Soil moisture is among the most important factors regulating soil biodiversity and functioning. Models forecast changes in the precipitation regime in many areas of the planet, but how these changes will influence soil functioning, and how biotic drivers modulate such effects, is far from being understood. We evaluated the responses of C and N fluxes, and soil microbial properties to different soil water regimes in soils from the main three ecotypes of the world's largest and most diverse tropical savanna. Further, we explored the direct and indirect effects of changes in the ecotype and soil water regimes on these key soil processes. Soils from the woodland savanna showed a better nutritional status than the other ecotypes, as well as higher potential N cycling rates, N2O emissions, and soil bacterial abundance but lower bacterial richness, whereas potential CO2 emissions and CH4 uptake peaked in the intermediate savanna. The ecotype also modulated the effects of changes in the soil water regime on nutrient cycling, greenhouse gas fluxes, and soil bacterial properties, with more intense responses in the intermediate savanna. Further, we highlight the existence of multiple contrasting direct and indirect (via soil microbes and abiotic properties) effects of an intensification of the precipitation regime on soil C- and N-related processes. Our results confirm that ecotype is a fundamental driver of soil properties and functioning in the Cerrado and that it can determine the responses of key soil processes to changes in the soil water regime.Herbivores can exert major controls over biogeochemical cycling. As invertebrates are highly sensitive to temperature shifts (ectothermal), the abundances of insects in high\uffe2\uff80\uff90latitude systems, where climate warming is rapid, is expected to increase. In subarctic mountain birch forests, research has focussed on geometrid moth outbreaks, while the contribution of background insect herbivory (BIH) to elemental cycling is poorly constrained. In northern Sweden, we estimated BIH along 9 elevational gradients distributed across a gradient in regional elevation, temperature, and precipitation to allow evaluation of consistency in local versus regional variation. We converted foliar loss via BIH to fluxes of C, nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) from the birch canopy to the soil to compare with other relevant soil inputs of the same elements and assessed different abiotic and biotic drivers of the observed variability. We found that leaf area loss due to BIH was ~1.6% on average. This is comparable to estimates from tundra, but considerably lower than ecosystems at lower latitudes. The C, N, and P fluxes from canopy to soil associated with BIH were 1\uffe2\uff80\uff932 orders of magnitude lower than the soil input from senesced litter and external nutrient sources such as biological N fixation, atmospheric deposition of N, and P weathering estimated from the literature. Despite the minor contribution to overall elemental cycling in subarctic birch forests, the higher quality and earlier timing of the input of herbivore deposits to soils compared to senesced litter may make this contribution disproportionally important for various ecosystem functions. BIH increased significantly with leaf N content as well as local elevation along each transect, yet showed no significant relationship with temperature or humidity, nor the commonly used temperature proxy, absolute elevation. The lack of consistency between the local and regional elevational trends calls for caution when using elevation gradients as climate proxies.Climate change exposes ecosystems to strong and rapid changes in their environmental boundary conditions mainly due to the altered temperature and precipitation patterns. It is still poorly understood how fast interlinked ecosystem processes respond to altered environmental conditions, if these responses occur gradually or suddenly when thresholds are exceeded, and if the patterns of the responses will reach a stable state. We conducted an irrigation experiment in the Pfynwald, Switzerland from 2003\uffe2\uff80\uff932018. A naturally dry Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) forest was irrigated with amounts that doubled natural precipitation, thus releasing the forest stand from water limitation. The aim of this study was to provide a quantitative understanding on how different traits and functions of individual trees and the whole ecosystem responded to increased water availability, and how the patterns and magnitudes of these responses developed over time. We found that the response magnitude, the temporal trajectory of responses, and the length of initial lag period prior to significant response largely varied across traits. We detected rapid and stronger responses from aboveground tree traits (e.g., tree\uffe2\uff80\uff90ring width, needle length, and crown transparency) compared to belowground tree traits (e.g., fine\uffe2\uff80\uff90root biomass). The altered aboveground traits during the initial years of irrigation increased the water demand and trees adjusted by increasing root biomass during the later years of irrigation, resulting in an increased survival rate of Scots pine trees in irrigated plots. The irrigation also stimulated ecosystem\uffe2\uff80\uff90level foliar decomposition rate, fungal fruit body biomass, and regeneration abundances of broadleaved tree species. However, irrigation did not promote the regeneration of Scots pine trees, which are reported to be vulnerable to extreme droughts. Our results provide extensive evidence that tree\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and ecosystem\uffe2\uff80\uff90level responses were pervasive across a number of traits on long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term temporal scales. However, after reaching a peak, the magnitude of these responses either decreased or reached a new stable state, providing important insights into how resource alterations could change the system functioning and its boundary conditions.The impacts of invasive plant control on native animals are rarely evaluated. Using data from an eight\uffe2\uff80\uff90year study in southeastern Australia, we quantified the effects on native bird, mammal, and reptile species of (1) the abundance of the invasive Bitou Bush, Chrysanthemoides monilifera ssp. rotundata, and (2) a Bitou Bush control program, which involved repeated herbicide spraying interspersed with prescribed burning. We found that overall species richness of birds, mammals, and reptiles and the majority of individual vertebrate species were unresponsive to Bitou Bush cover and the number of plants. Two species including the nationally endangered Eastern Bristlebird (Dasyurus brachypterus) responded positively to measures of native vegetation cover following the control of Bitou Bush. Analyses of the effects of different components of the treatment protocol employed to control Bitou Bush revealed (1) no negative effects of spraying on vertebrate species richness; (2) negative effects of spraying on only one individual species (Scarlet Honeyeater); and (3) lower bird species richness but higher reptile species richness after fire. The occupancy of most individual vertebrates species was unaffected by burning; four species responded negatively and one positively to fire. Our study indicated that actions to remove Bitou Bush generally have few negative impacts on native vertebrates. We therefore suggest that controlling this highly invasive exotic plant species has only very limited negative impacts on vertebrate biota.
", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "weed control", "570", "Secondary effects", "off-target impacts", "animal response to weed control", "Indirect impacts", "Fire management", "590", "Non-target impacts", "herbicide impact on animals", "Herbicide impact on animals", "01 natural sciences", "invasive alien plant management", "fire management", "indirect impacts", "14. Life underwater", "non-target impacts", "Invasive alien plant management", "weed management impacts", "Animal response to weed control", "Bitou Bush", "580", "secondary effects", "Weed management impacts", "15. Life on land", "Weed control", "Off-target impacts", "3. Good health", "13. Climate action"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/407435/1/Lindenmayer_et_al_2017_Ecopshere.pdf"}, {"href": "https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/244051/3/01_Lindenmayer_Non-target_impacts_of_weed_2017.pdf.jpg"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1804"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecosphere", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/ecs2.1804", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/ecs2.1804", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/ecs2.1804"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2023.108777", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:15:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-10-25", "title": "Distribution of soil organic carbon between particulate and mineral-associated fractions as affected by biochar and its co-application with other amendments", "description": "Open AccessPeer reviewed", "keywords": ["EXAFS", "Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts", "550", "Long-term experiment", "Iron oxide", "628", "Physical fractionation", "Organo-mineral interactions", "Compost", "Organo-mineral interaction", "Iron oxides", "Long-term experiment", " Iron oxides", " Organo-mineral interactions", " Physical fractionation", " EXAFS", " Compost"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://iris.univr.it/bitstream/11562/1110866/2/Agr%20Ecos%20Environ%2c%202024%20-%20Distribution%20of%20SOC%20between%20POM%20and%20MAOM%20fractions.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2023.108777"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2023.108777", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2023.108777", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2023.108777"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/978-94-007-0394-0_20", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:14:21Z", "created": "2011-02-08", "title": "Biofuels, Greenhouse Gases And Climate Change", "description": "Biofuels are fuels produced from biomass, mostly in liquid form, within a time frame sufficiently short to consider that their feedstock (biomass) can be renewed, contrarily to fossil fuels. This paper reviews the current and future biofuel technologies, and their development impacts (including on the climate) within given policy and economic frameworks. Current technologies make it possible to provide first generation biodiesel, ethanol or biogas to the transport sector to be blended with fossil fuels. Still under-development 2nd generation biofuels from lignocellulose should be available on the market by 2020. Research is active on the improvement of their conversion efficiency. A ten-fold increase compared with current cost-effective capacities would make them highly competitive. Within bioenergy policies, emphasis has been put on biofuels for transportation as this sector is fast-growing and represents a major source of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. Compared with fossil fuels, biofuel combustion can emit less greenhouse gases throughout their life cycle, considering that part of the emitted returns to the atmosphere where it was fixed from by photosynthesis in the first place. Life cycle assessment (LCA) is commonly used to assess the potential environmental impacts of biofuel chains, notably the impact on global warming. This tool, whose holistic nature is fundamental to avoid pollution trade-offs, is a standardised methodology that should make comparisons between biofuel and fossil fuel chains objective and thorough. However, it is a complex and time-consuming process, which requires lots of data, and whose methodology is still lacking harmonisation. Hence the life-cycle performances of biofuel chains vary widely in the literature. Furthermore, LCA is a site- and time- independent tool that cannot take into account the spatial and temporal dimensions of emissions, and can hardly serve as a decision-making tool either at local or regional levels. Focusing on greenhouse gases, emission factors used in LCAs give a rough estimate of the potential average emissions on a national level. However, they do not take into account the types of crop, soil or management practices, for instance. Modelling the impact of local factors on the determinism of greenhouse gas emissions can provide better estimates for LCA on the local level, which would be the relevant scale and degree of reliability for decision-making purposes. Nevertheless, a deeper understanding of the processes involved, most notably emissions, is still needed to definitely improve the accuracy of LCA. Perennial crops are a promising option for biofuels, due to their rapid and efficient use of nitrogen, and their limited farming operations. However, the main overall limiting factor to biofuel development will ultimately be land availability. Given the available land areas, population growth rate and consumption behaviours, it would be possible to reach by 2030 a global 10% biofuel share in the transport sector, contributing to lower global greenhouse gas emissions by up to (IEA, 2006), provided that harmonised policies ensure that sustainability criteria for the production systems are respected worldwide. Furthermore, policies should also be more integrative across sectors, so that changes in energy efficiency, the automotive sector and global consumption patterns converge towards drastic reduction of the pressure on resources. Indeed, neither biofuels nor other energy source or carriers are likely to mitigate the impacts of anthropogenic pressure on resources in a range that would compensate for this pressure growth. Hence, the first step is to reduce this pressure by starting from the variable that drives it up, i.e. anthropic consumptions.", "keywords": ["effet de serre", "BIOFUELS;ENERGY CROPS;PERENNIALS;LCA;GREENHOUSE GASES;CLIMATE CHANGE;POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC FRAMEWORKS;BIOENERGY POTENTIAL;LAND-USE CHANGE;NITROUS OXIDE;CARBON DIOXIDE;AGRICULTURAL PRATICES \u00a0;AGRONOMIE;", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "7. Clean energy", "12. Responsible consumption", "dioxyde de carbone", "11. Sustainability", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "biomasse", "pratique culturale", "\u00e9nergie", "2. Zero hunger", "changement climatique", "oxyde nitreux", "gaz trace", "\u00e9mission", "Agricultural sciences", "flux", "culture \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique", "cycle de vie", "biocarburant", "13. Climate action", "politique \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique", "impact sur l'environnement", "Sciences agricoles"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0394-0_20"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/978-94-007-0394-0_20", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/978-94-007-0394-0_20", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/978-94-007-0394-0_20"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2013.06.025", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:15:50Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-07-31", "title": "Land Use And Management Effects On Soil Organic Matter Fractions In Rhodic Ferralsols And Haplic Arenosols In Bindura And Shamva Districts Of Zimbabwe", "description": "Abstract Soil organic carbon (SOC) is a major attribute of soil quality that responds to land management activities which is also important in the regulation of global carbon (C) cycling. This study evaluated bulk soil C and nitrogen (N) contents and C and N dynamics in three soil organic matter (SOM) fractions separated by density. The study was based on three tillage systems on farmer managed experiments (conventional tillage (CT), ripping (RP), direct seeding (DS)) and adjacent natural forest (NF) in Haplic Arenosols (sandy) and Rhodic Ferralsols (clayey) of Zimbabwe. Carbon stocks were significantly larger in forests than tillage systems, being significantly lower in sandy soils (15 and 14\u00a0Mg\u00a0C\u00a0ha\u2212\u00a01) than clayey soils (23 and 21\u00a0Mg\u00a0C\u00a0ha\u2212\u00a01) at 0\u201310 and 10\u201330\u00a0cm respectively. Nitrogen content followed the same trend. At the 0\u201310\u00a0cm depth, SOC stocks increased under CT, RP and DS by 0.10, 0.24, 0.36\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha\u2212\u00a01\u00a0yr\u2212\u00a01 and 0.76, 0.54, 0.10\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha\u2212\u00a01\u00a0yr\u2212\u00a01 on sandy and clayey soils respectively over a four year period while N stocks decreased by 0.55, 0.40, 0.56\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha\u2212\u00a01 and 0.63, 0.65, 0.55\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha\u2212\u00a01 respectively. SOM fractions were dominated by mineral associated heavy fraction (MaHF) which accounted for 86\u201393% and 94\u201398% on sandy and clayey soils respectively. Tillage systems on sandy soils had the smallest average free light fraction (fLF) and occluded light fraction (oLF) C stocks (25.3\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.3 g m\u2212\u00a02 and 7.3\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.2\u00a0g\u00a0m\u2212\u00a02) at 0\u201330\u00a0cm when compared with corresponding NF (58.4\u00a0\u00b1\u00a04 g\u00a0m2 and 18.5\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.0\u00a0g\u00a0m\u2212\u00a02). Clayey soils, had the opposite, having all fLF C and N in tillage systems being higher (80.9\u00a0\u00b1\u00a012\u00a0g\u00a0C m\u2212\u00a02 and 2.7\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.4\u00a0g\u00a0N\u00a0m\u2212\u00a02) than NF (57.4\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02.0\u00a0g\u00a0C\u00a0m\u2212\u00a02 and 2.4\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.3\u00a0g\u00a0N\u00a0m\u2212\u00a02). Results suggest that oLF and MaHF C and N are better protected under DS and RP where they are less vulnerable to mineralisation while fLF contributes more in CT. Thus, DS and RP can be important in maintaining and improving soil quality although their practicability can be hampered by unsupportive institutional frameworks. Under prevailing climatic and management conditions, improvement of residue retention could be a major factor that can distinguish the potential of different management practices for C sequestration. The exploitation of the benefits of RP or DS and the corresponding sustainability of systems need support for surface cover retention which should also be extended to conventional tillage.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "pools", "microbial biomass", "assessment", "no-tillage", "dynamics", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "term changes", "carbon sequestration", "stabilization", "soil organic carbon", "conservation agriculture", "soil organic matter", "tillage", "impact", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "climate", "density fractions", "agriculture"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2013.06.025"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2013.06.025", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2013.06.025", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2013.06.025"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.15454/J9H4BS", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:18:23Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Donn\u00e9es de r\u00e9plication pour\u00a0: Biogeography of soil bacteria and archaea across France", "description": "These data concern the study 'Biogeography of soil bacteria and archaea across France' Karimi B, Terrat S, Dequiedt S, Saby NPA, Horrigue W, Leli\u00e8vre M, Nowak V, Jolivet C, Arrouays D, Wincker P, Cruaud C, Bispo A, Maron PA, Bour\u00e9 NCP, Ranjard L. Sci Adv. 2018 Jul 4;4(7):eaat1808. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aat1808 and is based on data from the RMQS program (French Soil Quality Monitoring Network). The French Soil Quality Monitoring Network (RMQS) is a national program for the assessment and long-term monitoring of the quality of French soils. This network is based on the monitoring of 2240 sites representative of French soils and their land use. These sites are spread over the whole French territory (metropolitan and overseas) along a systematic square grid of 16 km x 16 km cells. The network covers a broad spectrum of climatic, soil and land-use conditions (croplands, permanent grasslands, woodlands, orchards and vineyards, natural or scarcely anthropogenic land and urban parkland). The physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil are measured on each site. These soil analyses were carried out by the Soil Analysis Laboratory of INRAE (Arras, France). The spatial and temporal variability of soil properties are explained by biophysical variables, sources of contamination, history of land-use and management practices on each plot. The first sampling campaign in metropolitan France took place from 2000 to 2009 and the second campaign has begun in 2016. At each site, 25 core samples were taken by layer with an auger within a 20 m \u00d7 20 m plot and combined into a composite sample. Analyses used in this study only concern the surface layer (generally 0\u201330 cm layer) of samplings from the first campaign in metropolitan France. The dataset published contains all the raw data used in the statistical analysis in order to make them available for any further study. The table contains soil properties, observations on land use, and coordinates. We warn the user that coordinates published here are not the right coordinates, the RMQS site can be located until 1 km around this point. Real coordinates can not be made publicly available because of confidential information.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "silt", "Earth and Environmental Science", "cation exchange capacity", "Evapotranspiration", "Soils and soil sciences", "pH", "land use", "clay", "sand", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "soil", "air temperature", "soil organic carbon", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "Land Use", "Soil Sciences", "calcium carbonate", "phosphorus content", "Environmental Research", "Natural Sciences", "Geosciences", "altitude"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Saby, Nicolas, Boulonne, Line, Rati\u00e9, C\u00e9line, Arrouays, Dominique, Chenu, Jean-Philippe, Toutain, Beno\u00eet, Bispo, Antonio, Jolivet, Claudy,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.15454/J9H4BS"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.15454/J9H4BS", "name": "item", "description": "10.15454/J9H4BS", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.15454/J9H4BS"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "AFC47F2E-43ED-42AA-8EBB-85FCD47FA1D7", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:24:23Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Soil Regions of the European Union and Adjacent Countries 1:5,000,000 (WMS)", "description": "The map of the \"Soil Regions of the European Union and Adjacent Countries 1:5,000,000 (Version 2.0)\" is published by the Federal Institute of Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR), in partnership with the Joint Research Center (JRC, Ispra). The soil regions map is intended to support the current national mapping activities towards a European 1:250,000 datbase by stratifying similar regional soil associations into a hierarchical concept. Only by stratification, the complexity of soils can be systematically structured so that the complex 1:250,000 legend can be handled in cross-national and contintental-level applications. Soil regions are natural, cross-regional soil geographical units which perform the highest spatial and content-based aggregation of European soils. They represent the frame conditions for soil development at the landscape level. The soil regions are presented at scale 1:5,000,000. Thus, its borders are highly generalized. Because of its low resolution, the map units absorb atypical soils and associations of soils, which are only described in higher resolution soil maps. The delineation of the soil regions is expected to be refined (and probably improved by its content) during the actual 1:250,000 mapping process. Thus, updating can be expected in the future. Currently, the soil regions map is the only graphical soil representation in Europe which has been developed using fully comparable and harmonized basic data at the continental level (climate, hydrography, relief, geology, vegetation): the interpretation of this input data, and the utilization of expert knowledge (including the interpretation of regional soil maps) has been done using one common methodology, developed and applied consistently throughout the whole mapping area by an experienced international soil mapper (Dr. Reinhard Hartwich, former member of BGR, and co-author of the 1998 Manual of Procedures). The methodology is extensively described in the Explanatory Notes (German), and in the revised Manual of Procedures which is expected to be completed soon. It is highly recommended to apply and interpret the map using the map comments and descriptions as provided in the explanatory notes (German: Hartwich et al. 2005; English: revision of the Manual of Procedures, initial version: Finke et al. 2001).", "formats": [{"name": "WMS_SRVC"}], "keywords": ["bodeneigenschaften", "bodenlandschaften", "bodenregionen", "bodenverbreitung", "climate-areas", "egdi", "entstehungsart", "europa", "europe", "infomapaccessservice", "io", "landscape-stratification", "soil", "soil-landscapes", "soil-parent-material-associations", "soil-regions", "soil-scapes"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Eberhardt, Einar, Dr.", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://services.bgr.de/wms/boden/eusr5000/?"}, {"href": "http://data.europa.eu/88u/dataset/f5624c2a-d5be-4810-8d66-c0139d471118~~1"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "AFC47F2E-43ED-42AA-8EBB-85FCD47FA1D7", "name": "item", "description": "AFC47F2E-43ED-42AA-8EBB-85FCD47FA1D7", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/AFC47F2E-43ED-42AA-8EBB-85FCD47FA1D7"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"null": "date"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2006.09.012", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:15:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-11-14", "title": "Influence Of No-Tillage On The Distribution And Lability Of Phosphorus In Finnish Clay Soils", "description": "Abstract No-tillage (NT) is a method adopted to reduce erosion and particulate phosphorus (P) load from arable land to watercourses. However, it has been found to increase the loss of dissolved P with surface runoff, but the reasons for that have rarely been examined in detail. The objective of the present study was to determine the chemical factors explaining this response by investigating the impact of NT on the type and distribution of P reserves as well as on organic carbon (C) in the 0\u201335\u00a0cm topsoil layer of clay soil profiles (Vertic Cambisols). Soil samples were taken from two experimental fields (Jokioinen and Aurajoki) at 0\u20135, 5\u201320 and 20\u201335\u00a0cm depths in conventionally tilled (CT) and non-tilled (for 4\u20135 years) plots. The plots had been cultivated and fertilized according to the common field practices in Finland (15\u201318\u00a0kg\u00a0P and 100\u2013128\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha \u22121 \u00a0year \u22121 ). Inorganic and organic P reserves characterized by a modified Chang and Jackson fractionation procedure were not significantly affected by the cultivation methods. However, in the uppermost soil layer (0\u20135\u00a0cm) in NT of the Jokioinen field, the labile P determined by water extraction (P w ) increased significantly, whereas the increase in P extracted with acid ammonium acetate (P AAC ) remained statistically insignificant. The increase in labile P coincided with a significant increase in organic carbon (C), which supports the theory that competition between organic anions and phosphate for the same sorption sites on oxide surfaces will enhance the lability of soil P. In the Aurajoki field with distinct soil cracking, P w and P AAC were not affected by NT in the uppermost soil layer, but they increased in the deepest soil layer (20\u201335\u00a0cm) concomitantly with an increase in Al-bound P and organic C. However, the increases were not statistically significant. In both fields, soil acidification due to the repeated application of N fertilizers at a shallow soil depth as well as the accumulation of organic C lowered pH of the uppermost soil layer in NT compared to the deeper soil layers. The results indicated that even short-term NT can increase the labile P in clay soil. However, further studies are needed to assess the long-term changes in lability of surface soil P and, consequently, the possible need for readjustment of the fertilization level in NT.", "keywords": ["suorakylv\u00f6", "2. Zero hunger", "330", "no-tillage", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "puskurikyky", "6. Clean water", "ploughing", "inorganic phosphorus", "kynt\u00f6", "Suomi", "clay soils", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Ka", "savimaat", "water-soluble phosphorus", "phosphorus", "fosfori", "P buffering capacit", "vesiliukoinen fosfori", "Finland", "ep\u00e4orgaaninen fosfori", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2006.09.012"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2006.09.012", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2006.09.012", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2006.09.012"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118092", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:15:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-05-09", "title": "The effects of biochar on soil organic matter pools are not influenced by climate change", "description": "The sustainability of Mediterranean croplands is threatened by climate warming and rainfall reduction. The use of biochar as an amendment represents a tool to store organic carbon (C) in soil. The vulnerability of soil organic C (SOC) to the joint effects of climate change and biochar application needs to be better understood by investigating its main pools. Here, we evaluated the effects of partial rain exclusion (\u223c30%) and temperature increase (\u223c2\u00a0\u00b0C), combined with biochar amendment, on the distribution of soil organic matter (SOM) into particulate organic matter (POM) and the mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM). A set of indices suggested an increase in thermal stability in response to biochar addition in both POM and MAOM fractions. The MAOM fraction, compared to the POM, was particularly enriched in labile substances. Data from micro-Raman spectroscopy suggested that the POM fraction contained biochar particles with a more ordered structure, whereas the structural order decreased in the MAOM fraction, especially after climate manipulation. Crystalline Fe oxides (hematite) and a mix of ferrihydrite and hematite were detected in the POM and in the MAOM fraction, respectively, of the unamended plots under climate manipulation, but not under ambient conditions. Conversely, in the amended soil, climate manipulation did not induce changes in Fe speciation. Our work underlines the importance of discretely taking into account responses of both MAOM and POM to better understand the mechanistic drivers of SOC storage and dynamics.", "keywords": ["Particulate organic matter", " Mineral-associated organic matter", " Open top chambers", " Fe EXAFS", " Raman spectroscopy", " Thermal analysis", "Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts", "550", "Climate Change", "Fe EXAFS", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "Carbon", "Soil", "Open top chamber", "13. Climate action", "Particulate organic matter", "Charcoal", "Raman spectroscopy", "Mineral-associated organic matter", "Particulate Matter", "Thermal analysis", "Open top chambers"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://iris.univr.it/bitstream/11562/1093186/2/JEMA%2c%202023%20-%20The%20effects%20of%20biochar%20on%20SOM%20pools%20are%20not.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118092"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Environmental%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118092", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118092", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118092"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.resconrec.2022.106325", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:16:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-04-14", "title": "Life cycle assessment of struvite recovery and wastewater sludge end-use: A Flemish illustration", "description": "Phosphate rock (PR) has been designated as a Critical Raw Material in the European Union (EU). This has led to increased emphasis on alternative P recovery (APR) from secondary streams like wastewater sludge (WWS). However, WWS end-use is a contentious topic, and EU member states prefer different end-use pathways (land application/incineration/valorisation in cement kilns). Previous Life Cycle Assessments (LCA) on APRs from WWS reached contrasting conclusions; while most considered WWS as waste and highlighted a net benefit relative to PR mining and beneficiation, others viewed WWS as a resource and highlighted a net burden of the treatment. We used a combined functional unit (that views WWS from a waste as well as a resource perspective) and applied it on a Flemish wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) with struvite recovery as APR technology. Firstly, a retrospective comparison was performed to measure the WWTP performance before and after struvite recovery and the analysis was complemented by uncertainty and global sensitivity analyses. The results showed struvite recovery provides marginal environmental benefits due to improved WWS dewatering and reduced polymer use. Secondly, a prospective LCA approach was performed to reflect policy changes regarding WWS end-use options in Flanders. Results indicated complete mono-incineration of WWS, ash processing to recover P and the subsequent land application appears to be less sustainable in terms of climate change, human toxicity, and terrestrial acidification relative to the status quo, i.e., co-incineration with municipal solid waste and valorisation at cement kilns. Impacts on fossil depletion, however, favour mono-incineration over the status quo.", "keywords": ["BURDENS", "PHOSPHORUS RECOVERY", "Wastewater sludge treatment", "LCA", "SEWAGE-SLUDGE", "GLOBAL SENSITIVITY-ANALYSIS", "PRODUCT", "7. Clean energy", "01 natural sciences", "ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "Global sensitivity analysis", "Phosphorus recovery", "Prospective LCA", " Global sensitivity analysis", "13. Climate action", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "Full Length Article", "BENEFITS", "11. Sustainability", "SHIFT", "Prospective LCA", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2022.106325"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Resources%2C%20Conservation%20and%20Recycling", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.resconrec.2022.106325", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.resconrec.2022.106325", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.resconrec.2022.106325"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.rse.2023.113986", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:16:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-01-21", "title": "On-orbit calibration and performance of the EMIT imaging spectrometer", "description": "Open AccessArticle signat per 56 autors: David R. Thompson, Robert O. Green, Christine Bradley, Philip G. Brodrick, Natalie Mahowald, Eyal Ben Dor, Matthew Bennett, Michael Bernas, Nimrod Carmon, K. Dana Chadwick, Roger N. Clark, Red Willow Coleman, Evan Cox, Ernesto Diaz, Michael L. Eastwood, Regina Eckert, Bethany L. Ehlmann, Paul Ginoux, Mar\u00eda Gon\u00e7alves Ageitos, Kathleen Grant, Luis Guanter, Daniela Heller Pearlshtien, Mark Helmlinger, Harrison Herzog, Todd Hoefen, Yue Huang, Abigail Keebler, Olga Kalashnikova, Didier Keymeulen, Raymond Kokaly, Martina Klose, Longlei Li, Sarah R. Lundeen, John Meyer, Elizabeth Middleton, Ron L. Miller, Pantazis Mouroulis, Bogdan Oaida, Vincenzo Obiso, Francisco Ochoa, Winston Olson-Duvall, Gregory S. Okin, Thomas H. Painter, Carlos P\u00e9rez Garc\u00eda-Pando, Randy Pollock, Vincent Realmuto, Lucas Shaw, Peter Sullivan, Gregg Swayze, Erik Thingvold, Andrew K. Thorpe, Suresh Vannan, Catalina Villarreal, Charlene Ung, Daniel W. Wilson, Sander Zandbergen.", "keywords": ["Mineral dusts", "Teledetecci\u00f3", "550", "Radiative forcing", "7. Clean energy", "Validation", "\u00c0rees tem\u00e0tiques de la UPC::F\u00edsica::Astronomia i astrof\u00edsica", "Spectrometer--Calibration", "Pols minerals", "Visible-shortwave infrared spectroscopy", "info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/550", "ddc:550", "International space station", "Remote sensing", "Mineralogy", "Espect\u00f2metres--Calibratge", "Imaging spectroscopy", "EMIT", "Earth sciences", "Atmospheric correction", "\u00c0rees tem\u00e0tiques de la UPC::Enginyeria de la telecomunicaci\u00f3::Radiocomunicaci\u00f3 i exploraci\u00f3 electromagn\u00e8tica::Teledetecci\u00f3", "13. Climate action", "Hyperspectral imagery", "Calibration", "Mineral dust cycle", "NASA"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2023.113986"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Remote%20Sensing%20of%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.rse.2023.113986", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.rse.2023.113986", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.rse.2023.113986"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "78de6d14-264c-4c00-9908-2428a6cd55f3", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[10.59, 53.11], [10.59, 53.81], [12.37, 53.81], [12.37, 53.11], [10.59, 53.11]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "geoscientificInformation"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Versorgungswirtschaft und staatliche Dienste"}, {"id": "Bodennutzung"}, {"id": "Boden"}], "scheme": "GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0"}], "updated": "2024-10-23", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2010-01-01", "language": "ger", "externalIds": [{"value": "."}], "title": "Urban planning in the district of Ludwigslust-Parchim (for WFS)", "description": "Urban planning in the district of Ludwigslust-Parchim", "formats": [{"name": "shp"}], "keywords": ["inspireidentifiziert", "infoMapAccessService", "Landkreis Ludwigslust-Parchim", "Geoportal", "Geodaten", "Bauen", "Staedtebauliche Bodenordnung", "Versorgungswirtschaft und staatliche Dienste", "Bodennutzung", "Boden"], "contacts": [{"name": "Geodatenmanagement", "organization": "Landkreis Ludwigslust-Parchim", "position": "GeoAdmin", "roles": ["pointOfContact"], "phones": [{"value": "+49 3871 722-6218"}], "emails": [{"value": "geodatenmanagement@kreis-lup.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Postfach 12 63"], "city": "Parchim", "administrativeArea": "Mecklenburg-Vorpommern", "postalCode": "19362", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}], "title_alternate": "Bodenordnung Landkreis Ludwigslust-Parchim"}, "links": [{"href": "https://geoportal.kreis-lup.de/ows/masterportal/bodenordnung-lup?", "rel": "information"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "78de6d14-264c-4c00-9908-2428a6cd55f3", "name": "item", "description": "78de6d14-264c-4c00-9908-2428a6cd55f3", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/78de6d14-264c-4c00-9908-2428a6cd55f3"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-10-23T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "/", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:14:03Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "DrSch\u00e4r mais field monitoring timeseries", "description": "Timeseries of the DrSch\u00e4r field monitoring in Este (PD) during summer 2022. Dataset of the soil temperature and soil humidity collected from different type of sensors distributed among the mais field. In the field were installed different types of sensors as many TDR sensors and one capacitive sensor; they collect temperature and humidity of the soil. The data from the sensor were collected by two networks: a Zigbee-based and one LoraWAN-based network.", "keywords": ["capacitive", "environmental-monitoring-facilities", "eu", "humidity", "irrigation", "lorawan", "mais", "sensor", "soil", "soil-moisture", "tdr", "temperature", "water", "zigbee"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://data.europa.eu/88u/dataset/17af841d-1329-4c5a-a8b8-c4326f0614f9"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "/", "name": "item", "description": "/", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items//"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"null": "date"}}, {"id": "00fcaa98-fb45-4696-a450-c5dcb1a480d8", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2025-09-02T09:54:15", "type": "Dataset", "language": "de", "title": "INSPIRE-WFS Soil / Sorptionsverm\u00f6gen im effektiven Wurzelraum BB", "description": "Der interoperable INSPIRE-WFS ist ein Downloaddienst, der Daten im Annex-Schema Boden (abgeleitet aus dem origin\u00e4ren Datensatz: Sorptionsverm\u00f6gen im effektiven Wurzelraum Brandenburg) bereitstellt. Er gibt einen \u00dcberblick \u00fcber die Sorptionskapazit\u00e4t im effektiven Wurzelraum der B\u00f6den Brandenburgs. Diese Karte basiert auf den Legendeneinheiten der Boden\u00fcbersichtskarte (B\u00dcK300) mit entsprechender Zuordnung von parametrisierten Fl\u00e4chenbodenformen. Diese stellen je Legendeneinheit eine Bodenformengesellschaft dar. Die einzelnen (Fl\u00e4chen-)Bodenformen wurden mit Parametern belegt, einschlie\u00dflich der entsprechenden Werte zur Kationenaustauschkapazit\u00e4t (KAK), die durch Gel\u00e4nde- und Laboruntersuchungen bestimmt wurden. Gleiche Horizont-Substrat-Kombinationen wurden zusammengefasst und die entsprechenden Parameter statistisch abgeleitet. Die Abfolge von Horizont-Substrat-Kombinationen in den Fl\u00e4chenbodenformen mit ihren KAK-Werten bildeten die Grundlage f\u00fcr die Berechnung des Sorptionskapazit\u00e4t im effektiven Wurzelraum (s. Hennings 2000, Verkn\u00fcpfungsregel 2.3). Gem\u00e4\u00df der INSPIRE-Datenspezifikation Soil (D2.8.III.3_v3.0) liegen die Inhalte der Boden\u00fcbersichtskarte INSPIRE-konform vor. Der WFS beinhaltet die folgenden FeatureTypes: - Beobachtungsprozess (ompr:Process) mit Angaben zu der am Prozess beteiligten Organisation LBGR, - abgeleitetes Bodenobjekt (so:SoilDerivedObject) mit Angaben zur Beobachtung der Bodeneigenschaft zur Beschreibung des abgeleiteten Bodenobjekts, - Beobachtung einer Bodeneigenschaft (om:OM_Observation) mit Angaben zum Charakter des vom Boden abgeleiteten Objekts, der beobachtete Eigenschaft, der vom Boden abgeleiteten Beobachtung bodenbezogene Eigenschaften, dem Ergebnis der Beobachtungen des abgeleiteten Bodenobjekts, - Bodenk\u00f6rper (so:SoilBody), abgegrenzter und hinsichtlich bestimmter Bodeneigenschaften und/oder r\u00e4umlicher Muster homogener Teil der Bodendecke, und - Bodenschicht (so:SoilLayer) mit Angaben zur Zuordnung der Schicht zu einem ihrer Art entsprechenden Begriff, zum abgeleiteten Profil, das als Referenzprofil f\u00fcr eine bestimmte Art von Boden in einem bestimmten geografischen Gebiet dient, der oberen und unteren Tiefe des Profilelements, gemessen von der Oberfl\u00e4che (0 cm) eines Bodenprofils (in cm). --- The compliant INSPIRE-WFS Soil / Sorptionsverm\u00f6gen im effektiven Wurzelraum Brandenburg is a download service that delivers data in the annex schema Soil (derived from the original data set: Adsorption capacity in the effective root zone Brandenburg). It provides an overview of the adsorption capacity in the effective root zone of the soils in Brandenburg. The map is based on the legend units of the soil map (B\u00dcK300) with corresponding assignment of parameterized soil forms. These represent one soil form society per legend unit. The single soil forms were assigned with parameters, including the corresponding values for cation exchange capacity (CEC), which were determined by field and laboratory investigations. Identical horizon-substrate combinations were summarized and the corresponding parameters were statistically derived. The sequence of horizon-substrate combinations in the soil forms with their CEC values formed the basis for the calculation of the sorption capacity in the effective root zone (see Hennings 2000, method 2.3). The content of the soil map is compliant to the INSPIRE data specification for the annex theme Soil (D2.8.III.3_v3.0). The WFS includes the following feature types: - Observation process (ompr:Process) with information about the organization LBGR involved in the process, - Soil derived object (so:SoilDerivedObject) with information on the observation of the soil property for characterizing the soil derived object, - Observations of a soil derived object (om:OM_Observation) with information about the character of the soil derived object, the observed property, the soil derived observation of soil related properties, the result of the observations of the soil derived object, - Soil body (so:SoilBody), part of the soil cover that is delineated and that is homogeneous with regard to certain soil properties and/or spatial patterns, and - Soil layer (so:SoilLayer) with information about the assignation of the layer according to the concept that fits its kind, to the derived soil profile, which serves as a reference profile for a particular type of soil in a specific geographical area, including the upper and lower depth of the profile element from the surface (0 cm) of a soil profile (in cm).", "formats": [{"name": "HTML"}], "keywords": ["bboxbebb", "boden", "bodenkunde", "bodenschutz", "brandenburg", "cation-exchange-capacity", "de", "depthinterval", "derivedsoilprofile", "geologie", "infofeatureaccessservice", "inspireidentifiziert", "interoperabel", "interoperability", "kationenaustauschkapazita\u0308t", "oberboden", "om_observation", "opendata", "process", "soil", "soilbody", "soilderivedobject", "soillayer", "sorptioncapacityinrootzonedepth", "sorptioncapacityinrootzonedepthwithorganicsurfacelayer", "sorptionsvermo\u0308gen", "sorptionsvermo\u0308gen-im-effektiven-wurzelraum-brandenburg", "wfs"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Landesamt f\u00fcr Bergbau, Geologie und Rohstoffe Brandenburg (LBGR)", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://geoportal.brandenburg.de/detailansichtdienst/render?view=gdibb&url=https%3A%2F%2Fgeoportal.brandenburg.de%2Fgs-json%2Fxml%3Ffileid%3D00fcaa98-fb45-4696-a450-c5dcb1a480d8"}, {"href": "https://inspire.brandenburg.de/services/so_sorption_wfs?REQUEST=GetCapabilities&SERVICE=WFS"}, {"href": "https://isk.geobasis-bb.de/geodienste/Sonstiges/Hilfe_Nutzung_Downloaddienst.pdf"}, {"href": "http://data.europa.eu/88u/dataset/00fcaa98-fb45-4696-a450-c5dcb1a480d8~~1"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "00fcaa98-fb45-4696-a450-c5dcb1a480d8", "name": "item", "description": "00fcaa98-fb45-4696-a450-c5dcb1a480d8", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/00fcaa98-fb45-4696-a450-c5dcb1a480d8"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"null": "date"}}, {"id": "01352069-dbde-464c-adfc-27b367a9b74a", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2011-05-31T00:00:00Z", "type": "Dataset", "language": "nl", "title": "Pottery-Flanders-2010", "description": "EARTHWORK is a database with the description and analysis results of 7,020 soil profiles and 42,529 associated soil horizons, supplemented by 9,281 surface samples, all located on the territory of Flanders and Brussels. These data (143 variables) were collected during the systematic soil profile study, which was carried out in Belgium between 1949 and 1971, under the auspices of the Institute to encourage Scientific Research in Industry and Agriculture. The Centre for Ground Research of the University of Ghent with departments at the Catholic University of Leuven and the Facult\u00e9s des Sciences Agronomiques de Gembloux was responsible for the realization of this study.", "keywords": ["aardewerk-2010", "aardewerk:-bodemprofielgegevens-voor-vlaanderen", "be", "bewortelingsdiepte", "bodem", "bodemhorizonten", "bodemkaarten", "bodemlagen", "bodemoppervlak", "bodemprofielen", "bodemprofielgegevens", "bodemprofielstudie", "bodemserie", "diepten", "drainage", "fysico-chemische-eigenschappen", "granulometrische-gegevens", "grondonderzoek", "historisch-bodemgebruik-en-vegetatie", "horizontinformatie", "koolstofgehalte", "mineralogische-samenstelling", "oppervlaktemonsters", "profiellocaties", "relief-beschrijving", "roestverschijnselen", "sorptiecapaciteit", "stenen", "verzadigingsgraad", "vochtgehalte", "waterhuishouding", "zuurtegraad"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Datavindplaats Vlaanderen", "roles": ["creator"]}, {"organization": "https://org.belgif.be/id/CbeEstablishmentUnit/2143719695", "roles": ["publisher"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.vlaanderen.be/DataCatalogRecord/78e15dd4-8070-4220-afac-258ea040fb30"}, {"href": "http://data.europa.eu/88u/dataset/01352069-dbde-464c-adfc-27b367a9b74a"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "01352069-dbde-464c-adfc-27b367a9b74a", "name": "item", "description": "01352069-dbde-464c-adfc-27b367a9b74a", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/01352069-dbde-464c-adfc-27b367a9b74a"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"null": "date"}}, {"id": "0160f3e2-aa36-431c-96f7-871dc41e5f8c", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[9.42, 50.32], [9.42, 52.29], [14.66, 52.29], [14.66, 50.32], [9.42, 50.32]]]}, "properties": {"rights": "Restrictions applied to assure the protection of privacy or intellectual property, and any special restrictions or limitations or warnings on using the resource or metadata. Reports, articles, papers, scientific and non - scientific works of any form, including tables, maps, or any other kind of output, in printed or electronic form, based in whole or in part on the data supplied, must contain an acknowledgement of the form: \"Data reused from the BonaRes Data Centre www.bonares.de. This data were created as part of the BonaRes Module A-Project - BonaRes - SIGNAL's research activities.\" Although every care has been taken in preparing and testing the data, the BonaRes Module A-Project - BonaRes - SIGNAL and the BonaRes Data Centre cannot guarantee that the data are correct; neither does the BonaRes Module A-Project - BonaRes - SIGNAL and the BonaRes Data Centre accept any liability whatsoever for any error, missing data or omission in the data, or for any loss or damage arising from its use. The BonaRes Module A-Project - BonaRes - SIGNAL and BonaRes Data Centre will not be responsible for any direct or indirect use which might be made of the data. 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Improving soil C projections is of a high priority for Earth system modeling in the future IPCC and other assessments. To achieve this goal, we suggest that (1) model structures should reflect real\uffe2\uff80\uff90world processes, (2) parameters should be calibrated to match model outputs with observations, and (3) external forcing variables should accurately prescribe the environmental conditions that soils experience. First, most soil C cycle models simulate C input from litter production and C release through decomposition. The latter process has traditionally been represented by first\uffe2\uff80\uff90order decay functions, regulated primarily by temperature, moisture, litter quality, and soil texture. While this formulation well captures macroscopic soil organic C (SOC) dynamics, better understanding is needed of their underlying mechanisms as related to microbial processes, depth\uffe2\uff80\uff90dependent environmental controls, and other processes that strongly affect soil C dynamics. Second, incomplete use of observations in model parameterization is a major cause of bias in soil C projections from ESMs. Optimal parameter calibration with both pool\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and flux\uffe2\uff80\uff90based data sets through data assimilation is among the highest priorities for near\uffe2\uff80\uff90term research to reduce biases among ESMs. Third, external variables are represented inconsistently among ESMs, leading to differences in modeled soil C dynamics. We recommend the implementation of traceability analyses to identify how external variables and model parameterizations influence SOC dynamics in different ESMs. Overall, projections of the terrestrial C sink can be substantially improved when reliable data sets are available to select the most representative model structure, constrain parameters, and prescribe forcing fields.
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Climate action", "recommendations", "Earth Sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "soil carbon dynamics", "[SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", "environment", "Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation", "Environmental Sciences", "PARAMETER-ESTIMATION"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt1pw7g2r2/qt1pw7g2r2.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/2015gb005239"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Biogeochemical%20Cycles", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/2015gb005239", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/2015gb005239", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/2015gb005239"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "0f71e68f-8c83-4371-8842-1a26abed1854", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[5.5, 47.25], [5.5, 55.2], [15.5, 55.2], [15.5, 47.25], [5.5, 47.25]]]}, "properties": {"updated": "2021-03-26", "type": "Service", "language": "ger", "title": "Land overview map of the Federal Republic of Germany 1:200.000 (WMS)", "description": "Web Map Service (WMS) of the B\u00dcK200 map sheets. The soil overview map 1:200,000 (B\u00dcK200) is compiled by the Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR) in cooperation with the State Geological Services (SGD) of the L\u00e4nder in the sheet section of the topographical overview map 1:200,000 (T\u00dcK200) and published in 55 individual map sheets. The digital, non-cutting data storage forms a detailed, nationwide uniform and comprehensive information basis for cross-border statements on land use and soil protection. The distribution and socialization of soils is currently described on a leaf-specific basis using leaf-laying units (divided by soil regions and large soil landscapes). Each legend unit contains soil systematic information (soil subtype) and information on the soil source rock for both the guide soils and their companions.", "formats": [{"name": "png"}, {"name": "OGC:WMS"}], "keywords": ["Boden", "Soil", "Bodenart", "Bodenauslaugung", "Bodenbearbeitung", "Bodenbelastung", "Bodenbildung", "Bodenbiologie", "Bodenchemie", "Bodendegradation", "Bodendekontamination", "Bodenerosion", "Bodenfeuchtigkeit", "Bodenfruchtbarkeit", "Bodenfunktion", "Bodengestaltung", "Bodeng\u00fcte", "Bodenkarte", "Bodenluft", "Bodenmechanik", "Bodenmineralogie", "Bodennutzbarkeit", "Bodennutzung", "ackerbauliches Ertragspotential", "Bodeneigenschaften", "Bodengef\u00fcge", "Bodengruppe", "Bodenhorizont", "bodenphysikalische Eigenschaften", "Bodenskelett", "Bodenverbreitung", "Durchl\u00e4ssigkeit", "effektive Durchwurzelungstiefe", "Bodenausgangsgestein", "Bodenform", "Bodengesellschaft", "Bodeninformationssystem", "Bodenprofil", "Bodensubstrat", "Bodensystematik", "Bodentyp", "Fachinformationssystem", "infoMapAccessService", "inspireidentifiziert", "opendata", "Deutschland", "National"], "contacts": [{"name": "Stegger, Ulrich", "organization": "Bundesanstalt f\u00fcr Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe (BGR)", "position": null, "roles": ["pointOfContact"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "fis.bo@bgr.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Stilleweg 2"], "city": "Hannover", "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": "30655", "country": "DE"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}], "themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "Boden"}, {"id": "Soil"}], "scheme": "GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Bodenart"}, {"id": "Bodenauslaugung"}, {"id": "Bodenbearbeitung"}, {"id": "Bodenbelastung"}, {"id": "Bodenbildung"}, {"id": "Bodenbiologie"}, {"id": "Bodenchemie"}, {"id": "Bodendegradation"}, {"id": "Bodendekontamination"}, {"id": "Bodenerosion"}, {"id": "Bodenfeuchtigkeit"}, {"id": "Bodenfruchtbarkeit"}, {"id": "Bodenfunktion"}, {"id": "Bodengestaltung"}, {"id": "Bodeng\u00fcte"}, {"id": "Bodenkarte"}, {"id": "Bodenluft"}, {"id": "Bodenmechanik"}, {"id": "Bodenmineralogie"}, {"id": "Bodennutzbarkeit"}, {"id": "Bodennutzung"}], "scheme": "GEMET - Concepts, version 2.4"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "ackerbauliches Ertragspotential"}, {"id": "Bodeneigenschaften"}, {"id": "Bodengef\u00fcge"}, {"id": "Bodengruppe"}, {"id": "Bodenhorizont"}, {"id": "bodenphysikalische Eigenschaften"}, {"id": "Bodenskelett"}, {"id": "Bodenverbreitung"}, {"id": "Durchl\u00e4ssigkeit"}, {"id": "effektive Durchwurzelungstiefe"}], "scheme": "SGD-Liste"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "National"}], "scheme": "Spatial scope"}], "title_alternate": "B\u00dcK200 (WMS)"}, "links": [{"href": "https://services.bgr.de/wms/boden/buek200/?REQUEST=GetCapabilities&SERVICE=wms&VERSION=1.3.0", "protocol": "OGC:WMS", "rel": null}, {"href": "https://services.bgr.de/boden/buek200", "description": "Karte im BGR-Geoviewer", "rel": "information"}, {"href": "https://services.bgr.de/wms/boden/buek200/?"}, {"href": "https://services.bgr.de/wms/boden/buek200/?"}, {"href": "https://download.bgr.de/bgr/boden/BUEK200/WMS/Beispielbild/buek200.jpg", "name": "preview", "description": "Web image thumbnail (URL)", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--image-thumbnail", "rel": "preview"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "0f71e68f-8c83-4371-8842-1a26abed1854", "name": "item", "description": "0f71e68f-8c83-4371-8842-1a26abed1854", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/0f71e68f-8c83-4371-8842-1a26abed1854"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-03-26T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "0f85c381-e496-47d9-89d8-f1fe2ee1a517", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[-180.0, -90.0], [-180.0, 90.0], [180.0, 90.0], [180.0, -90.0], [-180.0, -90.0]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "geoscientificInformation"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Soil science"}], "scheme": "Stratum"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Global"}], "scheme": "Region"}], "updated": "2025-02-05T10:34:26", "type": "Dataset", "language": "eng", "title": "A homogenized soil data file for global environmental research: A subset of FAO, ISRIC and NRCS profiles", "description": "A homogenized, global set of 1,125 soil profiles is presented. These profiles have been extracted from the database developed at ISRIC for a project on \"World Inventory of Soil Emission Potentials\" (WISE), as a contribution to the activities of the Global Soils Data Task Group of IGBP-DIS. The subset consists of a selection of 665 profiles originating from digital data files released by the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS, Lincoln), 250 profiles obtained from the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO, Rome), and 210 profiles from the reference collection of the International Soil Reference and Information Centre (ISRIC, Wageningen). All profiles are georeferenced and classified in the FAO-Unesco Legend whereby they can be linked to the edited and digital version of the FAO-Unesco Soil Map of the World. This data set is being released in the public domain for use by global modellers and other interested scientists. It is envisaged that the data set will be expanded by ISRIC when new, uniform soil profile data become available.\n\nNote: \na) A more recent version (some 10,000 profiles) of WISE profiles is available at: http://data.isric.org/geonetwork/srv/eng/catalog.search#/metadata/a351682c-330a-4995-a5a1-57ad160e621c (2009)\nb) For a larger compilation see the WoSIS database: http://isric.org/explore/wosis (2017)", "formats": [{"name": "zip"}, {"name": "WWW:DOWNLOAD-1.0-ftp--download"}, {"name": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--related"}], "keywords": ["calcium", "carbon", "cation exchange capacity", "electrical conductivity", "nitrogen", "organic carbon", "bulk density", "soil classification", "soil depth", "soil profiles", "pH", "salinity", "texture", "water holding capacity", "soil profiles", "nutrients", "Soil science", "Global"], "contacts": [{"name": "Niels Batjes", "organization": "ISRIC - World Soil Information", "position": "Senior Soil Scientist", "roles": ["Author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "niels.batjes@isric.org"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["PO Box 353"], "city": "Wageningen", "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": "6700AJ", "country": "Netherlands"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Eloi Ribeiro", "organization": "ISRIC - World Soil Information (WDC - Soils)", "position": "Geoinformatic", "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "data@isric.org"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["P.O. Box 47"], "city": "Wageningen", "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": "6708 PB", "country": "Netherlands"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Data info desk", "organization": "ISRIC - World Soil Information (WDC - Soils)", "position": null, "roles": ["custodian"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "data@isric.org"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Data info desk", "organization": "ISRIC - World Soil Information (WDC - Soils)", "position": null, "roles": ["pointOfContact"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "data@isric.org"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"organization": "ISRIC - World Soil Information (WDC - Soils)", "roles": ["contributor"]}], "distancevalue": "30", "distanceuom": "arc-second"}, "links": [{"href": "https://files.isric.org/public/wise/ISRIC_report_1995_10b.zip", "name": "Download", "protocol": "WWW:DOWNLOAD-1.0-ftp--download", "rel": "download"}, {"href": "https://www.isric.org/documents/document-type/isric-report-199510b-homogenized-soil-data-file-global-environmental", "name": "Project webpage", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--related", "rel": "information"}, {"href": "https://files.isric.org/public/thumbnails/wise/ISRIC-WISE_Internat_Soil_Prof_Data_Set_c.png", "name": "preview", "description": "Web image thumbnail (URL)", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--image-thumbnail", "rel": "preview"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "0f85c381-e496-47d9-89d8-f1fe2ee1a517", "name": "item", "description": "0f85c381-e496-47d9-89d8-f1fe2ee1a517", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/0f85c381-e496-47d9-89d8-f1fe2ee1a517"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"interval": ["1950-01-01T00:00:00Z", "1995-07-01T00:00:00Z"]}}, {"id": "1-250000-land-capability-for-agriculture-wms", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:14:10Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "1:250,000 Land Capability for Agriculture WMS", "description": "This service is the digital (vector) version of the Land Capability for Agriculture of Scotland 1:250,000 maps. Refer to the datasets for more information.", "formats": [{"name": "WMS_SRVC"}], "keywords": ["gb", "infomapaccessservice", "land-use", "soil"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://DRUID.HUTTON.AC.UK/arcgis/services/Hutton_LCA/MapServer/WMSServer?request=GetCapabilities&service=WMS"}, {"href": "http://data.europa.eu/88u/dataset/1-250000-land-capability-for-agriculture-wms"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "1-250000-land-capability-for-agriculture-wms", "name": "item", "description": "1-250000-land-capability-for-agriculture-wms", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/1-250000-land-capability-for-agriculture-wms"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"null": "date"}}, {"id": "1-50000-land-capability-for-agriculture-wms-land-capability-for-agriculture-partial-cover", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:14:10Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "1:50,000 Land Capability for Agriculture WMS. (Land capability for agriculture, partial cover)", "description": "This service is the digital (vector) version of the Land Capability for Agriculture of Scotland 1:50,000 maps. Also known as \"Land capability for agriculture (partial cover)\". Refer to the datasets for more information.", "formats": [{"name": "WMS_SRVC"}], "keywords": ["gb", "infomapaccessservice", "land-use", "soil"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://DRUID.HUTTON.AC.UK/arcgis/services/Hutton_LCA_50K_OSGB/MapServer/WMSServer?request=GetCapabilities&service=WMS"}, {"href": "http://data.europa.eu/88u/dataset/1-50000-land-capability-for-agriculture-wms-land-capability-for-agriculture-partial-cover"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "1-50000-land-capability-for-agriculture-wms-land-capability-for-agriculture-partial-cover", "name": "item", "description": "1-50000-land-capability-for-agriculture-wms-land-capability-for-agriculture-partial-cover", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/1-50000-land-capability-for-agriculture-wms-land-capability-for-agriculture-partial-cover"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"null": "date"}}, {"id": "10.1002/2016JD026099", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:14:10Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-04-07", "title": "Global soil moisture bimodality in satellite observations and climate models", "description": "AbstractA new diagnostic metric based on soil moisture bimodality is developed in order to examine and compare soil moisture from satellite observations and Earth System Models. The methodology to derive this diagnostic is based on maximum likelihood estimator encoded into an iterative algorithm, which is applied to the soil moisture probability density function. This metric is applied to satellite data from the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer for the Earth Observing System and global climate models data from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5). Results show high soil moisture bimodality in transitional climate areas and high latitudes, potentially associated with land\uffe2\uff80\uff90atmosphere feedback processes. When comparing satellite versus climate models, a clear difference in their soil moisture bimodality is observed, with systematically higher values in the case of CMIP5 models. These differences appear related to areas where land\uffe2\uff80\uff90atmospheric feedback may be overestimated in current climate models.
", "keywords": ["PREFERENTIAL STATES", "IMPACT", "MIXTURE", "SCHEME", "0207 environmental engineering", "NORMAL-DISTRIBUTIONS", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "PART I", "satellite soil moisture", "climate models", "13. Climate action", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "LAND-SURFACE MODEL", "PRECIPITATION", "SDG 13 - Climate Action", "CMIP5", "ATMOSPHERE COUPLING EXPERIMENT", "land-atmosphere interactions", "soil moisture", "bimodality", "SYSTEM", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/2016JD026099"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JD026099"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Geophysical%20Research%3A%20Atmospheres", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/2016JD026099", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/2016JD026099", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/2016JD026099"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-04-27T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/cli2.19", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:14:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-10-21", "title": "An alert system for Seasonal Fire probability forecast for South American Protected Areas", "description": "AbstractTimely spatially explicit warning of areas with high fire occurrence probability is an important component of strategic plans to prevent and monitor fires within South American (SA) Protected Areas (PAs). In this study, we present a five\uffe2\uff80\uff90level alert system, which combines both climatological and anthropogenic factors, the two main drivers of fires in SA. The alert levels are: High Alert, Alert, Attention, Observation and Low Probability. The trend in the number of active fires over the past three years and the accumulated number of active fires over the same period were used as indicators of intensification of human use of fire in that region, possibly associated with ongoing land use/land cover change (LULCC). An ensemble of temperature and precipitation gridded output from the GloSea5 Seasonal Forecast System was used to indicate an enhanced probability of hot and dry weather conditions that combined with LULCC favour fire occurrences. Alerts from this system were first issued in August 2020, for the period ranging from August to October (ASO) 2020. Overall, 50% of all fires observed during the ASO 2017\uffe2\uff80\uff932019 period and 40% of the ASO 2020 fires occurred in only 29 PAs were all categorized in the top two alert levels. In categories mapped as High Alert level, 34% of the PAs experienced an increase in fires compared with the 2017\uffe2\uff80\uff932019 reference period, and 81% of the High Alert false alarm registered fire occurrence above the median. Initial feedback from stakeholders indicates that these alerts were used to inform resource management in some PAs. We expect that these forecasts can provide continuous information aiming at changing societal perceptions of fire use and consequently subsidize strategic planning and mitigatory actions, focusing on timely responses to a disaster risk management strategy. Further research must focus on the model improvement and knowledge translation to stakeholders.
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