{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.07.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:44Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-07-14", "title": "Agricultural Management Affects The Response Of Soil Bacterial Community Structure And Respiration To Water-Stress", "description": "Soil microorganisms are responsible for organic matter decomposition processes that regulate soil carbon storage and mineralisation to CO2. Climate change is predicted to increase the frequency of drought events, with uncertain consequences for soil microbial communities. In this study we tested the hypothesis that agricultural management used to enhance soil carbon stocks would increase the stability of microbial community structure and activity in response to water-stress. Soil was sampled from a long-term field trial with three soil carbon management systems and was used in a laboratory study of the effect of a dry\u2013wet cycle on organic C mineralisation and microbial community structure. After a drying\u2013rewetting event, soil microcosms were maintained wet and microbial community structure and abundance as well as microbial respiration were measured for four weeks. The results showed that the NO-TILL management system, with the highest soil organic matter content and respiration rate, had a distinct bacterial community structure relative to the conventional and the TILL without fertiliser systems. In all management systems, the rewetting event clearly modified microbial community structure and activity. Both returned to their pre-drought state after 28 days. However, the magnitude of variation of C mineralisation was lower (i.e. the resistance to stress was higher) in the NO-TILL system. The genetic structure of the NO-TILL bacterial communities was most modified by water-stress and exhibited a slower recovery rate. This suggests that land use management can increase microbial functional resistance to drought stress via the establishment of bacterial communities with particular metabolic capacities. Nevertheless, the resilience rates of C mineralisation were similar among management regimes, suggesting that similar mechanisms occur, maybe due to a common soil microbial community legacy.", "keywords": ["[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "570", "Agricultural land use", "[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]", "630", "Drying-rewetting", "FUNCTIONAL STABILITY", "[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology", "[SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology", "Drying\u2013rewetting", "NITROGEN MINERALIZATION", "Global change", "2. Zero hunger", "C mineralisation", "CLIMATE-CHANGE", "MICROBIAL COMMUNITY", "LAND-USE CHANGE", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "RESILIENCE", "15. Life on land", "DRYING-REWETTING FREQUENCY", "6. Clean water", "[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]", "ORGANIC-MATTER", "13. Climate action", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "Bacterial community structure", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "CATABOLIC DIVERSITY", "CARBON STOCKS", "Stability"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.07.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.07.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.07.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.07.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00374-005-0039-4", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:14:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-11-10", "title": "Effect Of The Exotic Invasive Plant Solidago Gigantea On Soil Phosphorus Status", "description": "Invasions by exotic plant species can modify biogeochemical cycles and soil properties. We tested whether invasion by early goldenrod (Solidago gigantea, Asteraceae) modifies soil phosphorus pools at three sites in Belgium. Aboveground phytomass and soil samples (0\u201310 cm) were collected in early goldenrod patches and in adjacent, uninvaded, grassland vegetation. Soil P fractions varied between the three sites in line with corresponding differences in organic matter, carbonate and clay contents. In addition to site-specific impacts, plots invaded by goldenrods generally had higher concentrations of labile P [i.e. resin-extractable inorganic P (Pi) and bicarbonate-extractable Pi and organic P]. Soil CO2 release and alkaline and acid phosphomonoesterase activities were also higher in invaded plots, suggesting that the increase in labile Pi was due to enhanced mineralization. Phosphorus uptake by vegetation was 1.7\u20132.1 times higher in invaded plots, mostly due to the higher annual yield of S. gigantea. Altogether, the results indicate that S. gigantea enhances P turnover rates in invaded ecosystems.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "ESPECE ALLOGENE", "SOL", "INVASION", "PHOSPHORE", "MINERALISATION", "INTRODUCTION D'ESPECES", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Sciences bio-m\u00e9dicales et agricoles", "PLANTE", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Sequential phosphorus fractionation", "Soil phosphorus availability", "[SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "AZOTE", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Early goldenrod", "Ecologie [v\u00e9g\u00e9tale]", "ESPECE ENVAHISSANTE", "Phosphomonoesterase activity", "Biological invasion"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-005-0039-4"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biology%20and%20Fertility%20of%20Soils", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00374-005-0039-4", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00374-005-0039-4", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00374-005-0039-4"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-11-10T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10533-018-0448-8", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:14:51Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-05-05", "title": "The biogeochemical consequences of litter transformation by insect herbivory in the Subarctic: a microcosm simulation experiment", "description": "Warming may increase the extent and intensity of insect defoliations within Arctic ecosystems. A thorough understanding of the implications of this for litter decomposition is essential to make predictions of soil-atmosphere carbon (C) feedbacks. Soil nitrogen (N) and C cycles naturally are interlinked, but we lack a detailed understanding of how insect herbivores impact these cycles. In a laboratory microcosm study, we investigated the growth responses of heterotrophic soil fungi and bacteria as well as C and N mineralisation to simulated defoliator outbreaks (frass addition), long-term increased insect herbivory (litter addition at higher background N-level) and non-outbreak conditions (litter addition only) in soils from a Subarctic birch forest. Larger amounts of the added organic matter were mineralised in the outbreak simulations compared to a normal year; yet, the fungal and bacterial growth rates and biomass were not significantly different. In the simulation of long-term increased herbivory, less litter C was respired per unit mineralised N (C:N of mineralisation decreased to 20\u2009\u00b1\u20091 from 38\u2009\u00b1\u20093 for pure litter), which suggests a directed microbial mining for N-rich substrates. This was accompanied by higher fungal dominance relative to bacteria and lower total microbial biomass. In conclusion, while a higher fraction of foliar C will be respired by insects and microbes during outbreak years, predicted long-term increases in herbivory linked to climate change may facilitate soil C-accumulation, as less foliar C is respired per unit mineralised N. Further work elucidating animal-plant-soil interactions is needed to improve model predictions of C-sink capacity in high latitude forest ecosystems.", "keywords": ["Ekologi", "0106 biological sciences", "Ecology", "herbivory", "Subarctic birch forest", "nitrogen mineralisation", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "soil respiration", "soil microbial ecology", "01 natural sciences", "biogeochemistry", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10533-018-0448-8.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-018-0448-8"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biogeochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10533-018-0448-8", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10533-018-0448-8", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10533-018-0448-8"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10705-015-9707-4", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:14:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-06-11", "title": "Inorganic Nitrogen Losses From Irrigated Maize Fields With Narrow Buffer Strips", "description": "Vegetated buffer strips (BS) can help prevent nitrogen (N) losses from fields by subsurface lateral flow, thus protecting water resources. The purpose of this study was to determine if narrow BS would effectively remove dissolved inorganic N from subsurface lateral flow. Nitrate\u2013N (NO3\u2013N) and ammonia\u2013N (NH3\u2013N) concentrations in subsurface lateral flow were measured at 1 m depth in a BS system consisting of five treatments: G: strip of grass (Fescue arundinacea); GS: strip of grass and line of native shrubs (Fuchsia magellanica); GST1: strip of grass, line of shrubs and line of native trees 1 (Luma chequen); GST2: strip of grass, line of shrubs and line of native trees 2 (Drimys winteri); and C: bare soil as control. Water samples for the NO3\u2013N and NH3\u2013N measurements were collected between June 2012 and August 2014 in observation wells located at the inlet (input) and outlet (output) of each treatment. The analyses showed that vegetated BS had NO3\u2013N removal efficiency ranging from 33 to 67 % (mean 52 %), with the G treatment showing the best performance in reducing NO3\u2013N concentrations in subsurface lateral flow. The BS treatments were not effective in reducing NH3\u2013N concentrations. The results suggested that N uptake by grass is the main process associated with the NO3\u2013N retention capacity of vegetated BS.", "keywords": ["N uptake: nonpoint source pollution", "Water quality", "Fescue", "N mineralisation", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Filter strip", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10705-015-9707-4"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Nutrient%20Cycling%20in%20Agroecosystems", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10705-015-9707-4", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10705-015-9707-4", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10705-015-9707-4"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-06-12T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11368-014-1002-5", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:21Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-11-14", "title": "Effect Of Biochar Addition On C Mineralisation And Soil Organic Matter Priming In Two Subsoil Horizons", "description": "The impact of biochar on subsoil organic carbon mineralisation has never been assessed despite its susceptibility to downward transport after soil amendment. In this study, we analysed the potential mineralisation of biochar and plant material as well as their effect on native soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition in subsoil horizons. We used 13C-labelled biochar and plant material to allow disentangling substrate mineralisation and priming effects. The substrates were added to two mountain subsoils under different land use and incubated for 1\u00a0year under optimum conditions. We analysed for physical parameters and C mineralisation in the two soils. Moreover, microbial communities were assessed by phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analyses. Our results indicated contrasting potential C mineralisation of subsoils under different land use probably related to sampling depth, contribution of stabilised organic matter compounds, carbon content as well as quality. In general, very low proportions of biochar were mineralised in the two soils as compared to plant material. The mineralisation of each of the added substrates (biochar and plant material) was slightly, but significantly different in the two soils. Native C mineralisation was much higher after plant material addition than after biochar addition. Subsoil type influenced the kind and magnitude of priming effects for both added substrates. Biochar mineralisation and its priming effects in subsoil are small as compared to uncharred plant litter. We suggest that substrate mineralization and priming effects induced on subsoil organic matter are dependent on the composition of the added substrate, as well as soil parameters rather than microbial community characteristics.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "[SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "mineralisation", "13. Climate action", "[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "subsoil", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "(13)C-labelled biochar", "priming", "630"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-014-1002-5"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Soils%20and%20Sediments", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11368-014-1002-5", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11368-014-1002-5", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11368-014-1002-5"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-11-06T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.05.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-06-19", "title": "Influence Of Organic And Mineral Amendments On Microbial Soil Properties And Processes", "description": "Abstract   Microbial diversity in soils is considered important for maintaining sustainability of agricultural production systems. However, the links between microbial diversity and ecosystem processes are not well understood. This study was designed to gain better understanding of the effects of short-term management practices on the microbial community and how changes in the microbial community affect key soil processes. The effects of different forms of nitrogen (N) on soil biology and N dynamics was determined in two soils with organic and conventional management histories that varied in soil microbial properties but had the same fertility. The soils were amended with equal amounts of N (100\u00a0kg\u00a0ha\u22121) in organic (lupin, Lupinus angustifolius L.) and mineral form (urea), respectively. Over a 91-day period, microbial biomass C and N, dehydrogenase enzyme activity, community structure of pseudomondas (sensu stricto), actinomycetes and \u03b1 proteobacteria (by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) following PCR amplification of 16S rDNA fragments) and N mineralisation were measured. Lupin amendment resulted in a two- to five-fold increase in microbial biomass and enzyme activity, while these parameters did not differ significantly between the urea and control treatments. The PCR\u2013DGGE analysis showed that the addition of mineral and organic compounds had an influence on the microbial community composition in the short term (up to 10 days) but the effects were not sustained over the 91-day incubation period. Microbial community structure was strongly influenced by the presence or lack of substrate, while the type of amendment (organic or mineral) had an effect on microbial biomass size and activity. These findings show that the addition of green manures improved soil biology by increasing microbial biomass and activity irrespective of management history, that no direct relationship existed among microbial structure, enzyme activity and N mineralisation, and that microbial community structure (by PCR\u2013DGGE) was more strongly influenced by inherent soil and environmental factors than by short-term management practices.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "570", "ANZSRC::31 Biological sciences", "nitrogen mineralisation", "urea", "ANZSRC::30 Agricultural", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "630", "6. Clean water", "lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) green manure", "Marsden::300102 Soil biology", "veterinary and food sciences", "microbial community structure", "13. Climate action", "ANZSRC::41 Environmental sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "DGGE", "organic and conventional farming practices"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.05.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.05.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.05.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.05.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.02.054", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-03-16", "title": "Pyrolysing Poultry Litter Reduces N2o And Co2 Fluxes", "description": "Application of poultry litter (PL) to soil can lead to substantial nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions due to the co-application of labile carbon (C) and nitrogen (N). Slow pyrolysis of PL to produce biochar may mitigate N2O emissions from this source, whilst still providing agronomic benefits. In a corn crop on ferrosol with similarly matched available N inputs of ca. 116 kg N/ha, PL-biochar plus urea emitted significantly less N2O (1.5 kg N2O-N/ha) compared to raw PL at 4.9 kg N2O-N/ha. Urea amendment without the PL-biochar emitted 1.2 kg N2O-N/ha, and the PL-biochar alone emitted only 0.35 kg N2O-N/ha. Both PL and PL-biochar resulted in similar corn yields and total N uptake which was significantly greater than for urea alone. Using stable isotope methodology, the majority (~80%) of N2O emissions were shown to be from non-urea sources. Amendment with raw PL significantly increased C mineralisation and the quantity of permanganate oxidisable organic C. The low molar H/C (0.49) and O/C (0.16) ratios of the PL-biochar suggest its higher stability in soil than raw PL. The PL-biochar also had higher P and K fertiliser value than raw PL. This study suggests that PL-biochar is a valuable soil amendment with the potential to significantly reduce emissions of soil greenhouse gases compared to the raw product. Contrary to other studies, PL-biochar incorporated to 100mm did not reduce N2O emissions from surface applied urea, which suggests that further field evaluation of biochar impacts, and methods of application of both biochar and fertiliser, are needed.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Biochar", "C mineralisation", "Ferrosol", "Nitrous oxide", "Poultry litter", "550", "13. Climate action", "Crop productivity", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "7. Clean energy", "630"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.02.054"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.02.054", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.02.054", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.02.054"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.06.023", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:36Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-07-28", "title": "Effects Of Elevated Co2 Concentration On Rhizodeposition From Lolium Perenne Grown On Soil Exposed To 9 Years Of Co2 Enrichment", "description": "Abstract   The effects of enriched CO 2  atmosphere on partitioning of recently assimilated carbon were investigated in a plant-soil-microorganism system in which  Lolium perenne  seedlings were planted into cores inserted into the resident soil within a sward that had been treated with elevated CO 2  for 9 consecutive years, under two N fertilisation levels (Swiss FACE experiment). The planted cores were excavated from the ambient (35\u00a0Pa pCO 2 ) and enriched (60\u00a0Pa pCO 2 ) rings at two dates, in spring and autumn, during the growing season. The cores were brought back to the laboratory for  14 C labelling of shoots in order to trace the transfer of recently assimilated C both within the plant and to the soil and microbial biomass. At the spring sampling, high N supply stimulated shoot and total dry matter production. Consistently, high N enhanced the allocation of recently fixed C to shoots, and reduced it to belowground compartments. Elevated CO 2  had no consequences for DM or the pattern of C allocation. At the autumn sampling, at high N plot, yield of  L. perenne  was stimulated by elevated CO 2 . Consistently,  14 C was preferentially allocated aboveground and, consequently belowground recent C allocation was depressed and rhizodeposition reduced. At both experimental periods, total soil C content was similar in all treatments, providing no evidence for soil carbon sequestration in the Swiss Free Air CO 2  Enrichment experiment (FACE) after 9 years of enrichment. Recently assimilated C and soil C were mineralised faster in soils from enriched rings, suggesting a CO 2 -induced shift in the microbial biomass characteristics (structure, diversity, activity) and/or in the quality of the root-released organic compounds.", "keywords": ["580", "RHIZODEPOSITION", "0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "RAY GRASS ANGLAIS", "MINERALISATION", "RHIZOSPHERE RESPIRATION", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "[SDV.SA.SDS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "MICROBIAL BIOMASSE", "CARBON SEQUESTRATION", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "ELEVATED CO2", "[SDV.SA.SDS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "NITROGEN FERTILISATION"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.06.023"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.06.023", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.06.023", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.06.023"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.11.012", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-11-29", "title": "Biochar Suppresses N2o Emissions While Maintaining N Availability In A Sandy Loam Soil", "description": "Nitrous oxide (N2O) from agricultural soil is a significant source of greenhouse gas emissions. Biochar amendment can contribute to climate change mitigation by suppressing emissions of N2O from soil, although the mechanisms underlying this effect are poorly understood. We investigated the effect of biochar on soil N2O emissions and N cycling processes by quantifying soil N immobilisation, denitrification, nitrification and mineralisation rates using 15N pool dilution techniques and the FLUAZ numerical calculation model. We then examined whether biochar amendment affected N2O emissions and the availability and transformations of N in soils.    Our results show that biochar suppressed cumulative soil N2O production by 91% in near-saturated, fertilised soils. Cumulative denitrification was reduced by 37%, which accounted for 85\u201395 % of soil N2O emissions. We also found that physical/chemical and biological ammonium (NH4+) immobilisation increased with biochar amendment but that nitrate (NO3\u2212) immobilisation decreased. We concluded that this immobilisation was insignificant compared to total soil inorganic N content. In contrast, soil N mineralisation significantly increased by 269% and nitrification by 34% in biochar-amended soil.    These findings demonstrate that biochar amendment did not limit inorganic N availability to nitrifiers and denitrifiers, therefore limitations in soil NH4+ and NO3\u2212 supply cannot explain the suppression of N2O emissions. These results support the concept that biochar application to soil could significantly mitigate agricultural N2O emissions through altering N transformations, and underpin efforts to develop climate-friendly agricultural management techniques.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Nitrous oxide", "denitrification", "mineralisation", "nitrous oxide", "Mineralisation", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Nitrate", "Nitrification", "01 natural sciences", "nitrification", "6. Clean water", "ammonium", "Biochar", "immobilisation", "nitrate", "13. Climate action", "8. Economic growth", "Denitrification", "Immobilisation", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "biochar", "Ammonium", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.11.012"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.11.012", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.11.012", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.11.012"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2015.10.008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:47Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-11-10", "title": "Evidence For Denitrification As Main Source Of N2o Emission From Residue-Amended Soil", "description": "Catch crops, especially leguminous catch crops, may increase crop nitrogen (N) supply and decrease environmental impacts in cropping systems, but they may also stimulate nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions following spring incorporation. In this 28-day laboratory incubation study, we examined the carbon (C) and N dynamics and N2O evolution after simulated incorporation of residues from three catch crop species into a loamy sand soil, with variable soil moisture (40, 50 or 60% water-filled pore space (WFPS)). The catch crops include two leguminous (red clover and winter vetch) and one non-leguminous species (ryegrass). Plant material was placed in a discrete layer surrounded by soil in which the nitrate (NO3\u2212) pool was enriched with 15N to distinguish N2O derived from denitrification and nitrification. Net N mineralisation from leguminous catch crops was significant (30\u201348\u00a0mg\u00a0N\u00a0kg\u22121 soil, accounting for 41\u201356% of the added residue-N), whereas ryegrass incorporation resulted in net N immobilisation. The evolution of N2O was probably enhanced by N release from the residues, especially during the second week, which can explain the lower N2O evolution after application of ryegrass. Emission of N2O occurred at all moisture levels, but was higher at 50 and 60% WFPS than at 40% in soil with leguminous residues. The 15N enrichment of N2O indicated that denitrification was the dominant source independent of moisture level and residue type. We conclude that catch crop residues will stimulate N2O emissions via denitrification over a wide range of soil moisture conditions, but that emission levels may depend significantly on residue quality and soil moisture.", "keywords": ["Leguminous cover crop", "2. Zero hunger", "Nitrous oxide", "15N labelling", "Nutrient turnover", "Mineralisation", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "incubation", "15. Life on land", "Air and water emissions", "Pasture and forage crops", "Crop combinations and interactions", "13. Climate action", "Farm nutrient management", "Denitrification", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Incubation"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2015.10.008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2015.10.008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2015.10.008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2015.10.008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1023/a:1004233920896", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:18:19Z", "type": "Journal Article", "description": "The effect of elevated CO2 on the carbon and nitrogen distribution within perennial ryegrass (L. perenne L.) and its influence on belowground processes were investigated. Plants were homogeneously 14C-labelled in two ESPAS growth chambers in a continuous 14C-CO2 atmosphere of 350 and 700 \u03bcL L-1 CO2 and at two soil nitrogen regimes, in order to follow the carbon flow through all plant and soil compartments. After 79 days, elevated CO2 increased the total carbon uptake by 41 and 21% at low (LN) and high nitrogen (HN) fertilisation, respectively. Shoot growth remained unaffected, whereas CO2 enrichment stimulated root growth by 46% and the root/soil respiration by 111%, irrespective of the nitrogen concentration. The total 14C-soil content increased by 101 and 28% at LN and HN, respectively. The decomposition of the native soil organic matter was not affected either by CO2 or by the nitrogen treatment. Elevated CO2 did not change the total nitrogen uptake of the plant either at LN or at HN. Both at LN and HN elevated CO2 significantly increased the total amount of nitrogen taken up by the roots and decreased the absolute and relative amounts translocated to the shoots. The amount of soil nitrogen immobilised by micro-organisms and the size of the soil microbial biomass were not affected by elevated CO2, whereas both were significantly increased at the higher soil N content. Most striking was the 88% increase in net carbon input into the soil expressed as: 14C-roots plus total 14C-soil content minus the 12C-carbon released by decomposition of native soil organic matter. The net carbon input into the soil at ambient CO2 corresponded with 841 and 1662 kg ha-1 at LN and HN, respectively. Elevated CO2 increased these amounts with an extra carbon input of 950 and 1056 kg ha-1. Combined with a reduced decomposition rate of plant material grown at elevated CO2 this will probably lead to carbon storage in grassland soils resulting in a negative feed back on the increasing CO2 concentration of the atmosphere.", "keywords": ["Nitrogen partitioning", "Lolium perenne", "Mineralisation", "Soil carbon dynamics", "Microbial biomass", "Elevated CO2", "Carbon partitioning"], "contacts": [{"organization": "van Ginkel, J.H., Gorissen, A., van Veen, J.A.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1004233920896"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1023/a:1004233920896", "name": "item", "description": "10.1023/a:1004233920896", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1023/a:1004233920896"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1997-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1023/a:1009838618133", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:18:22Z", "type": "Journal Article", "description": "The decomposition of oilseed rape residues of differentquality and its effects on the mineral N dynamics of the soil in the period between crops were studied in situ. The residues studied were obtained by growing an oilseed rape crop at two levels of N fertilisation, 0 and 270 kg N ha\u22121. The study was carried out using two types of experiment: \ufb01eld plots and cylinders \ufb01lled with disturbed soil and inserted into the soil. The decomposition of the residues was followed using an approach involving the dynamics of both carbon and nitrogen, the parameters measured being the CO2 emitted from the soil, the soil mineral N content, the C present in soluble form or in the form of microbial biomass, and the C and N present in the form of plant residues. The two residues studied, of similar biochemical composition, and differing only in their N content, were rapidly mineralised: approximately 50% of the carbon in the residues was decomposed during the \ufb01rst two months following incorporation into the soil. The carbon mineralised in the form of CO2 was largely related to the C present in the residues, no relationship having been found with the C present in soluble form or in the form of microbial biomass. Calculation of net N mineralisation from the residues using a model of mineralisation and leaching has provided evidence of an immobilisation phase for soil mineral N, during the \ufb01rst steps of residues decomposition. Labelling the high-N residues with 15N has moreover enabled us to demonstrate the low availability of the organic N from this residue, 20.8% of the organic N being mineralised in the course of 18 months of experimentation. Eventually, only the highest-N content residue resulted in a mineral N surplus in the soil, equivalent to 9 kg N ha\u22121, by comparison with the control soil. Finally, this study has provided good evidence of the complementarity between the two experimental methods. The cylinders of disturbed soil gave a precise measurement of the decomposition of the residues, especially by means of monitoring soil respiration. The \ufb01eld plots were used to monitor the dynamics of soil mineral N which were calculated with the aid of a mathematical model of mineralisation and leaching of nitrogen in the presence and absence of residues.", "keywords": ["[SDV.SA.AGRO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomy", "[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "decomposition", "Agronomie", "[SDV.SA.AGRO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomy", "Brassica napus L.", "[SDV.SA.SDS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "N immobilisation", "630", "modelling", "Brassica napus L", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "N mineralisation", "Teneur en eau du sol", "plant residues", "[SDV.SA.SDS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1009838618133"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Nutrient%20Cycling%20in%20Agroecosystems", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1023/a:1009838618133", "name": "item", "description": "10.1023/a:1009838618133", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1023/a:1009838618133"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2000-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1078/0031-4056-00268", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:19:11Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-08-18", "title": "Effects Of Earthworm Inoculation On Soil Organic Matter Dynamics Of A Cultivated Ultisol", "description": "In Peruvian Amazonia, cropping techniques manipulating the biological processes of soil fertility have been tested to increase productivity and sustainability of crops. Special attention was paid to earthworms since theircommunities are dominant in natural ecosystems and severely depleted in cultivated soils, and also because their populations can be manipulated. The objective of this work was to evaluate the impact of the endogeic earthworm Pontoscolex corethrurus on soil organic matter dynamics, by comparing treatments with and without earthworms. Carbon dynamics is described using particle-size fractionation and in situ natural isotopic labelling (carbon 13) obtained by shift of C3 to C4 vegetation. After 6 years of maize cultivation, the organic carbon stock of the 0-10 cm layer decreased respectively by 4 and 27 % in the control and the earthworm inoculated treatments. For the inoculated treatment this decrease mainly occurred in the large particle size (plant residues) Seventy % of the carbon derived from forest was lost during 6 years in the 2000-200 pm fractions in the inoculated treatment and 19 % in the control. However, the incorporation of carbon derived from maize in soil, especially in the large particle fractions (> 50 \u03bcm), was lower in the earthworm inoculated treatment. Accordingly, the proportions of carbon derived from forest and from maize were the same in the two treatments. Thus, the main effect of earthworm inoculation was a more important mineralisation of the carbon derived from forest and maize, especially in the large particle size fractions (> 50 \u03bcm).", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "MAIS", "FORET", "SOL CULTIVE", "MATIERE ORGANIQUE", "MINERALISATION", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "ANALYSE ISOTOPIQUE", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "INOCULATION", "15. Life on land", "LOMBRIC", "CARBONE ORGANIQUE"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1078/0031-4056-00268"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Pedobiologia", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1078/0031-4056-00268", "name": "item", "description": "10.1078/0031-4056-00268", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1078/0031-4056-00268"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2003-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2989/shfj.2007.69.2.4.289", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:22:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-11-05", "title": "Soil Fertility And Growth Of Eucalyptus Grandis In Brazil Under Different Residue Management Practices", "description": "Silvicultural operations such as soil preparation, logging residue management and application of fertilisers can influence soil fertility, and hence nutrient uptake and tree growth. This paper reports the effect of site management practices of minimum and intensive cultivation of the soil on the growth of a stand of Eucalyptus grandis and soil fertility. The experimental site is a commercial plantation in the Itatinga district, S\u00e3o Paulo State, Brazil. This site was originally covered by climax vegetation known as \u2018Cerrado ' (savanna) which is characterised by seasonal soil water deficits and very low soil fertility. The effects of complete harvest residue removal, residue retention and residue burning were assessed in a randomised block experiment. The highest productivities were obtained where the residues were retained or burned and the lowest where all the residues (slash, litter and bark) were removed. These results highlight the temporary but large release of nutrients due to burning and the effect of forest residues on tree growth. Temporary variations in organic C and N contents, exchangeable cation contents and pH were found only in the 0\u20135cm soil layer, except for the burned residue treatment where variations in the layer beneath (5\u201310cm) were also found. No modification of soil properties was found in the 10\u201320cm layer. It was found that burning resulted in the loss of 82% of biomass, 86% of N, 60% of P, 49% of K, 11% of Ca, 29% of Mg and 84% of S. Exchangeable K initially increased up to 0.8 years after harvesting and later decreased. Over a 21-month period, the largest rates of N mineralisation were found in the standing crop treatment (77kg ha\u20131 of N), followed by the treatment where the residues were retained with minimum disturbance of the site (58kg ha\u20131 of N). The removal or burning of the residues inhibited the N mineralisation with values of 45 and 28kg ha\u20131 of N respectively, recorded in these treatments. The different residue management treatments resulted in pronounced effects on the growth of E. grandis.Southern Hemisphere Forestry Journal 2007, 69(2): 95\u2013102", "keywords": ["burning", " nitrogen mineralisation", " residue management", " site preparation", " soil cultivation", "2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2989/shfj.2007.69.2.4.289"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Southern%20Hemisphere%20Forestry%20Journal", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2989/shfj.2007.69.2.4.289", "name": "item", "description": "10.2989/shfj.2007.69.2.4.289", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2989/shfj.2007.69.2.4.289"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.4314/acsj.v11i4.27579", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:23:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-11-23", "description": "The effectiveness in increasing N recovery by maize (Zea mays L.) of N fertiliser (0, 60, 120 kg N ha-1 annum-1) and aerobically composted cattle manure (0, 12.5 Mg ha-1 annum-1 or 37.5 Mg ha-1 applied only in the first year) was determined when the two N sources were applied separately or in combination. A field experiment was established on a moderately leached sandy loam soil (Typic Kandiustalf) over three seasons, and N uptake was determined fortnightly from 4 weeks after planting (WAP) until harvest. Net N recovery during plant growth increased with N application rate (up to 90 kg N ha-1 in first season and up to 60 kg N ha-1 in second and third seasons). Net N recovery from manure during the growing period was relatively poor. There was no net recovery (up to 12 WAP) from annual application of manure during the first season and from first year application of the large rate of manure in the second season. Combined application of manure and N fertiliser increased net N recovery in all growing seasons (up to 120 kg N ha-1) above that achieved by separate applications of both N sources. There was a manure by N fertiliser interaction that enhanced N recovery, in two treatment combinations during the first season (low manure rate) and in the second season, and this was attributed to some non-N nutrient effects of the manure. Highest percentage increases in total N recovery at harvesting were observed when manure was combined with the low N fertiliser rate (60 kg N ha-1) (av. 58% in first season, 63% in third season) and limited further increases were recorded when the N fertiliser rate was doubled (120 kg N ha-1) (av. 15% in first season, 32% in third season). It was concluded that aerobically composted cattle manure from the smallholder farming areas of Zimbabwe was a poor source of N for maize growth in the short-term, even at high application rates. Combined application of manure with judicious use of N fertiliser can be positively exploited by smallholder farmers in Zimbabwe and other countries of sub-Saharan Africa, to increase yields through enhanced efficiency of use of scarce nutrient resources. Key Words: Aerobic composting, N mineralisation, N recovery, Zea mays R\u00c9SUM\u00c9 L'efficacit\u00e9 dans l'augmentation de N du r\u00e9tablissement du ma\u00bfs (Zea mays L.) de fertilisant N (0, 60, 120 kg N ha-1 annum-1) et le fumier de vache a\u00e9robicallement compost\u00e9 (0, 12,5 Mg ha-1 appliqu\u00e9 seulement en premi\u00e8re ann\u00e9e) \u00e9tait d\u00e9termin\u00e9e quand les deux sources de N \u00e9taient appliqu\u00e9es s\u00e9par\u00e9ment ou en combinaison. Une exp\u00e9rience sur le terrain \u00e9tait \u00e9tablie sur un filtre de terre de sol sable (Typic Kandiustalf) au del\u00e0 de trois saisons, et la consommation de N \u00e9tait d\u00e9termin\u00e9e bimensuellement \u00e1 partir de quatre semaines apr\u00e8s la plantation (WAP) jusqu'\u00e0 la r\u00e9colte. Le r\u00e9tablissement net de N pendant la croissance de la plante a augment\u00e9 avec le taux d'application de N (jusqu'\u00e0 90 kg N ha-1 en premi\u00e8re saison et jusqu'\u00e0 60 kg N ha-1 en seconde et troisi\u00e8me saisons). Le r\u00e9tablissement net de N \u00e1 partir du fumier durant la p\u00e9riode de croissance \u00e9tait relativement pauvre. Il n'y avait pas r\u00e9tablissement (jusqu'\u00e0 12 WAP)\u00e1 partir de l'application annuelle durant la premi\u00e8re saison et \u00e1 partir de la premi\u00e8re ann\u00e9e d'application du large taux de fumier dans la seconde saison. L'application combin\u00e9e du fumier et du fertilisant N a augment\u00e9 le r\u00e9tablissement net dans toutes les saisons de croissance (jusqu'\u00e0 120 kg N ha-1) au del\u00e0 de celui accomplit par les applications s\u00e9par\u00e9es de deux sources de N. Il y avait un fumier par l'interaction du fertilisant N qui a am\u00e9lior\u00e9 le r\u00e9tablissement de N, dans deux combinaisons de traitement pendant la premi\u00e8re saison (faible taux de fumier) et dans la seconde saison, et ceci \u00e9tait attribu\u00e9 aux non effets des substances N du fumier. Les augmentations \u00e9lev\u00e9es du pourcentage dans le r\u00e9tablissement total de N \u00e1 la r\u00e9colte \u00e9taient observ\u00e9es quand le fumier \u00e9tait combin\u00e9 avec le faible taux de fertilisant N (60 kg N ha-1) (av. 58% en premi\u00e8re saison, 63% en troisi\u00e8me saison) et davantage augmentations \u00e9taient enregistr\u00e9es quand le taux de fertilisant \u00e9tait doubl\u00e9 (120 kg N ha-1) (av. 15% en premi\u00e8re saison, 32% en troisi\u00e8me saison). Il \u00e9tait conclu que le fumier de vache a\u00e9robicallement compost\u00e9 des fermiers des petites surfaces du Zimbabwe \u00e9tait une pauvre source de N pour la croissance de ma\u00bfs \u00e0 court terme, m\u00eame aux taux d'application \u00e9lev\u00e9s. L'application combin\u00e9e du fumier avec un usage judicieux du fertilisant N peut \u00eatre positivement exploit\u00e9e par les petits fermiers au Zimbabwe et autres pays de l'Afrique sub-Saharienne, pour augmenter les rendements \u00e0 travers l'efficacit\u00e9 am\u00e9lior\u00e9e de l'usage des rares ressources des substances. Mots Cl\u00e9s: Compost a\u00e9robic, min\u00e9ralisation de N, r\u00e9tablissement de N, Zea mays African Crop Science Journal Vol.11(4) 2003: 289-300", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "r\u00e9tablissement de N", "Compost a\u00e9robic", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Zea mays", "min\u00e9ralisation de N", "01 natural sciences", "N mineralisation", "N recovery", "Life Science", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Aerobic composting", " N mineralisation", " N recovery", " Zea mays", "Aerobic composting"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Nyamangara, J., Piha, M.I., Giller, K.E.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.4314/acsj.v11i4.27579"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/African%20Crop%20Science%20Journal", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.4314/acsj.v11i4.27579", "name": "item", "description": "10.4314/acsj.v11i4.27579", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.4314/acsj.v11i4.27579"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-04-16T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2318/2070051", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:28:02Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-03-14", "title": "Factors influencing nitrogen derived from soil organic matter mineralisation: Results from a long-term experiment", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Mineralised nitrogen (N) from soil organic matter (SOM) is a crucial source of N for both natural ecosystems and agroecosystems. Therefore, accurate estimation of the amount of N available to crops from SOM mineralisation is necessary to correctly manage N addition. For application in an N budget, a field-scale assessment of the main factors affecting SOM mineralisation is required. The objective of this study was to quantify the influence of meteorological conditions and soil properties on N mineralised by SOM in an agroecosystem. The N mineralised from the SOM was calculated as the N uptake of the unfertilised plot minus the N derived from atmospheric deposition and irrigation. This study analysed 29 years of crop, agrometeorological, and soil data from three maize cropping systems (maize for grain, maize for silage, and maize-It. ryegrass double cropping) in a long-term experiment conducted in NW Italy. A Linear Mixed Model (LMM) was developed for the purpose of this study. The average of N derived from SOM mineralisation predicted by the model was 96&amp;#8239;kg&amp;#8239;N ha&amp;#8722;1&amp;#160;yr&amp;#8722;1, with a root mean square error of 22&amp;#8239;kg&amp;#8239;N ha&amp;#8722;1&amp;#160;yr&amp;#8722;1. The fixed factors of LMM, which are soil organic carbon (SOC), carbon-to-nitrogen ratio (C/N) and the sum of rainfall and irrigation (R.I.), were responsible for 19&amp;#8239;% of the annual variations in mineralised N. SOC and R.I. had a positive effect and greater weight on the process, whereas C/N had a negative effect and lower weight. The explanatory power of the model increased to 52&amp;#8239;% when cropping systems and interannual variability were included as random factors. This study highlights the importance of weather conditions and SOC content in determining the amount of N derived from soil mineralisation and can contribute to plant nutrition. In a future climate scenario characterised by increased aridity, N mineralisation could decrease, thus increasing the demand for fertilisers.</p></article>", "keywords": ["Linear mixed model", "Soil organic matter mineralisation", "Agrometeorological indicators", "Agrometeorological indicators; C/N ratio; Linear mixed model; Maize; Nitrogen uptake; Soil organic matter mineralisation", "C/N ratio", "Nitrogen uptake", "Maize"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://iris.unito.it/bitstream/2318/2070051/1/A60%20Octavian%20TF0.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/2318/2070051"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2318/2070051", "name": "item", "description": "2318/2070051", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2318/2070051"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2800958677", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:28:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-05-05", "title": "The biogeochemical consequences of litter transformation by insect herbivory in the Subarctic: a microcosm simulation experiment", "description": "Warming may increase the extent and intensity of insect defoliations within Arctic ecosystems. A thorough understanding of the implications of this for litter decomposition is essential to make predictions of soil-atmosphere carbon (C) feedbacks. Soil nitrogen (N) and C cycles naturally are interlinked, but we lack a detailed understanding of how insect herbivores impact these cycles. In a laboratory microcosm study, we investigated the growth responses of heterotrophic soil fungi and bacteria as well as C and N mineralisation to simulated defoliator outbreaks (frass addition), long-term increased insect herbivory (litter addition at higher background N-level) and non-outbreak conditions (litter addition only) in soils from a Subarctic birch forest. Larger amounts of the added organic matter were mineralised in the outbreak simulations compared to a normal year; yet, the fungal and bacterial growth rates and biomass were not significantly different. In the simulation of long-term increased herbivory, less litter C was respired per unit mineralised N (C:N of mineralisation decreased to 20\u2009\u00b1\u20091 from 38\u2009\u00b1\u20093 for pure litter), which suggests a directed microbial mining for N-rich substrates. This was accompanied by higher fungal dominance relative to bacteria and lower total microbial biomass. In conclusion, while a higher fraction of foliar C will be respired by insects and microbes during outbreak years, predicted long-term increases in herbivory linked to climate change may facilitate soil C-accumulation, as less foliar C is respired per unit mineralised N. Further work elucidating animal-plant-soil interactions is needed to improve model predictions of C-sink capacity in high latitude forest ecosystems.", "keywords": ["Ekologi", "0106 biological sciences", "Ecology", "herbivory", "Subarctic birch forest", "nitrogen mineralisation", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "soil respiration", "soil microbial ecology", "01 natural sciences", "biogeochemistry", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10533-018-0448-8.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/2800958677"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biogeochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2800958677", "name": "item", "description": "2800958677", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2800958677"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "87f8fdd8-c6c9-4aa1-92ef-9f3aa5bd46a1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[9.86, 47.35], [9.86, 49.21], [11.99, 49.21], [11.99, 47.35], [9.86, 47.35]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "farming"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Soil"}, {"id": "nitrogen"}, {"id": "nitrogen isotopes"}, {"id": "nitrogen mineralization"}, {"id": "isotope dilution method"}, {"id": "ammonia"}, {"id": "nitrate-nitrogen"}], "scheme": "AGROVOC Multilingual agricultural thesaurus"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "opendata"}], "scheme": "Individual"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Boden"}, {"id": "Stickstoff"}, {"id": "Denitrifikation"}, {"id": "Mineralisation"}, {"id": "Stickstoffkreislauf"}, {"id": "Ammonium"}, {"id": "Nitrat"}], "scheme": "GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0"}], "rights": "Restrictions applied to assure the protection of privacy or intellectual property, and any special restrictions or limitations or warnings on using the resource or metadata. Reports, articles, papers, scientific and non - scientific works of any form, including tables, maps, or any other kind of output, in printed or electronic form, based in whole or in part on the data supplied, must contain an acknowledgement of the form: \"Data reused from the BonaRes Data Centre www.bonares.de. This data were created as part of the BonaRes Module A-Project - SUSALPS's research activities.\" Although every care has been taken in preparing and testing the data, the BonaRes Module A-Project - SUSALPS and the BonaRes Data Centre cannot guarantee that the data are correct; neither does the BonaRes Module A-Project - SUSALPS and the BonaRes Data Centre accept any liability whatsoever for any error, missing data or omission in the data, or for any loss or damage arising from its use. The BonaRes Module A-Project - SUSALPS and BonaRes Data Centre will not be responsible for any direct or indirect use which might be made of the data. The access to this data is restricted during embargo time. If prior access is requested, contact the data owner / author.", "updated": "2021-04-13", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2021-02-18", "language": "eng", "title": "Gross rates of N mineralization and nitrification", "description": "Data for the calculation of gross rates of mineralization and nitrification based on the 15N pool dilution method\n\nResearch domain: Soil nitrogen\n\nResearch question: The data set contains fundamental information for environmental sciences and, thus, serves as the base for many research questions. The fundamental researc question in SUSALPS is how mountainous grassland can be managed in a sustainable way in a changing climate.", "formats": [{"name": "CSV"}], "keywords": ["Soil", "nitrogen", "nitrogen isotopes", "nitrogen mineralization", "isotope dilution method", "ammonia", "nitrate-nitrogen", "opendata", "Boden", "Stickstoff", "Denitrifikation", "Mineralisation", "Stickstoffkreislauf", "Ammonium", "Nitrat"], "contacts": [{"name": "Katrin Schneider", "organization": "KIT IMK-IFU", "position": "Researcher", "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "katrin.schneider2@kit.edu"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Kreuzeckbahnstr. 19"], "city": "Garmisch-Partenkirchen", "administrativeArea": "Bavaria", "postalCode": "82467", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Michael Dannenmann", "organization": "KIT IMK-IFU", "position": "Group Leader", "roles": ["supervisor"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "michael.dannenmann@kit.edu"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Kreuzeckbahnstra\u00dfe 19"], "city": "Garmisch-Partenkirchen", "administrativeArea": "Bavaria", "postalCode": "82467", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Ralf Kiese", "organization": "KIT IMK-IFU", "position": "Group Leader", "roles": ["projectLeader"], "phones": [{"value": "+49 8821 183 153"}], "emails": [{"value": "ralf.kiese@kit.edu"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Kreuzeckbahnstra\u00dfe 19"], "city": "Garmisch-Partenkirchen", "administrativeArea": "Bavaria", "postalCode": "82467", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "BonaRes Data Centre", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)", "position": "Research Platform 'Data Analysis & Simulation' - WG Geodata", "roles": ["publisher"], "phones": [{"value": "+49 33432 82 171"}], "emails": [{"value": "bonares-datenzentrum@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Eberswalder Strasse 84"], "city": "M\u00fcncheberg", "administrativeArea": "Brandenburg", "postalCode": "15374", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"organization": "KIT IMK-IFU", "roles": ["contributor"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://maps.bonares.de/mapapps/resources/apps/bonares/index.html?lang=en&mid=87f8fdd8-c6c9-4aa1-92ef-9f3aa5bd46a1", "rel": "download"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "87f8fdd8-c6c9-4aa1-92ef-9f3aa5bd46a1", "name": "item", "description": "87f8fdd8-c6c9-4aa1-92ef-9f3aa5bd46a1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/87f8fdd8-c6c9-4aa1-92ef-9f3aa5bd46a1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-04-13T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Mineralisation&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Mineralisation&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "first", "title": "items (first)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Mineralisation&", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "last", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (last)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Mineralisation&offset=18", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 18, "numberReturned": 18, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-04-04T09:07:42.564337Z"}