{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.07.064", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-15T16:15:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-07-18", "title": "Response of soil dissolved organic matter to microplastic addition in Chinese loess soil", "description": "Plastic debris is accumulating in agricultural land due to the increased use of plastic mulches, which is causing serious environmental problems, especially for biochemical and physical properties of the soil. Dissolved organic matter (DOM) plays a central role in driving soil biogeochemistry, but little information is available on the effects of plastic residues, especially microplastic, on soil DOM. We conducted a soil-incubation experiment in a climate-controlled chamber with three levels of microplastic added to loess soil collected from the Loess Plateau in China: 0% (control, CK), 7% (M1) and 28% (M2) (w/w). We analysed the soil contents of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), dissolved organic nitrogen (DON), NH4+, NO3-, dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP), and PO43- and the activities of fluorescein diacetate hydrolase (FDAse) and phenol oxidase. The higher level of microplastic addition significantly increased the nutrient contents of the DOM solution. The lower level of addition had no significant effect on the DOM solution during the first seven days, but the rate of DOM decomposition decreased in M1 between days 7 and 30, which increased the nutrient contents. The microplastic facilitated the accumulation of high-molecular-weight humic-like material between days 7 and 30. The DOM solutions were mainly comprised of high-molecular-weight humic-like material in CK and M1 and of high-molecular-weight humic-like material and tyrosine-like material in M2. The Microplastic stimulated the activities of both enzymes. Microplastic addition thus stimulated enzymatic activity, activated pools of organic C, N, and P, and was beneficial for the accumulation of dissolved organic C, N and P.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "China", "Nitrogen", "Microplastic", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Excitation-emission matrix (EEM)", "Agriculture", "Phosphorus", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Carbon", "6. Clean water", "Soil", "Dissolved organic carbon (DOC)", "Dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP)", "Models", " Chemical", "13. Climate action", "Dissolved organic nitrogen (DON)", "Organic Chemicals", "Plastics", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.07.064"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Chemosphere", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.07.064", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.07.064", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.07.064"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/eap.1648", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-15T16:14:17Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-11-07", "title": "Crop rotations for increased soil carbon: perenniality as a guiding principle", "description": "Abstract<p>More diverse crop rotations have been promoted for their potential to remediate the range of ecosystem services compromised by biologically simplified grain\uffe2\uff80\uff90based agroecosystems, including increasing soil organic carbon (SOC). We hypothesized that functional diversity offers a more predictive means of characterizing the impact of crop rotations on SOC concentrations than species diversity per se. Furthermore, we hypothesized that functional diversity can either increase or decrease SOC depending on its associated carbon (C) input to soil. We compiled a database of 27 cropping system sites and 169 cropping systems, recorded the species and functional diversity of crop rotations, SOC concentrations (g C kg/soil), nitrogen (N) fertilizer applications (kg\uffc2\uffa0N\uffc2\uffb7ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffc2\uffb7yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921), and estimated C input to soil (Mg\uffc2\uffa0C\uffc2\uffb7ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffc2\uffb7yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921). We categorized crop rotations into three broad categories: grain\uffe2\uff80\uff90only rotations, grain rotations with cover crops, and grain rotations with perennial crops. We divided the grain\uffe2\uff80\uff90only rotations into two sub\uffe2\uff80\uff90categories: cereal\uffe2\uff80\uff90only rotations and those that included both cereals and a legume grain. We compared changes in SOC and C input using mean effect sizes and 95% bootstrapped confidence intervals. Cover cropped and perennial cropped rotations, relative to grain\uffe2\uff80\uff90only rotations, increased C input by 42% and 23% and SOC concentrations by 6.3% and 12.5%, respectively. Within grain\uffe2\uff80\uff90only rotations, cereal\uffc2\uffa0+\uffc2\uffa0legume grain rotations decreased total C input (\uffe2\uff88\uff9216%), root C input (\uffe2\uff88\uff9212%), and SOC (\uffe2\uff88\uff925.3%) relative to cereal\uffe2\uff80\uff90only rotations. We found no effect of species diversity on SOC within grain\uffe2\uff80\uff90only rotations. N fertilizer rates mediated the effect of functional diversity on SOC within grain\uffe2\uff80\uff90only crop rotations: at low N fertilizer rates (\uffe2\uff89\uffa475\uffc2\uffa0kg N\uffc2\uffb7ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffc2\uffb7yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921), the decrease in SOC with cereal\uffc2\uffa0+\uffc2\uffa0legume grain rotations was less than at high N fertilizer rates. Our results show that increasing the functional diversity of crop rotations is more likely to increase SOC concentrations if it is accompanied by an increase in C input. Functionally diverse perennial and cover cropped rotations increased both C input and SOC concentrations, potentially by exploiting niches in time that would otherwise be unproductive, that is, increasing the \uffe2\uff80\uff9cperenniality\uffe2\uff80\uff9d of crop rotations.</p>", "keywords": ["Crops", " Agricultural", "2. Zero hunger", "Science", "Ecology and Evolutionary Biology", "Agriculture", "Fabaceae", "cropping systems", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "functional diversity", "Poaceae", "sustainable agriculture", "Soil", "meta\u2010analysis", "soil organic matter", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "cover crops", "soil carbon", "Organic Chemicals", "perennials", "Fertilizers", "nitrogen fertilizer", "biodiversity"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.1648"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecological%20Applications", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/eap.1648", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/eap.1648", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/eap.1648"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-12-27T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00267-003-9106-5", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-15T16:14:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-03-22", "title": "Response Of Organic And Inorganic Carbon And Nitrogen To Long-Term Grazing Of The Shortgrass Steppe", "description": "We investigated the influence of long-term (56 years) grazing on organic and inorganic carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) contents of the plant-soil system (to 90 cm depth) in shortgrass steppe of northeastern Colorado. Grazing treatments included continuous season-long (May-October) grazing by yearling heifers at heavy (60-75% utilization) and light (20-35% utilization) stocking rates, and nongrazed exclosures. The heavy stocking rate resulted in a plant community that was dominated (75% of biomass production) by the C4 grass blue grama (Bouteloua gracilis), whereas excluding livestock grazing increased the production of C3 grasses and prickly pear cactus (Opuntia polycantha). Soil organic C (SOC) and organic N were not significantly different between the light grazing and nongrazed treatments, whereas the heavy grazing treatment was 7.5 Mg ha(-1) higher in SOC than the nongrazed treatment. Lower ratios of net mineralized N to total organic N in both grazed compared to nongrazed treatments suggest that long-term grazing decreased the readily mineralizable fraction of soil organic matter. Heavy grazing affected soil inorganic C (SIC) more than the SOC. The heavy grazing treatment was 23.8 Mg ha(-1) higher in total soil C (0-90 cm) than the nongrazed treatment, with 68% (16.3 Mg ha(-1)) attributable to higher SIC, and 32% (7.5 Mg ha(-1)) to higher SOC. These results emphasize the importance in semiarid and arid ecosystems of including inorganic C in assessments of the mass and distribution of plant-soil C and in evaluations of the impacts of grazing management on C sequestration.", "keywords": ["Cactaceae", "2. Zero hunger", "Colorado", "Nitrogen", "Feeding Behavior", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Poaceae", "01 natural sciences", "Carbon", "Soil", "Animals", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Cattle", "Biomass", "Desert Climate", "Organic Chemicals", "Plants", " Edible", "Ecosystem", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Jack A. Morgan, Daniel R. LeCain, Gerald E. Schuman, Jean D. Reeder,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-003-9106-5"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00267-003-9106-5", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00267-003-9106-5", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00267-003-9106-5"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-03-23T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.12.032", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-15T16:15:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-02-08", "title": "A Microcosm Approach To Assessing The Effects Of Earthworm Inoculation And Oat Cover Cropping On Co2 Fluxes And Biological Properties In An Amended Semiarid Soil", "description": "We designed a microcosm experiment to assess the influence of inoculation with Eisenia foetida earthworms and the establishment of an Avena sativa cover crop on biological (enzyme activities and labile carbon fractions) soil quality indicators in a soil treated with a composted organic residue, and to determine the contribution of these treatments to carbon dioxide emissions from the soil to the atmosphere of the microcosm. The microcosms were incubated for 53 days under 28 degrees C/18 degrees C day/night temperatures. The addition of earthworms and the planting of A. sativa increased dehydrogenase activity of compost amended soil by about 44% after 23 days of incubation. The metabolic potential, calculated as the ratio dehydrogenase activity/water soluble C, was higher in the compost amended soil planted with A. sativa. The highest total amount of CO2-C evolved occurred in the soil treated with composted residue and earthworms (about 40% of the total amount of CO2 evolved came from earthworm activity). The planting of A. sativa increased the decomposition rate constant of organic matter in the amended soil but decreased the potentially mineralizable C pool. In conclusion, the establishment of an A. sativa cover crop and the addition of E. foetida to a degraded agricultural soil treated with composted residue were effective treatments for improving the biological and biochemical quality and the metabolic potential of the soil.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Water soluble carbon", "Time Factors", "Avena", "Atmosphere", "Temperature", "Soil respiration", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Soil", "Eisenia foetida", "Dehydrogenase activity", "Animals", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Oligochaeta", "Organic Chemicals", "Oxidoreductases", "Mineralization potential", "Ecosystem", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.12.032"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Chemosphere", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.12.032", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.12.032", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.12.032"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.03.190", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-15T16:15:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-04-01", "title": "Dissolution and aggregation kinetics of zero valent copper nanoparticles in (simulated) natural surface waters: Simultaneous effects of pH, NOM and ionic strength", "description": "The combined effects of pH, dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and Ca2+/Mg2+ on the dissolution and aggregation kinetics of zero valent copper engineered nanoparticles (Cu0 ENPs) were investigated. The dissolution and aggregation of the particles were studied in (a) synthetic aqueous media, similar in chemistry to natural surface waters, and (b) natural surface waters samples, for up to 32 or 24\u202fh. The DOC stabilized the particles and prevented aggregation, and thus increased the available surface area. The higher available surface area in turn accelerated the dissolution of the particles. The presence of Ca2+/Mg2+, however, changed the aggregation and the dissolution of the DOC-stabilized particles. The influence of Ca2+/Mg2+ on DOC-stabilized particles was different at different pH's. In the absence of DOC, 10\u202fmM of Ca2+/Mg2+ induced charge reversal on the particles and caused particle stability against aggregation. This subsequently increased particles dissolution. The results obtained with regard to dissolution and aggregation of the particles in natural surface waters were compared with those determined for the synthetic waters. This comparison showed that the behavior of the particles in the natural surface waters was mostly similar to the behavior determined for media at pH 9. Overall, the current study provides some novel insights into the simultaneous effects of physicochemical parameters of water on particle stability against aggregation and dissolution, and provides data about how the processes of aggregation and dissolution of Cu0 ENPs interact and jointly determine the overall particle fate.", "keywords": ["Cations", " Divalent", "Environmental fate", "Osmolar Concentration", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Metal Nanoparticles", "Fresh Water", "02 engineering and technology", "Hydrogen-Ion Concentration", "01 natural sciences", "Physico-chemical parameters", "6. Clean water", "Aggregation", "Kinetics", "Solubility", "Aggregation; Complexation; Copper nanoparticles; Dissolution; Environmental fate; Natural water; Physico-chemical parameters", "Complexation", "Natural water", "Calcium", "Magnesium", "Copper nanoparticles", "Organic Chemicals", "Dissolution", "Copper", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.03.190"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Chemosphere", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.03.190", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.03.190", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.03.190"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.07.035", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-15T16:15:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-07-08", "title": "Assessment and prediction of joint algal toxicity of binary mixtures of graphene and ionic liquids", "description": "Graphene and ionic liquids (ILs) released into the environment will interact with each other. So far however, the risks associated with the concurrent exposure of biota to graphene and ILs in the environment have received little attention. The research reported here focused on observing and predicting the joint toxicity effects in the green alga Scenedesmus obliquus exposed to binary mixtures of intrinsic graphene (iG)/graphene oxide (GO) and five ILs of varying anionic and cationic types. The isolated ILs in the binary mixtures were the main contributors to toxicity. The binary GO-IL mixtures resulted in more severe joint toxicity than the binary iG-IL mixtures, irrespective of mixture ratios. The mechanism of the joint toxicity may be associated with the adsorption capability of the graphenes for the ILs, the dispersion stability of the graphenes in aquatic media, and modulation of the binary mixtures-induced oxidative stress. A toxic unit assessment showed that the graphene and IL toxicities were additive at low concentration of the mixtures but antagonistic at high concentration of the mixtures. Predictions made using the concentration addition and independent action models were close to the observed joint toxicities regardless of mixture types and mixture ratios. These findings provide new insights that are of use in the risk assessment of mixtures of engineered nanoparticles and other environmentally relevant contaminants.", "keywords": ["Anions", "Chlorophyta", "13. Climate action", "Toxicity Tests", "Ionic Liquids", "Graphite", "02 engineering and technology", "Organic Chemicals", "0210 nano-technology", "01 natural sciences", "Water Pollutants", " Chemical", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.07.035"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Chemosphere", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.07.035", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.07.035", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.07.035"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.envpol.2017.12.015", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-15T16:16:11Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-12-21", "title": "Impact of water chemistry on the behavior and fate of copper nanoparticles", "description": "A full-factorial test design was applied to systematically investigate the contribution and significance of water chemistry parameters (pH, divalent cations and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration) and their interactions on the behavior and fate of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs). The total amount of Cu remaining in the water column after 48\u00a0h of incubation was mostly influenced by divalent cation content, DOC concentration and the interaction of divalent cations and DOC. DOC concentration was the predominant factor influencing the dissolution of CuNPs, which was far more important than the effect of pH in the range from 6 to 9 on the dissolution of the CuNPs. The addition of DOC at concentrations ranging from 5 to 50\u00a0mg\u00a0C/L resulted in a 3-5 fold reduction of dissolution of CuNPs after 48\u00a0h of incubation, as compared to the case without addition of DOC. Divalent cation content was found to be the most influential factor regarding aggregation behavior of the particles, followed by DOC concentration and the interaction of divalent cations and DOC. In addition, the aggregation behavior of CuNPs rather than particulate dissolution explained most of the variance in the sedimentation profiles of CuNPs. These results are meaningful for improved understanding and prediction of the behavior and fate of metallic NPs in aqueous environments.", "keywords": ["Cations", " Divalent", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Metal Nanoparticles", "Water", "Fresh Water", "02 engineering and technology", "Hydrogen-Ion Concentration", "01 natural sciences", "Carbon", "13. Climate action", "Organic Chemicals", "Copper", "Water Pollutants", " Chemical", "Environmental Monitoring", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2017.12.015"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Pollution", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.envpol.2017.12.015", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.envpol.2017.12.015", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.envpol.2017.12.015"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.03.017", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-15T16:16:39Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-03-22", "title": "A Three-Year Experiment Confirms Continuous Immobilization Of Cadmium And Lead In Contaminated Paddy Field With Biochar Amendment", "description": "Heavy metal contamination in croplands has been a serious concern because of its high health risk through soil-food chain transfer. A field experiment was conducted in 2010-2012 in a contaminated rice paddy in southern China to determine if bioavailability of soil Cd and Pb could be reduced while grain yield was sustained over 3 years after a single soil amendment of wheat straw biochar. Contaminated biochar particles were separated from the biochar amended soil and microscopically analyzed to help determine where, and how, metals were immobilized with biochar. Biochar soil amendment (BSA) consistently and significantly increased soil pH, total organic carbon and decreased soil extractable Cd and Pb over the 3 year period. While rice plant tissues' Cd content was significantly reduced, depending on biochar application rate, reduction in plant Pb concentration was found only in root tissue. Analysis of the fresh and contaminated biochar particles indicated that Cd and Pb had probably been bonded with the mineral phases of Al, Fe and P on and around and inside the contaminated biochar particle. Immobilization of the Pb and Cd also occurred to cation exchange on the porous carbon structure.", "keywords": ["China", "anzsrc-for: 4105 Pollution and Contamination", "Soil remediation", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "4102 Ecological Applications", "Aged biochar", "02 engineering and technology", "41 Environmental Sciences", "01 natural sciences", "630", "anzsrc-for: 41 Environmental Sciences", "4105 Pollution and Contamination", "anzsrc-for: 40 Engineering", "Soil", "anzsrc-for: 34 Chemical sciences", "Metals", " Heavy", "Soil Pollutants", "Biomass", "Organic Chemicals", "anzsrc-for: 03 Chemical Sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "anzsrc-for: 05 Environmental Sciences", "Oryza", "Heavy", "Hydrogen-Ion Concentration", "Heavy metal pollution", "anzsrc-for: 4102 Ecological Applications", "Carbon", "6. Clean water", "Biochar", "Lead", "Metals", "13. Climate action", "Charcoal", "Rice paddy", "Adsorption", "anzsrc-for: 09 Engineering", "Cadmium"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.03.017"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Hazardous%20Materials", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.03.017", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.03.017", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.03.017"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1038/s41467-019-11993-1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-15T16:17:44Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-09-04", "title": "Plant roots increase both decomposition and stable organic matter formation in boreal forest soil", "description": "Abstract<p>Boreal forests are ecosystems with low nitrogen (N) availability that store globally significant amounts of carbon (C), mainly in plant biomass and soil organic matter (SOM). Although crucial for future climate change predictions, the mechanisms controlling boreal C and N pools are not well understood. Here, using a three-year field experiment, we compare SOM decomposition and stabilization in the presence of roots, with exclusion of roots but presence of fungal hyphae and with exclusion of both roots and fungal hyphae. Roots accelerate SOM decomposition compared to the root exclusion treatments, but also promote a different soil N economy with higher concentrations of organic soil N compared to inorganic soil N accompanied with the build-up of stable SOM-N. In contrast, root exclusion leads to an inorganic soil N economy (i.e., high level of inorganic N) with reduced stable SOM-N build-up. Based on our findings, we provide a framework on how plant roots affect SOM decomposition and stabilization.</p>", "keywords": ["roots", "0106 biological sciences", "330", "Nitrogen", "Science", "ta1171", "Hyphae", "Models", " Biological", "Plant Roots", "01 natural sciences", "Article", "LITTER DECOMPOSITION", "Soil", "POLYPHENOLS", "CARBON SEQUESTRATION", "soil organic matter", "Taiga", "SDG 13 - Climate Action", "SUGAR MAPLE", "Biomass", "Organic Chemicals", "forest ecology", "106026 Ecosystem research", "Ecosystem", "Soil Microbiology", "TANNINS", "2. Zero hunger", "106022 Mikrobiologie", "ECTOMYCORRHIZAL FUNGI", "MYCORRHIZA", "Q", "ta1182", "Forestry", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Plants", "15. Life on land", "Carbon", "Environmental sciences", "NITROGEN", "Boreal forests", "106026 \u00d6kosystemforschung", "13. Climate action", "SDG 13 \u2013 Ma\u00dfnahmen zum Klimaschutz", "106022 Microbiology", "ta1181", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "COMMUNITIES", "STORAGE"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-019-11993-1.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-11993-1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Nature%20Communications", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1038/s41467-019-11993-1", "name": "item", "description": "10.1038/s41467-019-11993-1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1038/s41467-019-11993-1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-09-04T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1039/d1ay01702k", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-15T16:17:53Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-03-17", "title": "The influence of pH on dissolved organic matter fluorescence in inland waters", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Fluorescence is an easily available analytical technique used to assess the optical characteristics of dissolved organic matter (DOM).</p></article>", "keywords": ["[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean", "570", "Atmosphere", "[SDU.OCEAN] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean", " Atmosphere", "Hydrogen-Ion Concentration", "Milj\u00f6vetenskap", "Dissolved Organic Matter", "01 natural sciences", "[SDU.ENVI] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", " environment", "6. Clean water", "Lakes", "13. Climate action", "14. Life underwater", "[SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", "Organic Chemicals", "environment", "Environmental Sciences", "Humic Substances", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2022/AY/D1AY01702K"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1039/d1ay01702k"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Analytical%20Methods", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1039/d1ay01702k", "name": "item", "description": "10.1039/d1ay01702k", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1039/d1ay01702k"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1093/treephys/tpr066", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-15T16:18:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-08-04", "title": "Root Standing Crop And Chemistry After Six Years Of Soil Warming In A Temperate Forest", "description": "Examining the responses of root standing crop (biomass and necromass) and chemistry to soil warming is crucial for understanding root dynamics and functioning in the face of global climate change. We assessed the standing crop, total nitrogen (N) and carbon (C) compounds in tree roots and soil net N mineralization over the growing season after 6 years of experimental soil warming in a temperate deciduous forest in 2008. Roots were sorted into four different categories: live and dead fine roots (\u22641mm in diameter) and live and dead coarse roots (1-4 mm in diameter). Total root standing crop (live plus dead) in the top 10 cm of soil in the warmed area was 42.5% (378.4 vs. 658.5 g m(-2)) lower than in the control area, while live root standing crop in the warmed area was 62% lower than in the control area. Soil net N mineralization over the growing season increased by 79.4% in the warmed relative to the control area. Soil warming did not significantly change the concentrations of C and C compounds (sugar, starch, hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin) in the four root categories. However, total N concentration in the live fine roots in the warmed area was 10.5% (13.7 vs. 12.4 mg g(-1)) higher and C:N ratio was 8.6% (38.5 vs. 42.1) lower than in the control area. The increase in N concentration in the live fine roots could be attributed to the increase in soil N availability due to soil warming. Net N mineralization was negatively correlated with both live and dead fine roots in the mineral soil that is home to the majority of roots, suggesting that soil warming increases N mineralization, decreases fine root biomass and thus decreases C allocation belowground.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "Hot Temperature", "Climate Change", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Plant Roots", "01 natural sciences", "Trees", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Biomass", "Organic Chemicals", "Nitrogen Compounds"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpr066"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Tree%20Physiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1093/treephys/tpr066", "name": "item", "description": "10.1093/treephys/tpr066", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1093/treephys/tpr066"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/1751-7915.13372", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-15T16:18:38Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-02-01", "title": "Breaking the state-of-the-art in the chemical industry with new-to-Nature products via synthetic microbiology", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "0303 health sciences", "03 medical and health sciences", "Editorial: Synthetic Microbiology as a Source of New Enterprises and Job Creation", "Metabolic Engineering", "Synthetic Biology", "Organic Chemicals", "Biotechnology"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/wol1/doi/10.1111/1751-7915.13372/fullpdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/1751-7915.13372"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Microbial%20Biotechnology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/1751-7915.13372", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/1751-7915.13372", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/1751-7915.13372"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-01-31T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1462-2920.2008.01735.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-15T16:18:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-09-01", "title": "The Effects Of Chronic Nitrogen Fertilization On Alpine Tundra Soil Microbial Communities: Implications For Carbon And Nitrogen Cycling", "description": "Summary<p>Many studies have shown that changes in nitrogen (N) availability affect primary productivity in a variety of terrestrial systems, but less is known about the effects of the changing N cycle on soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition. We used a variety of techniques to examine the effects of chronic N amendments on SOM chemistry and microbial community structure and function in an alpine tundra soil. We collected surface soil (0\uffe2\uff80\uff935\uffe2\uff80\uff83cm) samples from five control and five long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term N\uffe2\uff80\uff90amended plots established and maintained at the Niwot Ridge Long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term Ecological Research (LTER) site. Samples were bulked by treatment and all analyses were conducted on composite samples. The fungal community shifted in response to N amendments, with a decrease in the relative abundance of basidiomycetes. Bacterial community composition also shifted in the fertilized soil, with increases in the relative abundance of sequences related to the Bacteroidetes and Gemmatimonadetes, and decreases in the relative abundance of the Verrucomicrobia. We did not uncover any bacterial sequences that were closely related to known nitrifiers in either soil, but sequences related to archaeal nitrifiers were found in control soils. The ratio of fungi to bacteria did not change in the N\uffe2\uff80\uff90amended soils, but the ratio of archaea to bacteria dropped from 20% to less than 1% in the N\uffe2\uff80\uff90amended plots. Comparisons of aliphatic and aromatic carbon compounds, two broad categories of soil carbon compounds, revealed no between treatment differences. However, G\uffe2\uff80\uff90lignins were found in higher relative abundance in the fertilized soils, while proteins were detected in lower relative abundance. Finally, the activities of two soil enzymes involved in N cycling changed in response to chronic N amendments. These results suggest that chronic N fertilization induces significant shifts in soil carbon dynamics that correspond to shifts in microbial community structure and function.</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Bacteria", "Nitrogen", "Molecular Sequence Data", "Fungi", "Biodiversity", "Sequence Analysis", " DNA", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Archaea", "Carbon", "6. Clean water", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Organic Chemicals", "Fertilizers", "Phylogeny", "Soil Microbiology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2008.01735.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Microbiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1462-2920.2008.01735.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1462-2920.2008.01735.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2008.01735.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-09-30T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03613.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-15T16:18:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-01-19", "title": "Drought Alters Carbon Fluxes In Alpine Snowbed Ecosystems Through Contrasting Impacts On Graminoids And Forbs", "description": "\u2022 Climate change is predicted to increase the frequency of drought events in alpine ecosystems with the potential to affect carbon turnover. \u2022 We removed intact turfs from a Nardus stricta alpine snowbed community and subjected half of them to two drought events of 8 d duration under controlled conditions. Leachate dissolved organic carbon (DOC) was measured throughout the 6 wk study period, and a (13)CO(2) pulse enabled quantification of fluxes of recent assimilate into shoots, roots and leachate and ecosystem CO(2) exchange. \u2022 The amount of DOC in leachate from droughted cores was 62% less than in controls. Drought reduced graminoid biomass, increased forb biomass, had no effect on bryophytes, and led to an overall decrease in total above-ground biomass compared with controls. Net CO(2) exchange, gross photosynthesis and the amount of (13)CO(2) fixed were all significantly less in droughted turfs. These turfs also retained proportionally more (13)C in shoots, allocated less (13)C to roots, and the amount of dissolved organic (13)C recovered in leachate was 57% less than in controls. \u2022 Our data show that drought events can have significant impacts on ecosystem carbon fluxes, and that the principal mechanism behind this is probably changes in the relative abundance of forbs and grasses.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "leachate", "Carbon Isotopes", "Nardus stricta", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Plants", "15. Life on land", "net CO2 exchange", "dissolved organic carbon", "01 natural sciences", "plant diversity", "Carbon", "6. Clean water", "Droughts", "climate change", "13. Climate action", "Snow", "13CO(2)", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Biomass", "Organic Chemicals", "Ecosystem"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03613.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03613.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03613.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03613.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-01-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/ppl.14024", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-15T16:19:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-09-21", "title": "Restricted O2 consumption in pea roots induced by hexanoic acid is linked to depletion of Krebs cycle substrates", "description": "Abstract<p>Plant roots are exposed to hypoxia in waterlogged soils, and they are further challenged by specific phytotoxins produced by microorganisms in such conditions. One such toxin is hexanoic acid (HxA), which, at toxic levels, causes a strong decline in root O2 consumption. However, the mechanism underlying this process is still unknown. We treated pea (Pisum sativum L.) roots with 20\uffe2\uff80\uff89mM HxA at pH\uffe2\uff80\uff895.0 and 6.0 for a short time (1\uffe2\uff80\uff89h) and measured leakage of key electrolytes such as metal cations, malate, citrate and nonstructural carbohydrates (NSC). After treatment, mitochondria were isolated to assess their functionality evaluated as electrical potential and O2 consumption rate. HxA treatment resulted in root tissue extrusion of K+, malate, citrate and NSC, but only the leakage of the organic acids and NSC increased at pH\uffe2\uff80\uff895.0, concomitantly with the inhibition of O2 consumption. The activity of mitochondria isolated from treated roots was almost unaffected, showing just a slight decrease in oxygen consumption after treatment at pH\uffe2\uff80\uff895.0. Similar results were obtained by treating the pea roots with another organic acid with a short carbon chain, that is, butyric acid. Based on these results, we propose a model in which HxA, in its undissociated form prevalent at acidic pH, stimulates the efflux of citrate, malate and NSC, which would, in turn, cause starvation of mitochondrial respiratory substrates of the Krebs cycle and a consequent decline in O2 consumption. Cation extrusion would be a compensatory mechanism in order to restore plasma membrane potential.</p", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Citric Acid Cycle", "Malates", "Citrates", "Organic Chemicals", "Caproates", "Plant Roots", "6. Clean water", "Pisum sativum", "Citric Acid", "3. Good health"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://air.unimi.it/bitstream/2434/1004008/2/49-Casolo%282023%29Pea-roots-HxA.pdf"}, {"href": "https://air.uniud.it/bitstream/11390/1262946/1/Physiologia%20Plantarum%20-%202023%20-%20Casolo%20-%20Restricted%20O2%20consumption%20in%20pea%20roots%20induced%20by%20hexanoic%20acid%20is%20linked%20to%20%281%29.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/ppl.14024"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Physiologia%20Plantarum", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/ppl.14024", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/ppl.14024", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/ppl.14024"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1128/aem.00527-11", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-15T16:19:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-09-17", "title": "Microbial Communities Show Parallels At Sites With Distinct Litter And Soil Characteristics", "description": "ABSTRACT<p>Plant and microbial community composition in connection with soil chemistry determines soil nutrient cycling. The study aimed at demonstrating links between plant and microbial communities and soil chemistry occurring among and within four sites: two pine forests with contrasting soil pH and two grasslands of dissimilar soil chemistry and vegetation. Soil was characterized by C and N content, particle size, and profiles of low-molecular-weight compounds determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) of soil extracts. Bacterial and actinobacterial community composition was assessed by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) and cloning followed by sequencing. Abundances of bacteria, fungi, and actinobacteria were determined by quantitative PCR. In addition, a pool of secondary metabolites was estimated byermresistance genes coding for rRNA methyltransferases. The sites were characterized by a stable proportion of C/N within each site, while on a larger scale, the grasslands had a significantly lower C/N ratio than the forests. A Spearman's test showed that soil pH was correlated with bacterial community composition not only among sites but also within each site. Bacterial, actinobacterial, and fungal abundances were related to carbon sources while T-RFLP-assessed microbial community composition was correlated with the chemical environment represented by HPLC profiles. Actinobacteria community composition was the only studied microbial characteristic correlated to all measured factors. It was concluded that the microbial communities of our sites were influenced primarily not only by soil abiotic characteristics but also by dominant litter quality, particularly, by percentage of recalcitrant compounds.</p>", "keywords": ["DNA", " Bacterial", "Nitrogen", "Molecular Sequence Data", "Colony Count", " Microbial", "104004 Chemical biology", "Soil", "Cluster Analysis", "Organic Chemicals", "Chromatography", " High Pressure Liquid", "Phylogeny", "Soil Microbiology", "2. Zero hunger", "Bacteria", "Fungi", "Biodiversity", "Methyltransferases", "Sequence Analysis", " DNA", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Hydrogen-Ion Concentration", "Plants", "15. Life on land", "Bacterial Load", "Carbon", "104004 Chemische Biologie", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Polymorphism", " Restriction Fragment Length"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.00527-11"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20and%20Environmental%20Microbiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1128/aem.00527-11", "name": "item", "description": "10.1128/aem.00527-11", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1128/aem.00527-11"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1155/2014/152576", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-15T16:19:19Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-05-22", "title": "Response Of Soil C And N, Dissolved Organic C And N, And Inorganic N To Short-Term Experimental Warming In An Alpine Meadow On The Tibetan Plateau", "description": "<p>Although alpine meadows of Tibet are expected to be strongly affected by climatic warming, it remains unclear how soil organic C (SOC), total N (TN), ammonium N(NH4+-N), nitrate N(NO3+-N), and dissolved organic C (DOC) and N (DON) respond to warming. This study aims to investigate the responses of these C and N pools to short-term experimental warming in an alpine meadow of Tibet. A warming experiment using open top chambers was conducted in an alpine meadow at three elevations (i.e., a low (4313\uffe2\uff80\uff89m), mid-(4513\uffe2\uff80\uff89m), and high (4693\uffe2\uff80\uff89m) elevation) in May 2010. Topsoil (0\uffe2\uff80\uff9320\uffe2\uff80\uff89cm depth) samples were collected in July\uffe2\uff80\uff93September 2011. Experimental warming increased soil temperature by ~1\uffe2\uff80\uff931.4\uffc2\uffb0C but decreased soil moisture by ~0.04\uffe2\uff80\uff89m3m\uffe2\uff88\uff923. Experimental warming had little effects on SOC, TN, DOC, and DON, which may be related to lower warming magnitude, the short period of warming treatment, and experimental warming-induced soil drying by decreasing soil microbial activity. Experimental warming decreased significantly inorganic N at the two lower elevations,but had negligible effect at the high elevation. Our findings suggested that the effects of short-term experimental warming on SOC, TN and dissolved organic matter were insignificant, only affecting inorganic forms.</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Technology", "T", "Science", "Altitude", "Q", "R", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Tibet", "Global Warming", "Carbon", "Soil", "Inorganic Chemicals", "13. Climate action", "Medicine", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Organic Chemicals", "Nitrogen Compounds", "Research Article", "Environmental Monitoring"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Chengqun Yu, Gang Fu, Zhenxi Shen, Wei Sun, Xianzhou Zhang,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/152576"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/The%20Scientific%20World%20Journal", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1155/2014/152576", "name": "item", "description": "10.1155/2014/152576", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1155/2014/152576"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1371%2fjournal.pone.0053761", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-15T16:19:28Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-01-14", "title": "Warming Rather Than Increased Precipitation Increases Soil Recalcitrant Organic Carbon In A Semiarid Grassland After 6 Years Of Treatments", "description": "Improved understanding of changes in soil recalcitrant organic carbon (C) in response to global warming is critical for predicting changes in soil organic C (SOC) storage. Here, we took advantage of a long-term field experiment with increased temperature and precipitation to investigate the effects of warming, increased precipitation and their interactions on SOC fraction in a semiarid Inner Mongolian grassland of northern China since April 2005. We quantified labile SOC, recalcitrant SOC and stable SOC at 0-10 and 10-20 cm depths. Results showed that neither warming nor increased precipitation affected total SOC and stable SOC at either depth. Increased precipitation significantly increased labile SOC at the 0-10 cm depth. Warming decreased labile SOC (P\u200a=\u200a0.038) and marginally but significantly increased recalcitrant SOC at the 10-20 cm depth (P\u200a=\u200a0.082). In addition, there were significant interactive effects of warming and increased precipitation on labile SOC and recalcitrant SOC at the 0-10 cm depth (both P<0.05), indicating that that results from single factor experiments should be treated with caution because of multi-factor interactions. Given that the absolute increase of SOC in the recalcitrant SOC pool was much greater than the decrease in labile SOC, and that the mean residence time of recalcitrant SOC is much greater, our results suggest that soil C storage at 10-20 cm depth may increase with increasing temperature in this semiarid grassland.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Time Factors", "Nitrogen", "Science", "Rain", "Q", "R", "Temperature", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Poaceae", "Carbon", "Droughts", "Soil", "Soil biology", "13. Climate action", "Medicine", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Biomass", "Organic Chemicals", "Soil Microbiology", "Research Article"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1371%2fjournal.pone.0053761"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PLoS%20ONE", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1371%2fjournal.pone.0053761", "name": "item", "description": "10.1371%2fjournal.pone.0053761", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1371%2fjournal.pone.0053761"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-01-14T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1371%2fjournal.pone.0191403", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-15T16:19:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-01-23", "title": "Effects Of Short-Term Warming And Nitrogen Addition On The Quantity And Quality Of Dissolved Organic Matter In A Subtropical Cunninghamia Lanceolata Plantation", "description": "Increasing temperature and nitrogen (N) deposition are two large-scale changes projected to occur over the coming decades. The effects of these changes on dissolved organic matter (DOM) are largely unknown. This study aimed to assess the effects of warming and N addition on the quantity and quality of DOM from a subtropical Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation. Between 2014 and 2016, soil solutions were collected from 0-15, 15-30, and 30-60 cm depths by using a negative pressure sampling method. The quantity and quality of DOM were measured under six different treatments. The spectra showed that the DOM of the forest soil solution mainly consisted of aromatic protein-like components, microbial degradation products, and negligible amounts of humic-like substances. Warming, N addition, and warming + N addition significantly inhibited the concentration of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in the surface (0-15 cm) soil solution. Our results suggested that warming reduced the amount of DOM originating from microbes. The decrease in protein and carboxylic acid contents was mostly attributed to the reduction of DOC following N addition. The warming + N addition treatment showed an interactive effect rather than an additive effect. Thus, short-term warming and warming + N addition decreased the quantity of DOM and facilitated the migration of nutrients to deeper soils. Further, N addition increased the complexity of the DOM structure. Hence, the loss of soil nutrients and the rational application of N need to be considered in order to prevent the accumulation of N compounds in soil.", "keywords": ["China", "Nitrogen", "Science", "Global Warming", "Models", " Biological", "Carbon Cycle", "Soil", "Imaging", " Three-Dimensional", "Organic Chemicals", "Ecosystem", "2. Zero hunger", "Tropical Climate", "Cunninghamia", "Q", "R", "Temperature", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Nitrogen Cycle", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "Spectrometry", " Fluorescence", "Solubility", "13. Climate action", "Medicine", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Research Article"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1371%2fjournal.pone.0191403"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PLOS%20ONE", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1371%2fjournal.pone.0191403", "name": "item", "description": "10.1371%2fjournal.pone.0191403", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1371%2fjournal.pone.0191403"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-01-23T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1371/journal.pone.0032054", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-15T16:19:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-03-06", "title": "The Accumulation Of Organic Carbon In Mineral Soils By Afforestation Of Abandoned Farmland", "description": "The afforestation of abandoned farmland significantly influences soil organic carbon (OC). However, the dynamics between OC inputs after afforestation and the original OC are not well understood. To learn more about soil OC dynamics after afforestation of farmland, we measured the soil OC content in paired forest and farmland plots in Shaanxi Province, China. The forest plots had been established on farmland 18, 24, 48, 100, and 200 yr previously. The natural (13)C abundance of soil organic matter was also analyzed to distinguish between crop- and forest-derived C in the afforested soils. We observed a nonlinear accumulation of total OC in the 0-80 cm depth of the mineral soil across time. Total soil OC accumulated more rapidly under forest stands aged 18 to 48 yr than under forest stands aged 100 or 200 yrs. The rate of OC accumulation was also greater in the 0-10 cm depth than in the 10-80 cm depth. Forest-derived OC in afforested soils also accumulated nonlinearly across time, with the greatest increase in the 0-20 cm depth. Forest-derived OC in afforest soils accounted for 52-86% of the total OC in the 0-10 cm depth, 36-61% of the total OC in the 10-20 cm depth, and 11-50% of the total OC in the 20-80 cm depth. Crop-derived OC concentrations in the 0-20 cm depth decreased slightly after afforestation, but there was no change in crop-derived OC concentrations in the 20-80 cm depth. The results of our study support the claim that afforestation of farmland can sequester atmospheric CO(2) by increasing soil OC stocks. Changes in the OC stocks of mineral soils after afforestation appear to be influenced mainly by the input of forest-derived C rather than by the loss of original OC.", "keywords": ["Crops", " Agricultural", "2. Zero hunger", "China", "Minerals", "Science", "Q", "R", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Carbon", "Trees", "Soil", "Medicine", "Humans", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Organic Chemicals", "Research Article"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Xingchang Zhang, William J. Gale, Mingan Shao, Xiaorong Wei, Liping Qiu,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0032054"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PLoS%20ONE", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1371/journal.pone.0032054", "name": "item", "description": "10.1371/journal.pone.0032054", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1371/journal.pone.0032054"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-03-06T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1371/journal.pone.0034642", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-15T16:19:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-05-04", "title": "Effects Of Tillage And Nitrogen Fertilizers On Ch4 And Co2 Emissions And Soil Organic Carbon In Paddy Fields Of Central China", "description": "Quantifying carbon (C) sequestration in paddy soils is necessary to help better understand the effect of agricultural practices on the C cycle. The objective of the present study was to assess the effects of tillage practices [conventional tillage (CT) and no-tillage (NT)] and the application of nitrogen (N) fertilizer (0 and 210 kg N ha(-1)) on fluxes of CH(4) and CO(2), and soil organic C (SOC) sequestration during the 2009 and 2010 rice growing seasons in central China. Application of N fertilizer significantly increased CH(4) emissions by 13%-66% and SOC by 21%-94% irrespective of soil sampling depths, but had no effect on CO(2) emissions in either year. Tillage significantly affected CH(4) and CO(2) emissions, where NT significantly decreased CH(4) emissions by 10%-36% but increased CO(2) emissions by 22%-40% in both years. The effects of tillage on the SOC varied with the depth of soil sampling. NT significantly increased the SOC by 7%-48% in the 0-5 cm layer compared with CT. However, there was no significant difference in the SOC between NT and CT across the entire 0-20 cm layer. Hence, our results suggest that the potential of SOC sequestration in NT paddy fields may be overestimated in central China if only surface soil samples are considered.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "China", "Nitrogen", "Science", "Q", "R", "Temperature", "Agriculture", "Oryza", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "12. Responsible consumption", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "Medicine", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Organic Chemicals", "Fertilizers", "Methane", "Research Article"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Wang JinPing, Kou Zhi-Kui, Cao CouGui, Li ChengFang, Zhang Zhi-Sheng, Zhou Dan-Na, Cai MingLi,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0034642"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PLoS%20ONE", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1371/journal.pone.0034642", "name": "item", "description": "10.1371/journal.pone.0034642", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1371/journal.pone.0034642"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-05-04T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1371/journal.pone.0036434", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-15T16:19:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-05-04", "title": "Impact Of Grazing On Soil Carbon And Microbial Biomass In Typical Steppe And Desert Steppe Of Inner Mongolia", "description": "The potential of grazing lands to sequester carbon must be understood to develop effective soil conservation measures and sustain livestock production. Our objective was to evaluate the effects of grazing on soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), microbial biomass carbon (MBC) in Typical steppe and Desert steppe ecosystems, which are both important grassland resources for animal grazing and ecological conservation in China, and to derive region-specific soil C changes associated with different stocking rates (ungrazed, UG; lightly grazed, LG; moderately grazed, MG; heavily grazed, HG). This study substantiated that significant higher SOC, TN and MBC appeared with the treatment of LG in typical steppe. From 2004 to 2010, grazing treatments increased soil carbon storage in desert steppe, which was partly due to the grazing history. The higher MBC concentration and MBC/SOC suggest a great potential for carbon sequestration in the desert steppe ecosystem. The greater MBC in desert steppe than typical steppe was mainly the result of higher precipitation and temperature, instead of soil substrate. The change of MBC and the strong positive relationships between MBC and SOC indicated that MBC in the soil was a sensitive index to indicate the dynamics of soil organic carbon in both steppes in Inner Mongolia of China.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "China", "Nitrogen", "Science", "Q", "R", "Temperature", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Microbiology", "Carbon", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "Medicine", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Biomass", "Herbivory", "Desert Climate", "Organic Chemicals", "Ecosystem", "Research Article"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0036434"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PLoS%20ONE", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1371/journal.pone.0036434", "name": "item", "description": "10.1371/journal.pone.0036434", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1371/journal.pone.0036434"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-05-04T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1371/journal.pone.0053761", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-15T16:19:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-01-14", "title": "Warming Rather Than Increased Precipitation Increases Soil Recalcitrant Organic Carbon In A Semiarid Grassland After 6 Years Of Treatments", "description": "Improved understanding of changes in soil recalcitrant organic carbon (C) in response to global warming is critical for predicting changes in soil organic C (SOC) storage. Here, we took advantage of a long-term field experiment with increased temperature and precipitation to investigate the effects of warming, increased precipitation and their interactions on SOC fraction in a semiarid Inner Mongolian grassland of northern China since April 2005. We quantified labile SOC, recalcitrant SOC and stable SOC at 0-10 and 10-20 cm depths. Results showed that neither warming nor increased precipitation affected total SOC and stable SOC at either depth. Increased precipitation significantly increased labile SOC at the 0-10 cm depth. Warming decreased labile SOC (P\u200a=\u200a0.038) and marginally but significantly increased recalcitrant SOC at the 10-20 cm depth (P\u200a=\u200a0.082). In addition, there were significant interactive effects of warming and increased precipitation on labile SOC and recalcitrant SOC at the 0-10 cm depth (both P<0.05), indicating that that results from single factor experiments should be treated with caution because of multi-factor interactions. Given that the absolute increase of SOC in the recalcitrant SOC pool was much greater than the decrease in labile SOC, and that the mean residence time of recalcitrant SOC is much greater, our results suggest that soil C storage at 10-20 cm depth may increase with increasing temperature in this semiarid grassland.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Time Factors", "Nitrogen", "Science", "Rain", "Q", "R", "Temperature", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Poaceae", "Carbon", "Droughts", "Soil", "Soil biology", "13. Climate action", "Medicine", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Biomass", "Organic Chemicals", "Soil Microbiology", "Research Article"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0053761"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PLoS%20ONE", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1371/journal.pone.0053761", "name": "item", "description": "10.1371/journal.pone.0053761", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1371/journal.pone.0053761"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-01-14T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1631/jzus.b1100145", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-15T16:19:48Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-04-02", "title": "Fertilization Increases Paddy Soil Organic Carbon Density", "description": "Field experiments provide an opportunity to study the effects of fertilization on soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration. We sampled soils from a long-term (25 years) paddy experiment in subtropical China. The experiment included eight treatments: (1) check, (2) PK, (3) NP, (4) NK, (5) NPK, (6) 7F:3M (N, P, K inorganic fertilizers+30% organic N), (7) 5F:5M (N, P, K inorganic fertilizers+50% organic N), (8) 3F:7M (N, P, K inorganic fertilizers+70% organic N). Fertilization increased SOC content in the plow layers compared to the non-fertilized check treatment. The SOC density in the top 100 cm of soil ranged from 73.12 to 91.36 Mg/ha. The SOC densities of all fertilizer treatments were greater than that of the check. Those treatments that combined inorganic fertilizers and organic amendments had greater SOC densities than those receiving only inorganic fertilizers. The SOC density was closely correlated to the sum of the soil carbon converted from organic amendments and rice residues. Carbon sequestration in paddy soils could be achieved by balanced and combined fertilization. Fertilization combining both inorganic fertilizers and organic amendments is an effective sustainable practice to sequestrate SOC.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Soil", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Oryza", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Organic Chemicals", "15. Life on land", "Fertilizers", "Carbon", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Fang Fan, Yingxu Chen, Jun-nan Wan, Huo-xi Sun, Zu-zhang Li, Xinqiang Liang, Tian-fang Dai, Xiao-jun Li, Qi-xiang Luo, Shaoxian Wang,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.b1100145"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Zhejiang%20University%20SCIENCE%20B", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1631/jzus.b1100145", "name": "item", "description": "10.1631/jzus.b1100145", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1631/jzus.b1100145"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2134/jeq2005.0233", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-15T16:20:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-07-07", "description": "ABSTRACT<p>The area under no\uffe2\uff80\uff90till (NT) in Brazil reached 22 million ha in 2004\uffe2\uff80\uff932005, of which approximately 45% was located in the southern states. From the 1970s to the mid\uffe2\uff80\uff901980s, this region was a source of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere due to decrease of soil carbon (C) stocks and high consumption of fuel by intensive tillage. Since then, NT has partially restored the soil C lost and reduced the consumption of fossil fuels. To assess the potential of C accumulation in NT soils, four long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term experiments (7\uffe2\uff80\uff9319 yr) in subtropical soils (Paleudult, Paleudalf, and Hapludox) varying in soil texture (87\uffe2\uff80\uff93760 g kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921of clay) in agroecologic southern Brazil zones (central region, northwest basaltic plateau in Rio Grande Sul, and west basaltic plateau in Santa Catarina) and with different cropping systems (soybean and maize) were investigated. The lability of soil organic matter (SOM) was calculated as the ratio of total organic carbon (TOC) to particulate organic carbon (POC), and the role of physical protection on stability of SOM was evaluated. In general, TOC and POC stocks in native grass correlated closely with clay content. Conversely, there was no clear effect of soil texture on C accumulation rates in NT soils, which ranged from 0.12 to 0.59 Mg ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921The C accumulation was higher in NT than in conventional\uffe2\uff80\uff90till (CT) soils. The legume cover crops pigeon pea [Cajanus cajan(L.) Millsp] and velvet beans (Stizolobium cinereumPiper &amp; Tracy) in NT maize cropping systems had the highest C accumulation rates (0.38\uffe2\uff80\uff930.59 Mg ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921). The intensive cropping systems also were effective in increasing the C accumulation rates in NT soils (0.25\uffe2\uff80\uff930.34 Mg ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921) when compared to the double\uffe2\uff80\uff90crop system used by farmers. These results stress the role of N fixation in improving the tropical and subtropical cropping systems. The physical protection of SOM within soil aggregates was an important mechanism of C accumulation in the sandy clay loam Paleudult under NT. The cropping system and NT effects on C stocks were attributed to an increase in the lability of SOM, as evidenced by the higher POC to TOC ratio, which is very important to C and energy flux through the soil.</p>", "keywords": ["Crops", " Agricultural", "Greenhouse Effect", "2. Zero hunger", "Fossil Fuels", "Time Factors", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Zea mays", "Carbon", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Gases", "Organic Chemicals", "Brazil", "Environmental Monitoring"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Evandro Spagnollo, Paulo Cesar Concei\u00e7\u00e3o, Ben-Hur Costa de Campos, Telmo Jorge Carneiro Amado, Cim\u00e9lio Bayer, Milton da Veiga,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2005.0233"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Environmental%20Quality", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2134/jeq2005.0233", "name": "item", "description": "10.2134/jeq2005.0233", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2134/jeq2005.0233"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2134/jeq2005.0022", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-15T16:20:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-01-04", "title": "Carbon And Nitrogen Mineralization Rates After Application Of Organic Amendments To Soil", "description": "ABSTRACT<p>The objective of this study was to quantify C and N mineralization rates from a range of organic amendments that differed in their total C and N contents and C quality, to gain a better understanding of their influence on the soil N cycle. A pelletized poultry manure (PP), two green waste\uffe2\uff80\uff93based composts (GWCa, GWCb), a straw\uffe2\uff80\uff90based compost (SBC), and a vermi\uffe2\uff80\uff90cast (VER) were incubated in a coarse\uffe2\uff80\uff90textured soil at 15\uffc2\uffb0C for 142 d. The C quality of each amendment was determined by chemical analysis and by13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Carbon dioxide (CO2\uffe2\uff80\uff93C) evolution was determined using alkali traps. Gross N mineralization rates were calculated by15N isotopic pool dilution. The CO2\uffe2\uff80\uff93C evolution rates and gross N mineralization rates were generally higher in amended soils than in the control soil. With the exception of GWCb all amendments released inorganic N at concentrations that would be high enough to warrant a reduction in inorganic N fertilizer application rates. The amount of N released from PP was high indicating that application rates should be reduced, or alternative amendments used, to minimize leaching losses in regions where ground water quality is of concern. There was a highly significant relationship between CO2\uffe2\uff80\uff93C evolution and gross N mineralization (R2= 0.95). Some of the chemically determined C quality parameters had significant relationships (p&lt; 0.05) with both the cumulative amounts of C and N evolved. However, we found no significant relationships between13C NMR spectral groupings, or their ratios, and either the CO2\uffe2\uff80\uff93C evolved or gross N mineralized from the amendments.</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Soil", "Nitrogen", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Organic Chemicals", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Carbon", "Soil Microbiology", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2005.0022"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Environmental%20Quality", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2134/jeq2005.0022", "name": "item", "description": "10.2134/jeq2005.0022", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2134/jeq2005.0022"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2134/jeq2005.0131", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-15T16:20:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-07-07", "description": "ABSTRACT<p>Long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term use of conventional tillage and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)\uffe2\uff80\uff93fallow systems in the northern Great Plains have resulted in low soil organic carbon (SOC) levels. We examined the effects of two tillage practices [conventional till (CT) and no\uffe2\uff80\uff90till (NT)], five crop rotations [continuous spring wheat (CW), spring wheat\uffe2\uff80\uff93fallow (W\uffe2\uff80\uff93F), spring wheat\uffe2\uff80\uff93lentil (Lens culinaris Medic.) (W\uffe2\uff80\uff93L), spring wheat\uffe2\uff80\uff93spring wheat\uffe2\uff80\uff93fallow (W\uffe2\uff80\uff93W\uffe2\uff80\uff93F), and spring wheat\uffe2\uff80\uff93pea (Pisum sativum L.)\uffe2\uff80\uff93fallow (W\uffe2\uff80\uff93P\uffe2\uff80\uff93F)], and Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) planting on plant C input, SOC, and particulate organic carbon (POC). A field experiment was conducted in a mixture of Scobey clay loam (fine\uffe2\uff80\uff90loamy, mixed, Aridic Argiborolls) and Kevin clay loam (fine, montmorillonitic, Aridic Argiborolls) from 1998 to 2003 in Havre, MT. Total plant biomass returned to the soil from 1998 to 2003 was greater in CW (15.5 Mg ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921) than in other rotations. Residue cover, amount, and C content in 2004 were 33 to 86% greater in NT than in CT and greater in CRP than in crop rotations. Residue amount (2.47 Mg ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921) and C content (0.96 Mg ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921) were greater in NT with CW than in other treatments, except in CT with CRP and W\uffe2\uff80\uff93F and in NT with CRP and W\uffe2\uff80\uff93W\uffe2\uff80\uff93F. The SOC at the 0\uffe2\uff80\uff90 to 5\uffe2\uff80\uff90cm depth was 23% greater in NT (6.4 Mg ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921) than in CT. The POC was not influenced by tillage and crop rotation, but POC to SOC ratio at the 0\uffe2\uff80\uff90 to 20\uffe2\uff80\uff90cm depth was greater in NT with W\uffe2\uff80\uff93L (369 g kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921 SOC) than in CT with CW, W\uffe2\uff80\uff93F, and W\uffe2\uff80\uff93L. From 1998 to 2003, SOC at the 0\uffe2\uff80\uff90 to 20\uffe2\uff80\uff90cm depth decreased by 4% in CT but increased by 3% in NT. Carbon can be sequestered in dryland soils and plant residue in areas previously under CRP using reduced tillage and increased cropping intensity, such as NT with CW, compared with traditional practice, such as CT with W\uffe2\uff80\uff93F system, and the content can be similar to that in CRP planting.</p>", "keywords": ["Crops", " Agricultural", "2. Zero hunger", "Conservation of Natural Resources", "Time Factors", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Carbon", "6. Clean water", "Soil", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Seasons", "Organic Chemicals", "Environmental Monitoring"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Thecan Caesar-Thonthat, Andrew W. Lenssen, Upendra M. Sainju, Jed Waddell,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2005.0131"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Environmental%20Quality", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2134/jeq2005.0131", "name": "item", "description": "10.2134/jeq2005.0131", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2134/jeq2005.0131"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2134/jeq2005.0156", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-15T16:20:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-07-07", "title": "Soil Organic Carbon And Nitrogen Accumulation In Plots Of Rhizoma Perennial Peanut And Bahiagrass Grown In Elevated Carbon Dioxide And Temperature", "description": "ABSTRACT<p>Carbon sequestration in soils might mitigate the increase of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere. Two contrasting subtropical perennial forage species, bahiagrass (BG; Paspalum notatum Fl\uffc3\uffbcgge; C4), and rhizoma perennial peanut (PP; Arachis glabrata Benth.; C3 legume), were grown at Gainesville, Florida, in field soil plots in four temperature zones of four temperature\uffe2\uff80\uff90gradient greenhouses, two each at CO2 concentrations of 360 and 700 \uffce\uffbcmol mol\uffe2\uff88\uff921 The site had been cultivated with annual crops for more than 20 yr. Herbage was harvested three to four times each year. Soil samples from the top 20 cm were collected in February 1995, before plant establishment, and in December 2000 at the end of the project. Overall mean soil organic carbon (SOC) gains across 6 yr were 1.396 and 0.746 g kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921 in BG and PP, respectively, indicating that BG plots accumulated more SOC than PP. Mean SOC gains in BG plots at 700 and 360 \uffce\uffbcmol mol\uffe2\uff88\uff921 CO2 were 1.450 and 1.343 g kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921, respectively (not statistically different). Mean SOC gains in PP plots at 700 and 360 \uffce\uffbcmol mol\uffe2\uff88\uff921 CO2 were 0.949 and 0.544 g kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921, respectively, an increase caused by elevated CO2 Relative SON accumulations were similar to SOC increases. Overall mean annual SOC accumulation, pooled for forages and CO2 treatments, was 540 kg ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921 Eliminating elevated CO2 effects, overall mean SOC accumulation was 475 kg ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921 Conversion from cropland to forages was a greater factor in SOC accumulation than the CO2 fertilization effect.</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Conservation of Natural Resources", "Time Factors", "Arachis", "Atmosphere", "Nitrogen", "Temperature", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "Carbon", "6. Clean water", "Soil", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Paspalum", "Organic Chemicals"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2005.0156"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Environmental%20Quality", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2134/jeq2005.0156", "name": "item", "description": "10.2134/jeq2005.0156", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2134/jeq2005.0156"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2134/jeq2005.0201", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-15T16:20:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-07-07", "title": "Long-Term Cropping System Effects On Carbon Sequestration In Eastern Oregon", "description": "ABSTRACT<p>Soil organic carbon (SOC) has beneficial effects on soil quality and productivity. Cropping systems that maintain and/or improve levels of SOC may lead to sustainable crop production. This study evaluated the effects of long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term cropping systems on C sequestration. Soil samples were taken at 0\uffe2\uff80\uff90 to 10\uffe2\uff80\uff90, 10\uffe2\uff80\uff90 to 20\uffe2\uff80\uff90, 20\uffe2\uff80\uff90 to 30\uffe2\uff80\uff90, and 30\uffe2\uff80\uff90 to 40\uffe2\uff80\uff90cm soil depth profiles from grass pasture (GP), conventional tillage (CT) winter wheat (Triticum aestivumL.)\uffe2\uff80\uff93fallow (CTWF), and fertilized and unfertilized plots of continuous winter wheat (WW), spring wheat (SW), and spring barley (Hordeum vulgareL.) (SB) monocultures under CT and no\uffe2\uff80\uff90till (NT). The samples were analyzed for soil organic matter (SOM) and SOC was derived. Ages of experiments ranged from 6 to 73 yr. Compared to 1931 SOC levels (initial year), CTWF reduced SOC by 9 to 12 Mg ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921in the 0\uffe2\uff80\uff90 to 30\uffe2\uff80\uff90cm zone. Grass pasture increased SOC by 6 Mg ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921in the 0\uffe2\uff80\uff90 to 10\uffe2\uff80\uff90cm zone but decreased SOC by 3 Mg ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921in the 20\uffe2\uff80\uff90 to 30\uffe2\uff80\uff90cm zone. Continuous CT monocultures depleted SOC in the top 0\uffe2\uff80\uff90 to 10\uffe2\uff80\uff90cm zone and the bottom 20\uffe2\uff80\uff90 to 40\uffe2\uff80\uff90cm zone but maintained SOC levels close to 1931 SOC levels in the 10\uffe2\uff80\uff90 to 20\uffe2\uff80\uff90cm layer. Continuous NT monocultures accumulated more SOC in the 0\uffe2\uff80\uff90 to 10\uffe2\uff80\uff90cm zone than in deeper zones. Total SOC (0\uffe2\uff80\uff90 to 40\uffe2\uff80\uff90cm zone) was highest under GP and continuous cropping and lowest under CTWF. Fertilizer increased total SOC only under CTWW and CTSB by 13 and 7 Mg ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921in 13 yr, respectively. Practicing NT for only 6 yr had started to reverse the effect of 73 yr of CTWF. Compared to CTWF, NTWW and NTSW sequestered C at rates of 2.6 and 1.7 Mg ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921, respectively, in the 0\uffe2\uff80\uff90 to 40\uffe2\uff80\uff90cm zone. This study showed that the potential to sequester C can be enhanced by increasing cropping frequency and eliminating tillage.</p>", "keywords": ["Crops", " Agricultural", "2. Zero hunger", "Conservation of Natural Resources", "Geography", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Carbon", "Oregon", "Soil", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Biomass", "Organic Chemicals", "Fertilizers", "Environmental Monitoring"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Karl Rhinhart, Steve Petrie, Stephen Machado,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2005.0201"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Environmental%20Quality", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2134/jeq2005.0201", "name": "item", "description": "10.2134/jeq2005.0201", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2134/jeq2005.0201"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2134/jeq2005.0232", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-15T16:20:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-07-07", "description": "ABSTRACT<p>The impact of management on global warming potential (GWP), crop production, and greenhouse gas intensity (GHGI) in irrigated agriculture is not well documented. A no\uffe2\uff80\uff90till (NT) cropping systems study initiated in 1999 to evaluate soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration potential in irrigated agriculture was used in this study to make trace gas flux measurements for 3 yr to facilitate a complete greenhouse gas accounting of GWP and GHGI. Fluxes of CO2, CH4, and N2O were measured using static, vented chambers, one to three times per week, year round, from April 2002 through October 2004 within conventional\uffe2\uff80\uff90till continuous corn (CT\uffe2\uff80\uff90CC) and NT continuous corn (NT\uffe2\uff80\uff90CC) plots and in NT corn\uffe2\uff80\uff93soybean rotation (NT\uffe2\uff80\uff90CB) plots. Nitrogen fertilizer rates ranged from 0 to 224 kg N ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 Methane fluxes were small and did not differ between tillage systems. Nitrous oxide fluxes increased linearly with increasing N fertilizer rate each year, but emission rates varied with years. Carbon dioxide efflux was higher in CT compared to NT in 2002 but was not different by tillage in 2003 or 2004. Based on soil respiration and residue C inputs, NT soils were net sinks of GWP when adequate fertilizer was added to maintain crop production. The CT soils were smaller net sinks for GWP than NT soils. The determinant for the net GWP relationship was a balance between soil respiration and N2O emissions. Based on soil C sequestration, only NT soils were net sinks for GWP. Both estimates of GWP and GHGI indicate that when appropriate crop production levels are achieved, net CO2 emissions are reduced. The results suggest that economic viability and environmental conservation can be achieved by minimizing tillage and utilizing appropriate levels of fertilizer.</p>", "keywords": ["Crops", " Agricultural", "Greenhouse Effect", "2. Zero hunger", "Colorado", "Time Factors", "550", "Glycine max", "Nitrogen", "Nitrous Oxide", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "Zea mays", "630", "Carbon", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Gases", "Organic Chemicals", "Agricultural Science", "Fertilizers", "Environmental Monitoring"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Mosier, Arvin R., Halvorson, Ardell D., Reule, Curtis A., Liu, Xuejun J.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2005.0232"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Environmental%20Quality", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2134/jeq2005.0232", "name": "item", "description": "10.2134/jeq2005.0232", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2134/jeq2005.0232"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2134/jeq2005.0189", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-15T16:20:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-07-07", "description": "ABSTRACT<p>Soil carbon (C) sequestration in tilled and nontilled areas can be influenced by crop management practices due to differences in plant C inputs and their rate of mineralization. We examined the influence of four cover crops {legume [hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth)], nonlegume [rye (Secale cereale L.)], biculture of legume and nonlegume (vetch and rye), and no cover crops (or winter weeds)} and three nitrogen (N) fertilization rates (0, 60 to 65, and 120 to 130 kg N ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921) on C inputs from cover crops, cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), and sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench)], and soil organic carbon (SOC) at the 0\uffe2\uff80\uff90 to 120\uffe2\uff80\uff90cm depth in tilled and nontilled areas. A field experiment was conducted on Dothan sandy loam (fine\uffe2\uff80\uff90loamy, siliceous, thermic Plinthic Paleudults) from 1999 to 2002 in central Georgia. Total C inputs to the soil from cover crops, cotton, and sorghum from 2000 to 2002 ranged from 6.8 to 22.8 Mg ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 The SOC at 0 to 10 cm fluctuated with C input from October 1999 to November 2002 and was greater from cover crops than from weeds in no\uffe2\uff80\uff90tilled plots. In contrast, SOC values at 10 to 30 cm in no\uffe2\uff80\uff90tilled and at 0 to 60 cm in chisel\uffe2\uff80\uff90tilled plots were greater for biculture than for weeds. As a result, C at 0 to 30 cm was sequestered at rates of 267, 33, \uffe2\uff88\uff92133, and \uffe2\uff88\uff92967 kg C ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921 for biculture, rye, vetch, and weeds, respectively, in the no\uffe2\uff80\uff90tilled plot. In strip\uffe2\uff80\uff90tilled and chisel\uffe2\uff80\uff90tilled plots, SOC at 0 to 30 cm decreased at rates of 233 to 1233 kg C ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921 The SOC at 0 to 30 cm increased more in cover crops with 120 to 130 kg N ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921 than in weeds with 0 kg N ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921, regardless of tillage. In the subtropical humid region of the southeastern United States, cover crops and N fertilization can increase the amount of C input and storage in tilled and nontilled soils, and hairy vetch and rye biculture was more effective in sequestering C than monocultures or no cover crop.</p>", "keywords": ["Crops", " Agricultural", "2. Zero hunger", "Georgia", "Time Factors", "Nitrogen", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Carbon", "Soil", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Organic Chemicals", "Fertilizers", "Environmental Monitoring"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Shirley Wang, Upendra M. Sainju, Bharat P. Singh, Wayne F. Whitehead,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2005.0189"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Environmental%20Quality", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2134/jeq2005.0189", "name": "item", "description": "10.2134/jeq2005.0189", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2134/jeq2005.0189"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2134/jeq2005.0225", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-15T16:20:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-07-07", "description": "ABSTRACT<p>This work builds on a previous study of long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term tillage trials that found use of no\uffe2\uff80\uff90tillage (NT) practices increased soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration at Monmouth, IL (silt loam soil) by increasing the soil's protective capacity, but did not alter SOC storage in DeKalb, IL (silty clay loam), where higher clay contents provided a protective capacity not affected by tillage. The least limiting water range (LLWR), a multi\uffe2\uff80\uff90factor index of structural quality, predicted observed soil CO2 efflux patterns. Here we consider whether LLWR can predict sequestration trends at a third site, Perry, IL (silt loam soil) where SOC content is lower and bulk density is higher than in previously considered sites, and determine whether pore size characteristics can help explain the influence use of NT practices has had on SOC sequestration at all three locations. At Perry, LLWR was again related with differences in specific soil organic carbon mineralization rates (RESPsp) (2000\uffe2\uff80\uff932001). Reduced RESPsp rates explain increases in SOC storage under NT management observed only after 17 yr. Trends in RESPsp suggest use of NT practices only enhance physical protection of SOC where soil bulk density is relatively high (approximately 1.4 g cm\uffe2\uff88\uff923). In those soils (Monmouth and Perry), use of NT management reduced the volume of small macropores (15\uffe2\uff80\uff93150 \uffce\uffbcm) thought to be important for microbial activity. Physical properties appear to determine whether or not use of NT practices will enhance C storage by increasing physical protection of SOC. By refining the functions used to compute the LLWR and our understanding of the interactions between management, pore structure, and SOC mineralization, we should be able to predict the influence of tillage practices on SOC sequestration.</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Conservation of Natural Resources", "Time Factors", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "Carbon", "6. Clean water", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Illinois", "Organic Chemicals", "Environmental Monitoring"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Michelle M. Wander, Gayoung Yoo, Todd M. Nissen,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2005.0225"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Environmental%20Quality", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2134/jeq2005.0225", "name": "item", "description": "10.2134/jeq2005.0225", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2134/jeq2005.0225"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2134/jeq2005.0470", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-15T16:20:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-07-07", "title": "Soil Microbial Communities And Enzyme Activities Under Various Poultry Litter Application Rates", "description": "ABSTRACT<p>The potential excessive nutrient and/or microbial loading from mismanaged land application of organic fertilizers is forcing changes in animal waste management. Currently, it is not clear to what extent different rates of poultry litter impact soil microbial communities, which control nutrient availability, organic matter quality and quantity, and soil degradation potential. From 2002 to 2004, we investigated the microbial community and several enzyme activities in a Vertisol soil (fine, smectitic, thermic, Udic Haplustert) at 0 to 15 cm as affected by different rates of poultry litter application to pasture (0, 6.7, and 13.4 Mg ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921) and cultivated sites (0, 4.5, 6.7, 9.0, 11.2, and 13.4 Mg ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921) in Texas, USA. No differences in soil pH (average: 7.9), total N (pasture: 2.01\uffe2\uff80\uff933.53, cultivated: 1.09\uffe2\uff80\uff931.98 g kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921 soil) or organic C (pasture average: 25\uffe2\uff80\uff9326.7, cultivated average: 13.9\uffe2\uff80\uff9316.1 g kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921 soil) were observed following the first four years of litter application. Microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and nitrogen (MBN) increased at litter rates greater than 6.7 Mg ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 (pasture: MBC = &gt;863, MBN = &gt;88 mg kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921 soil) compared to sites with no applied litter (MBC = 722, MBN = 69 mg kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921 soil). Enzyme activities of C (\uffce\uffb2\uffe2\uff80\uff90glucosidase, \uffce\uffb1\uffe2\uff80\uff90galactosidase, \uffce\uffb2\uffe2\uff80\uff90glucosaminidase) or N cycling (\uffce\uffb2\uffe2\uff80\uff90glucosaminidase) were increased at litter rates greater than 6.7 Mg ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 Enzyme activities of P (alkaline phosphatase) and S (arylsulfatase) mineralization showed the same response in pasture, but they were only increased at the highest (9.0, 11.2, and 13.4 Mg ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921) litter application rates in cultivated sites. According to fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) analysis, the pasture soils experienced shifts to higher bacterial populations at litter rates of 6.7 Mg ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921, and shifts to higher fungal populations at the highest litter application rates in cultivated sites. While rates greater than 6.7 Mg ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 provided rapid enhancement of the soil microbial populations and enzymatic activities, they result in P application in excess of crop needs. Thus, studies will continue to investigate whether litter application at rates below 6.7 Mg ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921, previously recommended to maintain water quality, will result in similar improved soil microbial and biochemical functioning with continued annual litter application.</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Time Factors", "Nitrogen", "Phosphorus", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Hydrogen-Ion Concentration", "15. Life on land", "Alkaline Phosphatase", "Carbon", "Poultry", "6. Clean water", "Manure", "Hexosaminidases", "Animals", "Soil Pollutants", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Biomass", "Organic Chemicals", "Soil Microbiology", "Sulfur", "Arylsulfatases"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2005.0470"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Environmental%20Quality", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2134/jeq2005.0470", "name": "item", "description": "10.2134/jeq2005.0470", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2134/jeq2005.0470"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2134/jeq2011.0064", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-15T16:20:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-12-05", "title": "Role of Nitrogen Fertilization in Sustaining Organic Matter in Cultivated Soils", "description": "<p>Soil organic matter (SOM) is essential for sustaining food production and maintaining ecosystem services and is a vital resource base for storing C and N. The impact of long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term use of synthetic fertilizer N on SOM, however, has been questioned recently. Here we tested the hypothesis that long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term application of N results in a decrease in SOM. We used data from 135 studies of 114 long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term experiments located at 100 sites throughout the world over time scales of decades under a range of land\uffe2\uff80\uff90management and climate regimes to quantify changes in soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil organic nitrogen (SON). Published data of a total of 917 and 580 observations for SOC and SON, respectively, from control (unfertilized or zero N) and N\uffe2\uff80\uff90fertilized treatments (synthetic, organic, and combination) were analyzed using the SAS mixed model and by meta\uffe2\uff80\uff90analysis. Results demonstrate declines of 7 to 16% in SOC and 7 to 11% in SON with no N amendments. In soils receiving synthetic fertilizer N, the rate of SOM loss decreased. The time\uffe2\uff80\uff90fertilizer response ratio, which is based on changes in the paired comparisons, showed average increases of 8 and 12% for SOC and SON, respectively, following the application of synthetic fertilizer N. Addition of organic matter (i.e., manure) increased SOM, on average, by 37%. When cropping systems fluctuated between flooding and drying, SOM decreased more than in continuous dryland or flooded systems. Flooded rice (Oryza sativa L.) soils show net accumulations of SOC and SON. This work shows a general decline in SOM for all long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term sites, with and without synthetic fertilizer N. However, our analysis also demonstrates that in addition to its role in improving crop productivity, synthetic fertilizer N significantly reduces the rate at which SOM is declining in agricultural soils, worldwide.</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Nitrogen", "Climate", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Carbon", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Organic Chemicals", "Fertilizers"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2011.0064"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Environmental%20Quality", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2134/jeq2011.0064", "name": "item", "description": "10.2134/jeq2011.0064", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2134/jeq2011.0064"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/w11020215", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-15T16:21:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-01-29", "title": "A Water Quality Appraisal of Some Existing and Potential Riverbank Filtration Sites in India", "description": "<p>There is a nationwide need among policy and decision makers and drinking water supply engineers in India to obtain an initial assessment of water quality parameters for the selection and subsequent development of new riverbank filtration (RBF) sites. Consequently, a snapshot screening of organic and inorganic water quality parameters, including major ions, inorganic trace elements, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and 49 mainly polar organic micropollutants (OMPs) was conducted at 21 different locations across India during the monsoon in June\uffe2\uff80\uff93July 2013 and the dry non-monsoon period in May\uffe2\uff80\uff93June 2014. At most existing RBF sites in Uttarakhand, Jammu, Jharkhand, Andhra Pradesh, and Bihar, surface and RBF water quality was generally good with respect to most inorganic parameters and organic parameters when compared to Indian and World Health Organization drinking water standards. Although the surface water quality of the Yamuna River in and downstream of Delhi was poor, removals of DOC and OMPs of 50% and 13%\uffe2\uff80\uff9399%, respectively, were observed by RBF, thereby rendering it a vital pre-treatment step for drinking water production. The data provided a forecast of the water quality for subsequent investigations, expected environmental and human health risks, and the planning of new RBF systems in India.</p>", "keywords": ["Ganga", "organic micropollutants", "13. Climate action", "inorganic chemicals", "14. Life underwater", "Yamuna", "drinking water treatment", "bank filtration", "Damodar", "6. Clean water", "3. Good health"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/11/2/215/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/w11020215"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Water", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/w11020215", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/w11020215", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/w11020215"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-01-28T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10261/269611", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-15T16:24:21Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-03-17", "title": "The influence of pH on dissolved organic matter fluorescence in inland waters", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Fluorescence is an easily available analytical technique used to assess the optical characteristics of dissolved organic matter (DOM).</p></article>", "keywords": ["[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean", "570", "Atmosphere", "[SDU.OCEAN] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean", " Atmosphere", "Hydrogen-Ion Concentration", "Milj\u00f6vetenskap", "Dissolved Organic Matter", "01 natural sciences", "[SDU.ENVI] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", " environment", "6. Clean water", "Lakes", "13. Climate action", "14. Life underwater", "[SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", "Organic Chemicals", "environment", "Environmental Sciences", "Humic Substances", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2022/AY/D1AY01702K"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10261/269611"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Analytical%20Methods", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10261/269611", "name": "item", "description": "10261/269611", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10261/269611"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "11390/1262946", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-15T16:24:41Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-09-21", "title": "Restricted O2 consumption in pea roots induced by hexanoic acid is linked to depletion of Krebs cycle substrates", "description": "Abstract<p>Plant roots are exposed to hypoxia in waterlogged soils, and they are further challenged by specific phytotoxins produced by microorganisms in such conditions. One such toxin is hexanoic acid (HxA), which, at toxic levels, causes a strong decline in root O2 consumption. However, the mechanism underlying this process is still unknown. We treated pea (Pisum sativum L.) roots with 20\uffe2\uff80\uff89mM HxA at pH\uffe2\uff80\uff895.0 and 6.0 for a short time (1\uffe2\uff80\uff89h) and measured leakage of key electrolytes such as metal cations, malate, citrate and nonstructural carbohydrates (NSC). After treatment, mitochondria were isolated to assess their functionality evaluated as electrical potential and O2 consumption rate. HxA treatment resulted in root tissue extrusion of K+, malate, citrate and NSC, but only the leakage of the organic acids and NSC increased at pH\uffe2\uff80\uff895.0, concomitantly with the inhibition of O2 consumption. The activity of mitochondria isolated from treated roots was almost unaffected, showing just a slight decrease in oxygen consumption after treatment at pH\uffe2\uff80\uff895.0. Similar results were obtained by treating the pea roots with another organic acid with a short carbon chain, that is, butyric acid. Based on these results, we propose a model in which HxA, in its undissociated form prevalent at acidic pH, stimulates the efflux of citrate, malate and NSC, which would, in turn, cause starvation of mitochondrial respiratory substrates of the Krebs cycle and a consequent decline in O2 consumption. Cation extrusion would be a compensatory mechanism in order to restore plasma membrane potential.</p", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Citric Acid Cycle", "Malates", "Citrates", "Organic Chemicals", "Caproates", "Plant Roots", "6. Clean water", "Pisum sativum", "Citric Acid", "3. Good health"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://air.unimi.it/bitstream/2434/1004008/2/49-Casolo%282023%29Pea-roots-HxA.pdf"}, {"href": "https://air.uniud.it/bitstream/11390/1262946/1/Physiologia%20Plantarum%20-%202023%20-%20Casolo%20-%20Restricted%20O2%20consumption%20in%20pea%20roots%20induced%20by%20hexanoic%20acid%20is%20linked%20to%20%281%29.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/11390/1262946"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Physiologia%20Plantarum", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "11390/1262946", "name": "item", "description": "11390/1262946", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/11390/1262946"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2738852385", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-15T16:25:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-07-18", "title": "Response of soil dissolved organic matter to microplastic addition in Chinese loess soil", "description": "Plastic debris is accumulating in agricultural land due to the increased use of plastic mulches, which is causing serious environmental problems, especially for biochemical and physical properties of the soil. Dissolved organic matter (DOM) plays a central role in driving soil biogeochemistry, but little information is available on the effects of plastic residues, especially microplastic, on soil DOM. We conducted a soil-incubation experiment in a climate-controlled chamber with three levels of microplastic added to loess soil collected from the Loess Plateau in China: 0% (control, CK), 7% (M1) and 28% (M2) (w/w). We analysed the soil contents of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), dissolved organic nitrogen (DON), NH4+, NO3-, dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP), and PO43- and the activities of fluorescein diacetate hydrolase (FDAse) and phenol oxidase. The higher level of microplastic addition significantly increased the nutrient contents of the DOM solution. The lower level of addition had no significant effect on the DOM solution during the first seven days, but the rate of DOM decomposition decreased in M1 between days 7 and 30, which increased the nutrient contents. The microplastic facilitated the accumulation of high-molecular-weight humic-like material between days 7 and 30. The DOM solutions were mainly comprised of high-molecular-weight humic-like material in CK and M1 and of high-molecular-weight humic-like material and tyrosine-like material in M2. The Microplastic stimulated the activities of both enzymes. Microplastic addition thus stimulated enzymatic activity, activated pools of organic C, N, and P, and was beneficial for the accumulation of dissolved organic C, N and P.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "China", "Nitrogen", "Microplastic", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Excitation-emission matrix (EEM)", "Agriculture", "Phosphorus", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Carbon", "6. Clean water", "Soil", "Dissolved organic carbon (DOC)", "Dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP)", "Models", " Chemical", "13. Climate action", "Dissolved organic nitrogen (DON)", "Organic Chemicals", "Plastics", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/2738852385"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Chemosphere", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2738852385", "name": "item", "description": "2738852385", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2738852385"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "28747000", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-15T16:25:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-07-18", "title": "Response of soil dissolved organic matter to microplastic addition in Chinese loess soil", "description": "Plastic debris is accumulating in agricultural land due to the increased use of plastic mulches, which is causing serious environmental problems, especially for biochemical and physical properties of the soil. Dissolved organic matter (DOM) plays a central role in driving soil biogeochemistry, but little information is available on the effects of plastic residues, especially microplastic, on soil DOM. We conducted a soil-incubation experiment in a climate-controlled chamber with three levels of microplastic added to loess soil collected from the Loess Plateau in China: 0% (control, CK), 7% (M1) and 28% (M2) (w/w). We analysed the soil contents of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), dissolved organic nitrogen (DON), NH4+, NO3-, dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP), and PO43- and the activities of fluorescein diacetate hydrolase (FDAse) and phenol oxidase. The higher level of microplastic addition significantly increased the nutrient contents of the DOM solution. The lower level of addition had no significant effect on the DOM solution during the first seven days, but the rate of DOM decomposition decreased in M1 between days 7 and 30, which increased the nutrient contents. The microplastic facilitated the accumulation of high-molecular-weight humic-like material between days 7 and 30. The DOM solutions were mainly comprised of high-molecular-weight humic-like material in CK and M1 and of high-molecular-weight humic-like material and tyrosine-like material in M2. The Microplastic stimulated the activities of both enzymes. Microplastic addition thus stimulated enzymatic activity, activated pools of organic C, N, and P, and was beneficial for the accumulation of dissolved organic C, N and P.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "China", "Nitrogen", "Microplastic", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Excitation-emission matrix (EEM)", "Agriculture", "Phosphorus", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Carbon", "6. Clean water", "Soil", "Dissolved organic carbon (DOC)", "Dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP)", "Models", " Chemical", "13. Climate action", "Dissolved organic nitrogen (DON)", "Organic Chemicals", "Plastics", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/28747000"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Chemosphere", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "28747000", "name": "item", "description": "28747000", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/28747000"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "35298579", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-15T16:26:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-03-17", "title": "The influence of pH on dissolved organic matter fluorescence in inland waters", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Fluorescence is an easily available analytical technique used to assess the optical characteristics of dissolved organic matter (DOM).</p></article>", "keywords": ["[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean", "570", "Atmosphere", "[SDU.OCEAN] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean", " Atmosphere", "Hydrogen-Ion Concentration", "Milj\u00f6vetenskap", "Dissolved Organic Matter", "01 natural sciences", "[SDU.ENVI] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", " environment", "6. Clean water", "Lakes", "13. Climate action", "14. Life underwater", "[SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", "Organic Chemicals", "environment", "Environmental Sciences", "Humic Substances", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2022/AY/D1AY01702K"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/35298579"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Analytical%20Methods", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "35298579", "name": "item", "description": "35298579", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/35298579"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Organic+Chemicals&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Organic+Chemicals&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "first", "title": "items (first)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Organic+Chemicals&", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "last", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (last)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Organic+Chemicals&offset=40", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 40, "numberReturned": 40, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-04-16T10:38:55.227779Z"}