{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1002/chem.202002602", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-19T16:14:13Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-08-27", "title": "May Trifluoromethylation and Polymerization of Styrene Occur from a Perfluorinated Persistent Radical (PPFR)?", "description": "Abstract

The radical polymerization of styrene (St) initiated by a trifluoromethyl radical generated from a perfluorinated highly branched persistent radical (PPFR) is presented with an isolated yield above 70\uffe2\uff80\uff89%. The release of .CF3 radical occurred from a temperature above 85\uffe2\uff80\uff89\uffc2\uffb0C. Deeper 1H and 19F\uffe2\uff80\uff85NMR spectroscopies of the resulting fluorinated polystyrenes (CF3\uffe2\uff80\uff90PSts) evidenced the presence of both CF3 end\uffe2\uff80\uff90group of the PSt chain and the trifluoromethylation of the phenyl ring (in meta\uffe2\uff80\uff90position mainly). [PPFR]0/[St]0 initial molar ratios of 3:1, 3:10 and 3:100 led to various molar masses ranging from 1750 to 5400\uffe2\uff80\uff85g\uffe2\uff80\uff89mol\uffe2\uff88\uff921 in 70\uffe2\uff80\uff9386\uffe2\uff80\uff89% yields. MALDI\uffe2\uff80\uff90TOF spectrometry of such CF3\uffe2\uff80\uff90PSts highlighted polymeric distributions which evidenced differences between m/z fragments of 104 and 172 corresponding to styrene and trifluoromethyl styrene units, respectively. Such CF3\uffe2\uff80\uff90PSt polymers were also compared to conventional PSts produced from the radical polymerization of St initiated by a peroxydicarbonate initiator. A mechanism of the polymerization is presented showing the formation of a trifluoromethyl styrene first, followed by its radical (co)polymerization with styrene. The thermal properties (thermal stability and glass transition temperature, Tg) of these polymers were also compared and revealed a much better thermal stability of the CF3\uffe2\uff80\uff90PSt (10\uffe2\uff80\uff89% weight loss at 356\uffe2\uff80\uff93376\uffe2\uff80\uff89\uffc2\uffb0C) and a Tg of around 70\uffe2\uff80\uff89\uffc2\uffb0C.The study of different natural carbon sinks has become especially important because of climate change effects. The restoration of contaminated areas can be an ideal strategy for carbon sequestration. The studied area was affected by toxic Aznalc\uffc3\uffb3llar mine spill in 1998. Restoration process of the contaminated area was based, mainly, on the use of two organic amendments: leonardite (LE) and biosolid compost (BC). The objective of this study was to verify whether the application of these amendments promotes the long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term carbon sequestration in this soil. Five treatments were established: untreated control, biosolid compost (doses 4 and 2) and leonardite (doses 4 and 2). The addition of amendments implied an improvement in soil quality that was directly related to the amendment dose: decrease in bulk density, increase in pH, higher respiration rates and an improvement in the stratification ratio. Dose\uffe2\uff80\uff90dependent changes in the molecular composition of soil organic matter were shown by nuclear magnetic resonance analysis. Both amendments promoted carbon retention, although because of the low mineralization rates of soil organic matter in LE treatments, the carbon storage was higher. The dosage effect on the carbon balance was more important in LE treatments, whereas in the BC treatments, the balance was similar for both doses. Our findings suggest that LE4 significantly increased the total organic carbon and it was the most suitable treatment for long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term carbon storage, because of its molecular composition rich in relatively stable aromatic and lignin\uffe2\uff80\uff90derived compounds. Copyright \uffc2\uffa9 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "570", "trace element contaminated soil", "13C NMR", "[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]", "Trace element contaminated soil", "leonardite", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Biosolid compost", "6. Clean water", "[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]", "13. Climate action", "biosolid compost", "C sequestration", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "C-13 NMR", "Leonardite"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.2466"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Land%20Degradation%20%26amp%3B%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/ldr.2466", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/ldr.2466", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/ldr.2466"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-12-29T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00374-007-0254-2", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-19T16:14:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-12-10", "title": "Soil Organic Phosphorus And Microbial Community Composition As Affected By 26 Years Of Different Management Strategies", "description": "Open AccessBiology and Fertility of Soils, 44 (5)", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "550", "crop rotation; FAME; microbial community composition; solution P-31 NMR spectroscopy; soil organic phosphorus", "microbial community composition", "Solution 31P NMR spectroscopy", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "solution P-31 NMR spectroscopy", "15. Life on land", "soil organic phosphorus", "630", "6. Clean water", "FAME", "Microbial community composition", "crop rotation", "Crop rotation", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Soil organic phosphorus"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-007-0254-2"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biology%20and%20Fertility%20of%20Soils", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00374-007-0254-2", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00374-007-0254-2", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00374-007-0254-2"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-12-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10705-010-9377-1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-19T16:14:45Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-06-03", "title": "Quality Of Soil Organic Matter And C Storage As Influenced By Cropping Systems In Northwestern Alberta, Canada", "description": "Crop rotations and reduction in tillage are commonly recommended for sustained crop production and enhancing soil quality. Our objective was to evaluate the long-term effects of cropping systems (1968\u20131992) on soil structure, carbon storage and the quality of soil organic matter. The study was conducted on a silt clay loam soil (Typic Cryoboralf) near Beaverlodge, Alberta, The cropping systems were: (a) continuous barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) (CB); (b) continuous bromegrass (Bromus inermiss Leyess.) (CG); (c) continuous forage legume (Medicago sativa L. until 1977, and Trifolium pratense L. since 1978) (CL); and (d) 3\u00a0years of bromegrass-legume forage alternating with 3\u00a0years of barley (RF). Our data showed that the CG and CL treatments had more stable aggregates with greater mean weight diameter (MWD) than soil under continuous barley. Organic C, total N and the light fraction in soil under CG and CL were higher than those of the other two treatments. Soil under CG had the highest and CB the lowest amounts of acid-hydrolyzable monosacchrides (comprising glucose, arabinose, xylose, mannose and galactose). Higher galactose\u00a0+\u00a0mannose concentration in soil under CG indicated a higher soil microbiological activity. Microbial biomass C and N followed the trend among treatments in whole and light fraction organic matter, and total extracted sugars. Soil organic matter 13C-NMR spectroscopy showed that: (i) soil under CB contained the highest amounts of aromatic and the lowest content of aliphatic-C, (ii) soil under CL had the lowest phenolic-C and the least aromaticity, and (iii) soil under CG and RF had the highest amounts of aliphatic-C which includes labile substances such as amino acids and carbohydrates, indicating an improvement in the quality of organic matter. It is concluded that perennial forage crops can improve soil structure and soil organic matter quality and quantity as compared with cereal monoculture.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Aggregation", "13C-NMR spectroscopy", "Carbon storage", "Carbohydrates", "Microbial biomass", "Light fraction organic matter", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Arshad, M. A., Soon, Y. K., Ripmeester, J. A,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10705-010-9377-1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Nutrient%20Cycling%20in%20Agroecosystems", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10705-010-9377-1", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10705-010-9377-1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10705-010-9377-1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-06-04T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2009.01.009", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-19T16:15:42Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-02-08", "title": "Effects Of Organic And Inorganic Amendments On Soil Organic Matter Properties", "description": "article i nfo The aim of this work was to investigate the effects of long-term application of different organic fertilizers (sewage sludge, farmyard manure, compost) as compared to mineral fertilizer on the structure of the soil organic matter. Capillary electrophoresis was employed for the quantification of monosaccharides and phenolic compounds, whereas NMR and FT-IR were used for the overall characterization of the soils organic matter. Application of farmyard manure results in a higher content of organic matter derived from angiosperms, suggested by the higher levels of syringic and vanillic phenols. Spectroscopic studies show an increase of lignin and lignin-like products in the organic matter of the soil, which may be derived from the cereal straw supplied with farmyard manure. According to spectroscopic analysis, 13 C CPMAS-NMR and FT-IR spectra, higher contents of methylene groups (- CH2) from proteins and protein-like compounds, as well as higher levels of carbohydrates, were found in the soil supplied with compost. The monosaccharide (rhamnose, xylose, glucose, mannose, arabinose, fucose and galactose) content was not significantly influenced by the different organic fertilizers, suggesting that the type of amendment used does not affect any of these six studied monomers. Comparing the three organic amendments the most significant differences were observed after long-term application of farmyard manure, with an increase in lignin and lignin-like products in the soil organic matter, and compost, which appears to contribute to an increase of protein and protein-like, as well as carbohydrates content on soil organic matter. The knowledge of such changes can be essential to understand the sorption and bioavailability of pollutants, as well as establish/ unestablish ways to recycling organic residues as organic fertilizers.", "keywords": ["Organic matter characterization", "FT-IR", "2. Zero hunger", "CZE", "13C NMR", "Phenols", "13. Climate action", "Soil amendment", "Monosaccharide", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2009.01.009"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2009.01.009", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2009.01.009", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2009.01.009"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.02.021", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-19T16:16:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-03-08", "title": "Biodegradability Of Organic Matter In Fire-Affected Mineral Soils Of Southern Spain", "description": "Open AccessIncorporated into the soil, naturally formed pyrogenic organic matter (PyOM) is considered as highly recalcitrant, but direct estimation of PyOM decomposition rates are scarce. With this aim in mind, we subjected organic matter (OM) of fire-affected and unaffected soils to biochemical degradation under laboratory conditions and monitored CO2 production over a period of seven months. The soils derived from the Sierra de Aznalc\u00f3llar, Southern Spain, and were sampled 4 weeks and 5 years after a severe fire. Virtual fractionation of the solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of the fire-affected soils into fire-unaffected soil organic matter (SOM) and PyOM yielded charcoal C contributions of 30 to 50% to the total organic C (Corg) of the sample. Fitting the respiration data with a double exponential decay model revealed a fast carbon flush during the first three weeks of the experiment. Solid-state 13C NMR spectroscopy evidenced the contribution of aromatic moieties of the PyOM to this initial carbon release and to the biosynthesis of new microbial biomass. Considering the loss of microbiologically easily available fresh litter by wildfires, this relatively labile PyOM fraction may contribute to a fast recovery of a fire-affected site. The input of PyOM resulted in an increase of the mean residence time (MRT) of the slow OM pool of the soil by a factor of 3-4 to approximately 40 years. Assuming that under field conditions, the microbial activity corresponds to approximately 10% of the value observed under optimal laboratory conditions, MRTs of 500-600 years were estimated for the slow PyOM pool. The fact that these times are only 5-6 times longer than those calculated for fire-unaffected SOM rises doubts about the presumed big influence of PyOM as an additional C-sink in soils. On the other hand, although being small the difference in turnover rates is evident and has some major implication with respect to long-term alteration of the chemical composition of OM in fire-affected soils. In case of a reduced input of fresh litter, the preferential degradation of fire-unaffected SOM yields in a selective preservation of PyOM. To what extent this can alter soil properties, has still to be elucidated. In cultivated soils rarely affected by fire or with low charcoal input after burning of harvest, the impact of PyOM accumulation may be of minor importance. On the other hand, for soils regularly amended with high amounts of biochar or subjected to frequent natural or prescribed burnings, it may be an important factor.", "keywords": ["Respiration experiments", "Biochar", "Soil organic matter turnover", "Forest fires", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Solid-state NMR spectroscopy", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Virtual fractionation of SOM", "15. Life on land", "Pyrogenic organic matter"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.02.021"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.02.021", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.02.021", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.02.021"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.07.026", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-19T16:16:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-08-17", "title": "Physical, Chemical, And Biochemical Mechanisms Of Soil Organic Matter Stabilization Under Conservation Tillage Systems: A Central Role For Microbes And Microbial By-Products In C Sequestration", "description": "Open AccessPeer reviewed", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Aggregates", "Soil organic matter", "No-tillage", "Microbial biomass", "Organo-mineral complexes", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "12. Responsible consumption", "C sequestrartion", "NMR spectroscopy", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Conservation tillage"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.07.026"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.07.026", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.07.026", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.07.026"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2015.02.008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-19T16:16:16Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-03-13", "title": "Evaluation Of Seasonal Variability Of Soil Biogeochemical Properties In Aggregate-Size Fractioned Soil Under Different Tillages", "description": "Open AccessPeer reviewed", "keywords": ["CP MAS NMR", "2. Zero hunger", "Enzymatic activities", "Conservation agriculture", "Total organic carbon", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "3. Good health", "13. Climate action", "Labile carbon pools", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2015.02.008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2015.02.008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2015.02.008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2015.02.008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1021/acs.est.4c10664", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-19T16:16:23Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-04-18", "title": "An Analytical Workflow to Quantify Biodegradable Polyesters in Soils and Its Application to Incubation Experiments", "description": "Open AccessSoil biodegradable polyesters are designed to undergo to microbial utilization in aerobic soils, forming carbon dioxide and microbial biomass. These polyesters are thus viable substitutes for conventional, persistent polymers (e.g., polyethylene) in specific applications for which the transfer of some of the polymers into the soil is inevitable. While polymer biodegradability is often assessed in laboratory incubations using respirometric analysis of formed CO2, approaches to accurately quantify biodegradable polyesters in soils and to track their mass loss in field incubations over time remain missing. This study first introduces an analytical workflow combining Soxhlet extraction with proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy for the accurate, high-throughput, and chemically selective quantification of eight commercially important biodegradable polyesters (i.e., poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate), polylactic acid, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate), poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate), polycaprolactone, polybutylene adipate, polybutylene azelate, and polybutylene succinate), and the nonbiodegradable polymer polystyrene, in six soils spanning a range of types and physicochemical properties. This work introduces an effective sample deployment-retrieval approach that, combined with the analytical method, allows the biodegradation of poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) and polylactic acid from a biodegradable mulch film in three agricultural soils to be monitored. In combination, the two parts of this work lay the foundation to accurately quantify and monitor biodegradable polymers in soils.", "keywords": ["Soxhlet extraction", "Soxhlet extraction; biodegradable polymer; biodegradation; soil; H-1-NMR; mulch film", "biodegradable polymer", "biodegradation", "H-1-NMR", "mulch film", "soil"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Mattia Cerri, Flora Wille, Silvan Arn, Thomas D. Bucheli, Franco Widmer, Rhayn Werz, Kristopher McNeill, Alessandro Manfrin, Michael Sander,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c10664"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Science%20%26amp%3B%20Technology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1021/acs.est.4c10664", "name": "item", "description": "10.1021/acs.est.4c10664", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1021/acs.est.4c10664"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-04-18T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1039/C7PY00209B", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-19T16:16:41Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-03-07", "title": "Poly(fluoroacrylate)s with tunable surface hydrophobicity via radical copolymerization of 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl \u03b1-fluoroacrylate and 2-(trifluoromethyl)acrylic acid", "description": "

Fluorinated polyacrylates with tunable surface hydrophobicity are preparedviaradical copolymerization of an \u03b1-fluoroacrylate and 2-(trifluoromethyl)acrylic acid.

", "keywords": ["Poly(fluoroacrylate)", "[CHIM.POLY]Chemical Sciences/Polymers", "surface properties", "radical copolymerization", "fluoropolymers", "540", "01 natural sciences", "NMR", "620", "0104 chemical sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2017/PY/C7PY00209B"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1039/C7PY00209B"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Polymer%20Chemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1039/C7PY00209B", "name": "item", "description": "10.1039/C7PY00209B", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1039/C7PY00209B"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1039/c7py00209b", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-19T16:16:41Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-03-07", "title": "Poly(fluoroacrylate)s with tunable surface hydrophobicity via radical copolymerization of 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl \u03b1-fluoroacrylate and 2-(trifluoromethyl)acrylic acid", "description": "

Fluorinated polyacrylates with tunable surface hydrophobicity are preparedviaradical copolymerization of an \u03b1-fluoroacrylate and 2-(trifluoromethyl)acrylic acid.

", "keywords": ["[CHIM.POLY] Chemical Sciences/Polymers", "Poly(fluoroacrylate)", "surface properties", "fluoropolymers", "radical copolymerization", "540", "01 natural sciences", "NMR", "620", "0104 chemical sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2017/PY/C7PY00209B"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1039/c7py00209b"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Polymer%20Chemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1039/c7py00209b", "name": "item", "description": "10.1039/c7py00209b", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1039/c7py00209b"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.2003.00598.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-19T16:16:43Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-05-06", "title": "Soil Organic Matter Biochemistry And Potential Susceptibility To Climatic Change Across The Forest-Tundra Ecotone In The Fennoscandian Mountains", "description": "Abstract

We studied soil organic carbon (C) chemistry at the mountain birch forest\uffe2\uff80\uff90tundra ecotone in three regions of the Fennoscandian mountain range with comparable vegetation cover but contrasting degrees of continentality and latitude. The aim of the study was to identify functional compound classes and their relationships to decomposition and spatial variation across the ecotone and latitudinal gradient. Solid\uffe2\uff80\uff90state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (CPMAS 13C NMR) was used to identify seven functional groups of soil organic C: alkyls, N\uffe2\uff80\uff90alkyls, O\uffe2\uff80\uff90alkyls, acetals, aromatics, phenolics and carboxyls. N\uffe2\uff80\uff90alkyls, O\uffe2\uff80\uff90alkyls and acetals are generally considered labile substrates for a large number of saprotrophic fungi and bacteria, whilst phenolics and aromatics are mainly decomposed by lignolytic organisms and contribute to the formation of soil organic matter together with aliphatic alkyls and carboxyls. All soils contained a similar proportional distribution of functional groups, although relatively high amounts of N\uffe2\uff80\uff90alkyls, O\uffe2\uff80\uff90alkyls and acetals were present in comparison to earlier published studies, suggesting that large amounts of soil C were potentially vulnerable to microbial degradation. Soil organic matter composition was different at the most southerly site (Dovrefjell, Norway), compared with the two more northerly sites (Abisko, Sweden, and Joatka, Norway), with higher concentrations of aromatics and phenolics, as well as pronounced differences in alkyl concentrations between forest and tundra soils. Clear differences between mountain birch forest and tundra heath soil was noted, with generally higher concentrations of labile carbon present in tundra soils. We conclude that, although mesic soils around the forest\uffe2\uff80\uff90tundra ecotone in Fennoscandia are a potential source of C to the atmosphere in a changing environment, the response is likely to vary between comparable ecosystems in relation to latitude and continentality as well as soil properties especially soil nitrogen content and pH.

", "keywords": ["570", "decomposition", "550", "Fennoscandia", "Mass Import - autoclassified (may be erroneous)", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "910", "15. Life on land", "Chemistry", "Soil", "ecotone", "13. Climate action", "soil organic matter", "CPMAS 13C NMR", "Climate change", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2003.00598.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.2003.00598.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.2003.00598.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2003.00598.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2003-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/gcb.15420", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-19T16:17:17Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-03-04", "title": "Microbial inputs at the litter layer translate climate into altered organic matter properties", "description": "

<p>Plant litter chemistry is altered during decomposition but it remains unknown if these alterations, and thus the composition of residual litter, will change in response to climate. Selective microbial mineralization of litter components and the accumulation of microbial necromass can drive litter compositional change, but the extent to which these mechanisms respond to climate remains poorly understood. We addressed this knowledge gap by studying needle litter decomposition along a boreal forest climate transect. Specifically, we investigated how the composition and/or metabolism of the decomposer community varies with climate, and if that variation is associated with distinct modifications of litter chemistry during decomposition. We analyzed the composition of microbial phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) in the litter layer and measured natural abundance δ<sup>13</sup>C<sub>PLFA</sub> values as an integrated measure of microbial metabolisms. Changes in litter chemistry and δ<sup>13</sup>C values were measured in litterbag experiments conducted at each transect site. A warmer climate was associated with higher litter nitrogen concentrations as well as altered microbial community structure (lower fungi:bacteria ratios) and microbial metabolism (higher δ<sup>13</sup>C<sub>PLFA</sub>). Litter in warmer transect regions accumulated less aliphatic‐C (lipids, waxes) and retained more O‐alkyl‐C (carbohydrates), consistent with enhanced <sup>13</sup>C‐enrichment in residual litter, than in colder regions. These results suggest that chemical changes during litter decomposition will change with climate, driven primarily by indirect climate effects (e.g., greater nitrogen availability and decreased fungi:bacteria ratios) rather than direct temperature effects. A positive correlation between microbial biomass δ<sup>13</sup>C values and <sup>13</sup>C‐enrichment during decomposition suggests that change in litter chemistry is driven more by distinct microbial necromass inputs than differences in the selective removal of litter components. Our study highlights the role that microbial inputs during early litter decomposition can play in shaping surface litter contribution to soil organic matter as it responds to climate warming effects such as greater nitrogen availability.</p>

", "keywords": ["DECOMPOSITION", "C-13", "CP‐", "necromass", "litter decomposition", "COMMUNITY COMPOSITION", "Soil", "CARBON SEQUESTRATION", "Taiga", "boreal forest", "bacteria", "C-13 NMR", "TEMPERATURE", "Biochemistry", " cell and molecular biology", "Soil Microbiology", "FUNGAL", "2. Zero hunger", "MAS C-13‐", "Fungi", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "NMR", "6. Clean water", "climate transect", "Plant Leaves", "13. Climate action", "FOREST SOILS", "PLFA", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "fungi", "FATTY-ACIDS", "BULK CARBON", "LIGNIN"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.15420"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15420"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/gcb.15420", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/gcb.15420", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/gcb.15420"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-11-16T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/sum.12198", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-19T16:17:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-07-31", "title": "Long-Term Effects Of Tillage, Nutrient Application And Crop Rotation On Soil Organic Matter Quality Assessed By Nmr Spectroscopy", "description": "Abstract

Crop and land management practices affect both the quality and quantity of soil organic matter (SOM) and hence are driving forces for soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration. The objective of this study was to assess the long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term effects of tillage, fertilizer application and crop rotation onSOCin an agricultural area of southern Norway, where a soil fertility and crop rotation experiment was initiated in 1953 and a second experiment on tillage practices was initiated in 1983. The first experiment comprised 6\uffe2\uff80\uff90yr crop rotations with cereals only and 2\uffe2\uff80\uff90yr cereal and 4\uffe2\uff80\uff90yr grass rotations with recommended (base) and more than the recommended (above base) fertilizer application rates; the second experiment dealt with autumn\uffe2\uff80\uff90ploughed (conventional\uffe2\uff80\uff90till) plots and direct\uffe2\uff80\uff90drilled plots (no\uffe2\uff80\uff90till). Soil samples at 0\uffe2\uff80\uff9310 and 10\uffe2\uff80\uff9330\uffc2\uffa0cm depths were collected in autumn 2009 and analysed for their C and N contents. The quality ofSOMin the top layer was determined by13C solid\uffe2\uff80\uff90stateNMRspectroscopy. TheSOCstock did not differ significantly because of rotation or fertilizer application types, even after 56\uffc2\uffa0yr. However, the no\uffe2\uff80\uff90till system showed a significantly higherSOCstock than the conventional\uffe2\uff80\uff90till system at the 0\uffe2\uff80\uff9310\uffc2\uffa0cm depth after the 26\uffc2\uffa0yr of experiment, but it was not significantly different at the 10\uffe2\uff80\uff9330\uffc2\uffa0cm depth. In terms of quality,SOMwas found to differ by tillage type, rate of fertilizer application and crop rotation. The no\uffe2\uff80\uff90till system showed an abundance of O\uffe2\uff80\uff90alkyl C, while conventional\uffe2\uff80\uff90till system indicated an apparently indirect enrichment in alkyl C, suggesting a more advanced stage ofSOMdecomposition. The long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term quantitative and qualitative effects onSOMsuggest that adopting a no\uffe2\uff80\uff90tillage system and including grass in crop rotation and farmyard manure in fertilizer application may contribute to preserve soil fertility and mitigate climate change.

", "keywords": ["Fertilizer application", "2. Zero hunger", "Crop rotation", " fertilizer application", " soil organic carbon (SOC)", " soil organic matter (SOM)", " tillage", " NMR spectroscopy.", "NMR spectroscopy", "Crop rotation", "Soil organic matter (SOM)", "13. Climate action", "Soil organic carbon (SOC)", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Tillage"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/sum.12198"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Use%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/sum.12198", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/sum.12198", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/sum.12198"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-07-31T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2136/sssaj2007.0375", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-19T16:18:21Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-10-01", "title": "Soil Organic Matter Quality Under Different Land Uses In A Mountain Watershed Of Nepal", "description": "

Land use change is one of the anthropogenic interventions that may induce substantial modifications to both the quantity and quality of soil organic matter (SOM). Soils from three cultivated areas (two types of rainfed upland and one irrigated lowland) and two forests (subtropical managed and temperate unmanaged) in a midhill watershed of Nepal were studied to assess the effect of land use change on SOM quality. Bulk SOM was analyzed using solid\uffe2\uff80\uff90state13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and fractionated by acid hydrolysis into pools with different chemical composition and, thus, different tendencies to decomposition. The NMR analysis showed a clear prevalence of O\uffe2\uff80\uff90alkyl C over alkyl C and aromatic C, with major differences between both soils and two depth intervals of the same soil (0\uffe2\uff80\uff9320 and 20\uffe2\uff80\uff9340 cm). Acid hydrolysis revealed that the labile C pool is larger in the 0\uffe2\uff80\uff90 to 20\uffe2\uff80\uff90 than the 20\uffe2\uff80\uff90 to 40\uffe2\uff80\uff90cm soil depth of each land use. Labile C was larger in the temperate unmanaged forest and the irrigated cultivated land than in the other soils at both soil depths. Of the cultivated rainfed soils, the recently reclaimed soil contained less labile C than the historically cultivated soil, while the labile C in the irrigated soil exceeded that in both rainfed soils. The results suggest that changes in land use from forest to cultivation and the irrigation of the cultivated land may significantly affect not only the quantity but also the quality of the SOM and, more importantly, its chemical recalcitrance to degradation. As a consequence, any future decisions regarding land management in the fragile mountain areas of Nepal should be carefully considered with respect to the nature of the SOM.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "15. Life on land", "C-13 NMR", " TROPICAL FOREST", " SIZE FRACTIONS", " MIDDLE HILLS", " LEAF-LITTER", " CARBON", " DYNAMICS", " DEGRADATION", " PARTICLE", " DECOMPOSITION.", "6. Clean water", "NMR; soil quality"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2007.0375"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Science%20Society%20of%20America%20Journal", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2136/sssaj2007.0375", "name": "item", "description": "10.2136/sssaj2007.0375", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2136/sssaj2007.0375"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/molecules29215049", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-19T16:18:48Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-10-28", "title": "Changes in Soil Humin Macromolecular Structure Resulting from Long-Term Catch Cropping", "description": "

The aim of this study was to assess the effect of long-term catch crop application on the structural properties of humin, which is considered the most recalcitrant fraction of soil organic matter. Soil samples from a 30-year field experiment on triticale cultivated with and without catch crops were analysed to determine the total organic carbon content and fractional composition of humic substances. Meanwhile, humin isolated from bulk soil was analysed to determine its elemental composition and spectroscopic properties measured with UV-Vis, fluorescence, and 13C-CPMAS-NMR. It was found that catch crop farming enhanced the formation of highly reactive humus substances, like low-molecular-weight fractions and humic acids, while decreasing the humin fraction. The higher H/C and O/C atomic ratios of humin and the UV-Vis, fluorescence, and 13C-CPMAS-NMR results confirmed a higher share of oxygen-containing functional groups in humin isolated from the soil with catch crop rotation, also corroborating its greater aliphatic nature. Under the conditions of our field experiment, the results indicated that organic residues from catch crops quickly undergo the decay process and are transformed mainly into highly reactive humus substances, which can potentially improve soil health, while mineral fertilisation alone without catch crops favours the stabilisation and sequestration of carbon.

", "keywords": ["long-term field experiment", "QD241-441", "humic substances", "Organic chemistry", "UV-Vis", "fluorescence", "EPR", "NMR", "Article"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Jerzy Weber, El\u017cbieta Jamroz, Lilla Mielnik, Riccardo Spaccini, Andrzej Kocowicz, Irmina \u0106wiel\u0105g-Piasecka, Maria Jerzykiewicz, Danuta Parylak, Magdalena D\u0119bicka,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29215049"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Molecules", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/molecules29215049", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/molecules29215049", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/molecules29215049"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-10-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5061/dryad.9zw3r229b", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "unspecified", "updated": "2026-09-19T16:19:07Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Data from: Switchgrass rhizosphere metabolite chemistry driven by nitrogen availability", "description": "unspecifiedPlants and soil microorganisms interact closely in the rhizosphere where plants may exchange carbon (C) for functional benefits from the microbial community. For example, the bioenergy crop, switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) is thought to exchange root-exuded C for nitrogen (N) fixed by diazotrophs (free-living N-fixers). However, this interaction is not well characterized and it is not known how or if switchgrass responds to diazotrophs or their activity. To explore this question, we assessed rhizosphere metabolite chemistry of switchgrass grown in a hydroponic system under two N levels and under inoculated or uninoculated conditions. Plants were grown with the inoculum Azotobacter vinelandii DJ for three days before harvest. We found switchgrass root exudate chemistry to be driven by N availability. Total metabolite concentrations were generally greater under high N versus low N and unaffected by inoculation. Examination of rhizosphere chemical fingerprints indicates metabolite chemistry was also driven strongly by N availability with a greater relative abundance of carbohydrates under high N and greater relative abundance of organic acids under low N. We also found evidence of changes in rhizosphere chemical fingerprints by inoculation treatment. However, we found little evidence of N treatment and inoculation interaction effects which suggests this response is not directly mediated by N availability.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Switchgrass", "Rhizosphere", "NMR-based metabolomics", "Diazotroph", "15. Life on land", "Free-living nitrogen fixation"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Smercina, Darian, Bowsher, Alan W, Evans, Sarah E, Friesen, Maren L, Eder, Elizabeth K, Hoyt, David W, Tiemann, Lisa K,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.9zw3r229b"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5061/dryad.9zw3r229b", "name": "item", "description": "10.5061/dryad.9zw3r229b", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5061/dryad.9zw3r229b"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-03-26T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/egusphere-egu21-5218", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-19T16:19:18Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-03-04", "title": "Microbial inputs at the litter layer translate climate into altered organic matter properties", "description": "

<p>Plant litter chemistry is altered during decomposition but it remains unknown if these alterations, and thus the composition of residual litter, will change in response to climate. Selective microbial mineralization of litter components and the accumulation of microbial necromass can drive litter compositional change, but the extent to which these mechanisms respond to climate remains poorly understood. We addressed this knowledge gap by studying needle litter decomposition along a boreal forest climate transect. Specifically, we investigated how the composition and/or metabolism of the decomposer community varies with climate, and if that variation is associated with distinct modifications of litter chemistry during decomposition. We analyzed the composition of microbial phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) in the litter layer and measured natural abundance δ<sup>13</sup>C<sub>PLFA</sub> values as an integrated measure of microbial metabolisms. Changes in litter chemistry and δ<sup>13</sup>C values were measured in litterbag experiments conducted at each transect site. A warmer climate was associated with higher litter nitrogen concentrations as well as altered microbial community structure (lower fungi:bacteria ratios) and microbial metabolism (higher δ<sup>13</sup>C<sub>PLFA</sub>). Litter in warmer transect regions accumulated less aliphatic‐C (lipids, waxes) and retained more O‐alkyl‐C (carbohydrates), consistent with enhanced <sup>13</sup>C‐enrichment in residual litter, than in colder regions. These results suggest that chemical changes during litter decomposition will change with climate, driven primarily by indirect climate effects (e.g., greater nitrogen availability and decreased fungi:bacteria ratios) rather than direct temperature effects. A positive correlation between microbial biomass δ<sup>13</sup>C values and <sup>13</sup>C‐enrichment during decomposition suggests that change in litter chemistry is driven more by distinct microbial necromass inputs than differences in the selective removal of litter components. Our study highlights the role that microbial inputs during early litter decomposition can play in shaping surface litter contribution to soil organic matter as it responds to climate warming effects such as greater nitrogen availability.</p>

", "keywords": ["DECOMPOSITION", "C-13", "CP‐", "necromass", "litter decomposition", "COMMUNITY COMPOSITION", "Soil", "CARBON SEQUESTRATION", "Taiga", "boreal forest", "bacteria", "C-13 NMR", "TEMPERATURE", "Biochemistry", " cell and molecular biology", "Soil Microbiology", "FUNGAL", "2. Zero hunger", "MAS C-13‐", "Fungi", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "NMR", "6. Clean water", "climate transect", "Plant Leaves", "13. Climate action", "FOREST SOILS", "PLFA", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "fungi", "FATTY-ACIDS", "BULK CARBON", "LIGNIN"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.15420"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu21-5218"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/egusphere-egu21-5218", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/egusphere-egu21-5218", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/egusphere-egu21-5218"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-11-16T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10138/335756", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-19T16:21:07Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-03-04", "title": "Microbial inputs at the litter layer translate climate into altered organic matter properties", "description": "

<p>Plant litter chemistry is altered during decomposition but it remains unknown if these alterations, and thus the composition of residual litter, will change in response to climate. Selective microbial mineralization of litter components and the accumulation of microbial necromass can drive litter compositional change, but the extent to which these mechanisms respond to climate remains poorly understood. We addressed this knowledge gap by studying needle litter decomposition along a boreal forest climate transect. Specifically, we investigated how the composition and/or metabolism of the decomposer community varies with climate, and if that variation is associated with distinct modifications of litter chemistry during decomposition. We analyzed the composition of microbial phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) in the litter layer and measured natural abundance δ<sup>13</sup>C<sub>PLFA</sub> values as an integrated measure of microbial metabolisms. Changes in litter chemistry and δ<sup>13</sup>C values were measured in litterbag experiments conducted at each transect site. A warmer climate was associated with higher litter nitrogen concentrations as well as altered microbial community structure (lower fungi:bacteria ratios) and microbial metabolism (higher δ<sup>13</sup>C<sub>PLFA</sub>). Litter in warmer transect regions accumulated less aliphatic‐C (lipids, waxes) and retained more O‐alkyl‐C (carbohydrates), consistent with enhanced <sup>13</sup>C‐enrichment in residual litter, than in colder regions. These results suggest that chemical changes during litter decomposition will change with climate, driven primarily by indirect climate effects (e.g., greater nitrogen availability and decreased fungi:bacteria ratios) rather than direct temperature effects. A positive correlation between microbial biomass δ<sup>13</sup>C values and <sup>13</sup>C‐enrichment during decomposition suggests that change in litter chemistry is driven more by distinct microbial necromass inputs than differences in the selective removal of litter components. Our study highlights the role that microbial inputs during early litter decomposition can play in shaping surface litter contribution to soil organic matter as it responds to climate warming effects such as greater nitrogen availability.</p>

", "keywords": ["DECOMPOSITION", "C-13", "CP‐", "necromass", "litter decomposition", "COMMUNITY COMPOSITION", "Soil", "CARBON SEQUESTRATION", "Taiga", "boreal forest", "bacteria", "C-13 NMR", "TEMPERATURE", "Biochemistry", " cell and molecular biology", "Soil Microbiology", "FUNGAL", "2. Zero hunger", "MAS C-13‐", "Fungi", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "NMR", "6. Clean water", "climate transect", "Plant Leaves", "13. Climate action", "FOREST SOILS", "PLFA", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "fungi", "FATTY-ACIDS", "BULK CARBON", "LIGNIN"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.15420"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10138/335756"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10138/335756", "name": "item", "description": "10138/335756", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10138/335756"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-11-16T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "20.500.11850/733344", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-19T16:21:41Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-04-18", "title": "An Analytical Workflow to Quantify Biodegradable Polyesters in Soils and Its Application to Incubation Experiments", "description": "Soil biodegradable polyesters are designed to undergo to microbial utilization in aerobic soils, forming carbon dioxide and microbial biomass. These polyesters are thus viable substitutes for conventional, persistent polymers (e.g., polyethylene) in specific applications for which the transfer of some of the polymers into the soil is inevitable. While polymer biodegradability is often assessed in laboratory incubations using respirometric analysis of formed CO2, approaches to accurately quantify biodegradable polyesters in soils and to track their mass loss in field incubations over time remain missing. This study first introduces an analytical workflow combining Soxhlet extraction with proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy for the accurate, high-throughput, and chemically selective quantification of eight commercially important biodegradable polyesters (i.e., poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate), polylactic acid, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate), poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate), polycaprolactone, polybutylene adipate, polybutylene azelate, and polybutylene succinate), and the nonbiodegradable polymer polystyrene, in six soils spanning a range of types and physicochemical properties. This work introduces an effective sample deployment-retrieval approach that, combined with the analytical method, allows the biodegradation of poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) and polylactic acid from a biodegradable mulch film in three agricultural soils to be monitored. In combination, the two parts of this work lay the foundation to accurately quantify and monitor biodegradable polymers in soils.", "keywords": ["Soil", "Biodegradation", " Environmental", "Soxhlet extraction", "Polyesters", "Soxhlet extraction; biodegradable polymer; biodegradation; soil; H-1-NMR; mulch film", "biodegradable polymer", "biodegradation", "H-1-NMR", "mulch film", "soil"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/20.500.11850/733344"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Science%20%26amp%3B%20Technology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "20.500.11850/733344", "name": "item", "description": "20.500.11850/733344", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/20.500.11850/733344"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-04-18T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "32853467", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-19T16:22:18Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-08-27", "title": "May Trifluoromethylation and Polymerization of Styrene Occur from a Perfluorinated Persistent Radical (PPFR)?", "description": "Abstract

The radical polymerization of styrene (St) initiated by a trifluoromethyl radical generated from a perfluorinated highly branched persistent radical (PPFR) is presented with an isolated yield above 70\uffe2\uff80\uff89%. The release of .CF3 radical occurred from a temperature above 85\uffe2\uff80\uff89\uffc2\uffb0C. Deeper 1H and 19F\uffe2\uff80\uff85NMR spectroscopies of the resulting fluorinated polystyrenes (CF3\uffe2\uff80\uff90PSts) evidenced the presence of both CF3 end\uffe2\uff80\uff90group of the PSt chain and the trifluoromethylation of the phenyl ring (in meta\uffe2\uff80\uff90position mainly). [PPFR]0/[St]0 initial molar ratios of 3:1, 3:10 and 3:100 led to various molar masses ranging from 1750 to 5400\uffe2\uff80\uff85g\uffe2\uff80\uff89mol\uffe2\uff88\uff921 in 70\uffe2\uff80\uff9386\uffe2\uff80\uff89% yields. MALDI\uffe2\uff80\uff90TOF spectrometry of such CF3\uffe2\uff80\uff90PSts highlighted polymeric distributions which evidenced differences between m/z fragments of 104 and 172 corresponding to styrene and trifluoromethyl styrene units, respectively. Such CF3\uffe2\uff80\uff90PSt polymers were also compared to conventional PSts produced from the radical polymerization of St initiated by a peroxydicarbonate initiator. A mechanism of the polymerization is presented showing the formation of a trifluoromethyl styrene first, followed by its radical (co)polymerization with styrene. The thermal properties (thermal stability and glass transition temperature, Tg) of these polymers were also compared and revealed a much better thermal stability of the CF3\uffe2\uff80\uff90PSt (10\uffe2\uff80\uff89% weight loss at 356\uffe2\uff80\uff93376\uffe2\uff80\uff89\uffc2\uffb0C) and a Tg of around 70\uffe2\uff80\uff89\uffc2\uffb0C.