                       \uffe2\uff88\uff921                       ). MaPs in size category of 10\uffe2\uff80\uff9350 cm                       2                       accounted for 46.9% in fields of CM and 44.5% in fields of IM of total collected MaPs number. In S2, MaPs mass ranged from 43.5 kg\uffc2\uffb7ha                       \uffe2\uff88\uff921                       to 148 kg\uffc2\uffb7ha                       \uffe2\uff88\uff921                       . MaPs in size category of 2\uffe2\uff80\uff9310 cm                       2                       account for 41.1% of total collected MaPs number while 0.25\uffe2\uff80\uff932 cm                       2                       accounted for 40.6%. MiPs in S1 were mainly detected in fields with over 30 years of intermittent mulching (up to 2,200 particles\uffc2\uffb7kg                       \uffe2\uff88\uff921                       soil), whereas in S2 were detected in all fields (up to 900 particles\uffc2\uffb7kg                       \uffe2\uff88\uff921                       soil). The results indicated farming systems could substantially affect the accumulation and distribution of agricultural plastic debris. Continuous plastic mulching could accumulate higher amount of MaPs than intermittent plastic mulching. High-intensity machine tillage could lead to higher fragmentation of MaPs and more severe MiPs pollution. These results suggest that agricultural plastic regulations are needed.                     </p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Plastic film mulching", "13. Climate action", "Microplastics", "Soil pollution", "Farming systems", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Low-density polyethylene", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Agricultural Science", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/PMC7718786"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PeerJ", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "PMC7718786", "name": "item", "description": "PMC7718786", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PMC7718786"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "0007bad6-848d-4763-9813-d5ed21cde6ee", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[5.81, 47.26], [5.81, 54.76], [15.77, 54.76], [15.77, 47.26], [5.81, 47.26]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "farming"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Soil"}, {"id": "microplastics"}], "scheme": "AGROVOC Multilingual agricultural thesaurus"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "opendata"}, {"id": "Multiple level; Winter wheat; Plant-soil system; Soil properties; Global change factors"}], "scheme": "Individual"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Boden"}], "scheme": "GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0"}], "rights": "Restrictions applied to assure the protection of privacy or intellectual property, and any special restrictions or limitations or warnings on using the resource or metadata. Reports, articles, papers, scientific and non - scientific works of any form, including tables, maps, or any other kind of output, in printed or electronic form, based in whole or in part on the data supplied, must contain an acknowledgement of the form: \"Data reused from the BonaRes Data Centre www.bonares.de. This data were created as part of the Rhizo4Bio - \u00b5Plastic's research activities.\" Although every care has been taken in preparing and testing the data, the Rhizo4Bio - \u00b5Plastic and the BonaRes Data Centre cannot guarantee that the data are correct; neither does the Rhizo4Bio - \u00b5Plastic and the BonaRes Data Centre accept any liability whatsoever for any error, missing data or omission in the data, or for any loss or damage arising from its use. The Rhizo4Bio - \u00b5Plastic and BonaRes Data Centre will not be responsible for any direct or indirect use which might be made of the data.", "updated": "2024-03-19", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2024-02-27", "language": "eng", "title": "Interactive effects of microplastics with other environmental drivers in a plant-soil system", "description": "Our study reveals the effects of GCFs on a soil-crop system: in general, with an increasing number of GCFs, soil properties, and plant biomass reacted negatively. For example, the higher the level of GCFs, the lower the plant biomass and soil water stable aggregation. We also find that MP applied as a single factor had minimal effects on soil properties and crop growth. However, when combined with other individual factors, it significantly altered the effect size, sometimes even causing directional change. Our results revealed that the interaction between MP and other GCFs is not an additive response. Due to the characteristics of MP, the interaction mechanism between heavy metal and MP is obviously different from the response between drought and MP, and their combined effects on the soil-plant system may fundamentally vary Factor interactions are key to understanding and predicting how GCFs influence soil and plants. With an increasing number of GCFs involved, it becomes more and more complicated to predict effects on ecosystems. Our study is among the first to systematically examine how microplastic acts in combination with a range of other important environmental drivers, and thus offers a first step toward understanding these elusive interactive effects.", "formats": [{"name": "CSV"}], "keywords": ["Soil", "microplastics", "opendata", "Multiple level; Winter wheat; Plant-soil system; Soil properties; Global change factors", "Boden"], "contacts": [{"name": "Hongyu Chen", "organization": "Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin - Institut f\u00fcr Biologie", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "hongyuc92@zedat.fu-berlin.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Matthias. C. Rillig", "organization": "Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin - Institut f\u00fcr Biologie", "position": null, "roles": ["projectLeader"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "rillig@zedat.fu-berlin.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "ZALF", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)", "position": "Research Platform 'Data Analysis & Simulation' - Workgroup Research Data Management", "roles": ["publisher"], "phones": [{"value": "+49 33432 82 300"}], "emails": [{"value": "dataservice@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Eberswalder Strasse 84"], "city": "M\u00fcncheberg", "administrativeArea": "Brandenburg", "postalCode": "15374", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"organization": "Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin - Institut f\u00fcr Biologie", "roles": ["contributor"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://maps.bonares.de/mapapps/resources/apps/bonares/index.html?lang=en&mid=0007bad6-848d-4763-9813-d5ed21cde6ee", "rel": "information"}, {"href": "https://metadata.bonares.de:443/smartEditor/preview/Chen-Experimental photo2-Hongyu Chen.jpg", "name": "preview", "description": "Web image thumbnail (URL)", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--image-thumbnail", "rel": "preview"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "0007bad6-848d-4763-9813-d5ed21cde6ee", "name": "item", "description": "0007bad6-848d-4763-9813-d5ed21cde6ee", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/0007bad6-848d-4763-9813-d5ed21cde6ee"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-03-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "03a8b6acd4af5e354229d56fda35f728", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-15T16:14:08Z", "type": "Report", "title": "Agricultural practices as major contributors to microplastic contamination in soil", "description": "unspecifiedWith the rising demand for higher crop yields, modern agriculture has adopted novel methodologies enabled by industrial innovations. Some practices include the use of plastic mulching and films for plant protection, temperature and weed control; plastic twine, silage, bale nets, and covers; plastic-coated fertilizers and seeds for controlled nutrient and pesticides release; and the use of plastic piping infrastructure. These methods contribute to the accumulation of secondary microplastics in agricultural soil, alongside particles from irrigation water, compost, and manure. This study aimed to identify the most prevalent polymer types in agricultural soil and investigate their links to modern horticultural practices. Samples were obtained from autochthonous soil, isolated from direct plastic debris but influenced by the processing practices of local farmers. Results show a significant amount of microplastic particles from 10 polymer types, with the majority consisting of polyamides and rubber, which are closely linked to mentioned practices and the use of agricultural vehicles.", "keywords": ["microplastics", "agricultural soil", "environmental impact"], "contacts": [{"organization": "\u0106ur\u010di\u0107, Galina, Wu, Fangzhu, Stoji\u0107, Nata\u0161a, Milo\u0161evi\u0107, Ljiljana, Proki\u0107, Dunja, Pucarevi\u0107, Mira, Primpke, Sebastian,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/03a8b6acd4af5e354229d56fda35f728"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "03a8b6acd4af5e354229d56fda35f728", "name": "item", "description": "03a8b6acd4af5e354229d56fda35f728", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/03a8b6acd4af5e354229d56fda35f728"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-07-04T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/sae2.12006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-15T16:14:25Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-11-15", "title": "Effects of microplastics on crop nutrition in fertile soils and interaction with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi", "description": "AbstractIntroduction<p>Soil microplastic (MP) pollution has emerged as a main factor of global change, but its effects on soil nutrient availability and uptake by crops (macro and micronutrients) are largely unknown. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are regulators of nutrient availability and uptake and can interact with soil MP.</p>Materials and Methods<p>Building on previous studies, here we explored in a 50\uffe2\uff80\uff90days pot experiment the influence and interaction of MP fibres (0.4%) and commercial AMF in soil and onion chemistry, that is, in elemental composition of onion shoots and soils (C, N, Ca, Mg, K, P, S, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn) and micronutrient soil availability (Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn).</p>Results<p>MP had detrimental effects on K, Mg and S, but increased the soil availability of Zn and shoot uptake. AMF inoculation buffered the effects of MP by balancing/enhancing nutrient availability and plant uptake. Particularly, the commercial AMF inoculum remarkably enhanced Mn uptake by onion.</p>Conclusion<p>Our results support the use of AMF to sustainably manage agricultural ecosystems contaminated with MP, buffering and counteracting the effects of MP by balancing nutrient availability and plant uptake.</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "570", "microplastics", "Agriculture (General)", "Microplastics", "macronutrients", "Qu\u00edmica", "500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "S1-972", "soil", "Environmental sciences", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "micronutrients", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "GE1-350", "Macronutrients", "Micronutrients", "Onion", "onion"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/sae2.12006"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/sae2.12006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Sustainable%20Agriculture%20and%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/sae2.12006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/sae2.12006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/sae2.12006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-11-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10311-022-01500-2", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-15T16:14:51Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-10-19", "title": "New separation protocol reveals spray painting as a neglected source of microplastics in soils", "description": "Abstract<p>Microplastics are recently discovered contaminants, yet knowledge on their sources and analysis is limited. For instance, paint microplastics are poorly known because soil separation protocols using flotation solutions cannot separate paint microplastics due to the higher density of paint microplastic versus common microplastics. Here, we designed a new two-step density separation protocol for paint microplastics, allowing paint microplastics to be separated from the soil without digestion. Paint particles were\uffc2\uffa0separated from soil samples collected around the graffiti wall at the Mauerpark, Berlin, then quantified according to their shape and color characteristic. The presence of polymers as binders in the paint particles was verified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Results show concentrations from 1.1\uffe2\uff80\uff89\uffc3\uff97\uffe2\uff80\uff89105 to 2.9\uffe2\uff80\uff89\uffc3\uff97\uffe2\uff80\uff89105 microplastics per Kg of dry soil, representing the highest microplastic concentration ever reported in the literature. Particle concentrations decreased and the median size increased with soil depth. Our results provide first evidence that spray painting, a technique with a wide range of applications from industry to art, leaves a legacy of environmental microplastic in soils that has so far gone unnoticed.</p>", "keywords": ["570", "Original Paper", "13. Climate action", "Paint microplastic", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie", "02 engineering and technology", "Spray paint", "Infrared", "01 natural sciences", "Separation", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10311-022-01500-2.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-022-01500-2"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Chemistry%20Letters", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10311-022-01500-2", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10311-022-01500-2", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10311-022-01500-2"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-10-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s42832-021-0077-3", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-15T16:15:26Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-03-13", "title": "Research trends of microplastics in the soil environment: Comprehensive screening of effects", "description": "Abstract<p>We collated and synthesized previous studies that reported the impacts of microplastics on soil parameters. The data were classified and integrated to screen for the proportion of significant effects, then we suggest several directions to alleviate the current data limitation in future experiments. We compiled 106 datasets capturing significant effects, which were analyzed in detail. We found that polyethylene and pellets (or powders) were the most frequently used microplastic composition and shape for soil experiments. The significant effects mainly occurred in broad size ranges (0.1\uffe2\uff80\uff931 mm) at test concentrations of 0.1%\uffe2\uff80\uff9310% based on soil dry weight. Polyvinyl chloride and film induced significant effects at lower concentrations compared to other compositions and shapes, respectively. We adopted a species sensitivity distribution (SSD) and soil property effect distribution (SPED) method using available data from soil biota, and for soil properties and enzymes deemed relevant for microplastic management. The predicted-no-effect-concentration (PNEC)-like values needed to protect 95% of soil biota and soil properties was estimated to be between 520 and 655 mg kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921. This study was the first to screen microplastic levels with a view toward protecting the soil system. Our results should be regularly updated (e.g., quarterly) with additional data as they become available.</p>", "keywords": ["Significant effect", "2. Zero hunger", "570", "Soil", "Species sensitivity distribution", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Soil ; Significant effect ; Soil properties ; Microplastics in agroecosystems ; Species sensitivity distribution ; Research Article", "Soil properties", "500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42832-021-0077-3.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s42832-021-0077-3"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Ecology%20Letters", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s42832-021-0077-3", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s42832-021-0077-3", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s42832-021-0077-3"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-03-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s42832-020-0060-4", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-15T16:15:26Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-11-02", "title": "Microplastic fiber and drought effects on plants and soil are only slightly modified by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi", "description": "Abstract<p>Microplastics are increasingly recognized as a factor of global change. By altering soil inherent properties and processes, ripple-on effects on plants and their symbionts can be expected. Additionally, interactions with other factors of global change, such as drought, can influence the effect of microplastics. We designed a greenhouse study to examine effects of polyester microfibers, arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and drought on plant, microbial and soil responses. We found that polyester microfibers increased the aboveground biomass of Allium cepa under well-watered and drought conditions, but under drought conditions the AM fungal-only treatment reached the highest biomass. Colonization with AM fungi increased under microfiber contamination, however, plant biomass did not increase when both AM fungi and fibers were present. The mean weight diameter of soil aggregates increased with AM fungal inoculation overall but decreased when the system was contaminated with microfibers or drought stressed. Our study adds additional support to the mounting evidence that microplastic fibers in soil can affect the plant-soil system by promoting plant growth, and favoring key root symbionts, AM fungi. Although soil aggregation is usually positively influenced by plant roots and AM fungi, and microplastic promotes both, our results show that plastic still had a negative effect on soil aggregates. Even though there are concerns that microplastic might interact with other factors of global change, our study revealed no such effect for drought. </p>", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "570", "Organic matter decomposition", "Drought", "Microplastic", "Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi", "500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie", "Root traits", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "03 medical and health sciences", "13. Climate action", "Soil aggregation", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42832-020-0060-4.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s42832-020-0060-4"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Ecology%20Letters", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s42832-020-0060-4", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s42832-020-0060-4", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s42832-020-0060-4"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-11-02T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s42832-021-0114-2", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-15T16:15:26Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-08-25", "title": "Tire abrasion particles negatively affect plant growth even at low concentrations and alter soil biogeochemical cycling", "description": "Abstract<p>Tire particles (TPs) are a major source of microplastic on land, and considering their chemical composition, they represent a potential hazard for the terrestrial environment. We studied the effects of TPs at environmentally relevant concentrations along a wide concentration gradient (0\uffe2\uff80\uff93160 mg g\uffe2\uff88\uff921) and tested the effects on plant growth, soil pH and the key ecosystem process of litter decomposition and soil respiration. The addition of TPs negatively affected shoot and root growth already at low concentrations. Tea litter decomposition slightly increased with lower additions of TPs but decreased later on. Soil pH increased until a TP concentration of 80 mg g\uffe2\uff88\uff921 and leveled off afterwards. Soil respiration clearly increased with increasing concentration of added TPs. Plant growth was likely reduced with starting contamination and stopped when contamination reached a certain level in the soil. The presence of TPs altered a number of biogeochemical soil parameters that can have further effects on plant performance. Considering the quantities of yearly produced TPs, their persistence, and toxic potential, we assume that these particles will eventually have a significant impact on terrestrial ecosystems.</p>", "keywords": ["570", "Soil respiration ; Soil pH ; Litter decomposition ; Microplastic pollution ; Tire particles ; Soil Pollution", " Control", " and Remediation ; Research Article ; Plant growth", "Litter decomposition", "Soil respiration", "Soil pH", "500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Microplastic pollution", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "13. Climate action", "Tire particles", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Plant growth", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42832-021-0114-2.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s42832-021-0114-2"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Ecology%20Letters", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s42832-021-0114-2", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s42832-021-0114-2", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s42832-021-0114-2"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-04-20T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160038", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-15T16:16:53Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-11-14", "title": "Generating environmental sampling and testing data for micro- and nanoplastics for use in life cycle impact assessment", "description": "Ongoing efforts focus on quantifying plastic pollution and describing and estimating the related magnitude of exposure and impacts on human and environmental health. Data gathered during such work usually follows a receptor perspective. However, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) represents an emitter perspective. This study examines existing data gathering and reporting approaches for field and laboratory studies on micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs) exposure and effects relevant to LCA data inputs. The outcomes indicate that receptor perspective approaches do not typically provide suitable or sufficiently harmonised data. Improved design is needed in the sampling, testing and recording of results using harmonised, validated and comparable methods, with more comprehensive reporting of relevant data. We propose a three-level set of requirements for data recording and reporting to increase the potential for LCA studies and models to utilise data gathered in receptor-oriented studies. We show for which purpose such data can be used as inputs to LCA, particularly in life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) methods. Implementing these requirements will facilitate proper integration of the potential environmental impacts of plastic losses from human activity (e.g. litter) into LCA. Then, the impacts of plastic emissions can eventually be connected and compared with other environmental issues related to anthropogenic activities.", "keywords": ["safety", "Monitoring", "Microplastics", "Life Cycle Assessment", "Environment", "/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/responsible_consumption_and_production; name=SDG 12 - Responsible Consumption and Production", "Ecotoxicology", "333", "Article", "Biologisk overv\u00e5kning", "12. Responsible consumption", "Life cycle assessment", "Risikovurdering", "/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/affordable_and_clean_energy; name=SDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy", "Humans", "Animals", "/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/good_health_and_well_being; name=SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being", "Risk assessment", "Life Cycle Stages", "LCA", "Data Collection", "health", "Environmental monitoring", "Datainnsamling", "Harmonizing data collection", "620", "Livsl\u00f8psanalyse", "\u00d8kotoksikologi", "bio-based", "13. Climate action", "Nanoplastics", "Mikroplast i havet", "Ocean Microplastics", "Environmental Pollution"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160038"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160038", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160038", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160038"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3389/fpls.2022.965576", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-15T16:20:44Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-08-08", "title": "Legacy effect of microplastics on plant-soil feedbacks", "description": "<p>Microplastics affect plants and soil biota and the processes they drive. However, the legacy effect of microplastics on plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93soil feedbacks is still unknown. To address this, we used soil conditioned from a previous experiment, where Daucus carota grew with 12 different microplastic types (conditioning phase). Here, we extracted soil inoculum from those 12 soils and grew during 4\uffe2\uff80\uff89weeks a native D. carota and a range-expanding plant species Calamagrostis epigejos in soils amended with this inoculum (feedback phase). At harvest, plant biomass and root morphological traits were measured. Films led to positive feedback on shoot mass (higher mass with inoculum from soil conditioned with microplastics than with inoculum from control soil). Films may decrease soil water content in the conditioning phase, potentially reducing the abundance of harmful soil biota, which, with films also promoting mutualist abundance, microbial activity and carbon mineralization, would positively affect plant growth in the feedback phase. Foams and fragments caused positive feedback on shoot mass likely via positive effects on soil aeration in the conditioning phase, which could have increased mutualistic biota and soil enzymatic activity, promoting plant growth. By contrast, fibers caused negative feedback on root mass as this microplastic may have increased soil water content in the conditioning phase, promoting the abundance of soil pathogens with negative consequences for root mass. Microplastics had a legacy effect on root traits: D. carota had thicker roots probably for promoting mycorrhizal associations, while C. epigejos had reduced root diameter probably for diminishing pathogenic infection. Microplastic legacy on soil can be positive or negative depending on the plant species identity and may affect plant biomass primarily via root traits. This legacy may contribute to the competitive success of range-expanding species via positive effects on root mass (foams) and on shoot mass (PET films). Overall, microplastics depending on their shape and polymer type, affect plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93soil feedbacks.</p>", "keywords": ["580", "0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "0303 health sciences", "soil inocula", "Plant culture", "Plant Science", "plant\u2013soil interactions", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "SB1-1110", "root morphological traits", "03 medical and health sciences", "500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::580 Pflanzen (Botanik)::580 Pflanzen (Botanik)", "polymer type", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "microplastic shape", "plant biomass"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.965576"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Frontiers%20in%20Plant%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3389/fpls.2022.965576", "name": "item", "description": "10.3389/fpls.2022.965576", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3389/fpls.2022.965576"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-04-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2022.104649", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-15T16:15:48Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-08-30", "title": "Effects of microplastics on common bean rhizosphere bacterial communities", "description": "Microplastic pollution in terrestrial ecosystems is a growing concern due to its potential influences on soil properties and crop growth. Little is known about the effects of microplastics on the microbiome in the rhizosphere. Here, we studied the effects of two types of microplastics (MPs), low density polyethylene (LDPE-MPs) and biodegradable microplastic (Bio-MPs) of poly-butylene-adipate-co-terephthalate (PBAT) mixed with polylactic acid (PLA), on rhizosphere bacterial communities of Phaseolus vulgaris at doses of 0.5 %, 1.0 % and 2.5 % (w/w, dry weight ratio between MPs and soil). Bio-MPs and LDPE-MPs showed significant higher \u03b1-diversity (Chao 1, ACE, Shannon and Simpson) than control. For each type of microplastic material, 2.5 % of LDPE-MPs and Bio-MPs showed lowest \u03b1-diversity as compared to doses of 0.5 % and 1.0 %, indicating 2.5 % dose of MPs might pose selective effect on rhizosphere bacterial communities. \u03b2-Diversity of 1.0 % and 2.5 % Bio-MPs were distinctive from the control and other treatments. Microplastics also affected the relative abundance at family level, i.e. as compared to control, Comamonadaceae was higher in all the MPs treatments, Rhizobiaceae was highest in 2.5 % LDPE-MPs and lowest in 2.5 % Bio-MPs. LefSe results showed, as compared to control, Bio-MPs induced more indictive taxa than LDPE-MPs. Our findings evidenced that LDPE-MPs and Bio-MPs exerted profound effects on rhizosphere bacterial communities, and these effects might have far-reaching effects on soil nutrient cycling and plant health in agroecosystems.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0301 basic medicine", "03 medical and health sciences", "Low density polyethylene plastic", "13. Climate action", "Microplastics", "16S rRNA", "15. Life on land", "Biodegradable plastic", "Rhizosphere bacterial community", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2022.104649"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2022.104649", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2022.104649", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2022.104649"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143131", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-15T16:15:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-08-19", "title": "Photoaging of polystyrene-based microplastics amplifies inflammatory response in macrophages", "description": "The continuous release of municipal and industrial products into the environment poses a growing concern for public health. Among environmental pollutants, polystyrene (PS) stands out as a primary constituent of environmental plastic waste, given its widespread use and high production rates owing to its durability and user-friendly properties. The detection of polystyrene microparticles (PS-MPs) in various living organisms has been well-documented, posing a serious threat due to their potential passage into the human ecosystem. In this manuscript, we aimed to study the toxicological effects of low concentrations of pristine and photoaged PS-MPs in a murine macrophage cell line. To this purpose, PS-MPs were photoaged by indoor exposure to visible light to simulate environmental weathering due to solar irradiation (PS-MPs3h). Physical characterization revealed that the irradiation treatment results in particle degradation and the possible release of nanoparticles. Monocultures of the RAW264.7\u00a0cell line were then exposed to PS-MPs and PS-MPs3h at concentrations comparable to experimental measurements from biological samples, to assess cytotoxicity, intracellular oxidative stress, primary genotoxicity, and inflammatory effects. Significant toxicity-related outcomes were observed in cells treated with both pristine PS-MPs and PS-MPs3h even at low concentrations (0,10\u00a0\u03bcg/ml and 1\u00a0\u03bcg/ml). PS-MPs3h exhibited greater adverse effects compared to PS-MPs, including reduced cell viability, increased ROS production, elevated DNA damage, and upregulation of IL-6 and NOS2 gene expression. Therefore, we can conclude that changes induced by environmental aging in the physicochemical composition of PS microplastics play a crucial role in the adverse health outcomes associated with microplastic exposure.", "keywords": ["Inflammation", "Mice", "Oxidative Stress", "RAW 264.7 Cells", "microplastics", " polystyrene", " macrophages", "Cell Survival", "Microplastics", "Macrophages", "Polystyrenes", "Animals", "Environmental Pollutants", "Reactive Oxygen Species", "DNA Damage"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://iris.cnr.it/bitstream/20.500.14243/493702/1/Aloi%20et%20al%20Chemospere%202024.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143131"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Chemosphere", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143131", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143131", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143131"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115097", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-15T16:16:11Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-06-30", "title": "Impact of plastic mulch film debris on soil physicochemical and hydrological properties", "description": "The plastic mulch films used in agriculture are considered to be a major source of the plastic residues found in soil. Mulching with low-density polyethylene (LDPE) is widely practiced and the resulting macro- and microscopic plastic residues in agricultural soil have aroused concerns for years. Over the past decades, a variety of biodegradable (Bio) plastics have been developed in the hope of reducing plastic contamination of the terrestrial ecosystem. However, the impact of these Bio plastics in agroecosystems have not been sufficiently studied. Therefore, we investigated the impact of macro (around 5\u00a0mm) and micro (<1\u00a0mm) sized plastic debris from LDPE and one type of starch-based Bio mulch film on soil physicochemical and hydrological properties. We used environmentally relevant concentrations of plastics, ranging from 0 to 2% (w/w), identified by field studies and literature review. We studied the effects of the plastic residue on a sandy soil for one month in a laboratory experiment. The bulk density, porosity, saturated hydraulic conductivity, field capacity and soil water repellency were altered significantly in the presence of the four kinds of plastic debris, while pH, electrical conductivity and aggregate stability were not substantially affected. Overall, our research provides clear experimental evidence that microplastics affect soil properties. The type, size and content of plastic debris as well as the interactions between these three factors played complex roles in the variations of the measured soil parameters. Living in a plastic era, it is crucial to conduct further interdisciplinary studies in order to have a comprehensive understanding of plastic debris in soil and agroecosystems.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Microplastics", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Agriculture", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "Biodegradable plastic", "Agricultural soil", "01 natural sciences", "Soil quality", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "Plastic pollution", "international", "Soil Pollutants", "Hydrology", "Plastics", "Plan_S-Compliant_TA", "Ecosystem", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115097"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Pollution", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115097", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115097", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115097"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.envpol.2018.07.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-15T16:16:11Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-07-03", "title": "Influence of microplastic addition on glyphosate decay and soil microbial activities in Chinese loess soil", "description": "The intensive use of pesticide and plastic mulches has considerably enhanced crop growth and yield. Pesticide residues and plastic debris, however, have caused serious environmental problems. This study investigated the effects of the commonly used herbicide glyphosate and micrometre-sized plastic debris, referred as microplastics, on glyphosate decay and soil microbial activities in Chinese loess soil by a microcosm experiment over 30 days incubation. Results showed that glyphosate decay was gradual and followed a single first-order decay kinetics model. In different treatments (with/without microplastic addition), glyphosate showed similar half-lives (32.8 days). The soil content of aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA), the main metabolite of glyphosate, steadily increased without reaching plateau and declining phases throughout the experiment. Soil microbial respiration significantly changed throughout the entirety of the experiment, particularly in the treatments with higher microplastic addition. The dynamics of soil \u03b2-glucosidase, urease and phosphatase varied, especially in the treatments with high microplastic addition. Particles that were considerably smaller than the initially added microplastic particles were observed after 30 days incubation. This result thus implied that microplastic would hardly affect glyphosate decay but smaller plastic particles accumulated in soils which potentially threaten soil quality would be further concerned especially in the regions with intensive plastic mulching application.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Glyphosate", "Herbicides", "Microplastic", "Glycine", "Pesticide Residues", "Tetrazoles", "Isoxazoles", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Soil quality", "Soil", "Pesticide decay", "Models", " Chemical", "Soil Pollutants", "Plastics", "Soil microbial activities", "Soil Microbiology", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2018.07.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Pollution", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.envpol.2018.07.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.envpol.2018.07.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.envpol.2018.07.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.envpol.2018.11.044", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-15T16:16:11Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-11-22", "title": "Biogenic transport of glyphosate in the presence of LDPE microplastics: A mesocosm experiment", "description": "The accumulation of plastic debris and herbicide residues has become a huge challenge and poses many potential risks to environmental health and soil quality. In the present study, we investigated the transport of glyphosate and its main metabolite, aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) via earthworms in the presence of different concentrations of light density polyethylene microplastics in the litter layer during a 14-day mesocosm experiment. The results showed earthworm gallery weight was negatively affected by the combination of glyphosate and microplastics. Glyphosate and AMPA concentrated in the first centimetre of the top soil layer and the downward transport of glyphosate and AMPA was only detected in the earthworm burrows, ranging from 0.04 to 4.25\u202f\u03bcg\u202fg-1 for glyphosate and from 0.01 (less than limit of detection) to 0.76\u202f\u03bcg\u202fg-1 for AMPA. The transport rate of glyphosate (including AMPA) from the litter layer into earthworm burrows ranged from 6.6\u202f\u00b1\u202f4.6% to 18.3\u202f\u00b1\u202f2.4%, depending on synergetic effects of microplastics and glyphosate application. The findings imply that earthworm activities strongly influence pollutant movement into the soil, which potentially affects soil ecosystems. Further studies focused on the fate of pollutants in the microenvironment of earthworm burrows are needed.", "keywords": ["Earthworm burrows", "2. Zero hunger", "Glyphosate", "Herbicides", "Microplastics", "Glycine", "Tetrazoles", "Isoxazoles", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Glyphosate transport", "Soil", "Polyethylene", "13. Climate action", "Animals", "Soil Pollutants", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Oligochaeta", "Soil ecosystem", "Plastics", "Ecosystem", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2018.11.044"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Pollution", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.envpol.2018.11.044", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.envpol.2018.11.044", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.envpol.2018.11.044"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.envpol.2022.118808", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-15T16:16:11Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-01-07", "title": "Microplastic variability in subsurface water from the Arctic to Antarctica", "description": "Comparative investigations of microplastic (MP) occurrence in the global ocean are often hampered by the application of different methods. In this study, the same sampling and analytical approach was applied during five different cruises to investigate MP covering a route from the East-Siberian Sea in the Arctic, through the Atlantic, and into the Antarctic Peninsula. A total of 121 subsurface water samples were collected using underway pump-through system on two different vessels. This approach allowed subsurface MP (100\u00a0\u03bcm-5\u00a0mm) to be evaluated in five regions of the World Ocean (Antarctic, Central Atlantic, North Atlantic, Barents Sea and Siberian Arctic) and to assess regional differences in MP characteristics. The average abundance of MP for whole studied area was 0.7\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.6 items/m3 (ranging from 0 to 2.6 items/m3), with an equal average abundance for both fragments and fibers (0.34 items/m3). Although no statistical difference was found for MP abundance between the studied regions. Differences were found between the size, morphology, polymer types and weight concentrations. The Central Atlantic and Barents Sea appeared to have more MP in terms of weight concentration (7-7.5\u00a0\u03bcg/m3) than the North Atlantic and Siberian Arctic (0.6\u00a0\u03bcg/m3). A comparison of MP characteristics between the two Hemispheres appears to indicate that MP in the Northern Hemisphere mostly originate from terrestrial input, while offshore industries play an important role as a source of MP in the Southern Hemisphere. The waters of the Northern Hemisphere were found to be more polluted by fibers than those of the Southern Hemisphere. The results presented here suggest that fibers can be transported by air and water over long distances from the source, while distribution of fragments is limited mainly to the water mass where the source is located.", "keywords": ["550", "Arctic Regions", "Microplastics", "Microplastic", "Antarctic Regions", "Water", "Subsurface water", "01 natural sciences", "Global distribution", "Fibers", "Harmonization", "13. Climate action", "14. Life underwater", "Plastics", "Water Pollutants", " Chemical", "Environmental Monitoring", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2022.118808"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Pollution", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.envpol.2022.118808", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.envpol.2022.118808", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.envpol.2022.118808"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125193", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-15T16:16:11Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-10-24", "title": "Effect of particle size on the transport of polystyrene micro- and nanoplastic particles through quartz sand under unsaturated conditions", "description": "Micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs) are contaminants of emerging concern recently found in soil ecosystems. Their presence in terrestrial environments and their migration to aquatic environments may become a risk for the health of ecosystems and, through them, of humans. Understanding the interaction between particle properties and physicochemical and hydrodynamic factors is crucial to evaluate their fate and their potential infiltration towards groundwater. This study investigates the impact of particle size on MNPs transport through sand under unsaturated conditions. Infiltration column experiments with polystyrene MNPs ranging from 120 to 10,000\u00a0nm were conducted and supported by numerical modelling to derive reactive transport parameters. Results show a significant effect of particle size on the transport of MNPs, with higher recovery values observed for smaller particles (120\u00a0nm; 95.11%) compared to larger particles (1000\u00a0nm; 71.44%). No breakthrough was observed for 10,000\u00a0nm particles, indicating a complete retention within the quartz sand matrix. DLVO theory confirmed the dominance of electrostatic repulsive forces between MNPs and sand grains, suggesting an unfavourable environment for MNPs to adhere to quartz sand. Consequently, particle retention in the sand matrix occurs predominantly by physical processes. Equilibrium sorption modelling reveals that larger particles (1000\u00a0nm) tend to be immobilized in small pores throats due to straining, resulting in lower recoveries. When they are not trapped, particles tend to travel faster through preferential flows due to a size exclusion effect, evidenced by shorter arrival times at the column outlet compared to tracers. These findings highlight the influence of particle size on the transport and retention of MNPs in quartz sand under unsaturated conditions and contribute to a better understanding of their transport dynamics and environmental fate.", "keywords": ["Microplastics", "Q Science (General)", "Quartz", "particle size", "QS Ecology", "nanoplastics", "modelling", "Sand", "Polystyrenes", "Nanoparticles", "Soil Pollutants", "Particle Size", "Plastics", "Groundwater"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Rieckhof, Cynthia, Mart\u00ednez-Hern\u00e1ndez, Virtudes, Holzbecher, Ekkehard, Meffe, Raffaella,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125193"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Pollution", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125193", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125193", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125193"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120513", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-15T16:16:11Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-10-29", "title": "Microplastic appraisal of soil, water, ditch sediment and airborne dust: The case of agricultural systems", "description": "Although microplastic pollution jeopardizes both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, the movement of plastic particles through terrestrial environments is still poorly understood. Agricultural soils exposed to different managements are important sites of storage and dispersal of microplastics. This study aimed to identify the abundance, distribution, and type of microplastics present in agricultural soils, water, airborne dust, and ditch sediments. Soil health was also assessed using soil macroinvertebrate abundance and diversity. Sixteen fields were evaluated, 6 of which had been exposed to more than 5 years of compost application, 5 were exposed to at least 5 years of plastic mulch use, and 5 were not exposed to any specific management (controls) within the last 5 years. We also evaluated the spread of microplastics from the farms into nearby water bodies and airborne dust. We found 11 types of microplastics in soil, among which Light Density Polyethylene (LDPE) and Light Density Polyethylene covered with pro-oxidant additives (PAC) were the most abundant. The highest concentrations of plastics were found in soils exposed to plastic mulch management (128.7\u00a0\u00b1\u00a0320\u00a0MPs.g-1 soil and 224.84\u00a0\u00b1\u00a0488\u00a0MPs.g-1 soil, respectively) and the particles measured from 50 to 150\u00a0\u03bcm. Nine types of microplastics were found in water, with the highest concentrations observed in systems exposed to compost. Farms applying compost had higher LDPE and PAC concentrations in ditch sediments as compared to control and mulch systems; a significant correlation between soil polypropylene (PP) microplastics with ditch sediment microplastics (r2 0.7 p\u00a0<\u00a00.05) was found. LDPE, PAC, PE (Polyethylene), and PP were the most abundant microplastics in airborne dust. Soil invertebrates were scarce in the systems using plastic mulch. A cocktail of microplastics was found in all assessed matrices.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "ddc:550", "Microplastics", "Water", "Dust", "15. Life on land", "Polypropylenes", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Soil", "Polyethylene", "13. Climate action", "Life Science", "Soil Pollutants", "Plastics", "Ecosystem", "Water Pollutants", " Chemical", "Environmental Monitoring", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120513"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Pollution", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120513", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120513", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120513"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122243", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-15T16:16:11Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-07-21", "title": "Species-dependent responses of crop plants to polystyrene microplastics", "description": "Only recently there has been a strong focus on the impacts of microplastics on terrestrial crop plants. This study aims to examine and compare the effects of microplastics on two monocotyledonous (barley, Hordeum vulgare and wheat, Triticum aestivum), and two dicotyledonous (carrot, Daucus carota and lettuce, Lactuca sativa) plant species through two complimentary experiments. First, we investigated the effects of low, medium, and high (103, 105, 107 particles per mL) concentrations of 500\u00a0nm polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) on seed germination and early development. We found species-dependent effects on the early development, with microplastics only significantly affecting lettuce and carrot. When acutely exposed during germination, PS-MPs significantly delayed the germination of lettuce by 24%, as well as promoted the shoot growth of carrot by 71% and decreased its biomass by 26%. No effect was recorded on monocot species. Secondly, we performed a chronic (21\u00a0d) hydroponic experiment on lettuce and wheat. We observed that PS-MPs significantly reduced the shoot growth of lettuce by up to 35% and increased its biomass by up to 64%, while no record was reported on wheat. In addition, stress level indicators and defence mechanisms were significantly up-regulated in both lettuce and wheat seedlings. Overall, this study shows that PS-MPs affect plant development: impacts were recorded on both germination and growth for dicots, and responses identified by biochemical markers of stress were increased in both lettuce and wheat. This highlights species-dependent effects as the four crops were grown under identical conditions to allow direct comparison. For future research, our study emphasizes the need to focus on crop specific effects, while also working towards knowledge of plastic-induced impacts at environmentally relevant conditions.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "microplastics", "Microplastics", "Microplastic", "ta1183", "seed germination", "Biochemical indicators of stress", "Agriculture", "Germination", "plant growth", "15. Life on land", "Seed germination", "Seedlings", "Polystyrenes", "microplastic", "Plastics", "Triticum", "agriculture", "Plant growth", "Lactuca"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122243"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Pollution", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122243", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122243", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122243"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125307", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-15T16:16:11Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-11-12", "title": "Biodegradable microplastics induce profound changes in lettuce (Lactuca sativa) defense mechanisms and to some extent deteriorate growth traits", "description": "The development of agricultural technologies has intensified the use of plastic in this sector. Products of plastic degradation, such as microplastics (MPs), potentially threaten living organisms, biodiversity and agricultural ecosystem functioning. Thus, biodegradable plastic materials have been introduced to agriculture. However, the effects of biodegradable plastic substitutes on soil ecosystems are even less known than those of traditional ones. Here, we studied the effects of environmentally relevant concentrations of MPs prepared from a biodegradable plastic (a starch-polybutylene adipate terephthalate blend, PBAT-BD-MPs) on the growth and defense mechanisms of lettuce (Lactuca sativa) in CLIMECS system (CLImatic Manipulation of ECosystem Samples). PBAT-BD-MPs in the highest concentrations negatively affected some traits of growth, i.e., dry weight percentage, specific leaf area, and both C and N contents. We observed more profound changes in plant physiology and biochemistry, as PBAT-BD-MPs decreased chlorophyll content and triggered a concerted response of plant defense mechanisms against oxidative stress. In conclusion, exposure to PBAT-BD-MPs induced plant oxidative stress and activated plant defense mechanisms, leading to oxidative homeostasis that sustained plant growth and functioning. Our study highlights the need for in-depth understanding of the effect of bioplastics on plants.", "keywords": ["580", "Chlorophyll", "0301 basic medicine", "570", "0303 health sciences", "salicylic acid", "Microplastics", "Lipid peroxidation", "lipid peroxidation", "Salicylic acid", "Biodegradable Plastics", "Plant Leaves", "Oxidative Stress", "03 medical and health sciences", "Starch-polybutylene adipate terephthalate", "Biodegradation", " Environmental", "total phenolic content", "starch-polybutylene adipate terephthalate", "Soil Pollutants", "PBAT", "Total phenolic content", "CLIMECS system", "Lactuca"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Sylwia Adamczyk, Laura J. Zantis, Sam van Loon, Cornelis A.M. van Gestel, Thijs Bosker, Rachel Hurley, Luca Nizzetto, Bartosz Adamczyk, Sannakajsa Velmala,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125307"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Pollution", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125307", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125307", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125307"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114342", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-15T16:16:16Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-04-23", "title": "Microplastics in seafood: Consumer preferences and valuation for mitigation technologies", "description": "Abstract         <p>Microplastics, an emerging pollutant, have garnered widespread attention due to potential repercussions on human health and the environment. Given the critical role of seafood in food security, growing concerns about microplastics might be detrimental to meeting future global food demand. This study employs a discrete choice experiment to investigate Chilean consumers' preferences for technology aimed at mitigating microplastic levels in mussels. Using a between-subjects design with information treatments, we examined the impact of informing consumers about potential human health and environmental effects linked to microplastics pollution on their valuation for the technology. We found that the information treatments increased consumers\uffe2\uff80\uff99 willingness to pay for them. Specifically, consumers\uffe2\uff80\uff99 willingness to pay for mussels with a 90% depuration efficiency certification is around US$ 4. The provision of health impact information increased the price premium by 56%, while the provision of environmental information increased it by 21%. Furthermore, combined health and environmental information significantly increased the probability of non-purchasing behavior by 22.8% and the risk perception of microplastics for human health by 5.8%. These results emphasize the critical role of information in shaping consumer preferences and provide evidence for validating investment in research and development related to microplastic pollution mitigation measures.</p", "keywords": ["Male", "11 Ciudades y comunidades sostenibles", "Economics", "Strategy and Management", "Microplastics", "Social Sciences", "Choice Behavior", "01 natural sciences", "Microplastics pollution", "Natural resource economics", "11. Sustainability", "11 Sustainable Cities and Communities", "Microeconomics", "Willingness to pay", "Business", "Chile", "Environmental resource management", "Marketing", "2. Zero hunger", "12 Producci\u00f3n y consumo responsable", "Ecology", "Middle Aged", "Microplastic Pollution in Marine and Terrestrial Environments", "Pollution", "Management", "3. Good health", "Economics", " Econometrics and Finance", "Mitigation technology", "Environmental health", "14 Vida submarina", "Physical Sciences", "Medicine", "Female", "Information treatment", "12 Responsible Consumption and Production", "Adult", "06 Clean Water and Sanitation", "Economics and Econometrics", "Certification", "06 Agua limpia y saneamiento", "330", "Environmental economics", "Discrete Choice Models in Economics and Health Care", "Food Contamination", "Business", " Management and Accounting", "12. Responsible consumption", "FOS: Economics and business", "Young Adult", "Humans", "Animals", "Conceptualizing the Circular Economy and Sustainable Supply Chains", "14. Life underwater", "Discrete Choice Experiment", "Biology", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "9. Industry and infrastructure", "Human health", "Valuation (finance)", "Consumer Behavior", "14 Life Below Water", "Purchasing", "Bivalvia", "Seafood", "13. Climate action", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Environmental Science", "Water Pollutants", " Chemical", "Finance"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114342"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Food%20Research%20International", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114342", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114342", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114342"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-10-05T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17113", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-15T16:16:31Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-06-09", "title": "Do drinking water plants retain microplastics? An exploratory study using Raman micro-spectroscopy", "description": "The retainment of microplastics (MPs) down to 1\u00a0\u03bcm by a Danish drinking water plant fed with groundwater was quantified using Raman micro-spectroscopy (\u03bcRaman). The inlet and outlet were sampled in parallel triplicates over five consecutive days of normal activity. For each triplicate, approximately 1\u00a0m3 of drinking water was filtered with a custom-made device employing 1\u00a0\u03bcm steel filters. The MP abundance was expressed as MP counts per liter (N/L) and MP mass per liter (pg/L), the latter being estimated from the morphological parameters provided by the \u03bcRaman analysis. Hence the treated water held on average 1.4\u00a0MP counts/L, corresponding to 4\u00a0pg/L. The raw water entering the sand filters held a higher MP abundance, and the overall efficiency of the treatment was 43.2% in terms of MP counts and 75.1% in terms of MP mass. The reason for the difference between count-based and mass-based efficiencies was that 1-5\u00a0\u03bcm\u00a0MP were retained to a significantly lower degree than larger ones. Above 10\u00a0\u03bcm, 79.6% of all MPs were retained by the filters, while the efficiency was only 41.1% below 5\u00a0\u03bcm. The MP retainment was highly variable between measurements, showing an overall decreasing tendency over the investigated period. Therefore, the plastic elements of the plant (valves, sealing components, etc.) likely released small-sized MPs due to the mechanical stress experienced during the treatment. The sub-micron fraction (0.45-1\u00a0\u03bcm) of the samples was also qualitatively explored, showing that nanoplastics (NPs) were present and that at least part hereof could be detected by \u03bcRaman.", "keywords": ["Social sciences (General)", "H1-99", "Q1-390", "Water quality", "Science (General)", "Microplastics", "Raman micro-spectroscopy", "Plastic pollution", "Drinking water", "Nanoplastics", "6. Clean water", "Research Article"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17113"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Heliyon", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17113", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17113", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17113"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.130383", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-15T16:16:36Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-01-05", "title": "Microplastics degradation through hydrothermal liquefaction of wastewater treatment sludge", "description": "Wastewater treatment plant sludge contains large quantities of microplastics (MPs), which is a problematic substance that impedes sustainability efforts, such as in land management. MPs are resilient to degradation, but extreme conditions, such as high temperature and pressure, can lead to residues that can be used as fertilizers on farmlands. Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) creates such conditions, converting sludge into valuable bio-crude. To this end, the current study examined the resilience of MPs in sewage sludge that were treated by continuous HTL operated at supercritical water conditions (400 \u25e6C, 30 MPa). MPs were extracted before and after the HTL process and quantified by Fourier Transformation Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Particles of 10\u2013500 \u03bcm were quantified using Focal Plane Array (FPA) based micro-FTIR (FPA-\u03bc-FTIR) imaging combined with an automated analysis of the generated spectral image, while Attenuated Total Reflection (ATR)-FTIR was used for MPs &gt;500 \u03bcm. The continuous HTL led to an MP reduction of approximately 76% in terms of MP number and 97% in terms of MP mass. The difference in reduction of the number of MPs versus their accumulated mass was the result of MPs being smaller after the HTL process. A total of 18 polymer types were detected in the sludge and slurry entering the continuous HTL while only 11 types were identified in the residual materials. No MPs were detected in the bio-crude, i.e. the most favorable product of the process. The polymer composition changed considerably as a result of the HTL process. Polyurethane, polypropylene, and polyethylene were the dominant polymers in the feedstock, while polypropylene and polyethylene were the most present in the residual products. The findings indicate that HTL can be efficient in reducing MPs in highly polluted sludge from wastewater treatment plants, leaving the byproducts and residuals significantly less polluted, hereby reducing the movement of MPs to the terrestrial environment. Thus the products are better suited for sustainability efforts than the raw material.", "keywords": ["Bio-crude", "Polymers", "Microplastics", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/clean_water_and_sanitation; name=SDG 6 - Clean Water and Sanitation", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/affordable_and_clean_energy; name=SDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "Sewage sludge", "Hydrothermal liquefaction", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.130383"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Cleaner%20Production", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.130383", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.130383", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.130383"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121711", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-15T16:16:39Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-11-17", "title": "Effects of plastic mulch film residues on wheat rhizosphere and soil properties", "description": "Plastic residues could accumulate in soils as a consequence of using plastic mulching, which results in a serious environmental concern for agroecosystems. As an alternative, biodegradable plastic films stand as promising products to minimize plastic debris accumulation and reduce soil pollution. However, the effects of residues from traditional and biodegradable plastic films on the soil-plant system are not well studied. In this study, we used a controlled pot experiment to investigate the effects of macro- and micro- sized residues of low-density polyethylene and biodegradable plastic mulch films on the rhizosphere bacterial communities, rhizosphere volatile profiles and soil chemical properties. Interestingly, we identified significant effects of biodegradable plastic residues on the rhizosphere bacterial communities and on the blend of volatiles emitted in the rhizosphere. For example, in treatments with biodegradable plastics, bacteria genera like Bacillus and Variovorax were present in higher relative abundances and volatile compounds like dodecanal were exclusively produced in treatment with biodegradable microplastics. Furthermore, significant differences in soil pH, electrical conductivity and C:N ratio were observed across treatments. Our study provides evidence for both biotic and abiotic impacts of plastic residues on the soil-plant system, suggesting the urgent need for more research examining their environmental impacts on agroecosystems.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Volatile Organic Compounds", "Bacteria", "Microplastics", "national", "Plan_S-Compliant_NO", "Biodegradable Plastics", "Biodegradable plastics", "01 natural sciences", "Rhizosphere microbiome", "Soil", "Polyethylene", "13. Climate action", "Rhizosphere", "Soil Pollutants", "Soil properties", "Volatile organic compounds", "Biomass", "Triticum", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121711"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Hazardous%20Materials", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121711", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121711", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121711"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.130765", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-15T16:16:39Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-01-09", "title": "Fragmentation and depolymerization of microplastics in the earthworm gut: A potential for microplastic bioremediation?", "description": "The accumulation of microplastics poses potential risks to soil health. Here, we did a preliminary exploration on the potential of Lumbricus terrestris (Oligochaeta) to reduce low-density polyethylene (LDPE), polylactic acid (PLA), and polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT) microplastic (20-648\u00a0\u00b5m) contamination in soils. The ingestion of microplastics-contaminated soil (1% of microplastics, dw/dw) in a mesocosm system and the ingestion of pure microplastics in the Petri Dish by earthworms were studied. Results show that earthworms survived in the microplastics-contaminated soil (0% mortality in 35 days) but barely when exposed solely to microplastics (30-80% mortality in 4 days). Size-dependent ingestion of microplastics was not observed. The fragmentation of LDPE microplastics in the gizzard facilitated by soil was confirmed by the significantly increased ratio of small-sized (20-113\u00a0\u00b5m) microplastics from the bulk soil to the gut (from 8.4% to 18.8%). PLA and PBAT microplastics were fragmented by gizzard without the facilitation of soil, the ratios of small-sized (20-113\u00a0\u00b5m) PLA and PBAT microplastics in the gut were 55.5% and 108.2% higher than in respective pristine distributions. Substantial depolymerization of PLA (weight-average molar mass reduced by 17.7% with shift in molecular weight distribution) and suspected depolymerization of PBAT were observed in the worm gut, while no change in the molar mass was observed for PLA and PBAT microplastics buried in the soil for 49 days. Our results suggest that ingested microplastics could undergo fragmentation and depolymerization (for certain polymers) in the earthworm gut. Further research is needed to reveal the mechanisms of polymer depolymerization in the earthworm gut and to evaluate the feasibility of microplastic bioremediation with earthworms.", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "ddc:550", "Microplastics", "Polyesters", "01 natural sciences", "Soil", "03 medical and health sciences", "Biodegradation", " Environmental", "Polyethylene", "Life Science", "Animals", "Soil Pollutants", "Oligochaeta", "Plastics", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.130765"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Hazardous%20Materials", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.130765", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.130765", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.130765"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135592", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-15T16:16:39Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-08-22", "title": "Microplastics originated from agricultural mulching films affect enchytraeid multigeneration reproduction and soil properties", "description": "Microplastics (MPs) are increasingly entering agricultural soils, often from the breakdown of agricultural plastics (e.g., mulching films). This study investigates the effects of realistic MPs from different mulching films: two conventional polyethylene (PE-1 and PE-2) and two biodegradable (starch-blended polybutylene adipate co-terephthalate; PBAT-BD-1 and PBAT-BD-2). MPs were mixed into Lufa 2.2 soil at a concentration range from 0.005\u00a0% to 5\u00a0% (w/w dry soil), wide enough to reflect both realistic environmental levels and 'worst-case scenarios'. Effects on Enchytraeus crypticus reproduction over two generations and six important soil properties were studied. PBAT MPs notably reduced enchytraeid reproduction in the F0 generation, with a maximum decrease of 35.5\u00a0\u00b1\u00a09.6\u00a0% at 0.5\u00a0% concentration. F1 generation was unaffected by PBAT contamination. PE MPs had a more substantial reproductive impact, with up to a 55.3\u00a0\u00b1\u00a09.7\u00a0% decrease at 5\u00a0% PE-1 concentration compared to the control, showing a dose-related effect except for 1\u00a0%. Both MP types also significantly affected soil water holding capacity, pH, and total carbon. Other soil properties remained unaffected. Our results highlight the potential negative impacts of MPs originating from real agricultural plastics on soil health and raise concerns about the role of agricultural plastics in sustainable agriculture and food safety.", "keywords": ["Soil invertebrates", "soil ecotoxicology", "Microplastics", "Polyesters", "Soil pH", "realistic soil pollution", "Agricultural plastics; Realistic soil pollution; Soil ecotoxicology; Soil invertebrates; Soil pH; water holding capacity; total carbon", "01 natural sciences", "soil pH", "Soil", "Soil Pollutants", "Animals", "Oligochaeta", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "total carbon", "Soil ecotoxicology", "Realistic soil pollution", "water holding capacity", "Reproduction", "Agriculture", "Starch", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "soil invertebrates", "Polyethylene", "Agricultural plastics", "agricultural plastics", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Plastics"], "contacts": [{"organization": "\u0160m\u00eddov\u00e1 Kl\u00e1ra, Selonen Salla, van Gestel Cornelis A. M., Fleissig Petr, Hofman Jakub,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135592"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Hazardous%20Materials", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135592", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135592", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135592"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.136013", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-15T16:16:39Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-10-10", "title": "Macro- and microplastics leachates: Characterization and impact on seed germination", "description": "Although plastic mulch enhances crop yield, its removal and disposal present significant challenges, contributing to macro- and microplastic pollution in agricultural soils. The adverse effects of this pollution on soil and plant health are not fully understood but may stem from the plastic particles or the toxicity of leached chemical additives. This study assessed the impact of macro- and microplastics from nondegradable LDPE-based (LDPEb) and biodegradable PBAT-based (PBATb) mulch films, along with their leachates, on the germination of three plant species. After seven days of incubation, PBAT mulch leached compounds that significantly inhibited Arabidopsis germination, while cotton and tomato exhibited notable tolerance. Notably, PBATb mulch released a higher concentration of compounds, whereas LDPEb mulch exhibited a greater diversity of leached chemicals. Microplastic particles alone did not hinder seed germination, indicating that plastic toxicity primarily arises from the leachates. Many of these leached compounds lack global regulation and hazard information, underscoring the urgent need for further investigation into their environmental impacts and the development of appropriate regulatory frameworks to mitigate the potential toxicity of chemicals from conventional and biodegradable mulches.", "keywords": ["ddc:550", "Microplastics", "Arabidopsis", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Germination", "02 engineering and technology", "01 natural sciences", "Solanum lycopersicum", "Seeds", "Life Science", "Soil Pollutants", "Plastics", "Water Pollutants", " Chemical", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Macan, Giovana P.F., Munhoz, Davi R., Willems, Leo A.J., Monkley, Charlie, Lloyd, Charlotte E.M., Hageman, Jos, Geissen, Violette, Landa, Blanca B., Harkes, Paula,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.136013"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Hazardous%20Materials", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.136013", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.136013", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.136013"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115795", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-15T16:16:42Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-11-25", "title": "Detecting small microplastics down to 1.3\u00a0\u03bcm using large area ATR-FTIR", "description": "Large area attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (LAATR-FTIR) is introduced as a novel technique for detecting small microplastics (MPs) down to 1.3\u00a0\u03bcm. Two different LAATR units, one with a zinc selenide (ZnSe) and one with a germanium (Ge) crystal, were used to detect reference MPs\u00a0<\u00a020\u00a0\u03bcm, and MPs in marine water samples, and compared with \u03bc-FTIR in transmission mode. The LAATR units performed well in identifying small MPs down to 1.3\u00a0\u03bcm. However, they were poorly suited for large MPs as uneven particle thickness resulted in uneven contact between crystal and particle, misinterpreting large MPs as many small MPs. However, for more homogeneous matrices, the technique was promising. Further assessment indicated that there was little difference in spectra quality between transmission mode and LAATR mode. All in all, while LAATR units struggle to substitute transmission mode, it provides additional information and valuable information on small MPs.", "keywords": ["Ge", "ZnSe", "Microplastics", "Spectroscopy", " Fourier Transform Infrared", "LAATR", "Plastics", "Spectroscopy", "Water Pollutants", " Chemical", "Environmental Monitoring"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115795"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Marine%20Pollution%20Bulletin", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115795", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115795", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115795"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.polymertesting.2025.108824", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-15T16:16:45Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-04-26", "title": "A cost-effective protocol for detecting fluorescent microplastics in arable soils to study redistribution processes", "description": "Understanding microplastics' (MPs) transport from soils to aquatic ecosystems is challenging due to labor-intensive detection methods, especially in large-scale plot experiments analyzing surface runoff and soil erosion. To address this, we used fluorescent MPs as tracers and developed a cost-effective protocol to detect them in dry soils and eroded sediments. We analyzed spherical polyethylene (PE: 125\u2013150\u00a0\u03bcm; 425\u2013500\u00a0\u03bcm) and irregular polylactic acid (PLA: 125\u2013150\u00a0\u03bcm; 250\u2013300\u00a0\u03bcm). Sample assays were prepared primarily based on dry and wet sieving. Subsequent darkroom photography under 365\u00a0nm illumination, and thresholding and segmentation-based image analysis were done. The developed protocol demonstrates high reliability, precision, and F-scores of 88.7\u00a0%\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02.9\u00a0%, 85.2\u00a0%\u00a0\u00b1\u00a03.1\u00a0%, and 86.9\u00a0%\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02.8\u00a0%. PE exhibited slightly higher recovery rates (85\u00a0%\u00a0\u00b1\u00a05\u00a0%) than PLA (79\u00a0%\u00a0\u00b1\u00a08\u00a0%). Particle size influenced recovery, with larger MPs achieving significantly higher recovery. Smaller particles showed slightly lower recovery under dry soil conditions, but their recovery improved under sediment conditions facilitated by wet sieving and ultrasonication. All fluorescent MPs retained >95\u00a0% detectability after three months of storage, highlighting marker temporal stability. Compared to existing methods, this protocol eliminates complex digestion steps, reduces costs, and ensures minimal contamination, providing a robust framework for MP transport studies. It offers potential for enhancement through advanced imaging and machine learning, enabling more efficient and accessible detection in environmental research.", "keywords": ["Soil", "Microplastic transport", "Identification", "TP1080-1185", "Sediment monitoring", "Polymers and polymer manufacture", "Surface runoff", "Fluorescence"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymertesting.2025.108824"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Polymer%20Testing", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.polymertesting.2025.108824", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.polymertesting.2025.108824", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.polymertesting.2025.108824"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.213", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-15T16:16:50Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-12-22", "title": "A simple method for the extraction and identification of light density microplastics from soil", "description": "This article introduces a simple and cost-saving method developed to extract, distinguish and quantify light density microplastics of polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) in soil. A floatation method using distilled water was used to extract the light density microplastics from soil samples. Microplastics and impurities were identified using a heating method (3-5s at 130\u00b0C). The number and size of particles were determined using a camera (Leica DFC 425) connected to a microscope (Leica wild M3C, Type S, simple light, 6.4\u00d7). Quantification of the microplastics was conducted using a developed model. Results showed that the floatation method was effective in extracting microplastics from soils, with recovery rates of approximately 90%. After being exposed to heat, the microplastics in the soil samples melted and were transformed into circular transparent particles while other impurities, such as organic matter and silicates were not changed by the heat. Regression analysis of microplastics weight and particle volume (a calculation based on image J software analysis) after heating showed the best fit (y=1.14x+0.46, R2=99%, p<0.001). Recovery rates based on the empirical model method were >80%. Results from field samples collected from North-western China prove that our method of repetitive floatation and heating can be used to extract, distinguish and quantify light density polyethylene microplastics in soils. Microplastics mass can be evaluated using the empirical model.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Identification", "Soil", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Extraction", "02 engineering and technology", "Light density polyethylene microplastics", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.213"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.213", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.213", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.213"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.229", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-15T16:16:51Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-07-20", "title": "Macro- and micro- plastics in soil-plant system: Effects of plastic mulch film residues on wheat (Triticum aestivum) growth", "description": "Plastic residues have become a serious environmental problem in the regions with intensive use of plastic mulching. Even though plastic mulch is widely used, the effects of macro- and micro- plastic residues on the soil-plant system and the agroecosystem are largely unknown. In this study, low density polyethylene and one type of starch-based biodegradable plastic mulch film were selected and used as examples of macro- and micro- sized plastic residues. A pot experiment was performed in a climate chamber to determine what effect mixing 1% concentration of residues of these plastics with sandy soil would have on wheat growth in the presence and absence of earthworms. The results showed that macro- and micro- plastic residues affected both above-ground and below-ground parts of the wheat plant during both vegetative and reproductive growth. The type of plastic mulch films used had a strong effect on wheat growth with the biodegradable plastic mulch showing stronger negative effects as compared to polyethylene. The presence of earthworms had an overall positive effect on the wheat growth and chiefly alleviated the impairments made by plastic residues.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Biodegradable mulch film", "Plastic residues", "Agroecosystem", "Microplastics", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Agriculture", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "Poaceae", "01 natural sciences", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "international", "Animals", "Soil Pollutants", "Plastics", "Triticum", "Plant growth", "Environmental Monitoring", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.229"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.229", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.229", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.229"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142653", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-15T16:16:52Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-10-01", "title": "Low density-microplastics detected in sheep faeces and soil: A case study from the intensive vegetable farming in Southeast Spain", "description": "<p>&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;One of the main sources of plastic pollution in agricultural fields is the plastic mulch used by farmers to improve crop production. The plastic mulch is often not removed completely from the fields after harvest. Over time, the plastic mulch that is left of the fields is broken down into smaller particles which are dispersed by the wind or runoff. In the Region of Murcia in Spain, plastic mulch is heavily used for intensive vegetable farming. After harvest, sheep are released into the fields to graze on the vegetable residues. The objective of the study was to assess the plastic contamination in agricultural soil in Spain and the ingestion of plastic by sheep. Therefore, three research questions were established: i) What is the plastic content in agricultural soils where plastic mulch is commonly used? ii) Do livestock ingest the microplastics found in the soil? iii) How much plastic could be transported by the livestock? To answer these questions, we sampled top soils (0&amp;amp;#8211;10&amp;amp;#160;cm) from 6 vegetable fields and collected sheep faeces from 5 different herds. The microplastic content was measured using density separation and visual identification. We found ~2&amp;amp;#160;&amp;amp;#215;&amp;amp;#160;10&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;3&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; particles&amp;amp;#8729;kg&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;amp;#8722;1&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; in the soil and ~10&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;3&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; particles&amp;amp;#8729;kg&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;amp;#8722;1&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; in the faeces. The data show that plastic particles were present in the soil and that livestock ingested them. After ingesting plastic from one field, the sheep can become a source of microplastic contamination as they graze on other farms or grasslands. The potential transport of microplastics due to a herd of 1000 sheep was estimated to be ~10&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;6&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; particles&amp;amp;#8729;ha&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;amp;#8722;1&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;&amp;amp;#8729;y&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;amp;#8722;1&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;. Further studies should focus on: assessing how much of the plastic found in faeces comes directly from plastic mulching, estimating the plastic degradation in the guts of sheep and understanding the potential effects of these plastic residues on the health of livestock.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Livestock", "Farms", "Sheep", "Plastic residues", "Microplastics", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Agriculture", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "Terrestrial food chain transfer", "01 natural sciences", "Feces", "Soil", "Spain", "Vegetables", "Animals", "Plastics", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142653"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142653", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142653", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142653"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150818", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-15T16:16:52Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-10-11", "title": "A review of the use of microplastics in reconstructing dated sedimentary archives", "description": "Buried microplastics (plastics, <5\u00a0mm) have been documented within the sediment column of both marine and lacustrine environments. However, the number of peer-review studies published on the subject remains limited and confidence in data reliability varies considerably. Here we critically review the state of the literature on microplastic loading inventories in dated sedimentary and soil profiles. We conclude that microplastics are being sequestered across a variety of sedimentary environments globally, at a seemingly increasing rate. However, microplastics are also readily mobilised both within depositional settings and the workplace. Microplastics are commonly reported from sediments dated to before the onset of plastic production and researcher-derived microplastics frequently contaminate samples. Additionally, the diversity of microplastic types and issues of constraining source points has so far hindered interpretation of depositional settings. Therefore, further research utilizing high quality data sets, greater levels of reporting transparency, and well-established methodologies from the geosciences will be required for any validation of microplastics as a sediment dating method or in quantifying temporally resolved microplastic loading inventories in sedimentary sinks with confidence.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Geologic Sediments", "550", "Anthropocene", " Microplastic", " Sediment", " Dating", " Critical review", "13. Climate action", "Microplastics", "500", "Reproducibility of Results", "Plastics", "01 natural sciences", "Water Pollutants", " Chemical", "Environmental Monitoring", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150818"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150818", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150818", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150818"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142516", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-15T16:16:52Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-09-24", "title": "Response of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) growth to soil contaminated with microplastics", "description": "Although concerns surrounding microplastics (MPs) in terrestrial ecosystems have been growing in recent years, little is known about the responses of plant growth to MPs pollution. Here, we conducted a pot experiment in a net house under natural condition by adding two types of MPs, low-density polyethylene (LDPE-MPs) and polylactic acid (PLA) mixed with poly-butylene-adipate-co-terephthalate (PBAT, Bio-MPs), to sandy soil at 5 doses (0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0%, 2.5% \u03c9/\u03c9 dry soil weight). The effects of LDPE-MPs and Bio-MPs on common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L) were tested. Compared to control (no MPs addition), LDPE-MPs showed no significant effects on shoot, root and fruit biomass while \u22651.0% LDPE-MPs showed significant higher specific root nodules (n\u00b7g-1 dry root biomass) and only 2.5% LDPE-MPs showed significant higher specific root length (cm\u00b7g-1 dry root biomass). 1.0% LDPE-MPs caused significant higher leaf area and 0.5% LDPE-MPs caused significant lower leaf relative chlorophyll content. For Bio-MPs treatment, compared to control, \u22651.5% Bio-MPs showed significant lower shoot and root biomass. \u22652.0% Bio-MPs showed significant lower leaf area and fruit biomass. All Bio-MPs treatments showed significant higher specific root length and specific root nodules as compared to control. The results of the current research show that both MPs induced the responses of common bean growth, and \u22651.5% Bio-MPs exerted stronger effects. Further studies of their ecological impacts on soil-plant systems are urgently needed.", "keywords": ["Phaseolus", "2. Zero hunger", "Microplastics", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "Biodegradable microplastics", "Soil-plant system", "Plastics", "Ecosystem", "Plant growth", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142516"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142516", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142516", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142516"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161211", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-15T16:16:53Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-01-10", "title": "Nano- and microplastics commonly cause adverse impacts on plants at environmentally relevant levels: A systematic review", "description": "Over the last years there has been significant research on the presence and effects of plastics in terrestrial systems. Here we summarize current research findings on the effects of nano- and microplastics (NMPs) on terrestrial plants, with the aim to determine patterns of response and sensitive endpoints. We conducted a systematic review (based on 78 studies) on the effects of NMPs on germination, plant growth and biochemical biomarkers. This review highlights that the majority of studies to date have used pristine polystyrene or polyethylene particles, either in a hydroponic or pot-plant setup. Based on these studies we found that effects on plants are widespread. We noted similar responses between and within monocots and dicots to NMPs, except for consistent lower germination seen in dicots exposed to NMPs. During early development, germination and root growth are more strongly affected compared to shoot growth. NMPs induced similar adverse growth effects on plant biomass and length in the most tested plant species (lettuce, wheat, corn, and rice) irrespective of the polymer type and size used. Moreover, biomarker responses were consistent across species; chlorophyll levels were commonly negatively affected, while stress indicators (e.g., ROS or free radicals) and stress respondents (e.g., antioxidant enzymes) were consistently upregulated. In addition, effects were commonly observed at environmentally relevant levels. These findings provide clear evidence that NMPs have wide-ranging impacts on plant performance. However, as most studies have been conducted under highly controlled conditions and with pristine plastics, there is an urgent need to test under more environmentally realistic conditions to ensure the lab-based studies can be extrapolated to the field.", "keywords": ["Microplastics", "Terrestrial plants", "Systematic review", "Germination", "Nanoplastics", "Biochemical stress", "Biomass", "Plants", "15. Life on land", "Seed germination", "Plastics", "Nano- and microplastic", "Plant growth"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://iris.cnr.it/bitstream/20.500.14243/458821/1/prod_478312-doc_195935.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161211"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161211", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161211", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161211"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164533", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-15T16:16:53Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-06-05", "title": "Agricultural plastics as a potential threat to food security, health, and environment through soil pollution by microplastics: Problem definition", "description": "The dynamic expansion of the Agricultural Plastics (AP) use has allowed for improved agricultural products quality, yields, and enhanced sustainability along with multiple benefits for the Agrifood sector. The present work investigates the relationship of AP characteristics, use and End-of-Life (EoL) practices with degradation and potential generation of micro-, nanoparticles (MNP) in soil. The composition, functionalities, and degradation behaviour of the contemporary conventional and biodegradable AP categories are systematically analysed. Their market dynamics are briefly presented. The risk and the conditions for the AP potential role in soil pollution and possible MNP generation are analysed based on a qualitative risk assessment approach. AP are classified from high to low-risk products with respect to their probability for soil contamination by MNP based on worst-best scenarios. Proposed alternative sustainable solutions to eliminate the risks are briefly presented for each AP category. Characteristic quantitative estimations of soil pollution by MNP generated by AP are presented for selected case studies reported in the literature. The significance of various indirect sources of agricultural soil pollution by MNP is analysed allowing for appropriate risk mitigation strategies and policies to be designed and implemented.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "Food Security", "Microplastics", "Biodegradable Plastics", "15. Life on land", "Environmental Pollution", "Plastics", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Briassoulis, Demetres", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164533"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164533", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164533", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164533"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166925", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-15T16:16:53Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-09-09", "title": "Micro- and nanoplastics in soil: Linking sources to damage on soil ecosystem services in life cycle assessment", "description": "Soil ecosystems are crucial for providing vital ecosystem services (ES), and are increasingly pressured by the intensification and expansion of human activities, leading to potentially harmful consequences for their related ES provision. Micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs), associated with releases from various human activities, have become prevalent in various soil ecosystems and pose a global threat. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), a tool for evaluating environmental performance of product and technology life cycles, has yet to adequately include MNPs-related damage to soil ES, owing to factors like uncertainties in MNPs environmental fate and ecotoxicological effects, and characterizing related damage on soil species loss, functional diversity, and ES. This study aims to address this gap by providing as a first step an overview of the current understanding of MNPs in soil ecosystems and proposing a conceptual approach to link MNPs impacts to soil ES damage. We find that MNPs pervade soil ecosystems worldwide, introduced through various pathways, including wastewater discharge, urban runoff, atmospheric deposition, and degradation of larger plastic debris. MNPs can inflict a range of ecotoxicity effects on soil species, including physical harm, chemical toxicity, and pollutants bioaccumulation. Methods to translate these impacts into damage on ES are under development and typically focus on discrete, yet not fully integrated aspects along the impact-to-damage pathway. We propose a conceptual framework for linking different MNPs effects on soil organisms to damage on soil species loss, functional diversity loss and loss of ES, and elaborate on each link. Proposed underlying approaches include the Threshold Indicator Taxa Analysis (TITAN) for translating ecotoxicological effects associated with MNPs into quantitative measures of soil species diversity damage; trait-based approaches for linking soil species loss to functional diversity loss; and ecological networks and Bayesian Belief Networks for linking functional diversity loss to soil ES damage. With the proposed conceptual framework, our study constitutes a starting point for including the characterization of MNPs-related damage on soil ES in LCA.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Damage modeling", "Life Cycle Stages", "Terrestrial ecology", "Soil organisms", "Pollution and contamination", "Microplastics", "Bayes Theorem", "15. Life on land", "/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/responsible_consumption_and_production; name=SDG 12 - Responsible Consumption and Production", "6. Clean water", "Soil sciences", "Soil", "/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/affordable_and_clean_energy; name=SDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy", "13. Climate action", "Soil health", "11. Sustainability", "Biodiversity loss", "Humans", "Animals", "Life cycle impact assessment", "Soil ecosystem", "Ecosystem"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166925"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166925", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166925", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166925"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165179", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-15T16:16:53Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-06-28", "title": "Intensive vegetable production under plastic mulch: A field study on soil plastic and pesticide residues and their effects on the soil microbiome", "description": "Intensive agriculture relies on external inputs to reach high productivity and profitability. Plastic mulch, mainly in the form of Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE), is widely used in agriculture to decrease evaporation, increase soil temperature and prevent weeds. The incomplete removal of LDPE mulch after use causes plastic contamination in agricultural soils. In conventional agriculture, the use of pesticides also leaves residues accumulating in soils. Thus, the objective of this study was to measure plastic and pesticide residues in agricultural soils and their effects on the soil microbiome. For this, we sampled soil (0-10\u00a0cm and 10-30\u00a0cm) from 18 parcels from 6 vegetable farms in SE Spain. The farms were under either organic or conventional management, where plastic mulch had been used for >25\u00a0years. We measured the macro- and micro-light density plastic debris contents, the pesticide residue levels, and a range of physiochemical properties. We also carried out DNA sequencing on the soil fungal and bacterial communities. Plastic debris (>100\u00a0\u03bcm) was found in all samples with an average number of 2\u00a0\u00d7\u00a0103\u00a0particles\u00a0kg-1 and area of 60\u00a0cm2\u00a0kg-1. We found 4-10 different pesticide residues in all conventional soils, for an average of 140\u00a0\u03bcg\u00a0kg-1. Overall, pesticide content was \u223c100 times lower in organic farms. The soil microbiomes were farm-specific and related to different soil physicochemical parameters and contaminants. Regarding contaminants, bacterial communities responded to the total pesticide residues, the fungicide Azoxystrobin and the insecticide Chlorantraniliprole as well as the plastic area. The fungicide Boscalid was the only contaminant to influence the fungal community. The wide spread of plastic and pesticide residues in agricultural soil and their effects on soil microbial communities may impact crop production and other environmental services. More studies are required to evaluate the total costs of intensive agriculture.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Plastic mulch", "Soil microbiome", "Microbiota", "Microplastic", "Pesticide Residues", "Pesticides residues", "Agriculture", "12. Garantizar modalidades de consumo y producci\u00f3n sostenibles", "15. Life on land", "Fungicides", " Industrial", "Edafolog\u00eda y Qu\u00edmica Agr\u00edcola", "Soil", "Intensive vegetable production", "13. Climate action", "Agriculture contamination", "Polyethylene", "Vegetables", "31 Ciencias Agrarias::3101 Agroqu\u00edmica", "Pesticides"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165179"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165179", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165179", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165179"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166513", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-15T16:16:53Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-08-23", "title": "Does microplastic analysis method affect our understanding of microplastics in the environment?", "description": "Two analytical methods - both in active use at different laboratories - were tested and compared against each other to investigate how the procedure influences microplastic (MP) detection with micro Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (\u03bcFTIR) imaging. A representative composite water sample collected from the Danube River was divided into 12 subsamples, and processed following two different methods, which differed in MP isolation procedures, the optical substrate utilized for the chemical imaging, and the detection limit of the spectroscopic instruments. The first instrument had a nominal pixel resolution of 5.5\u00a0\u03bcm, while the second had a nominal resolution of 25\u00a0\u03bcm. These two methods led to different MP abundance, MP mass estimates, but not MP characteristics. Only looking at MPs\u00a0>\u00a050\u00a0\u03bcm, the first method showed a higher MP abundance, namely 418-2571 MP m-3 with MP mass estimates of 703-1900\u00a0\u03bcg\u00a0m-3, while the second method yielded 16.7-72.1 MP m-3 with mass estimates of 222-439\u00a0\u03bcg\u00a0m-3. Looking deeper into the steps of the methods showed that the MP isolation procedure contributed slightly to the difference in the result. However, the variability between individual samples was larger than the difference caused by the methods. Somewhat sample-dependent, the use of two different substrates (zinc selenide windows versus Anodisc filters) caused a substantial difference between results. This was due to a higher tendency for particles to agglomerate on the Anodisc filters, and an 'IR-halo' around particles on ZnSe windows when scanning with \u03bcFTIR. Finally, the \u03bcFTIR settings and nominal resolution caused significant differences in identifying MP size and mass estimate, which showed that the smaller the pixel size, the more accurately the particle boundary can be defined. These findings contributed to explaining disagreements between studies and addressed the importance of harmonization of methods.", "keywords": ["Methodological approaches", "Microplastic isolation", "Comparisons", "13. Climate action", "Microplastics", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "FTIR analysis", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166513"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166513", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166513", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166513"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168395", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-15T16:16:53Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-11-18", "title": "Pesticide bioaccumulation in radish produced from soil contaminated with microplastics", "description": "The aging of microplastics (MPs) in soils may affect crop bioaccumulation of coexisting contaminants. We examined the bioaccumulation of pesticides (chlorpyrifos (CPF), difenoconazole (DIF) and their mixture) in radish (Raphanus sativus) planted in soils contaminated with MPs (low-density polyethylene or biodegradable MPs). The experiment was conducted with different contamination scenarios taking into account the use of aged MPs and pesticide mixtures. Radish root biomass was negatively affected in the scenarios with aged MPs. CPF bioaccumulation in radishes appears to be enhanced by the presence of MPs, especially aged MPs, and the pesticide mixture. The results show that food safety risks associated with the bioaccumulation of individual pesticides and their mixtures are increased in soils polluted by MPs, particularly MP after aging.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Crop biomass", "Pesticide residues", "Aged microplastics", "Microplastics", "Bioaccumulation", "6. Clean water", "Food safety", "Raphanus", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "Chlorpyrifos", "Pesticides", "Biodegradable microplastics", "Plastics"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168395"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168395", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168395", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168395"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173265", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-15T16:16:53Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-05-15", "title": "Comparing the impact of microplastics derived from a biodegradable and a conventional plastic mulch on plant performance", "description": "Agricultural lands have been identified as plastic sinks. One source is plastic mulches, which are a source of micro- and nano-sized plastics in agricultural soils. Because of their persistence, there is now a push towards developing biodegradable plastics, which are designed to undergo (partial) breakdown after entering the environment. Yet, limited research has investigated the impacts of both conventional and biodegradable plastics on distinct plants. Moreover, comparisons among studies are difficult due to differences in experimental design. This study directly compares the effects of artificially weathered conventional polyethylene (PE) and starch-based biodegradable polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT) on four food crops, including two monocots (barley, Hordeum vulgare, and wheat, Triticum aestivum L.) and two dicots (carrot, Daucus carota, and lettuce, Lactuca sativa L.). We investigated the effects of environmentally relevant low, medium, and high (0.01\u00a0%, 0.1\u00a0%, 1\u00a0% w/w) concentrations of PE and starch-PBAT blend on seed germination (acute toxicity), and subsequently on plant growth and chlorophyll through a pot-plant experiment (chronic toxicity). Germination of all species was not affected by both plastics. However, root length was reduced for lettuce and wheat seedlings. No other effects were recorded on monocots. We observed a reduction in shoot length and bud wet weight of carrot seedlings for the highest concentration of PE and starch-PBAT blend. Chronic exposure resulted in a significant decrease in shoot biomass of barley and lettuce. Additionally, a positive increase in the number of leaves of lettuce was observed for both plastics. Chlorophyll content was increased in lettuce when exposed to PE and starch-PBAT blend. Overall, adverse effects in dicots were more abundant than in monocots. Importantly, we found that the biodegradable plastic caused more commonly adverse effects on plants compared to conventional plastic, which was confirmed by a mini-review of studies directly comparing the impact of conventional and biodegradable microplastics.", "keywords": ["Microplastics", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "seed germination", "Germination", "Biodegradable Plastics", "02 engineering and technology", "myrkyllisyys", "01 natural sciences", "630", "maatalous", "Soil Pollutants", "Triticum", "agriculture", "Plant growth", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "mikromuovi", "580", "2. Zero hunger", "Toxicity", "kasvien kasvu", "Microplastic", "toxicity", "Agriculture", "Hordeum", "it\u00e4minen", "plant growth", "biodegradable plastic", "15. Life on land", "Biodegradable plastic", "Seed germination", "biohajoaminen", "6. Clean water", "Biodegradation", " Environmental", "microplastic", "Plastics"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173265"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173265", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173265", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173265"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174881", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-15T16:16:54Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-07-22", "title": "The time for ambitious action is now: Science-based recommendations for plastic chemicals to inform an effective global plastic treaty", "description": "Open AccessPublished by Elsevier Science, Amsterdam [u.a.]", "keywords": ["Faculty of Law", "330", "Human Rights", "United Nations", "[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "Microplastics", "International Cooperation", "/dk/atira/pure/core/keywords/TheFacultyOfLaw", "610", "Transparency", "PLASTIC CHEMICALS", "01 natural sciences", "12. Responsible consumption", "https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.5", "11. Sustainability", "Human rights", "Humans", "Microplastics", " Global plastic treaty", " Human rights", " Nanoplastics", " Source reduction", " Transparency", "/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/good_health_and_well_being; name=SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being", "https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1", "info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/610", "PLASTIC POLLUTION", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "MICROPLASTICS", "16. Peace & justice", "Global plastic treaty", "Environmental Policy", "3. Good health", "[SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "[SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "Source reduction", "13. Climate action", "Global Plastics Treaty", "Environmental Pollutants", "Nanoplastics", "[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "Environmental Pollution", "Plastics"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174881"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174881", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174881", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174881"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174697", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-15T16:16:54Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-07-15", "title": "The fate of post-use biodegradable PBAT-based mulch films buried in agricultural soil", "description": "The fate of black biodegradable mulch film (MF) based on starch and poly(butylene-adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) in agricultural soil is investigated herein. Pristine (BIO-0) and UV-aged film samples (BIO-A192) were buried for 16\u00a0months at an experimental field in southern Italy. Visual, physical, chemical, morphological, and mechanical analyses were carried out before and after samples burial. Film residues in the form of macro- and microplastics in soil were analyzed at the end of the trial. Progressive deterioration of both pristine and UV-aged samples, with surface loss and alterations in mechanical properties, occurred from 42\u00a0days of burial. After 478\u00a0days, the apparent surface of BIO-0 and BIO-A192 films decreased by 57\u00a0% and 66\u00a0%, respectively. Burial determined a rapid depletion of starch from the polymeric blend, especially for the BIO-A192, while the degradation of the polyester phase was slower. Upon burial, an enrichment of aromatic moieties of PBAT in the film residues was observed, as well as microplastics release to soil. The analysis of the MF degradation products extracted from soil (0.006-0.008\u00a0% by mass in the soil samples) revealed the predominant presence of adipate moieties. After 478\u00a0days of burial, about 23\u00a0% and 17\u00a0% of the initial amount of BIO-0 and BIO-A192, respectively, were extracted from the soil. This comprehensive study underscores the complexity of biodegradation phenomena that involve the new generation of mulch films in the field. The different biodegradability of the polymeric components, the climate, and the soil conditions that did not strictly meet the parameters required for the standard test method devised for MFs, have significantly influenced their degradation rate. This finding further emphasizes the importance of implementing field experiments to accurately assess the real effects of biodegradable MFs on soil health and overall agroecosystem sustainability.", "keywords": ["Polyesters", "Microplastics", "Biodegradable microplastic", "Agriculture", "Starch", "MALDI investigation", "Biodegradable Plastics", "Environmental impacts", "Plastic residues pollution", "630", "In-field degradation", "Soil", "Pyrolysis GC/MS identification", "Biodegradation", " Environmental", "Italy", "Soil Pollutants", "Biodegradable microplastics"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Convertino, Fabiana, Carroccio, Sabrina Carola, Cocca, Maria Cristina, Dattilo, Sandro, Dell'Acqua, Anna Chiara, Gargiulo, Luca, Nizzetto, Luca, Riccobene, Paolo Maria, Schettini, Evelia, Vox, Giuliano, Zannini, Domenico, Cerruti, Pierfrancesco,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://iris.cnr.it/bitstream/20.500.14243/513992/1/2024_The%20fate%20of%20post-use%20biodegradable%20PBAT-based%20mulch%20films%20buried%20in%20agricultural%20soil.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174697"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174697", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174697", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174697"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174325", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-15T16:16:53Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-06-26", "title": "Production and characterisation of environmentally relevant microplastic test materials derived from agricultural plastics", "description": "Soil environments across the globe, particularly in agricultural settings, have now been shown to be contaminated with microplastics. Agricultural plastics - such as mulching films - are used in close or direct contact with soils and there is growing evidence demonstrating that they represent a potential source of microplastics. There is a demand to undertake fate and effects studies to understand the behaviour and potential long-term ecological risks of this contamination. Yet, there is a lack of test materials available for this purpose. This study describes the manufacture and characterisation of five large (1-40\u00a0kg) batches of microplastic test materials derived from agricultural mulching films. Batches were produced from either polyethylene-based conventional mulching films or starch-polybutadiene adipate terephthalate blend mulching films that are certified biodegradable in soil. Challenges encountered and overcome during the micronisation process provide valuable insights into the future of microplastic test material generation from these material types. This includes difficulties in micronising virgin polyethylene film materials. All five batches were subjected to a thorough physical and chemical characterisation - both of the original virgin films and the subsequent microplastic particles generated - including a screening for the presence of chemical additives. This is a critical step to provide essential information for interpreting particle fate or effects in scientific testing. Trade-offs between obtaining preferred particle typologies and time and cost constraints are elucidated. Several recommendations emerging from the experiences gained in this study are put forward to advance the research field towards greater harmonisation and utilisation of environmentally relevant test materials.", "keywords": ["Cryomilling", "Mulching film", "Microplastic", "500", "Micronisation", "Reference material", "630", "Plastic additives"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://iris.cnr.it/bitstream/20.500.14243/514125/1/1-s2.0-S0048969724044735-main.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174325"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174325", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174325", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174325"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174667", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-15T16:16:54Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-07-10", "title": "Reproduction, growth and oxidative stress in earthworm Eisenia andrei exposed to conventional and biodegradable mulching film microplastics", "description": "Plastic contamination in agricultural soils has become increasingly evident. Plastic mulching films are widely used in agricultural practices. However, the increased use of biodegradable plastics has, to some extent, replaced their non-degradable counterparts. The fragmentation of plastics generates microplastics (MPs), posing risk to soil functions and organisms. In this study the effects of low-density polyethylene microplastics (PE-MP) and polybutylene adipate terephthalate biodegradable microplastics (PBAT-BD-MP) originating from mulching films on the earthworm Eisenia andrei were studied. The earthworms were exposed to seven concentrations (0, 0.005, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1, and 5\u00a0% w/w) based on environmentally relevant levels and worst-case scenarios on soil contamination. Survival, growth, reproduction, and biomarkers for oxidative stress [superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione (GSH), and lipid peroxidation (LPO)] were analysed. Additionally, the Integrated Biomarker Response Index (IBR) was calculated to assess the overall oxidative stress status of the earthworms. Results showed that PE-MP exposure slightly decreased the biomass of the earthworms towards higher concentrations, whereas PBAT-BD-MPs induced growth at lower concentrations. MPs did not have a significant effect on Eisenia andrei reproduction; however, a slight negative trend was observed in juvenile production with increasing PE-MP concentrations. Both PE-MP and PBAT-BD-MP affected antioxidant system, PE-MPs with changes in CAT and GR levels and PBAT-BD-MPs inducing effects on SOD and LPO levels. Additionally, both MPs exhibited effects on soil parameters, resulting in increased soil pH and water-holding capacity at 5\u00a0% concentration. Changes in soil parameters can further affect soil organisms such as earthworms. This study provides understanding of the ecotoxicological effects of conventional and biodegradable microplastics on the earthworm Eisenia andrei. It also shows that MP particles of both conventional and biodegradable mulching films induce oxidative stress, considered as an early-warning indicator for adverse ecological effects, in environmentally relevant concentrations.", "keywords": ["lierot", "soil ecotoxicology", "LDPE", "Microplastics", "School of Resource Wisdom", "maaper\u00e4biologia", "Biodegradable Plastics", "Resurssiviisausyhteis\u00f6", "maatalous", "Animals", "Soil Pollutants", "PBAT", "Oligochaeta", "oksidatiivinen stressi", "Glutathione Transferase", "mikromuovi", "2. Zero hunger", "maaper\u00e4", "agricultural soil", "Superoxide Dismutase", "Reproduction", "biodegradable plastic", "Catalase", "ymp\u00e4rist\u00f6kuormitus", "biohajoaminen", "environmental stress", "ekotoksikologia", "Oxidative Stress", "maaper\u00e4el\u00e4imist\u00f6", "muovi", "Polyethylene", "13. Climate action", "Lipid Peroxidation", "Biomarkers"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174667"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174667", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174667", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174667"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.176848", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-15T16:16:54Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-10-10", "title": "Quantitative tracking of nanoplastics along the food chain from lettuce (Lactuca sativa) to snails (Cantareus aspersus)", "description": "Terrestrial systems are a significant sink for plastic contamination, including nano- and microplastics (NMPs). To date, limited information is available about the transfer of NMPs up the food web via trophic transfer, however, concerns about this exposure pathway for invertebrates and higher-level organisms have been raised. We aim to examine and quantify the trophic transfer of europium doped polystyrene nanoplastics (Eu-PS; NPs) within a terrestrial food chain. The uptake of 100\u00a0nm spherical Eu-PS particles from water through the roots of the plants to the leaves and finally to garden snails (Cantareus aspersus) was assessed. Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) was cultivated in Hoagland solution spiked with different concentrations of Eu-PS (15, 150 and 1500\u00a0\u03bcg/L) for three weeks. Then, lettuce shoots were used as food for snails for 19\u00a0days at a rate of 1\u00a0g of shoots per day. The Eu-PS primarily accumulated in the lettuce roots for all treatments, with a limited transfer to the shoots (only quantifiable in the highest treatment; translocation factor: TF\u00a0<\u00a01). No detectable levels of Eu-PS were found in the snails' digestive gland; however, the Eu-PS particles were detected in their feces (trophic transfer factor: TFF\u00a0>\u00a01). Moreover, only limited effects were observed on lettuce biomass by NPs treatments. No effects of the Eu-PS particles on snails were observed, with the exception of a consistent decrease in the shell diameter. Overall, our research illustrates that NPs can be absorbed by plants through their roots, subsequently transported to the shoots. However, our findings show limited transfer of NPs into snail tissues, but direct excretion into their feces. We provide an important insight into the potential transfer within the human food chain.", "keywords": ["Food Chain", "Human food basket", "Microplastics", "Snails", "Uptake", "Animals", "Invertebrate", "Plant", "Plastics transfer", "Water Pollutants", " Chemical", "Lactuca", "Environmental Monitoring"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.176848"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.176848", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.176848", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.176848"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2024.109480", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-15T16:17:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-05-24", "title": "Microplastics exert minor influence on bacterial community succession during the aging of earthworm (Lumbricus terrestris) casts", "description": "The soil microbiome, which is shaped by gut-related activities of earthworms, is affected by microplastic contamination. However, the influence of microplastics on earthworm gut and cast microbiomes has been poorly explored. Here, we investigated the influence of microplastics (1% in soil, w/w) on soil physicochemical properties and bacterial communities during gut passage and cast aging of Lumbricus terrestris. Microplastics used in agricultural film production were selected, i.e., low density polyethylene, polylactic acid and polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT). Different niches, including pre-ingestion soil, gut content and aged casts (from 0 to 180 days), were studied. Results showed that microplastics possibly enhanced the gut passage-derived difference between pre-ingestion soil and fresh cast in terms of pH, ammonium, nitrate and nitrite, and dissolved organic carbon. But such effects mostly faded out after 180 days of aging. The composition, as well as the alpha and beta diversity of both the total (DNA) and active (RNA) bacterial communities were decisively shaped by their niche (R2: 0.22\u20130.63, p < 0.001, PERMANOVA), rather than the presence/absence or the types of MPs. Nevertheless, biomarkers indicative of PBAT treatment were identified, and functional prediction for the active community showed that bacterial communities of this treatment had higher potentials for hydrocarbon degradation (4.9\u20137.8 times that of the microplastic-free treatment in gut and aged casts). We also identified a \u201cSoil-related core community\u201d and a \u201cGut-related core community\u201d (contributing to 39.2%\u201350.2% of the cast microbiome), which possibly neutralized microplastic impacts and maintained the structure and function of bacterial communities during the soil\u2013gut\u2013cast transit. Our findings indicate that the tested microplastics exerted a minor influence on the bacterial communities during the cast aging process, microplastics in aged casts might not necessarily have significant additional influence on the soil microbiome when they are incorporated into soils. Future studies testing different soils, polymers, and earthworm species, under field conditions are recommended to help enhance current knowledge of the influence of microplastics on earthworm cast microbiomes.", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "03 medical and health sciences", "Active bacterial community", "Cast physicochemical properties", "Lumbricus terrestris", "Microplastics", "Earthworm gut content", "Cast aging", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2024.109480"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2024.109480", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2024.109480", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2024.109480"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.trac.2022.116670", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-15T16:17:19Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-03-22", "title": "Microplastics and Nanoplastics in Food, Water, and Beverages; Part I. Occurrence", "description": "In recent years, the presence of microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) has been assessed in several environmental matrices, including the marine environment and agricultural soil, suggesting those pollutants are likely to enter the food web. However, there is still a severe lack of information about the occurrence of plastic particles in our food, partially due to the multidimensionality of the data necessary to fully describe MP contamination and the consequent difficulty in validating analytical methods. In this review, consisting of two parts, preliminary results about the presence of MPs in food, water, and beverages are summarized (Part I) and several approaches for the characterization of micro- and nano-sized plastic particles are reported and discussed (Part II). The information gathered in this manuscript highlights the need for a more comprehensive knowledge of MP/NP occurrence along the food chain in order to assess the food safety risk related to those contaminants and implement strategies for their monitoring in products intended for human consumption. Therefore, an outlook of the field towards a coherent, consistent, and policy-relevant data collection and standardization is included in this review.", "keywords": ["Beverages", "2. Zero hunger", "Food", "13. Climate action", "Microplastics", "Validation", "Water", "Nanoplastics", "Analysis", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trac.2022.116670"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/SSRN%20Electronic%20Journal", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.trac.2022.116670", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.trac.2022.116670", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.trac.2022.116670"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Microplastic&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Microplastic&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "first", "title": "items (first)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Microplastic&", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "next", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (next)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Microplastic&offset=50", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 196, "numberReturned": 50, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-04-16T10:43:59.305823Z"}