{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1007/s11104-021-04970-5", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-31T06:56:00Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-04-30", "title": "Grazing impacts on ecosystem functions exceed those from mowing", "description": "Land use change due to the increasing anthropogenic activities is the most important driver leading to alteration of multiple ecosystem functions. Overgrazing is thought to be one of most pervasive and significant degrading processes in grasslands, but direct comparisons with other comparable drivers of land use intensification are lacking. Our results aimed to test how single land use practices (grazing, mowing), and combined land use practices (both grazing and mowing), influence biodiversity, soils and plant function, and the coupling of aboveground and belowground functions and properties in a Eurasian steppe grassland. We examined changes in individual functions associated with aboveground and belowground plant and soil compartments, and multiple combined functions (hereafter \u2018multifunctionality\u2019) at 317 sites along an extensive climatic gradient in Northern China. Further, we investigated the correlations (coupling) between aboveground and belowground processes under the three land use scenarios. We found a mixture of effects of grazing, mowing and mowing plus grazing. However, values of many aboveground and belowground attributes were lower when sites were grazed. Although grazed sites had lower values of soil carbon and nutrients, there were no grazing-induced changes in root carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus. More importantly, the most intense land use scenario (grazing combined with mowing) decoupled the correlations between belowground and aboveground functions compared with that of single land uses. Our study demonstrates that mowing is a better long-term management method than grazing for semi-natural grasslands in the Eurasian steppe are heavily grazed. Our results demonstrate that additional land use pressures imposed when mowing and grazing are applied together can decouple the positive associations between plant richness and functions. This knowledge is critical if we are to adopt strategies to maintain diverse grassland ecosystems and the important services and functions that they provide.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "Mowing", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Ecolog\u00eda", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Ecosystem functions", "Grazing", "Plant diversity", "Eurasian grassland", "13. Climate action", "XXXXXX - Unknown", "Multifunctionality", "Ecosystem services", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-021-04970-5"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-021-04970-5", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-021-04970-5", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-021-04970-5"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-04-30T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/ejss.12231", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-05-31T06:59:24Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-04-08", "title": "Nitrogen Addition And Mowing Affect Microbial Nitrogen Transformations In A C4 Grassland In Northern China", "description": "Summary<p>Microbial nitrogen (N) transformations play a key role in regulating N cycling in grassland ecosystems. However, there is still little information on how management of semi\uffe2\uff80\uff90arid grassland such as mowing and/or N fertilizer application affects microbial activity and N transformations. In a field experiment in northern China, N was added at a rate of 10 g N m\uffe2\uff88\uff922 year\uffe2\uff88\uff921 as NH4NO3 to mown and unmown plots (4 \uffc3\uff97 4 m2) and in situ rates of net ammonification (Ramm), nitrification (Rnit) and mineralization (Rmin) were followed at monthly intervals for the vegetation growth periods in the years 2006\uffe2\uff80\uff932009. In addition, we also measured soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and nitrogen (MBN), microbial respiration (MR) and peak above\uffe2\uff80\uff90ground biomass in August of each measurement year. Driven by the pronounced inter\uffe2\uff80\uff90annual variability of rainfall, all the properties investigated varied markedly across years. Nevertheless, we were able to demonstrate that over the 4 years N addition significantly stimulated Rnit, Rmin and MBN, on average, by 288, 149 and 11.6%, respectively. However, N addition decreased MBC significantly as well as the ratio of MBC:MBN by, on average, 10 and 23%, respectively, whereas an effect of N addition on MR could not be demonstrated. Mowing decreased MBN, MR and qCO2 significantly by 9, 28 and 24%, respectively, but no effects were found on microbial net N transformation rates and MBC. N addition and mowing interactively affected Ramm and Rmin, and MBN, MBC:MBN. In summary, our results indicate a positive effect of N addition but a negative effect of mowing on microbial N transformation in this C4 grassland in northern China.</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Earth sciences", "570", "info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/550", "550", "ddc:550", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "china", "mowing", "630", "nitrogen"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/ejss.12231"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Soil%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/ejss.12231", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/ejss.12231", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/ejss.12231"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-04-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01025.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-05-31T06:59:43Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-04-13", "title": "Does Greater Night-Time, Rather Than Constant, Warming Alter Growth Of Managed Pasture Under Ambient And Elevated Atmospheric Co2?", "description": "Summary \u2022 This study examined the effects of warming, elevated atmospheric CO 2 and cutting regimen on the growth of Phalaris aquatica cv. Holdfast swards. \u2022 Six temperature gradient tunnels (TGT) were used to manipulate both air temperature and atmospheric CO 2 concentrations (ambient and 750 ppm). Within each tunnel, there were three temperature treatments: no warming, constant warming of +3.0 \u00b0 C and a daytime warming of 2.2 \u00b0 C combined with a night-time warming of 4.0 \u00b0 C and two defoliation frequencies. \u2022A veraged across 20 months of growth, there was a positive effect of elevated atmospheric CO 2 (+11%), no effect of either warming treatment and a negative effect of frequent cutting ( \u2212 19%) on total above ground biomass production. The responses to all treatments, however, were strongly seasonal. \u2022 Positive responses to CO 2 were statistically significant only in the spring, when plant growth was strongest. No evidence was found that high night-time warming had different effects on plant growth and plant responses to elevated atmospheric CO 2 , than constant warming.", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "warming", "Phalaris aquatica Biomass production", "growth response", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Grassland", "pasture", "03 medical and health sciences", "Phalaris aquatica", "13. Climate action", "Climate change", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Keywords: carbon dioxide enrichment", "Phalaris", "Elevated CO2", "mowing"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01025.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01025.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01025.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01025.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-02-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/nph.12569", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-05-31T06:59:52Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-10-31", "title": "Experimental Drought Reduces The Transfer Of Recently Fixed Plant Carbon To Soil Microbes And Alters The Bacterial Community Composition In A Mountain Meadow", "description": "Summary<p>   <p>Drought affects plants and soil microorganisms, but it is still not clear how it alters the carbon (C) transfer at the plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93microbial interface. Here, we tested direct and indirect effects of drought on soil microbes and microbial turnover of recent plant\uffe2\uff80\uff90derived C in a mountain meadow.</p>  <p>Microbial community composition was assessed using phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs); the allocation of recent plant\uffe2\uff80\uff90derived C to microbial groups was analysed by pulse\uffe2\uff80\uff90labelling of canopy sections with 13CO2 and the subsequent tracing of the label into microbial PLFAs.</p>  <p>Microbial biomass was significantly higher in plots exposed to a severe experimental drought. In addition, drought induced a shift of the microbial community composition, mainly driven by an increase of Gram\uffe2\uff80\uff90positive bacteria. Drought reduced belowground C allocation, but not the transfer of recently plant\uffe2\uff80\uff90assimilated C to fungi, and in particular reduced tracer uptake by bacteria. This was accompanied by an increase of 13C in the extractable organic C pool during drought, which was even more pronounced after plots were mown.</p>  <p>We conclude that drought weakened the link between plant and bacterial, but not fungal, C turnover, and facilitated the growth of potentially slow\uffe2\uff80\uff90growing, drought\uffe2\uff80\uff90adapted soil microbes, such as Gram\uffe2\uff80\uff90positive bacteria.</p>  </p>", "keywords": ["Time Factors", "Nitrogen", "Mowing", "Mountain grassland", "Carbon Cycle", "Microbial community composition", "Soil", "Biomass", "Ecosystem", "Soil Microbiology", "2. Zero hunger", "106022 Mikrobiologie", "Carbon Isotopes", "Drought", "Research", "Microbiota", "Water", "Carbon allocation", "Microclimate", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Carbon", "6. Clean water", "Droughts", "C pulse-labelling", "13. Climate action", "Austria", "Phospholipid fatty acids", "106022 Microbiology", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.12569"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/nph.12569", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/nph.12569", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/nph.12569"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-10-31T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "1959.7/uws:65605", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Restricted", "updated": "2026-05-31T07:05:48Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-04-30", "title": "Grazing impacts on ecosystem functions exceed those from mowing", "description": "Land use change due to the increasing anthropogenic activities is the most important driver leading to alteration of multiple ecosystem functions. Overgrazing is thought to be one of most pervasive and significant degrading processes in grasslands, but direct comparisons with other comparable drivers of land use intensification are lacking. Our results aimed to test how single land use practices (grazing, mowing), and combined land use practices (both grazing and mowing), influence biodiversity, soils and plant function, and the coupling of aboveground and belowground functions and properties in a Eurasian steppe grassland. We examined changes in individual functions associated with aboveground and belowground plant and soil compartments, and multiple combined functions (hereafter \u2018multifunctionality\u2019) at 317 sites along an extensive climatic gradient in Northern China. Further, we investigated the correlations (coupling) between aboveground and belowground processes under the three land use scenarios. We found a mixture of effects of grazing, mowing and mowing plus grazing. However, values of many aboveground and belowground attributes were lower when sites were grazed. Although grazed sites had lower values of soil carbon and nutrients, there were no grazing-induced changes in root carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus. More importantly, the most intense land use scenario (grazing combined with mowing) decoupled the correlations between belowground and aboveground functions compared with that of single land uses. Our study demonstrates that mowing is a better long-term management method than grazing for semi-natural grasslands in the Eurasian steppe are heavily grazed. Our results demonstrate that additional land use pressures imposed when mowing and grazing are applied together can decouple the positive associations between plant richness and functions. This knowledge is critical if we are to adopt strategies to maintain diverse grassland ecosystems and the important services and functions that they provide.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "Mowing", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Ecolog\u00eda", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Ecosystem functions", "Grazing", "Plant diversity", "Eurasian grassland", "13. Climate action", "XXXXXX - Unknown", "Multifunctionality", "Ecosystem services", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/1959.7/uws:65605"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "1959.7/uws:65605", "name": "item", "description": "1959.7/uws:65605", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/1959.7/uws:65605"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-04-30T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2f32fbe1-30fd-4472-8b97-e02267c34ca6", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[12.63, 52.63], [12.63, 52.74], [12.81, 52.74], [12.81, 52.63], [12.63, 52.63]]]}, "properties": {"license": "CC BY", "rights": "Restrictions applied to assure the protection of privacy or intellectual property, and any special restrictions or limitations or warnings on using the resource or metadata. Reports, articles, papers, scientific and non - scientific works of any form, including tables, maps, or any other kind of output, in printed or electronic form, based in whole or in part on the data supplied, must contain an acknowledgement of the form: \"Data reused from the BonaRes Data Centre www.bonares.de. This data were created as part of the ZALF Datenerfassung's research activities.\" Although every care has been taken in preparing and testing the data, the ZALF Datenerfassung and the BonaRes Data Centre cannot guarantee that the data are correct; neither does the ZALF Datenerfassung and the BonaRes Data Centre accept any liability whatsoever for any error, missing data or omission in the data, or for any loss or damage arising from its use. The ZALF Datenerfassung and BonaRes Data Centre will not be responsible for any direct or indirect use which might be made of the data.", "updated": "2024-11-19", "type": "Service", "created": "2023-05-12", "language": "eng", "title": "WMS Service of datasets from the 'ZALF Focus Area - Paulinenaue'", "description": "This AGIS Map Service includes spatial information used by datasets 'AGIS Map Service of the dataset 'ZALF Focus Area - Paulinenaue''", "keywords": ["infoMapAccessService", "Soil", "site", "research facilities", "site factors", "research data", "grasslands", "grazing", "mowing", "fertilization", "biodiversity", "monitoring", "Germany", "Brandenburg", "Havelland", "Focus Area Paulinenaue", "Havell\u00e4ndisches Luch"], "contacts": [{"name": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research", "organization": "ZALF", "position": "Research Platform 'Data Analysis & Simulation' - Workgroup Research Data Management", "roles": ["publisher"], "phones": [{"value": "+49 33432 82 300"}], "emails": [{"value": "dataservice@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Eberswalder Strasse 84"], "city": "M\u00fcncheberg", "administrativeArea": "Brandenburg", "postalCode": "15374", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Axel Behrendt", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "abehrendt@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Joana Bergmann", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "joana.bergmann@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": {"url": null, "protocol": null, "protocol_url": "", "name": "0000-0002-2008-4198", "name_url": "", "description": "ORCID", "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": null}}]}, {"name": "Frank Eulenstein", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "feulenstein@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": {"url": null, "protocol": null, "protocol_url": "", "name": "0000-0001-6833-5315", "name_url": "", "description": "ORCID", "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": null}}]}, {"name": "Axel Behrendt", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)", "position": null, "roles": ["projectLeader"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "abehrendt@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)", "roles": ["contributor"]}], "themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "infoMapAccessService"}], "scheme": "GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Soil"}, {"id": "site"}, {"id": "research facilities"}, {"id": "site factors"}, {"id": "research data"}, {"id": "grasslands"}, {"id": "grazing"}, {"id": "mowing"}, {"id": "fertilization"}, {"id": "biodiversity"}, {"id": "monitoring"}], "scheme": "AGROVOC Multilingual agricultural thesaurus"}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://maps.bonares.de/mapapps/resources/apps/bonares/index.html?lang=en&mid=2f32fbe1-30fd-4472-8b97-e02267c34ca6", "rel": "information"}, {"href": "https://maps.bonares.de/wss/service/ags-relay/ags/guest/arcgis/rest/services/Zalf/Focus_Area_Paulinenaue/MapServer/WMSServer?request=GetCapabilities&service=WMS"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2f32fbe1-30fd-4472-8b97-e02267c34ca6", "name": "item", "description": "2f32fbe1-30fd-4472-8b97-e02267c34ca6", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2f32fbe1-30fd-4472-8b97-e02267c34ca6"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-11-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "bf81a07f-b75b-4c73-98ae-08a950bb4920", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[12.63, 52.63], [12.63, 52.74], [12.81, 52.74], [12.81, 52.63], [12.63, 52.63]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "farming"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "site"}, {"id": "research facilities"}, {"id": "site factors"}, {"id": "research"}, {"id": "research data"}, {"id": "grasslands"}, {"id": "grazing"}, {"id": "mowing"}, {"id": "fertilization"}, {"id": "biodiversity"}, {"id": "monitoring"}], "scheme": "AGROVOC Multilingual agricultural thesaurus"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "opendata"}, {"id": "rewetting"}, {"id": "soil"}, {"id": "fen grassland"}, {"id": "ZALF Focus Area - Paulinenaue"}], "scheme": "Individual"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Boden"}, {"id": "Umwelt\u00fcberwachung"}], "scheme": "GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0"}], "license": "CC BY", "rights": "Restrictions applied to assure the protection of privacy or intellectual property, and any special restrictions or limitations or warnings on using the resource or metadata. Reports, articles, papers, scientific and non - scientific works of any form, including tables, maps, or any other kind of output, in printed or electronic form, based in whole or in part on the data supplied, must contain an acknowledgement of the form: \"Data reused from the BonaRes Data Centre www.bonares.de. This data were created as part of the ZALF Datenerfassung's research activities.\" Although every care has been taken in preparing and testing the data, the ZALF Datenerfassung and the BonaRes Data Centre cannot guarantee that the data are correct; neither does the ZALF Datenerfassung and the BonaRes Data Centre accept any liability whatsoever for any error, missing data or omission in the data, or for any loss or damage arising from its use. The ZALF Datenerfassung and BonaRes Data Centre will not be responsible for any direct or indirect use which might be made of the data.", "updated": "2023-07-19", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2023-05-12", "language": "eng", "title": "ZALF Focus Area - Paulinenaue", "description": "<p>The ZALF Focus Area - Paulinenaue is located 30 km west of Berlin. ZALF manages 60 ha of grassland on a lowland fen research \nsite founded in 1949 by Prof. E.A. Mitscherlich in the Havell\u00e4ndisches Luch.</p> \n<p>Own herds of different animal species e.g. Uckerm\u00e4rker cattle are available for grassland use.</p>\n<p>The ZALF research station Paulinenaue is located on the edge of the 56,000 ha NATURA2000 (SPA) site Rhin-Havelluch (<a href=\"https://www.bfn.de/natura-2000-gebiet/rhin-havelluch\">see BfN NATURA2000 in Germany</a>; <a href=\"https://lfu.brandenburg.de/lfu/de/aufgaben/natur/natura-2000/managementplanung/spa-rhin-havelluch/\">see LfU SPA site Rhin Havelluch</a>)\nThis area represents the shallow- to medium-depth fens of northeastern Germany, which are predominantly used as grassland. \nZALF's agricultural landscape research questions related to grassland and peatland are comprehensively addressed here. </p>\n<h1>Main research tasks that are addressed in this focus area:</h1>\n<p>1. Acting as a coordinating body for scientific work in the field of fenland research or grassland and fenland ecology. Implementation \nof a long-term data collection program on landscape-relevant variables on typical grassland sites of the ZALF study area.<br/>\n2. Supervision of a grassland long-term experiment and a groundwater lysimeter installation with 103 lysimeters and 15 different soil types \nof Northeast Germany for parameter quantification and validation for grassland and landscape models.<br/>\n3. Collaboration on ecosystem-based landscape analysis and related research projects in close cooperation with all program areas and \nworking groups of ZALF. Securing grassland-specific experimental and mapping work in the landscape.<br/>\n4. Organizing large-scale landscape ecology experiments involving agricultural and processing enterprises with a focus on \nproduction ecology research, development and redesign of the cultivated landscape. Active participation in the establishment \nof new landscape laboratories of ZALF and contribution of existing knowledge and experience.</p>\n\n<p>The fenlands of the Rhin-Havelluch have essentially developed as marshy and silted-up fenland with waterlogging by groundwater. \nThe 300 years of drainage in connection with intensive use in the past decades has contributed to a considerable extent to the fen shrinkage and \nmineralization of the organic soil substance. Therefore, the subject of research is particularly the protection of the fenland body and extensive \nagricultural land use practices that conserve abiotic and biotic resources.</p>\n\n<p>The soil physical and chemical parameters of the study area can be characterized as follows:&#xD;\nSoil physical parameters from the crumb horizon of the Rhin-Havelluch.<br/>\nOrganic matter content (%): 65 - 70<br/>\nSolids (Vol.%): 19 - 27<br/>\nUsable water capacity (Vol.%): 42 - 48<br/>\nMinimum air capacity (Vol.%): 11 - 12<br/>\nCa (%): 2.4 - 4.8<br/>\nK (%): 0,07 - 0,10<br/>\nP (%): 0,07 - 0,11<br/>\nN (%): in organic matter 4.2 - 4.3<br/>\npH value: 5.8 - 7.2</p>\n\n<p> The long-term mean of precipitation (1981 - 2010) is 536 mm. 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