{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10044/1/99354", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:22:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-08-18", "title": "Mechanically\u2010Reconfigurable Edge States in an Ultrathin Valley\u2010Hall Topological Metamaterial", "description": "Abstract

Broadband topological metamaterials hold the key for designing the next generation of integrated photonic platforms and microwave devices given their protected back\uffe2\uff80\uff90scattering\uffe2\uff80\uff90free and unidirectional edge states, among other exotic properties. However, synthesizing such metamaterial has proven challenging. Here, a broadband bandgap (relative bandwidth of more than 43%) Valley\uffe2\uff80\uff90Hall topological metamaterial with deep subwavelength thickness is proposed. The present topological metamaterial is composed of three layers printed circuit boards whose total thickness is 1.524\uffc2\uffa0mm \uffe2\uff89\uff88 \uffce\uffbb/100. The topological phase transition is achieved by introducing an asymmetry parameter \uffce\uffb4r. Three mechanically reconfigurable edge states can be obtained by varying interlayer displacement. Their robust transmission is demonstrated through two kinds of waveguide domain walls with cavities and disorders. Exploiting the proposed topological metamaterial, a six\uffe2\uff80\uff90way power divider is constructed and measured as a proof\uffe2\uff80\uff90of\uffe2\uff80\uff90concept of the potential of the proposed technology for future electromagnetic devices.Polarization is a fundamental property of electromagnetic waves that plays a key role in many physical phenomena and applications. Schemes to manipulate it are revisited with the emergence of metasurfaces, which have brought multi\uffe2\uff80\uff90functionalities straightforwardly. However, this has come at the expense of design complexity that relies strongly on field theory. Here, an ingenious strategy of modular design is proposed to construct subwavelength multifunctional polarization control devices. Chiral metasurfaces with different handedness are first proposed and regarded as modules. The versatile polarization controller can thus be obtained with the combination of different modules. These experiments demonstrate that the well\uffe2\uff80\uff90designed polarization controller possesses reconfigurable functionality, and various broadband polarization and amplitude regulation functions with high efficiency including arbitrary linear polarization rotation, asymmetric transmission effect, neutral\uffe2\uff80\uff90density\uffe2\uff80\uff90like filter, polarization beam splitter, etc., can be readily realized just by changing the cascaded modules. The physical mechanisms of the versatile polarization controller and chiral metasurface modules are both guaranteed by the Fabry\uffe2\uff80\uff93P\uffc3\uffa9rot\uffe2\uff80\uff90like resonances, which are theoretically verified via the transfer matrix method. It is envisioned that the modular concept will be of great benefit to designing compact multifunctional polarization controllers.

Sustainable biofuels are an important tool for the decarbonisation of transport. This is especially true in aviation, maritime, and heavy-duty sectors with limited short-term alternatives. Their use by conventional transport fleets requires few changes to the existing infrastructure and engines, and thus their integration can be smooth and relatively rapid. Provision of feedstock should comply with sustainability principles for (i) producing additional biomass without distorting food and feed markets and (ii) addressing challenges for ecosystem services, including biodiversity, and soil quality. This paper performs a meta-analysis of current research for low indirect land use change (ILUC) risk biomass crops for sustainable biofuels that benefited either from improved agricultural practices or from cultivation in unused, abandoned, or severely degraded land. Two categories of biomass crops are considered here: oil and lignocellulosic. The findings confirm that there are significant opportunities to cultivate these crops in European agro-ecological zones with sustainable agronomic practices both in farming land and in land with natural constraints (unused, abandoned, and degraded land). These could produce additional low environmental impact feedstocks for biofuels and deliver economic benefits to farmers.

", "keywords": ["advanced biofuels", "Technology", "Chemistry", " Multidisciplinary", "7. Clean energy", "01 natural sciences", "630", "CROP-ROTATION", "CARBON", "Engineering", "11. Sustainability", "land use change; low ILUC; oil crops; lignocellulosic crops; advanced biofuels; sustainability; marginal land; degraded land", "ALTERNATIVE FUELS", "Biology (General)", "2. Zero hunger", "Multidisciplinary", "marginal land", "T", "Physics", "sustainability", "Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)", "Chemistry", "Applied", "Physical Sciences", "TA1-2040", "low ILUC", "land use change", "330", "QH301-705.5", "QC1-999", "Materials Science", "Engineering", " Multidisciplinary", "Materials Science", " Multidisciplinary", "Physics", " Applied", "12. Responsible consumption", "CYCLE", "QD1-999", "BIODIESEL PRODUCTION", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "Science & Technology", "advanced biofuels; degraded land; land use change; lignocellulosic crops; low ILUC; marginal land; oil crops; sustainability", "15. Life on land", "AGROFORESTRY", "SOIL", "NITROGEN", "lignocellulosic crops", "YIELD", "oil crops", "13. Climate action", "CRAMBE-ABYSSINICA", "degraded land"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/9/4623/pdf"}, {"href": "https://iris.polito.it/bitstream/11583/2995521/1/applsci-12-04623-v3.pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/9/4623/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10044/1/99543"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Sciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10044/1/99543", "name": "item", "description": "10044/1/99543", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10044/1/99543"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-05-04T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10044/1/73088", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:22:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-08-19", "title": "Photonic Weyl points due to broken time-reversal symmetry in magnetized semiconductor", "description": "Nature Physics volume 15, pages1150\u20131155(2019)", "keywords": ["Multidisciplinary", "Science & Technology", "02 Physical Sciences", "F300", "H600", "Physics", "Fluids & Plasmas", "Physics", " Multidisciplinary", "02 engineering and technology", "530", "01 natural sciences", "SEMIMETAL", "Physical Sciences", "0103 physical sciences", "0210 nano-technology", "01 Mathematical Sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/47156/1/Dongyang_Nature_Physics_2019.pdf"}, {"href": "http://www.nature.com/articles/s41567-019-0612-7.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10044/1/73088"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Nature%20Physics", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10044/1/73088", "name": "item", "description": "10044/1/73088", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10044/1/73088"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-08-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10044/1/96649", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:22:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-04-11", "title": "Recent progress in terahertz metamaterial modulators", "description": "Abstract

The terahertz (0.1\uffe2\uff80\uff9310\uffc2\uffa0THz) range represents a fast-evolving research and industrial field. The great interest for this portion of the electromagnetic spectrum, which lies between the photonics and the electronics ranges, stems from the unique and disruptive sectors where this radiation finds applications in, such as spectroscopy, quantum electronics, sensing and wireless communications beyond 5G. Engineering the propagation of terahertz light has always proved to be an intrinsically difficult task and for a long time it has been the bottleneck hindering the full exploitation of the terahertz spectrum. Amongst the different approaches that have been proposed so far for terahertz signal manipulation, the implementation of metamaterials has proved to be the most successful one, owing to the relative ease of realisation, high efficiency and spectral versatility. In this review, we present the latest developments in terahertz modulators based on metamaterials, while highlighting a few selected key applications in sensing, wireless communications and quantum electronics, which have particularly benefitted from these developments.

Extensive application of clustering and classification algorithms shows the potential of a CNT-based sensor array in breathomics.

", "keywords": ["electronic nose", "Linear discriminant analysis", "Chemistry", " Multidisciplinary", "Principal component analysis", "02 engineering and technology", "VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS", "sensors", "Supported Vectror Machine", "01 natural sciences", "nanotubes", "E-NOSE", "breathomics", "THIN-FILMS", "SWCNTs", "RANDOM NETWORKS", "COPD", "ta318", "e-nose", "ta215", "WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES", "Science & Technology", "Breath analysis", "SWCNT SENSOR", "34 Chemical sciences", "Ammonia; Biomarkers; Carbon nanotubes; Classification (of information); Clustering algorithms; Molecules; Nitrogen oxides; Principal component analysis; Sulfur compounds; Support vector machines", "0104 chemical sciences", "3. Good health", "Chemistry", "ROOM-TEMPERATURE", "AMMONIA SENSOR", "Physical Sciences", "NO2 DETECTION", "03 Chemical Sciences", "0210 nano-technology", "RESISTIVE SENSORS"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://iris.cnr.it/bitstream/20.500.14243/536855/1/RSC%20Adv._2021.pdf"}, {"href": "https://boa.unimib.it/bitstream/10281/517427/2/d1ra03337a.pdf%3b"}, {"href": "https://publicatt.unicatt.it/bitstream/10807/190102/1/d1ra03337a.pdf"}, {"href": "http://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2021/RA/D1RA03337A"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10807/190102"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/RSC%20Advances", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10807/190102", "name": "item", "description": "10807/190102", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10807/190102"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "11104/0341036", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:22:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-07-18", "title": "Ethylene inhibits rice root elongation in compacted soil via ABA- and auxin-mediated mechanisms", "description": "

Soil compaction represents a major agronomic challenge, inhibiting root elongation and impacting crop yields. Roots use ethylene to sense soil compaction as the restricted air space causes this gaseous signal to accumulate around root tips. Ethylene inhibits root elongation and promotes radial expansion in compacted soil, but its mechanistic basis remains unclear. Here, we report that ethylene promotes abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis and cortical cell radial expansion. Rice mutants of ABA biosynthetic genes had attenuated cortical cell radial expansion in compacted soil, leading to better penetration. Soil compaction-induced ethylene also up-regulates the auxin biosynthesis gene OsYUC8 . Mutants lacking OsYUC8 are better able to penetrate compacted soil. The auxin influx transporter OsAUX1 is also required to mobilize auxin from the root tip to the elongation zone during a root compaction response. Moreover, osaux1 mutants penetrate compacted soil better than the wild-type roots and do not exhibit cortical cell radial expansion. We conclude that ethylene uses auxin and ABA as downstream signals to modify rice root cell elongation and radial expansion, causing root tips to swell and reducing their ability to penetrate compacted soil. Arctic and alpine tundra ecosystems are large reservoirs of organic carbon1,2. Climate warming may stimulate ecosystem respiration and release carbon into the atmosphere3,4. The magnitude and persistency of this stimulation and the environmental mechanisms that drive its variation remain uncertain5\uffe2\uff80\uff937. This hampers the accuracy of global land carbon\uffe2\uff80\uff93climate feedback projections7,8. Here we synthesize 136 datasets from 56 open-top chamber in situ warming experiments located at 28 arctic and alpine tundra sites which have been running for less than 1\uffe2\uff80\uff89year up to 25\uffe2\uff80\uff89years. We show that a mean rise of 1.4\uffe2\uff80\uff89\uffc2\uffb0C [confidence interval (CI) 0.9\uffe2\uff80\uff932.0\uffe2\uff80\uff89\uffc2\uffb0C] in air and 0.4\uffe2\uff80\uff89\uffc2\uffb0C [CI 0.2\uffe2\uff80\uff930.7\uffe2\uff80\uff89\uffc2\uffb0C] in soil temperature results in an increase in growing season ecosystem respiration by 30% [CI 22\uffe2\uff80\uff9338%] (n\uffe2\uff80\uff89=\uffe2\uff80\uff89136). Our findings indicate that the stimulation of ecosystem respiration was due to increases in both plant-related and microbial respiration (n\uffe2\uff80\uff89=\uffe2\uff80\uff899) and continued for at least 25\uffe2\uff80\uff89years (n\uffe2\uff80\uff89=\uffe2\uff80\uff89136). The magnitude of the warming effects on respiration was driven by variation in warming-induced changes in local soil conditions, that is, changes in total nitrogen concentration and pH and by context-dependent spatial variation in these conditions, in particular total nitrogen concentration and the carbon:nitrogen ratio. Tundra sites with stronger nitrogen limitations and sites in which warming had stimulated plant and microbial nutrient turnover seemed particularly sensitive in their respiration response to warming. The results highlight the importance of local soil conditions and warming-induced changes therein for future climatic impacts on respiration.

Abstract. Global soil water availability is challenged by the effects of climate change and a growing population. On average, 70\u2009% of freshwater extraction is attributed to agriculture, and the demand is increasing. In this study, the effects of climate change on the evolution of the irrigation water requirement to sustain current crop productivity are assessed by using the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) crop growth model AquaCrop version 6.1. The model is run at 0.5\u2218lat\u00d70.5\u2218long resolution over the European mainland, assuming a general C3-type of crop, and forced by climate input data from the Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project phase three (ISIMIP3). First, the AquaCrop surface soil moisture (SSM) forced with two types of ISIMIP3 historical meteorological datasets is evaluated with satellite-based SSM estimates in two ways. When driven by ISIMIP3a reanalysis meteorology, daily simulated SSM values have an unbiased root mean square difference of 0.08 and 0.06\u2009m3\u2009m\u22123, with SSM retrievals from the Soil Moisture Ocean Salinity (SMOS) and Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) missions, respectively, for the years 2015\u20132016 (2016 is the end year of the reanalysis data). When forced with ISIMIP3b meteorology from five global climate models (GCMs) for the years 2015\u20132020, the historical simulated SSM climatology closely agrees with the satellite-based SSM climatologies. Second, the evaluated AquaCrop model is run to quantify the future irrigation requirement, for an ensemble of five GCMs and three different emission scenarios. The simulated net irrigation requirement (Inet) of the three summer months for a near and far future climate period (2031\u20132060 and 2071\u20132100) is compared to the baseline period of 1985\u20132014 to assess changes in the mean and interannual variability of the irrigation demand. Averaged over the continent and the model ensemble, the far future Inet is expected to increase by 22\u2009mm per month (+30\u2009%) under a high-emission scenario Shared Socioeconomic Pathway (SSP) 3\u20137.0. Central and southern Europe are the most impacted, with larger Inet increases. The interannual variability in Inet is likely to increase in northern and central Europe, whereas the variability is expected to decrease in southern regions. Under a high mitigation scenario (SSP1\u20132.6), the increase in Inet will stabilize at around 13\u2009mm per month towards the end of the century, and interannual variability will still increase but to a smaller extent. The results emphasize a large uncertainty in the Inet projected by various GCMs.

", "keywords": ["IMPACTS", "LAND", "Technology", "Environmental Engineering", "AGRICULTURE", "DEFICIT IRRIGATION", "SIMULATE YIELD RESPONSE", "0207 environmental engineering", "UNCERTAINTY", "02 engineering and technology", "CROP WATER PRODUCTIVITY", "Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering", "01 natural sciences", "0905 Civil Engineering", "G", "DATA ASSIMILATION", "Geography. Anthropology. Recreation", "GE1-350", "Geosciences", " Multidisciplinary", "TD1-1066", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Science & Technology", "3707 Hydrology", "T", "Geology", "15. Life on land", "TRENDS", "6. Clean water", "MODEL", "Environmental sciences", "0907 Environmental Engineering", "13. Climate action", "Physical Sciences", "Water Resources", "4013 Geomatic engineering", "0406 Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience", "3709 Physical geography and environmental geoscience"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://hess.copernicus.org/articles/26/3731/2022/hess-26-3731-2022.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/20.500.14017/81a6df94-d40c-4db1-86dc-539a3cb8aaf8"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Hydrology%20and%20Earth%20System%20Sciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "20.500.14017/81a6df94-d40c-4db1-86dc-539a3cb8aaf8", "name": "item", "description": "20.500.14017/81a6df94-d40c-4db1-86dc-539a3cb8aaf8", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/20.500.14017/81a6df94-d40c-4db1-86dc-539a3cb8aaf8"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-01-12T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "11585/910145", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:22:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-11-09", "title": "The International Soil Moisture Network: serving Earth system science for over a decade", "description": "

Abstract. In\u00a02009, the International Soil Moisture Network\u00a0(ISMN) was initiated as a community effort, funded by the European Space Agency, to serve as a centralised data hosting facility for globally available in situ soil moisture measurements (Dorigo et\u00a0al.,\u00a02011b, a). The ISMN brings together in situ soil moisture measurements collected and freely shared by a multitude of organisations, harmonises them in terms of units and sampling rates, applies advanced quality control, and stores them in a database. Users can freely retrieve the data from this database through an online web portal (https://ismn.earth/en/, last access: 28\u00a0October\u00a02021). Meanwhile, the ISMN has evolved into the primary in situ soil moisture reference database worldwide, as evidenced by more than 3000\u00a0active users and over 1000\u00a0scientific publications referencing the data sets provided by the network. As of July\u00a02021, the ISMN now contains the data of 71\u00a0networks and 2842\u00a0stations located all over the globe, with a time period spanning from\u00a01952 to the present. The number of networks and stations covered by the ISMN is still growing, and approximately 70\u2009% of the data sets contained in the database continue to be updated on a regular or irregular basis. The main scope of this paper is to inform readers about the evolution of the ISMN over the past decade, including a description of network and data set updates and quality control procedures. A comprehensive review of the existing literature making use of ISMN data is also provided in order to identify current limitations in functionality and data usage and to shape priorities for the next decade of operations of this unique community-based data repository.

", "keywords": ["[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "Technology", "Atmospheric Science", "550", "Soil Moisture", "TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)", "02 engineering and technology", "Soil Moisture; ISMN; IMA_CAN1; swc; STEMS", "SMOS BRIGHTNESS TEMPERATURE", "Spatial variability", "Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering", "01 natural sciences", "Agency (philosophy)", "remote sensing", "Antecedent wetness conditions", "Engineering", "Geography. Anthropology. Recreation", "GE1-350", "Geosciences", " Multidisciplinary", "TD1-1066", "Smos brightness temperature", "Heihe river-basin", "T", "Soil Water Retention", "Geology", "Leaf-area index", "004", "FOS: Philosophy", " ethics and religion", "Programming language", "HEIHE RIVER-BASIN", "Earth and Planetary Sciences", "Physical Sciences", "Water Resources", "name=Water Science and Technology", "/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1900/1901", "Medicine", "0406 Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience", "name=Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)", "3709 Physical geography and environmental geoscience", "Mechanics and Transport in Unsaturated Soils", "Environmental Engineering", "SPATIAL VARIABILITY", "IN-SITU MEASUREMENTS", "0207 environmental engineering", "Epistemology", "0905 Civil Engineering", "Environmental science", "G", "Database", "LAND DATA ASSIMILATION", "Soil Moisture; network", "WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK", "Arctic Permafrost Dynamics and Climate Change", "Scope (computer science)", "Land data assimilation", "Civil and Structural Engineering", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/550", "Science & Technology", "3707 Hydrology", "Consecutive dry days", "LEAF-AREA INDEX", "in situ", "FOS: Environmental engineering", "AMSR-E", "15. Life on land", "Remote Sensing of Soil Moisture", "ANTECEDENT WETNESS CONDITIONS", "Globe", "Computer science", "Environmental sciences", "QE Geology", "0907 Environmental Engineering", "Philosophy", "Ophthalmology", "In-situ measurements", "13. Climate action", "ITC-ISI-JOURNAL-ARTICLE", "global scale", "Environmental Science", "G70.212-70.215 Geographic information system", "4013 Geomatic engineering", "soil moisture", "CONSECUTIVE DRY DAYS", "ITC-GOLD", "/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2300/2312", "Wireless sensor network"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://iris.polito.it/bitstream/11583/2998914/1/prod_447100-doc_161016.pdf"}, {"href": "https://iris.polito.it/bitstream/11583/2998914/2/prod_447100-doc_178365.pdf"}, {"href": "https://cris.unibo.it/bitstream/11585/910145/1/Dourigo_etal_2021.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/11585/910145"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Hydrology%20and%20Earth%20System%20Sciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "11585/910145", "name": "item", "description": "11585/910145", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/11585/910145"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-11-09T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "1854/LU-01GM39MMFY2YP4FTDY102R50HB", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:22:39Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-11-17", "title": "Spatiotemporal Prediction and Mapping of Heavy Metals at Regional Scale Using Regression Methods and Landsat 7", "description": "

Soil contamination by heavy metals is of particular concern, due to the direct negative impact on crop yield, food quality and human health. Although the conventional approach to monitor heavy metals relies on field sampling and lab analysis, the proliferation in the use of portable spectrometers has reduced the cost and time of investigation. However, discrepancies in spectral data from different spectrometers increase the modeling time and undermine the model accuracy for spatial mapping. This study, therefore, took advantage of the readily accessible Landsat 7 data to predict and map the spatiotemporal distribution of ten heavy metals (i.e., Sb, Pb, Ni, Mn, Hg, Cu, Cr, Co, Cd and As) over a 640 km2 area in Belgium. The Land Use/Cover Area Frame Survey (LUCAS) database of a region in north-eastern Belgium was used to retrieve variation in heavy metals concentrations over time and space, using the Landsat 7 imagery for four single dates in 2009, 2013, 2016 and 2020. Three regression methods, namely, partial least squares regression (PLSR), random forest (RF) and support vector machine (SVM) were used to model and predict the heavy metal concentrations for 2009. By comparing these models unbiasedly, the best model was selected for predicting and mapping the heavy metal distributions for 2013, 2016 and 2020. RF turned out to be the optimal model for 2009 with a coefficient of determination of prediction (R2P) and residual prediction deviation of prediction (RPDP) ranging from 0.62 to 0.92, and 1.23 to 2.79, respectively. The measured heavy metal distributions along the river floodplains, at the highlands and in the lowlands, were generally high, compared to their RF spatiotemporal predictions, which decreased over time. Increasing moisture contents in the floodplains adjacent to the river channels and the lowlands were the primary contributors to the reduction in the satellite reflectance spectra. However, topsoil erosion from rainfall, snowmelt as well as wind into the lowlands could have influenced the reduction in heavy metal spatiotemporal predicted values over time in the highlands. The spatiotemporal prediction maps produced for the heavy metals for the four different years revealed a good spatial similarity and consistency with the measured maps for 2009, which indicates their stability over the years.

", "keywords": ["Technology", "PROVINCE", "Landsat 7", "analysis", "Science", "Environmental Sciences & Ecology", "random forest (RF)", "MOISTURE", "01 natural sciences", "NIR SPECTROSCOPY", "0203 Classical Physics", "Remote Sensing", "0909 Geomatic Engineering", "spatiotemporal analysis", "AGRICULTURAL SOILS", "Geosciences", " Multidisciplinary", "Imaging Science & Photographic Technology", "spatiotemporal", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Science & Technology", "RANGE", "Q", "Geology", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "3. Good health", "MULTIVARIATE", "TOPSOILS", "13. Climate action", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "Physical Sciences", "soil heavy metal; Landsat 7; partial least squares regression (PLSR); random forest (RF); support vector machine (SVM); spatiotemporal analysis", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "support vector machine (SVM)", "4013 Geomatic engineering", "0406 Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience", "soil heavy metal", "partial least squares regression (PLSR)", "Life Sciences & Biomedicine", "3701 Atmospheric sciences", "Environmental Sciences", "3709 Physical geography and environmental geoscience"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/22/4615/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/22/4615/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/1854/LU-01GM39MMFY2YP4FTDY102R50HB"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Remote%20Sensing", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "1854/LU-01GM39MMFY2YP4FTDY102R50HB", "name": "item", "description": "1854/LU-01GM39MMFY2YP4FTDY102R50HB", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/1854/LU-01GM39MMFY2YP4FTDY102R50HB"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-11-16T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "1871.1/270d8bb4-64f4-4f60-b44e-492fcf327fc8", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:22:40Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-02-09", "title": "Improving the fire weather index system for peatlands using peat-specific hydrological input data", "description": "

Abstract. The Canadian Fire Weather Index (FWI) system, even though originally developed and calibrated for an upland Jack pine forest, is used globally to estimate fire danger for any fire environment. However, for some environments, such as peatlands, the applicability of the FWI in its current form, is often questioned. In this study, we replaced the original moisture codes of the FWI with hydrological estimates resulting from the assimilation of satellite-based L-band passive microwave observations into a peatland-specific land surface model. In a conservative approach that maintains the integrity of the original FWI structure, the distributions of the hydrological estimates were first matched to those of the corresponding original moisture codes before replacement. The resulting adapted FWI, hereafter called FWIpeat, was evaluated using satellite-based information on fire presence over boreal peatlands from 2010 through 2018. Adapting the FWI with model- and satellite-based hydrological information was found to be beneficial in estimating fire danger, especially when replacing the deeper moisture codes of the FWI. For late-season fires, further adaptations of the fine fuel moisture code show even more improvement due to the fact that late-season fires are more hydrologically driven. The proposed FWIpeat should enable improved monitoring of fire risk in boreal peatlands.

", "keywords": ["CARBON SINK", "Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering", "01 natural sciences", "G", "4406 Human geography", "Geography. Anthropology. Recreation", "Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences", "GE1-350", "ALGORITHM", "Geosciences", " Multidisciplinary", "TD1-1066", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "QE1-996.5", "Science & Technology", "CLIMATE-CHANGE", "Strategic", " Defence & Security Studies", "CONSUMPTION", "Geology", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Environmental sciences", "SEVERITY", "0403 Geology", "0911 Maritime Engineering", "13. Climate action", "Physical Sciences", "Water Resources", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "0406 Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience", "3709 Physical geography and environmental geoscience"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://nhess.copernicus.org/articles/24/445/2024/nhess-24-445-2024.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/1871.1/270d8bb4-64f4-4f60-b44e-492fcf327fc8"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Natural%20Hazards%20and%20Earth%20System%20Sciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "1871.1/270d8bb4-64f4-4f60-b44e-492fcf327fc8", "name": "item", "description": "1871.1/270d8bb4-64f4-4f60-b44e-492fcf327fc8", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/1871.1/270d8bb4-64f4-4f60-b44e-492fcf327fc8"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-02-09T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "1959.7/uws:51687", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:22:43Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-05-03", "title": "Soil amendments with ethylene precursor alleviate negative impacts of salinity on soil microbial properties and productivity", "description": "Abstract

Some microbes enhance stress tolerance in plants by minimizing plant ethylene levels via degradation of its immediate precursor, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC), in the rhizosphere. In return, ACC is used by these microbes as a source of nitrogen. This mutualistic relationship between plants and microbes may be used to promote soil properties in stressful environments. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that amendments of ACC in soils reshape the structure of soil microbiome and alleviate the negative impacts of salinity on soil properties. We treated non-saline and artificially-developed saline soils with ACC in different concentrations for 14 days. The structure of soil microbiome, soil microbial properties and productivity were examined. Our results revealed that microbial composition of bacteria, archaea and fungi in saline soils was affected by ACC amendments; whereas community composition in non-saline soils was not affected. The amendments of ACC could not fully counteract the negative effects of salinity on soil microbial activities and productivity, but increased the abundance of ACC deaminase-encoding gene (acdS), enhanced soil microbial respiration, enzymatic activity, nitrogen and carbon cycling potentials and Arabidopsis biomass in saline soils. Collectively, our study indicates that ACC amendments in soils could efficiently ameliorate salinity impacts on soil properties and plant biomass production.

Abstract. Hydro-pedotransfer functions\u00a0(PTFs) relate easy-to-measure and readily available soil information to soil hydraulic properties\u00a0(SHPs) for applications in a wide range of process-based and empirical models, thereby enabling the assessment of soil hydraulic effects on hydrological, biogeochemical, and ecological processes. At least more than 4 decades of research have been invested to derive such relationships. However, while models, methods, data storage capacity, and computational efficiency have advanced, there are fundamental concerns related to the scope and adequacy of current PTFs, particularly when applied to parameterise models used at the field scale and beyond. Most of the PTF development process has focused on refining and advancing the regression methods, while fundamental aspects have remained largely unconsidered. Most soil systems are not represented in PTFs, which have been built mostly for agricultural soils in temperate climates. Thus, existing PTFs largely ignore how parent material, vegetation, land use, and climate affect processes that shape SHPs. The PTFs used to parameterise the Richards\u2013Richardson equation are mostly limited to predicting parameters of the van\u00a0Genuchten\u2013Mualem soil hydraulic functions, despite sufficient evidence demonstrating their shortcomings. Another fundamental issue relates to the diverging scales of derivation and application, whereby PTFs are derived based on laboratory measurements while often being applied at the field to regional scales. Scaling, modulation, and constraining strategies exist to alleviate some of these shortcomings in the mismatch between scales. These aspects are addressed here in a joint effort by the members of the International Soil Modelling Consortium\u00a0(ISMC) Pedotransfer Functions Working Group with the aim of systematising PTF research and providing a roadmap guiding both PTF development and use. We close with a 10-point catalogue for funders and researchers to guide review processes and research.

", "keywords": ["Technology", "550", "Bodenanalyse", "Modell", "SPHAGNUM MOSS", "Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering", "630", "Ing\u00e9nierie", " informatique & technologie", "Biogeochemical process", "Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)", "Geography. Anthropology. Recreation", "GE1-350", "SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY", "Geosciences", " Multidisciplinary", "TD1-1066", "Water Science and Technology", "2. Zero hunger", "T", "Geology", "Hydraulics effects", "Agriculture & agronomy", "Life sciences", "Daten", "Pedo-transfer functions", "6. Clean water", "Soil hydraulics", "REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY", "Roadmap", "Physical Sciences", "Sciences du vivant", "Water Resources", "SOIL-WATER-RETENTION", "0406 Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience", "3709 Physical geography and environmental geoscience", "Process-based modeling", "Environmental Engineering", "Physique", " chimie", " math\u00e9matiques & sciences de la terre", "PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES", "SENSITIVITY-ANALYSIS", "Soil hydraulic properties", "0905 Civil Engineering", "333", "G", "Physical", " chemical", " mathematical & earth Sciences", "Empirical model", "Agriculture & agronomie", "Life Science", "UNSATURATED CONDUCTIVITY", "SEASONAL-CHANGES", "Pedotransfer functions", "HYSTERETIC MOISTURE PROPERTIES", "info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/550", "Science & Technology", "3707 Hydrology", "Physikochemische Bodeneigenschaft", "500", "15. Life on land", "Engineering", " computing & technology", "Sciences de la terre & g\u00e9ographie physique", "Environmental sciences", "0907 Environmental Engineering", "13. Climate action", "ITC-ISI-JOURNAL-ARTICLE", "Earth sciences & physical geography", "HETEROGENEOUS SOILS", "4013 Geomatic engineering", "ITC-GOLD", "Hydrological process"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://orbi.uliege.be/bitstream/2268/321088/1/hess-28-3391-2024.pdf"}, {"href": "https://hess.copernicus.org/articles/28/3391/2024/hess-28-3391-2024.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/20.500.11850/688246"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Hydrology%20and%20Earth%20System%20Sciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "20.500.11850/688246", "name": "item", "description": "20.500.11850/688246", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/20.500.11850/688246"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-07-29T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2078.1/246530", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:22:54Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-04-13", "title": "Modern silicon dynamics of a small high-latitude subarctic lake", "description": "

Abstract. High biogenic silica (BSi) concentrations occur sporadically in lake sediments throughout the world; however, the processes leading to high BSi concentrations vary. We explored the factors responsible for the high BSi concentration in sediments of a small, high-latitude subarctic lake (Lake 850). The Si budget of this lake had not been fully characterized before to establish the drivers of BSi accumulation in this environment. To do this, we combined measurements of variations in stream discharge, dissolved silica (DSi) concentrations, and stable Si isotopes in both lake and stream water with measurements of BSi content in lake sediments. Water, radon, and Si mass balances revealed the importance of groundwater discharge as a main source of DSi to the lake, with groundwater-derived DSi inputs 3 times higher than those from ephemeral stream inlets. After including all external DSi sources (i.e., inlets and groundwater discharge) and estimating the total BSi accumulation in the sediment, we show that diatom production consumes up to 79\u2009% of total DSi input. Additionally, low sediment accumulation rates were observed based on the dated gravity core. Our findings thus demonstrate that groundwater discharge and low mass accumulation rate can account for the high BSi accumulation during the last 150\u2009cal\u2009yr\u2009BP. Globally, lakes have been estimated to retain one-fifth of the annual DSi terrestrial weathering flux that would otherwise be delivered to the ocean. Well-constrained lake mass balances, such as presented here, bring clarity to those estimates of the terrestrial Si cycle sinks.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "QE1-996.5", "550", "Ecology", "Geology", "Multidisciplin\u00e4r geovetenskap", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Life", "13. Climate action", "QH501-531", "Earth Sciences", "14. Life underwater", "Geosciences", " Multidisciplinary", "QH540-549.5", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://bg.copernicus.org/articles/18/2325/2021/bg-18-2325-2021.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/2078.1/246530"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biogeosciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2078.1/246530", "name": "item", "description": "2078.1/246530", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2078.1/246530"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-12-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2078.1/267255", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:22:55Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-11-17", "title": "Hydraulic flux\u2013responsive hormone redistribution determines root branching", "description": "

Plant roots exhibit plasticity in their branching patterns to forage efficiently for heterogeneously distributed resources, such as soil water. The xerobranching response represses lateral root formation when roots lose contact with water. Here, we show that xerobranching is regulated by radial movement of the phloem-derived hormone abscisic acid, which disrupts intercellular communication between inner and outer cell layers through plasmodesmata. Closure of these intercellular pores disrupts the inward movement of the hormone signal auxin, blocking lateral root branching. Once root tips regain contact with moisture, the abscisic acid response rapidly attenuates. Our study reveals how roots adapt their branching pattern to heterogeneous soil water conditions by linking changes in hydraulic flux with dynamic hormone redistribution.

", "keywords": ["580", "0301 basic medicine", "0303 health sciences", "Multidisciplinary", "550", "Indoleacetic Acids", "Plasmodesmata", "Arabidopsis", "Water", "Phloem", "15. Life on land", "Plant Roots", "Soil", "03 medical and health sciences", "Plant Growth Regulators", "Abscisic Acid"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/180301/1/Poonam_add3771_Main_manuscript.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/2078.1/267255"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2078.1/267255", "name": "item", "description": "2078.1/267255", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2078.1/267255"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-11-18T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "21.11116/0000-000E-A4F4-5", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:22:56Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-03-06", "title": "Reply to: Model uncertainty obscures major driver of soil carbon", "description": "International audience", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean", "1000 Multidisciplinary", "0303 health sciences", "Multidisciplinary", "Atmosphere", "[SDU.OCEAN] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean", " Atmosphere", "Uncertainty", "[SDU.ENVI] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", " environment", "03 medical and health sciences", "10122 Institute of Geography", "[SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", "910 Geography & travel", "environment"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-023-07000-9.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/21.11116/0000-000E-A4F4-5"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Nature", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "21.11116/0000-000E-A4F4-5", "name": "item", "description": "21.11116/0000-000E-A4F4-5", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/21.11116/0000-000E-A4F4-5"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-03-06T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2164/23373", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:22:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-11-29", "title": "Connecting the multiple dimensions of global soil fungal diversity", "description": "

How the multiple facets of soil fungal diversity vary worldwide remains virtually unknown, hindering the management of this essential species-rich group. By sequencing high-resolution DNA markers in over 4000 topsoil samples from natural and human-altered ecosystems across all continents, we illustrate the distributions and drivers of different levels of taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity of fungi and their ecological groups. We show the impact of precipitation and temperature interactions on local fungal species richness (alpha diversity) across different climates. Our findings reveal how temperature drives fungal compositional turnover (beta diversity) and phylogenetic diversity, linking them with regional species richness (gamma diversity). We integrate fungi into the principles of global biodiversity distribution and present detailed maps for biodiversity conservation and modeling of global ecological processes.

", "keywords": ["Supplementary Data", "QH301 Biology", "Diversity (politics)", "Plant Science", "Biodiversity conservation", "Fungal Diversity", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Soil", "Life", "Sociology", "WATER", "Global biodiversity distribution", "Fungal diversity", "Phylogeny", "Soil Microbiology", "2. Zero hunger", "Multidisciplinary", "Earth", " Environmental", " Ecological", " and Space Sciences", "Geography", "Ecology", "soil fungal diversity", "4. Education", "SPECIES RICHNESS", "Life Sciences", "https://www.science.org/doi/suppl/10.1126/sciadv.adj8016/suppl_file/sciadv.adj8016_sm.pdf", "Biodiversity", "FOS: Sociology", "global biodiversity distribution", "sienet", "https://www.science.org/doi/suppl/10.1126/sciadv.adj8016/suppl_file/sciadv.adj8016_tables_s1_to_s13.zip", "Diversity and Evolution of Fungal Pathogens", "570", "Supplementary Information", "DNA markers", "QH301", "Sequencing high-resolution DNA", "Biochemistry", " Genetics and Molecular Biology", "monimuotoisuus", "Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions", "Life Science", "Humans", "14. Life underwater", "General", "Global ecological processes", "Biology", "Ecosystem", "Ecology", " Evolution", " Behavior and Systematics", "global ecological processes", "Soil fungal diversity", "microbiology", "Fungi", "Water", "Cell Biology", "15. Life on land", "luonnon monimuotoisuus", "Agronomy", "biodiversiteetti", "LIFE", "ekosysteemit (ekologia)", "Evolution and Ecology of Endophyte-Grass Symbiosis", "13. Climate action", "Ecology", " evolutionary biology", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Anthropology", "ta1181", "biodiversity conservation", "CBCE", "Species richness"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.science.org/doi/epdf/10.1126/sciadv.adj8016"}, {"href": "https://iris.unica.it/bitstream/11584/447894/1/Mikryukov%20et%20al_Science%20Advances%202023.pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.science.org/doi/pdf/10.1126/sciadv.adj8016"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/2164/23373"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20Advances", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2164/23373", "name": "item", "description": "2164/23373", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2164/23373"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "3207901193", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:23:28Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-10-21", "title": "Sentinel-2 Recognition of Uncovered and Plastic Covered Agricultural Soil", "description": "

Medium resolution satellite data, such as Sentinel-2 of the Copernicus programme, offer great new opportunities for the agricultural sector, and provide insights on soil surface characteristics and their management. Soil monitoring requires a high-quality dataset of uncovered and plastic covered agricultural soil. We developed a methodology to identify uncovered soil pixels in agricultural parcels during seedbed preparation and considered the impacts of clouds and shadows, vegetation cover, and artificial covers, such as those of greenhouses and plastic mulch films. We preserved the spatial and temporal integrity of parcels in the process and analysed spectral anomalies and their sources. The approach is based on freely available tools, namely Google Earth Engine and R Programming packages. We tested the methodology on the northern region of Belgium, which is characterised by small, fragmented parcels. We selected a period between mid-April to end-May, when active agricultural management practices leave the soil bare in preparation for the main cropping season. The spectral angle mapper was used to identify soil covered by non-plastic greenhouses or temporary soil covers, such as plastic mulch films. The effect of underlying soil on temporary covers was considered. The retrogressive plastic greenhouse index was used for detecting plastic greenhouses. The result was a high quality dataset of potential bare uncovered agricultural soil that allows further soil surface characterisation. This offered an improved understanding of the use of artificial covers, their spatial distribution, and their corresponding crops during the considered period. Artificial covers occurred most frequently in maize parcels. The approach resulted in precision values exceeding 0.9 for the detection of temporary covers and non-plastic greenhouses and a sensitivity value exceeding 0.95 for non-plastic and plastic greenhouses.

", "keywords": ["Technology", "SURFACE", "Science", "Environmental Sciences & Ecology", "TEXTURE", "artificial cover", "ALMERIA", "0203 Classical Physics", "soil", "Remote Sensing", "SUPPORT", "0909 Geomatic Engineering", "Geosciences", " Multidisciplinary", "Imaging Science & Photographic Technology", "agriculture", "2. Zero hunger", "plastic mulch", "Science & Technology", "IDENTIFICATION", "soil; agriculture; Sentinel-2; artificial cover; plastic mulch", "Q", "Geology", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "CLOUD", "REFLECTANCE", "RESOLUTION", "13. Climate action", "Physical Sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "4013 Geomatic engineering", "Sentinel-2", "GREENHOUSE", "0406 Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience", "Life Sciences & Biomedicine", "3701 Atmospheric sciences", "Environmental Sciences", "3709 Physical geography and environmental geoscience"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/21/4195/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/21/4195/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/3207901193"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Remote%20Sensing", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "3207901193", "name": "item", "description": "3207901193", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/3207901193"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-10-20T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "38448699", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:23:36Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-03-06", "title": "Reply to: Model uncertainty obscures major driver of soil carbon", "description": "International audience", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean", "1000 Multidisciplinary", "0303 health sciences", "Multidisciplinary", "Atmosphere", "[SDU.OCEAN] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean", " Atmosphere", "Uncertainty", "[SDU.ENVI] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", " environment", "03 medical and health sciences", "10122 Institute of Geography", "[SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", "910 Geography & travel", "environment"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-023-07000-9.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/38448699"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Nature", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "38448699", "name": "item", "description": "38448699", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/38448699"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-03-06T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "553a933114d7d1405413ee4a17e42f88", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:23:55Z", "type": "Report", "title": "A two-step adaptive walk rewires nutrient transport in a challenging edaphic environment", "description": "Most well-characterized cases of adaptation involve single genetic loci. Theory suggests that multilocus adaptive walks should be common, but these are challenging to identify in natural populations. Here, we combine trait mapping with population genetic modeling to show that a two-step process rewired nutrient homeostasis in a population of Arabidopsis as it colonized the base of an active stratovolcano characterized by extremely low soil manganese (Mn). First, a variant that disrupted the primary iron (Fe) uptake transporter gene (IRT1) swept quickly to fixation in a hard selective sweep, increasing Mn but limiting Fe in the leaves. Second, multiple independent tandem duplications occurred at NRAMP1 and together rose to near fixation in the island population, compensating the loss of IRT1 by improving Fe homeostasis. This study provides a clear case of a multilocus adaptive walk and reveals how genetic variants reshaped a phenotype and spread over space and time.", "keywords": ["Multidisciplinary", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Tergemina, Emmanuel, Elfarargi, Ahmed F., Flis, Paulina, Fulgione, Andrea, Scholle, Marleen, Xerri, Sophie Asako, Zicola, Johan, Dinis, Herculano, Salt, David E., Hancock, Angela M.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/553a933114d7d1405413ee4a17e42f88"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "553a933114d7d1405413ee4a17e42f88", "name": "item", "description": "553a933114d7d1405413ee4a17e42f88", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/553a933114d7d1405413ee4a17e42f88"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "PMC12058966", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:24:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-05-07", "title": "A hybrid in situ and on-screen survey to monitor gully erosion across the European Union", "description": "Abstract

After the successful mapping of gully erosion channels in the 2018 Eurostat Land Use/Cover Area Frame (topsoil) statistical survey (LUCAS, n\uffe2\uff80\uff89=\uffe2\uff80\uff8924,759 locations), the methodology was further expanded across the full LUCAS 2022 survey (n\uffe2\uff80\uff89=\uffe2\uff80\uff89399,591 locations). This expert-based assessment identifies the presence or absence of gully erosion forms at each LUCAS location. Its goal is to improve understanding of gully erosion geography in the EU and develop forecasting methods to support soil health indicators proposed by the new Directive on Soil Monitoring and Resilience (COM(2023)416) and Common Agricultural Policy monitoring. Here, we present the findings of our analysis which led to the development and validation of the LUCAS Gully Erosion Model (GE-LUCAS v1.1), a pan-European inventory of gully erosion channels comprising 3,116 locations (~0.8% of all monitored locations) affected by gully erosion throughout the European Union. We further present gully erosion patterns and provide insights on how GE-LUCAS v1.1 inventory can be used to estimate the probability of gully occurrence in areas beyond the monitored locations.