Resource control over abundance, structure and functional diversity of soil microbial communities is a key determinant of soil processes and related ecosystem functioning. Copiotrophic organisms tend to be found in environments which are rich in nutrients, particularly carbon, in contrast to oligotrophs, which survive in much lower carbon concentrations.
We hypothesized that microbial biomass, activity and community structure in nutrient\uffe2\uff80\uff90poor soils of an Amazonian rain forest are limited by multiple elements in interaction. We tested this hypothesis with a fertilization experiment by adding C (as cellulose), N (as urea) and P (as phosphate) in all possible combinations to a total of 40 plots of an undisturbed tropical forest in French Guiana.
After 2\uffc2\uffa0years of fertilization, we measured a 47% higher biomass, a 21% increase in substrate\uffe2\uff80\uff90induced respiration rate and a 5\uffe2\uff80\uff90fold higher rate of decomposition of cellulose paper discs of soil microbial communities that grew in P\uffe2\uff80\uff90fertilized plots compared to plots without P fertilization. These responses were amplified with a simultaneous C fertilization suggesting P and C colimitation of soil micro\uffe2\uff80\uff90organisms at our study site.
Moreover, P fertilization modified microbial community structure (PLFAs) to a more copiotrophic bacterial community indicated by a significant decrease in the Gram\uffe2\uff80\uff90positive\uffc2\uffa0:\uffc2\uffa0Gram\uffe2\uff80\uff90negative ratio. The Fungi\uffc2\uffa0:\uffc2\uffa0Bacteria ratio increased in N fertilized plots, suggesting that fungi are relatively more limited by N than bacteria. Changes in microbial community structure did not affect rates of general processes such as glucose mineralization and cellulose paper decomposition. In contrast, community level physiological profiles under P fertilization combined with either C or N fertilization or both differed strongly from all other treatments, indicating functionally different microbial communities.
While P appears to be the most critical from the three major elements we manipulated, the strongest effects were observed in combination with either supplementary C or N addition in support of multiple element control on soil microbial functioning and community structure.
We conclude that the soil microbial community in the studied tropical rain forest and the processes it drives is finely tuned by the relative availability in C, N and P. Any shifts in the relative abundance of these key elements may affect spatial and temporal heterogeneity in microbial community structure, their associated functions and the dynamics of C and nutrients in tropical ecosystems.
", "keywords": ["tropical forest", "2. Zero hunger", "570", "phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA)", "[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "functional significance", "[SDV.EE.IEO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", " environment/Symbiosis", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "16. Peace & justice", "[SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "[SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "13. Climate action", "microbial community structure", "ecosystem functioning", "environment/Symbiosis", "[SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", "[SDV.EE.ECO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", " environment/Ecosystems", "[SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "multiple resource limitation", "[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "phosphorus", "environment/Ecosystems", "soil functioning"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.12329"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Functional%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/1365-2435.12329", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/1365-2435.12329", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/1365-2435.12329"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-09-29T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/nph.12569", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-26T16:18:56Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-10-31", "title": "Experimental Drought Reduces The Transfer Of Recently Fixed Plant Carbon To Soil Microbes And Alters The Bacterial Community Composition In A Mountain Meadow", "description": "Summary
Drought affects plants and soil microorganisms, but it is still not clear how it alters the carbon (C) transfer at the plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93microbial interface. Here, we tested direct and indirect effects of drought on soil microbes and microbial turnover of recent plant\uffe2\uff80\uff90derived C in a mountain meadow.
Microbial community composition was assessed using phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs); the allocation of recent plant\uffe2\uff80\uff90derived C to microbial groups was analysed by pulse\uffe2\uff80\uff90labelling of canopy sections with 13CO2 and the subsequent tracing of the label into microbial PLFAs.
Microbial biomass was significantly higher in plots exposed to a severe experimental drought. In addition, drought induced a shift of the microbial community composition, mainly driven by an increase of Gram\uffe2\uff80\uff90positive bacteria. Drought reduced belowground C allocation, but not the transfer of recently plant\uffe2\uff80\uff90assimilated C to fungi, and in particular reduced tracer uptake by bacteria. This was accompanied by an increase of 13C in the extractable organic C pool during drought, which was even more pronounced after plots were mown.
We conclude that drought weakened the link between plant and bacterial, but not fungal, C turnover, and facilitated the growth of potentially slow\uffe2\uff80\uff90growing, drought\uffe2\uff80\uff90adapted soil microbes, such as Gram\uffe2\uff80\uff90positive bacteria.
", "keywords": ["Time Factors", "Nitrogen", "Mowing", "Mountain grassland", "Carbon Cycle", "Microbial community composition", "Soil", "Biomass", "Ecosystem", "Soil Microbiology", "2. Zero hunger", "106022 Mikrobiologie", "Carbon Isotopes", "Drought", "Research", "Microbiota", "Water", "Carbon allocation", "Microclimate", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Carbon", "6. Clean water", "Droughts", "C pulse-labelling", "13. Climate action", "Austria", "Phospholipid fatty acids", "106022 Microbiology", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.12569"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/nph.12569", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/nph.12569", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/nph.12569"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-10-31T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2307/2640985", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-26T16:20:19Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-04-17", "description": "Elevated atmospheric CO2 has the potential to increase the production and alter the chemistry of organic substrates entering soil from plant production, the magnitude of which is constrained by soil-N availability. Because microbial growth in soil is limited by substrate inputs from plant production, we reasoned that changes in the amount and chemistry of these organic substrates could affect the composition of soil microbial com- munities and the cycling of N in soil. We studied microbial community composition and soil-N transformations beneath Populus tremuloides Michx. growing under experimental atmospheric CO2 (35.7 and 70.7 Pa) and soil-N-availability (low N 5 61 ng N\u00b7g 21 \u00b7d 21 and high N 5 319 ng N\u00b7g 21 \u00b7d 21 ) treatments. Atmospheric CO2 concentration was modified in large, open-top chambers, and we altered soil-N availability in open-bottom root boxes by mixing different proportions of A and C horizon material. We used phospholipid fatty-acid analysis to gain insight into microbial community composition and coupled this analysis to measurements of soil-N transformations using 15 N-pool dilution techniques. The infor- mation presented here is part of an integrated experiment designed to elucidate the phys- iological mechanisms controlling the flow of C and N in the plant-soil system. Our ob- jectives were (1) to determine whether changes in plant growth and tissue chemistry alter microbial community composition and soil-N cycling in response to increasing atmospheric CO2 and soil-N availability and (2) to integrate the results of our experiment into a synthesis of elevated atmospheric CO2 and the cycling of C and N in terrestrial ecosystems. After 2.5 growing seasons, microbial biomass, gross N mineralization, microbial im- mobilization, and nitrification (gross and net) were equivalent at ambient and elevated CO2, suggesting that increases in fine-root production and declines in fine-root N concentration were insufficient to alter the influence of native soil organic matter on microbial physiology; this was the case in both low- and high-N soil. Similarly, elevated CO2 did not alter the proportion of bacterial, actinomycetal, or fungal phospholipid fatty acids in low-N or high-N soil, indicating that changes in substrate input from greater plant growth under elevated CO2 did not alter microbial community composition. Our results differ from a substantial number of studies reporting increases and decreases in soil-N cycling under elevated CO 2. From our analysis, it appears that soil-N cycling responds to elevated atmospheric CO 2 in experimental situations where plant roots have fully colonized the soil and root-associated C inputs are sufficient to modify the influence of native soil organic matter on microbial physiology. In young developing ecosystems where plant roots have not fully exploited the soil, microbial metabolism appears to be regulated by relatively large pools of soil organic matter, rather than by the additional input of organic substrates under elevated CO 2.", "keywords": ["measurement-", "soil microorganisms", "Ecology and Evolutionary Biology", "nitrogen-: cycling-", "feedback", "microbial community composition", "techniques-", "Environmental-Sciences)", "01 natural sciences", "litter-plant", "biomass-", "gross and net", "124-38-9: CARBON DIOXIDE", "Spermatophytes-", "cycling-", "soil-organic-matter", "mineralization", "Spermatophyta-", "responses-", "phospholipid-fatty-acids", "2. Zero hunger", "Climatology- (Environmental-Sciences)", "Angiosperms-", "Angiospermae-", "Plants-", "global climate change", "microbial immobilization", "nutrient-", "Soil-Science", "6. Clean water", "metabolism-", "soil-N transformations", "transformation-", "substrates-", "7727-37-9: NITROGEN", "atmosphere-", "elevated atmospheric", "570", "nitrification-", "nitrogen immobilization", "Science", "Vascular-Plants", "poplars-", "phospholipid fatty acids (PFLAs)", "carbon-dioxide", "growth-", "soil-microbial-community-composition", "Salicaceae-: Dicotyledones-", "microbial-flora", "Populus tremuloides", "Plantae-", "organic-matter", "consortia-", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "communities-", "ecosystem", "analysis-", "atmospheric CO2 and soil-N availability", "soil-availability", "mineralization-", "carbon dioxide", "fatty-acids", "15. Life on land", "substrate-input", "Populus-tremuloides (Salicaceae-)", "13. Climate action", "roots-", "Terrestrial-Ecology (Ecology-", "composition-", "Dicots-", "immobilization-", "seasons-", "ecosystems-"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Zak, Donald R., Pregitzer, Kurt S., Curtis, Peter S., Holmes, William E.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2307/2640985"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecological%20Applications", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2307/2640985", "name": "item", "description": "10.2307/2640985", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2307/2640985"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2000-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2139/ssrn.4106102", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:20:13Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-05-28", "title": "Evaluation of Biostimulation, Bioaugmentation, and Organic Amendments Application on the Bioremediation of Recalcitrant Hydrocarbons of Soil", "description": "In the present work, the operational conditions for improving the degradation rates of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPHs) in contaminated soil from a machinery park were optimized at a microcosms scale along a 90- days incubation period. In this study, bioremediation strategies and an organic amendment have been tested to verify the remediation of soil contaminated with different hydrocarbons, mineral oils, and heavy metals. Specifically, designed biostimulation and bioaugmentation strategies were compared with and without adding vermicompost. The polluted soil harboring multiple contaminants, partially attenuated for years, was used. The initial profile showed enrichment in heavy linear alkanes, suggesting a previous moderate weathering. The application of vermicompost increased five and two times the amounts of available phosphorus (P) and exchangeable potassium (K), respectively, as a direct consequence of the organic amendment addition. The microbial activity increased due to soil acidification, which influenced the solubility of P and other micronutrients. It also impacted the predominance and variability of the different microbial groups and the incubation, as reflected by phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) results. An increase in the alkaline phosphatases and proteases linked to bacterial growth was displayed. This stimulation of microbial metabolism correlated with the degradation rates since TPHs degradation\u2019 efficiency after vermicompost addition reached 32.5% and 34.4% of the initial hydrocarbon levels for biostimulation and bioaugmentation, respectively. Although Polycyclic Aromatic", "keywords": ["Soil enzymes", "01 natural sciences", "Total petroleum hydrocarbons polluted soils", "Soil", "Bioaugmentation", "Alkanes", "Soil Pollutants", "Micronutrients", "Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons", "Materials", "Phospholipids", "Soil Microbiology", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Minerals", "Materiales", "Biostimulation", " Bioaugmentation", " Phospholipid fatty acids", " Total petroleum hydrocarbons polluted soils", " Soil enzymes", "Fatty Acids", "Phosphorus", "Phenanthrenes", "Hydrocarbons", "Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases", "6. Clean water", "Biostimulation", "Biodegradation", " Environmental", "Petroleum", "13. Climate action", "Phospholipid fatty acids", "Potassium", "Oils", "Biostimulation Bioaugmentation Phospholipid fatty acids Total petroleum hydrocarbons polluted soils Soil enzymes", "Peptide Hydrolases"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4106102"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/SSRN%20Electronic%20Journal", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2139/ssrn.4106102", "name": "item", "description": "10.2139/ssrn.4106102", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2139/ssrn.4106102"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/f7020045", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:20:45Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-02-19", "description": "Microbial-mediated decomposition and nutrient mineralization are major drivers of forest productivity. As landscape-scale fuel reduction treatments are being implemented throughout the fire-prone western United States of America, it is important to evaluate operationally how these wildfire mitigation treatments alter belowground processes. We quantified these important belowground components before and after management-applied fuel treatments of thinning alone, thinning combined with prescribed fire, and prescribed fire in ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) stands at the Southwest Plateau, Fire and Fire Surrogate site, Arizona. Fuel treatments did not alter pH, total carbon and nitrogen (N) concentrations, or base cations of the forest floor (O horizon) or mineral soil (0\uffe2\uff80\uff935 cm) during this 2-year study. In situ rates of net N mineralization and nitrification in the surface mineral soil (0\uffe2\uff80\uff9315 cm) increased 6 months after thinning with prescribed fire treatments; thinning only resulted in net N immobilization. The rates returned to pre-treatment levels after one year. Based on phospholipid fatty acid composition, microbial communities in treated areas were similar to untreated areas (control) in the surface organic horizon and mineral soil (0\uffe2\uff80\uff935 cm) after treatments. Soil potential enzyme activities were not significantly altered by any of the three fuel treatments. Our results suggest that a variety of one-time alternative fuel treatments can reduce fire hazard without degrading soil fertility.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Ecology", "Life on Land", "fuel treatments", "13. Climate action", "Forestry Sciences", "fuel treatments; nitrification; nitrogen mineralization; phospholipid fatty acids; soil enzymes", "Plant Biology", "phospholipid fatty acids", "15. Life on land", "soil enzymes", "nitrification", "nitrogen mineralization"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Overby, Steven T, Hart, Stephen C,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/7/2/45/pdf"}, {"href": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt54s4m5pt/qt54s4m5pt.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/f7020045"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Forests", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/f7020045", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/f7020045", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/f7020045"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-02-18T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5061/dryad.rbnzs7hf0", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "unspecified", "updated": "2026-07-26T16:21:30Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Biochar and nitrogen fertilizer promote rice yield by altering soil enzyme activity and microbial community structure", "description": "unspecifiedBiochar can significantly change soil properties and improve soil quality. However, the effects of long-term combined application of biochar (B) and nitrogen (N) fertilizer on relationships between soil enzyme activity, microbial community structure and crop yield are still obscure. We characterized these relationships in a long-term (8 years) field experiment with rice, two biochar rates of 0 and 13.5 t ha-1 year-1 (B0 and B) and two N fertilizer rates of 0 and 300 kg N ha-1 year-1 (N0 and N). The repeated, long-term combined applications of biochar and N fertilizer significantly increased microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen (MBC and MBN), but biochar decreased the abundance of total bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes, Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as the amount of total phospholipid fatty acids. The activity of leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) decreased significantly in the biochar-amended and N fertilized treatment, but the LAP activity either remained unchanged or increased with biochar amendment at N0. The relative abundance of bacterial phylum Chloroflexi was increased in the combined biochar and N fertilizer treatment. The changes in soil organic matter and the activity of \u03b1-1,4-xylosidase were the major properties influencing soil bacterial community composition, whereas the structure of fungal community was governed by MBC, MBN and LAP activity. In addition, long-term biochar and N fertilizer applied together significantly increased rice yield (more than biochar and nitrogen fertilizer applied alone). Yield was significantly positively correlated with LAP activity, but significantly negatively correlated with the relative abundance of Chloroflexi. In conclusion, long-term biochar and nitrogen fertilizer applications increased rice yield, which was associated with altered soil microbial community and enhanced activity of some enzymes.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Microbial community", "FOS: Agricultural sciences", "biochar", "phospholipid fatty acids", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "long-term experiment", "nitrogen fertilizer", "enzyme activity", "rice yield"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Zhang, Aiping", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.rbnzs7hf0"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5061/dryad.rbnzs7hf0", "name": "item", "description": "10.5061/dryad.rbnzs7hf0", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5061/dryad.rbnzs7hf0"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.6934168", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-26T16:23:31Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "In Situ Diversity of Metabolism and Carbon Use Efficiency among Soil Bacteria", "description": "Dataset for the MS", "keywords": ["Soil microbiology", " metabolic flux analysis", " phospholipid fatty acids"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Wu, Weichao, Dijkstra, Paul, Hungate, Bruce A., Lingling Shi, Dippold, Michaela,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6934168"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.6934168", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.6934168", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.6934168"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-07-29T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.6934169", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-26T16:23:31Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "In Situ Diversity of Metabolism and Carbon Use Efficiency among Soil Bacteria", "description": "Dataset for the MS", "keywords": ["Soil microbiology", " metabolic flux analysis", " phospholipid fatty acids"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Wu, Weichao, Dijkstra, Paul, Hungate, Bruce A., Lingling Shi, Dippold, Michaela,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6934169"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.6934169", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.6934169", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.6934169"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-07-29T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.8410341", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-26T16:23:46Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Dataset for the article \"Beyond PLFA: Concurrent extraction of neutral and glycolipid fatty acids provides new insights into soil microbial communities\"", "description": "The following are data and code used for statistical analysis and figure plotting in the manuscript Gorka et al. (2023) 'Beyond PLFA: Concurrent extraction of neutral and glycolipid fatty acids provides new insights into soil microbial communities', Soil Biology and Biochemistry It contains the following files: 1. Pure lipid standard data Total ion chromatogram (TIC) area data (area.csv) Assignment of lipids that the measured fatty acids originate from (LipidClass.csv) An R script reproducing the calculations and plotting for Fig. 2 and Fig. S1 (pure_lipids.R) 2. Microbial pure culture fatty acid data data TIC area data of the PLFA, NLFA, and GLFA data from pure culture extracts (area.csv) Files needed for calculating the data and assigning taxonomic groups in the R code (weights.csv, C_atoms.csv, species_list.csv) An R script reproducing the calculations and plotting for Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. S2, and Fig. S3 (pure_cultures.R) 3. Soil fatty acid data Absolute abundance data in nmol C g-1 dry weight of the PLFA, NLFA, and GLFA data from soil extracts (nmolC.csv) Taxonomic group assignments of fatty acids needed to run the R code (phylum.csv) An R script reproducing the calculations and plotting for Fig. 5, and Fig. S4 (soil.R)", "keywords": ["NLFA", "soil lipids", "soil fatty acid profiles", "phospholipid fatty acids", "GLFA"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Stefan, Gorka, Darcy, Sean, Horak, Julia, Imai, Bruna, Mohrlok, Moritz, Salas, Erika, Richter, Andreas, Schmidt, Hannes, Wanek, Wolfgang, Kaiser, Christina, Canarini, Alberto,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8410341"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.8410341", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.8410341", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.8410341"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-10-05T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.8410340", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-26T16:23:46Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Dataset for the article \"Beyond PLFA: Concurrent extraction of neutral and glycolipid fatty acids provides new insights into soil microbial communities\"", "description": "The following are data and code used for statistical analysis and figure plotting in the manuscript Gorka et al. (2023) 'Beyond PLFA: Concurrent extraction of neutral and glycolipid fatty acids provides new insights into soil microbial communities', Soil Biology and Biochemistry It contains the following files: 1. Pure lipid standard data Total ion chromatogram (TIC) area data (area.csv) Assignment of lipids that the measured fatty acids originate from (LipidClass.csv) An R script reproducing the calculations and plotting for Fig. 2 and Fig. S1 (pure_lipids.R) 2. Microbial pure culture fatty acid data data TIC area data of the PLFA, NLFA, and GLFA data from pure culture extracts (area.csv) Files needed for calculating the data and assigning taxonomic groups in the R code (weights.csv, C_atoms.csv, species_list.csv) An R script reproducing the calculations and plotting for Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. S2, and Fig. S3 (pure_cultures.R) 3. Soil fatty acid data Absolute abundance data in nmol C g-1 dry weight of the PLFA, NLFA, and GLFA data from soil extracts (nmolC.csv) Taxonomic group assignments of fatty acids needed to run the R code (phylum.csv) An R script reproducing the calculations and plotting for Fig. 5, and Fig. S4 (soil.R)", "keywords": ["NLFA", "soil lipids", "soil fatty acid profiles", "phospholipid fatty acids", "GLFA"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Gorka Stefan, Sean Darcy, Julia Horak, Bruna Imai, Moritz Mohrlok, Erika Salas, Andreas Richter, Hannes Schmidt, Wolfgang Wanek, Christina Kaiser, Alberto Canarini,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8410340"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.8410340", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.8410340", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.8410340"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-10-05T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10259/7423", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-26T16:24:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-05-28", "title": "Evaluation of Biostimulation, Bioaugmentation, and Organic Amendments Application on the Bioremediation of Recalcitrant Hydrocarbons of Soil", "description": "In the present work, the operational conditions for improving the degradation rates of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPHs) in contaminated soil from a machinery park were optimized at a microcosms scale along a 90- days incubation period. In this study, bioremediation strategies and an organic amendment have been tested to verify the remediation of soil contaminated with different hydrocarbons, mineral oils, and heavy metals. Specifically, designed biostimulation and bioaugmentation strategies were compared with and without adding vermicompost. The polluted soil harboring multiple contaminants, partially attenuated for years, was used. The initial profile showed enrichment in heavy linear alkanes, suggesting a previous moderate weathering. The application of vermicompost increased five and two times the amounts of available phosphorus (P) and exchangeable potassium (K), respectively, as a direct consequence of the organic amendment addition. The microbial activity increased due to soil acidification, which influenced the solubility of P and other micronutrients. It also impacted the predominance and variability of the different microbial groups and the incubation, as reflected by phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) results. An increase in the alkaline phosphatases and proteases linked to bacterial growth was displayed. This stimulation of microbial metabolism correlated with the degradation rates since TPHs degradation\u2019 efficiency after vermicompost addition reached 32.5% and 34.4% of the initial hydrocarbon levels for biostimulation and bioaugmentation, respectively. Although Polycyclic Aromatic", "keywords": ["Soil enzymes", "01 natural sciences", "Total petroleum hydrocarbons polluted soils", "Soil", "Bioaugmentation", "Alkanes", "Soil Pollutants", "Micronutrients", "Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons", "Materials", "Phospholipids", "Soil Microbiology", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Minerals", "Materiales", "Fatty Acids", "Phosphorus", "Phenanthrenes", "Hydrocarbons", "Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases", "6. Clean water", "Biostimulation", "Biodegradation", " Environmental", "Petroleum", "13. Climate action", "Phospholipid fatty acids", "Potassium", "Oils", "Biostimulation Bioaugmentation Phospholipid fatty acids Total petroleum hydrocarbons polluted soils Soil enzymes", "Peptide Hydrolases"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10259/7423"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/SSRN%20Electronic%20Journal", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10259/7423", "name": "item", "description": "10259/7423", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10259/7423"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "11585/996230", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-26T16:25:01Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-10-10", "title": "Beyond PLFA: Concurrent extraction of neutral and glycolipid fatty acids provides new insights into soil microbial communities", "description": "The analysis of phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) is one of the most common methods used to quantify the abundance, and analyse the community structure, of soil microbes. The PLFA extraction method can yield two additional lipid fractions\u2014neutral lipids and glycolipids\u2014which potentially hold additional, valuable information on soil microbial communities. Yet its quantitative sensitivity on complete neutral lipid (NLFA) and glycolipid fatty acid (GLFA) profiles has never been validated. In this study we tested (i) if the high-throughput PLFA method can be expanded to concurrently extract complete NLFA and GLFA profiles, as well as sterols, (ii) whether taxonomic specificities of signature fatty acids are retained across the three lipid fractions in pure culture strains, and (iii) whether NLFAs and GLFAs allow soil-specific fingerprinting to the same extent as PLFA analysis. By adjusting the polarity of chloroform with 2% ethanol for solid phase extraction, pure lipid standards were fully fractionated into neutral lipids, glycolipids, and phospholipids. Sterols eluted in the neutral lipid fraction, and a betaine lipid co-eluted with phospholipids. We found consistent taxonomic specificities of fatty acid markers across the three lipid fractions by analysing pure culture extracts representative of soil microbes. Fatty acid profiles from soil extracts, however, showed stronger differences between PLFAs, NLFAs, and GLFAs than between soil types. This indicates that PLFAs and NLFAs signify different community properties (biomass vs. carbon storage, putatively), and that GLFAs are sensitive markers for community traits which behave differently than PLFAs. Although we consistently found high abundances of characteristic sterols in fungal extracts, the PLFA extraction method only yielded miniscule amounts of ergosterol from soil extracts. We argue that concomitant measurement of fatty acid profiles from all three lipid fractions is a low-effort and potentially information-rich addition to the PLFA method, and discuss its applicability for soil microbial community analyses.", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "106022 Mikrobiologie", "0303 health sciences", "15. 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