1\uffe2\uff80\uff82If different factors inhibiting plant growth, e.g. low rainfall or low soil nutrients, were to select for species that have similar constellations of traits, then the unfavourable factors might usefully be grouped together as \uffe2\uff80\uff98stress\uffe2\uff80\uff99.
2\uffe2\uff80\uff82We offer a method for assessing this issue. A species mixture at a site is described by a point on a plane with two traits as axes. Change along an environmental gradient is then represented as a trajectory across the trait\uffe2\uff80\uff90plane. Trajectories along different environmental gradients are compared.
3\uffe2\uff80\uff82We measured leaf width, specific leaf area (SLA) and mature canopy height for the 386 perennial species found at 46 sites spread along rainfall and soil total phosphorus gradients in south\uffe2\uff80\uff90eastern Australia. Each trait was lognormally distributed across species within sites, hence the mean of log10(trait) satisfactorily described the species mixture at each site.
4\uffe2\uff80\uff82Combinations of assemblage\uffe2\uff80\uff90mean leaf width with SLA followed similar trajectories as rainfall and soil total P decreased. For these traits in this setting, the method indicated that low rainfall and low soil P favour similar trait\uffe2\uff80\uff90combinations.
5\uffe2\uff80\uff82Mature plant height also decreased along both rainfall and soil P gradients, and thus was positively correlated with leaf width and SLA at the level of assemblage means. The rainfall trajectories involving height behaved differently from the soil P trajectories, especially at rainfalls belowc.\uffe2\uff80\uff83400\uffe2\uff80\uff83mm\uffe2\uff80\uff83year\uffe2\uff88\uff921, where assemblage\uffe2\uff80\uff90mean height declined much further than at low soil P.
6\uffe2\uff80\uff82Across all species, traits were only very loosely correlated (r2from 0.04 to 0.17). For leaf width and SLA, evolutionary divergences were positively correlated, both before and after cross\uffe2\uff80\uff90correlation with divergence in rainfall and soil P was removed. This latter measures evolutionary divergence correlation within habitat. For height the picture was more complicated. Considering these within\uffe2\uff80\uff90habitat divergence correlations, species that were taller at maturity tended to have lower SLA and leaf width. This pattern is the reverse of the broad geographical correlation of assemblage means, showing that the patterns across assemblages result from species being selectively sifted from the regional flora into sites, not from evolutionary or cross\uffe2\uff80\uff90species correlations.
7\uffe2\uff80\uff82The trait\uffe2\uff80\uff90combination trajectory approach showed some commonalities between low soil nutrient and low rainfall habitats with regard to traits favoured in species occurring there, but also some differences. The approach has potential for clarifying which environmental factors can usefully be grouped together as \uffe2\uff80\uff98stress\uffe2\uff80\uff99, and which trait combinations can usefully be regarded as part of a syndrome favoured by stress.
", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2745.2000.00506.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1046/j.1365-2745.2000.00506.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1046/j.1365-2745.2000.00506.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1046/j.1365-2745.2000.00506.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2000-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.tree.2018.01.007", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-02-19", "title": "Towards the Integration of Niche and Network Theories", "description": "The quest for understanding how species interactions modulate diversity has progressed by theoretical and empirical advances following niche and network theories. Yet, niche studies have been limited to describe coexistence within tropic levels despite incorporating information about multi-trophic interactions. Network approaches could address this limitation, but they have ignored the structure of species interactions within trophic levels. Here we call for the integration of niche and network theories to reach new frontiers of knowledge exploring how interactions within and across trophic levels promote species coexistence. This integration is possible due to the strong parallelisms in the historical development, ecological concepts, and associated mathematical tools of both theories. We provide a guideline to integrate this framework with observational and experimental studies.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "0301 basic medicine", "03 medical and health sciences", "Feasibility", "Multi-trophic networks", "Species interactions", "Biodiversity", "15. Life on land", "Stability", "Models", " Biological", "01 natural sciences", "Coexistence", "Ecosystem"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2018.01.007"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Trends%20in%20Ecology%20%26amp%3B%20Evolution", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.tree.2018.01.007", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.tree.2018.01.007", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.tree.2018.01.007"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.tree.2020.10.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-11-06", "title": "Organic Matter Degradation across Ecosystem Boundaries: The Need for a Unified Conceptualization", "description": "The global carbon cycle connects organic matter (OM) pools in soil, freshwater, and marine ecosystems with the atmosphere, thereby regulating their size and reactivity. Due to the complexity of biogeochemical processes and historically compartmentalized disciplines, ecosystem-specific conceptualizations of OM degradation have emerged independently of developments in other ecosystems. Recent discussions regarding the relative importance of molecular composition and ecosystem properties on OM degradation have diverged in opposing directions across subdisciplines, leaving our understanding inconsistent. Ecosystem-dependent theories are problematic since properties unique to an ecosystem may change in response to anthropogenic stressors, including climate change. The next breakthrough in our understanding of OM degradation requires a shift in focus towards developing a unified theory of controls on OM across ecosystems.", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "[CHIM.ANAL] Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry", "global carbon cycle", "[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "Climate Change", "Concept Formation", "soil", "Carbon Cycle", "Global carbon cycle", "Soil", "03 medical and health sciences", "Freshwater", "[CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry", "[SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", "Dissolved organic matter", "14. Life underwater", "degradation rates", "freshwater", "Ecosystem", "organic matter", "Degradation rates", "0303 health sciences", "Marine", "marine", "biogeochemical cycles", "organic matter persistence", "dissolved organic matter", "15. Life on land", "Milj\u00f6vetenskap", "Biogeochemical cycles", "Carbon", "[SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "[SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "[SDV.EE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", " environment", "Organic matter persistence", "13. Climate action", "Organic matter", "[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "environment", "Environmental Sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2020.10.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Trends%20in%20Ecology%20%26amp%3B%20Evolution", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.tree.2020.10.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.tree.2020.10.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.tree.2020.10.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.tust.2019.02.016", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-03-08", "title": "Empirical and semi-analytical methods for evaluating tunnelling-induced ground movements in sands", "description": "Empirical formulas and closed-form solutions provide, in many cases, good predictions of tunnelling-induced ground movements which, when combined with their computational efficiency, make them valuable for tunnel-structure interaction analyses. For sandy soils, however, there is a shortage of available methods that can adequately describe the changes in soil deformation patterns that occur as a result of tunnel volume loss, soil relative density, and geometrical parameters. In this paper, two approaches are adopted to describe centrifuge test outcomes for tunnelling in dry silica sand of varying relative density. Firstly, empirical expressions for the prediction of settlement trough shape and magnitude are presented; additionally, a set of equations is given to describe the settlement troughs using modified Gaussian curves. Next, semi-analytical expressions (modifying an elastic analytical solution for incompressible soil and ovalized tunnel) are developed to predict both vertical and horizontal movements within the ground. Results from both methods can capture the main effects that cover-to-diameter ratio, relative density, and volume loss have on surface and subsurface ground movement profiles. The proposed expressions can be used for the calibration/verification of tunnel-structure interaction analysis methods by using outputs from comparable centrifuge tests; once verified, these methods may be more widely applied to other scenarios and used within design or risk-assessment exercises.", "keywords": ["Gorund movements", "Centrifuge modelling", "Analytical", "Tunelling", "Empirical", "Ingenier\u00eda Civil y de la Construcci\u00f3n", "ENG - Nottingham Centre for Geomechanics"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2019.02.016"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Tunnelling%20and%20Underground%20Space%20Technology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.tust.2019.02.016", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.tust.2019.02.016", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.tust.2019.02.016"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1046/j.1365-3040.1998.00265.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:18:10Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-03-12", "title": "Photosynthetic Acclimation To Elevated Co2 Is Modified By Source : Sink Balance In Three Component Species Of Chalk Grassland Swards Grown In A Free Air Carbon Dioxide Enrichment (Face) Experiment", "description": "Artificial chalk grassland swards were exposed to either ambient air or air enriched to 600 \uffce\uffbcmol mol\uffe2\uff80\uff931 CO2, using free\uffe2\uff80\uff90air CO2 enrichment technology, and subjected to an 8 week simulated grazing regime. After 14 months of treatment, ribulose\uffe2\uff80\uff901,5\uffe2\uff80\uff90bisphosphate carboxylase (Rubisco) activity (Vc,max) and electron transport mediated ribulose\uffe2\uff80\uff901,5\uffe2\uff80\uff90bisphosphate (RuBP) regeneration capacity (Jmax), estimated from leaf gas exchange, were significantly lower in fully expanded leaves of Anthyllis vulneraria L. (a legume) and Sanguisorba minor Scop. grown in elevated CO2. After a change in source:sink balance brought about by defoliation, photosynthetic capacity was fully restored in A. vulneraria and S. minor, but acclimation continued in the grass Bromopsis erecta (Hudson) Fourr. Changes in net photosynthesis (Pn) with growth at elevated CO2 ranged from a 1\uffc2\uffb76% reduction in precut leaves of A. vulneraria to a 47\uffc2\uffb71% stimulation in postcut leaves of S. minor. Stomatal acclimation was observed in leaves of A. vulneraria (reduced stomatal density) and B. erecta (reduced stomatal conductance). The results are discussed in terms of whole\uffe2\uff80\uff90plant resource\uffe2\uff80\uff90use optimization and chalk grassland community competitive interactions at elevated CO2.
", "keywords": ["580", "0106 biological sciences", "0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "03 medical and health sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3040.1998.00265.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%2C%20Cell%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1046/j.1365-3040.1998.00265.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1046/j.1365-3040.1998.00265.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1046/j.1365-3040.1998.00265.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1998-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.tust.2019.103056", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-07-27", "title": "A critical review on the vulnerability assessment of natural gas pipelines subjected to seismic wave propagation. Part 2: Pipe analysis aspects", "description": "Abstract The socio-economic and environmental impact, in case of severe damage on Natural Gas (NG) pipeline networks, highlights the importance of a rational assessment of the structural integrity of this infrastructure against seismic hazards. Up to date, this assessment is mainly performed by employing empirical fragility relations, while a limited number of analytical fragility curves have also been proposed recently. The critical review of available fragility relations for the assessment of buried pipelines under seismically-induced transient ground deformations, presented in the first part of this paper, highlighted the need for further investigation of the seismic vulnerability of NG pipeline networks, by employing analytical methodologies, capable of simulating effectively distinct damage modes of this infrastructure. In this part of the paper, alternative methods for the analytical evaluation of the seismic vulnerability of buried steel NG pipelines are presented. The discussion focuses on methods that may appropriately simulate buckling failures of buried steel NG pipelines since these constitute critical damage modes for the structural integrity of this infrastructure, when subjected to seismically-induced transient ground deformations. Salient parameters that control the seismic response and vulnerability of buried pressurized steel pipelines and therefore should be considered by the relevant analytical methods, such as the operational pressure of the pipeline, the geometric imperfections of the pipeline walls, the trench backfill properties, the site characteristics and the spatial variability of the seismic ground motion along the pipeline axis, are thoroughly discussed. Finally, a new approach for the assessment of buried steel NG pipelines against seismically-induced buckling failures is introduced. Through the discussion, recent advancements in the field are highlighted, whilst acknowledged gaps are identified, providing recommendations for future research.", "keywords": ["Natural gas pipelines", "Buckling", "Steel pipelines", "Transient ground deformations", "Buckling; Fragility; Natural gas pipelines; Soil-pipe interaction; Steel pipelines; Transient ground deformations", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Fragility", "02 engineering and technology", "624", "Soil-pipe interaction", "620", "0201 civil engineering"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2019.103056"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Tunnelling%20and%20Underground%20Space%20Technology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.tust.2019.103056", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.tust.2019.103056", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.tust.2019.103056"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.uclim.2016.05.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-09-22", "title": "Surface Urban Energy and Water Balance Scheme (SUEWS): Development and evaluation at two UK sites", "description": "AbstractThe Surface Urban Energy and Water Balance Scheme (SUEWS) is evaluated at two locations in the UK: a dense urban site in the centre of London and a residential suburban site in Swindon. Eddy covariance observations of the turbulent fluxes are used to assess model performance over a two-year period (2011\u22122013). The distinct characteristics of the sites mean their surface energy exchanges differ considerably. The model suggests the largest differences can be attributed to surface cover (notably the proportion of vegetated versus impervious area) and the additional energy supplied by human activities. SUEWS performs better in summer than winter, and better at the suburban site than the dense urban site. One reason for this is the bias towards suburban summer field campaigns in observational data used to parameterise this (and other) model(s). The suitability of model parameters (such as albedo, energy use and water use) for the UK sites is considered and, where appropriate, alternative values are suggested. An alternative parameterisation for the surface conductance is implemented, which permits greater soil moisture deficits before evaporation is restricted at non-irrigated sites. Accounting for seasonal variation in the estimation of storage heat flux is necessary to obtain realistic wintertime fluxes.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "SUEWS", "UK cities", "Urban water balance", "13. Climate action", "Evaporation", "11. Sustainability", "Evaporation", " SUEWS", " UK cities", " Urban energy balance", " Urban water balance", "15. Life on land", "Urban energy balance", "Geosciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/65599/25/1-s2.0-S2212095516300256-main%20%281%29.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.uclim.2016.05.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Urban%20Climate", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.uclim.2016.05.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.uclim.2016.05.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.uclim.2016.05.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.ultsonch.2019.104826", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-10-19", "title": "Liposome destruction by hydrodynamic cavitation in comparison to chemical, physical and mechanical treatments", "description": "Liposomes are widely applied in research, diagnostics, medicine and in industry. In this study we show for the first time the effect of hydrodynamic cavitation on liposome stability and compare it to the effect of well described chemical, physical and mechanical treatments. Fluorescein loaded giant 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC) lipid vesicles were treated with hydrodynamic cavitation as promising method in inactivation of biological samples. Hydrodynamic treatment was compared to various chemical, physical and mechanical stressors such as ionic strength and osmolarity agents (glucose, Na+, Ca2+, and Fe3+), free radicals, shear stresses (pipetting, vortex mixing, rotational shear stress), high pressure, electroporation, centrifugation, surface active agents (Triton X-100, ethanol), microwave irradiation, heating, freezing-thawing, ultrasound (ultrasonic bath, sonotrode). The fluorescence intensity of individual fluorescein loaded lipid vesicles was measured with confocal laser microscopy. The distribution of lipid vesicle size, vesicle fluorescence intensity, and the number of fluorescein loaded vesicles was determined before and after treatment with different stressors. The different environmental stressors were ranked in order of their relative effect on liposome fluorescein release. Of all tested chemical, physical and mechanical treatments for stability of lipid vesicles, the most detrimental effect on vesicles stability had hydrodynamic cavitation, vortex mixing with glass beads and ultrasound. Here we showed, for the first time that hydrodynamic cavitation was among the most effective physico-chemical treatments in destroying lipid vesicles. This work provides a benchmark for lipid vesicle robustness to a variety of different physico-chemical and mechanical parameters important in lipid vesicle preparation and application.", "keywords": ["fluorescein", "kemijski postopki", "mehanski postopki", "confocal laser microscopy", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "stability", "modelne membrane", "Lipids", "lipidni vezikli", "Surface-Active Agents", "0404 agricultural biotechnology", "Microscopy", " Fluorescence", "DOPC", "fluorescen\u010dna mikroskopija", "hydrodynamic cavitation", "Liposomes", "Hydrodynamics", "fluorescein release", "fizikalni postopki", "info:eu-repo/classification/udc/577.11:576.3:547.915:620.193.16", "giant lipid vesicles", "hidrodinamska kavitacija", "0405 other agricultural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2019.104826"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ultrasonics%20Sonochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.ultsonch.2019.104826", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.ultsonch.2019.104826", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2019.104826"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.ultsonch.2020.105224", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-06-10", "title": "Cavitation bubble collapse in a vicinity of a liquid-liquid interface \u2013 Basic research into emulsification process", "description": "The initial motivation for the study was to gain deeper understanding into the background of emulsion preparation by ultrasound (cavitation). In our previous work (Perdih et al., 2019) we observed rich phenomena occurring near the liquid-liquid interface which was exposed to ultrasonic cavitation. Although numerous studies of bubble dynamics in different environments (presence of free surface, solid body, shear flow and even variable gravity field) exist, one can find almost no reports on the interaction of a bubble with a liquid-liquid interface. In the present work we conducted a number of experiments where single cavitation bubble dynamics was observed on each side of the oil-water interface. These were accompanied by corresponding simulations. We investigated the details of bubble interface interaction (deformation, penetration). As predicted, by the anisotropy parameter the bubble always jets toward the interface if it grows in the lighter liquid and correspondingly away from the interface if it is initiated inside the denser liquid. We extended the analysis to the relationships of various bubble characteristics and the anisotropy parameter. Finally, based on the present and our previous study (Perdih et al., 2019), we offer new insights into the physics of ultrasonic emulsification process.", "keywords": ["emulsion", "kavitacija", "mehur\u010dki", "0404 agricultural biotechnology", "cavitation", "bubble", "liquid-liquid interface", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "oil", "simulation", "info:eu-repo/classification/udc/532.528(045)", "0405 other agricultural sciences", "emulzija"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Orthaber, Uro\u0161, Zevnik, Jure, Petkov\u0161ek, Rok, Dular, Matev\u017e,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2020.105224"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ultrasonics%20Sonochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.ultsonch.2020.105224", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.ultsonch.2020.105224", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2020.105224"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.uclim.2014.11.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-02-03", "title": "Sunlit fractions on urban facets \u2013 Impact of spatial resolution and approach", "description": "The extent of the surface area sunlit is critical for radiative energy exchanges and therefore for a wide range of applications that require urban land surface models (ULSM), ranging from human comfort to weather forecasting. Here a computational demanding shadow casting algorithm is used to assess the capability of a simple single-layer urban canopy model, which assumes an infinitely long rotating canyon (ILC), to reproduce sunlit areas on roof and roads over central London. Results indicate that the sunlit roads areas are well-represented but somewhat smaller using an ILC, while sunlit roofs areas are consistently larger, especially for dense urban areas. The largest deviations from real world sunlit areas are found for roofs during mornings and evenings. Indications that sunlit fractions on walls are overestimated using an ILC during mornings and evenings are found. The implications of these errors are dependent on the application targeted. For example, (independent of albedo) ULSMs used in numerical weather prediction applying ILC representation of the urban form will overestimate outgoing shortwave radiation from roofs due to the overestimation of sunlit fraction of the roofs. Complications of deriving height to width ratios from real world data are also discussed.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "0207 environmental engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/38731/1/_Lindbergetal_20141230.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.uclim.2014.11.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Urban%20Climate", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.uclim.2014.11.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.uclim.2014.11.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.uclim.2014.11.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.ultsonch.2019.05.009", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-05-09", "title": "Effects of cavitation on different microorganisms: The current understanding of the mechanisms taking place behind the phenomenon. A review and proposals for further research", "description": "A sudden decrease in pressure triggers the formation of vapour and gas bubbles inside a liquid medium (also called cavitation). This leads to many (key) engineering problems: material loss, noise, and vibration of hydraulic machinery. On the other hand, cavitation is a potentially useful phenomenon: the extreme conditions are increasingly used for a wide variety of applications such as surface cleaning, enhanced chemistry, and wastewater treatment (bacteria eradication and virus inactivation). Despite this significant progress, a large gap persists between the understanding of the mechanisms that contribute to the effects of cavitation and its application. Although engineers are already commercializing devices that employ cavitation, we are still not able to answer the fundamental question: What precisely are the mechanisms how bubbles can clean, disinfect, kill bacteria and enhance chemical activity? The present paper is a thorough review of the recent (from 2005 onward) work done in the fields of cavitation-assisted microorganism's destruction and aims to serve as a foundation to build on in the next years.", "keywords": ["Bacteria", "Fungi", "cavitation", " microorganisms", " destruction", " mechanisms", " reviews", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "6. Clean water", "Disinfection", "Physical Phenomena", "Sonication", "kavitacija", " mikroorganizmi", " mehanizmi", " razgradnja", "0404 agricultural biotechnology", "13. Climate action", "info:eu-repo/classification/udc/532", "Viruses", "0405 other agricultural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2019.05.009"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ultrasonics%20Sonochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.ultsonch.2019.05.009", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.ultsonch.2019.05.009", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2019.05.009"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.ultsonch.2020.104986", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-01-23", "title": "Tertiary treatment of real abattoir wastewater using combined acoustic cavitation and ozonation", "description": "Open AccessThis work reports the influence of ultrasound alone and combined with ozone for the treatment of real abattoir wastewater. Three different frequencies were studied(44, 300 and 1000 kHz) at an applied power of 40 W. The injected ozone dose was fixed at 71 mg/L and the treatment time varied from 1 to 60 min. Using ultrasound alone, 300 kHz was the only frequency showing a reduction in chemical oxygen demand (COD, 18% reduction) and biological oxygen demand (BOD, 50% reduction), while no diminution in microbial content was measured for any of the frequencies studied. Combining ultrasound with ozone, on the contrary, led to a significant decrease in COD (44%) and BOD (78%) removal for the three frequencies under study. A complete inactivation of total coliforms (TC) was obtained, as well as a final value of 99 CFU/mL in total viable counts (TVC, 5 log reduction). That is, the ozonation-sonication combined system was the only treatment method (compared to sonication and ozonation alone) reaching direct discharge limits, as well as meeting drinking water standards for microbial disinfection (TC and TVC)", "keywords": ["Sonication", "Ozone", "Hydroxyl Radical", "500", "Wastewater", "Waste Disposal", " Fluid", "01 natural sciences", "Abattoirs", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2020.104986"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ultrasonics%20Sonochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.ultsonch.2020.104986", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.ultsonch.2020.104986", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2020.104986"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.ultsonch.2020.105252", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-07-12", "title": "Cavitation bubble interaction with a rigid spherical particle on a microscale", "description": "Cavitation bubble collapse close to a submerged sphere on a microscale is investigated numerically using a finite volume method in order to determine the likelihood of previously suspected mechanical effects to cause bacterial cell damage, such as impact of a high speed water jet, propagation of bubble emitted shock waves, shear loads, and thermal loads. A grid convergence study and validation of the employed axisymmetric numerical model against the Gilmore's equation is performed for a case of a single microbubble collapse due to a sudden ambient pressure increase. Numerical simulations of bubble-sphere interaction corresponding to different values of nondimensional bubble-sphere standoff distance \u03b4 and their size ratio \u03b5 are carried out. The obtained results show vastly different bubble collapse dynamics across the considered parameter space, from the development of a fast thin annular jet towards the sphere to an almost spherical bubble collapse. Although some similarities in bubble shape progression to previous studies on larger bubbles exist, it can be noticed that bubble jetting is much less likely to occur on the considered scale due to the cushioning effects of surface tension on the intensity of the collapse. Overall, the results show that the mechanical loads on a spherical particle tend to increase with a sphere-bubble size ratio \u03b5, and decrease with their distance \u03b4. Additionally, the results are discussed with respect to bacteria eradication by hydrodynamic cavitation. Potentially harmful mechanical effects of bubble-sphere interaction on a micro scale are identified, namely the collapse-induced shear loads with peaks of a few megapascals and propagation of bubble emitted shock waves, which could cause spatially highly variable compressive loads with peaks of a few hundred megapascals and gradients of 100\u00a0MPa/\u03bcm.", "keywords": ["bubble dynamics", "dinamika mehur\u010dkov", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "shock wave emission", "info:eu-repo/classification/udc/532.528(045)", "fluid\u2013solid interaction", "emisija udarnih valov", "uni\u010devanje bakterij", "kavitacija", "0404 agricultural biotechnology", "cavitation", "13. Climate action", "bacteria eradication", "0405 other agricultural sciences", "interakcija fluid \u2013 trdnina"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Zevnik, Jure, Dular, Matev\u017e,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2020.105252"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ultrasonics%20Sonochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.ultsonch.2020.105252", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.ultsonch.2020.105252", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2020.105252"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.ultsonch.2021.105706", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-08-12", "title": "Liposome destruction by a collapsing cavitation microbubble: A numerical study.", "description": "Hydrodynamic cavitation poses as a promising new method for wastewater treatment as it has been shown to be able to eradicate bacteria, inactivate viruses, and destroy other biological structures, such as liposomes. Although engineers are already commercializing devices that employ cavitation, we are still not able to answer the fundamental question: What exactly are the damaging mechanisms of hydrodynamic cavitation in various applications? In this light, the present paper numerically addresses the interaction between a single cavitation microbubble and a nearby lipid vesicle of a similar size. A coupled fluid-structure interaction model is employed, from which three critical modes of vesicle deformation are identified and temporally placed in relation to their corresponding driving mechanisms: (a) unilateral stretching at the waist of the liposome during the first bubble collapse and subsequent shock wave propagation, (b) local wrinkling at the tip until the bubble rebounds, and (c) bilateral stretching at the tip of the liposome during the phase of a second bubble contraction. Here, unilateral and bilateral stretching refer to the local in-plane extension of the bilayer in one and both principal directions, respectively. Results are discussed with respect to critical dimensionless distance for vesicle poration and rupture. Liposomes with initially equilibrated envelopes are not expected to be structurally compromised in cases with \u03b4>1.0, when a nearby collapsing bubble is not in their direct contact. However, the critical dimensionless distance for the case of an envelope with pre-existing pores is identified at \u03b4=1.9. Additionally, the influence of liposome-bubble size ratio is addressed, from which a higher potential of larger bubbles for causing stretching-induced liposome destruction can be identified.", "keywords": ["bubble dynamics", "lipidni vezniki", "dinamika mehur\u010dkov", "bubble dynamics", " cavitation", " fluid-structure interaction", " shock wave emission", " giant lipid vesicles", " DOPC", "QC221-246", "fluid-structure interaction", "shock wave emission", "Bubble dynamics", "emisija udarnih valov", "kavitacija", "0404 agricultural biotechnology", "cavitation", "Fluid-structure interaction", "giant lipid vesicles", "Shock wave emission", "Original Research Article", "QD1-999", "Cavitation", "Giant lipid vesicles", "Microbubbles", "info:eu-repo/classification/udc/532.528:577.115.5", "Acoustics. Sound", "dinamika mehur\u010dkov", " kavitacija", " interakcija fluid-struktura", " emisija udarnih valov", " lipidni vezniki", " DOPC", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "6. Clean water", "Chemistry", "info:eu-repo/classification/udc/532", "DOPC", "Liposomes", "Viruses", "Hydrodynamics", "interakcija fluid-struktura", "0405 other agricultural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Zevnik, Jure, Dular, Matev\u017e,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2021.105706"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ultrasonics%20Sonochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.ultsonch.2021.105706", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.ultsonch.2021.105706", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2021.105706"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.ultsonch.2021.105663", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-07-08", "title": "Challenges of numerical simulations of cavitation reactors for water treatment - An example of flow simulation inside a cavitating microchannel.", "description": "The research on the potential of cavitation exploitation is currently an extremely interesting topic. To reduce the costs and time of the cavitation reactor optimization, nowadays, experimental optimization is supplemented and even replaced using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). This is a very inviting opportunity for many developers, yet we find that all too often researchers with non-engineering background treat this 'new' tool too simplistic, what leads to many misinterpretations and consequent poor engineering. The present paper serves as an example of how complex the flow features, even in the very simplest geometry, can be, and how much effort needs to be put into details of numerical simulation to set a good starting point for further optimization of cavitation reactors. Finally, it provides guidelines for the researchers, who are not experts in computational fluid dynamics, to obtain reliable and repeatable results of cavitation simulations.", "keywords": ["Venturi", "QC221-246", "computational fluid dynamics", "Numerical simulation", "Computational fluid dynamics", "cavitation", " computational fluid dynamics", " numerical simulation", " venturi", " microchannel", "kavitacija", "venturijeve cevi", "0404 agricultural biotechnology", "cavitation", "microchannel", "info:eu-repo/classification/udc/532.528:519.6:004.942", "Original Research Article", "numeri\u010dna simulacija", "QD1-999", "Venturi channel", "kavitacija", " ra\u010dunska dinamika fluidov", " numeri\u010dna simulacija", " venturijeve cevi", " mikrokanal", "Cavitation", "Acoustics. Sound", "ra\u010dunska dinamika fluidov", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "6. Clean water", "mikrokanal", "Chemistry", "numerical simulation", "info:eu-repo/classification/udc/532", "0405 other agricultural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Pipp, Peter, Ho\u010devar, Marko, Dular, Matev\u017e,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2021.105663"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ultrasonics%20Sonochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.ultsonch.2021.105663", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.ultsonch.2021.105663", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2021.105663"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.ultsonch.2022.105919", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-01-18", "title": "Bacterial cell wall material properties determine E. coli resistance to sonolysis", "description": "The applications of bacterial sonolysis in industrial settings are plagued by the lack of the knowledge of the exact mechanism of action of sonication on bacterial cells, variable effectiveness of cavitation on bacteria, and inconsistent data of its efficiency. In this study we have systematically changed material properties of E. coli cells to probe the effect of different cell wall layers on bacterial resistance to ultrasonic irradiation (20\u00a0kHz, output power 6,73\u00a0W, horn type, 3\u00a0mm probe tip diameter, 1\u00a0ml sample volume). We have determined the rates of sonolysis decay for bacteria with compromised major capsular polymers, disrupted outer membrane, compromised peptidoglycan layer, spheroplasts, giant spheroplasts, and in bacteria with different cell physiology. The non-growing bacteria were 5-fold more resistant to sonolysis than growing bacteria. The most important bacterial cell wall structure that determined the outcome during sonication was peptidoglycan. If peptidoglycan was remodelled, weakened, or absent the cavitation was very efficient. Cells with removed peptidoglycan had sonolysis resistance equal to lipid vesicles and were extremely sensitive to sonolysis. The results suggest that bacterial physiological state as well as cell wall architecture are major determinants that influence the outcome of bacterial sonolysis.", "keywords": ["sonication", "0301 basic medicine", "cell envelope", "Cell envelope", "ultrazvo\u010dna sonikacija", "Short Communication", "celi\u010dna ovojnica", "QC221-246", "Peptidoglycan", "viability", " bacteria", " Escherichia coli", " sonication", " cell envelope", "Sonication", "03 medical and health sciences", "Cell Wall", "bakterijske celice", "Escherichia coli", "bacteria", "QD1-999", "info:eu-repo/classification/udc/579.23:577.352:544.57", "0303 health sciences", "liza celic", "Bacteria", "viability", "sonoliza", "Escherichia coli Proteins", "Acoustics. Sound", "bakterijske celice", " Escherichia coli", " celi\u010dna ovojnica", " liza celic", " ultrazvo\u010dna sonikacija", " sonoliza", "info:eu-repo/classification/udc/579", "Chemistry", "Viability"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2022.105919"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ultrasonics%20Sonochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.ultsonch.2022.105919", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.ultsonch.2022.105919", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2022.105919"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107222", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-01-05", "title": "The accurate determination of Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) removal efficiency by integrated-sonochemical system", "description": "Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) is one of the most investigated Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) for being the strongest compound to eliminate and having adverse health concerns. In this work, we have conducted the sonochemical treatment of PFOS simulated water under high (500\u00a0kHz) and low (22\u00a0kHz) frequencies while monitoring the operational parameters via an integrated sonochemical system. The integrated advanced sonochemical system includes software to monitor treatment power, solution temperature and frequency while allowing distinctive control of the reaction conditions. Considering the lack of calorimetric measurements in earlier studies and the difficulty in achieving comparative outcomes, precise calorimetric measurements and determination of electrical energy per order (E(EO)) were performed in this study. The complete PFOS removal was achieved under 500\u00a0kHz frequency with optimum parameters including initial pollutant concentration (5\u00a0mg/L), ultrasound power density (400\u00a0W/L) and solution temperature (25\u00a0\u00b0C) within 180\u00a0min of treatment. The removal and mineralization extents (defluorination) were determined by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography\u2013mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) and ion-chromatography (IC) analysis. Under optimum conditions, 100\u00a0% removal and 99\u00a0% mineralization were achieved. The rate constant (k) ranged from 0.011 to 0.031 [Formula: see text] (first-order reaction), which increased with the increase in the power density. While the solution temperature did not significantly affect the PFOS removal efficiency, the initial concentration was found to have a prominent effect on the reaction rate constant. However, experiments at low frequency (22\u00a0kHz) showed negligible removal efficiency. The specific energy requirement for reaching 90\u00a0% removal while considering the power consumed by the ultrasonic system from the main electrical source was determined to be 700 [Formula: see text] , which is much lower than other reported work under similar conditions. This work will be useful for both laboratory and industrial upscaling while acting as a benchmark reference to follow.", "keywords": ["[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "EEO", "PFAS", "Acoustics. Sound", "QC221-246", "Frequency", "lMineralization", "Remova", "Sonochemical", "Chemistry", "PFOS", "[SDU.STU] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences", "Original Research Article", "Removal", "QD1-999"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107222"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ultrasonics%20Sonochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107222", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107222", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107222"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.wasman.2020.05.047", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-06-13", "title": "Ammonia recovery from food waste digestate using solar heat-assisted stripping-absorption", "description": "The highest costs of stripping-absorption processes for ammonia recovery are related to energy (for heating and air supply) and chemical addition (for pH adjustment). In this paper, a simplified system that used no chemicals, and a renewable source of energy for heating, was tested to recover nitrogen as ammonium sulfate from food waste digestate. pH adjustment was achieved by CO2 stripping, and vacuum tube solar collectors were used to provide heating. The effect of different temperatures (25\u00a0\u00b0C and 45\u00a0\u00b0C) and gas to liquid ratios (1700 and 2600) on ammonia removal and recovery were assessed. Ammonia removal efficiencies higher than 91% were achieved for all evaluated experimental conditions. The solar heater showed adequate capacity to increase the temperature of the liquid digestate by 21\u00a0\u00b0C and maintain the temperature at 45\u00a0\u00b0C throughout the experiment. Tests carried out at 45\u00a0\u00b0C achieved the highest ammonia removal efficiency (98%) at the lowest evaluated G/L ratio (1700). Better absorption efficiencies could potentially have been achieved if lower inlet airflow rates and packing material had been used in the absorption column.", "keywords": ["Hot Temperature", "Nitrogen", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "Waste Disposal", " Fluid", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "6. Clean water", "Refuse Disposal", "12. Responsible consumption", "Ammonia", "Food", "11. Sustainability", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2020.05.047"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Waste%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.wasman.2020.05.047", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.wasman.2020.05.047", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.wasman.2020.05.047"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.vaccine.2004.03.053", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-04-28", "title": "Reducing Methane Emissions In Sheep By Immunization Against Rumen Methanogens", "description": "This work was conducted to determine if methane emissions from sheep immunized with an anti-methanogen vaccine were significantly lower than methane emissions from non-immunized sheep, to test the effectiveness of two different vaccine formulations (VF) on methane abatement, and to compare methane emissions measured using a closed-circuit respiration chamber and the sulphur-hexafluoride (SF6) tracer technique. Thirty mature wether sheep were randomly allocated to three treatment groups (n = 10). One group received an immunization of adjuvant only on days 0 and 153 (control), a second group received an immunization with a 3-methanogen mix on days 0 and 153 (VF3 + 3), and a third group received an immunization of a 7-methanogen mix on day 0 followed by a 3-methanogen mix on day 153 (VF7 + 3). Four weeks post-secondary immunization, there was a significant 7.7% reduction in methane production per kg dry matter intake in the VF7 + 3 group compared to the controls (P = 0.051). However, methane emissions from sheep immunized with VF7 + 3 were not significantly different when compared to the sheep in the control group (P = 0.883). The average IgG and IgA antibody titres in both plasma and saliva of the VF3 + 3 immunized sheep were four to nine times higher than those immunized with VF7 + 3 (P< 0.001) at both 3 and 6 weeks post-secondary immunization. Data also revealed that SF6 methane estimates were consistently higher than the respiration chamber estimates and that there was no significant correlation between the SF6 methane estimates and the respiration chamber methane estimates (R2 = 0.11).", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Vaccines", "Rumen", "Sheep", "Time Factors", "Methanobacterium", "Immunization", " Secondary", "0402 animal and dairy science", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Methanobrevibacter", "Archaea", "Immunoglobulin A", "3. Good health", "Antibodies", " Archaeal", "Kinetics", "Adjuvants", " Immunologic", "13. Climate action", "Immunoglobulin G", "Methanosarcina", "Animals", "Methanomicrobiaceae", "Saliva", "Methane"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2004.03.053"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Vaccine", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.vaccine.2004.03.053", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.vaccine.2004.03.053", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.vaccine.2004.03.053"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.wasman.2018.02.044", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-03-02", "title": "A simple awareness campaign to promote food waste reduction in a University canteen", "description": "Food waste has important environmental, social and economic impacts and increasing attention has been given lately to the unparalleled scale of food waste in the food supply chain worldwide. An initiative aiming to reduce food waste was tested at the School of Agriculture canteen (University of Lisbon, Portugal). The 'Clean dish, clean conscience!' initiative consisted of a simple and inexpensive education campaign to raise awareness of reducing plate waste, by establishing the connection between food waste and personal behaviour. As a first stage plate waste from canteen users was measured over a 10\u202fday period. After this period, a waste consumption index and per capita waste consumption were calculated to evaluate the level of satisfaction of the consumer and the related concern about food wastage, and was classified as Bad. After this first stage it was concluded that the users did not have strong convictions about avoiding food waste. During the second stage of the project an education campaign was implemented with plate waste being monitored for a further 16\u202fdays to assess the effectiveness of the campaign. The approach consisted of displaying simple and affordable informative posters in strategic areas of the canteen with simple messages reminding not to accept food they knew they would not eat. This led to a mean reduction in the waste consumption index of \u223c15%. A parallel action encouraging separation of organic and inorganic waste was implemented as well, with an active participation of >70% of the users. The initiative achieved its objective of reducing plate waste by raising awareness of the daily food waste problem at the institution's canteen and by suggesting 'how-to' actions for reducing such waste. This study showed how avoidable waste can be reduced simply by making students aware of the topic of food waste. Simple strategies may be useful to improve behaviours and increase sustainability of the canteens at Universities although this proved to be only efficient with the collaboration of the canteen staff that needs solid education. From the results, a set of measures was presented to the University Social Services for adoption to ensure a permanent reduction of food waste and recyclables in the University canteens.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Schools", "Portugal", "Universities", "Waste Management", "Food", "0502 economics and business", "05 social sciences", "11. Sustainability", "Food Services", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "12. Responsible consumption"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Pinto, Renata Soares, Pinto, Renata Machado dos Santos, Melo, Felipe Fochat Silva, Campos, Suzana Santos, Cordovil, Cl\u00e1udia Marques-dos-Santos,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2018.02.044"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Waste%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.wasman.2018.02.044", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.wasman.2018.02.044", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.wasman.2018.02.044"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.wasman.2021.04.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-04-18", "title": "Closing nutrient loops in a maize rotation. Catch crops to reduce nutrient leaching and increase biogas production by anaerobic co-digestion with dairy manure", "description": "Three catch crop species, ryegrass, forage rape and black oat, were grown between successive rotations of maize to reduce nitrogen leaching due to maize fertilization with digested dairy manure. Catch crops showed a high nutrient uptake, but with a wide range, depending on the year and the specie. Ensiling was shown to be a feasible storing method increasing catch crop methane production per hectare between 14-36% compared with fresh catch crop. In semi-continuous co-digestion experiments, methane production was increased between 35-48%, in comparison with anaerobic digestion of dairy manure alone. Catch crops were shown to be a good co-substrate, being a sustainable option to prevent leaching of nutrients to the environment, thus closing the loops from production to utilization by optimal recycling measures.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Nutrients", "15. Life on land", "Zea mays", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "12. Responsible consumption", "Manure", "619", "Biofuels", "Digestion", "Anaerobiosis", "Methane", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2021.04.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Waste%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.wasman.2021.04.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.wasman.2021.04.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.wasman.2021.04.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.watres.2017.02.063", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-02-28", "title": "Biohydrogen production from xylose by fresh and digested activated sludge at 37, 55 and 70\u00a0\u00b0C", "description": "Two heat-treated inocula, fresh and digested activated sludge from the same municipal wastewater treatment plant, were compared for their H2 production via dark fermentation at mesophilic (37\u00a0\u00b0C), thermophilic (55\u00a0\u00b0C) and hyperthermophilic (70\u00a0\u00b0C) conditions using xylose as the substrate. At both 37 and 55\u00a0\u00b0C, the fresh activated sludge yielded more H2 than the digested sludge, whereas at 70\u00a0\u00b0C, neither of the inocula produced H2 effectively. A maximum yield of 1.85\u00a0mol H2 per mol of xylose consumed was obtained at 55\u00a0\u00b0C. H2 production was linked to acetate and butyrate production, and there was a linear correlation (R2\u00a0=\u00a00.96) between the butyrate and H2 yield for the fresh activated sludge inoculum at 55\u00a0\u00b0C. Approximately 2.4\u00a0mol H2 per mol of butyrate produced were obtained against a theoretical maximum of 2.0, suggesting that H2 was produced via the acetate pathway prior to switching to the butyrate pathway due to the increased H2 partial pressure. Clostridia sp. were the prevalent species at both 37 and 55\u00a0\u00b0C, irrespectively of the inoculum type. Although the two inocula originated from the same plant, different thermophilic microorganisms were detected at 55\u00a0\u00b0C. Thermoanaerobacter sp., detected only in the fresh activated sludge cultures, may have contributed to the high H2 yield obtained with such an inoculum.", "keywords": ["Xylose", "Sewage", "116 Chemical sciences", "116", "02 engineering and technology", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "Bioreactors", "13. Climate action", "Fermentation", "11. Sustainability", "0204 chemical engineering", "Hydrogen", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2017.02.063"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Water%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.watres.2017.02.063", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.watres.2017.02.063", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.watres.2017.02.063"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.watres.2017.10.007", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-10-27", "title": "The role of operating parameters and oxidative damage mechanisms of advanced chemical oxidation processes in the combat against antibiotic-resistant bacteria and resistance genes present in urban wastewater", "description": "An upsurge in the study of antibiotic resistance in the environment has been observed in the last decade. Nowadays, it is becoming increasingly clear that urban wastewater is a key source of antibiotic resistance determinants, i.e. antibiotic-resistant bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes (ARB&ARGs). Urban wastewater reuse has arisen as an important component of water resources management in the European Union and worldwide to address prolonged water scarcity issues. Especially, biological wastewater treatment processes (i.e. conventional activated sludge), which are widely applied in urban wastewater treatment plants, have been shown to provide an ideal environment for the evolution and spread of antibiotic resistance. The ability of advanced chemical oxidation processes (AOPs), e.g. light-driven oxidation in the presence of H2O2, ozonation, homogeneous and heterogeneous photocatalysis, to inactivate ARB and remove ARGs in wastewater effluents has not been yet evaluated through a systematic and integrated approach. Consequently, this review seeks to provide an extensive and critical appraisal on the assessment of the efficiency of these processes in inactivating ARB and removing ARGs in wastewater effluents, based on recent available scientific literature. It tries to elucidate how the key operating conditions may affect the process efficiency, while pinpointing potential areas for further research and major knowledge gaps which need to be addressed. Also, this review aims at shedding light on the main oxidative damage pathways involved in the inactivation of ARB and removal of ARGs by these processes. In general, the lack and/or heterogeneity of the available scientific data, as well as the different methodological approaches applied in the various studies, make difficult the accurate evaluation of the efficiency of the processes applied. Besides the operating conditions, the variable behavior observed by the various examined genetic constituents of the microbial community, may be directed by the process distinct oxidative damage mechanisms in place during the application of each treatment technology. For example, it was shown in various studies that the majority of cellular damage by advanced chemical oxidation may be on cell wall and membrane structures of the targeted bacteria, leaving the internal components of the cells relatively intact/able to repair damage. As a result, further in-depth mechanistic studies are required, to establish the optimum operating conditions under which oxidative mechanisms target internal cell components such as genetic material and ribosomal structures more intensively, thus conferring permanent damage and/or death and preventing potential post-treatment re-growth.", "keywords": ["Titanium", "Photolysis", "Bacteria", "Sewage", "Sulfates", "Ultraviolet Rays", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Drug Resistance", " Microbial", "Hydrogen Peroxide", "02 engineering and technology", "Wastewater", "Oxidants", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Water Purification", "12. Responsible consumption", "Oxidative Stress", "Ozone", "Genes", " Bacterial", "13. Climate action", "Antibiotic resistance Advanced chemical oxidation Inactivation mechanisms Wastewater treatment", "Drug Resistance", " Bacterial", "11. Sustainability", "Oxidation-Reduction", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2017.10.007"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Water%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.watres.2017.10.007", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.watres.2017.10.007", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.watres.2017.10.007"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.01001.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:19:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-08-19", "title": "Soil Organic Matter And Litter Chemistry Response To Experimental N Deposition In Northern Temperate Deciduous Forest Ecosystems", "description": "AbstractThe effects of atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition on organic matter decomposition vary with the biochemical characteristics of plant litter. At the ecosystem\uffe2\uff80\uff90scale, net effects are difficult to predict because various soil organic matter (SOM) fractions may respond differentially. We investigated the relationship between SOM chemistry and microbial activity in three northern deciduous forest ecosystems that have been subjected to experimental N addition for 2 years. Extractable dissolved organic carbon (DOC), DOC aromaticity, C\uffe2\uff80\uff83:\uffe2\uff80\uff83N ratio, and functional group distribution, measured by Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR), were analyzed for litter and SOM. The largest biochemical changes were found in the sugar maple\uffe2\uff80\uff93basswood (SMBW) and black oak\uffe2\uff80\uff93white oak (BOWO) ecosystems. SMBW litter from the N addition treatment had less aromaticity, higher C\uffe2\uff80\uff83:\uffe2\uff80\uff83N ratios, and lower saturated carbon, lower carbonyl carbon, and higher carboxylates than controls; BOWO litter showed opposite trends, except for carbonyl and carboxylate contents. Litter from the sugar maple\uffe2\uff80\uff93red oak (SMRO) ecosystem had a lower C\uffe2\uff80\uff83:\uffe2\uff80\uff83N ratio, but no change in DOC aromaticity. For SOM, the C\uffe2\uff80\uff83:\uffe2\uff80\uff83N ratio increased with N addition in SMBW and SMRO ecosystems, but decreased in BOWO; N addition did not affect the aromaticity of DOC extracted from mineral soil. All ecosystems showed increases in extractable DOC from both litter and soil in response to N treatment. The biochemical changes are consistent with the divergent microbial responses observed in these systems. Extracellular oxidative enzyme activity has declined in the BOWO and SMRO ecosystems while activity in the SMBW ecosystem, particularly in the litter horizon, has increased. In all systems, enzyme activities associated with the hydrolysis and oxidation of polysaccharides have increased. At the ecosystem scale, the biochemical characteristics of the dominant litter appear to modulate the effects of N deposition on organic matter dynamics.
", "keywords": ["Litter Chemistry", "Geology and Earth Sciences", "13. Climate action", "Soil Organic Matter", "Science", "Ecology and Evolutionary Biology", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Nitrogen Deposition", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Dissolved Organic Matter", "Extracellular Enzyme Activity"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.01001.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.01001.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.01001.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.01001.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-07-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.watres.2017.10.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-10-10", "title": "Tannic acid promotes ion release of copper oxide nanoparticles: Impacts from solution pH change and complexation reactions", "description": "The increasing number of applications in which copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) are used, may lead to potential release of CuO NPs into the environment. However, the impact of natural organic matters on the behavior and fate of CuO NPs in aquatic media is still largely unknown. In this study, the dissolution and aggregation of CuO NPs under the exposure of tannic acid (TA) were monitored over a period of 72\u00a0h, with a focus on assessing the contributions of solution pH changes and complexation reactions. Results showed that the total amount of Cu2+ released from CuO NPs increased in the presence of TA especially at the highest TA concentration of 73.5\u00a0\u03bcmol/L. Although TA was observed to wrap around the CuO NPs, the aggregation of CuO NPs was not strongly influenced by TA and by the solution pH as investigated in this study. The kinetics of Cu2+ release were fitted using the modified pseudo second-order model and the rate of dissolution was assessed to be highest at TA\u00a0=\u00a014.7\u00a0\u03bcmol/L. At pH\u00a0=\u00a04, the increased H+ concentration was responsible for increased Cu2+ release, whereas the complexation reaction between Cu2+ and TA dominated at pH\u00a0=\u00a07. These findings suggested that the effects of TA on the dissolution of CuO NPs were a combination of solution pH change and complexation reaction, the relative fractions of which also depended on the solution pH. Additionally, the percentage of Cu2+ released from the CuO NPs was found to increase upon decreasing concentrations of CuO NPs. Our work helps to further understand how and to which extent natural organic matters affect the behavior and fate of CuO NPs.", "keywords": ["0211 other engineering and technologies", "Metal Nanoparticles", "Oxides", "02 engineering and technology", "Hydrogen-Ion Concentration", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "6. Clean water", "Kinetics", "13. Climate action", "Tannins", "Copper", "Water Pollutants", " Chemical", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2017.10.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Water%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.watres.2017.10.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.watres.2017.10.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.watres.2017.10.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.watres.2018.06.016", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-06-14", "title": "High-solids anaerobic digestion model for homogenized reactors", "description": "During high-solids anaerobic digestion (HS-AD) of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW), an important total solid (TS) removal occurs, leading to the modification of the reactor content mass/volume, in contrast to 'wet' anaerobic digestion (AD). Therefore, HS-AD mathematical simulations need to be approached differently than 'wet' AD simulations. This study aimed to develop a modelling tool based on the anaerobic digestion model 1 (ADM1) capable of simulating the TS and the reactor mass/volume dynamics in HS-AD of OFMSW. Four hypotheses were used, including the effects of apparent concentrations at high TS. The model simulated adequately HS-AD of OFMSW in batch and continuous mode, particularly the evolution of TS, reactor mass, ammonia and volatile fatty acids. By adequately simulating the reactor content mass/volume and the TS, the HS-AD model might bring further insight about potentially inhibitory mechanisms (i.e. NH3 buildup and/or acidification) occurring in HS-AD of OFMSW.", "keywords": ["[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "ADM1", "570", "[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]", "High-solids anaerobic digestion", " ADM1", " Reactor mass simulation", " Total solids", " Apparent concentrations", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "High-solids anaerobic digestion", "02 engineering and technology", "Solid Waste", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "Reactor mass simulation", "total solids", "12. Responsible consumption", "high-solids anaerobic digestion", "Bioreactors", "Ammonia", "Apparent concentrations", "reactor mass simulation", "Anaerobiosis", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "apparent concentrations", "Total solids", "Models", " Theoretical", "Fatty Acids", " Volatile", "6. Clean water", "Refuse Disposal", "[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.iris.unina.it/bitstream/11588/718585/1/1-s2.0-S0043135418304603-main.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2018.06.016"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Water%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.watres.2018.06.016", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.watres.2018.06.016", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.watres.2018.06.016"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.watres.2019.05.025", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-05-09", "title": "Continuous ozonation of urban wastewater: Removal of antibiotics, antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli and antibiotic resistance genes and phytotoxicity", "description": "This work evaluated the removal of a mixture of eight antibiotics (i.e. ampicillin (AMP), azithromycin (AZM), erythromycin (ERY), clarithromycin (CLA), ofloxacin (OFL), sulfamethoxazole (SMX), trimethoprim (TMP) and tetracycline (TC)) from urban wastewater, by ozonation operated in continuous mode at different hydraulic retention times (HRTs) (i.e. 10, 20, 40 and 60\u202fmin) and specific ozone doses (i.e. 0.125, 0.25, 0.50 and 0.75 gO3 gDOC- 1). As expected, the efficiency of ozonation was highly ozone dose- and contact time-dependent. The removal of the parent compounds of the selected antibiotics to levels below their detection limits was achieved with HRT of 40\u202fmin and specific ozone dose of 0.125 gO3 gDOC- 1. The effect of ozonation was also investigated at a microbiological and genomic level, by studying the efficiency of the process with respect to the inactivation of Escherichia coli and antibiotic-resistant E.\u00a0coli, as well as to the reduction of the abundance of selected antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). The inactivation of total cultivable E.\u00a0coli was achieved under the experimental conditions of HRT 40\u202fmin and 0.25 gO3 gDOC-1, at which all antibiotic compounds were already degraded. The regrowth examinations revealed that higher ozone concentrations were required for the permanent inactivation of E.\u00a0coli below the Limit of Quantification (Natural gas seeps release significant amounts of methane and other gases including ethane and propane contributing to global climate change. In this study, bacterial actively\uffc2\uffa0consuming short-chain alkanes were identified by cultivation, whole-genome sequencing, and stable-isotope probing (SIP)-metagenomics using 13C-propane and 13C-ethane from two different natural gas seeps, Pipe Creek and Andreiasu Everlasting Fire. Nearly 100 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) (completeness 70\uffe2\uff80\uff9399%) were recovered from both sites. Among these, 16 MAGs had genes encoding the soluble di-iron monooxygenase (SDIMO). The MAGs were affiliated to Actinobacteria (two MAGs), Alphaproteobacteria (ten MAGs), and Gammaproteobacteria (four MAGs). Additionally, three gaseous-alkane degraders were isolated in pure culture, all of which could grow on ethane, propane, and butane and possessed SDIMO-related genes. Two Rhodoblastus strains (PC2 and PC3) were from Pipe Creek and a Mycolicibacterium strain (ANDR5) from Andreiasu. Strains PC2 and PC3 encoded putative butane monooxygenases (MOs) and strain ANDR5 contained a propane MO. Mycolicibacterium strain ANDR5 and MAG19a, highly abundant in incubations with 13C-ethane, share an amino acid identity (AAI) of 99.3%. We show using a combination of enrichment and isolation, and cultivation-independent techniques, that these natural gas seeps contain a diverse community of active bacteria oxidising\uffc2\uffa0gaseous-alkanes, which play an important role in biogeochemical cycling of natural gas.
", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "570", "Ethane", "0303 health sciences", "Bacteria", "Natural Gas", "Article", "Mixed Function Oxygenases", "Propane", "03 medical and health sciences", "13. Climate action", "Alkanes", "Butanes", "Gases", "Phylogeny"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/84325/1/s41396_022_01211_0.pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41396-022-01211-0.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41396-022-01211-0"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/The%20ISME%20Journal", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1038/s41396-022-01211-0", "name": "item", "description": "10.1038/s41396-022-01211-0", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1038/s41396-022-01211-0"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-03-22T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.yofte.2020.102239", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:31Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-05-27", "title": "Distributed optical fiber pressure sensors", "description": "The measurement of pressure by using distributed optical fiber sensors has represented a challenge for many years. While single-point optical fiber pressure sensors have reached a solid level of technology maturity, showing to be very good candidates in replacing conventional electrical sensors due to their numerous advantages, distributed sensors are still a matter of an intense research activity aimed at determining the most proper and robust pressure-sensitivity enhancement mechanism. This paper reviews early and recent works on distributed pressure sensors, classifying the sensors according to the sensing mechanism. For each type of mechanism, the issues and potentials are analyzed and discussed.The measurement of pressure by using distributed optical fiber sensors has represented a challenge for many years. While single-point optical fiber pressure sensors have reached a solid level of technology maturity, showing to be very good candidates in replacing conventional electrical sensors due to their numerous advantages, distributed sensors are still a matter of an intense research activity aimed at determining the most proper and robust pressure-sensitivity enhancement mechanism. This paper reviews early and recent works on distributed pressure sensors, classifying the sensors according to the sensing mechanism. For each type of mechanism, the issues and potentials are analyzed and discussed.
", "keywords": ["engrXiv|Engineering|Other Engineering", "Engineering", "engrXiv|Engineering", "Optical fiber sensor", "bepress|Engineering", "0103 physical sciences", "Distributed optical fiber pressure sensor", "bepress|Engineering|Other Engineering", "Distributed optical fiber pressure sensor; Distributed optical fiber sensor; Optical fiber sensor; Pressure measurement", "Pressure measurement", "Other Engineering", "01 natural sciences", "Distributed optical fiber sensor"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yofte.2020.102239"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Optical%20Fiber%20Technology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.yofte.2020.102239", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.yofte.2020.102239", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.yofte.2020.102239"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.yqres.2010.09.008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:31Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-12-16", "title": "Soil Phytoliths From Miombo Woodlands In Mozambique", "description": "AbstractThis paper describes topsoil phytolith assemblages from 25 loci underneath miombo woodlands on an eco-transect intersecting the Mozambican Rift along a geographical, altitudinal, climatic and botanical gradient. We provide the first comprehensive overview of the phytolith spectrum that defines northern Mozambique's Zambezian floristic zone. Our classifying criteria derive from comparison with previously described and quantified reference collections of trees and grasses growing in the study area. We characterize the sedimentological and soil features of the matrices where phytoliths are found, establishing correlation among geo-edaphic variables and phytoliths. Descriptive statistics along with nonparametric and parametric statistical analyses evaluate phytolith grouping criteria, variation, robustness, and membership. From a taphonomic perspective, we attest that topsoil phytolith assemblages are polygenic and do not represent an episodic snapshot of extant vegetation, but a palimpsest from plants representing various disturbance episodes, succession stages, and ecological trends. Phytoliths retrieved from Mozambican miombo soils do not seem to trace altitudinal, temperature, or precipitation gradients, and no significant differences exist between highland and lowland phytolith assemblages. This article provides a phytolith analog for woodland environments that can guide future paleoenvironmental research. It also confirms that phytolith analysis is able to detect shifts in the woodland/grassland interface.
", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2010.09.008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Quaternary%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.yqres.2010.09.008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.yqres.2010.09.008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.yqres.2010.09.008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/s0006-3207(97)00026-8", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:31Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2002-07-25", "title": "Does population viability analysis software predict the behaviour of real populations? A retrospective study on the Lord Howe Island woodhen Tricholimnas sylvestris (Sclater)", "description": "Abstract Population viability analysis (PVA) is used for quantitatively assessing endangerment and comparing management options. Consequently, it is essential that PVA software packages be tested to determine whether they can accurately reflect the behaviour of real populations. A retrospective PVA was performed on the Lord Howe Island woodhen Tricholimnas sylvestris (1) to compare the predictions of five different PVA packages (INMAT, GAPPS, RAMAS/age, RAMAS/metapop and VORTEX); and (2) to test the predictions of PVA computer simulations against actual field data. All packages gave similar but unrealistic results under stochastic, density-independent conditions. When a ceiling density dependence model was applied, projections based on a carrying capacity calculated from the habitat area proved too high. A PVA based on the knowledge available at the time of the woodhen recovery program would have produced overly optimistic projections. Only when the carrying capacity was estimated from the observed historical population trends did the PVA packages give realistic predictions.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "14. Life underwater", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0006-3207(97)00026-8"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biological%20Conservation", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/s0006-3207(97)00026-8", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/s0006-3207(97)00026-8", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/s0006-3207(97)00026-8"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1997-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.ymssp.2022.109478", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:31Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-07-01", "title": "Topological edge states of quasiperiodic elastic metasurfaces", "description": "In this work, we investigate the dynamic behavior and the topological properties of quasiperiodic elastic metasurfaces, namely arrays of mechanical oscillators arranged over the free surface of an elastic half-space according to a quasiperiodic spatial distribution. An ad-hoc multiple scattering formulation is developed to describe the dynamic interaction between Rayleigh waves and a generic array of surface resonators. The approach allows to calculate the spectrum of natural frequencies of the quasiperiodic metasurface which reveals a fractal distribution of the frequency gaps reminiscent of the Hofstadter butterfly. These gaps have nontrivial topological properties and can host Rayleigh-like edge modes. We demonstrate that such topologically protected edge modes can be driven from one boundary to the opposite of the array by a smooth variation of the phason, a parameter which modulates the geometry of the array. Topological elastic waveguides designed on these principles provide new opportunities in surface acoustic wave engineering for vibration control, energy harvesting, and lossless signal transport, among others.", "keywords": ["Quasiperiodic structures; Rayleigh waves; Synthetic dimensions; Topological metamaterials; Edge modes", "0103 physical sciences", "FOS: Physical sciences", "Physics - Applied Physics", "Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://cris.unibo.it/bitstream/11585/897192/3/topological%2bedge%2bpost%2bprint%2b.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2022.109478"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Mechanical%20Systems%20and%20Signal%20Processing", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.ymssp.2022.109478", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.ymssp.2022.109478", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.ymssp.2022.109478"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.yqres.2008.11.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:31Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-01-17", "title": "Local-Scale Spatial Variability Of Soil Organic Carbon And Its Stock In The Hilly Area Of The Loess Plateau, China", "description": "Soil organic carbon (SOC) is one of the key components for assessing soil quality. Meanwhile, the changes in the stocks SOC may have large potential impact on global climate. It is increasingly important to estimate the SOC stock precisely and to investigate its variability. In this study, Yangjuangou watershed was selected to investigate the SOC distribution under different land uses. We found that SOC concentration decreased with increasing soil depth under all land uses and was significantly different across the vertical soil profile (P < 0.01). However, considering effect of land use on SOC, it is only significant (P < 0.01) in the topsoil (0\uffe2\uff80\uff935 cm) layer. This indicated that land use has a large effect on the stocks of SOC in the surface soil. The stratification ratio of SOC > 1.2 may mean that soil quality is improving. The order of the SOC density (0\uffe2\uff80\uff9330 cm) under different land uses is forestland > orchard land > grassland > immature forestland > terraced cropland. The SOC stock is found to be as large as 2.67 \uffc3\uff97 10 t (0\uffe2\uff80\uff9330 cm) in this watershed. Considering time effect of restoration, the slope cropland just abandoned is more efficient for SOC accumulation than trees planted in the semi-arid hilly loess area.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Bojie Fu, Yihe L\u00fc, Yafeng Wang, Cheng-Jun Song, Yong Luan,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2008.11.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Quaternary%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.yqres.2008.11.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.yqres.2008.11.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.yqres.2008.11.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/s0024-4937(01)00076-7", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-04T16:17:31Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2002-07-25", "title": "Mass balance during gabbro-amphibolite transition, Bamble Sector, Norway: implications for petrogenesis and tectonic setting of the gabbros", "description": "Mafic intrusions of mid-Proterozoic ages are widespread in the Bamble Sector, southern Norway, and elsewhere in the Baltic Shield. They vary from subordinate ultramafic rocks to troctolitic gabbros, olivine\u2013ferrogabbro, olivine-free gabbros and norites. Ni\u2013Cu sulfide ores locally occur in the marginal parts of the intrusions. Post-solidus retrograde reactions under prolonged high P\u2013T conditions led to serial changes from corona development around ferromagnesian minerals, to replacement of olivine and pyroxenes by hornblende and to the formation of amphibolites. Variations of elements during the gabbro-amphibolite transformation are evaluated using a statistical approach that takes into consideration both initial magmatic differentiation effects, and metasomatic changes imprinted during metamorphism. This indicates that rare earth elements (REE), high field strength elements (HFSE), and transition metals were immobile. Large ion lithophile elements (LILE) and halogens were significantly introduced into the amphibolites. Sulfur, Se, Cu, Au, and As remained constant, or locally remobilized and reprecipitated; Sb was enriched in the amphibolites. The Bamble gabbros are tholeiitic, enriched in Fe (Mg#=35\u201370); on MORB-normalized plots, they show features typical of destructive margins setting (i.e. enriched LILE and LREE, low Th abundance, and Nb trough). They are further characterized by low Ce/Yb ratios (Ce/Yb<10) and nearly flat chondrite-normalized REE patterns (LaN/YbN=1\u20132). The absence of major Mg-rich cumulates, such as peridotites, argues against fractional crystallization as the main cause of the enrichment in LILE\u2013LREE. Lack of crustal contamination is shown by the REE patterns as well as radiogenic and stable isotope data [Precambrian Research 64 (1993) 403; Chemical Geology 181/1\u20134 (2001) 23]. A model consistent with the geochemical data favors an early fractionation of olivine in a source area that had been metasomatized by LILE\u2013LREE bearing fluids.", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Saeed Alirezaei, Eion M Cameron,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0024-4937(01)00076-7"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Lithos", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/s0024-4937(01)00076-7", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/s0024-4937(01)00076-7", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/s0024-4937(01)00076-7"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2002-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Na&offset=5650&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Na&offset=5650&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "prev", "title": "items (prev)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Na&offset=5600", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "next", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (next)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Na&offset=5700", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 18377, "numberReturned": 50, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-04-04T22:10:46.179135Z"}