{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1007/s00267-010-9504-4", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:14:17Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-05-27", "title": "Changes In Soil Particulate Organic Matter, Microbial Biomass, And Activity Following Afforestation Of Marginal Agricultural Lands In A Semi-Arid Area Of Northeast China", "description": "Afforestation of agricultural lands has been one of the major land use changes in China in recent decades. To better understand the effect of such land use change on soil quality, we investigated selected soil physical, chemical and microbial properties (0-15 cm depth) in marginal agricultural land and a chronosequence of poplar (Populus euramericana cv. 'N3016') plantations (5-, 10-, 15- and 20-years old) in a semi-arid area of Northeast China. Soil bulk density significantly declined after conversion of agricultural lands to poplar plantations. Soil total organic carbon (TOC) and nitrogen (TN) concentrations, microbial biomass C (MBC) and potential N mineralization rate (PNM) decreased initially following afforestation of agricultural lands, and then increased with stand development. However, soil metabolic quotient (qCO(2)) exhibited a reverse trend. In addition, soil particulate organic matter C (POM-C) and N (POM-N) concentrations showed no significant changes in the first 10 years following afforestation, and then increased with stand age. These findings demonstrated that soil quality declined initially following afforestation of agricultural lands in semi-arid regions, and then recovered with stand development. Following 15 years of afforestation, many soil quality parameters recovered to the values found in agricultural land. We propose that change in soil quality with stand age should be considered in determining optimum rotation length of plantations and best management practices for afforestation programs.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "China", "Nitrogen", "Agriculture", "Forestry", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Carbon", "Soil", "Populus", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Particulate Matter", "Biomass", "Environmental Restoration and Remediation", "Soil Microbiology", "Environmental Monitoring"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Rong Mao, De-Hui Zeng,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-010-9504-4"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00267-010-9504-4", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00267-010-9504-4", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00267-010-9504-4"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-05-28T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117220", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:15:51Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-05-04", "title": "Trade-offs between short-term mortality attributable to NO2 and O3 changes during the COVID-19 lockdown across major Spanish cities", "description": "The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic forced most countries to put in place lockdown measures to slow down the transmission of the virus. These lockdowns have led to temporal improvements in air quality. Here, we evaluate the changes in NO2 and O3 levels along with the associated impact upon premature mortality during the COVID-19 lockdown and deconfinement periods along the first epidemic wave across the provincial capital cities of Spain. We first quantify the change in pollutants solely due to the lockdown as the difference between business-as-usual (BAU) pollution levels, estimated with a machine learning-based meteorological normalization technique, and observed concentrations. Second, instead of using exposure-response functions between the pollutants and mortality reported in the literature, we fit conditional quasi-Poisson regression models to estimate city-specific associations between daily pollutant levels and non-accidental mortality during the period 2010-2018. Significant relative risk values are observed at lag 1 for NO2 (1.0047 [95% CI: 1.0014 to 1.0081]) and at lag 0 for O3 (1.0039 [1.0013 to 1.0065]). On average NO2 changed by -51% (intercity range -65.7 to -30.9%) and -36.4% (-53.7 to -11.6%), and O3 by -1.1% (-20.2 to 23.8%) and 0.6% (-12.4 to 23.0%), during the lockdown (57 days) and deconfinement (42 days) periods, respectively. We obtain a reduction in attributable mortality associated with NO2 changes of -119 (95% CI: -273 to -24) deaths over the lockdown, and of -53 (-114 to -10) deaths over the deconfinement. This was partially compensated by an increase in the attributable number of deaths, 14 (-72 to 99) during the lockdown, and 8 (-27 to 50) during the deconfinement, associated with the rise in O3 levels in the most populous cities during the analysed period, despite the overall small average reductions. Our study shows that the potential trade-offs between multiple air pollutants should be taken into account when evaluating the health impacts of environmental exposures.", "keywords": ["Air Pollutants", "SARS-CoV-2", "Nitrogen Dioxide", "COVID-19", "01 natural sciences", "Article", "3. Good health", "03 medical and health sciences", "0302 clinical medicine", "13. Climate action", "Air Pollution", "Communicable Disease Control", "Humans", "Particulate Matter", "Cities", "Pandemics", "Environmental Monitoring", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117220"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Pollution", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117220", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117220", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117220"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10661-011-2462-3", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:14:38Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-11-28", "title": "Changes In Labile Soil Organic Matter Fractions Following Land Use Change From Monocropping To Poplar-Based Agroforestry Systems In A Semiarid Region Of Northeast China", "description": "Labile fractions of soil organic matter (SOM) respond rapidly to land management practices and can be used as a sensitive indicator of changes in SOM. However, there is little information about the effect of agroforestry practices on labile SOM fractions in semiarid regions of China. In order to test the effects of land use change from monocropping to agroforestry systems on labile SOM fractions, we investigated soil microbial biomass C (MBC) and N, particulate organic matter C (POMC) and N (POMN), as well as total organic C (TOC) and total N (TN) in the 0- to 15-cm and the 15- to 30-cm layers in 4-year-old poplar-based agroforestry systems and adjoining monocropping systems with two different soil textures (sandy loam and sandy clay loam) in a semiarid region of Northeast China. Our results showed that poplar-based agroforestry practices affected soil MBC, POMC, and POMN, albeit there was no significant difference in TOC and TN. Agroforestry practices increased MBC, POMC, and POMN in sandy clay loam soils. However, in sandy loam soils, agroforestry practices only increased MBC and even decreased POMC and POMN at the 0- to 15-cm layer. Our results suggest that labile SOM fractions respond sensitively to poplar-based agroforestry practices and can provide early information about the changes in SOM in semiarid regions of Northeast China and highlight that the effects of agroforestry practices on labile SOM fractions vary with soil texture.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "China", "Soil", "Populus", "Nitrogen", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Agriculture", "Forestry", "Particulate Matter", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Carbon", "Environmental Monitoring"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-011-2462-3"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Monitoring%20and%20Assessment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10661-011-2462-3", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10661-011-2462-3", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10661-011-2462-3"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-11-29T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.envint.2019.05.061", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:15:49Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-06-14", "title": "Monitoring the impact of desert dust outbreaks for air quality for health studies", "description": "We review the major features of desert dust outbreaks that are relevant to the assessment of dust impacts upon human health. Our ultimate goal is to provide scientific guidance for the acquisition of relevant population exposure information for epidemiological studies tackling the short and long term health effects of desert dust. We first describe the source regions and the typical levels of dust particles in regions close and far away from the source areas, along with their size, composition, and bio-aerosol load. We then describe the processes by which dust may become mixed with anthropogenic particulate matter (PM) and/or alter its load in receptor areas. Short term health effects are found during desert dust episodes in different regions of the world, but in a number of cases the results differ when it comes to associate the effects to the bulk PM, the desert dust-PM, or non-desert dust-PM. These differences are likely due to the different monitoring strategies applied in the epidemiological studies, and to the differences on atmospheric and emission (natural and anthropogenic) patterns of desert dust around the world. We finally propose methods to allow the discrimination of health effects by PM fraction during dust outbreaks, and a strategy to implement desert dust alert and monitoring systems for health studies and air quality management.", "keywords": ["Aerosols", "Air Movements", "Epidemiological studies", "Air Pollutants", "Pols mineral -- Tesis doctorals", "Epidemiology", ":Energies [\u00c0rees tem\u00e0tiques de la UPC]", "Atmospheric particulate matter", "Dust", "15. Life on land", "Mineral dust", "01 natural sciences", "Article", "3. Good health", "Environmental sciences", "13. Climate action", "\u00c0rees tem\u00e0tiques de la UPC::Energies", "Air Pollution", "11. Sustainability", "GE1-350", "Desert dust", "Dust control", "Environmental Monitoring", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2019.05.061"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environment%20International", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.envint.2019.05.061", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.envint.2019.05.061", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.envint.2019.05.061"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170593", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-26T16:16:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-02-01", "title": "Estimation of pan-European, daily total, fine-mode and coarse-mode Aerosol Optical Depth at 0.1\u00b0 resolution to facilitate air quality assessments", "description": "Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) data derived from satellites is crucial for estimating spatially-resolved PM concentrations, but existing AOD data over land remain affected by several limitations (e.g., data gaps, coarser resolution, higher uncertainty or lack of size fraction data), which weakens the AOD-PM relationship. We developed a 0.1\u00b0 resolution daily AOD data set over Europe over the period 2003-2020, based on two-stage Quantile Machine Learning (QML) frameworks. Our approach first fills gaps in satellite AOD data and then constructs three components' models to obtain reliable full-coverage AOD along with Fine-mode AOD (fAOD) and Coarse-mode AOD (cAOD). These models are based on AERONET (AErosol RObotic NETwork) observations, Gap-filled satellite AOD, climate and atmospheric composition reanalyses. Our QML AOD products exhibit better quality with an out-of-sample R2 equal to 0.68 for AOD, 0.66 for fAOD and 0.65 for cAOD, which is 23-92\u00a0%, 11-13\u00a0% and 115-132\u00a0% higher than the corresponding satellite or reanalysis products, respectively. Over 91.6\u00a0%, 81.6\u00a0%, and 88.9\u00a0% of QML AOD, fAOD and cAOD predictions fall within \u00b120\u00a0% Expected Error (EE) envelopes, respectively. Previous studies reported that a weak satellite AOD-PM correlation across Europe (Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC) around 0.1). Our QML products exhibit higher correlations with ground-level PMs, particularly when broadly matched by size: AOD with PM10, fAOD with PM2.5, cAOD with PM coarse (R\u00a0=\u00a00.41, 0.45 and 0.26, respectively). Different AOD fractions more effectively distinct PM size fractions, than total AOD. Our QML aerosol dataset and models pioneer full-coverage, daily high-resolution monitoring of fine-mode and coarse-mode aerosols, effectively addressing existing AOD challenges for further PMs exposures' estimations. This dataset opens avenues for more in-depth exploration of the impacts of aerosols on human health, climate, visibility, and biogeochemical processes, offering valuable insights for air quality management and environmental health risk assessment.", "keywords": ["cAOD", "Satellite", "13. Climate action", "Simulaci\u00f3 per ordinador", "11. Sustainability", "fAOD", "Aerosol Optical Depth", "\u00c0rees tem\u00e0tiques de la UPC::Desenvolupament hum\u00e0 i sostenible::Degradaci\u00f3 ambiental::Contaminaci\u00f3 atmosf\u00e8rica", "14. Life underwater", "Atmospheric aerosols", "Particulate matter", "Aerosol", "3. Good health"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170593"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170593", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170593", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170593"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118092", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-26T16:16:21Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-05-09", "title": "The effects of biochar on soil organic matter pools are not influenced by climate change", "description": "The sustainability of Mediterranean croplands is threatened by climate warming and rainfall reduction. The use of biochar as an amendment represents a tool to store organic carbon (C) in soil. The vulnerability of soil organic C (SOC) to the joint effects of climate change and biochar application needs to be better understood by investigating its main pools. Here, we evaluated the effects of partial rain exclusion (\u223c30%) and temperature increase (\u223c2\u00a0\u00b0C), combined with biochar amendment, on the distribution of soil organic matter (SOM) into particulate organic matter (POM) and the mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM). A set of indices suggested an increase in thermal stability in response to biochar addition in both POM and MAOM fractions. The MAOM fraction, compared to the POM, was particularly enriched in labile substances. Data from micro-Raman spectroscopy suggested that the POM fraction contained biochar particles with a more ordered structure, whereas the structural order decreased in the MAOM fraction, especially after climate manipulation. Crystalline Fe oxides (hematite) and a mix of ferrihydrite and hematite were detected in the POM and in the MAOM fraction, respectively, of the unamended plots under climate manipulation, but not under ambient conditions. Conversely, in the amended soil, climate manipulation did not induce changes in Fe speciation. Our work underlines the importance of discretely taking into account responses of both MAOM and POM to better understand the mechanistic drivers of SOC storage and dynamics.", "keywords": ["Particulate organic matter", " Mineral-associated organic matter", " Open top chambers", " Fe EXAFS", " Raman spectroscopy", " Thermal analysis", "Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts", "550", "Climate Change", "Fe EXAFS", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "Carbon", "Soil", "Open top chamber", "13. Climate action", "Particulate organic matter", "Charcoal", "Raman spectroscopy", "Mineral-associated organic matter", "Particulate Matter", "Thermal analysis", "Open top chambers"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://iris.univr.it/bitstream/11562/1093186/2/JEMA%2c%202023%20-%20The%20effects%20of%20biochar%20on%20SOM%20pools%20are%20not.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118092"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Environmental%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118092", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118092", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118092"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1021/es103579c", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:17:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-01-25", "title": "Grand Challenges For Life-Cycle Assessment Of Biofuels", "description": "Biofuels are widely touted as viable, albeit not straightforward, alternatives to petroleum-derived fuels. To best determine their utilization, many practitioners turn to life-cycle assessment (LCA) to ascertain the \u201cenvironmental footprint\u201d. Although parameters such as resource and land use, along with infrastructure, can be incorporated into LCA algorithms, many have noted that the methodological approach still needs careful attention. In this Feature, McKone et al. outline seven grand challenges that need to be engaged and surmounted to provide the best way forward for biofuel use.", "keywords": ["Conservation of Natural Resources", "13. Climate action", "Air Pollution", "Biofuels", "Humans", "Agriculture", "Particulate Matter", "7. Clean energy", "01 natural sciences", "Carbon Footprint", "Vehicle Emissions", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1021/es103579c"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Science%20%26amp%3B%20Technology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1021/es103579c", "name": "item", "description": "10.1021/es103579c", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1021/es103579c"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1038/s41467-024-46103-3", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:17:32Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-03-13", "title": "Population exposure to multiple air pollutants and its compound episodes in Europe", "description": "Abstract

Air pollution remains as a substantial health problem, particularly regarding the combined health risks arising from simultaneous exposure to multiple air pollutants. However, understanding these combined exposure events over long periods has been hindered by sparse and temporally inconsistent monitoring data. Here we analyze daily ambient PM2.5, PM10, NO2 and O3 concentrations at a 0.1-degree resolution during 2003\uffe2\uff80\uff932019 across 1426 contiguous regions in 35 European countries, representing 543 million people. We find that PM10 levels decline by 2.72% annually, followed by NO2 (2.45%) and PM2.5 (1.72%). In contrast, O3 increase by 0.58% in southern Europe, leading to a surge in unclean air days. Despite air quality advances, 86.3% of Europeans experience at least one compound event day per year, especially for PM2.5-NO2 and PM2.5-O3. We highlight the improvements in air quality control but emphasize the need for targeted measures addressing specific pollutants and their compound events, particularly amidst rising temperatures.

Abstract. Open biomass burning has major impacts globally and regionally on atmospheric composition. Fire emissions include particulate matter, tropospheric ozone precursors, and greenhouse gases, as well as persistent organic pollutants, mercury, and other metals. Fire frequency, intensity, duration, and location are changing as the climate warms, and modelling these fires and their impacts is becoming more and more critical to inform climate adaptation and mitigation, as well as land management. Indeed, the air pollution from fires can reverse the progress made by emission controls on industry and transportation. At the same time, nearly all aspects of fire modelling \u2013 such as emissions, plume injection height, long-range transport, and plume chemistry \u2013 are highly uncertain. This paper outlines a multi-model, multi-pollutant, multi-regional study to improve the understanding of the uncertainties and variability in fire atmospheric science, models, and fires' impacts, in addition to providing quantitative estimates of the air pollution and radiative impacts of biomass burning. Coordinated under the auspices of the Task Force on Hemispheric Transport of Air Pollution, the international atmospheric modelling and fire science communities are working towards the common goal of improving global fire modelling and using this multi-model experiment to provide estimates of fire pollution for impact studies. This paper outlines the research needs, opportunities, and options for the fire-focused multi-model experiments and provides guidance for these modelling experiments, outputs, and analyses that are to be pursued over the next 3\u00a0to 5\u00a0years. The paper proposes a plan for delivering specific products at key points over this period to meet important milestones relevant to science and policy audiences.

", "keywords": ["QE1-996.5", "\u00c0rees tem\u00e0tiques de la UPC::Desenvolupament hum\u00e0 i sostenible::Degradaci\u00f3 ambiental::Canvi clim\u00e0tic", "Atmospheric composition", "Air pollution", "Geology", "Sediment transport", "Southeast atlantic", "15. Life on land", "Tropospheric ozone", "7. Clean energy", "Fires", "Reactive nitrogen", "Impact studies", "Surface ozone", "13. Climate action", "Air-quality", "11. Sustainability", "Open biomass burning", "SDG 13 - Climate Action", "\u00c0rees tem\u00e0tiques de la UPC::Enginyeria qu\u00edmica::Qu\u00edmica del medi ambient::Qu\u00edmica atmosf\u00e8rica", "Biomass-burning aerosol", "Wild-land fires", "\u00c0rees tem\u00e0tiques de la UPC::Desenvolupament hum\u00e0 i sostenible::Degradaci\u00f3 ambiental::Contaminaci\u00f3 atmosf\u00e8rica", "Particulate matter", "Health impacts"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-3265-2025"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoscientific%20Model%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/gmd-18-3265-2025", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/gmd-18-3265-2025", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/gmd-18-3265-2025"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-08-28T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2949948697", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:25:54Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-06-14", "title": "Monitoring the impact of desert dust outbreaks for air quality for health studies", "description": "We review the major features of desert dust outbreaks that are relevant to the assessment of dust impacts upon human health. Our ultimate goal is to provide scientific guidance for the acquisition of relevant population exposure information for epidemiological studies tackling the short and long term health effects of desert dust. We first describe the source regions and the typical levels of dust particles in regions close and far away from the source areas, along with their size, composition, and bio-aerosol load. We then describe the processes by which dust may become mixed with anthropogenic particulate matter (PM) and/or alter its load in receptor areas. Short term health effects are found during desert dust episodes in different regions of the world, but in a number of cases the results differ when it comes to associate the effects to the bulk PM, the desert dust-PM, or non-desert dust-PM. These differences are likely due to the different monitoring strategies applied in the epidemiological studies, and to the differences on atmospheric and emission (natural and anthropogenic) patterns of desert dust around the world. We finally propose methods to allow the discrimination of health effects by PM fraction during dust outbreaks, and a strategy to implement desert dust alert and monitoring systems for health studies and air quality management.", "keywords": ["Aerosols", "Air Movements", "Epidemiological studies", "Air Pollutants", "Pols mineral -- Tesis doctorals", "Epidemiology", ":Energies [\u00c0rees tem\u00e0tiques de la UPC]", "Atmospheric particulate matter", "Dust", "15. Life on land", "Mineral dust", "01 natural sciences", "Article", "3. Good health", "Environmental sciences", "13. Climate action", "\u00c0rees tem\u00e0tiques de la UPC::Energies", "Air Pollution", "11. Sustainability", "GE1-350", "Desert dust", "Dust control", "Environmental Monitoring", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/2949948697"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environment%20International", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2949948697", "name": "item", "description": "2949948697", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2949948697"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "11250/3202867", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:24:54Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-06-03", "title": "HTAP3 Fires: towards a multi-model, multi-pollutant study of fire impacts", "description": "

Abstract. Open biomass burning has major impacts globally and regionally on atmospheric composition. Fire emissions include particulate matter, tropospheric ozone precursors, and greenhouse gases, as well as persistent organic pollutants, mercury, and other metals. Fire frequency, intensity, duration, and location are changing as the climate warms, and modelling these fires and their impacts is becoming more and more critical to inform climate adaptation and mitigation, as well as land management. Indeed, the air pollution from fires can reverse the progress made by emission controls on industry and transportation. At the same time, nearly all aspects of fire modelling \u2013 such as emissions, plume injection height, long-range transport, and plume chemistry \u2013 are highly uncertain. This paper outlines a multi-model, multi-pollutant, multi-regional study to improve the understanding of the uncertainties and variability in fire atmospheric science, models, and fires' impacts, in addition to providing quantitative estimates of the air pollution and radiative impacts of biomass burning. Coordinated under the auspices of the Task Force on Hemispheric Transport of Air Pollution, the international atmospheric modelling and fire science communities are working towards the common goal of improving global fire modelling and using this multi-model experiment to provide estimates of fire pollution for impact studies. This paper outlines the research needs, opportunities, and options for the fire-focused multi-model experiments and provides guidance for these modelling experiments, outputs, and analyses that are to be pursued over the next 3\u00a0to 5\u00a0years. The paper proposes a plan for delivering specific products at key points over this period to meet important milestones relevant to science and policy audiences.

", "keywords": ["Air pollution", "biomass burning Emissionen Klima Luftqualit\u00e4t", "Tropospheric ozone", "7. Clean energy", "Fires", "Surface ozone", "11. Sustainability", "SDG 13 - Climate Action", "\u00c0rees tem\u00e0tiques de la UPC::Enginyeria qu\u00edmica::Qu\u00edmica del medi ambient::Qu\u00edmica atmosf\u00e8rica", "QE1-996.5", "\u00c0rees tem\u00e0tiques de la UPC::Desenvolupament hum\u00e0 i sostenible::Degradaci\u00f3 ambiental::Canvi clim\u00e0tic", "Atmospheric composition", "Geology", "Sediment transport", "Southeast atlantic", "15. Life on land", "Reactive nitrogen", "Impact studies", "13. Climate action", "Air-quality", "Open biomass burning", "Biomass-burning aerosol", "Wild-land fires", "\u00c0rees tem\u00e0tiques de la UPC::Desenvolupament hum\u00e0 i sostenible::Degradaci\u00f3 ambiental::Contaminaci\u00f3 atmosf\u00e8rica", "Particulate matter", "Health impacts"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/11250/3202867"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoscientific%20Model%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "11250/3202867", "name": "item", "description": "11250/3202867", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/11250/3202867"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-08-28T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2117/405673", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-26T16:25:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-02-01", "title": "Estimation of pan-European, daily total, fine-mode and coarse-mode Aerosol Optical Depth at 0.1\u00b0 resolution to facilitate air quality assessments", "description": "Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) data derived from satellites is crucial for estimating spatially-resolved PM concentrations, but existing AOD data over land remain affected by several limitations (e.g., data gaps, coarser resolution, higher uncertainty or lack of size fraction data), which weakens the AOD-PM relationship. We developed a 0.1\u00b0 resolution daily AOD data set over Europe over the period 2003-2020, based on two-stage Quantile Machine Learning (QML) frameworks. Our approach first fills gaps in satellite AOD data and then constructs three components' models to obtain reliable full-coverage AOD along with Fine-mode AOD (fAOD) and Coarse-mode AOD (cAOD). These models are based on AERONET (AErosol RObotic NETwork) observations, Gap-filled satellite AOD, climate and atmospheric composition reanalyses. Our QML AOD products exhibit better quality with an out-of-sample R2 equal to 0.68 for AOD, 0.66 for fAOD and 0.65 for cAOD, which is 23-92\u00a0%, 11-13\u00a0% and 115-132\u00a0% higher than the corresponding satellite or reanalysis products, respectively. Over 91.6\u00a0%, 81.6\u00a0%, and 88.9\u00a0% of QML AOD, fAOD and cAOD predictions fall within \u00b120\u00a0% Expected Error (EE) envelopes, respectively. Previous studies reported that a weak satellite AOD-PM correlation across Europe (Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC) around 0.1). Our QML products exhibit higher correlations with ground-level PMs, particularly when broadly matched by size: AOD with PM10, fAOD with PM2.5, cAOD with PM coarse (R\u00a0=\u00a00.41, 0.45 and 0.26, respectively). Different AOD fractions more effectively distinct PM size fractions, than total AOD. Our QML aerosol dataset and models pioneer full-coverage, daily high-resolution monitoring of fine-mode and coarse-mode aerosols, effectively addressing existing AOD challenges for further PMs exposures' estimations. This dataset opens avenues for more in-depth exploration of the impacts of aerosols on human health, climate, visibility, and biogeochemical processes, offering valuable insights for air quality management and environmental health risk assessment.", "keywords": ["cAOD", "Satellite", "13. Climate action", "Simulaci\u00f3 per ordinador", "11. Sustainability", "fAOD", "Aerosol Optical Depth", "\u00c0rees tem\u00e0tiques de la UPC::Desenvolupament hum\u00e0 i sostenible::Degradaci\u00f3 ambiental::Contaminaci\u00f3 atmosf\u00e8rica", "14. Life underwater", "Atmospheric aerosols", "Particulate matter", "Aerosol", "3. Good health"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/2117/405673"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2117/405673", "name": "item", "description": "2117/405673", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2117/405673"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10230/60632", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:24:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-03-13", "title": "Population exposure to multiple air pollutants and its compound episodes in Europe", "description": "Abstract

Air pollution remains as a substantial health problem, particularly regarding the combined health risks arising from simultaneous exposure to multiple air pollutants. However, understanding these combined exposure events over long periods has been hindered by sparse and temporally inconsistent monitoring data. Here we analyze daily ambient PM2.5, PM10, NO2 and O3 concentrations at a 0.1-degree resolution during 2003\uffe2\uff80\uff932019 across 1426 contiguous regions in 35 European countries, representing 543 million people. We find that PM10 levels decline by 2.72% annually, followed by NO2 (2.45%) and PM2.5 (1.72%). In contrast, O3 increase by 0.58% in southern Europe, leading to a surge in unclean air days. Despite air quality advances, 86.3% of Europeans experience at least one compound event day per year, especially for PM2.5-NO2 and PM2.5-O3. We highlight the improvements in air quality control but emphasize the need for targeted measures addressing specific pollutants and their compound events, particularly amidst rising temperatures.

Abstract. Open biomass burning has major impacts globally and regionally on atmospheric composition. Fire emissions include particulate matter, tropospheric ozone precursors, and greenhouse gases, as well as persistent organic pollutants, mercury, and other metals. Fire frequency, intensity, duration, and location are changing as the climate warms, and modelling these fires and their impacts is becoming more and more critical to inform climate adaptation and mitigation, as well as land management. Indeed, the air pollution from fires can reverse the progress made by emission controls on industry and transportation. At the same time, nearly all aspects of fire modelling \u2013 such as emissions, plume injection height, long-range transport, and plume chemistry \u2013 are highly uncertain. This paper outlines a multi-model, multi-pollutant, multi-regional study to improve the understanding of the uncertainties and variability in fire atmospheric science, models, and fires' impacts, in addition to providing quantitative estimates of the air pollution and radiative impacts of biomass burning. Coordinated under the auspices of the Task Force on Hemispheric Transport of Air Pollution, the international atmospheric modelling and fire science communities are working towards the common goal of improving global fire modelling and using this multi-model experiment to provide estimates of fire pollution for impact studies. This paper outlines the research needs, opportunities, and options for the fire-focused multi-model experiments and provides guidance for these modelling experiments, outputs, and analyses that are to be pursued over the next 3\u00a0to 5\u00a0years. The paper proposes a plan for delivering specific products at key points over this period to meet important milestones relevant to science and policy audiences.

", "keywords": ["Air pollution", "biomass burning Emissionen Klima Luftqualit\u00e4t", "Tropospheric ozone", "7. Clean energy", "Fires", "Surface ozone", "11. Sustainability", "SDG 13 - Climate Action", "\u00c0rees tem\u00e0tiques de la UPC::Enginyeria qu\u00edmica::Qu\u00edmica del medi ambient::Qu\u00edmica atmosf\u00e8rica", "QE1-996.5", "\u00c0rees tem\u00e0tiques de la UPC::Desenvolupament hum\u00e0 i sostenible::Degradaci\u00f3 ambiental::Canvi clim\u00e0tic", "Atmospheric composition", "Geology", "Sediment transport", "Southeast atlantic", "15. Life on land", "Reactive nitrogen", "Impact studies", "13. Climate action", "Air-quality", "Open biomass burning", "Biomass-burning aerosol", "Wild-land fires", "\u00c0rees tem\u00e0tiques de la UPC::Desenvolupament hum\u00e0 i sostenible::Degradaci\u00f3 ambiental::Contaminaci\u00f3 atmosf\u00e8rica", "Particulate matter", "Health impacts"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/2117/430875"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoscientific%20Model%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2117/430875", "name": "item", "description": "2117/430875", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2117/430875"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-08-28T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2117/166448", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:25:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-06-14", "title": "Monitoring the impact of desert dust outbreaks for air quality for health studies", "description": "We review the major features of desert dust outbreaks that are relevant to the assessment of dust impacts upon human health. Our ultimate goal is to provide scientific guidance for the acquisition of relevant population exposure information for epidemiological studies tackling the short and long term health effects of desert dust. We first describe the source regions and the typical levels of dust particles in regions close and far away from the source areas, along with their size, composition, and bio-aerosol load. We then describe the processes by which dust may become mixed with anthropogenic particulate matter (PM) and/or alter its load in receptor areas. Short term health effects are found during desert dust episodes in different regions of the world, but in a number of cases the results differ when it comes to associate the effects to the bulk PM, the desert dust-PM, or non-desert dust-PM. These differences are likely due to the different monitoring strategies applied in the epidemiological studies, and to the differences on atmospheric and emission (natural and anthropogenic) patterns of desert dust around the world. We finally propose methods to allow the discrimination of health effects by PM fraction during dust outbreaks, and a strategy to implement desert dust alert and monitoring systems for health studies and air quality management.", "keywords": ["Aerosols", "Air Movements", "Epidemiological studies", "Air Pollutants", "Pols mineral -- Tesis doctorals", "Epidemiology", ":Energies [\u00c0rees tem\u00e0tiques de la UPC]", "Atmospheric particulate matter", "Dust", "15. Life on land", "Mineral dust", "01 natural sciences", "Article", "3. Good health", "Environmental sciences", "13. Climate action", "\u00c0rees tem\u00e0tiques de la UPC::Energies", "Air Pollution", "11. Sustainability", "GE1-350", "Desert dust", "Dust control", "Environmental Monitoring", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/2117/166448"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environment%20International", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2117/166448", "name": "item", "description": "2117/166448", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2117/166448"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "3132814296", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:26:10Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Silicon isotopes in Arctic and sub-Arctic glacial meltwaters", "description": "Open AccessSupplement to: Hatton, Jade Elizabeth; Hendry, Katharine R; Hawkings, Jonathan; Wadham, Jemma; Opfergelt, Sophie; Kohler, Tyler; Yde, Jacob; Stibal, Marek; \u017d\u00e1rsk\u00fd, Jakub (2019): Silicon isotopes in Arctic and sub-Arctic glacial meltwaters: the role of the subglacial weathering in the silicon cycle. Proceedings of the Royal Society A-Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences, 475(2228)", "keywords": ["Silicon", "water", "Isotope CYcling in the LABrador Sea (ICY-LAB)", "silicon particulate amorphous", "electrical", "Chloride", "Chloride anion", "Sodium cation", "Temperature", " water", "Sulfate anion", "Silicon", " particulate amorphous", "particulate amorphous", "silicon dissolved", "DATE TIME", "Bicarbonate ion", "Magnesium", "Isotope CYcling in the LABrador Sea ICY LAB", "Glacier", "Fluoride", "LONGITUDE", "Ratio", "Calcium cation", "Conductivity", "Potassium cation", "pH", "Multiple investigations", "Sodium", "Temperature", "Suspended particulate matter", "\u03b430Si", "\u03b430Si", " silicon dissolved", "Conductivity", " electrical", "Sulfate", "Bicarbonate", "DATE/TIME", "13. Climate action", "Earth System Research", "LATITUDE", "Potassium", "Calcium", "\u03b430Si", " silicon particulate amorphous", "Magnesium cation"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Hatton, Jade Elizabeth, Hendry, Katharine R, Hawkings, Jonathan, Wadham, Jemma, Opfergelt, Sophie, Kohler, Tyler, Yde, Jacob, Stibal, Marek, \u017d\u00e1rsk\u00fd, Jakub,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/3132814296"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "3132814296", "name": "item", "description": "3132814296", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/3132814296"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "3159543879", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:26:13Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-05-04", "title": "Trade-offs between short-term mortality attributable to NO2 and O3 changes during the COVID-19 lockdown across major Spanish cities", "description": "The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic forced most countries to put in place lockdown measures to slow down the transmission of the virus. These lockdowns have led to temporal improvements in air quality. Here, we evaluate the changes in NO2 and O3 levels along with the associated impact upon premature mortality during the COVID-19 lockdown and deconfinement periods along the first epidemic wave across the provincial capital cities of Spain. We first quantify the change in pollutants solely due to the lockdown as the difference between business-as-usual (BAU) pollution levels, estimated with a machine learning-based meteorological normalization technique, and observed concentrations. Second, instead of using exposure-response functions between the pollutants and mortality reported in the literature, we fit conditional quasi-Poisson regression models to estimate city-specific associations between daily pollutant levels and non-accidental mortality during the period 2010-2018. Significant relative risk values are observed at lag 1 for NO2 (1.0047 [95% CI: 1.0014 to 1.0081]) and at lag 0 for O3 (1.0039 [1.0013 to 1.0065]). On average NO2 changed by -51% (intercity range -65.7 to -30.9%) and -36.4% (-53.7 to -11.6%), and O3 by -1.1% (-20.2 to 23.8%) and 0.6% (-12.4 to 23.0%), during the lockdown (57 days) and deconfinement (42 days) periods, respectively. We obtain a reduction in attributable mortality associated with NO2 changes of -119 (95% CI: -273 to -24) deaths over the lockdown, and of -53 (-114 to -10) deaths over the deconfinement. This was partially compensated by an increase in the attributable number of deaths, 14 (-72 to 99) during the lockdown, and 8 (-27 to 50) during the deconfinement, associated with the rise in O3 levels in the most populous cities during the analysed period, despite the overall small average reductions. Our study shows that the potential trade-offs between multiple air pollutants should be taken into account when evaluating the health impacts of environmental exposures.", "keywords": ["Air Pollutants", "SARS-CoV-2", "Nitrogen Dioxide", "COVID-19", "01 natural sciences", "Article", "3. Good health", "03 medical and health sciences", "0302 clinical medicine", "13. Climate action", "Air Pollution", "Communicable Disease Control", "Humans", "Particulate Matter", "Cities", "Pandemics", "Environmental Monitoring", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/3159543879"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Pollution", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "3159543879", "name": "item", "description": "3159543879", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/3159543879"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "PMC8093093", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:28:22Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-05-03", "title": "Trade-offs between short-term mortality attributable to NO2 and O3 changes during the COVID-19 lockdown across major Spanish cities", "description": "The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic forced most countries to put in place lockdown measures to slow down the transmission of the virus. These lockdowns have led to temporal improvements in air quality. Here, we evaluate the changes in NO2 and O3 levels along with the associated impact upon premature mortality during the COVID-19 lockdown and deconfinement periods along the first epidemic wave across the provincial capital cities of Spain. We first quantify the change in pollutants solely due to the lockdown as the difference between business-as-usual (BAU) pollution levels, estimated with a machine learning-based meteorological normalization technique, and observed concentrations. Second, instead of using exposure-response functions between the pollutants and mortality reported in the literature, we fit conditional quasi-Poisson regression models to estimate city-specific associations between daily pollutant levels and non-accidental mortality during the period 2010-2018. Significant relative risk values are observed at lag 1 for NO2 (1.0047 [95% CI: 1.0014 to 1.0081]) and at lag 0 for O3 (1.0039 [1.0013 to 1.0065]). On average NO2 changed by -51% (intercity range -65.7 to -30.9%) and -36.4% (-53.7 to -11.6%), and O3 by -1.1% (-20.2 to 23.8%) and 0.6% (-12.4 to 23.0%), during the lockdown (57 days) and deconfinement (42 days) periods, respectively. We obtain a reduction in attributable mortality associated with NO2 changes of -119 (95% CI: -273 to -24) deaths over the lockdown, and of -53 (-114 to -10) deaths over the deconfinement. This was partially compensated by an increase in the attributable number of deaths, 14 (-72 to 99) during the lockdown, and 8 (-27 to 50) during the deconfinement, associated with the rise in O3 levels in the most populous cities during the analysed period, despite the overall small average reductions. Our study shows that the potential trade-offs between multiple air pollutants should be taken into account when evaluating the health impacts of environmental exposures.", "keywords": ["Air Pollutants", "SARS-CoV-2", "Nitrogen Dioxide", "COVID-19", "01 natural sciences", "Article", "3. Good health", "03 medical and health sciences", "0302 clinical medicine", "13. 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