{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1007/s00442-005-0249-3", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:14:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-10-04", "title": "Fungal Community Composition And Metabolism Under Elevated Co2 And O-3", "description": "Atmospheric CO(2) and O(3) concentrations are increasing due to human activity and both trace gases have the potential to alter C cycling in forest ecosystems. Because soil microorganisms depend on plant litter as a source of energy for metabolism, changes in the amount or the biochemistry of plant litter produced under elevated CO(2) and O(3) could alter microbial community function and composition. Previously, we have observed that elevated CO(2) increased the microbial metabolism of cellulose and chitin, whereas elevated O(3) dampened this response. We hypothesized that this change in metabolism under CO(2) and O(3) enrichment would be accompanied by a concomitant change in fungal community composition. We tested our hypothesis at the free-air CO(2) and O(3) enrichment (FACE) experiment at Rhinelander, Wisconsin, in which Populus tremuloides, Betula papyrifera, and Acer saccharum were grown under factorial CO(2) and O(3) treatments. We employed extracellular enzyme analysis to assay microbial metabolism, phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis to determine changes in microbial community composition, and polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) to analyze the fungal community composition. The activities of 1,4-beta-glucosidase (+37%) and 1,4,-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase (+84%) were significantly increased under elevated CO(2), whereas 1,4-beta-glucosidase activity (-25%) was significantly suppressed by elevated O(3). There was no significant main effect of elevated CO(2) or O(3) on fungal relative abundance, as measured by PLFA. We identified 39 fungal taxonomic units from soil using DGGE, and found that O(3) enrichment significantly altered fungal community composition. We conclude that fungal metabolism is altered under elevated CO(2) and O(3), and that there was a concomitant change in fungal community composition under elevated O(3). Thus, changes in plant inputs to soil under elevated CO(2) and O(3) can propagate through the microbial food web to alter the cycling of C in soil.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Food Chain", "Extracellular Enzymes", "Science", "Ecology and Evolutionary Biology", "Polymerase Chain Reaction\u2013Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis", "Polymerase Chain Reaction", "01 natural sciences", "Soil Microbial Community", "Soil", "Ozone", "Health Sciences", "Acetylglucosaminidase", "Cellular and Developmental Biology", "Ecosystem", "Soil Microbiology", "beta-Glucosidase", "Fatty Acids", "Fungi", "Natural Resources and Environment", "Molecular", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "Fungal Metabolism", "Carbon", "Free-air CO 2 and O 3 Enrichment", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Extracellular Space"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-005-0249-3"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Oecologia", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00442-005-0249-3", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00442-005-0249-3", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00442-005-0249-3"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-10-05T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00442-006-0381-8", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:14:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-02-17", "description": "The aspen free-air CO2 and O3 enrichment (FACTS II-FACE) study in Rhinelander, Wisconsin, USA, is designed to understand the mechanisms by which young northern deciduous forest ecosystems respond to elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) and elevated tropospheric ozone (O3) in a replicated, factorial, field experiment. Soil respiration is the second largest flux of carbon (C) in these ecosystems, and the objective of this study was to understand how soil respiration responded to the experimental treatments as these fast-growing stands of pure aspen and birch + aspen approached maximum leaf area. Rates of soil respiration were typically lowest in the elevated O3 treatment. Elevated CO2 significantly stimulated soil respiration (8-26%) compared to the control treatment in both community types over all three growing seasons. In years 6-7 of the experiment, the greatest rates of soil respiration occurred in the interaction treatment (CO2 + O3), and rates of soil respiration were 15-25% greater in this treatment than in the elevated CO2 treatment, depending on year and community type. Two of the treatments, elevated CO2 and elevated CO2 + O3, were fumigated with 13C-depleted CO2, and in these two treatments we used standard isotope mixing models to understand the proportions of new and old C in soil respiration. During the peak of the growing season, C fixed since the initiation of the experiment in 1998 (new C) accounted for 60-80% of total soil respiration. The isotope measurements independently confirmed that more new C was respired from the interaction treatment compared to the elevated CO2 treatment. A period of low soil moisture late in the 2003 growing season resulted in soil respiration with an isotopic signature 4-6 per thousand enriched in 13C compared to sample dates when the percentage soil moisture was higher. In 2004, an extended period of low soil moisture during August and early September, punctuated by a significant rainfall event, resulted in soil respiration that was temporarily 4-6 per thousand more depleted in 13C. Up to 50% of the Earth's forests will see elevated concentrations of both CO2 and O3 in the coming decades and these interacting atmospheric trace gases stimulated soil respiration in this study.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Science", "Ecology and Evolutionary Biology", "Cell Respiration", "Acer", "Carbon Cycling", "Plant Roots", "01 natural sciences", "Trees", "Soil", "Ozone", "Stable Isotope", "Air Pollution", "Health Sciences", "\u03b4 13 C", "Global Change", "Cellular and Developmental Biology", "Betula", "Ecosystem", "Soil Microbiology", "Carbon Isotopes", "Atmosphere", "Natural Resources and Environment", "Molecular", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "Populus", "13. Climate action"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-006-0381-8"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Oecologia", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00442-006-0381-8", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00442-006-0381-8", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00442-006-0381-8"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-02-18T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s004420100656", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:14:38Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-02-13", "title": "Fine-Root Biomass And Fluxes Of Soil Carbon In Young Stands Of Paper Birch And Trembling Aspen As Affected By Elevated Atmospheric Co2 And Tropospheric O3", "description": "Rising atmospheric CO2 may stimulate future forest productivity, possibly increasing carbon storage in terrestrial ecosystems, but how tropospheric ozone will modify this response is unknown. Because of the importance of fine roots to the belowground C cycle, we monitored fine-root biomass and associated C fluxes in regenerating stands of trembling aspen, and mixed stands of trembling aspen and paper birch at FACTS-II, the Aspen FACE project in Rhinelander, Wisconsin. Free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) was used to elevate concentrations of CO2 (average enrichment concentration 535\u00a0\u00b5l l-1) and O3 (53\u00a0nl l-1) in developing forest stands in 1998 and 1999. Soil respiration, soil pCO2, and dissolved organic carbon in soil solution (DOC) were monitored biweekly. Soil respiration was measured with a portable infrared gas analyzer. Soil pCO2 and DOC samples were collected from soil gas wells and tension lysimeters, respectively, at depths of 15, 30, and 125\u00a0cm. Fine-root biomass averaged 263\u00a0g m-2 in control plots and increased 96% under elevated CO2. The increased root biomass was accompanied by a 39% increase in soil respiration and a 27% increase in soil pCO2. Both soil respiration and pCO2 exhibited a strong seasonal signal, which was positively correlated with soil temperature. DOC concentrations in soil solution averaged ~12\u00a0mg l-1 in surface horizons, declined with depth, and were little affected by the treatments. A simplified belowground C budget for the site indicated that native soil organic matter still dominated the system, and that soil respiration was by far the largest flux. Ozone decreased the above responses to elevated CO2, but effects were rarely statistically significant. We conclude that regenerating stands of northern hardwoods have the potential for substantially greater C input to soil due to greater fine-root production under elevated CO2. Greater fine-root biomass will be accompanied by greater soil C efflux as soil respiration, but leaching losses of C will probably be unaffected.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Ecology and Evolutionary Biology", "Aspen-FACE-project", "root-", "USA-", "pollutants-", "Environmental-Sciences)", "tropospheric-ozone", "forest-productivity", "01 natural sciences", "biomass-", "northern-forests", "124-38-9: CARBON DIOXIDE", "soil-carbon-flux", "terrestrial-ecosystems", "populus-tremuloides", "Cellular and Developmental Biology", "soil-carbon", "7440-44-0: CARBON", "carbon-", "fine-root", "Bioenergetics- (Biochemistry-and-Molecular-Biophysics)", "Natural Resources and Environment", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "GLOBAL-ECOLOGY", "North-America", "Nearctic-region)", "Rhinelander- (Wisconsin-", "carbon-sequestration", "atmosphere-", "biomass-production", "dissolved-organic-carbon [DOC-]", "Science", "respiration-", "carbon-dioxide-enrichment", "forest-plantations", "carbon-dioxide", "carbon-storage", "fine-root-biomass", "belowground-biomass", "United-States-Wisconsin-Rhinelander", "carbon-cycle", "Health Sciences", "ozone-", "soil-respiration", "air-pollution", "global-change", "atmospheric-carbon-dioxide", "biomass", "Molecular", "15. Life on land", "ozone", "13. Climate action", "roots-", "Legacy", "Terrestrial-Ecology (Ecology-", "free-air-carbon-dioxide-enrichment [FREE-]: experimental-method", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Northern Forests Global Change Carbon Sequestration Soil Respiration Dissolved Organic Carbon Soil PCO2"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s004420100656"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Oecologia", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s004420100656", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s004420100656", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s004420100656"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2001-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146049", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-03-13", "title": "Intensification of peroxone production through the paired generation of hydrogen peroxide and ozone in a continuous flow electrochemical reactor", "description": "The paired electrochemical production of ozone and hydrogen peroxide is evaluated in a novel 3-D printed electrochemical cell in which the oxidants produced are tested in the removal of fluoxetine hydrochloride (FLX). To properly pair the anodic production of ozone and the cathodic production of hydrogen peroxide in the same cell, that is, with the same intensity in anode and cathode, an innovative composite 3-D gas diffusion cathode was used to decrease the current density (by increasing the effective cathode surface area) in the cathodic compartment, attaining soft operation conditions in this compartment. Meanwhile, a grid DIACHEM\u00ae lattice BDD was used in the anode to increase the harsh oxidative conditions in the anodic compartment. The results confirm the viability of pairing both processes. Current intensity positively affects the production of ozone and, less importantly, the production of hydrogen peroxide (because the current efficiency decreases with the intensity), with the contribution of electrolytes containing sulfate and bicarbonates being evaluated in the search of greener processes. The oxidants produced were dosed to solutions containing FLX confirming that the addition of both products (electro-peroxone process) attains a significant improvement in the removal of FLX, which was explained in terms of promoting radical mechanisms for ozone oxidation (peroxone reagent).", "keywords": ["Ozone", "Advanced oxidation processes", "Peroxone", "Electrochemical treatment", "Hydrogen peroxide", "Process integration"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146049"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Electrochimica%20Acta", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146049", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146049", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146049"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.envpol.2005.01.039", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:39Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-04-08", "title": "California Black Oak Response To Nitrogen Amendment At A High O3, Nitrogen-Saturated Site", "description": "In a nitrogen (N) saturated forest downwind from Los Angeles, California, the cumulative response to long-term background-N and N-amendment on black oak (Quercus kelloggii) was described in a below-average and average precipitation year. Monthly measurements of leaf and branch growth, gas exchange, and canopy health attributes were conducted. The effects of both pollutant exposure and drought stress were complex due to whole tree and leaf level responses, and shade versus full sun leaf responses. N-amended trees had lower late summer carbon (C) gain and greater foliar chlorosis in the drought year. Leaf water use efficiency was lower in N-amended trees in midsummer of the average precipitation year, and there was evidence of poor stomatal control in full sun. In shade, N-amendment enhanced stomatal control. Small differences in instantaneous C uptake in full sun, lower foliar respiration, and greater C gain in low light contributed to the greater aboveground growth observed.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Nitrogen", "Acclimatization", "Plant Transpiration", "15. Life on land", "Los Angeles", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Disasters", "Quercus", "Ozone", "13. Climate action", "Sunlight", "Environmental Pollutants", "Seasons", "Photosynthesis", "Environmental Monitoring", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Nancy Grulke, P. Mingus, W. Dobrowolski, Mark E. Fenn,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2005.01.039"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Pollution", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.envpol.2005.01.039", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.envpol.2005.01.039", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.envpol.2005.01.039"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.envpol.2005.02.002", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:39Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-04-07", "title": "Effects Of Simultaneous Ozone Exposure And Nitrogen Loads On Carbohydrate Concentrations, Biomass, And Growth Of Young Spruce Trees (Picea Abies)", "description": "Spruce saplings were grown under different nitrogen fertilization regimes in eight chamberless fumigation systems, which were fumigated with either charcoal-filtered (F) or ambient air (O3). After the third growing season trees were harvested for biomass and non-structural carbohydrate analysis. Nitrogen had an overall positive effect on the investigated plant parameters, resulting in increased shoot elongation, biomass production, fine root soluble carbohydrate concentrations, and also slightly increased starch concentrations of stems and roots. Only needle starch concentrations and fine root sugar alcohol concentrations were decreased. Ozone fumigation resulted in needle discolorations and affected most parameters negatively, including decreased shoot elongation and decreased starch concentrations in roots, stems, and needles. In fine roots, however, soluble carbohydrate concentrations remained unaffected or increased by ozone fumigation. The only significant interaction was an antagonistic effect on root starch concentrations, where higher nitrogen levels alleviated the negative impact of ozone.", "keywords": ["Air Pollutants", "Ecology", "Plant Stems", "Nitrogen", "Carbohydrates", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Plant Roots", "01 natural sciences", "Plant Leaves", "Ozone", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Biomass", "Picea", "Fertilizers", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "V.F.D. Thomas, Walter Fl\u00fcckiger, Sabine Braun,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2005.02.002"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Pollution", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.envpol.2005.02.002", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.envpol.2005.02.002", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.envpol.2005.02.002"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.envpol.2006.03.055", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:39Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-08-07", "title": "Fluxes Of N2o, Ch4 And Co2 In A Meadow Ecosystem Exposed To Elevated Ozone And Carbon Dioxide For Three Years", "description": "Open-top chambers (OTCs) were used to evaluate the effects of moderately elevated O3 (40-50 ppb) and CO2 (+100 ppm) and their combination on N2O, CH4 and CO2 fluxes from ground-planted meadow mesocosms. Bimonthly measurements in 2002-2004 showed that the daily fluxes of N2O, CH4 and CO2 reacted mainly to elevated O3, while the fluxes of CO2 also responded to elevated CO2. However, the fluxes did not show any marked response when elevated O3 and CO2 were combined. N2O and CO2 emissions were best explained by soil water content and air and soil temperatures, and they were not clearly associated with potential nitrification and denitrification. Our results suggest that the increasing O3 and/or CO2 concentrations may affect the N2O, CH4 and CO2 fluxes from the soil, but longer study periods are needed to verify the actual consequences of climate change for greenhouse gas emissions.", "keywords": ["hiilidioksidi", "570", "Climate", "elevated carbon dioxide", "Nitrous Oxide", "elevated ozone", "Poaceae", "metaani", "01 natural sciences", "niityt", "open-top chambers", "kohotettu otsonipitoisuus", "typen oksidit", "Magnoliopsida", "Oxidants", " Photochemical", "Ozone", "greenhouse gases", "Soil Pollutants", "otsoni", "Weather", "Ecosystem", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "Air Pollutants", "Fabaceae", "Environmental Exposure", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "004", "kasvihuonekaasut", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "avoin kammio", "Environmental Pollutants", "Ka", "Seasons", "kohotettu hiilidioksidipitoisuus", "Methane", "meadows"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2006.03.055"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Pollution", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.envpol.2006.03.055", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.envpol.2006.03.055", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.envpol.2006.03.055"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.jafr.2023.100732", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-08-07", "title": "Aeromycological studies in the crops of the main cereals: A systematic review", "description": "Open AccessLes \u00e9tudes a\u00e9romycologiques sur les cultures c\u00e9r\u00e9ali\u00e8res permettent de d\u00e9terminer la variation temporelle des agents pathog\u00e8nes des plantes affectant la culture et de d\u00e9terminer le moment appropri\u00e9 pour appliquer les fongicides. Cependant, ce sujet n'a pas \u00e9t\u00e9 syst\u00e9matiquement revu. L'objectif de ce travail \u00e9tait d'analyser syst\u00e9matiquement toutes les \u00e9tudes a\u00e9romycologiques r\u00e9alis\u00e9es sur le ma\u00efs, le bl\u00e9, le riz, l'avoine, l'orge, le seigle, le sorgho et le millet. Une recherche syst\u00e9matique a \u00e9t\u00e9 effectu\u00e9e dans Scopus depuis le d\u00e9but de la base de donn\u00e9es jusqu'au 1er ao\u00fbt 2022. Les crit\u00e8res d'inclusion \u00e9taient qu'il s'agissait d'\u00e9tudes a\u00e9romycologiques sur le bl\u00e9 ou le riz ou le ma\u00efs ou l'avoine ou le sorgho ou le seigle ou l'orge ou le millet et d'\u00e9tudes publi\u00e9es dans des revues \u00e0 comit\u00e9 de lecture index\u00e9es dans Journal Citation Reports et r\u00e9dig\u00e9es en anglais ou en espagnol. Quarante-trois \u00e9tudes (21 sur le bl\u00e9, 15 sur le riz, 5 sur le ma\u00efs, 1 sur le sorgho et 2 sur l'orge) r\u00e9pondant \u00e0 tous les crit\u00e8res d'\u00e9ligibilit\u00e9 ont \u00e9t\u00e9 incluses (une des \u00e9tudes sur le ma\u00efs a \u00e9galement \u00e9t\u00e9 men\u00e9e sur le bl\u00e9). Aucune \u00e9tude a\u00e9romycologique n'a \u00e9t\u00e9 trouv\u00e9e chez l'avoine, le seigle et le millet. Il a \u00e9t\u00e9 not\u00e9 que la plupart des recherches a\u00e9romycologiques ont \u00e9t\u00e9 men\u00e9es sur les cultures de bl\u00e9 et principalement dans les pays des Am\u00e9riques. De plus, les propagules fongiques sont principalement collect\u00e9es par des m\u00e9thodes non viables, en utilisant divers types de collecteurs. En g\u00e9n\u00e9ral, les \u00e9tudes visaient \u00e0 identifier un agent pathog\u00e8ne sp\u00e9cifique et non \u00e0 la diversit\u00e9 des agents pathog\u00e8nes qui peuvent \u00eatre trouv\u00e9s. La relation des champignons identifi\u00e9s avec les param\u00e8tres m\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques \u00e9tait variable dans les diff\u00e9rentes \u00e9tudes. Cette revue syst\u00e9matique permet de r\u00e9sumer les \u00e9tudes a\u00e9romycologiques qui ont \u00e9t\u00e9 men\u00e9es sur les cultures de bl\u00e9, de riz, de ma\u00efs, de sorgho et d'orge. Il sugg\u00e8re \u00e9galement o\u00f9 les futures \u00e9tudes dans ce domaine devraient \u00eatre dirig\u00e9es, en fonction des limites rencontr\u00e9es.", "keywords": ["Impacts of Elevated CO2 and Ozone on Plant Physiology", "Agriculture (General)", "Health", " Toxicology and Mutagenesis", "Plant Science", "Crop", "S1-972", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Barley", "Biochemistry", " Genetics and Molecular Biology", "TX341-641", "10. No inequality", "Biology", "Sorghum", "2. Zero hunger", "Corn", "Airborne spores", "Nutrition. Foods and food supply", "Life Sciences", "Phylogenetic Analysis", "Cell Biology", "15. Life on land", "2414.06 Hongos", "Agronomy", "3. Good health", "Wheat", "Environmental Science", "Physical Sciences", "Rice", "Indoor Air Quality and Health Effects", "Diversity and Evolution of Fungal Pathogens", "Biotechnology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jafr.2023.100732"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Agriculture%20and%20Food%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.jafr.2023.100732", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.jafr.2023.100732", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.jafr.2023.100732"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126527", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:16Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-06-29", "title": "Reduction of antibiotic resistance determinants in urban wastewater by ozone: Emphasis on the impact of wastewater matrix towards the inactivation kinetics, toxicity and bacterial regrowth", "description": "This study investigated the impact of bench-scale ozonation on the inactivation of total cultivable and antibiotic-resistant bacteria (faecal coliforms, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus spp., and total heterotrophs), and the reduction of gene markers (16S rRNA and intl1) and antibiotic resistance genes (qacE\u03941, sul1, aadA1 and dfrA1) indigenously present in wastewater effluents treated by membrane bioreactor (MBR) or conventional activated sludge (CAS). The Chick-Watson model-predicted ozone exposure (CT) requirements, showed that higher CT values were needed for CAS- than MBR-treated effluents to achieve a 3-log reduction of each microbial group, i.e., ~30 and 10 gO3 min gDOC-1 respectively. Ozonation was efficient in inactivating the examined antibiotic-resistant bacteria, and no bacterial regrowth was observed after 72\u00a0h. The genes abundance decreased significantly by ozone, but an increase in their abundance was detected 72\u00a0h after storage of the treated samples. A very low removal of DOC was achieved and at the same time phyto- and eco-toxicity increased after the ozonation treatment in both wastewater matrices. The gene abundance, regrowth and toxicity results of this study may be of high environmental significance for comprehensive evaluation of ozone and may guide future studies in assessing these parameters for other oxidants/disinfectants.", "keywords": ["Bacteria", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Drug Resistance", " Microbial", "02 engineering and technology", "Wastewater", "Waste Disposal", " Fluid", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Anti-Bacterial Agents", "Disinfection", "Kinetics", "Ozone", "Genes", "13. Climate action", "Ozonation", "Phytotoxicity", "RNA", " Ribosomal", " 16S", "11. Sustainability", "Ecotoxicity", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126527"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Hazardous%20Materials", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126527", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126527", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126527"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2008.06.007", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:39Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-07-10", "title": "Changes In Soil Microbial Community Structure Under Elevated Tropospheric O-3 And Co2", "description": "Abstract We studied the effects of O 3 and CO 2 alone and in combination on soil microbial communities by assessing the changes in total PLFA biomass, profiles and specific subgroups. Meadow mesocosms were exposed to slightly elevated O 3 (40\u201350\u00a0ppb) and CO 2 (+100\u00a0ppm) in open-top chambers for three subsequent growing seasons (2002\u20132004). Decreased total, bacterial, actinobacterial, fungal PLFA biomass values as well as fungal:bacterial PLFA biomass ratio were measured after three growing seasons of fumigations with elevated O 3 . There were significant differences in the relative proportions of individual PLFAs between the control and elevated O 3 treatments. Moreover, enhanced O 3 alone and in combination with CO 2 modified the structure of the microbial community. The effects of elevated CO 2 given alone on PLFA profiles were negligible. Our results show that elevated O 3 alone and in combination with CO 2 even at moderate levels may cause changes in the biomass and composition of the microbial community in meadow soils, which may lead to functional changes in soil ecosystem processes.", "keywords": ["hiilidioksidi", "biomassa", "niityt", "soil", "open-top chambers", "ekosysteemit", "kohotettu O3", "otsoni", "microorganisms", "2. Zero hunger", "maaper\u00e4", "elevated CO2", "biomass", "carbon dioxide", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "ozone", "kohotettu CO2", "elevated O3", "mikro-organismit", "PLFA", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Ka", "microbial community", "ecosystems", "meadows"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2008.06.007"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2008.06.007", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2008.06.007", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2008.06.007"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.ultsonch.2020.104986", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:18:07Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-01-23", "title": "Tertiary treatment of real abattoir wastewater using combined acoustic cavitation and ozonation", "description": "Open AccessThis work reports the influence of ultrasound alone and combined with ozone for the treatment of real abattoir wastewater. Three different frequencies were studied(44, 300 and 1000 kHz) at an applied power of 40 W. The injected ozone dose was fixed at 71 mg/L and the treatment time varied from 1 to 60 min. Using ultrasound alone, 300 kHz was the only frequency showing a reduction in chemical oxygen demand (COD, 18% reduction) and biological oxygen demand (BOD, 50% reduction), while no diminution in microbial content was measured for any of the frequencies studied. Combining ultrasound with ozone, on the contrary, led to a significant decrease in COD (44%) and BOD (78%) removal for the three frequencies under study. A complete inactivation of total coliforms (TC) was obtained, as well as a final value of 99 CFU/mL in total viable counts (TVC, 5 log reduction). That is, the ozonation-sonication combined system was the only treatment method (compared to sonication and ozonation alone) reaching direct discharge limits, as well as meeting drinking water standards for microbial disinfection (TC and TVC)", "keywords": ["Sonication", "Ozone", "Hydroxyl Radical", "500", "Wastewater", "Waste Disposal", " Fluid", "01 natural sciences", "Abattoirs", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2020.104986"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ultrasonics%20Sonochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.ultsonch.2020.104986", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.ultsonch.2020.104986", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2020.104986"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.watres.2017.10.007", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:18:07Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-10-27", "title": "The role of operating parameters and oxidative damage mechanisms of advanced chemical oxidation processes in the combat against antibiotic-resistant bacteria and resistance genes present in urban wastewater", "description": "An upsurge in the study of antibiotic resistance in the environment has been observed in the last decade. Nowadays, it is becoming increasingly clear that urban wastewater is a key source of antibiotic resistance determinants, i.e. antibiotic-resistant bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes (ARB&ARGs). Urban wastewater reuse has arisen as an important component of water resources management in the European Union and worldwide to address prolonged water scarcity issues. Especially, biological wastewater treatment processes (i.e. conventional activated sludge), which are widely applied in urban wastewater treatment plants, have been shown to provide an ideal environment for the evolution and spread of antibiotic resistance. The ability of advanced chemical oxidation processes (AOPs), e.g. light-driven oxidation in the presence of H2O2, ozonation, homogeneous and heterogeneous photocatalysis, to inactivate ARB and remove ARGs in wastewater effluents has not been yet evaluated through a systematic and integrated approach. Consequently, this review seeks to provide an extensive and critical appraisal on the assessment of the efficiency of these processes in inactivating ARB and removing ARGs in wastewater effluents, based on recent available scientific literature. It tries to elucidate how the key operating conditions may affect the process efficiency, while pinpointing potential areas for further research and major knowledge gaps which need to be addressed. Also, this review aims at shedding light on the main oxidative damage pathways involved in the inactivation of ARB and removal of ARGs by these processes. In general, the lack and/or heterogeneity of the available scientific data, as well as the different methodological approaches applied in the various studies, make difficult the accurate evaluation of the efficiency of the processes applied. Besides the operating conditions, the variable behavior observed by the various examined genetic constituents of the microbial community, may be directed by the process distinct oxidative damage mechanisms in place during the application of each treatment technology. For example, it was shown in various studies that the majority of cellular damage by advanced chemical oxidation may be on cell wall and membrane structures of the targeted bacteria, leaving the internal components of the cells relatively intact/able to repair damage. As a result, further in-depth mechanistic studies are required, to establish the optimum operating conditions under which oxidative mechanisms target internal cell components such as genetic material and ribosomal structures more intensively, thus conferring permanent damage and/or death and preventing potential post-treatment re-growth.", "keywords": ["Titanium", "Photolysis", "Bacteria", "Sewage", "Sulfates", "Ultraviolet Rays", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Drug Resistance", " Microbial", "Hydrogen Peroxide", "02 engineering and technology", "Wastewater", "Oxidants", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Water Purification", "12. Responsible consumption", "Oxidative Stress", "Ozone", "Genes", " Bacterial", "13. Climate action", "Antibiotic resistance Advanced chemical oxidation Inactivation mechanisms Wastewater treatment", "Drug Resistance", " Bacterial", "11. Sustainability", "Oxidation-Reduction", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2017.10.007"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Water%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.watres.2017.10.007", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.watres.2017.10.007", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.watres.2017.10.007"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.watres.2019.05.025", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:18:07Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-05-09", "title": "Continuous ozonation of urban wastewater: Removal of antibiotics, antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli and antibiotic resistance genes and phytotoxicity", "description": "This work evaluated the removal of a mixture of eight antibiotics (i.e. ampicillin (AMP), azithromycin (AZM), erythromycin (ERY), clarithromycin (CLA), ofloxacin (OFL), sulfamethoxazole (SMX), trimethoprim (TMP) and tetracycline (TC)) from urban wastewater, by ozonation operated in continuous mode at different hydraulic retention times (HRTs) (i.e. 10, 20, 40 and 60\u202fmin) and specific ozone doses (i.e. 0.125, 0.25, 0.50 and 0.75 gO3 gDOC- 1). As expected, the efficiency of ozonation was highly ozone dose- and contact time-dependent. The removal of the parent compounds of the selected antibiotics to levels below their detection limits was achieved with HRT of 40\u202fmin and specific ozone dose of 0.125 gO3 gDOC- 1. The effect of ozonation was also investigated at a microbiological and genomic level, by studying the efficiency of the process with respect to the inactivation of Escherichia coli and antibiotic-resistant E.\u00a0coli, as well as to the reduction of the abundance of selected antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). The inactivation of total cultivable E.\u00a0coli was achieved under the experimental conditions of HRT 40\u202fmin and 0.25 gO3 gDOC-1, at which all antibiotic compounds were already degraded. The regrowth examinations revealed that higher ozone concentrations were required for the permanent inactivation of E.\u00a0coli below the Limit of Quantification (The concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) and tropospheric ozone (O3) have been rising due to human activities. However, little is known about how such increases influence soil microbial communities. We hypothesized that elevated CO2 (eCO2) and elevated O3 (eO3) would significantly affect the functional composition, structure and metabolic potential of soil microbial communities, and that various functional groups would respond to such atmospheric changes differentially. To test these hypotheses, we analyzed 96 soil samples from a soybean free-air CO2 enrichment (SoyFACE) experimental site using a comprehensive functional gene microarray (GeoChip 3.0). The results showed the overall functional composition and structure of soil microbial communities shifted under eCO2, eO3 or eCO2+eO3. Key functional genes involved in carbon fixation and degradation, nitrogen fixation, denitrification and methane metabolism were stimulated under eCO2, whereas those involved in N fixation, denitrification and N mineralization were suppressed under eO3, resulting in the fact that the abundance of some eO3-supressed genes was promoted to ambient, or eCO2-induced levels by the interaction of eCO2+eO3. Such effects appeared distinct for each treatment and significantly correlated with soil properties and soybean yield. Overall, our analysis suggests possible mechanisms of microbial responses to global atmospheric change factors through the stimulation of C and N cycling by eCO2, the inhibition of N functional processes by eO3 and the interaction by eCO2 and eO3. This study provides new insights into our understanding of microbial functional processes in response to global atmospheric change in soybean agro-ecosystems.

", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "0303 health sciences", "Glycine max", "Nitrogen", "Phosphorus", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "Carbon", "Carbon Cycle", "03 medical and health sciences", "Ozone", "13. Climate action", "Ecosystem", "Soil Microbiology", "Sulfur"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2013.177"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/The%20ISME%20Journal", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1038/ismej.2013.177", "name": "item", "description": "10.1038/ismej.2013.177", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1038/ismej.2013.177"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-10-10T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1038/nature02047", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:18:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-10-15", "title": "Reduction Of Soil Carbon Formation By Tropospheric Ozone Under Increased Carbon Dioxide Levels", "description": "In the Northern Hemisphere, ozone levels in the troposphere have increased by 35 per cent over the past century, with detrimental impacts on forest and agricultural productivity, even when forest productivity has been stimulated by increased carbon dioxide levels. In addition to reducing productivity, increased tropospheric ozone levels could alter terrestrial carbon cycling by lowering the quantity and quality of carbon inputs to soils. However, the influence of elevated ozone levels on soil carbon formation and decomposition are unknown. Here we examine the effects of elevated ozone levels on the formation rates of total and decay-resistant acid-insoluble soil carbon under conditions of elevated carbon dioxide levels in experimental aspen (Populus tremuloides) stands and mixed aspen-birch (Betula papyrifera) stands. With ambient concentrations of ozone and carbon dioxide both raised by 50 per cent, we find that the formation rates of total and acid-insoluble soil carbon are reduced by 50 per cent relative to the amounts entering the soil when the forests were exposed to increased carbon dioxide alone. Our results suggest that, in a world with elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations, global-scale reductions in plant productivity due to elevated ozone levels will also lower soil carbon formation rates significantly.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Atmosphere", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Carbon", "Trees", "Soil", "Ozone", "Populus", "Solubility", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Acids", "Betula", "Ecosystem", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Noah J. Karberg, Kurt S. Pregitzer, Christian P. Giardina, John S. King, Wendy M. Loya,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/nature02047"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Nature", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1038/nature02047", "name": "item", "description": "10.1038/nature02047", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1038/nature02047"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2003-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1038/s41598-019-55251-2", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:18:43Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-12-16", "title": "Assessing the impact of global climate changes on irrigated wheat yields and water requirements in a semi-arid environment of Morocco", "description": "Abstract

The present work aims to quantify the impact of climate change (CC) on the grain yields of irrigated cereals and their water requirements in the Tensift region of Morocco. The Med-CORDEX (MEDiterranean COordinated Regional Climate Downscaling EXperiment) ensemble runs under scenarios RCP4.5 (Representative Concentration Pathway) and RCP8.5 are first evaluated and disaggregated using the quantile-quantile approach. The impact of CC on the duration of the main wheat phenological stages based on the degree-day approach is then analyzed. The results show that the rise in air temperature causes a shortening of the development cycle of up to 50 days. The impacts of rising temperature and changes in precipitation on wheat yields are next evaluated, based on the AquaCrop model, both with and without taking into account the fertilizing effect of CO2. As expected, optimal wheat yields will decrease on the order of 7 to 30% if CO2 concentration rise is not considered. The fertilizing effect of CO2 can counterbalance yield losses, since optimal yields could increase by 7% and 13% respectively at mid-century for the RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios. Finally, water requirements are expected to decrease by 13 to 42%, mainly in response to the shortening of the cycle. This decrease is associated with a change in temporal patterns, with the requirement peak coming two months earlier than under current conditions.

", "keywords": ["Water resources", "Atmospheric sciences", "Agricultural Irrigation", "environment/Bioclimatology", "550", "Representative Concentration Pathways", "Adaptation to Climate Change in Agriculture", "Arid", "Rain", "[SDV.SA.AGRO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomy", "Climate Change and Variability Research", "Plant Science", "Precipitation", "02 engineering and technology", "01 natural sciences", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Downscaling", "Climate change", "Quantile", "Triticum", "Climatology", "2. Zero hunger", "Global and Planetary Change", "Ecology", "Geography", "Temperature", "Life Sciences", "Geology", "Morocco", "Phenology", "[SDV.EE.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", "Seeds", "Physical Sciences", "Metallurgy", "Desert Climate", "Impacts of Elevated CO2 and Ozone on Plant Physiology", "Climate Change", "0207 environmental engineering", "Yield (engineering)", "Climate model", "Article", "Environmental science", "FOS: Economics and business", "Meteorology", "FOS: Mathematics", "Econometrics", "[SDU.STU.HY]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology", "Biology", "Ecology", " Evolution", " Behavior and Systematics", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "[SDV.SA.AGRO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomy", "Water", "FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "Agronomy", "Materials science", "[SDV.EE.BIO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", " environment/Bioclimatology", "13. Climate action", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Environmental Science", "[SDU.STU.HY] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology", "Crop Yield", "Mediterranean climate", "Mathematics", "Climate Modeling"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-55251-2.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-55251-2"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Scientific%20Reports", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1038/s41598-019-55251-2", "name": "item", "description": "10.1038/s41598-019-55251-2", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1038/s41598-019-55251-2"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-12-16T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/acp-24-7137-2024", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:23:23Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-06-21", "title": "On the uncertainty of anthropogenic aromatic volatile organic compound emissions: model evaluation and sensitivity analysis", "description": "

Abstract. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) significantly impact air quality and atmospheric chemistry, influencing ozone formation and secondary organic aerosol production. Despite their importance, the uncertainties associated with representing VOCs in atmospheric emission inventories are considerable. This work presents a spatiotemporal assessment and evaluation of benzene, toluene, and xylene (BTX) emissions and concentrations in Spain by combining bottom-up emissions, air quality modelling techniques, and ground-based observations. The emissions produced by High-Elective Resolution Modelling Emission System (HERMESv3) were used as input to the Multiscale Online Nonhydrostatic AtmospheRe CHemistry (MONARCH) chemical transport model to simulate surface concentrations across Spain. Comparing modelled and observed levels revealed uncertainty in the anthropogenic emissions, which were further explored through sensitivity tests. The largest levels of observed benzene and xylene were found in industrial sites near coke ovens, refineries, and car manufacturing facilities, where the modelling results show large underestimations. Official emissions reported for these facilities were replaced by alternative estimates, resulting in varied improvements in the model's performance across different stations. However, uncertainties associated with industrial emission processes persist, emphasising the need for further refinement. For toluene, consistent overestimations in background stations were mainly related to uncertainties in the spatial disaggregation of emissions from industrial-use solvent activities, mainly wood paint applications. Observed benzene levels in Barcelona's urban traffic areas were 5\u00a0times larger than the ones observed in Madrid. MONARCH failed to reproduce the observed gradient between the two cities due to uncertainties arising from estimating emissions from motorcycles and mopeds, as well as from different measurement methods and the model's capacity to accurately simulate meteorological conditions. Our results are constrained by the spatial and temporal coverage of available BTX observations, posing a key challenge in evaluating the spatial distribution of modelled levels and associated emissions.

", "keywords": ["Aerosols", "Atmospheric chemistry", "550", "Physics", "QC1-999", "Xylene", "VOCs", "Benzene", "7. Clean energy", "01 natural sciences", "\u00c0rees tem\u00e0tiques de la UPC::Desenvolupament hum\u00e0 i sostenible::Enginyeria ambiental", "Chemistry", "Ozone", "13. Climate action", "Air quality", "11. Sustainability", "Volatile organic compounds", "QD1-999", "Toluene", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7137-2024"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Atmospheric%20Chemistry%20and%20Physics", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/acp-24-7137-2024", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/acp-24-7137-2024", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/acp-24-7137-2024"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-06-21T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1093/treephys/24.11.1227", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:19:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-01-20", "title": "Silver Birch And Climate Change: Variable Growth And Carbon Allocation Responses To Elevated Concentrations Of Carbon Dioxide And Ozone", "description": "We studied the effects of elevated concentrations of carbon dioxide ([CO2]) and ozone ([O3]) on growth, biomass allocation and leaf area of field-grown O3-tolerant (Clone 4) and O3-sensitive clones (Clone 80) of European silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) trees during 1999-2001. Seven-year-old trees of Clones 4 and 80 growing outside in open-top chambers were exposed for 3 years to the following treatments: outside control (OC); chamber control (CC); 2 x ambient [CO2] (EC); 2 x ambient [O3] (EO); and 2 x ambient [CO2] + 2 x ambient [O3] (EC+EO). When the results for the two clones were analyzed together, elevated [CO2] increased tree growth and biomass, but had no effect on biomass allocation. Total leaf area increased and leaf abscission was delayed in response to elevated [CO2]. Elevated [O3] decreased dry mass of roots and branches and mean leaf size and induced earlier leaf abscission in the autumn; otherwise, the effects of elevated [O3] were small across the clones. However, there were significant interactions between elevated [CO2] and elevated [O3]. When results for the clones were analyzed separately, stem diameter, volume growth and total biomass of Clone 80 were increased by elevated [CO2] and the stimulatory effects of elevated [CO2] on stem volume growth and total leaf area increased during the 3-year study. Clone 80 was unaffected by elevated [O3]. In Clone 4, elevated [O3] decreased root and branch biomass by 38 and 29%, respectively, whereas this clone showed few responses to elevated [CO2]. Elevated [CO2] significantly increased total leaf area in Clone 80 only, which may partly explain the smaller growth responses to elevated [CO2] of Clone 4 compared with Clone 80. Although we observed responses to elevated [O3], the responses to the EC+EO and EC treatments were similar, indicating that the trees only responded to elevated [O3] under ambient [CO2] conditions, perhaps reflecting a greater quantity of carbohydrates available for detoxification and repair in elevated [CO2].", "keywords": ["Greenhouse Effect", "Plant Leaves", "0106 biological sciences", "Ozone", "Plant Stems", "13. Climate action", "Biomass", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Betula", "Trees", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/24.11.1227"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Tree%20Physiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1093/treephys/24.11.1227", "name": "item", "description": "10.1093/treephys/24.11.1227", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1093/treephys/24.11.1227"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1093/treephys/25.12.1511", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:19:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-01-20", "title": "Effects Of Elevated Concentrations Of Atmospheric Co2 And Tropospheric O-3 On Leaf Litter Production And Chemistry In Trembling Aspen And Paper Birch Communities", "description": "Human activities are increasing the concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide ([CO2]) and tropospheric ozone ([O3]), potentially leading to changes in the quantity and chemical quality of leaf litter inputs to forest soils. Because the quality and quantity of labile and recalcitrant carbon (C) compounds influence forest productivity through changes in soil organic matter content, characterizing changes in leaf litter in response to environmental change is critical to understanding the effects of global change on forests. We assessed the independent and combined effects of elevated [CO2] and elevated [O3] on foliar litter production and chemistry in aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) and birch-(Betula papyrifera Marsh.) aspen communities at the Aspen free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) experiment in Rhinelander, WI. Litter was analyzed for concentrations of C, nitrogen (N), soluble sugars, lipids, lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose and C-based defensive compounds (soluble phenolics and condensed tannins). Concentrations of these chemical compounds in naturally senesced litter were similar in aspen and birch-aspen communities among treatments, except for N, the C:N ratio and lipids. Elevated [CO2] significantly increased C:N (+8.7%), lowered mean litter N concentration (-10.7%) but had no effect on the concentrations of soluble sugars, soluble phenolics and condensed tannins. Elevated [CO2] significantly increased litter biomass production (+33.3%), resulting in significant increases in fluxes of N, soluble sugars, soluble phenolics and condensed tannins to the soil. Elevated [O3] significantly increased litter concentrations of soluble sugars (+78.1%), soluble phenolics (+53.1%) and condensed tannins (+77.2%). There were no significant effects of elevated [CO2] or elevated [O3] on the concentrations of individual C structural carbohydrates (cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin). Elevated [CO2] significantly increased cellulose (+37.4%) input to soil, whereas elevated [O3] significantly reduced hemicellulose and lignin inputs to soil (-22.3 and -31.5%, respectively). The small changes in litter chemistry in response to elevated [CO2] and tropospheric [O3] that we observed, combined with changes in litter biomass production, could significantly alter the inputs of N, soluble sugars, condensed tannins, soluble phenolics, cellulose and lignin to forest soils in the future.", "keywords": ["Nitrogen", "aspen", "carbon", "nutrient cycling", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "Carbon", "Plant Leaves", "ozone", "Soil", "Wisconsin", "Ozone", "Populus", "litter", "FACE", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "CO2", "leaves", "Biomass", "soils", "Forest Sciences", "Betula", "Ecosystem"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Liu, Lingli, King, John S., Giardina, Christian P.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/25.12.1511"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Tree%20Physiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1093/treephys/25.12.1511", "name": "item", "description": "10.1093/treephys/25.12.1511", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1093/treephys/25.12.1511"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/gcb.12810", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:19:55Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-11-18", "title": "Effects Of Elevated Ozone Concentration On Ch4 And N2o Emission From Paddy Soil Under Fully Open-Air Field Conditions", "description": "Abstract

We investigated the effects of elevated ozone concentration (E\uffe2\uff80\uff90O3) on CH4 and N2O emission from paddies with two rice cultivars: an inbred Indica cultivar Yangdao 6 (YD6) and a hybrid one II\uffe2\uff80\uff90you 084 (IIY084), under fully open\uffe2\uff80\uff90air field conditions in China. A mean 26.7% enhancement of ozone concentration above the ambient level (A\uffe2\uff80\uff90O3) significantly reduced CH4 emission at tillering and flowering stages leading to a reduction of seasonal integral CH4 emission by 29.6% on average across the two cultivars. The reduced CH4 emission is associated with O3\uffe2\uff80\uff90induced reduction in the whole\uffe2\uff80\uff90plant biomass (\uffe2\uff88\uff9213.2%), root biomass (\uffe2\uff88\uff9234.7%), and maximum tiller number (\uffe2\uff88\uff9210.3%), all of which curbed the carbon supply for belowground CH4 production and its release from submerged soil to atmosphere. Although no significant difference was detected between the cultivars in the CH4 emission response to E\uffe2\uff80\uff90O3, a larger decrease in CH4 emission with IIY084 (\uffe2\uff88\uff9233.2%) than that with YD6 (\uffe2\uff88\uff927.0%) was observed at tillering stage, which may be due to the larger reduction in tiller number in IIY084 by E\uffe2\uff80\uff90O3. Additionally, E\uffe2\uff80\uff90O3 reduced seasonal mean NOx flux by 5.7% and 11.8% with IIY084 and YD6, respectively, but the effects were not significant statistically. We found that the relative response of CH4 emission to E\uffe2\uff80\uff90O3 was not significantly different from those reported in open\uffe2\uff80\uff90top chamber experiments. This study has thus confirmed that increasing ozone concentration would mitigate the global warming potential of CH4 and suggested consideration of the feedback mechanism between ozone and its precursor emission into the projection of future ozone effects on terrestrial ecosystem.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Air Pollutants", "China", "Nitrous Oxide", "Agriculture", "Oryza", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Soil", "Ozone", "13. Climate action", "8. Economic growth", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Methane", "Ecosystem", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Gang Liu, Haoye Tang, Haoye Tang, Kazuhiko Kobayashi, Jianguo Zhu,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12810"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/gcb.12810", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/gcb.12810", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/gcb.12810"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-12-23T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01970.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-05-08", "title": "Solar Uvb And Warming Affect Decomposition And Earthworms In A Fen Ecosystem In Tierra Del Fuego, Argentina", "description": "Abstract

Combined effects of co\uffe2\uff80\uff90occurring global climate changes on ecosystem responses are generally poorly understood. Here, we present results from a 2\uffe2\uff80\uff90year field experiment in aCarexfen ecosystem on the southernmost tip of South America, where we examined the effects of solar ultraviolet B (UVB, 280\uffe2\uff80\uff93315\uffe2\uff80\uff83nm) and warming on above\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and belowground plant production, C\uffe2\uff80\uff83:\uffe2\uff80\uff83N ratios, decomposition rates and earthworm population sizes. Solar UVB radiation was manipulated using transparent plastic filter films to create a near\uffe2\uff80\uff90ambient (90% of ambient UVB) or a reduced solar UVB treatment (15% of ambient UVB). The warming treatment was imposed passively by wrapping the same filter material around the plots resulting in a mean air and soil temperature increase of about 1.2\uffe2\uff80\uff83\uffc2\uffb0C. Aboveground plant production was not affected by warming, and marginally reduced at near\uffe2\uff80\uff90ambient UVB only in the second season. Aboveground plant biomass also tended to have a lower C\uffe2\uff80\uff83:\uffe2\uff80\uff83N ratio under near\uffe2\uff80\uff90ambient UVB and was differently affected at the two temperatures (marginal UVB \uffc3\uff97 temperature interaction). Leaf decomposition of one dominant sedge species (Carex curta) tended to be faster at near\uffe2\uff80\uff90ambient UVB than at reduced UVB. Leaf decomposition of a codominant species (Carex decidua) was significantly faster at near\uffe2\uff80\uff90ambient UVB; root decomposition of this species tended to be lower at increased temperature and interacted with UVB. We found, for the first time in a field experiment that epigeic earthworm density and biomass was 36% decreased by warming but remained unaffected by UVB radiation. Our results show that present\uffe2\uff80\uff90day solar UVB radiation and modest warming can adversely affect ecosystem functioning and engineers of this fen. However, results on plant biomass production also showed that treatment manipulations of co\uffe2\uff80\uff90occurring global change factors can be overridden by the local climatic situation in a given study year.

", "keywords": ["DECOMPOSITION", "EARTHWORMS", "0106 biological sciences", "CAREX CURTA", "ECOSYSTEM FUNCTIONING", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "BIOMASS PRODUCTION", "SOIL HETEROTROPHS", "01 natural sciences", "CAREX DECIDUA", "13. Climate action", "DENDROBAENA OCTAEDRA", "https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "GLOBAL WARMING", "GLOBAL CHANGE", "OZONE DEPLETION", "https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01970.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01970.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01970.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01970.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-09-04T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02376.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-11-25", "title": "Fungal Community Composition And Function After Long-Term Exposure Of Northern Forests To Elevated Atmospheric Co2 And Tropospheric O-3", "description": "The long-term effects of rising atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) and tropospheric O3 concentrations on fungal communities in soil are not well understood. Here, we examine fungal community composition and the activities of cellobiohydrolase and N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAG) after 10 years of exposure to 1.5 times ambient levels of CO2 and O3 in aspen and aspen-birch forest ecosystems, and compare these results to earlier studies in the same long-term experiment.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "0301 basic medicine", "Elevated Ozone", "Geology and Earth Sciences", "Science", "Ecology and Evolutionary Biology", "Long\u2010Term", "Enzyme Activities", "Elevated Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "03 medical and health sciences", "FACE", "13. Climate action", "Fungal Communities"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02376.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02376.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02376.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02376.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-01-05T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1461-0248.2009.01380.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:13Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-09-15", "title": "Species-Specific Responses To Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide And Tropospheric Ozone Mediate Changes In Soil Carbon", "description": "Abstract

We repeatedly sampled the surface mineral soil (0\uffe2\uff80\uff9320\uffe2\uff80\uff83cm depth) in three northern temperate forest communities over an 11\uffe2\uff80\uff90year experimental fumigation to understand the effects of elevated carbon dioxide (CO2) and/or elevated phyto\uffe2\uff80\uff90toxic ozone (O3) on soil carbon (C). After 11\uffe2\uff80\uff83years, there was no significant main effect of CO2 or O3 on soil C. However, within the community containing only aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.), elevated CO2 caused a significant decrease in soil C content. Together with the observations of increased litter inputs, this result strongly suggests accelerated decomposition under elevated CO2. In addition, an initial reduction in the formation of new (fumigation\uffe2\uff80\uff90derived) soil C by O3 under elevated CO2 proved to be only a temporary effect, mirroring trends in fine root biomass. Our results contradict predictions of increased soil C under elevated CO2 and decreased soil C under elevated O3 and should be considered in models simulating the effects of Earth\uffe2\uff80\uff99s altered atmosphere.

", "keywords": ["Decomposition", "Science", "Climate Change", "Aspen", "Ecology and Evolutionary Biology", "13 C", "Carbon Storage", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "Models", " Theoretical", "15. Life on land", "Carbon", "Trees", "Soil", "Ozone", "Populus", "Long-term", "Species Specificity", "13. Climate action", "Northern Temperate Forests", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Global Change", "Environmental Monitoring"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2009.01380.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecology%20Letters", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1461-0248.2009.01380.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1461-0248.2009.01380.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2009.01380.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-10-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1461-9563.2007.00324.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:13Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-03-02", "title": "Effect Of Cropping Systems On Cereal Stemborers In The Cool-Wet And Semi-Arid Ecozones Of The Amhara Region Of Ethiopia", "description": "Abstract

1\uffe2\uff80\uff82Field experiments were conducted on maize and sorghum at three locations in the Amhara state of Ethiopia to determine the effects of mixed cropping on stemborer infestation, borer natural enemies and grain yields. In the cool\uffe2\uff80\uff90wet ecozone of western Amhara, sole maize was compared with maize intercropped with faba bean, mustard, potatoes and cowpea. In the semi\uffe2\uff80\uff90arid ecozone of eastern Amhara, the trial was conducted on both maize and sorghum with the companion crops haricot bean, sesame, cowpea and sweet potatoes.

2\uffe2\uff80\uff82The results showed that the predominant borer species in western and eastern Amhara were, respectively, Busseola fusca and Chilo partellus. In Addis Zemen, western Amhara, maize intercropped with mustard and potatoes had significantly lower pest numbers and percent tunnelling than other intercrops and the maize monocrop during the vegetative stage. In eastern Amhara, the cropping system did not significantly affect pest densities but damage to stem, ear or heads tended to be greatest when cereals were intercropped with sweet potatoes.

3\uffe2\uff80\uff82Parasitism of C. partellus by the braconid Cotesia flavipes was greater on maize than sorghum, and on maize it was greater with sweet potatoes than in other intercrops or sole maize. Cocoon mass number per plant did not vary significantly between treatments.

4\uffe2\uff80\uff82There were significant differences between treatments in yields of both sorghum and maize (per plant and per unit area) with the lowest yields observed when they were intercropped with a tuber crop.

5\uffe2\uff80\uff82The results suggest that simultaneous planting of the crop species selected has little advantage over monocropped maize.

", "keywords": ["Cool-wet and semi-arid ecozones", "2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "571", "Intercrops", "Stemborers", "Natural enemies", "Maize and sorghum", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Amhara", "Borer damage"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Kairu, E. W., Wale, M., Schulthess, F., Omwega, C. O.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-9563.2007.00324.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agricultural%20and%20Forest%20Entomology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1461-9563.2007.00324.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1461-9563.2007.00324.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1461-9563.2007.00324.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-03-02T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2005.01557.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-09-02", "title": "Tropospheric O3 Compromises Net Primary Production In Young Stands Of Trembling Aspen, Paper Birch And Sugar Maple In Response To Elevated Atmospheric Co2", "description": "Concentrations of atmospheric CO(2) and tropospheric ozone (O(3)) are rising concurrently in the atmosphere, with potentially antagonistic effects on forest net primary production (NPP) and implications for terrestrial carbon sequestration. Using free-air CO(2) enrichment (FACE) technology, we exposed north-temperate forest communities to concentrations of CO(2) and O(3) predicted for the year 2050 for the first 7 yr of stand development. Site-specific allometric equations were applied to annual nondestructive growth measurements to estimate above- and below-ground biomass and NPP for each year of the experiment. Relative to the control, elevated CO(2) increased total biomass 25, 45 and 60% in the aspen, aspen-birch and aspen-maple communities, respectively. Tropospheric O(3) caused 23, 13 and 14% reductions in total biomass relative to the control in the respective communities. Combined fumigation resulted in total biomass response of -7.8, +8.4 and +24.3% relative to the control in the aspen, aspen-birch and aspen-sugar maple communities, respectively. These results indicate that exposure to even moderate levels of O(3) significantly reduce the capacity of NPP to respond to elevated CO(2) in some forests.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "aspen", "carbon dioxide", "Acer", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "Wood", "01 natural sciences", "Carbon", "Plant Leaves", "ozone", "Wisconsin", "Ozone", "Populus", "13. Climate action", "pollution", "Biomass", "Forest Sciences", "global change", "Betula", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Kurt S. Pregitzer, Mark E. Kubiske, David F. Karnosky, George R. Hendrey, John S. King, John S. King, Christian P. Giardina, Vanessa S. Quinn, Evan P. McDonald,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2005.01557.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2005.01557.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2005.01557.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2005.01557.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-09-02T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02564.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-07-14", "title": "Soil Respiration, Root Biomass, And Root Turnover Following Long-Term Exposure Of Northern Forests To Elevated Atmospheric Co2and Tropospheric O3", "description": "The Rhinelander free-air CO(2) enrichment (FACE) experiment is designed to understand ecosystem response to elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide (+CO(2)) and elevated tropospheric ozone (+O(3)). The objectives of this study were: to understand how soil respiration responded to the experimental treatments; to determine whether fine-root biomass was correlated to rates of soil respiration; and to measure rates of fine-root turnover in aspen (Populus tremuloides) forests and determine whether root turnover might be driving patterns in soil respiration. Soil respiration was measured, root biomass was determined, and estimates of root production, mortality and biomass turnover were made. Soil respiration was greatest in the +CO(2) and +CO(2) +O(3) treatments across all three plant communities. Soil respiration was correlated with increases in fine-root biomass. In the aspen community, annual fine-root production and mortality (g m(-2)) were positively affected by +O(3). After 10 yr of exposure, +CO(2) +O(3)-induced increases in belowground carbon allocation suggest that the positive effects of elevated CO(2) on belowground net primary productivity (NPP) may not be offset by negative effects of O(3). For the aspen community, fine-root biomass is actually stimulated by +O(3), and especially +CO(2) +O(3).", "keywords": ["Greenhouse Effect", "2. Zero hunger", "Atmosphere", "Climate Change", "Science", "Natural Resources and Environment", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "Plant Roots", "Trees", "Soil", "Ozone", "Populus", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Global Change", "Biomass", "Ozone (O 3 )", "Ecosystem", "Carbon Allocation", "Carbon Dioxide (CO 2 )", "Fine Roots"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02564.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02564.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02564.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02564.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-09-02T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2117/385368", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:27:55Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-10-19", "title": "A New NMVOC Speciated Inventory for a Reactivity-Based Approach to Support Ozone Control Strategies in Spain", "description": "Ozone (O3) pollution is a persistent problem in many regions of Spain, so understanding O3 precursor emissions and trends is essential to design effective control strategies. We estimated the impact of Non-Methane Volatile Organic Compounds (NMVOC) species upon O3 formation potential (OFP) using the maximum incremental reactivity approach. For this, we developed a speciated NMVOC emission inventory for Spain from 2010 to 2019 combining national reported emissions with state-of-the-art speciation profiles, which resulted in a database of emissions for over 900 individual NMVOC species and 153 individual sectors. Additionally, we analysed 2030 emission projections to quantify the expected impact of planned measures on future OFP levels. Overall, the main activities contributing to OFP in Spain are paint manufacturing and applications (20 %), manure management (16 %), and domestic solvent use (6 %). These activities contribute unevenly across regions. The more urbanised areas report a larger contribution from the solvent sector (64 % in Madrid), while in rural areas, manure management and agricultural waste burning gain importance (24 % in Extremadura), indicating that local control measures should be implemented. The top 10 NMVOC species contributing to OFP are ethanol, ethene, xylenes, propene, toluene, formaldehyde, 1,3-butadiene, styrene, n-butane, and cyclopentane, which together are responsible for 54 % of the total OFP. Our trend analysis indicates a reduction of NMVOC emissions and OFP of -5 % and -10 % between 2010 and 2019, respectively. The larger decrease in OFP is driven by a bigger reduction in xylenes (-29 %) and toluene (-28 %) from paint application industries and the road transport sector. By 2030 a significant increase (+37 %) in the OFP from the public electricity sector is expected due to the planned increase in biomass use for power generation. Our results indicate that policies should focus on paint reformulation, limiting aerosol products, and implementing NMVOC control devices in future biomass power plants.", "keywords": ["Anthropogenic emissions", "15. Life on land", "Tropospheric ozone", "7. Clean energy", "01 natural sciences", "Emission control strategies", "Article", "12. Responsible consumption", "\u00c0rees tem\u00e0tiques de la UPC::Desenvolupament hum\u00e0 i sostenible::Enginyeria ambiental", "Atmospheric ozone -- Spain", "OFP Tropospheric ozone", "NMVOC speciation", "OFP", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "Oz\u00f3 atmosf\u00e8ric -- Espanya", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/2117/385368"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/SSRN%20Electronic%20Journal", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2117/385368", "name": "item", "description": "2117/385368", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2117/385368"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1890/06-1819.1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:21:22Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-10-23", "title": "Atmospheric Co2 And O-3 Alter The Flow Of N-15 In Developing Forest Ecosystems", "description": "Anthropogenic O3 and CO2-induced declines in soil N availability could counteract greater plant growth in a CO2-enriched atmosphere, thereby reducing net primary productivity (NPP) and the potential of terrestrial ecosystems to sequester anthropogenic CO2. Presently, it is uncertain how increasing atmospheric CO2 and O3 will alter plant N demand and the acquisition of soil N by plants as well as the microbial supply of N from soil organic matter. To address this uncertainty, we initiated an ecosystem-level 15N tracer experiment at the Rhinelander (Wisconsin, USA) free air CO2-O3 enrichment (FACE) facility to understand how projected increases in atmospheric CO2 and 03 alter the distribution and flow of N in developing northern temperate forests. Tracer amounts of 15NH4+ were applied to the forest floor of developing Populus tremuloides and P. tremuloides-Betula papyrifera communities that have been exposed to factorial CO2 and O3 treatments for seven years. One year after isotope addition, both forest communities exposed to elevated CO2 obtained greater amounts of 15N (29%) and N (40%) from soil, despite no change in soil N availability or plant N-use efficiency. As such, elevated CO2 increased the ability of plants to exploit soil for N, through the development of a larger root system. Conversely, elevated O3 decreased the amount of 15N (-15%) and N (-29%) in both communities, a response resulting from lower rates of photosynthesis, decreases in growth, and smaller root systems that acquired less soil N. Neither CO2 nor 03 altered the amount of N or 15N recovery in the forest floor, microbial biomass, or soil organic matter. Moreover, we observed no interaction between CO2 and 03 on the amount of N or 15N in any ecosystem pool, suggesting that 03 could exert a negative effect regardless of CO2 concentration. In a CO2-enriched atmosphere, greater belowground growth and a more thorough exploitation of soil for growth-limiting N is an important mechanism sustaining the enhancement of NPP in developing forests (0-8 years following establishment). However, as CO2 accumulates in the Earth's atmosphere, future O3 concentrations threaten to diminish the enhancement of plant growth, decrease plant N acquisition, and lessen the storage of anthropogenic C in temperate forests.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Nitrogen", "Science", "Ecology and Evolutionary Biology", "Plant Roots", "01 natural sciences", "forest floor", "Soil", "developing forest", "Wisconsin", "atmospheric O3", "Ozone", "soil organic matter", "Populus tremuloides", "Biomass", "USA", "Ecosystem", "Soil Microbiology", "atmospheric CO2", "Nitrogen Isotopes", "15N", "plant N uptake", "microbial immobilization", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "root system size", "Populus", "N cycling", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Betula papyrifera"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1890/06-1819.1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1890/06-1819.1", "name": "item", "description": "10.1890/06-1819.1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1890/06-1819.1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/bg-15-6941-2018", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:23:25Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-11-21", "title": "Evaluation of simulated ozone effects in forest ecosystems against biomass damage estimates from fumigation experiments", "description": "

Abstract. Regional estimates of the effects of ozone pollution on forest growth depend on the availability of reliable injury functions that estimate a representative ecosystem response to ozone exposure. A number of such injury functions for forest tree species and forest functional types have recently been published and subsequently applied in terrestrial biosphere models to estimate regional or global effects of ozone on forest tree productivity and carbon storage in the living plant biomass. The resulting impacts estimated by these biosphere models show large uncertainty in the magnitude of ozone effects predicted. To understand the role that these injury functions play in determining the variability in estimated ozone impacts, we use the O-CN biosphere model to provide a standardised modelling framework. We test four published injury functions describing the leaf-level, photosynthetic response to ozone exposure (targeting the maximum carboxylation capacity of Rubisco (Vcmax) or net photosynthesis) in terms of their simulated whole-tree biomass responses against data from 23 ozone filtration/fumigation experiments conducted with young trees from European tree species at sites across Europe with a range of climatic conditions. Our results show that none of these previously published injury functions lead to simulated whole-tree biomass reductions in agreement with the observed dose\uffe2\uff80\uff93response relationships derived from these field experiments and instead lead to significant over- or underestimations of the ozone effect. By re-parameterising these photosynthetically based injury functions, we develop linear, plant-functional-type-specific dose\uffe2\uff80\uff93response relationships, which provide accurate simulations of the observed whole-tree biomass response across these 23 experiments.

", "keywords": ["arbre forestier", "plante enti\u00e8re", "550", "croissance v\u00e9g\u00e9tale", "[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]", "fumigation", "pollution atmosph\u00e9rique", "mod\u00e8le de simulation", "01 natural sciences", "333", "ozone effects", "Life", "QH501-531", "m\u00e9thode d'estimation", "QH540-549.5", "\u00e9cosyst\u00e8me forestier", "biomasse v\u00e9g\u00e9tale", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "QE1-996.5", "info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/550", "biomass", "Ecology", "ddc:550", "Geology", "15. Life on land", "fumigation experiments", "[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]", "Earth sciences", "ozone", "13. Climate action", "forest plants"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://bg.copernicus.org/articles/15/6941/2018/bg-15-6941-2018.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6941-2018"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biogeosciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/bg-15-6941-2018", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/bg-15-6941-2018", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/bg-15-6941-2018"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-11-21T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2139/ssrn.4249963", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:21:56Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-10-19", "title": "A New NMVOC Speciated Inventory for a Reactivity-Based Approach to Support Ozone Control Strategies in Spain", "description": "Ozone (O3) pollution is a persistent problem in many regions of Spain, so understanding O3 precursor emissions and trends is essential to design effective control strategies. We estimated the impact of Non-Methane Volatile Organic Compounds (NMVOC) species upon O3 formation potential (OFP) using the maximum incremental reactivity approach. For this, we developed a speciated NMVOC emission inventory for Spain from 2010 to 2019 combining national reported emissions with state-of-the-art speciation profiles, which resulted in a database of emissions for over 900 individual NMVOC species and 153 individual sectors. Additionally, we analysed 2030 emission projections to quantify the expected impact of planned measures on future OFP levels. Overall, the main activities contributing to OFP in Spain are paint manufacturing and applications (20 %), manure management (16 %), and domestic solvent use (6 %). These activities contribute unevenly across regions. The more urbanised areas report a larger contribution from the solvent sector (64 % in Madrid), while in rural areas, manure management and agricultural waste burning gain importance (24 % in Extremadura), indicating that local control measures should be implemented. The top 10 NMVOC species contributing to OFP are ethanol, ethene, xylenes, propene, toluene, formaldehyde, 1,3-butadiene, styrene, n-butane, and cyclopentane, which together are responsible for 54 % of the total OFP. Our trend analysis indicates a reduction of NMVOC emissions and OFP of -5 % and -10 % between 2010 and 2019, respectively. The larger decrease in OFP is driven by a bigger reduction in xylenes (-29 %) and toluene (-28 %) from paint application industries and the road transport sector. By 2030 a significant increase (+37 %) in the OFP from the public electricity sector is expected due to the planned increase in biomass use for power generation. Our results indicate that policies should focus on paint reformulation, limiting aerosol products, and implementing NMVOC control devices in future biomass power plants.", "keywords": ["Anthropogenic emissions", "15. Life on land", "Tropospheric ozone", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "Emission control strategies", "Article", "12. Responsible consumption", "\u00c0rees tem\u00e0tiques de la UPC::Desenvolupament hum\u00e0 i sostenible::Enginyeria ambiental", "Atmospheric ozone -- Spain", "OFP Tropospheric ozone", "NMVOC speciation", "OFP", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "Oz\u00f3 atmosf\u00e8ric -- Espanya", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4249963"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/SSRN%20Electronic%20Journal", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2139/ssrn.4249963", "name": "item", "description": "10.2139/ssrn.4249963", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2139/ssrn.4249963"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/rs14092021", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:22:43Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-04-24", "title": "Impact of Drought on Isoprene Fluxes Assessed Using Field Data, Satellite-Based GLEAM Soil Moisture and HCHO Observations from OMI", "description": "

Biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs), primarily emitted by terrestrial vegetation, are highly reactive and have large effects on the oxidizing potential of the troposphere, air quality and climate. In terms of global emissions, isoprene is the most important BVOC. Droughts bring about changes in the surface emission of biogenic hydrocarbons mainly because plants suffer water stress. Past studies report that the current parameterization in the state-of-the-art Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature (MEGAN) v2.1, which is a function of the soil water content and the permanent wilting point, fails at representing the strong reduction in isoprene emissions observed in field measurements conducted during a severe drought. Since the current algorithm was originally developed based on potted plants, in this study, we update the parameterization in the light of recent ecosystem-scale measurements of isoprene conducted during natural droughts in the central U.S. at the Missouri Ozarks AmeriFlux (MOFLUX) site. The updated parameterization results in stronger reductions in isoprene emissions. Evaluation using satellite formaldehyde (HCHO), a proxy for BVOC emissions, and a chemical-transport model, shows that the adjusted parameterization provides a better agreement between the modelled and observed HCHO temporal variability at local and regional scales in 2011\uffe2\uff80\uff932012, even if it worsens the model agreement in a global, long-term evaluation. We discuss the limitations of the current parameterization, a function of highly uncertain soil properties such as porosity.

", "keywords": ["Isoprene", "Science", "BVOCs; isoprene; formaldehyde; drought; Ozarks; Missouri; MEGAN; GLEAM; OMI", "MEGAN MODEL", "drought", "FORMALDEHYDE COLUMNS", "ENVIRONMENTAL-FACTORS", "01 natural sciences", "CROSS-SECTIONS", "OZONE FORMATION", "Formaldehyde", "BVOCs", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "CLIMATE-CHANGE", "Missouri", "Drought", "Q", "Ozarks", "OMI", "INCREASES THERMOTOLERANCE", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "ORGANIC-COMPOUND EMISSIONS", "13. Climate action", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "TRANSPORT MODEL", "formaldehyde", "MEGAN", "GLEAM", "TROPOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY", "isoprene"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/9/2021/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/9/2021/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14092021"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Remote%20Sensing", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/rs14092021", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/rs14092021", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/rs14092021"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-04-22T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/gmd-18-3265-2025", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:23:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-06-03", "title": "HTAP3 Fires: towards a multi-model, multi-pollutant study of fire impacts", "description": "

Abstract. Open biomass burning has major impacts globally and regionally on atmospheric composition. Fire emissions include particulate matter, tropospheric ozone precursors, and greenhouse gases, as well as persistent organic pollutants, mercury, and other metals. Fire frequency, intensity, duration, and location are changing as the climate warms, and modelling these fires and their impacts is becoming more and more critical to inform climate adaptation and mitigation, as well as land management. Indeed, the air pollution from fires can reverse the progress made by emission controls on industry and transportation. At the same time, nearly all aspects of fire modelling \u2013 such as emissions, plume injection height, long-range transport, and plume chemistry \u2013 are highly uncertain. This paper outlines a multi-model, multi-pollutant, multi-regional study to improve the understanding of the uncertainties and variability in fire atmospheric science, models, and fires' impacts, in addition to providing quantitative estimates of the air pollution and radiative impacts of biomass burning. Coordinated under the auspices of the Task Force on Hemispheric Transport of Air Pollution, the international atmospheric modelling and fire science communities are working towards the common goal of improving global fire modelling and using this multi-model experiment to provide estimates of fire pollution for impact studies. This paper outlines the research needs, opportunities, and options for the fire-focused multi-model experiments and provides guidance for these modelling experiments, outputs, and analyses that are to be pursued over the next 3\u00a0to 5\u00a0years. The paper proposes a plan for delivering specific products at key points over this period to meet important milestones relevant to science and policy audiences.

", "keywords": ["QE1-996.5", "\u00c0rees tem\u00e0tiques de la UPC::Desenvolupament hum\u00e0 i sostenible::Degradaci\u00f3 ambiental::Canvi clim\u00e0tic", "Atmospheric composition", "Air pollution", "Geology", "Sediment transport", "Southeast atlantic", "15. Life on land", "Tropospheric ozone", "7. Clean energy", "Fires", "Reactive nitrogen", "Impact studies", "Surface ozone", "13. Climate action", "Air-quality", "11. Sustainability", "Open biomass burning", "SDG 13 - Climate Action", "\u00c0rees tem\u00e0tiques de la UPC::Enginyeria qu\u00edmica::Qu\u00edmica del medi ambient::Qu\u00edmica atmosf\u00e8rica", "Biomass-burning aerosol", "Wild-land fires", "\u00c0rees tem\u00e0tiques de la UPC::Desenvolupament hum\u00e0 i sostenible::Degradaci\u00f3 ambiental::Contaminaci\u00f3 atmosf\u00e8rica", "Particulate matter", "Health impacts"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-3265-2025"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoscientific%20Model%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/gmd-18-3265-2025", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/gmd-18-3265-2025", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/gmd-18-3265-2025"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-08-28T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10234/136665", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:26:44Z", "type": "Report", "title": "Eliminaci\u00f3n de contaminantes emergentes en aguas residuales mediante oxidaci\u00f3n avanzada con ozono y ultrasonidos", "description": "Algunos contaminantes emergentes, principalmente f\u00e1rmacos de diferentes clases as\u00ed como drogas de abuso, pueden estar presentes en las aguas residuales urbanas, no siendo posible su eliminaci\u00f3n mediante las t\u00e9cnicas convencionales de depuraci\u00f3n. Se ha realizado un estudio en planta piloto en dos estaciones depuradoras de aguas residuales (EDAR), Font de la Pedra (Muro de Alcoy) y Molina de Segura (Murcia), con el fin de determinar la eficacia de eliminaci\u00f3n de ciertos contaminantes emergentes mediante un tratamiento terciario de oxidaci\u00f3n avanzada con ozono. Removal of emerging pollutants in sewage water subjected to advanced oxidation with ozone and ultrasound Emergent pollutants, mainly pharmaceuticals from different therapeutically classes and drugs of abuse, can be presents in urban sewage water, being not effective removed through conventional sewage water treatments. The objectives of this study, conducted at a modular mobile pilot plant in two different WWTP: Font de la Pedra STP (Muro de Alcoy) and Molina de Segura STP (Murcia), were the determination and the comparison between the removal efficiency of those contaminants through the conventional sewage water treatments, and with a tertiary treatment applied consisting on Advanced oxidation processes (AOP) based on ozone treatments, and ultrasounds.", "keywords": ["ozone", "advanced oxidation process", "Emerging pollutants", "ultrasound", "oxidaci\u00f3n avanzada", "ultrasonidos", "sewage water", "Contaminantes emergentes", "agua residual", "ozono"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Abell\u00e1n Soler, Manuel, Lard\u00edn Mifsut, Carlos, Morales Cavero, Eduardo, Pastor Alca\u00f1iz, Laura, Mart\u00ednez Muro, Juan Luis, Santos Asensi, Jos\u00e9 Mar\u00eda, Ib\u00e1\u00f1ez, Maria, Hernandez, Felix,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10234/136665"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10234/136665", "name": "item", "description": "10234/136665", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10234/136665"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10578/43055", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:27:02Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-03-13", "title": "Intensification of peroxone production through the paired generation of hydrogen peroxide and ozone in a continuous flow electrochemical reactor", "description": "The paired electrochemical production of ozone and hydrogen peroxide is evaluated in a novel 3-D printed electrochemical cell in which the oxidants produced are tested in the removal of fluoxetine hydrochloride (FLX). To properly pair the anodic production of ozone and the cathodic production of hydrogen peroxide in the same cell, that is, with the same intensity in anode and cathode, an innovative composite 3-D gas diffusion cathode was used to decrease the current density (by increasing the effective cathode surface area) in the cathodic compartment, attaining soft operation conditions in this compartment. Meanwhile, a grid DIACHEM\u00ae lattice BDD was used in the anode to increase the harsh oxidative conditions in the anodic compartment. The results confirm the viability of pairing both processes. Current intensity positively affects the production of ozone and, less importantly, the production of hydrogen peroxide (because the current efficiency decreases with the intensity), with the contribution of electrolytes containing sulfate and bicarbonates being evaluated in the search of greener processes. The oxidants produced were dosed to solutions containing FLX confirming that the addition of both products (electro-peroxone process) attains a significant improvement in the removal of FLX, which was explained in terms of promoting radical mechanisms for ozone oxidation (peroxone reagent).", "keywords": ["Ozone", "Advanced oxidation processes", "Peroxone", "Electrochemical treatment", "Hydrogen peroxide", "Process integration"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10578/43055"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Electrochimica%20Acta", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10578/43055", "name": "item", "description": "10578/43055", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10578/43055"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "11250/3202867", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:27:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-06-03", "title": "HTAP3 Fires: towards a multi-model, multi-pollutant study of fire impacts", "description": "

Abstract. Open biomass burning has major impacts globally and regionally on atmospheric composition. Fire emissions include particulate matter, tropospheric ozone precursors, and greenhouse gases, as well as persistent organic pollutants, mercury, and other metals. Fire frequency, intensity, duration, and location are changing as the climate warms, and modelling these fires and their impacts is becoming more and more critical to inform climate adaptation and mitigation, as well as land management. Indeed, the air pollution from fires can reverse the progress made by emission controls on industry and transportation. At the same time, nearly all aspects of fire modelling \u2013 such as emissions, plume injection height, long-range transport, and plume chemistry \u2013 are highly uncertain. This paper outlines a multi-model, multi-pollutant, multi-regional study to improve the understanding of the uncertainties and variability in fire atmospheric science, models, and fires' impacts, in addition to providing quantitative estimates of the air pollution and radiative impacts of biomass burning. Coordinated under the auspices of the Task Force on Hemispheric Transport of Air Pollution, the international atmospheric modelling and fire science communities are working towards the common goal of improving global fire modelling and using this multi-model experiment to provide estimates of fire pollution for impact studies. This paper outlines the research needs, opportunities, and options for the fire-focused multi-model experiments and provides guidance for these modelling experiments, outputs, and analyses that are to be pursued over the next 3\u00a0to 5\u00a0years. The paper proposes a plan for delivering specific products at key points over this period to meet important milestones relevant to science and policy audiences.

", "keywords": ["Air pollution", "biomass burning Emissionen Klima Luftqualit\u00e4t", "Tropospheric ozone", "7. Clean energy", "Fires", "Surface ozone", "11. Sustainability", "SDG 13 - Climate Action", "\u00c0rees tem\u00e0tiques de la UPC::Enginyeria qu\u00edmica::Qu\u00edmica del medi ambient::Qu\u00edmica atmosf\u00e8rica", "QE1-996.5", "\u00c0rees tem\u00e0tiques de la UPC::Desenvolupament hum\u00e0 i sostenible::Degradaci\u00f3 ambiental::Canvi clim\u00e0tic", "Atmospheric composition", "Geology", "Sediment transport", "Southeast atlantic", "15. Life on land", "Reactive nitrogen", "Impact studies", "13. Climate action", "Air-quality", "Open biomass burning", "Biomass-burning aerosol", "Wild-land fires", "\u00c0rees tem\u00e0tiques de la UPC::Desenvolupament hum\u00e0 i sostenible::Degradaci\u00f3 ambiental::Contaminaci\u00f3 atmosf\u00e8rica", "Particulate matter", "Health impacts"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/11250/3202867"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoscientific%20Model%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "11250/3202867", "name": "item", "description": "11250/3202867", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/11250/3202867"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-08-28T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2117/419477", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:27:55Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-06-21", "title": "On the uncertainty of anthropogenic aromatic volatile organic compound emissions: model evaluation and sensitivity analysis", "description": "

Abstract. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) significantly impact air quality and atmospheric chemistry, influencing ozone formation and secondary organic aerosol production. Despite their importance, the uncertainties associated with representing VOCs in atmospheric emission inventories are considerable. This work presents a spatiotemporal assessment and evaluation of benzene, toluene, and xylene (BTX) emissions and concentrations in Spain by combining bottom-up emissions, air quality modelling techniques, and ground-based observations. The emissions produced by High-Elective Resolution Modelling Emission System (HERMESv3) were used as input to the Multiscale Online Nonhydrostatic AtmospheRe CHemistry (MONARCH) chemical transport model to simulate surface concentrations across Spain. Comparing modelled and observed levels revealed uncertainty in the anthropogenic emissions, which were further explored through sensitivity tests. The largest levels of observed benzene and xylene were found in industrial sites near coke ovens, refineries, and car manufacturing facilities, where the modelling results show large underestimations. Official emissions reported for these facilities were replaced by alternative estimates, resulting in varied improvements in the model's performance across different stations. However, uncertainties associated with industrial emission processes persist, emphasising the need for further refinement. For toluene, consistent overestimations in background stations were mainly related to uncertainties in the spatial disaggregation of emissions from industrial-use solvent activities, mainly wood paint applications. Observed benzene levels in Barcelona's urban traffic areas were 5\u00a0times larger than the ones observed in Madrid. MONARCH failed to reproduce the observed gradient between the two cities due to uncertainties arising from estimating emissions from motorcycles and mopeds, as well as from different measurement methods and the model's capacity to accurately simulate meteorological conditions. Our results are constrained by the spatial and temporal coverage of available BTX observations, posing a key challenge in evaluating the spatial distribution of modelled levels and associated emissions.

", "keywords": ["Aerosols", "Atmospheric chemistry", "550", "Physics", "QC1-999", "Xylene", "VOCs", "Benzene", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "\u00c0rees tem\u00e0tiques de la UPC::Desenvolupament hum\u00e0 i sostenible::Enginyeria ambiental", "Chemistry", "Ozone", "13. Climate action", "Air quality", "11. Sustainability", "Volatile organic compounds", "QD1-999", "Toluene", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/2117/419477"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Atmospheric%20Chemistry%20and%20Physics", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2117/419477", "name": "item", "description": "2117/419477", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2117/419477"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-06-21T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2117/430875", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:27:55Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-06-03", "title": "HTAP3 Fires: towards a multi-model, multi-pollutant study of fire impacts", "description": "

Abstract. Open biomass burning has major impacts globally and regionally on atmospheric composition. Fire emissions include particulate matter, tropospheric ozone precursors, and greenhouse gases, as well as persistent organic pollutants, mercury, and other metals. Fire frequency, intensity, duration, and location are changing as the climate warms, and modelling these fires and their impacts is becoming more and more critical to inform climate adaptation and mitigation, as well as land management. Indeed, the air pollution from fires can reverse the progress made by emission controls on industry and transportation. At the same time, nearly all aspects of fire modelling \u2013 such as emissions, plume injection height, long-range transport, and plume chemistry \u2013 are highly uncertain. This paper outlines a multi-model, multi-pollutant, multi-regional study to improve the understanding of the uncertainties and variability in fire atmospheric science, models, and fires' impacts, in addition to providing quantitative estimates of the air pollution and radiative impacts of biomass burning. Coordinated under the auspices of the Task Force on Hemispheric Transport of Air Pollution, the international atmospheric modelling and fire science communities are working towards the common goal of improving global fire modelling and using this multi-model experiment to provide estimates of fire pollution for impact studies. This paper outlines the research needs, opportunities, and options for the fire-focused multi-model experiments and provides guidance for these modelling experiments, outputs, and analyses that are to be pursued over the next 3\u00a0to 5\u00a0years. The paper proposes a plan for delivering specific products at key points over this period to meet important milestones relevant to science and policy audiences.

", "keywords": ["Air pollution", "biomass burning Emissionen Klima Luftqualit\u00e4t", "Tropospheric ozone", "7. Clean energy", "Fires", "Surface ozone", "11. Sustainability", "SDG 13 - Climate Action", "\u00c0rees tem\u00e0tiques de la UPC::Enginyeria qu\u00edmica::Qu\u00edmica del medi ambient::Qu\u00edmica atmosf\u00e8rica", "QE1-996.5", "\u00c0rees tem\u00e0tiques de la UPC::Desenvolupament hum\u00e0 i sostenible::Degradaci\u00f3 ambiental::Canvi clim\u00e0tic", "Atmospheric composition", "Geology", "Sediment transport", "Southeast atlantic", "15. Life on land", "Reactive nitrogen", "Impact studies", "13. Climate action", "Air-quality", "Open biomass burning", "Biomass-burning aerosol", "Wild-land fires", "\u00c0rees tem\u00e0tiques de la UPC::Desenvolupament hum\u00e0 i sostenible::Degradaci\u00f3 ambiental::Contaminaci\u00f3 atmosf\u00e8rica", "Particulate matter", "Health impacts"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/2117/430875"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoscientific%20Model%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2117/430875", "name": "item", "description": "2117/430875", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2117/430875"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-08-28T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "3001301426", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:28:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-01-23", "title": "Tertiary treatment of real abattoir wastewater using combined acoustic cavitation and ozonation", "description": "Open AccessThis work reports the influence of ultrasound alone and combined with ozone for the treatment of real abattoir wastewater. Three different frequencies were studied(44, 300 and 1000 kHz) at an applied power of 40 W. The injected ozone dose was fixed at 71 mg/L and the treatment time varied from 1 to 60 min. Using ultrasound alone, 300 kHz was the only frequency showing a reduction in chemical oxygen demand (COD, 18% reduction) and biological oxygen demand (BOD, 50% reduction), while no diminution in microbial content was measured for any of the frequencies studied. Combining ultrasound with ozone, on the contrary, led to a significant decrease in COD (44%) and BOD (78%) removal for the three frequencies under study. A complete inactivation of total coliforms (TC) was obtained, as well as a final value of 99 CFU/mL in total viable counts (TVC, 5 log reduction). That is, the ozonation-sonication combined system was the only treatment method (compared to sonication and ozonation alone) reaching direct discharge limits, as well as meeting drinking water standards for microbial disinfection (TC and TVC)", "keywords": ["Sonication", "Ozone", "Hydroxyl Radical", "500", "Wastewater", "Waste Disposal", " Fluid", "01 natural sciences", "Abattoirs", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/3001301426"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ultrasonics%20Sonochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "3001301426", "name": "item", "description": "3001301426", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/3001301426"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "32044683", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:28:45Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-01-23", "title": "Tertiary treatment of real abattoir wastewater using combined acoustic cavitation and ozonation", "description": "Open AccessThis work reports the influence of ultrasound alone and combined with ozone for the treatment of real abattoir wastewater. Three different frequencies were studied(44, 300 and 1000 kHz) at an applied power of 40 W. The injected ozone dose was fixed at 71 mg/L and the treatment time varied from 1 to 60 min. Using ultrasound alone, 300 kHz was the only frequency showing a reduction in chemical oxygen demand (COD, 18% reduction) and biological oxygen demand (BOD, 50% reduction), while no diminution in microbial content was measured for any of the frequencies studied. Combining ultrasound with ozone, on the contrary, led to a significant decrease in COD (44%) and BOD (78%) removal for the three frequencies under study. A complete inactivation of total coliforms (TC) was obtained, as well as a final value of 99 CFU/mL in total viable counts (TVC, 5 log reduction). That is, the ozonation-sonication combined system was the only treatment method (compared to sonication and ozonation alone) reaching direct discharge limits, as well as meeting drinking water standards for microbial disinfection (TC and TVC)", "keywords": ["Sonication", "Ozone", "Hydroxyl Radical", "500", "Wastewater", "Waste Disposal", " Fluid", "01 natural sciences", "Abattoirs", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/32044683"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ultrasonics%20Sonochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "32044683", "name": "item", "description": "32044683", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/32044683"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "e43ec245-8c6d-4c17-8818-a4ed96d290dd", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[15.8, 43.11], [15.8, 51.0], [27.33, 51.0], [27.33, 43.11], [15.8, 43.11]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "environment"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Hungary"}, {"id": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "Serbia"}, {"id": "Czechia"}, {"id": "Romania"}, {"id": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "Poland"}], "scheme": "Continents, countries, sea regions of the world."}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Biodiversity"}, {"id": "Forests and forestry"}, {"id": "Nature protection and restoration"}, {"id": "Land use"}], "scheme": "EEA topics"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "inventory"}, {"id": "forest conservation"}, {"id": "land use"}, {"id": "forest ecosystem"}, {"id": "land cover"}, {"id": "forest biodiversity"}, {"id": "forest"}, {"id": "ecological parameter"}, {"id": "species"}, {"id": "mountain ecosystem"}, {"id": "biogeographical region"}, {"id": "ecozone"}], "scheme": "GEMET"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Species distribution"}, {"id": "Land cover"}], "scheme": "http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/theme"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Regional"}], "scheme": "Spatial scope"}, {"concepts": [], "scheme": "Temporal resolution"}], "updated": "2024-01-15T16:11:58.644Z", "type": "Dataset", "language": "eng", "title": "Carpathian Environment Outlook (KEO)", "description": "This data has been developed to support the Carpathians Environment Outlook (KEO) on forest coverage. The area covered within these boundaries includes part of EU countries, Czechia, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, an EEA cooperative countries, Serbia and Ukraine. 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It consists of the area, extended with a 50 km buffer zone, identified in the Carpathian Environment Outlook (KEO) described in the 2010 EEA Report No 6/2010 \"Europe\u00b4s ecological backbone: recognising the true value of our mountains\" (https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/europes-ecological-backbone).\nThe area covered within these boundaries includes part of EU countries, Czechia, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, an EEA cooperative countries, Serbia and Ukraine. 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