{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1111/mec.13620", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:19:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-03-19", "title": "The Impact Of Tropical Forest Logging And Oil Palm Agriculture On The Soil Microbiome", "description": "Abstract

Selective logging and forest conversion to oil palm agriculture are rapidly altering tropical forests. However, functional responses of the soil microbiome to these land\uffe2\uff80\uff90use changes are poorly understood. Using 16S rRNA gene and shotgun metagenomic sequencing, we compared composition and functional attributes of soil biota between unlogged, once\uffe2\uff80\uff90logged and twice\uffe2\uff80\uff90logged rainforest, and areas converted to oil palm plantations in Sabah, Borneo. Although there was no significant effect of logging history, we found a significant difference between the taxonomic and functional composition of both primary and logged forests and oil palm. Oil palm had greater abundances of genes associated with DNA, RNA, protein metabolism and other core metabolic functions, but conversely, lower abundance of genes associated with secondary metabolism and cell\uffe2\uff80\uff93cell interactions, indicating less importance of antagonism or mutualism in the more oligotrophic oil palm environment. Overall, these results show a striking difference in taxonomic composition and functional gene diversity of soil microorganisms between oil palm and forest, but no significant difference between primary forest and forest areas with differing logging history. This reinforces the view that logged forest retains most features and functions of the original soil community. However, networks based on strong correlations between taxonomy and functions showed that network complexity is unexpectedly increased due to both logging and oil palm agriculture, which suggests a pervasive effect of both land\uffe2\uff80\uff90use changes on the interaction of soil microbes.

", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "Conservation of Natural Resources", "0303 health sciences", "Bacteria", "Microbiota", "Agriculture", "Forestry", "Biodiversity", "Arecaceae", "Forests", "15. Life on land", "03 medical and health sciences", "Borneo", "international", "RNA", " Ribosomal", " 16S", "Metagenome", "Soil Microbiology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.13620"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Molecular%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/mec.13620", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/mec.13620", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/mec.13620"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-04-20T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/nph.16768", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:19:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-07-03", "title": "Phylogenetic signals and predictability in plant\u2013soil feedbacks", "description": "Summary

There is strong evidence for a phylogenetic signal in the degree to which species share co\uffe2\uff80\uff90evolved biotic partners and in the outcomes of biotic interactions. This implies there should be a phylogenetic signal in the outcome of feedbacks between plants and the soil microbiota they cultivate. However, attempts to identify a phylogenetic signal in plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93soil feedbacks have produced mixed results.

Here we clarify how phylogenetic signals could arise in plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93soil feedbacks and use a recent compilation of data from feedback experiments to identify: whether there is a phylogenetic signal in the outcome of plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93soil feedbacks; and whether any signal arises through directional or divergent changes in feedback outcomes with evolutionary time.

We find strong evidence for a divergent phylogenetic signal in feedback outcomes. Distantly related plant species show more divergent responses to each other\uffe2\uff80\uff99s soil microbiota compared with closely related plant species. The pattern of divergence implies occasional co\uffe2\uff80\uff90evolutionary shifts in how plants interact with soil microbiota, with strongly contrasting feedback responses among some plant lineages.

Our results highlight that it is difficult to predict feedback outcomes from phylogeny alone, other than to say that more closely related species tend to have more similar responses.

We studied the dominant protists found in soils across the globe and their contributions to belowground food webs.

", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "0303 health sciences", "Bacteria", "Microbiota", "Biodiversity", "Ecolog\u00eda", "15. Life on land", "Archaea", "7. Clean energy", "Soil", "03 medical and health sciences", "international", "XXXXXX - Unknown", "Belowground systems", "Soil protists", "Distributions", "Plan_S-Compliant_OA", "Research Articles", "Soil Microbiology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aax8787"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20Advances", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1126/sciadv.aax8787", "name": "item", "description": "10.1126/sciadv.aax8787", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1126/sciadv.aax8787"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-01-24T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1371/journal.pone.0020105", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:19:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-06-17", "title": "Global Change Could Amplify Fire Effects On Soil Greenhouse Gas Emissions", "description": "Open AccessBackground Little is known about the combined impacts of global environmental changes and ecological disturbances on ecosystem functioning, even though such combined impacts might play critical roles in shaping ecosystem processes that can in turn feed back to climate change, such as soil emissions of greenhouse gases. Methodology/Principal Findings We took advantage of an accidental, low-severity wildfire that burned part of a long-term global change experiment to investigate the interactive effects of a fire disturbance and increases in CO2 concentration, precipitation and nitrogen supply on soil nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions in a grassland ecosystem. We examined the responses of soil N2O emissions, as well as the responses of the two main microbial processes contributing to soil N2O production \u2013 nitrification and denitrification \u2013 and of their main drivers. We show that the fire disturbance greatly increased soil N2O emissions over a three-year period, and that elevated CO2 and enhanced nitrogen supply amplified fire effects on soil N2O emissions: emissions increased by a factor of two with fire alone and by a factor of six under the combined influence of fire, elevated CO2 and nitrogen. We also provide evidence that this response was caused by increased microbial denitrification, resulting from increased soil moisture and soil carbon and nitrogen availability in the burned and fertilized plots. Conclusions/Significance Our results indicate that the combined effects of fire and global environmental changes can exceed their effects in isolation, thereby creating unexpected feedbacks to soil greenhouse gas emissions. These findings highlight the need to further explore the impacts of ecological disturbances on ecosystem functioning in the context of global change if we wish to be able to model future soil greenhouse gas emissions with greater confidence.", "keywords": ["Greenhouse Effect", "effet de serre", "sol", "Internationality", "Time Factors", "550", "Nitrogen", "QH301 Biology", "Science", "Nitrous Oxide", "incendie", "Fires", "12. Responsible consumption", "Soil", "dioxyde de carbone", "11. Sustainability", "Chemical Precipitation", "Soil Microbiology", "azote", "2. Zero hunger", "Q", "R", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "\u00e9mission", "[SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "pr\u00e9cipitation atmosph\u00e9rique", "13. Climate action", "Denitrification", "Medicine", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "GE Environmental Sciences", "Research Article"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://hal.science/halsde-00723483/file/2011_Niboyet_Plosone_1.pdf"}, {"href": "https://openknowledge.nau.edu/id/eprint/1706/7/Niboyet_A_etal_2011_Global_change_amplify_fire%281%29.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0020105"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PLoS%20ONE", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1371/journal.pone.0020105", "name": "item", "description": "10.1371/journal.pone.0020105", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1371/journal.pone.0020105"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-06-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1371%2fjournal.pone.0060441", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:19:26Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-03-27", "title": "Nitrogen Addition And Warming Independently Influence The Belowground Micro-Food Web In A Temperate Steppe", "description": "Climate warming and atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition are known to influence ecosystem structure and functioning. However, our understanding of the interactive effect of these global changes on ecosystem functioning is relatively limited, especially when it concerns the responses of soils and soil organisms. We conducted a field experiment to study the interactive effects of warming and N addition on soil food web. The experiment was established in 2006 in a temperate steppe in northern China. After three to four years (2009-2010), we found that N addition positively affected microbial biomass and negatively influenced trophic group and ecological indices of soil nematodes. However, the warming effects were less obvious, only fungal PLFA showed a decreasing trend under warming. Interestingly, the influence of N addition did not depend on warming. Structural equation modeling analysis suggested that the direct pathway between N addition and soil food web components were more important than the indirect connections through alterations in soil abiotic characters or plant growth. Nitrogen enrichment also affected the soil nematode community indirectly through changes in soil pH and PLFA. We conclude that experimental warming influenced soil food web components of the temperate steppe less than N addition, and there was little influence of warming on N addition effects under these experimental conditions.", "keywords": ["China", "Food Chain", "Nematoda", "Nitrogen", "Science", "deposition", "Models", " Biological", "northern china", "Soil", "soil nematodes", "Animals", "Biomass", "organic-matter", "global change", "Phospholipids", "Soil Microbiology", "2. Zero hunger", "elevated co2", "Analysis of Variance", "species composition", "Q", "R", "Temperature", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Plants", "15. Life on land", "13. Climate action", "international", "climate-change manipulations", "plant-communities", "Medicine", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "community structure", "Research Article"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1371%2fjournal.pone.0060441"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PLoS%20ONE", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1371%2fjournal.pone.0060441", "name": "item", "description": "10.1371%2fjournal.pone.0060441", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1371%2fjournal.pone.0060441"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-03-27T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1371/journal.pone.0060441", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:19:28Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-03-27", "title": "Nitrogen Addition And Warming Independently Influence The Belowground Micro-Food Web In A Temperate Steppe", "description": "Climate warming and atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition are known to influence ecosystem structure and functioning. However, our understanding of the interactive effect of these global changes on ecosystem functioning is relatively limited, especially when it concerns the responses of soils and soil organisms. We conducted a field experiment to study the interactive effects of warming and N addition on soil food web. The experiment was established in 2006 in a temperate steppe in northern China. After three to four years (2009-2010), we found that N addition positively affected microbial biomass and negatively influenced trophic group and ecological indices of soil nematodes. However, the warming effects were less obvious, only fungal PLFA showed a decreasing trend under warming. Interestingly, the influence of N addition did not depend on warming. Structural equation modeling analysis suggested that the direct pathway between N addition and soil food web components were more important than the indirect connections through alterations in soil abiotic characters or plant growth. Nitrogen enrichment also affected the soil nematode community indirectly through changes in soil pH and PLFA. We conclude that experimental warming influenced soil food web components of the temperate steppe less than N addition, and there was little influence of warming on N addition effects under these experimental conditions.", "keywords": ["China", "Food Chain", "Nematoda", "Nitrogen", "Science", "deposition", "Models", " Biological", "northern china", "Soil", "soil nematodes", "Animals", "Biomass", "organic-matter", "global change", "Phospholipids", "Soil Microbiology", "2. Zero hunger", "elevated co2", "Analysis of Variance", "species composition", "Q", "R", "Temperature", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Plants", "15. Life on land", "13. Climate action", "international", "climate-change manipulations", "plant-communities", "Medicine", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "community structure", "Research Article"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0060441"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PLoS%20ONE", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1371/journal.pone.0060441", "name": "item", "description": "10.1371/journal.pone.0060441", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1371/journal.pone.0060441"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-03-27T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.17169/refubium-31202", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:19:49Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-05-21", "title": "Global data on earthworm abundance, biomass, diversity and corresponding environmental properties", "description": "Abstract

Earthworms are an important soil taxon as ecosystem engineers, providing a variety of crucial ecosystem functions and services. Little is known about their diversity and distribution at large spatial scales, despite the availability of considerable amounts of local-scale data. Earthworm diversity data, obtained from the primary literature or provided directly by authors, were collated with information on site locations, including coordinates, habitat cover, and soil properties. Datasets were required, at a minimum, to include abundance or biomass of earthworms at a site. Where possible, site-level species lists were included, as well as the abundance and biomass of individual species and ecological groups. This global dataset contains 10,840 sites, with 184 species, from 60 countries and all continents except Antarctica. The data were obtained from 182 published articles, published between 1973 and 2017, and 17 unpublished datasets. Amalgamating data into a single global database will assist researchers in investigating and answering a wide variety of pressing questions, for example, jointly assessing aboveground and belowground biodiversity distributions and drivers of biodiversity change.

", "keywords": ["2401.17 Invertebrados", "0301 basic medicine", "592", "Data Descriptor", "Ecology and Evolutionary Biology", "earthworms", "Data Descriptor ; Biodiversity ; Biogeography ; Community ecology", "Plan_S-Compliant-OA", "https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6", "[SDV.EE.ECO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", " environment/Ecosystems", "Diversity data", "Biomass", "S Agriculture (General)", "Ekologia ja evoluutiobiologia", "[SDV.SA.SDS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "biodiversity", "2. Zero hunger", "maaper\u00e4", "abundance", "Data", "Diversity", "0303 health sciences", "Ecology", "Q", "eli\u00f6yhteis\u00f6t", "Biodiversity", "maaper\u00e4eli\u00f6st\u00f6", "ddc:", "Computer Science Applications", "Biogeography", "2401.06 Ecolog\u00eda animal", "international", "Statistics", " Probability and Uncertainty", "environment/Ecosystems", "Information Systems", "Statistics and Probability", "Ecolog\u00eda (Biolog\u00eda)", "570", "lierot", "Science", "Invertebrados", "577", "Global database", "[SDV.SA.SDS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "Library and Information Sciences", "574", "333", "soil", "eli\u00f6maantiede", "Education", "diversity", "03 medical and health sciences", "[SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", " environment/Ecosystems", "BIODIVERSITY CHANGE", "Life Science", "Earthworms", "Datasets", "Animals", "Community ecology", "Oligochaeta", "https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1", "eartworm", "biogeography", "Ecosystem", "LAND-USE", "biomass", "500", "Biology and Life Sciences", "PLATFORM", "Global dataset", "Oligochaeta/classification", "500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie", "Ecolog\u00eda", "15. Life on land", "biodiversiteetti", "Environmental sciences", "[SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "maaper\u00e4el\u00e4imist\u00f6", "Ecology", " evolutionary biology", "13. Climate action", "Earthworm", "[SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", "570 Life sciences; biology", "[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "eartworm ; abundance ; biomass ; diversity", "COMMUNITIES", "community ecology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41597-021-00912-z.pdf"}, {"href": "https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/25868/1/phillips_h_r_p_et_al_211019.pdf"}, {"href": "https://boris.unibe.ch/165726/1/48.__Global_data_on_earthworm_abundance__biomass__diversity_and_corresponding_environmental_properties.pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.iris.unict.it/bitstream/20.500.11769/509583/1/SCIENTIFIC%20DATA%20%282021%29%20GLOBAL%20DATA%20ON%20EARTHWORMS.pdf"}, {"href": "https://rau.repository.guildhe.ac.uk/id/eprint/16454/1/Phillips_et_al-2021-Scientific_Data.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.17169/refubium-31202"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Scientific%20Data", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.17169/refubium-31202", "name": "item", "description": "10.17169/refubium-31202", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.17169/refubium-31202"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-05-21T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.17632/7gpkx5p3z9", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:19:51Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Survey on Vietnamese students\u2019 intention to study abroad before and during COVID-19", "description": "This dataset includes 397 observation of Vietnamese student's intention to study abroad before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The dataset was collected through an online survey from 03 to 13 May 2020, over 'Scholarship hunter', the largest community of Vietnamese overseas students on Facebook. Major variables are: (i) Students\u2019 Demographics; (ii) The previous intention of students to study abroad before and during the Covid-19 ravaged and (iii) Their intention afterwards.", "keywords": ["International Education", "COVID-19", "Educational Management", "3. Good health", "Education"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Hoang, Anh-Duc", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.17632/7gpkx5p3z9"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.17632/7gpkx5p3z9", "name": "item", "description": "10.17632/7gpkx5p3z9", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.17632/7gpkx5p3z9"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-05-30T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3389/fevo.2021.714134", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:20:43Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-09-30", "title": "Intracellular Storage Reduces Stoichiometric Imbalances in Soil Microbial Biomass \u2013 A Theoretical Exploration", "description": "

Microbial intracellular storage is key to defining microbial resource use strategies and could contribute to carbon (C) and nutrient cycling. However, little attention has been devoted to the role of intracellular storage in soil processes, in particular from a theoretical perspective. Here we fill this gap by integrating intracellular storage dynamics into a microbially explicit soil C and nutrient cycling model. Two ecologically relevant modes of storage are considered: reserve storage, in which elements are routed to a storage compartment in proportion to their uptake rate, and surplus storage, in which elements in excess of microbial stoichiometric requirements are stored and limiting elements are remobilized from storage to fuel growth and microbial maintenance. Our aim is to explore with this model how these different storage modes affect the retention of C and nutrients in active microbial biomass under idealized conditions mimicking a substrate pulse experiment. As a case study, we describe C and phosphorus (P) dynamics using literature data to estimate model parameters. Both storage modes enhance the retention of elements in microbial biomass, but the surplus storage mode is more effective to selectively store or remobilize C and nutrients according to microbial needs. Enhancement of microbial growth by both storage modes is largest when the substrate C:nutrient ratio is high (causing nutrient limitation after substrate addition) and the amount of added substrate is large. Moreover, storage increases biomass nutrient retention and growth more effectively when resources are supplied in a few large pulses compared to several smaller pulses (mimicking a nearly constant supply), which suggests storage to be particularly relevant in highly dynamic soil microhabitats. Overall, our results indicate that storage dynamics are most important under conditions of strong stoichiometric imbalance and may be of high ecological relevance in soil environments experiencing large variations in C and nutrient supply.

", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "ecological stoichiometry", "nutrient limitation", "0303 health sciences", "microbial model", "Ecology", "Evolution", "15. Life on land", "surplus accumulation", "6. Clean water", "reserve storage", "03 medical and health sciences", "13. Climate action", "international", "QH359-425", "Plan_S-Compliant_OA", "QH540-549.5"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2021.714134"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Frontiers%20in%20Ecology%20and%20Evolution", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3389/fevo.2021.714134", "name": "item", "description": "10.3389/fevo.2021.714134", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3389/fevo.2021.714134"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-09-30T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2134/jeq2008.0527", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:20:10Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-10-30", "title": "Synthetic Nitrogen Fertilizers Deplete Soil Nitrogen: A Global Dilemma For Sustainable Cereal Production", "description": "

Cereal production that now sustains a world population of more than 6.5 billion has tripled during the past 40 yr, concurrent with an increase from 12 to 104 Tg yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921 of synthetic N applied largely in ammoniacal fertilizers. These fertilizers have been managed as a cost\uffe2\uff80\uff90effective form of insurance against low yields, without regard to the inherent effect of mineral N in promoting microbial C utilization. Such an effect is consistent with a net loss of soil organic C recently observed for the Morrow Plots, America's oldest experiment field, after 40 to 50 yr of synthetic N fertilization that substantially exceeded grain N removal. A similar decline in total soil N is reported herein for the same site and would be expected from the predominantly organic occurrence of soil N. This decline is in agreement with numerous long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term baseline data sets from chemical\uffe2\uff80\uff90based cropping systems involving a wide variety of soils, geographic regions, and tillage practices. The loss of organic N decreases soil productivity and the agronomic efficiency (kg grain kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921 N) of fertilizer N and has been implicated in widespread reports of yield stagnation or even decline for grain production in Asia. A major global evaluation of current cereal production systems should be undertaken, with a view toward using scientific and technological advances to increase input efficiencies. As one aspect of this strategy, the input of ammoniacal N should be more accurately matched to crop N requirement. Long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term sustainability may require agricultural diversification involving a gradual transition from intensive synthetic N inputs to legume\uffe2\uff80\uff90based crop rotations.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Internationality", "Nitrogen", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "12. Responsible consumption", "Food Supply", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Biomass", "Edible Grain", "Environmental Pollution", "Fertilizers"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Richard L Mulvaney, T. R. Ellsworth, S. A. Khan,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2008.0527"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Environmental%20Quality", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2134/jeq2008.0527", "name": "item", "description": "10.2134/jeq2008.0527", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2134/jeq2008.0527"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "20.500.11755/15339e30-b773-4036-a511-2783cdb2c732", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:25:11Z", "type": "Journal Article", "title": "Inconsistent effects of agricultural practices on soil fungal communities across twelve European long-term experiments", "description": "Cropping practices have a great potential to improve soil quality through changes in soil biota. Yet the effects of these soil\u2010improving cropping systems on soil fungal communities are not well known. Here, we analysed soil fungal communities using standardized measurements in 12 long\u2010term experiments and 20 agricultural treatments across Europe. We were interested in whether the same practices (i.e., tillage, fertilization, organic amendments and cover crops) applied across different sites have predictable and repeatable effects on soil fungal communities and guilds. The fungal communities were very variable across sites located in different soil types and climatic regions. The arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) were the fungal guild with most unique species in individual sites, whereas plant pathogenic fungi were most shared between the sites. The fungal communities responded to the cropping practices differently in different sites and only fertilization showed a consistent effect on AMF and plant pathogenic fungi, whereas the responses to tillage, cover crops and organic amendments were site, soil and crop\u2010species specific. We further show that the crop yield is negatively affected by cropping practices aimed at improving soil health. Yet, we show that these practices have the potential to change the fungal communities and that change in plant pathogenic fungi and in AMF is linked to the yield. We further link the soil fungal community and guilds to soil abiotic characteristics and reveal that especially Mn, K, Mg and pH affect the composition of fungi across sites. In summary, we show that fungal communities vary considerably between sites and that there are no clear directional responses in fungi or fungal guilds across sites to soil\u2010improving cropping systems, but that the responses vary based on soil abiotic conditions, crop type and climatic conditions.", "keywords": ["long-term experiments", "2. Zero hunger", "organic amendments", "international", "tillage", "soil fungi", "soil-improving cropping systems", "15. Life on land", "Plan_S-Compliant_OA"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Hannula, S.E., Di Lonardo, D.P., Christensen, B.T., Crotty, Felicity V., Elsen, A., van Erp, P.J., Hansen, E.M., Rubaek, H., Tits, M., Toth, Z., Termorshuizen, Aad J.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/20.500.11755/15339e30-b773-4036-a511-2783cdb2c732"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Soil%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "20.500.11755/15339e30-b773-4036-a511-2783cdb2c732", "name": "item", "description": "20.500.11755/15339e30-b773-4036-a511-2783cdb2c732", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/20.500.11755/15339e30-b773-4036-a511-2783cdb2c732"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2136/vzj2015.09.0131", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:20:24Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-05-13", "title": "Modeling Soil Processes: Review, Key Challenges, and New Perspectives", "description": "Core Ideas

A community effort is needed to move soil modeling forward.

Establishing an international soil modeling consortium is key in this respect.

There is a need to better integrate existing knowledge in soil models.

Integration of data and models is a key challenge in soil modeling.

The remarkable complexity of soil and its importance to a wide range of ecosystem services presents major challenges to the modeling of soil processes. Although major progress in soil models has occurred in the last decades, models of soil processes remain disjointed between disciplines or ecosystem services, with considerable uncertainty remaining in the quality of predictions and several challenges that remain yet to be addressed. First, there is a need to improve exchange of knowledge and experience among the different disciplines in soil science and to reach out to other Earth science communities. Second, the community needs to develop a new generation of soil models based on a systemic approach comprising relevant physical, chemical, and biological processes to address critical knowledge gaps in our understanding of soil processes and their interactions. Overcoming these challenges will facilitate exchanges between soil modeling and climate, plant, and social science modeling communities. It will allow us to contribute to preserve and improve our assessment of ecosystem services and advance our understanding of climate\uffe2\uff80\uff90change feedback mechanisms, among others, thereby facilitating and strengthening communication among scientific disciplines and society. We review the role of modeling soil processes in quantifying key soil processes that shape ecosystem services, with a focus on provisioning and regulating services. We then identify key challenges in modeling soil processes, including the systematic incorporation of heterogeneity and uncertainty, the integration of data and models, and strategies for effective integration of knowledge on physical, chemical, and biological soil processes. We discuss how the soil modeling community could best interface with modern modeling activities in other disciplines, such as climate, ecology, and plant research, and how to weave novel observation and measurement techniques into soil models. We propose the establishment of an international soil modeling consortium to coherently advance soil modeling activities and foster communication with other Earth science disciplines. Such a consortium should promote soil modeling platforms and data repository for model development, calibration and intercomparison essential for addressing contemporary challenges.Nordic and Canadian forests store substantial amounts of carbon (C) and are largely managed in a silvicultural system with clear-cut harvest. Previous meta-analyses of harvesting effects on soil C have shown short- to long-term declines after harvest, but effects of clear-cutting on boreal and northern temperate forest soil C stocks remain unresolved. We harmonized National Forest Soil Inventory (NFSI) data from Sweden, Denmark, Finland, Norway and Canada to examine soil C stocks up to 53 years following clear-cut harvest using a space-for-time approach. We analyzed forest floor and mineral soil C stocks in coniferous and deciduous/mixed forests. Coniferous forest floor C stocks decreased for \u223c30 years after clear-cutting: when at its lowest stock level, Picea and Pinus forest floor C stocks had decreased by 23 % and 14 % relative to initial stock levels, respectively. Picea forest floor C stocks then remained close to its lowest levels until 53 years after clear-cutting, while for Pinus-dominated forests they increased again and recovered to the pre-harvest level 48 years after clear-cutting. No C stock changes were detected in the 0\u201310 cm or 10\u201320 cm mineral soil layers, while a small increase in 55\u201365 cm mineral soil was detected in Podzol soils. Data was too limited to detect statistical signals of clear-cutting for deciduous/mixed forests. Our results shows that clear-cut harvest has substantial and long-lasting effects on northern temperate and boreal forest soil C storage, and that combining data from several NFSIs can help elucidate forest management effects on soil C storage.

", "keywords": ["Forest harvest", "Temperate", "National forest soil inventory", "Soil organic carbon", "Clear-cutting", "National forest inventory", "Boreal"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5022374"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Forest%20Ecology%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2139/ssrn.5022374", "name": "item", "description": "10.2139/ssrn.5022374", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2139/ssrn.5022374"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/rs14092075", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-05-01T16:21:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-04-27", "title": "How Much of a Pixel Needs to Burn to Be Detected by Satellites? A Spectral Modeling Experiment Based on Ecosystem Data from Yellowstone National Park, USA", "description": "

We present a simple modeling technique based on linear spectral mixture analysis to assess satellite detectability of sub-pixel burned area. Pixel observations are modeled using a linear combination of pure land covers, called endmembers. We executed an experiment using spectral data from Yellowstone National Park, USA. Using endmember samples from spectral libraries, pixel samples were assessed on burn detectability using the widely used differenced Normalized Burn Ratio (dNBR). While individual samples yielded differing results for Landsat 8, Sentinel-2, and the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), the average park-wide detectability of burned area was consistent across satellites. For the commonly used dNBR threshold of 0.15, the results indicated that detectability is reached when around a quarter of a pixel\u2019s area is burned. However, a significant percentage of the modeled burned pixels remained undetectable, especially those with low pre-fire vegetation cover. This has consequences for burned area estimates, as smaller fires in sparsely vegetated terrain may remain undetected in moderate resolution burned area products.

", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "Science", "Q", "burned area detection", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "burned area detection; differenced Normalized Burn Ratio; spectral mixture analysis; Yellowstone National Park", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Yellowstone National Park", "15. Life on land", "spectral mixture analysis", "differenced Normalized Burn Ratio"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/9/2075/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/9/2075/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14092075"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Remote%20Sensing", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/rs14092075", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/rs14092075", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/rs14092075"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-04-26T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.25384/sage.c.4046222.v1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:20:37Z", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2018-03-27", "title": "Local government administration systems and local government accounting information needs: is there a mismatch?", "description": "After several years of reforms inspired by the New Public Management approach, public sector accounting and performance measurement systems continue to differ among countries. Based on previous literature and data collected through a questionnaire, we perform an exploratory study on the relations between local government administrative systems and local government accounting information needs in a sample of European countries characterized by a legalistic orientation. Our results reveal that there is a frequent mismatch between the needed accounting and performance measurement information for internal and external purposes assessed on the basis of the administrative system in place and the accounting information and performance measurement information required by the law for decision-making and accountability. Moreover, as the results reveal, legislation in European local governments only sporadically stipulates the information suitable to satisfy the information needs created by the different levels of financial and organizational autonomy of local government administration systems to be available.", "keywords": ["160509 Public Administration", "FOS: Political science", "160607 International Relations"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Cohen, Sandra, Rossi, Francesca Manes, Caperchione, Eugenio, Brusca, Isabel,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.25384/sage.c.4046222.v1"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.25384/sage.c.4046222.v1", "name": "item", "description": "10.25384/sage.c.4046222.v1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.25384/sage.c.4046222.v1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.31219/osf.io/d3pht", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:20:40Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-06-27", "title": "Upholding Multilateralism: Indonesia\u2019s Foreign Policy in Responding to Covid-19 Pandemic", "description": "

The 2019 Coronavirus disease or COVID-19 has apparently become a new global challenge. Not only did the pandemic drive all actors to make response, but it also affected the relations among them. That Indonesia raised multilateralism in the unprecedented situation while more unilateral or populist actions taken by a number of states encouraged this research. This paper attempts to explain Indonesia\u2019s foreign policy in upholding multilateralism to respond to the COVID-19. Such response was intended to mitigate the impacts caused by the pandemic. This research applied holistic constructivism in understanding the determinants of Indonesia\u2019s foreign policy by investigating both domestic and international cause. This research utilized the qualitative method with an explanatory analysis. The findings show that such Indonesia\u2019s foreign policy was driven by its identity constructed by both indigenous norm of \u2018Gotong Royong\u2019 and global norm of \u2018International Health Regulation\u2019. The norm-laden or identity-based foreign policy was leading it to uphold multilateralism which was considered appropriate in order to coordinate, collaborate and cooperate with international communities. In addition, Indonesia maintained its trust on and support to the World Health Organization as the most leading actor in health governance championing fight against the pandemic. This paper argues that the norm factors do matter in Indonesia\u2019s foreign policy in facing uncertainties in the vulnerable and interconnected world. Through the case studied, this paper suggests that looking at the domestic actor as well as the state in international system help provide a better understanding on the state behavior in international relations.

", "keywords": ["Political Science", "International Relations", "05 social sciences", "International relations", "Social and Behavioral Sciences", "16. Peace & justice", "JZ2-6530", "3. Good health", "0506 political science"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.31219/osf.io/d3pht"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Jurnal%20Ilmiah%20Hubungan%20Internasional", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.31219/osf.io/d3pht", "name": "item", "description": "10.31219/osf.io/d3pht", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.31219/osf.io/d3pht"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-06-27T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/f11070738", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:20:54Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-07-07", "title": "Evaluation of Soil Biodiversity in Alpine Habitats through eDNA Metabarcoding and Relationships with Environmental Features", "description": "

Soil biodiversity is fundamental for ecosystems, ensuring many ecosystem functions, such as nutrient cycling, organic matter decomposition, soil formation, and organic carbon pool increase. Due to these roles, there is a need to study and completely understand how soil biodiversity is composed through different habitats. The aim of this study was to describe the edaphic soil community of the alpine environments belonging to the Gran Paradiso National Park, thus detecting if there are any correlation with environmental features. We studied soil fauna through environmental DNA metabarcoding. From eDNA metabarcoding, 18 families of arthropods were successfully detected, and their abundance expressed in terms of the relative frequency of sequences. Soil faunal communities of mixed coniferous forests were characterized by Isotomidae, Entomobriydae, Hypogastruridae, and Onychiuridae; while mixed deciduous forests were composed mostly by Isotomidae, Cicadidae, Culicidae, and Neelidae. Calcicolous and acidic grasslands also presented families that were not detected in forest habitats, in particular Scarabaeidae, Curculionidae, Brachyceridae, and had in general a more differentiated soil community. Results of the Canonical Component Analysis revealed that the main environmental features affecting soil community for forests were related to vegetation (mixed deciduous forests, tree basal area, tree biomass, Shannon index), soil (organic layers and organic carbon stock), and site (altitude); while for prairies, soil pH and slope were also significant in explaining soil community composition. This study provided a description of the soil fauna of alpine habitats and resulted in a description of community composition per habitat and the relation with the characteristic of vegetation, soil, and topographic features of the study area. Further studies are needed to clarify ecological roles and needs of these families and their role in ecosystem functioning.

", "keywords": ["forests", "0106 biological sciences", "0301 basic medicine", "570", "550", "Alps", "prairies", "Alps; Forests; Gran paradiso national park; Pedofauna; Prairies; Soil community;", "Alps; Forests; Gran paradiso national park; Pedofauna; Prairies; Soil community", "15. Life on land", "Gran Paradiso National Park", "01 natural sciences", "03 medical and health sciences", "13. Climate action", "[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "pedofauna", "soil community"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/11/7/738/pdf"}, {"href": "https://air.unimi.it/bitstream/2434/785573/2/rota%202020%20forests.pdf"}, {"href": "https://boa.unimib.it/bitstream/10281/298052/1/2020_Forests.pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/11/7/738/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/f11070738"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Forests", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/f11070738", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/f11070738", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/f11070738"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-07-07T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3897/arphapreprints.e101101", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-05-01T16:21:13Z", "type": "Report", "created": "2023-02-01", "title": "Assessing the diversity and spatial distribution of nematodes in the Store Mosse National Park (Sweden) using metabarcoding", "description": "

Nematode taxa of the Store Mosse National Park in the south of Sweden were surveyed using DNA metabarcoding. Samples were collected from a range of media across all the five vegetation types the park spans. A total of 50 samples consisting of soil, litter, lichens, sphagnum, roots, wood, moss, fungus and anthill materials were analysed. Nematodes were characterised using a ~350 bp region of their 18S ribosomal RNA gene that include V7 and V8 variable domains. The analysis identified 47 families, 76 genera (21 new to Swedish fauna) and 60 species (31 new to Swedish fauna). Some nematodes showed a strong association with certain medium types, especially at the species level. The results showed a strong justification for our strategy of sampling different medium types. Soil and litter communities, which were the most diverse, showed high levels of stability with good balance of all the various trophic and coloniser-persister groups.

", "keywords": ["molecular marker", "litter", "Nematoda", "vegetation", "national park", "15. Life on land", "soil"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.3897/arphapreprints.e101101"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3897/arphapreprints.e101101", "name": "item", "description": "10.3897/arphapreprints.e101101", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3897/arphapreprints.e101101"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/essd-10-405-2018", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:21:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-03-12", "title": "Global Carbon Budget 2017", "description": "

Abstract. Accurate assessment of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and their redistribution among the atmosphere, ocean, and terrestrial biosphere \u2013 the global carbon budget \u2013 is important to better understand the global carbon cycle, support the development of climate policies, and project future climate change. Here we describe data sets and methodology to quantify the five major components of the global carbon budget and their uncertainties. CO2 emissions from fossil fuels and industry (EFF) are based on energy statistics and cement production data, respectively, while emissions from land-use change (ELUC), mainly deforestation, are based on land-cover change data and bookkeeping models. The global atmospheric CO2 concentration is measured directly and its rate of growth (GATM) is computed from the annual changes in concentration. The ocean CO2 sink (SOCEAN) and terrestrial CO2 sink (SLAND) are estimated with global process models constrained by observations. The resulting carbon budget imbalance (BIM), the difference between the estimated total emissions and the estimated changes in the atmosphere, ocean, and terrestrial biosphere, is a measure of imperfect data and understanding of the contemporary carbon cycle. All uncertainties are reported as \u00b11\u03c3. For the last decade available (2007\u20132016), EFF was 9.4\u202f\u00b1\u202f0.5\u202fGtC\u202fyr\u22121, ELUC 1.3\u202f\u00b1\u202f0.7\u202fGtC\u202fyr\u22121, GATM 4.7\u202f\u00b1\u202f0.1\u202fGtC\u202fyr\u22121, SOCEAN 2.4\u202f\u00b1\u202f0.5\u202fGtC\u202fyr\u22121, and SLAND 3.0\u202f\u00b1\u202f0.8\u202fGtC\u202fyr\u22121, with a budget imbalance BIM of 0.6\u202fGtC\u202fyr\u22121 indicating overestimated emissions and/or underestimated sinks. For year 2016 alone, the growth in EFF was approximately zero and emissions remained at 9.9\u202f\u00b1\u202f0.5\u202fGtC\u202fyr\u22121. Also for 2016, ELUC was 1.3\u202f\u00b1\u202f0.7\u202fGtC\u202fyr\u22121, GATM was 6.1\u202f\u00b1\u202f0.2\u202fGtC\u202fyr\u22121, SOCEAN was 2.6\u202f\u00b1\u202f0.5\u202fGtC\u202fyr\u22121, and SLAND was 2.7\u202f\u00b1\u202f1.0\u202fGtC\u202fyr\u22121, with a small BIM of \u22120.3\u202fGtC. GATM continued to be higher in 2016 compared to the past decade (2007\u20132016), reflecting in part the high fossil emissions and the small SLAND consistent with El Ni\u00f1o conditions. The global atmospheric CO2 concentration reached 402.8\u202f\u00b1\u202f0.1\u202fppm averaged over 2016. For 2017, preliminary data for the first 6\u20139\u00a0months indicate a renewed growth in EFF of +2.0\u202f% (range of 0.8 to 3.0\u202f%) based on national emissions projections for China, USA, and India, and projections of gross domestic product (GDP) corrected for recent changes in the carbon intensity of the economy for the rest of the world. This living data update documents changes in the methods and data sets used in this new global carbon budget compared with previous publications of this data set (Le Qu\u00e9r\u00e9 et al., 2016, 2015b, a, 2014, 2013). All results presented here can be downloaded from https://doi.org/10.18160/GCP-2017 (GCP, 2017).

", "keywords": ["ENVIRONMENT SIMULATOR JULES", "550", "530 Physics", "[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph]", "MIXED-LAYER SCHEME", "INTERNATIONAL-TRADE", "7. Clean energy", "01 natural sciences", "333", "12. Responsible consumption", "FOSSIL-FUEL COMBUSTION", "ANTHROPOGENIC CO2 UPTAKE", "11. Sustainability", "SDG 13 - Climate Action", "Life Science", "GE1-350", "SDG 14 - Life Below Water", "ATMOSPHERIC CO2", "DIOXIDE EMISSIONS", "SDG 15 - Life on Land", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "LAND-COVER CHANGE", "QE1-996.5", "info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/550", "EARTH SYSTEM MODEL", "ddc:550", "VEGETATION MODEL", "Geology", "15. Life on land", "Environmental sciences", "Earth sciences", "13. Climate action", "8. Economic growth", "General Earth and Planetary Sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/66578/1/Published_manuscript.pdf"}, {"href": "http://oceanrep.geomar.de/42391/1/essd-10-405-2018.pdf"}, {"href": "https://boris.unibe.ch/116576/1/lequere18essd.pdf"}, {"href": "https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/eprint/15161/1/essd-10-405-2018.pdf"}, {"href": "http://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/eprint/15161/1/essd-10-405-2018.pdf"}, {"href": "https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/10/405/2018/essd-10-405-2018.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-10-405-2018"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Earth%20System%20Science%20Data", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/essd-10-405-2018", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/essd-10-405-2018", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/essd-10-405-2018"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-03-12T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/hess-25-5749-2021", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:21:51Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-11-09", "title": "The International Soil Moisture Network: serving Earth system science for over a decade", "description": "

Abstract. In\u00a02009, the International Soil Moisture Network\u00a0(ISMN) was initiated as a community effort, funded by the European Space Agency, to serve as a centralised data hosting facility for globally available in situ soil moisture measurements (Dorigo et\u00a0al.,\u00a02011b, a). The ISMN brings together in situ soil moisture measurements collected and freely shared by a multitude of organisations, harmonises them in terms of units and sampling rates, applies advanced quality control, and stores them in a database. Users can freely retrieve the data from this database through an online web portal (https://ismn.earth/en/, last access: 28\u00a0October\u00a02021). Meanwhile, the ISMN has evolved into the primary in situ soil moisture reference database worldwide, as evidenced by more than 3000\u00a0active users and over 1000\u00a0scientific publications referencing the data sets provided by the network. As of July\u00a02021, the ISMN now contains the data of 71\u00a0networks and 2842\u00a0stations located all over the globe, with a time period spanning from\u00a01952 to the present. The number of networks and stations covered by the ISMN is still growing, and approximately 70\u2009% of the data sets contained in the database continue to be updated on a regular or irregular basis. The main scope of this paper is to inform readers about the evolution of the ISMN over the past decade, including a description of network and data set updates and quality control procedures. A comprehensive review of the existing literature making use of ISMN data is also provided in order to identify current limitations in functionality and data usage and to shape priorities for the next decade of operations of this unique community-based data repository.

", "keywords": ["[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "Technology", "Atmospheric Science", "550", "Soil Moisture", "TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)", "02 engineering and technology", "Soil Moisture; ISMN; IMA_CAN1; swc; STEMS", "Spatial variability", "Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering", "01 natural sciences", "Agency (philosophy)", "remote sensing", "Antecedent wetness conditions", "Engineering", "Geography. Anthropology. Recreation", "GE1-350", "TD1-1066", "Smos brightness temperature", "Heihe river-basin", "T", "Soil Water Retention", "Leaf-area index", "004", "FOS: Philosophy", " ethics and religion", "Programming language", "Earth and Planetary Sciences", "Physical Sciences", "name=Water Science and Technology", "/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1900/1901", "Medicine", "name=Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)", "Mechanics and Transport in Unsaturated Soils", "Environmental Engineering", "Soil Moisture International Network", "0207 environmental engineering", "Epistemology", "Environmental science", "G", "Database", "Soil Moisture; network", "Arctic Permafrost Dynamics and Climate Change", "Scope (computer science)", "Land data assimilation", "Civil and Structural Engineering", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/550", "Consecutive dry days", "in situ", "FOS: Environmental engineering", "AMSR-E", "15. Life on land", "Remote Sensing of Soil Moisture", "Globe", "Computer science", "Environmental sciences", "QE Geology", "Philosophy", "Ophthalmology", "In-situ measurements", "13. Climate action", "ITC-ISI-JOURNAL-ARTICLE", "global scale", "Environmental Science", "G70.212-70.215 Geographic information system", "soil moisture", "ITC-GOLD", "/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2300/2312", "Wireless sensor network"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://iris.polito.it/bitstream/11583/2998914/1/prod_447100-doc_161016.pdf"}, {"href": "https://iris.polito.it/bitstream/11583/2998914/2/prod_447100-doc_178365.pdf"}, {"href": "https://research.unipg.it/bitstream/11391/1498417/2/2021_The%20international%20soil_OA.pdf"}, {"href": "https://cris.unibo.it/bitstream/11585/910145/1/Dourigo_etal_2021.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-5749-2021"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Hydrology%20and%20Earth%20System%20Sciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/hess-25-5749-2021", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/hess-25-5749-2021", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/hess-25-5749-2021"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-11-09T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.12546320", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:22:13Z", "type": "Report", "title": "Critical analysis of the experiences at member state level", "description": "The internal EJPSoil project SERENA contributed to the evaluation of soil multifunctionality aiming at providing assessment tools for land planning and soil policies at different scales. By co-working with relevant stakeholders, the project provided co-developed indicators and associated cookbooks to assess and map them, to report both on soil degradation, soil-based ecosystem services and their bundles, under actual conditions and for climate and land-use changes, at the regional, national, and European scales.\u00a0 In the current report (deliverable D3.2, version 1), the indicators, methods and data (including data availability) used by the countries participating in the SERENA project to assess specific soil threats and soil-based-ecosystem services were compared. Differences and similarities between the assessments of the different countries and the need for harmonisation were identified. The four soil threats considered are soil organic carbon loss, soil erosion, soil compaction, and soil sealing. The four soil-based ecosystem services included are greenhouse gas and climate regulation including carbon sequestration, hydrological control, primary/biomass production, and erosion control.", "keywords": ["Carbon sequestration", "Task 3.1", "Soil sealing", "Primary/biomass production", "Hydrological control", "15. Life on land", "SERENA", "6. Clean water", "Soil organic carbon loss", "D3.2v1", "13. Climate action", "EJPSoil", "WP3", "Erosion control", "11. Sustainability", "Soil erosion", "Regional scale", "National level", "Soil compaction"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Michel, Kerstin, Lemercier, Blandine, Lorenzetti, Romina,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12546320"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.12546320", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.12546320", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.12546320"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-06-26T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "1893/33794", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:25:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-12-30", "title": "Global maps of soil temperature", "description": "Abstract

Research in global change ecology relies heavily on global climatic grids derived from estimates of air temperature in open areas at around 2\uffc2\uffa0m above the ground. These climatic grids do not reflect conditions below vegetation canopies and near the ground surface, where critical ecosystem functions occur and most terrestrial species reside. Here, we provide global maps of soil temperature and bioclimatic variables at a 1\uffe2\uff80\uff90km2resolution for 0\uffe2\uff80\uff935 and 5\uffe2\uff80\uff9315\uffc2\uffa0cm soil depth. These maps were created by calculating the difference (i.e. offset) between in situ soil temperature measurements, based on time series from over 1200 1\uffe2\uff80\uff90km2pixels (summarized from 8519 unique temperature sensors) across all the world's major terrestrial biomes, and coarse\uffe2\uff80\uff90grained air temperature estimates from ERA5\uffe2\uff80\uff90Land (an atmospheric reanalysis by the European Centre for Medium\uffe2\uff80\uff90Range Weather Forecasts). We show that mean annual soil temperature differs markedly from the corresponding gridded air temperature, by up to 10\uffc2\uffb0C (mean\uffc2\uffa0=\uffc2\uffa03.0\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb1\uffc2\uffa02.1\uffc2\uffb0C), with substantial variation across biomes and seasons. Over the year, soils in cold and/or dry biomes are substantially warmer (+3.6\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb1\uffc2\uffa02.3\uffc2\uffb0C) than gridded air temperature, whereas soils in warm and humid environments are on average slightly cooler (\uffe2\uff88\uff920.7\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb1\uffc2\uffa02.3\uffc2\uffb0C). The observed substantial and biome\uffe2\uff80\uff90specific offsets emphasize that the projected impacts of climate and climate change on near\uffe2\uff80\uff90surface biodiversity and ecosystem functioning are inaccurately assessed when air rather than soil temperature is used, especially in cold environments. The global soil\uffe2\uff80\uff90related bioclimatic variables provided here are an important step forward for any application in ecology and related disciplines. Nevertheless, we highlight the need to fill remaining geographic gaps by collecting more in situ measurements of microclimate conditions to further enhance the spatiotemporal resolution of global soil temperature products for ecological applications.Data Description: To improve SOC estimation in the United States, we upscaled site-based SOC measurements to the continental scale using multivariate geographic clustering (MGC) approach coupled with machine learning models. First, we used the MGC approach to segment the United States at 30 arc second resolution based on principal component information from environmental covariates (gNATSGO soil properties, WorldClim bioclimatic variables, MODIS biological variables, and physiographic variables) to 20 SOC regions. We then trained separate random forest model ensembles for each of the SOC regions identified using environmental covariates and soil profile measurements from the International Soil Carbon Network (ISCN) and an Alaska soil profile data. We estimated United States SOC for 0-30 cm and 0-100 cm depths were 52.6 + 3.2 and 108.3 + 8.2 Pg C, respectively. Files in collection (32): Collection contains 22 soil properties geospatial rasters, 4 soil SOC geospatial rasters, 2 ISCN site SOC observations csv files, and 4 R scripts gNATSGO TIF files: \u251c\u2500\u2500 available_water_storage_30arc_30cm_us.tif [30 cm depth soil available water storage]
\u251c\u2500\u2500 available_water_storage_30arc_100cm_us.tif [100 cm depth soil available water storage]
\u251c\u2500\u2500 caco3_30arc_30cm_us.tif [30 cm depth soil CaCO3 content]
\u251c\u2500\u2500 caco3_30arc_100cm_us.tif [100 cm depth soil CaCO3 content]
\u251c\u2500\u2500 cec_30arc_30cm_us.tif [30 cm depth soil cation exchange capacity]
\u251c\u2500\u2500 cec_30arc_100cm_us.tif [100 cm depth soil cation exchange capacity]
\u251c\u2500\u2500 clay_30arc_30cm_us.tif [30 cm depth soil clay content]
\u251c\u2500\u2500 clay_30arc_100cm_us.tif [100 cm depth soil clay content]
\u251c\u2500\u2500 depthWT_30arc_us.tif [depth to water table]
\u251c\u2500\u2500 kfactor_30arc_30cm_us.tif [30 cm depth soil erosion factor]
\u251c\u2500\u2500 kfactor_30arc_100cm_us.tif [100 cm depth soil erosion factor]
\u251c\u2500\u2500 ph_30arc_100cm_us.tif [100 cm depth soil pH]
\u251c\u2500\u2500 ph_30arc_100cm_us.tif [30 cm depth soil pH]
\u251c\u2500\u2500 pondingFre_30arc_us.tif [ponding frequency]
\u251c\u2500\u2500 sand_30arc_30cm_us.tif [30 cm depth soil sand content]
\u251c\u2500\u2500 sand_30arc_100cm_us.tif [100 cm depth soil sand content]
\u251c\u2500\u2500 silt_30arc_30cm_us.tif [30 cm depth soil silt content]
\u251c\u2500\u2500 silt_30arc_100cm_us.tif [100 cm depth soil silt content]
\u251c\u2500\u2500 water_content_30arc_30cm_us.tif [30 cm depth soil water content]
\u2514\u2500\u2500 water_content_30arc_100cm_us.tif [100 cm depth soil water content] SOC TIF files: \u251c\u2500\u250030cm SOC mean.tif [30 cm depth soil SOC]
\u251c\u2500\u2500100cm SOC mean.tif [100 cm depth soil SOC]
\u251c\u2500\u250030cm SOC CV.tif [30 cm depth soil SOC coefficient of variation]
\u2514\u2500\u2500100cm SOC CV.tif [100 cm depth soil SOC coefficient of variation] site observations csv files: ISCN_rmNRCS_addNCSS_30cm.csv 30cm ISCN sites SOC replaced NRCS sites with NCSS centroid removed data ISCN_rmNRCS_addNCSS_100cm.csv 100cm ISCN sites SOC replaced NRCS sites with NCSS centroid removed data
Data format: Geospatial files are provided in Geotiff format in Lat/Lon WGS84 EPSG: 4326 projection at 30 arc second resolution. Geospatial projection: 

GEOGCS['GCS_WGS_1984', DATUM['D_WGS_1984', SPHEROID['WGS_1984',6378137,298.257223563]], PRIMEM['Greenwich',0], UNIT['Degree',0.017453292519943295]] (base) [jbk@theseus ltar_regionalization]$ g.proj -w GEOGCS['wgs84', DATUM['WGS_1984', SPHEROID['WGS_1984',6378137,298.257223563]], PRIMEM['Greenwich',0], UNIT['degree',0.0174532925199433]]
", "keywords": ["gNATSGO", "the United States SOC", "US soil properties", "15. Life on land", "Gridded National Soil Survey Geographic Database", "International Soil Carbon Network (ISCN)"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8057232"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.8057232", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.8057232", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.8057232"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-01-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10029/626167", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:24:20Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-09-30", "title": "The European exposure science strategy 2020\u20132030", "description": "Open AccessISSN:1873-6750", "keywords": ["Environmental Sciences & Ecology", "01 natural sciences", "12. Responsible consumption", "CHEMICALS", "03 medical and health sciences", "11. Sustainability", "Humans", "Human exposure; Ecosystem exposure; Exposure assessment; Risk assessment; Safe and sustainable-by-design (SSbD); International Society of Exposure Science", "GE1-350", "International Society of Exposure Science", "/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/good_health_and_well_being; name=SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being", "European Union", "Ecosystem", "Risk assessment", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "Science & Technology", "Human exposure", "Ecosystem exposure", "3. Good health", "Environmental sciences", "Europe", "13. Climate action", "Exposure assessment", "Safe and sustainable-by-design (SSbD)", "0305 other medical science", "Life Sciences & Biomedicine", "Environmental Sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10029/626167"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environment%20International", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10029/626167", "name": "item", "description": "10029/626167", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10029/626167"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10419/302564", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:24:36Z", "type": "Report", "title": "Sustainable Cultivated Landscapes in Germany: Goals and Requirements from an Ecological, Economic and Legal Perspective", "description": "The global increase in greenhouse gases is also changing the climate conditions more severely in Germany. This particularly affects local cultivated landscapes, which cover large parts of Germany and are already experiencing a wide range of ecological problems. Although agricultural land use characterises cultivated landscapes, their sustainability does not only depend on a change in farming methods. The creation of sustainable cultivated landscapes requires an approach that goes beyond individual actions, which is rather a task for society as a whole that extends well beyond the responsibility and possibilities of individual landowners and managers. Based on the common ecological problems and the specific challenges of climate change described in more detail in the article, we therefore analyse what sustainability means and which social goals and requirements can be identified for cultivated landscapes. The article aims to create a basis for developing practical concepts for measures, government regulations and state subsidies.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "ddc:330", "Landscape ecology", "forestry", "International law", "Sustainable agriculture", "nature conservation", "cultivated landscape", "climate change", " cultivated landscape", " agriculture", " forestry", " sustainability", " international law", " European law", " constitutional law", " nature conservation", " ecosystems", " biodiversity", "15. Life on land", "sustainability", "constitutional law", "European law", "Ecosystems", "12. Responsible consumption", "Constitutional law", "climate change", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "Sustainability sciences", "Law enforcement", "international law", "ecosystems", "agriculture", "biodiversity"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10419/302564"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10419/302564", "name": "item", "description": "10419/302564", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10419/302564"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "111731d9-b65d-4211-a754-d1a16ccb49ba", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2025-09-20T08:25:15Z", "type": "Dataset", "language": "en", "title": "National Ecosystem and Ecosystem Services Map - Ecosystem Service Stock Map: Soil Carbon", "description": "This dataset contains a raster file showing the contribution of land to the regulation of greenhouse gases (carbon) through carbon sequestration associated with the soil. This dataset is part of a dataset series that establishes an ecosystem service maps (national scale) for a set of services prioritised through stakeholder consultation and any intermediate layers created by Environment Systems Ltd in the cause of the project. The individual dataset resources in the datasets series are to be considered in conjunction with the project report: https://www.npws.ie/research-projects/ecosystems-services-mapping-and-assessment The project provides a National Ecosystem and Ecosystem Services (ES) map for a suite of prioritised services to assist implementation of MAES (Mapping and Assessment of Ecosystems and their services) in Ireland. This involves stakeholder consultation for identification of services to be mapped, the development of a list of indicators and proxies for mapping, as well as an assessment of limitations to ES mapping on differing scales (Local, Catchment, Region, National, EU) based on data availability. Reporting on data gaps forms part of the project outputs. The project relied on the usage of pre-existing data, which was also utilised to create intermediate data layers to aid in ES mapping. For a full list of the data used throughout the project workings, please refer to the project report.", "formats": [{"name": "HTML"}], "keywords": ["biota", "ecosystem", "ecosystem-services", "environment", "geoscientificinformation", "habitat-protection", "habitats-and-biotopes", "heritage", "ie", "ireland", "landscape", "national-biodiversity-plan", "national-parks-and-wildlife-service", "npws", "soil"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Department of Housing, Local Government and Heritage", "roles": ["creator"]}, {"organization": "https://data.gov.ie/organization/department-of-housing-planning-community-and-local-government", "roles": ["publisher"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://dahg.maps.arcgis.com/apps/MapSeries/index.html?appid=cb5040a4a19645b6b424bed940c54fff"}, {"href": "https://www.npws.ie/sites/default/files/general/MAES15_ESmap_SoilCarbon_Final.zip"}, {"href": "http://data.europa.eu/88u/dataset/111731d9-b65d-4211-a754-d1a16ccb49ba~~1"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "111731d9-b65d-4211-a754-d1a16ccb49ba", "name": "item", "description": "111731d9-b65d-4211-a754-d1a16ccb49ba", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/111731d9-b65d-4211-a754-d1a16ccb49ba"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"null": "date"}}, {"id": "11336/263764", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:24:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-07-22", "title": "The time for ambitious action is now: Science-based recommendations for plastic chemicals to inform an effective global plastic treaty", "description": "Open AccessPublished by Elsevier Science, Amsterdam [u.a.]", "keywords": ["Faculty of Law", "330", "Human Rights", "United Nations", "[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "Microplastics", "International Cooperation", "/dk/atira/pure/core/keywords/TheFacultyOfLaw", "610", "Transparency", "PLASTIC CHEMICALS", "01 natural sciences", "12. Responsible consumption", "https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.5", "11. Sustainability", "Human rights", "Humans", "Microplastics", " Global plastic treaty", " Human rights", " Nanoplastics", " Source reduction", " Transparency", "/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/good_health_and_well_being; name=SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being", "https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1", "info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/610", "PLASTIC POLLUTION", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "MICROPLASTICS", "16. Peace & justice", "Global plastic treaty", "Environmental Policy", "3. Good health", "[SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "[SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "Source reduction", "13. Climate action", "Global Plastics Treaty", "Environmental Pollutants", "Nanoplastics", "[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "Environmental Pollution", "Plastics"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/11336/263764"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "11336/263764", "name": "item", "description": "11336/263764", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/11336/263764"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "11343/271785", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:24:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-07-03", "title": "Phylogenetic signals and predictability in plant\u2013soil feedbacks", "description": "Summary

There is strong evidence for a phylogenetic signal in the degree to which species share co\uffe2\uff80\uff90evolved biotic partners and in the outcomes of biotic interactions. This implies there should be a phylogenetic signal in the outcome of feedbacks between plants and the soil microbiota they cultivate. However, attempts to identify a phylogenetic signal in plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93soil feedbacks have produced mixed results.

Here we clarify how phylogenetic signals could arise in plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93soil feedbacks and use a recent compilation of data from feedback experiments to identify: whether there is a phylogenetic signal in the outcome of plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93soil feedbacks; and whether any signal arises through directional or divergent changes in feedback outcomes with evolutionary time.

We find strong evidence for a divergent phylogenetic signal in feedback outcomes. Distantly related plant species show more divergent responses to each other\uffe2\uff80\uff99s soil microbiota compared with closely related plant species. The pattern of divergence implies occasional co\uffe2\uff80\uff90evolutionary shifts in how plants interact with soil microbiota, with strongly contrasting feedback responses among some plant lineages.

Our results highlight that it is difficult to predict feedback outcomes from phylogeny alone, other than to say that more closely related species tend to have more similar responses.

We present a simple modeling technique based on linear spectral mixture analysis to assess satellite detectability of sub-pixel burned area. Pixel observations are modeled using a linear combination of pure land covers, called endmembers. We executed an experiment using spectral data from Yellowstone National Park, USA. Using endmember samples from spectral libraries, pixel samples were assessed on burn detectability using the widely used differenced Normalized Burn Ratio (dNBR). While individual samples yielded differing results for Landsat 8, Sentinel-2, and the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), the average park-wide detectability of burned area was consistent across satellites. For the commonly used dNBR threshold of 0.15, the results indicated that detectability is reached when around a quarter of a pixel\u2019s area is burned. However, a significant percentage of the modeled burned pixels remained undetectable, especially those with low pre-fire vegetation cover. This has consequences for burned area estimates, as smaller fires in sparsely vegetated terrain may remain undetected in moderate resolution burned area products.

", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "Science", "Q", "burned area detection", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "burned area detection; differenced Normalized Burn Ratio; spectral mixture analysis; Yellowstone National Park", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Yellowstone National Park", "15. Life on land", "spectral mixture analysis", "differenced Normalized Burn Ratio"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/9/2075/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/9/2075/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/1871.1/70b379b0-4a32-4b22-99c2-5b6047cdc86a"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Remote%20Sensing", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "1871.1/70b379b0-4a32-4b22-99c2-5b6047cdc86a", "name": "item", "description": "1871.1/70b379b0-4a32-4b22-99c2-5b6047cdc86a", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/1871.1/70b379b0-4a32-4b22-99c2-5b6047cdc86a"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-04-26T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "1912/10214", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:25:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-03-12", "title": "Global Carbon Budget 2017", "description": "

Abstract. Accurate assessment of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and their redistribution among the atmosphere, ocean, and terrestrial biosphere \u2013 the global carbon budget \u2013 is important to better understand the global carbon cycle, support the development of climate policies, and project future climate change. Here we describe data sets and methodology to quantify the five major components of the global carbon budget and their uncertainties. CO2 emissions from fossil fuels and industry (EFF) are based on energy statistics and cement production data, respectively, while emissions from land-use change (ELUC), mainly deforestation, are based on land-cover change data and bookkeeping models. The global atmospheric CO2 concentration is measured directly and its rate of growth (GATM) is computed from the annual changes in concentration. The ocean CO2 sink (SOCEAN) and terrestrial CO2 sink (SLAND) are estimated with global process models constrained by observations. The resulting carbon budget imbalance (BIM), the difference between the estimated total emissions and the estimated changes in the atmosphere, ocean, and terrestrial biosphere, is a measure of imperfect data and understanding of the contemporary carbon cycle. All uncertainties are reported as \u00b11\u03c3. For the last decade available (2007\u20132016), EFF was 9.4\u202f\u00b1\u202f0.5\u202fGtC\u202fyr\u22121, ELUC 1.3\u202f\u00b1\u202f0.7\u202fGtC\u202fyr\u22121, GATM 4.7\u202f\u00b1\u202f0.1\u202fGtC\u202fyr\u22121, SOCEAN 2.4\u202f\u00b1\u202f0.5\u202fGtC\u202fyr\u22121, and SLAND 3.0\u202f\u00b1\u202f0.8\u202fGtC\u202fyr\u22121, with a budget imbalance BIM of 0.6\u202fGtC\u202fyr\u22121 indicating overestimated emissions and/or underestimated sinks. For year 2016 alone, the growth in EFF was approximately zero and emissions remained at 9.9\u202f\u00b1\u202f0.5\u202fGtC\u202fyr\u22121. Also for 2016, ELUC was 1.3\u202f\u00b1\u202f0.7\u202fGtC\u202fyr\u22121, GATM was 6.1\u202f\u00b1\u202f0.2\u202fGtC\u202fyr\u22121, SOCEAN was 2.6\u202f\u00b1\u202f0.5\u202fGtC\u202fyr\u22121, and SLAND was 2.7\u202f\u00b1\u202f1.0\u202fGtC\u202fyr\u22121, with a small BIM of \u22120.3\u202fGtC. GATM continued to be higher in 2016 compared to the past decade (2007\u20132016), reflecting in part the high fossil emissions and the small SLAND consistent with El Ni\u00f1o conditions. The global atmospheric CO2 concentration reached 402.8\u202f\u00b1\u202f0.1\u202fppm averaged over 2016. For 2017, preliminary data for the first 6\u20139\u00a0months indicate a renewed growth in EFF of +2.0\u202f% (range of 0.8 to 3.0\u202f%) based on national emissions projections for China, USA, and India, and projections of gross domestic product (GDP) corrected for recent changes in the carbon intensity of the economy for the rest of the world. This living data update documents changes in the methods and data sets used in this new global carbon budget compared with previous publications of this data set (Le Qu\u00e9r\u00e9 et al., 2016, 2015b, a, 2014, 2013). All results presented here can be downloaded from https://doi.org/10.18160/GCP-2017 (GCP, 2017).

", "keywords": ["ENVIRONMENT SIMULATOR JULES", "550", "530 Physics", "[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph]", "MIXED-LAYER SCHEME", "INTERNATIONAL-TRADE", "7. Clean energy", "01 natural sciences", "333", "12. Responsible consumption", "FOSSIL-FUEL COMBUSTION", "ANTHROPOGENIC CO2 UPTAKE", "11. Sustainability", "SDG 13 - Climate Action", "Life Science", "GE1-350", "SDG 14 - Life Below Water", "ATMOSPHERIC CO2", "DIOXIDE EMISSIONS", "SDG 15 - Life on Land", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "LAND-COVER CHANGE", "QE1-996.5", "info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/550", "EARTH SYSTEM MODEL", "ddc:550", "VEGETATION MODEL", "Geology", "15. Life on land", "Environmental sciences", "Earth sciences", "13. Climate action", "8. Economic growth", "General Earth and Planetary Sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/66578/1/Published_manuscript.pdf"}, {"href": "http://oceanrep.geomar.de/42391/1/essd-10-405-2018.pdf"}, {"href": "https://boris.unibe.ch/116576/1/lequere18essd.pdf"}, {"href": "http://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/eprint/15161/1/essd-10-405-2018.pdf"}, {"href": "https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/eprint/15161/1/essd-10-405-2018.pdf"}, {"href": "https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/10/405/2018/essd-10-405-2018.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/1912/10214"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Earth%20System%20Science%20Data", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "1912/10214", "name": "item", "description": "1912/10214", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/1912/10214"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-03-12T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "1959.7/uws:66308", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:25:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-01-25", "title": "The global-scale distributions of soil protists and their contributions to belowground systems", "description": "

We studied the dominant protists found in soils across the globe and their contributions to belowground food webs.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0301 basic medicine", "0303 health sciences", "Bacteria", "Microbiota", "Biodiversity", "Ecolog\u00eda", "15. Life on land", "Archaea", "7. Clean energy", "Soil", "03 medical and health sciences", "international", "XXXXXX - Unknown", "Belowground systems", "Soil protists", "Distributions", "Plan_S-Compliant_OA", "Research Articles", "Soil Microbiology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/1959.7/uws:66308"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20Advances", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "1959.7/uws:66308", "name": "item", "description": "1959.7/uws:66308", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/1959.7/uws:66308"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-01-24T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "1959.7/uws:76872", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:25:07Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-01-08", "title": "Extreme drought impacts have been underestimated in grasslands and shrublands globally", "description": "

Climate change is increasing the frequency and severity of short-term (~1 y) drought events\u2014the most common duration of drought\u2014globally. Yet the impact of this intensification of drought on ecosystem functioning remains poorly resolved. This is due in part to the widely disparate approaches ecologists have employed to study drought, variation in the severity and duration of drought studied, and differences among ecosystems in vegetation, edaphic and climatic attributes that can mediate drought impacts. To overcome these problems and better identify the factors that modulate drought responses, we used a coordinated distributed experiment to quantify the impact of short-term drought on grassland and shrubland ecosystems. With a standardized approach, we imposed ~a single year of drought at 100 sites on six continents. Here we show that loss of a foundational ecosystem function\u2014aboveground net primary production (ANPP)\u2014was 60% greater at sites that experienced statistically extreme drought (1-in-100-y event) vs. those sites where drought was nominal (historically more common) in magnitude (35% vs. 21%, respectively). This reduction in a key carbon cycle process with a single year of extreme drought greatly exceeds previously reported losses for grasslands and shrublands. Our global experiment also revealed high variability in drought response but that relative reductions in ANPP were greater in drier ecosystems and those with fewer plant species. Overall, our results demonstrate with unprecedented rigor that the global impacts of projected increases in drought severity have been significantly underestimated and that drier and less diverse sites are likely to be most vulnerable to extreme drought.

", "keywords": ["[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "Medical Sciences", "Drought Severity", "550", "580 Plants (Botany)", "551", "Tierras de Matorral", "Medical Specialties", "Medicine and Health Sciences", "SDG 13 - Climate Action", "climate extreme | Drought-Net | International Drought Experiment | productivity", "Productividad Primaria Neta", "Net Primary Productivity", "Productivity", "2. Zero hunger", "Praderas", "Productividad", "Life Sciences", "Biological Sciences", "Grassland", "6. Clean water", "Droughts", "Grasslands", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "Drought-Net", "Public Health", "International Drought Experiment", "Ciclo del Carbono", "Severidad de la Sequ\u00eda", "Global Impacts", "productivity", "Climate Change", "climate extreme", "333", "Carbon Cycle", "Environmental Public Health", "XXXXXX - Unknown", "Impacto Global", "Scrublands", "General", "Biology", "Ecosystem", "Experimento internacional de Sequ\u00eda", "500", "Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases", "15. Life on land", "Clima Extremo", "Climate Science", "13. Climate action", "Cambio Clim\u00e1tico", "Extreme Climate", "Climate extreme", "Klimatvetenskap"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://boris.unibe.ch/191349/1/smith-et-al-2024-extreme-drought-impacts-have-been-underestimated-in-grasslands-and-shrublands-globally.pdf"}, {"href": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt9b707158/qt9b707158.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/1959.7/uws:76872"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Proceedings%20of%20the%20National%20Academy%20of%20Sciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "1959.7/uws:76872", "name": "item", "description": "1959.7/uws:76872", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/1959.7/uws:76872"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-01-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "1C4DD9D2-F846-492D-BC2D-36C365CB37C0", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[5.45, 46.99], [5.45, 55.06], [15.64, 55.06], [15.64, 46.99], [5.45, 46.99]]]}, "properties": {"updated": "2020-07-22", "type": "Service", "language": "ger", "title": "Soil types of the topsoils of Germany 1:1.000.000 (WMS)", "description": "Web Map Service (WMS) for the map of soil types of the topsoils of Germany. The map gives a visual impression of the distribution of typical, i.e. area-dominant (usually of the most common) soil types in upper soils in Germany. The map visualises the results of studies carried out in the BGR report on soil types of soils in Germany; BGR Archives, No. 0127305, are documented. The soil type was derived from the analysis data on grain fractions of the fine soils for 16,132 sites in Germany and the dominant Borden species group was assigned to the legend units of the use-differentiated soil overview map 1:1,000,000 (B\u00dcK1000N V2.3). For reasons of clarity adapted to the scale (1:1,000,000), the presentation is limited to the level of the soil type group in accordance with the Soil Science Mapping Guide (KA5).", "formats": [{"name": "png"}, {"name": "OGC:WMS"}], "keywords": ["Boden", "Soil", "Bodenart", "Bodenschutz", "Umweltschutz", "Bodenmineralogie", "Bodeneigenschaft", "Bodenfl\u00e4chendaten", "Boden\u00fcbersichtskarte", "infoMapAccessService", "inspireidentifiziert", "Korngr\u00f6\u00dfenzusammensetzung", "Textur", "opendata", "Bundesrepublik Deutschland", "National"], "contacts": [{"name": "Stange, Florian, Dr.", "organization": "Bundesanstalt f\u00fcr Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe", "position": null, "roles": ["pointOfContact"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "fis.bo@bgr.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Stilleweg 2"], "city": "Hannover", "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": "30655", "country": "DE"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}], "themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "Boden"}, {"id": "Soil"}], "scheme": "GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Bodenart"}, {"id": "Bodenschutz"}, {"id": "Umweltschutz"}, {"id": "Bodenmineralogie"}], "scheme": "GEMET - Concepts, version 2.4"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Bodeneigenschaft"}, {"id": "Bodenfl\u00e4chendaten"}, {"id": "Boden\u00fcbersichtskarte"}, {"id": "infoMapAccessService"}, {"id": "inspireidentifiziert"}, {"id": "Korngr\u00f6\u00dfenzusammensetzung"}, {"id": "Textur"}, {"id": "opendata"}], "scheme": "Freies Schlagwort"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "National"}], "scheme": "Spatial scope"}], "title_alternate": "BOART1000OB (WMS)"}, "links": [{"href": "https://services.bgr.de/wms/boden/boart1000ob/?REQUEST=GetCapabilities&SERVICE=wms&VERSION=1.3.0", "protocol": "OGC:WMS", "rel": null}, {"href": "https://services.bgr.de/boden/boart1000ob", "description": "Karte im BGR-Geoviewer", "rel": "information"}, {"href": "https://services.bgr.de/wms/boden/boart1000ob/?"}, {"href": "https://services.bgr.de/wms/boden/boart1000ob/?"}, {"href": "https://download.bgr.de/bgr/boden/BOART1000/WMS/Vorschaugrafik/BOART1000OB.png", "name": "preview", "description": "Web image thumbnail (URL)", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--image-thumbnail", "rel": "preview"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "1C4DD9D2-F846-492D-BC2D-36C365CB37C0", "name": "item", "description": "1C4DD9D2-F846-492D-BC2D-36C365CB37C0", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/1C4DD9D2-F846-492D-BC2D-36C365CB37C0"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-07-22T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "4d549019-b682-4f47-8142-998b954320d7", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[5.55, 49.42], [5.55, 50.25], [6.74, 50.25], [6.74, 49.42], [5.55, 49.42]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "farming"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "LPIS"}, {"id": "IACS"}], "scheme": "http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/metadata-codelist/IACSData"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Land cover"}], "scheme": "http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/theme"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "land cover"}, {"id": "common agricultural policy"}], "scheme": "GEMET - Concepts, version 2.4"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "National"}], "scheme": "http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/metadata-codelist/SpatialScope"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Geospatial"}, {"id": "Reference parcels"}], "scheme": "http://data.europa.eu/bna/asd487ae75"}], "updated": "2025-01-23T13:58:04Z", "type": "Dataset", "language": "eng", "title": "INSPIRE - Annex II Theme Land Cover - LandCoverUnit - Land Parcel Identification System (LPIS) - 2017 - Reference data of agricultural parcels", "description": "The Land Parcel Identification System (LPIS) is a reference database of the agriculture parcels used as a basis for area related payments to farmers in relation to the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP). These payments are (co)financed by the European Agricultural Guarantee Fund (\u2018EAGF\u2019) and the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (\u2018EAFRD\u2019).\nTo ensure that payments are regular, the CAP relies on the Integrated Administration and Control System (IACS), a set of comprehensive administrative and on the spot checks on subsidy applications, which is managed by the Member States. The Land Parcel Identification System (LPIS) is a key component of the IACS. It is an IT system based on ortho imagery (aerial or satellite photographs) which records all agricultural parcels in the Member States. It serves two main purposes: to clearly locate all eligible agricultural land contained within reference parcels and to calculate their maximum eligible area (MEA). 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Even though plastic mulch is widely used, the effects of macro- and micro- plastic residues on the soil-plant system and the agroecosystem are largely unknown. In this study, low density polyethylene and one type of starch-based biodegradable plastic mulch film were selected and used as examples of macro- and micro- sized plastic residues. A pot experiment was performed in a climate chamber to determine what effect mixing 1% concentration of residues of these plastics with sandy soil would have on wheat growth in the presence and absence of earthworms. The results showed that macro- and micro- plastic residues affected both above-ground and below-ground parts of the wheat plant during both vegetative and reproductive growth. The type of plastic mulch films used had a strong effect on wheat growth with the biodegradable plastic mulch showing stronger negative effects as compared to polyethylene. The presence of earthworms had an overall positive effect on the wheat growth and chiefly alleviated the impairments made by plastic residues.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Biodegradable mulch film", "Plastic residues", "Agroecosystem", "Microplastics", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Agriculture", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "Poaceae", "01 natural sciences", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "international", "Animals", "Soil Pollutants", "Plastics", "Triticum", "Plant growth", "Environmental Monitoring", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/20.500.11755/8824abef-66b4-4db7-b6e6-12f4ffc7d59f"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "20.500.11755/8824abef-66b4-4db7-b6e6-12f4ffc7d59f", "name": "item", "description": "20.500.11755/8824abef-66b4-4db7-b6e6-12f4ffc7d59f", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/20.500.11755/8824abef-66b4-4db7-b6e6-12f4ffc7d59f"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "20.500.11755/c93c6b8f-a362-420e-8049-8e1577bb54db", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:25:11Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-11-17", "title": "Effects of plastic mulch film residues on wheat rhizosphere and soil properties", "description": "Plastic residues could accumulate in soils as a consequence of using plastic mulching, which results in a serious environmental concern for agroecosystems. As an alternative, biodegradable plastic films stand as promising products to minimize plastic debris accumulation and reduce soil pollution. However, the effects of residues from traditional and biodegradable plastic films on the soil-plant system are not well studied. In this study, we used a controlled pot experiment to investigate the effects of macro- and micro- sized residues of low-density polyethylene and biodegradable plastic mulch films on the rhizosphere bacterial communities, rhizosphere volatile profiles and soil chemical properties. Interestingly, we identified significant effects of biodegradable plastic residues on the rhizosphere bacterial communities and on the blend of volatiles emitted in the rhizosphere. For example, in treatments with biodegradable plastics, bacteria genera like Bacillus and Variovorax were present in higher relative abundances and volatile compounds like dodecanal were exclusively produced in treatment with biodegradable microplastics. Furthermore, significant differences in soil pH, electrical conductivity and C:N ratio were observed across treatments. Our study provides evidence for both biotic and abiotic impacts of plastic residues on the soil-plant system, suggesting the urgent need for more research examining their environmental impacts on agroecosystems.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Volatile Organic Compounds", "Bacteria", "Microplastics", "national", "Plan_S-Compliant_NO", "Biodegradable Plastics", "Biodegradable plastics", "01 natural sciences", "Rhizosphere microbiome", "Soil", "Polyethylene", "13. 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For the field regions are used also data from P.O. \u201cVodproekt\u201d, as well as published materials and other investigations of: Sl. Ganchev, K. Mancheva, T. Ovcharova, T. Palaveev, L. Raikov, K. Janakiev etc.", "formats": [{"name": "Shp ESRI"}, {"name": "WWW:DOWNLOAD-1.0-http--download"}], "keywords": ["Soil", " map", " soil data", " classification", " FAO", "World", "National", "Bulgaria", "Soil"], "contacts": [{"name": "Prof. DSc. Irena Atanassova", "organization": "ISSAPP \u201cN. Poushkarov\u201d", "position": null, "roles": ["owner"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "soil@mail.bg"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}], "denominator": "400000", "edition": "http://localhost:8080/demodem/editioin"}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.issapp-pushkarov.org/sites/default/files/pictures/soil_shp.rar", "protocol": "WWW:DOWNLOAD-1.0-http--download", "rel": "download"}, {"href": "https://prodinspire.egov.bg/geonetwork/srv/api/records/1e7befc1-a2e0-482b-833c-8cb471fe67ee/attachments/soil-map1.jpg", "name": "preview", "description": "Web image thumbnail (URL)", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--image-thumbnail", "rel": "preview"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "1e7befc1-a2e0-482b-833c-8cb471fe67ee", "name": "item", "description": "1e7befc1-a2e0-482b-833c-8cb471fe67ee", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/1e7befc1-a2e0-482b-833c-8cb471fe67ee"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"interval": ["1957-01-01T00:00:00Z", "1967-03-12T00:00:00Z"]}}, {"id": "1f9cac1e-ac71-4007-bec1-bdf979fa4403", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2025-03-12T00:00:00Z", "type": "Dataset", "language": "de", "title": "Water storage capacity (field capacity) of the soils of Germany to a depth of 1m", "description": "The map of the water storage capacity of soils in Germany gives an overview of the field capacity of soils to a depth of 1m below ground surface. Field capacity is the amount of water that can be stored in the soil against gravity. Only part of this amount of water is plant-available. The map is based on the evaluation of the use-differentiated soil overview map 1:1.000.000 (BUEK1000N) and shows the classified field capacity. The method is published in the Soil Science Mapping Guide (KA4) and in the Soil Science Methodology Documentation of the ad hoc Soil Working Group. For the usage-dependent differentiation of the profile data, the land use data CORINE Land Cover 2006 are used.", "formats": [{"name": "georef. TIFF"}], "keywords": ["High value dataset", "boden", "bodenkarte", "bodenwasser", "bodenwasserhaushalt", "bundesrepublik-deutschland", "de", "erdbeobachtung-und-umwelt", "feldkapazita\u0308t", "inspireidentifiziert", "national", "opendata", "soil", "wasserspeicherfa\u0308higkeit"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Bundesanstalt f\u00fcr Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe (BGR)", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://download.bgr.de/bgr/Boden/FK10DM1000/geotiff/FK10dm1000_250.zip"}, {"href": "http://data.europa.eu/88u/dataset/1f9cac1e-ac71-4007-bec1-bdf979fa4403"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "1f9cac1e-ac71-4007-bec1-bdf979fa4403", "name": "item", "description": "1f9cac1e-ac71-4007-bec1-bdf979fa4403", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/1f9cac1e-ac71-4007-bec1-bdf979fa4403"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"null": "date"}}, {"id": "20.500.11755/0ac0db7b-7b7c-4a0d-9165-c61a26f15e2a", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:25:11Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-04-10", "title": "Can flooding-induced greenhouse gas emissions be mitigated by trait-based plant species choice?", "description": "Intensively managed grasslands are large sources of the potent greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (N2O) and important regulators of methane (CH4) consumption and production. The predicted increase in flooding frequency and severity due to climate change could increase N2O emissions and shift grasslands from a net CH4 sink to a source. Therefore, effective management strategies are critical for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions from flood-prone grasslands. We tested how repeated flooding affected the N2O and CH4 emissions from 11 different plant communities (Festuca arundinacea, Lolium perenne, Poa trivialis, and Trifolium repens in monoculture, 2- and 4-species mixtures), using intact soil cores from an 18-month old grassland field experiment in a 4-month greenhouse experiment. To elucidate potential underlying mechanisms, we related plant functional traits to cumulative N2O and CH4 emissions. We hypothesized that traits related with fast nitrogen uptake and growth would lower N2O and CH4 emissions in ambient (non-flooded) conditions, and that traits related to tissue toughness would lower N2O and CH4 emissions in flooded conditions. We found that flooding increased cumulative N2O emissions by 97 fold and cumulative CH4 emissions by 1.6 fold on average. Plant community composition mediated the flood-induced increase in N2O emissions. In flooded conditions, increasing abundance of the grass F. arundinacea was related with lower N2O emissions; whereas increases in abundance of the legume T. repens resulted in higher N2O emissions. In non-flooded conditions, N2O emissions were not clearly mediated by plant traits related with nitrogen uptake or biomass production. In flooded conditions, plant communities with high root carbon to nitrogen ratio were related with lower cumulative N2O emissions, and a lower global warming potential (CO2 equivalent of N2O and CH4). We conclude that plant functional traits related to slower decomposition and nitrogen mineralization could play a significant role in mitigating N2O emissions in flooded grasslands.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "Methane emissions", "Plan_S-Compliant-TA", "national", "Nitrous Oxide", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Floods", "12. Responsible consumption", "Nitrous oxide emissions", "Greenhouse Gases", "Soil", "Flooding", "Intensively managed grassland", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "Plant functional traits", "SDG 13 - Climate Action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Extreme weather event", "Methane"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/20.500.11755/0ac0db7b-7b7c-4a0d-9165-c61a26f15e2a"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "20.500.11755/0ac0db7b-7b7c-4a0d-9165-c61a26f15e2a", "name": "item", "description": "20.500.11755/0ac0db7b-7b7c-4a0d-9165-c61a26f15e2a", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/20.500.11755/0ac0db7b-7b7c-4a0d-9165-c61a26f15e2a"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "20.500.11755/3f7fbe66-ef1e-4bc4-920b-a9d989934d26", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:25:11Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-05-16", "title": "Plant community flood resilience in intensively managed grasslands and the role of the plant economic spectrum", "description": "Abstract

The increasing frequency of extreme weather events, such as floods, requires management strategies that promote resilience of grassland productivity. Mixtures of plant species may better resist and recover from flooding than monocultures, as they could combine species with stress\uffe2\uff80\uff90coping and resource acquisition traits. This has not yet been tested in intensively managed grasslands despite its relevance for enhancing agroecosystem resilience.

Using intact soil cores from an 18\uffe2\uff80\uff90month\uffe2\uff80\uff90old field experiment, we tested how 11 plant communities (Festuca arundinacea, Lolium perenne, Poa trivialis and Trifolium repens in monoculture, two\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and four\uffe2\uff80\uff90species mixtures) resist and recover from repeated flooding in a 4\uffe2\uff80\uff90month greenhouse experiment.

We found that plant community composition, not whether the community was a mixture or monoculture, influenced the community's resistance to flooding, although most communities were able to resist and recover from both floods.

The plant community's position on the leaf economic spectrum in flooded conditions was related to its resistance to and recovery from flooding. Resistance to and recovery from a severe flood were related to flood\uffe2\uff80\uff90induced intraspecific trait variation, causing a shift in the community's position on the leaf resource economic spectrum. In flooded conditions, resource\uffe2\uff80\uff90conservative communities (characterized by low specific leaf area, low leaf nitrogen content and high leaf dry matter content) better resisted and recovered from flooding. The community's position on the root resource economic spectrum was less connected to the community's resistance and recovery.

Synthesis and applications. Our study shows that in flooded conditions, resource\uffe2\uff80\uff90conservative plant communities are more resilient to flooding than resource\uffe2\uff80\uff90acquisitive communities in an intensively managed grassland. This suggests that plant community position on the leaf economic spectrum, as well as species\uffe2\uff80\uff99 flood\uffe2\uff80\uff90induced intraspecific variation, should be considered when designing grasslands to withstand increasing flood frequency and severity.

Microbial intracellular storage is key to defining microbial resource use strategies and could contribute to carbon (C) and nutrient cycling. However, little attention has been devoted to the role of intracellular storage in soil processes, in particular from a theoretical perspective. Here we fill this gap by integrating intracellular storage dynamics into a microbially explicit soil C and nutrient cycling model. Two ecologically relevant modes of storage are considered: reserve storage, in which elements are routed to a storage compartment in proportion to their uptake rate, and surplus storage, in which elements in excess of microbial stoichiometric requirements are stored and limiting elements are remobilized from storage to fuel growth and microbial maintenance. Our aim is to explore with this model how these different storage modes affect the retention of C and nutrients in active microbial biomass under idealized conditions mimicking a substrate pulse experiment. As a case study, we describe C and phosphorus (P) dynamics using literature data to estimate model parameters. Both storage modes enhance the retention of elements in microbial biomass, but the surplus storage mode is more effective to selectively store or remobilize C and nutrients according to microbial needs. Enhancement of microbial growth by both storage modes is largest when the substrate C:nutrient ratio is high (causing nutrient limitation after substrate addition) and the amount of added substrate is large. Moreover, storage increases biomass nutrient retention and growth more effectively when resources are supplied in a few large pulses compared to several smaller pulses (mimicking a nearly constant supply), which suggests storage to be particularly relevant in highly dynamic soil microhabitats. Overall, our results indicate that storage dynamics are most important under conditions of strong stoichiometric imbalance and may be of high ecological relevance in soil environments experiencing large variations in C and nutrient supply.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0301 basic medicine", "ecological stoichiometry", "nutrient limitation", "0303 health sciences", "microbial model", "Ecology", "Evolution", "15. Life on land", "surplus accumulation", "6. Clean water", "reserve storage", "03 medical and health sciences", "13. Climate action", "international", "QH359-425", "Plan_S-Compliant_OA", "QH540-549.5"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/20.500.11755/6f892ba7-93fa-4ced-ac75-2b5ff43692d6"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Frontiers%20in%20Ecology%20and%20Evolution", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "20.500.11755/6f892ba7-93fa-4ced-ac75-2b5ff43692d6", "name": "item", "description": "20.500.11755/6f892ba7-93fa-4ced-ac75-2b5ff43692d6", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/20.500.11755/6f892ba7-93fa-4ced-ac75-2b5ff43692d6"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-09-30T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "20.500.11755/dcf632f8-61d6-41b3-b189-49fabab11b37", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:25:11Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-09-30", "title": "Microbial storage and its implications for soil ecology", "description": "Abstract

Organisms throughout the tree of life accumulate chemical resources, in particular forms or compartments, to secure their availability for future use. Here we review microbial storage and its ecological significance by assembling several rich but disconnected lines of research in microbiology, biogeochemistry, and the ecology of macroscopic organisms. Evidence is drawn from various systems, but we pay particular attention to soils, where microorganisms play crucial roles in global element cycles. An assembly of genus-level data demonstrates the likely prevalence of storage traits in soil. We provide a theoretical basis for microbial storage ecology by distinguishing a spectrum of storage strategies ranging from surplus storage (storage of abundant resources that are not immediately required) to reserve storage (storage of limited resources at the cost of other metabolic functions). This distinction highlights that microorganisms can invest in storage at times of surplus and under conditions of scarcity. We then align storage with trait-based microbial life-history strategies, leading to the hypothesis that ruderal species, which are adapted to disturbance, rely less on storage than microorganisms adapted to stress or high competition. We explore the implications of storage for soil biogeochemistry, microbial biomass, and element transformations and present a process-based model of intracellular carbon storage. Our model indicates that storage can mitigate against stoichiometric imbalances, thereby enhancing biomass growth and resource-use efficiency in the face of unbalanced resources. Given the central roles of microbes in biogeochemical cycles, we propose that microbial storage may be influential on macroscopic scales, from carbon cycling to ecosystem stability.