{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1093/treephys/21.12-13.941", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-08-25T16:17:24Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-01-20", "title": "Growth And Dry-Matter Partitioning Of Young Populus Trichocarpa In Response To Carbon Dioxide Concentration And Mineral Nutrient Availability", "description": "Young individuals of a single black cottonwood (Populus trichocarpa Torr. & Gray) clone were raised for three growing seasons in whole-tree chambers and exposed to either ambient or elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration ([CO2]), with either a high or a low mineral nutrient supply, in a factorial experimental design. Nutrient availability had a larger effect on growth and dry matter partitioning than did [CO2]. Total biomass did not differ significantly with CO2 treatment when nutrient availability was low. However, elevated [CO2] increased whole-plant biomass by 47% in the high nutrient availability treatment. Carbon dioxide enrichment reduced leaf area ratio and specific leaf area significantly, but had no significant effect on mean leaf size or leaf mass ratio. Root mass ratio was significantly increased by elevated [CO2] at low, but not at high nutrient availability. A modified 'demographic harvesting approach' made possible the retrospective estimation of stem and branch dry masses for different years. The relative growth rates of stem and branch were significantly enhanced by elevated [CO2] with high, but not with low nutrient availability. Canopy productivity index (CPI), i.e., the amount of stem and branch wood produced annually per unit leaf area, was raised 12% by elevated [CO2] when nutrient availability was high, but was reduced when nutrient availability was low, because of increased below ground allocation.", "keywords": ["Plant Leaves", "0106 biological sciences", "Salicaceae", "Biomass", "Carbon Dioxide", "Photosynthesis", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Trees"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/21.12-13.941"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Tree%20Physiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1093/treephys/21.12-13.941", "name": "item", "description": "10.1093/treephys/21.12-13.941", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1093/treephys/21.12-13.941"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2001-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1093/treephys/21.18.1327", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:17:24Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-01-20", "title": "Carbon Uptake, Growth And Resource-Use Efficiency In One Invasive And Six Native Hawaiian Dry Forest Tree Species", "description": "Photosynthetic gas exchange, nitrogen- and water-use efficiency, leaf water potential and seasonal patterns of leaf production were studied in seven, dominant dry-forest species from the island of Lana'i, Hawaii, including the rapidly colonizing, non-native Schinus terebinthifolius (Raddi). We evaluated whether unique physiological characteristics of the invasive species explain its capacity to rapidly invade dry forests throughout the Hawaiian Islands. Apparent anomalies in stable carbon isotope data (delta13C) relative to other results led us to study effects of environmental conditions and physiological performance during leaf expansion on delta13C. Species that expanded all their foliage at the beginning of the wet season had more negative leaf delta13C values during the dry season than species with continuous leaf expansion. Among species, S. terebinthifolius had a strong seasonal pattern of leaf production and the most negative delta13C (-29 per thousand). With respect to almost every trait measured, S. terebinthifolius fell at an end of the range of values for the native species. Rapid growth of S. terebinthifolius in this ecosystem may be partially explained by its high maximum CO2 assimilation rates (15 micromol m-2 s-1), low leaf mass per area, high photosynthetic nitrogen-use efficiency per unit leaf mass or area and large decrease in stomatal conductance during the dry season. Relative to the native species, the invasive species exhibited striking phenotypic plasticity, including high rates of stem growth and water and CO2 uptake during the wet season, and maintenance of leaves and high leaf water potentials, as a result of reduced water loss, during the dry season, enabling it to utilize available resources effectively.", "keywords": ["Plant Leaves", "0106 biological sciences", "Nitrogen", "13. Climate action", "Anacardiaceae", "Seasons", "Carbon Dioxide", "Photosynthesis", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Hawaii", "Trees"], "contacts": [{"organization": "L. C. Stratton, Guillermo Goldstein,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/21.18.1327"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Tree%20Physiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1093/treephys/21.18.1327", "name": "item", "description": "10.1093/treephys/21.18.1327", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1093/treephys/21.18.1327"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2001-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1093/treephys/23.15.1051", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-08-25T16:17:25Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-01-20", "title": "Effects Of Elevated Carbon Dioxide Concentration On Growth And Nitrogen Fixation In Alnus Glutinosa In A Long-Term Field Experiment", "description": "Nitrogen-fixing plant species may respond more positively to elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations ([CO2]) than other species because of their ability to maintain a high internal nutrient supply. A key factor in the growth response of trees to elevated [CO2] is the availability of nitrogen, although how elevated [CO2] influences the rate of N2-fixation of nodulated trees growing under field conditions is unclear. To elucidate this relationship, we measured total biomass, relative growth rate, net assimilation rate (NAR), leaf area and net photosynthetic rate of N2-fixing Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn. (common alder) trees grown for 3 years in open-top chambers in the presence of either ambient or elevated atmospheric [CO2] and two soil N regimes: full nutrient solution or no fertilizer. Nitrogen fixation by Frankia spp. in the root nodules of unfertilized trees was assessed by the acetylene reduction method. We hypothesized that unfertilized trees would show similar positive growth and physiological responses to elevated [CO2] as the fertilized trees. Growth in elevated [CO2] stimulated (relative) net photosynthesis and (absolute) total biomass accumulation. Relative total biomass increased, and leaf nitrogen remained stable, only during the first year of the experiment. Toward the end of the experiment, signs of photosynthetic acclimation occurred, i.e., down-regulation of the photosynthetic apparatus. Relative growth rate was not significantly affected by elevated [CO2] because although NAR was increased, the effect on relative growth rate was negated by a reduction in leaf area ratio. Neither leaf area nor leaf P concentration was affected by growth in elevated [CO2]. Nodule mass increased on roots of unfertilized trees exposed to elevated [CO2] compared with fertilized trees exposed to ambient [CO2]. There was also a biologically significant, although not statistically significant, stimulation of nitrogenase activity in nodules exposed to elevated [CO2]. Root nodules of trees exposed to elevated [CO2] were smaller and more evenly spaced than root nodules of trees exposed to ambient [CO2]. The lack of an interaction between nutrient and [CO2] effects on growth, biomass and photosynthesis indicates that the unfertilized trees maintained similar CO2-induced growth and photosynthetic enhancements as the fertilized trees. This implies that alder trees growing in natural conditions, which are often limited by soil N availability, should nevertheless benefit from increasing atmospheric [CO2].", "keywords": ["Plant Leaves", "0106 biological sciences", "13. Climate action", "Nitrogen Fixation", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Carbon Dioxide", "Photosynthesis", "Alnus", "01 natural sciences", "Trees"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/23.15.1051"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Tree%20Physiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1093/treephys/23.15.1051", "name": "item", "description": "10.1093/treephys/23.15.1051", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1093/treephys/23.15.1051"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2003-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1093/treephys/25.11.1399", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:17:25Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-01-20", "title": "Net Carbon Storage In A Poplar Plantation (Popface) After Three Years Of Free-Air Co2 Enrichment", "description": "A high-density plantation of three genotypes of Populus was exposed to an elevated concentration of carbon dioxide ([CO(2)]; 550 micromol mol(-1)) from planting through canopy closure using a free-air CO(2) enrichment (FACE) technique. The FACE treatment stimulated gross primary productivity by 22 and 11% in the second and third years, respectively. Partitioning of extra carbon (C) among C pools of different turnover rates is of critical interest; thus, we calculated net ecosystem productivity (NEP) to determine whether elevated atmospheric [CO(2)] will enhance net plantation C storage capacity. Free-air CO(2) enrichment increased net primary productivity (NPP) of all genotypes by 21% in the second year and by 26% in the third year, mainly because of an increase in the size of C pools with relatively slow turnover rates (i.e., wood). In all genotypes in the FACE treatment, more new soil C was added to the total soil C pool compared with the control treatment. However, more old soil C loss was observed in the FACE treatment compared with the control treatment, possibly due to a priming effect from newly incorporated root litter. FACE did not significantly increase NEP, probably as a result of this priming effect.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "microbial biomass", "turnover", "dynamics", "populus", "temperature response functions", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "Plant Roots", "01 natural sciences", "Trees", "dioxide enrichment", "forest", "Soil", "Populus", "limited photosynthesis", "soil organic-matter", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "CO2", "Biomass", "elevated atmospheric co2"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/25.11.1399"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Tree%20Physiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1093/treephys/25.11.1399", "name": "item", "description": "10.1093/treephys/25.11.1399", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1093/treephys/25.11.1399"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1093/treephys/tpp079", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-08-25T16:17:25Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-09-30", "title": "Low Moisture Availability Inhibits The Enhancing Effect Of Increased Soil Temperature On Net Photosynthesis Of White Birch (Betula Papyrifera) Seedlings Grown Under Ambient And Elevated Carbon Dioxide Concentrations", "description": "White birch (Betula papyrifera Marsh.) seedlings were grown under two carbon dioxide concentrations (ambient: 360 micromol mol(-1) and elevated: 720 micromol mol(-1)), three soil temperatures (5, 15 and 25 degrees C initially, increased to 7, 17 and 27 degrees C, respectively, 1 month later) and three moisture regimes (low: 30-40%; intermediate: 45-55% and high: 60-70% field water capacity) in greenhouses. In situ gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence were measured after 2 months of treatments. Net photosynthetic rate (A(n)) of seedlings grown under the intermediate and high moisture regimes increased from low to intermediate T(soil) and then decreased to high T(soil). There were no significant differences between the low and high T(soil), with the exception that A(n) was significantly higher under high than low T(soil) at the high moisture regime. No significant T(soil) effect on A(n) was observed at the low moisture regime. The intermediate T(soil) increased stomatal conductance (g(s)) only at intermediate and high but not at low moisture regime, whereas there were no significant differences between the low and high T(soil) treatments. Furthermore, the difference in g(s) between the intermediate and high T(soil) at high moisture regime was not statistically significant. The low moisture regime significantly reduced the internal to ambient CO2 concentration ratio at all T(soil). There were no significant individual or interactive effects of treatment on maximum carboxylation rate of Rubisco, light-saturated electron transport rate, triose phosphate utilization or potential photochemical efficiency of photosystem II. The results of this study suggest that soil moisture condition should be taken into account when predicting the responses of white birch to soil warming.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "0301 basic medicine", "Ribulose-Bisphosphate Carboxylase", "Temperature", "Water", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Soil", "03 medical and health sciences", "Seedlings", "Stress", " Physiological", "Photosynthesis", "Betula"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Qing-Lai Dang, Titus Fondo Ambebe,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpp079"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Tree%20Physiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1093/treephys/tpp079", "name": "item", "description": "10.1093/treephys/tpp079", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1093/treephys/tpp079"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-09-28T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1093/treephys/tps029", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:17:25Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-04-13", "title": "Physiological Response To Drought In Radiata Pine: Phytohormone Implication At Leaf Level", "description": "Pinus radiata D. Don is one of the most abundant species in the north of Spain. Knowledge of drought response mechanisms is essential to guarantee plantation survival under reduced water supply as predicted in the future. Tolerance mechanisms are being studied in breeding programs, because information on such mechanisms can be used for genotype selection. In this paper, we analyze the changes of leaf water potential, hydraulic conductance (K(leaf)), stomatal conductance and phytohormones under drought in P. radiata breeds (O1, O2, O3, O4, O5 and O6) from different climatology areas, hypothesizing that they could show variable drought tolerance. As a primary signal, drought decreased cytokinin (zeatin and zeatin riboside-Z\u2009+\u2009ZR) levels in needles parallel to K(leaf) and gas exchange. When Z\u2009+\u2009ZR decreased by 65%, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and abscisic acid (ABA) accumulation started as a second signal and increments were higher for IAA than for ABA. When plants decreased by 80%, Z\u2009+\u2009ZR and K(leaf) doubled their ABA and IAA levels, the photosystem II yield decreased and the electrolyte leakage increased. At the end of the drought period, less tolerant breeds increased IAA over 10-fold compared with controls. External damage also induced jasmonic acid accumulation in all breeds except in O5 (P. radiata var. radiata\u2009\u00d7\u2009var. cedrosensis), which accumulated salicylic acid as a defense mechanism. After rewatering, only the most tolerant plants recovered their K(leaf,) perhaps due to an IAA decrease and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid maintenance. From all phytohormones, IAA was the most representative 'water deficit signal' in P. radiata.", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "Genotype", "Indoleacetic Acids", "Climate", "Amino Acids", " Cyclic", "Photosystem II Protein Complex", "Cyclopentanes", "Breeding", "15. Life on land", "Pinus", "Adaptation", " Physiological", "6. Clean water", "Droughts", "Plant Leaves", "Electrolytes", "Isopentenyladenosine", "03 medical and health sciences", "Plant Growth Regulators", "Plant Stomata", "Oxylipins", "Photosynthesis", "Salicylic Acid", "Abscisic Acid", "Signal Transduction"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tps029"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Tree%20Physiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1093/treephys/tps029", "name": "item", "description": "10.1093/treephys/tps029", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1093/treephys/tps029"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1093/treephys/tps051", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-08-25T16:17:25Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-06-14", "title": "Effects Of Predicted Future And Current Atmospheric Temperature And [Co2] And High And Low Soil Moisture On Gas Exchange And Growth Of Pinus Taeda Seedlings At Cool And Warm Sites In The Species Range", "description": "Predicted future changes in air temperature and atmospheric CO(2) concentration ([CO(2)]), coupled with altered precipitation, are expected to substantially affect tree growth. Effects on growth may vary considerably across a species range, as temperatures vary from sub-optimal to supra-optimal for growth. We performed an experiment simultaneously at two locations in the current range of loblolly pine, a cool site and a warm site, to examine the effect of future climate conditions on growth of loblolly pine seedlings in contrasting regions of the species range. At both sites 1-year-old loblolly pine seedlings were grown in current (local ambient temperature and [CO(2)]) and predicted future atmospheric conditions (ambient +2 \u00b0C temperature and 700 \u03bcmol mol(-1) [CO(2)]). Additionally, high and low soil moisture treatments were applied within each atmospheric treatment at each site by altering the amount of water provided to the seedlings. Averaged across water treatments, photosynthesis (A(net)) was 31% greater at the cool site and 34% greater at the warm site in elevated temperature and [CO(2)] compared with ambient temperature. Biomass accumulation was also stimulated by 38% at the cool site and by 24% at the warm site in that treatment. These results suggest that a temperature increase of 2 \u00b0C coupled with an increase in [CO(2)] (predicted future climate) will create conditions favorable for growth of this species. Reduced soil moisture decreased growth in both current and predicted atmospheric conditions. Biomass accumulation and A(net) were reduced by \u223c39 and 17%, respectively, in the low water treatment. These results suggest that any benefit of future atmospheric conditions may be negated if soil moisture is reduced by altered precipitation patterns.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Analysis of Variance", "Atmosphere", "Temperature", "Humidity", "Pinus taeda", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Soil", "Species Specificity", "Seedlings", "13. Climate action", "Plant Stomata", "Biomass", "Seasons", "Photosynthesis"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tps051"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Tree%20Physiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1093/treephys/tps051", "name": "item", "description": "10.1093/treephys/tps051", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1093/treephys/tps051"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-06-12T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1093/treephys/tps133", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:17:25Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-02-01", "title": "Nitrogen Nutrition And Drought Hardening Exert Opposite Effects On The Stress Tolerance Of Pinus Pinea L. Seedlings", "description": "Functional attributes determine the survival and growth of planted seedlings in reforestation projects. Nitrogen (N) and water are important resources in the cultivation of forest species, which have a strong effect on plant functional traits. We analyzed the influence of N nutrition on drought acclimation of Pinus pinea L. seedlings. Specifically, we addressed if high N fertilization reduces drought and frost tolerance of seedlings and whether drought hardening reverses the effect of high N fertilization on stress tolerance. Seedlings were grown under two N fertilization regimes (6 and 100 mg N per plant) and subjected to three drought-hardening levels (well-watered, moderate and strong hardening). Water relations, gas exchange, frost damage, N concentration and growth at the end of the drought-hardening period, and survival and growth of seedlings under controlled xeric and mesic outplanting conditions were measured. Relative to low-N plants, high-N plants were larger, had higher stomatal conductance (27%), residual transpiration (11%) and new root growth capacity and closed stomata at higher water potential. However, high N fertilization also increased frost damage (24%) and decreased plasmalemma stability to dehydration (9%). Drought hardening reversed to a great extent the reduction in stress tolerance caused by high N fertilization as it decreased frost damage, stomatal conductance and residual transpiration by 21, 31 and 24%, respectively, and increased plasmalemma stability to dehydration (8%). Drought hardening increased tissue non-structural carbohydrates and N concentration, especially in high-fertilized plants. Frost damage was positively related to the stability of plasmalemma to dehydration (r\u2009=\u20090.92) and both traits were negatively related to the concentration of reducing soluble sugars. No differences existed between moderate and strong drought-hardening treatments. Neither N nutrition nor drought hardening had any clear effect on seedling performance under xeric outplanting conditions. However, fertilization increased growth under mesic conditions, whereas drought hardening decreased growth. We conclude that drought hardening and N fertilization applied under typical container nursery operational conditions exert opposite effects on the physiological stress tolerance of P. pinea seedlings. While drought hardening increases overall stress tolerance, N nutrition reduces it and yet has no effect on the drought acclimation capacity of seedlings.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Nitrogen", "Acclimatization", "Water", "Plant Transpiration", "15. Life on land", "Pinus", "Plant Roots", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Droughts", "Trees", "Cold Temperature", "Plant Leaves", "Seedlings", "Stress", " Physiological", "Plant Stomata", "Photosynthesis", "Fertilizers", "Plant Shoots"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tps133"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Tree%20Physiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1093/treephys/tps133", "name": "item", "description": "10.1093/treephys/tps133", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1093/treephys/tps133"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-01-30T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1093/treephys/tpt019", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:17:25Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-03-23", "title": "Synergistic, Additive And Antagonistic Impacts Of Drought And Herbivory On Pinus Sylvestris: Leaf, Tissue And Whole-Plant Responses And Recovery", "description": "Forests typically experience a mix of anthropogenic, natural and climate-induced stressors of different intensities, creating a mosaic of stressor combinations across the landscape. When multiple stressors co-occur, their combined impact on plant growth is often greater than expected based on single-factor studies (i.e., synergistic), potentially causing catastrophic dysfunction of physiological processes from an otherwise recoverable situation. Drought and herbivory are two stressors that commonly co-occur in forested ecosystems, and have the potential to 'overlap' in their impacts on various plant traits and processes. However, the combined impacts from these two stressors may not be predictable based on additive models from single-stressor studies. Moreover, the impacts and subsequent recovery may be strongly influenced by the relative intensities of each stressor. Here, we applied drought stress and simulated bark-feeding herbivory at three levels of intensity (control, moderate and severe) in a full factorial design on young Pinus sylvestris L. seedlings. We assessed if the combined effects from two stressors were additive (responses were equal to the sum of the single-factor effects), synergistic (greater than expected) or antagonistic (less than expected) on a suite of morphological and physiological traits at the leaf-, tissue- and whole-plant level. We additionally investigated whether recovery from herbivory was dependent on relief from drought. The two stressors had synergistic impacts on specific leaf area and water-use efficiency, additive effects on height and root-to-shoot ratios, but antagonistic effects on photosynthesis, conductance and, most notably, on root, shoot and whole-plant biomass. Nevertheless, the magnitude and direction of the combined impacts were often dependent on the relative intensities of each stressor, leading to many additive or synergistic responses from specific stressor combinations. Also, seedling recovery was far more dependent on the previous year's drought compared with the previous year's herbivory, demonstrating the influence of one stressor over another during recovery. Our study reveals for the first time, the importance of not only the presence or absence of drought and herbivory stressors, but also shows that their relative intensities are critical in determining the direction and magnitude of their impacts on establishing seedlings.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Water", "Pinus sylvestris", "Plant Transpiration", "15. Life on land", "Plant Roots", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Droughts", "Trees", "Plant Leaves", "Seedlings", "Stress", " Physiological", "Biomass", "Herbivory", "Photosynthesis", "Ecosystem", "Plant Shoots"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpt019"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Tree%20Physiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1093/treephys/tpt019", "name": "item", "description": "10.1093/treephys/tpt019", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1093/treephys/tpt019"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-03-21T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1093/treephys/tpt077", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:17:25Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-10-22", "title": "Photosynthesis of Quercus suber is affected by atmospheric NH3 generated by multifunctional agrosystems", "description": "Montados are evergreen oak woodlands dominated by Quercus species, which are considered to be key to biodiversity conservation and ecosystem services. This ecosystem is often used for cattle breeding in most regions of the Iberian Peninsula, which causes plants to receive extra nitrogen as ammonia (NH(3)) through the atmosphere. The effect of this atmospheric NH(3) (NH(3atm)) on ecosystems is still under discussion. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of an NH(3atm) concentration gradient downwind of a cattle barn in a Montado area. Leaves from the selected Quercus suber L. trees along the gradient showed a clear influence of the NH(3) on \u03b4(13)C, as a consequence of a strong limitation on the photosynthetic machinery by a reduction of both stomatal and mesophyll conductance. A detailed study of the impact of NH(3atm) on the photosynthetic performance of Q. suber trees is presented, and new mechanisms by which NH(3) affects photosynthesis at the leaf level are suggested.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "0301 basic medicine", "Carbon Isotopes", "Agriculture", "Plant Transpiration", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Trees", "Plant Leaves", "Quercus", "03 medical and health sciences", "Ammonia", "Plant Stomata", "Photosynthesis", "Mesophyll Cells", "Ecosystem"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://academic.oup.com/treephys/article-pdf/33/12/1328/4675950/tpt077.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpt077"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Tree%20Physiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1093/treephys/tpt077", "name": "item", "description": "10.1093/treephys/tpt077", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1093/treephys/tpt077"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-10-21T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1098/rstb.2017.0302", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:17:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-10-08", "title": "Tropical land carbon cycle responses to 2015/16 El Ni\u00f1o as recorded by atmospheric greenhouse gas and remote sensing data", "description": "<p>             The outstanding tropical land climate characteristic over the past decades is rapid warming, with no significant large-scale precipitation trends. This warming is expected to continue but the effects on tropical vegetation are unknown. El Ni\uffc3\uffb1o-related heat peaks may provide a test bed for a future hotter world. Here we analyse tropical land carbon cycle responses to the 2015/16 El Ni\uffc3\uffb1o heat and drought anomalies using an atmospheric transport inversion. Based on the global atmospheric CO             2             and fossil fuel emission records, we find no obvious signs of anomalously large carbon release compared with earlier El Ni\uffc3\uffb1o events, suggesting resilience of tropical vegetation. We find roughly equal net carbon release anomalies from Amazonia and tropical Africa, approximately 0.5 PgC each, and smaller carbon release anomalies from tropical East Asia and southern Africa. Atmospheric CO anomalies reveal substantial fire carbon release from tropical East Asia peaking in October 2015 while fires contribute only a minor amount to the Amazonian carbon flux anomaly. Anomalously large Amazonian carbon flux release is consistent with downregulation of primary productivity during peak negative near-surface water anomaly (October 2015 to March 2016) as diagnosed by solar-induced fluorescence. Finally, we find an unexpected anomalous positive flux to the atmosphere from tropical Africa early in 2016, coincident with substantial CO release.           </p>           <p>This article is part of a discussion meeting issue \uffe2\uff80\uff98The impact of the 2015/2016 El Ni\uffc3\uffb1o on the terrestrial tropical carbon cycle: patterns, mechanisms and implications\uffe2\uff80\uff99.</p>", "keywords": ["Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics", "FLUX", "0301 basic medicine", "Hot Temperature", "550", "551", "global warming", "01 natural sciences", "Carbon Cycle", "Greenhouse Gases", "03 medical and health sciences", "[SDU.STU.CL] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology", "CHEMICAL-TRANSPORT MODEL", "carbon cycle", "INVERSION", "Biology", "TEMPERATURE", "11 Medical and Health Sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "tropical forests", "El Nino-Southern Oscillation", "Evolutionary Biology", "Tropical Climate", "Science & Technology", "Atmosphere", "PHOTOSYNTHESIS", "EQUATORIAL PACIFIC", "Articles", "06 Biological Sciences", "15. Life on land", "[SDU.ENVI] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", " environment", "6. Clean water", "Droughts", "[SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology", "13. Climate action", "PRECIPITATION", "Remote Sensing Technology", "INDUCED CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE", "CO2", "[SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", "SENSITIVITY", "environment", "Life Sciences & Biomedicine", "fire"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/135234/8/Tropical%20land%20carbon%20cycle%20responses%20to%202015/16%20El%20Ni%C3%B1o%20as%20recorded%20by%20atmospheric%20greenhouse%20gas%20and%20remote%20sensing%20data.pdf"}, {"href": "https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rstb.2017.0302"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2017.0302"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Philosophical%20Transactions%20of%20the%20Royal%20Society%20B%3A%20Biological%20Sciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1098/rstb.2017.0302", "name": "item", "description": "10.1098/rstb.2017.0302", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1098/rstb.2017.0302"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-10-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/gcb.12666", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:17:38Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-06-21", "title": "Interactive Effects Of Elevated Co2 And Nitrogen Deposition On Fatty Acid Molecular And Isotope Composition Of Above- And Belowground Tree Biomass And Forest Soil Fractions", "description": "Abstract<p>Atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) and reactive nitrogen (N) concentrations have been increasing due to human activities and impact the global carbon (C) cycle by affecting plant photosynthesis and decomposition processes in soil. Large amounts of C are stored in plants and soils, but the mechanisms behind the stabilization of plant\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and microbial\uffe2\uff80\uff90derived organic matter (OM) in soils are still under debate and it is not clear how N deposition affects soil OM dynamics. Here, we studied the effects of 4\uffc2\uffa0years of elevated (13C\uffe2\uff80\uff90depleted) CO2 and N deposition in forest ecosystems established in open\uffe2\uff80\uff90top chambers on composition and turnover of fatty acids (FAs) in plants and soils. FAs served as biomarkers for plant\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and microbial\uffe2\uff80\uff90derived OM in soil density fractions. We analyzed above\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and belowground plant biomass of beech and spruce trees as well as soil density fractions for the total organic C and FA molecular and isotope (\uffce\uffb413C) composition. FAs did not accumulate relative to total organic C in fine mineral fractions, showing that FAs are not effectively stabilized by association with soil minerals. The \uffce\uffb413C values of FAs in plant biomass increased under high N deposition. However, the N effect was only apparent under elevated CO2 suggesting a N limitation of the system. In soil fractions, only isotope compositions of short\uffe2\uff80\uff90chain FAs (C16+18) were affected. Fractions of \uffe2\uff80\uff98new\uffe2\uff80\uff99 (experimental\uffe2\uff80\uff90derived) FAs were calculated using isotope depletion in elevated CO2 plots and decreased from free light to fine mineral fractions. \uffe2\uff80\uff98New\uffe2\uff80\uff99 FAs were higher in short\uffe2\uff80\uff90chain compared to long\uffe2\uff80\uff90chain FAs (C20\uffe2\uff88\uff9230), indicating a faster turnover of short\uffe2\uff80\uff90chain compared to long\uffe2\uff80\uff90chain FAs. Increased N deposition did not significantly affect the quantity of \uffe2\uff80\uff98new\uffe2\uff80\uff99 FAs in soil fractions, but showed a tendency of increased amounts of \uffe2\uff80\uff98old\uffe2\uff80\uff99 (pre\uffe2\uff80\uff90experimental) C suggesting that decomposition of \uffe2\uff80\uff98old\uffe2\uff80\uff99 C is retarded by high N inputs.</p>", "keywords": ["UFSP13-8 Global Change and Biodiversity", "2306 Global and Planetary Change", "Chemical Fractionation", "Forests", "2300 General Environmental Science", "Soil", "Fagus", "Environmental Chemistry", "Biomass", "Photosynthesis", "Picea", "General Environmental Science", "2. Zero hunger", "Global and Planetary Change", "Analysis of Variance", "Carbon Isotopes", "Ecology", "Atmosphere", "Fatty Acids", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "Reactive Nitrogen Species", "13. Climate action", "2304 Environmental Chemistry", "570 Life sciences; biology", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "2303 Ecology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12666"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/gcb.12666", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/gcb.12666", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/gcb.12666"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-07-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/gcb.13268", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-08-25T16:17:38Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-03-06", "title": "Using models to guide field experiments: a priori predictions for the CO 2 response of a nutrient- and water-limited native Eucalypt woodland", "description": "Abstract<p>The response of terrestrial ecosystems to rising atmospheric CO2 concentration (Ca), particularly under nutrient\uffe2\uff80\uff90limited conditions, is a major uncertainty in Earth System models. The Eucalyptus Free\uffe2\uff80\uff90Air CO2 Enrichment (EucFACE) experiment, recently established in a nutrient\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and water\uffe2\uff80\uff90limited woodland presents a unique opportunity to address this uncertainty, but can best do so if key model uncertainties have been identified in advance. We applied seven vegetation models, which have previously been comprehensively assessed against earlier forest FACE experiments, to simulate a priori possible outcomes from EucFACE. Our goals were to provide quantitative projections against which to evaluate data as they are collected, and to identify key measurements that should be made in the experiment to allow discrimination among alternative model assumptions in a postexperiment model intercomparison. Simulated responses of annual net primary productivity (NPP) to elevated Ca ranged from 0.5 to 25% across models. The simulated reduction of NPP during a low\uffe2\uff80\uff90rainfall year also varied widely, from 24 to 70%. Key processes where assumptions caused disagreement among models included nutrient limitations to growth; feedbacks to nutrient uptake; autotrophic respiration; and the impact of low soil moisture availability on plant processes. Knowledge of the causes of variation among models is now guiding data collection in the experiment, with the expectation that the experimental data can optimally inform future model improvements.</p>", "keywords": ["[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "550", "[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]", "Climate Change", "ecosystem model", "drought", "Forests", "551", "01 natural sciences", "Carbon Cycle", "XXXXXX - Unknown", "phosphorus", "Photosynthesis", "Ecosystem", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "580", "2. Zero hunger", "Eucalyptus", "droughts", "carbon dioxide", "Water", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "Eucalyptus tereticornis", "[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]", "13. Climate action", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "ecosystems"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.13268"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13268"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/gcb.13268", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/gcb.13268", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/gcb.13268"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-05-09T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/gcb.14325", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-08-25T16:17:39Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-05-26", "title": "Biotic responses buffer warming-induced soil organic carbon loss in Arctic tundra", "description": "Abstract<p>Climate warming can result in both abiotic (e.g., permafrost thaw) and biotic (e.g., microbial functional genes) changes in Arctic tundra. Recent research has incorporated dynamic permafrost thaw in Earth system models (ESMs) and indicates that Arctic tundra could be a significant future carbon (C) source due to the enhanced decomposition of thawed deep soil C. However, warming\uffe2\uff80\uff90induced biotic changes may influence biologically related parameters and the consequent projections inESMs. How model parameters associated with biotic responses will change under warming and to what extent these changes affect projected C budgets have not been carefully examined. In this study, we synthesized six data sets over 5\uffc2\uffa0years from a soil warming experiment at the Eight Mile Lake, Alaska, into the TerrestrialECOsystem (TECO) model with a probabilistic inversion approach. TheTECOmodel used multiple soil layers to track dynamics of thawed soil under different treatments. Our results show that warming increased light use efficiency of vegetation photosynthesis but decreased baseline (i.e., environment\uffe2\uff80\uff90corrected) turnover rates ofSOCin both the fast and slow pools in comparison with those under control. Moreover, the parameter changes generally amplified over time, suggesting processes of gradual physiological acclimation and functional gene shifts of both plants and microbes. TheTECOmodel predicted that field warming from 2009 to 2013 resulted in cumulative C losses of 224 or 87\uffc2\uffa0g/m2, respectively, without or with changes in those parameters. Thus, warming\uffe2\uff80\uff90induced parameter changes reduced predicted soil C loss by 61%. Our study suggests that it is critical to incorporate biotic changes inESMs to improve the model performance in predicting C dynamics in permafrost regions.</p>", "keywords": ["550", "Climate Change", "Permafrost", "acclimation", "carbon modeling", "01 natural sciences", "climate warming", "Soil", "Theoretical", "Models", "soil carbon", "Photosynthesis", "biotic responses", "data assimilation", "Tundra", "Soil Microbiology", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "Ecology", "500", "Biological Sciences", "Models", " Theoretical", "Plants", "15. Life on land", "Carbon", "Climate Action", "Environmental sciences", "Biological sciences", "Earth sciences", "13. Climate action", "Environmental Sciences", "Alaska", "permafrost"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.14325"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14325"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/gcb.14325", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/gcb.14325", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/gcb.14325"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-06-12T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/gcb.15277", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:17:40Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-07-12", "title": "Low phosphorus supply constrains plant responses to elevated CO 2 : A meta\u2010analysis", "description": "Abstract<p>Phosphorus (P) is an essential macro\uffe2\uff80\uff90nutrient required for plant metabolism and growth. Low P availability could potentially limit plant responses to elevated carbon dioxide (eCO2), but consensus has yet to be reached on the extent of this limitation. Here, based on data from experiments that manipulated both CO2 and P for young individuals of woody and non\uffe2\uff80\uff90woody species, we present a meta\uffe2\uff80\uff90analysis of P limitation impacts on plant growth, physiological, and morphological response to eCO2. We show that low P availability attenuated plant photosynthetic response to eCO2 by approximately one\uffe2\uff80\uff90quarter, leading to a reduced, but still positive photosynthetic response to eCO2 compared to those under high P availability. Furthermore, low P limited plant aboveground, belowground, and total biomass responses to eCO2, by 14.7%, 14.3%, and 12.4%, respectively, equivalent to an approximate halving of the eCO2 responses observed under high P availability. In comparison, low P availability did not significantly alter the eCO2\uffe2\uff80\uff90induced changes in plant tissue nutrient concentration, suggesting tissue nutrient flexibility is an important mechanism allowing biomass response to eCO2 under low P availability. Low P significantly reduced the eCO2\uffe2\uff80\uff90induced increase in leaf area by 14.3%, mirroring the aboveground biomass response, but low P did not affect the eCO2\uffe2\uff80\uff90induced increase in root length. Woody plants exhibited stronger attenuation effect of low P on aboveground biomass response to eCO2 than non\uffe2\uff80\uff90woody plants, while plants with different mycorrhizal associations showed similar responses to low P and eCO2 interaction. This meta\uffe2\uff80\uff90analysis highlights crucial data gaps in capturing plant responses to eCO2 and low P availability. Field\uffe2\uff80\uff90based experiments with longer\uffe2\uff80\uff90term exposure of both CO2 and P manipulations are critically needed to provide ecosystem\uffe2\uff80\uff90scale understanding. Taken together, our results provide a quantitative baseline to constrain model\uffe2\uff80\uff90based hypotheses of plant responses to eCO2 under P limitation, thereby improving projections of future global change impacts.</p>", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "910", "01 natural sciences", "XXXXXX - Unknown", "soil phosphorus", "Humans", "phosphorus", "Photosynthesis", "mycorrhizae", "soils", "Ecosystem", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "580", "nutrient concentration", "2. Zero hunger", "plant morphology", "biomass", "plants", "carbon dioxide", "Phosphorus", "mycorrhizas", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "Plants", "15. Life on land", "leaf gas exchange", "meta-analysis", "plant nutrient uptake", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.15277"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15277"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/gcb.15277", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/gcb.15277", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/gcb.15277"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-07-31T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/gcb.15658", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-08-25T16:17:40Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-04-28", "title": "Greening drylands despite warming consistent with carbon dioxide fertilization effect", "description": "Abstract<p>The rising atmospheric CO2 concentration leads to a CO2 fertilization effect on plants\uffe2\uff80\uff94that is, increased photosynthetic uptake of CO2 by leaves and enhanced water\uffe2\uff80\uff90use efficiency (WUE). Yet, the resulting net impact of CO2 fertilization on plant growth and soil moisture (SM) savings at large scale is poorly understood. Drylands provide a natural experimental setting to detect the CO2 fertilization effect on plant growth since foliage amount, plant water\uffe2\uff80\uff90use and photosynthesis are all tightly coupled in water\uffe2\uff80\uff90limited ecosystems. A long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term change in the response of leaf area index (LAI, a measure of foliage amount) to changes in SM is likely to stem from changing water demand of primary productivity in water\uffe2\uff80\uff90limited ecosystems and is a proxy for changes in WUE. Using 34\uffe2\uff80\uff90year satellite observations of LAI and SM over tropical and subtropical drylands, we identify that a 1% increment in SM leads to 0.15% (\uffc2\uffb10.008, 95% confidence interval) and 0.51% (\uffc2\uffb10.01, 95% confidence interval) increments in LAI during 1982\uffe2\uff80\uff921998 and 1999\uffe2\uff80\uff922015, respectively. The increasing response of LAI to SM has contributed 7.2% (\uffc2\uffb13.0%, 95% confidence interval) to total dryland greening during 1999\uffe2\uff80\uff922015 compared to 1982\uffe2\uff80\uff921998. The increasing response of LAI to SM is consistent with the CO2 fertilization effect on WUE in water\uffe2\uff80\uff90limited ecosystems, indicating that a given amount of SM has sustained greater amounts of photosynthetic foliage over time. The LAI responses to changes in SM from seven dynamic global vegetation models are not always consistent with observations, highlighting the need for improved process knowledge of terrestrial ecosystem responses to rising atmospheric CO2 concentration.</p>", "keywords": ["[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "0301 basic medicine", "info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/550", "550", "ddc:550", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Earth sciences", "Soil", "03 medical and health sciences", "13. Climate action", "Fertilization", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "Photosynthesis", "Ecosystem", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.15658"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15658"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/gcb.15658", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/gcb.15658", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/gcb.15658"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-05-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01118.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:17:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-04-23", "title": "Woody Biomass Production During The Second Rotation Of A Bio-Energy Populus Plantation Increases In A Future High Co2 World", "description": "Abstract<p>The quickly rising atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2)\uffe2\uff80\uff90levels, justify the need to explore all carbon (C) sequestration possibilities that might mitigate the current CO2increase. Here, we report the likely impact of future increases in atmospheric CO2on woody biomass production of three poplar species (Populus albaL. clone 2AS\uffe2\uff80\uff9011,Populus nigraL. clone Jean Pourtet andPopulus\uffc3\uff97euramericanaclone I\uffe2\uff80\uff90214). Trees were growing in a high\uffe2\uff80\uff90density coppice plantation during the second rotation (i.e., regrowth after coppice; 2002\uffe2\uff80\uff932004; POPFACE/EUROFACE). Six plots were studied, half of which were continuously fumigated with CO2(FACE; free air carbon dioxide enrichment of 550\uffe2\uff80\uff83ppm). Half of each plot was fertilized to study the interaction between CO2and nutrient fertilization. At the end of the second rotation, selective above\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and belowground harvests were performed to estimate the productivity of this bio\uffe2\uff80\uff90energy plantation. Fertilization did not affect growth of the poplar trees, which was likely because of the high rates of fertilization during the previous agricultural land use. In contrast, elevated CO2enhanced biomass production by up to 29%, and this stimulation did not differ between above\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and belowground parts. The increased initial stump size resulting from elevated CO2during the first rotation (1999\uffe2\uff80\uff932001) could not solely explain the observed final biomass increase. The larger leaf area index after canopy closure and the absence of any major photosynthetic acclimation after 6 years of fumigation caused the sustained CO2\uffe2\uff80\uff90induced biomass increase after coppice. These results suggest that, under future CO2concentrations, managed poplar coppice systems may exhibit higher potential for C sequestration and, thus, help mitigate climate change when used as a source of C\uffe2\uff80\uff90neutral energy.</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "580", "0106 biological sciences", "570", "atmospheric co2", "elevated co2", "n-fertilization", "Global and Planetary Change", "Ecology", "growth", "enrichment face", "hybrid poplar", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy", "01 natural sciences", "pinus-taeda", "poplar plantation", "Bio-energy; Biomass distribution; EUROFACE; FACE; Fertilization; Leaf area index; Photosynthesis; Populus; Short rotation coppice; Woody biomass", "13. Climate action", "no3 availability", "Environmental Chemistry", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "water-stress", "General Environmental Science"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01118.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01118.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01118.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01118.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-04-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/nph.19724", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-08-25T16:17:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-03-29", "title": "Aerobic methane production in Scots pine shoots is independent of drought or photosynthesis", "description": "Summary<p> <p>Shoot\uffe2\uff80\uff90level emissions of aerobically produced methane (CH4) may be an overlooked source of tree\uffe2\uff80\uff90derived CH4, but insufficient understanding of the interactions between their environmental and physiological drivers still prevents the reliable upscaling of canopy CH4 fluxes.</p> <p>We utilised a novel automated chamber system to continuously measure CH4 fluxes from the shoots of Pinus sylvestris (Scots pine) saplings under drought to investigate how canopy CH4 fluxes respond to the drought\uffe2\uff80\uff90induced alterations in their physiological processes and to isolate the shoot\uffe2\uff80\uff90level production of CH4 from soil\uffe2\uff80\uff90derived transport and photosynthesis.</p> <p>We found that aerobic CH4 emissions are not affected by the drought\uffe2\uff80\uff90induced stress, changes in physiological processes, or decrease in photosynthesis. Instead, these emissions vary on short temporal scales with environmental drivers such as temperature, suggesting that they result from abiotic degradation of plant compounds.</p> <p>Our study shows that aerobic CH4 emissions from foliage are distinct from photosynthesis\uffe2\uff80\uff90related processes. Thus, instead of photosynthesis rates, it is more reliable to construct regional and global estimates for the aerobic CH4 emission based on regional differences in foliage biomass and climate, also accounting for short\uffe2\uff80\uff90term variations of weather variables such as air temperature and solar radiation.</p> </p", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "0303 health sciences", "methane", "Temperature", "Forestry", "Pinus sylvestris", "15. Life on land", "Aerobiosis", "Droughts", "Plant Leaves", "aerobic methane production", "03 medical and health sciences", "13. Climate action", "Scots pine", "boreal forests", "plant-mediated emissions", "Biomass", "Photosynthesis", "Methane", "Plant Shoots"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/nph.19724"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.19724"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/nph.19724", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/nph.19724", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/nph.19724"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-03-29T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01724.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:17:47Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-10-15", "title": "Interactive Effects Of Water Table And Precipitation On Net Co2 Assimilation Of Three Co-Occurring Sphagnum Mosses Differing In Distribution Above The Water Table", "description": "Abstract<p>Sphagnum cuspidatum,S. magellanicumandS. rubellumare three co\uffe2\uff80\uff90occurring peat mosses, which naturally have a different distribution along the microtopographical gradient of the surface of peatlands. We set out an experiment to assess the interactive effects of water table (low: \uffe2\uff88\uff9210\uffe2\uff80\uff83cm and high: \uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffe2\uff80\uff83cm) and precipitation (present or absent) on the CO2assimilation and evaporation of these species over a 23\uffe2\uff80\uff90day period. Additionally, we measured which sections of the moss layer were responsible for light absorption and bulk carbon uptake. Thereafter, we investigated how water content affected carbon uptake by the mosses. Our results show that at high water table, CO2assimilation of all species gradually increased over time, irrespective of the precipitation. At low water table, net CO2assimilation of all species declined over time, with the earliest onset and highest rate of decline forS. cuspidatum. Precipitation compensated for reduced water tables and positively affected the carbon uptake of all species. Almost all light absorption occurred in the first centimeter of theSphagnumvegetation and so did net CO2assimilation. CO2assimilation rate showed species\uffe2\uff80\uff90specific relationships with capitulum water content, with narrow but contrasting optima forS. cuspidatumandS. rubellum. Assimilation byS. magellanicumwas constant at a relatively low rate over a broad range of capitulum water contents. Our study indicates that prolonged drought may alter the competitive balance between species, favoring hummock species over hollow species. Moreover, this study shows that precipitation is at least equally important as water table drawdown and should be taken into account in predictions about the fate of peatlands with respect to climate change.</p>", "keywords": ["photosynthesis", "tolerance", "biomass", "growth", "exchange", "temperature", "peat bog", "15. Life on land", "fuscum", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "desiccation", "level", "13. Climate action", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01724.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01724.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01724.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01724.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-02-06T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02003.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:17:48Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-06-22", "title": "Exposure To Preindustrial, Current And Future Atmospheric Co2 And Temperature Differentially Affects Growth And Photosynthesis In Eucalyptus", "description": "Abstract<p>To investigate if Eucalyptus species have responded to industrial\uffe2\uff80\uff90age climate change, and how they may respond to a future climate, we measured growth and physiology of fast\uffe2\uff80\uff90 (E. saligna) and slow\uffe2\uff80\uff90growing (E. sideroxylon) seedlings exposed to preindustrial (290), current (400) or projected (650\uffe2\uff80\uff83\uffce\uffbcL\uffe2\uff80\uff83L\uffe2\uff88\uff921) CO2 concentration ([CO2]) and to current or projected (current +4\uffe2\uff80\uff83\uffc2\uffb0C) temperature. To evaluate maximum potential treatment responses, plants were grown with nonlimiting soil moisture. We found that: (1) E. sideroxylon responded more strongly to elevated [CO2] than to elevated temperature, while E. saligna responded similarly to elevated [CO2] and elevated temperature; (2) the transition from preindustrial to current [CO2] did not enhance eucalypt plant growth under ambient temperature, despite enhancing photosynthesis; (3) the transition from current to future [CO2] stimulated both photosynthesis and growth of eucalypts, independent of temperature; and (4) warming enhanced eucalypt growth, independent of future [CO2], despite not affecting photosynthesis. These results suggest large potential carbon sequestration by eucalypts in a future world, and highlight the need to evaluate how future water availability may affect such responses.</p>", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Eucalyptus", "photosynthesis", "13. Climate action", "growth", "atmospheric carbon dioxide", "high temperatures", "carbon dioxide", "soil moisture", "15. Life on land", "carbon sequestration", "01 natural sciences", "climatic changes"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02003.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02003.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02003.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02003.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-12-02T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02058.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:17:48Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-09-07", "title": "Maintenance Of Leaf N Controls The Photosynthetic Co2 Response Of Grassland Species Exposed To 9 Years Of Free-Air Co2 Enrichment", "description": "Abstract<p>Determining underlying physiological patterns governing plant productivity and diversity in grasslands are critical to evaluate species responses to future environmental conditions of elevated CO2 and nitrogen (N) deposition. In a 9\uffe2\uff80\uff90year experiment, N was added to monocultures of seven C3 grassland species exposed to elevated atmospheric CO2 (560\uffe2\uff80\uff83\uffce\uffbcmol\uffe2\uff80\uff83CO2\uffe2\uff80\uff83mol\uffe2\uff88\uff921) to evaluate how N addition affects CO2 responsiveness in species of contrasting functional groups. Functional groups differed in their responses to elevated CO2 and N treatments. Forb species exhibited strong down\uffe2\uff80\uff90regulation of leaf Nmass concentrations (\uffe2\uff88\uff9226%) and photosynthetic capacity (\uffe2\uff88\uff9228%) in response to elevated CO2, especially at high N supply, whereas C3 grasses did not. Hence, achieved photosynthetic performance was markedly enhanced for C3 grasses (+68%) in elevated CO2, but not significantly for forbs. Differences in access to soil resources between forbs and grasses may distinguish their responses to elevated CO2 and N addition. Forbs had lesser root biomass, a lower distribution of biomass to roots, and lower specific root length than grasses. Maintenance of leaf N, possibly through increased root foraging in this nutrient\uffe2\uff80\uff90poor grassland, was necessary to sustain stimulation of photosynthesis under long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term elevated CO2. Dilution of leaf N and associated photosynthetic down\uffe2\uff80\uff90regulation in forbs under elevated [CO2], relative to the C3 grasses, illustrates the potential for shifts in species composition and diversity in grassland ecosystems that have significant forb and grass components.</p>", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Nitrogen", "Science", "Ecology and Evolutionary Biology", "Poaceae C3 grass species", "carbon dioxide enrichment", "01 natural sciences", "nitrogen", "C 3 Grass Species", "FACE", "carbon cycle", "Species Functional Groups", "nitrogen cycle", "Free-air CO 2", "Carboxylation Rate", "Photosynthesis", "2. Zero hunger", "photosynthesis", "species diversity", "Geology and Earth Sciences", "carbon dioxide", "Carboxylation rate", "15. Life on land", "Species functional groups", "grasses", "Free-air CO2", "Keywords: angiosperm", "grassland"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/63064/5/Crous-etal_GCB2009-doi-online.pdf.jpg"}, {"href": "https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/63064/7/01_Crous_Maintenance_of_leaf_N_controls_2009.pdf.jpg"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02058.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02058.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02058.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02058.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-3040.2004.01231.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:17:50Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-10-06", "title": "Functional Diversity Of Photosynthesis During Drought In A Model Tropical Rainforest - The Contributions Of Leaf Area, Photosynthetic Electron Transport And Stomatal Conductance To Reduction In Net Ecosystem Carbon Exchange", "description": "ABSTRACT<p>The tropical rainforest mesocosm within the Biosphere 2 Laboratory, a model system of some 110 species developed over 12\uffe2\uff80\uff83years under controlled environmental conditions, has been subjected to a series of comparable drought experiments during 2000\uffe2\uff80\uff932002. In each study, the mesocosm was subjected to a 4\uffe2\uff80\uff936 week drought, with well\uffe2\uff80\uff90defined rainfall events before and after the treatment. Ecosystem CO2 uptake rate (Aeco) declined 32% in response to the drought, with changes occurring within days and being reversible within weeks, even though the deeper soil layers did not become significantly drier and leaf\uffe2\uff80\uff90level water status of most large trees was not greatly affected. The reduced Aeco during the drought reflected both morphological and physiological responses. It is estimated that the drought\uffe2\uff80\uff90induced 32% reduction of Aeco has three principal components: (1) leaf fall increased two\uffe2\uff80\uff90fold whereas leaf expansion growth of some canopy dominants declined to 60%, leading to a 10% decrease in foliage coverage of the canopy. This might be the main reason for the persistent reduction of Aeco after rewatering. (2) The maximum photosynthetic electron transport rate at high light intensities in remaining leaves was reduced to 71% for three of the four species measured, even though no chronic photo\uffe2\uff80\uff90inhibition occurred. (3) Stomata closed, leading to a reduced ecosystem water conductance to water vapour (33% of pre\uffe2\uff80\uff90drought values), which not only reduced ecosystem carbon uptake rate, but may also have implications for water and energy budgets of tropical ecosystems. Additionally, individual rainforest trees responded differently, expressing different levels of stress and stress avoiding mechanisms. This functional diversity renders the individual response heterogeneous and has fundamental implications to scale leaf level responses to ecosystem dynamics.</p>", "keywords": ["580", "0301 basic medicine", "leaf area", "net ecosystem CO(2) exchange", "photosynthesis", "CLIMATE-CHANGE", "chlorophyll fluorescence", "CANOPY TREE", "drought", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "FRENCH-GUIANA", "03 medical and health sciences", "leaf fall", "tropical trees KeyWords Plus: ATMOSPHERIC CO2 CONCENTRATIONS", "PHOTOSYSTEM-II", "XANTHOPHYLL CYCLE", "WATER-VAPOR", "L LEAVES", "13. Climate action", "leaf growth", "tropical rainforest", "photosynthetic electron transport", "GAS-EXCHANGE"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.2004.01231.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%2C%20Cell%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-3040.2004.01231.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-3040.2004.01231.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-3040.2004.01231.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-3040.2008.01822.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-08-25T16:17:50Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-04-22", "title": "Elevated Co2 Increases Photosynthesis, Biomass And Productivity, And Modifies Gene Expression In Sugarcane", "description": "ABSTRACT<p>Because of the economical relevance of sugarcane and its high potential as a source of biofuel, it is important to understand how this crop will respond to the foreseen increase in atmospheric [CO2]. The effects of increased [CO2] on photosynthesis, development and carbohydrate metabolism were studied in sugarcane (Saccharum ssp.). Plants were grown at ambient (\uffe2\uff88\uffbc370\uffe2\uff80\uff83ppm) and elevated (\uffe2\uff88\uffbc720\uffe2\uff80\uff83ppm) [CO2] during 50 weeks in open\uffe2\uff80\uff90top chambers. The plants grown under elevated CO2 showed, at the end of such period, an increase of about 30% in photosynthesis and 17% in height, and accumulated 40% more biomass in comparison with the plants grown at ambient [CO2]. These plants also had lower stomatal conductance and transpiration rates (\uffe2\uff88\uff9237 and \uffe2\uff88\uff9232%, respectively), and higher water\uffe2\uff80\uff90use efficiency (c.a. 62%). cDNA microarray analyses revealed a differential expression of 35 genes on the leaves (14 repressed and 22 induced) by elevated CO2. The latter are mainly related to photosynthesis and development. Industrial productivity analysis showed an increase of about 29% in sucrose content. These data suggest that sugarcane crops increase productivity in higher [CO2], and that this might be related, as previously observed for maize and sorghum, to transient drought stress.</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "Sucrose", "Light", "Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction", "Temperature", "Humidity", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "Lignin", "01 natural sciences", "Saccharum", "Plant Leaves", "Gene Expression Regulation", " Plant", "Plant Stomata", "Biomass", "Gases", "Photosynthesis", "Cellulose"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.2008.01822.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%2C%20Cell%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-3040.2008.01822.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-3040.2008.01822.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-3040.2008.01822.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-07-09T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-3040.2008.01869.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-08-25T16:17:50Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-08-05", "title": "Fine-Root Respiration In A Loblolly Pine (Pinus Taedal.) Forest Exposed To Elevated Co2and N Fertilization", "description": "ABSTRACT<p>Forest ecosystems release large amounts of carbon to the atmosphere from fine\uffe2\uff80\uff90root respiration (Rr), but the control of this flux and its temperature sensitivity (Q10) are poorly understood. We attempted to: (1) identify the factors limiting this flux using additions of glucose and an electron transport uncoupler (carbonyl cyanide m\uffe2\uff80\uff90chlorophenylhydrazone); and (2) improve yearly estimates of Rr by directly measuring its Q10in situ using temperature\uffe2\uff80\uff90controlled cuvettes buried around intact, attached roots. The proximal limits of Rr of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) trees exposed to free\uffe2\uff80\uff90air CO2 enrichment (FACE) and N fertilization were seasonally variable; enzyme capacity limited Rr in the winter, and a combination of substrate supply and adenylate availability limited Rr in summer months. The limiting factors of Rr were not affected by elevated CO2 or N fertilization. Elevated CO2 increased annual stand\uffe2\uff80\uff90level Rr by 34% whereas the combination of elevated CO2 and N fertilization reduced Rr by 40%. Measurements of in situ Rr with high temporal resolution detected diel patterns that were correlated with canopy photosynthesis with a lag of 1\uffe2\uff80\uff83d or less as measured by eddy covariance, indicating a dynamic link between canopy photosynthesis and root respiration. These results suggest that Rr is coupled to daily canopy photosynthesis and increases with carbon allocation below ground.</p>", "keywords": ["580", "0106 biological sciences", "Analysis of Variance", "Nitrates", "Atmosphere", "Nitrogen", "Cell Respiration", "Temperature", "Pinus taeda", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "Plant Roots", "01 natural sciences", "Carbon", "Trees", "Glucose", "Oxygen Consumption", "050101 - Ecological Impacts of Climate Change", "13. Climate action", "North Carolina", "Seasons", "Least-Squares Analysis", "Photosynthesis", "Fertilizers", "Ecosystem"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.2008.01869.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%2C%20Cell%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-3040.2008.01869.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-3040.2008.01869.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-3040.2008.01869.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-10-06T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-3040.2011.02465.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:17:50Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-11-17", "title": "Light Inhibition Of Leaf Respiration In Field-Grown Eucalyptus Saligna In Whole-Tree Chambers Under Elevated Atmospheric Co2 And Summer Drought", "description": "SUMMARY<p>We investigated whether the degree of light inhibition of leaf respiration (R) differs among large Eucalyptus saligna grown in whole\uffe2\uff80\uff90tree chambers and exposed to present and future atmospheric [CO2] and summer drought. Associated with month\uffe2\uff80\uff90to\uffe2\uff80\uff90month changes in temperature were concomitant changes in R in the light (Rlight) and darkness (Rdark), with both processes being more temperature dependent in well\uffe2\uff80\uff90watered trees than under drought. Overall rates of Rlight and Rdark were not significantly affected by [CO2]. By contrast, overall rates of Rdark (averaged across both [CO2]) were ca. 25% lower under drought than in well\uffe2\uff80\uff90watered trees. During summer, the degree of light inhibition of leaf R was greater in droughted (ca. 80% inhibition) than well\uffe2\uff80\uff90watered trees (ca. 50% inhibition). Notwithstanding these treatment differences, an overall positive relationship was observed between Rlight and Rdark when data from all months/treatments were combined (R2\uffe2\uff80\uff83=\uffe2\uff80\uff830.8). Variations in Rlight were also positively correlated with rates of Rubisco activity and nitrogen concentration. Light inhibition resulted in a marked decrease in the proportion of light\uffe2\uff80\uff90saturated photosynthesis respired (i.e. reduced R/Asat). Collectively, these results highlight the need to account for light inhibition when assessing impacts of global change drivers on the carbon economy of tree canopies.</p>", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "0106 biological sciences", "Light", "01 natural sciences", "nitrogen", "ribulosebisphosphate carboxylase", "Trees", "Keywords: carbon", "leaf respiration", "Photosynthesis", "Eucalyptus", "concentration (composition)", "droughts", "drought stress", "Photorespiration", "Temperature", "Rlight", "Darkness", "Photochemical Processes", "6. Clean water", "inhibition", "Droughts", "assessment method", "Elevated CO2", "Seasons", "photorespiration", "Nitrogen", "light effect", "Ribulose-Bisphosphate Carboxylase", "water", "Cell Respiration", "evergreen tree", "03 medical and health sciences", "Stress", " Physiological", "XXXXXX - Unknown", "temp Carbon balance", "global change", "580", "photosynthesis", "Drought", "Australia", "carbon dioxide", "temperature", "Water", "Plant Transpiration", "15. Life on land", "Carbon Dioxide", "Carbon", "Plant Leaves", "13. Climate action", "Plant Stomata", "Leaf respiration", "respiration"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/51083/5/Light_inhibition_of_leaf_respiration_in_field-grown.pdf.jpg"}, {"href": "https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/51083/7/01_Crous_Light_inhibition_of_leaf_2012.pdf.jpg"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.2011.02465.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%2C%20Cell%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-3040.2011.02465.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-3040.2011.02465.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-3040.2011.02465.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-12-14T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1438-8677.2012.00627.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:17:50Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-06-05", "title": "Physiological And Biochemical Responses Ofquercus Pubescensto Air Warming And Drought On Acidic And Calcareous Soils", "description": "Abstract<p>The drought\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and thermo\uffe2\uff80\uff90tolerant Quercus pubescens, a tree species growing on both acidic and calcareous soils in the sub\uffe2\uff80\uff90Mediterranean region, was exposed to soil drought (\uffe2\uff88\uff9260% to \uffe2\uff88\uff9280% soil water content) and air warming (+1.2\uffe2\uff80\uff83\uffc2\uffb0C daytime temperature), singly and in combination. The experiment was conducted on two natural forest soils with similar texture but different pH (acidic and calcareous soils). The physiological (photosynthesis) and biochemical (antioxidant system) responses of Q.\uffc2\uffa0pubescens were investigated. On acidic soil, Q.\uffc2\uffa0pubescens had a higher reactive oxygen species (ROS) content than on calcareous soil, confirming that this species is better adapted to the latter soil type. A down\uffe2\uff80\uff90regulation of ascorbate\uffe2\uff80\uff90glutathione cycle enzymes suggests that ROS were used as signalling molecules. Air warming stimulated stomatal opening, while soil drought induced stomatal closure in the late afternoon and reduced Rubisco carboxylation efficiency. Photosynthetic performance in the combined treatment was higher than under single drought stress and similar to control and air warming. Q.\uffc2\uffa0pubescens biochemical responses depended on soil pH. On acidic soil, Q.\uffc2\uffa0pubescens trees exposed to air warming used ROS as signalling molecules. On calcareous soil, these trees were able to balance both soil drought and air warming stress, avoiding ROS toxic effects by increasing antioxidant enzyme activitiy and maintaining a high enzymatic antioxidant defence. When combined, drought and air warming induced either more severe (higher oxidative pressure and impairment of the light\uffe2\uff80\uff90harvesting complex) or different responses (decline of the thermal energy dissipation capacity) relative to the single stressors. Overall, however, Q.\uffc2\uffa0pubescens preserved the functionality of the photosynthetic apparatus and controlled the antioxidant system response, thus confirming its drought and thermo\uffe2\uff80\uff90tolerance and therefore its potential to adapt to the ongoing climate change.</p>", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "0301 basic medicine", "Hot Temperature", "Climate", "Ribulose-Bisphosphate Carboxylase", "Light-Harvesting Protein Complexes", "Down-Regulation", "Global Warming", "01 natural sciences", "Antioxidants", "Quercus", "Soil", "03 medical and health sciences", "Antioxidant enzyme; ascorbate-glutathione cycle; chlorophyll a fluorescence; gas exchange; oak", "Stress", " Physiological", "Photosynthesis", "Ecosystem", "Antioxidant enzyme; ascorbate-glutathione cycle; chlorophyll a fluorescence; gas exchange; oak.", "Air", "Water", "15. Life on land", "Hydrogen-Ion Concentration", "Adaptation", " Physiological", "6. Clean water", "Droughts", "Oxidative Stress", "13. Climate action", "Plant Stomata"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1438-8677.2012.00627.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1438-8677.2012.00627.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1438-8677.2012.00627.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1438-8677.2012.00627.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-06-05T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01036.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-08-25T16:17:51Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-04-13", "title": "Relationships Between Needle Nitrogen Concentration And Photosynthetic Responses Of Douglas-Fir Seedlings To Elevated Co2 And Temperature", "description": "Summary \u2022 Here we examined correlations between needle nitrogen concentration ([N]) and photosynthetic responses of Douglas-fir ( Pseudotsuga menziesii ) seedlings to growth in elevated temperatures and atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations ([CO 2 ]). \u2022 Seedlings were grown in sunlit, climate-controlled chambers at ambient or ambient +3.5 \u00b0 C and ambient or ambient +180 \u00b5mol mol \u2212 1 CO 2 in a full factorial design. Photosynthetic parameters and needle [N] were measured six times over a 21-month period. \u2022 Needle [N] varied seasonally, and accounted for 30\u201050% of the variation in photosynthetic parameters. Across measurement periods, elevated temperature increased needle [N] by 26% and light-saturated net photosynthetic rates by 17%. Elevated [CO 2 ] decreased needle [N] by 12%, and reduced net photosynthetic rates measured at a common [CO 2 ], maximum carboxylation activity ( V c,max ) and electron transport capacity ( J max ), indicating photosynthetic acclimatization. Even so, elevated [CO 2 ] enhanced net photosynthesis, and this effect increased with needle [N]. \u2022 These results suggest that needle [N] may regulate photosynthetic responses of Douglas-fir to climate change. Further, needle [N] may be altered by climate change. However, effects of elevated [CO 2 ] on photosynthesis may be similar across growth temperatures.", "keywords": ["Other Ecology and Evolutionary Biology", "0106 biological sciences", "Douglas fir -- Growth", "13. Climate action", "Botany", "Acclimatization (Plants)", "Atmospheric carbon dioxide -- Physiological effect", "Photosynthesis", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Environmental Monitoring"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01036.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01036.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01036.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01036.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-03-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/nph.16866", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-08-25T16:17:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-08-13", "title": "Integrating the evidence for a terrestrial carbon sink caused by increasing atmospheric CO 2", "description": "Summary<p>Atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration ([CO2]) is increasing, which increases leaf\uffe2\uff80\uff90scale photosynthesis and intrinsic water\uffe2\uff80\uff90use efficiency. These direct responses have the potential to increase plant growth, vegetation biomass, and soil organic matter; transferring carbon from the atmosphere into terrestrial ecosystems (a carbon sink). A substantial global terrestrial carbon sink would slow the rate of [CO2] increase and thus climate change. However, ecosystem CO2 responses are complex or confounded by concurrent changes in multiple agents of global change and evidence for a [CO2]\uffe2\uff80\uff90driven terrestrial carbon sink can appear contradictory. Here we synthesize theory and broad, multidisciplinary evidence for the effects of increasing [CO2] (iCO2) on the global terrestrial carbon sink. Evidence suggests a substantial increase in global photosynthesis since pre\uffe2\uff80\uff90industrial times. Established theory, supported by experiments, indicates that iCO2 is likely responsible for about half of the increase. Global carbon budgeting, atmospheric data, and forest inventories indicate a historical carbon sink, and these apparent iCO2 responses are high in comparison to experiments and predictions from theory. Plant mortality and soil carbon iCO2 responses are highly uncertain. In conclusion, a range of evidence supports a positive terrestrial carbon sink in response to iCO2, albeit with uncertain magnitude and strong suggestion of a role for additional agents of global change.</p>", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "0301 basic medicine", "Carbon Sequestration", "CO fertilization", "550", "global carbon cycle", "Land-atmosphere feedback", "Climate Change", "01 natural sciences", "Carbon Cycle", "Global carbon cycle", "Terrestrial ecosystems", "03 medical and health sciences", "land\u2013atmosphere feedback", "forests and forestry", "atmospheric carbon dioxide", "XXXXXX - Unknown", "free-air CO enrichment (FACE)", "CO-fertilization hypothesis", "CO2-fertilization hypothesis", "CO2 fertilization", "Ecosystem", "0303 health sciences", "photosynthesis", "Beta factor", "Atmosphere", "500", "terrestrial ecosystems", "carbon dioxide", "Free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE)", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "carbon sequestration", "terrestrial ecosystems.", "Carbon dioxide", "13. Climate action", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "beta factor", "[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "ecosystems", "free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE)"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/165394/1/Walker_et_al_200713_Draft7_submitted.pdf"}, {"href": "https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/nph.16866"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.16866"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/nph.16866", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/nph.16866", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/nph.16866"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-10-21T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/nph.14872", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:17:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-11-06", "title": "Ecosystem responses to elevated CO 2 governed by plant-soil interactions and the cost of nitrogen acquisition", "description": "<p>         Contents      Summary 507   I. Introduction 507   II. The return on investment approach 508   III. CO2 response spectrum 510   IV. Discussion 516    Acknowledgements 518    References 518      </p>Summary<p>Land ecosystems sequester on average about a quarter of anthropogenic CO2 emissions. It has been proposed that nitrogen (N) availability will exert an increasingly limiting effect on plants\uffe2\uff80\uff99 ability to store additional carbon (C) under rising CO2, but these mechanisms are not well understood. Here, we review findings from elevated CO2 experiments using a plant economics framework, highlighting how ecosystem responses to elevated CO2 may depend on the costs and benefits of plant interactions with mycorrhizal fungi and symbiotic N\uffe2\uff80\uff90fixing microbes. We found that N\uffe2\uff80\uff90acquisition efficiency is positively correlated with leaf\uffe2\uff80\uff90level photosynthetic capacity and plant growth, and negatively with soil C storage. Plants that associate with ectomycorrhizal fungi and N\uffe2\uff80\uff90fixers may acquire N at a lower cost than plants associated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. However, the additional growth in ectomycorrhizal plants is partly offset by decreases in soil C pools via priming. Collectively, our results indicate that predictive models aimed at quantifying C cycle feedbacks to global change may be improved by treating N as a resource that can be acquired by plants in exchange for energy, with different costs depending on plant interactions with microbial symbionts.</p>", "keywords": ["plant-soil relationships", "0106 biological sciences", "570", "Nitrogen", "Plant Biology & Botany", "01 natural sciences", "nitrogen", "Soil", "XXXXXX - Unknown", "soil organic matter (SOM)", "Biomass", "soil carbon", "N2-fixation", "Free-Air CO2 enrichment (FACE)", "Ecosystem", "580", "2. Zero hunger", "photosynthesis", "500", "carbon dioxide", "mycorrhizas", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "humus", "06 Biological Sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "Carbon", "13. Climate action", "CO 2", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "07 Agricultural And Veterinary Sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/nph.14872"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.14872"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/nph.14872", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/nph.14872", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/nph.14872"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-11-06T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/nph.15123", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:17:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-03-31", "title": "Quantifying soil moisture impacts on light use efficiency across biomes", "description": "Summary<p>   <p>Terrestrial primary productivity and carbon cycle impacts of droughts are commonly quantified using vapour pressure deficit (VPD) data and remotely sensed greenness, without accounting for soil moisture. However, soil moisture limitation is known to strongly affect plant physiology.</p>  <p>Here, we investigate light use efficiency, the ratio of gross primary productivity (GPP) to absorbed light. We derive its fractional reduction due to soil moisture (fLUE), separated from VPD and greenness changes, using artificial neural networks trained on eddy covariance data, multiple soil moisture datasets and remotely sensed greenness.</p>  <p>This reveals substantial impacts of soil moisture alone that reduce GPP by up to 40% at sites located in sub\uffe2\uff80\uff90humid, semi\uffe2\uff80\uff90arid or arid regions. For sites in relatively moist climates, we find, paradoxically, a muted fLUE response to drying soil, but reduced fLUE under wet conditions.</p>  <p>fLUE identifies substantial drought impacts that are not captured when relying solely on VPD and greenness changes and, when seasonally recurring, are missed by traditional, anomaly\uffe2\uff80\uff90based drought indices. Counter to common assumptions, fLUE reductions are largest in drought\uffe2\uff80\uff90deciduous vegetation, including grasslands. Our results highlight the necessity to account for soil moisture limitation in terrestrial primary productivity data products, especially for drought\uffe2\uff80\uff90related assessments.</p>  </p", "keywords": ["Time Factors", "550", "vapour pressure deficit", "Light", "Vapor Pressure", "Rain", "Eddy covariance", "02 engineering and technology", "01 natural sciences", "630", "Ecological applications", "Soil", "drought impacts", "Vapour pressure deficit", "Photosynthesis", "drought impacts; eddy covariance; gross primary productivity (GPP); light use efficiency; photosynthesis; soil moisture; standardized precipitation index; vapour pressure deficit (VPD)", "Plant biology", "2. Zero hunger", "Light use efficiency", "Ecology", "gross primary productivity (GPP)", "Biological Sciences", "6. Clean water", "Droughts", "Climate change impacts and adaptation", "gross primary productivity", "Neural Networks", "Plant Biology & Botany", "Drought impacts", "vapour pressure deficit (VPD)", "0207 environmental engineering", "Computer", "eddy covariance", "light use efficiency", "Ecosystem", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "photosynthesis", "Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences", "Research", "Gross primary productivity ()", "Water", "Humidity", "Plant Transpiration", "06 Biological Sciences", "15. Life on land", "standardized precipitation index", "13. Climate action", "vapour pressure deficit (VPD", "Standardized precipitation index", "07 Agricultural And Veterinary Sciences", "Soil moisture", "Neural Networks", " Computer", "soil moisture", "Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation", "Environmental Sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/nph.15123"}, {"href": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt3sb2745c/qt3sb2745c.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.15123"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/nph.15123", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/nph.15123", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/nph.15123"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-03-31T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/nph.15688", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-08-25T16:17:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-01-19", "title": "Towards a more physiological representation of vegetation phosphorus processes in land surface models", "description": "Summary<p>Our ability to understand the effect of nutrient limitation on ecosystem productivity is key to the prediction of future terrestrial carbon storage. Significant progress has been made to include phosphorus (P) cycle processes in land surface models (LSMs), but these efforts are focused on the soil component of the P cycle. Incorporating the soil component is important to estimate plant\uffe2\uff80\uff90available P, but does not necessarily address the vegetation response to P limitation or plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93soil interactions. A more detailed representation of plant P processes is needed to link nutrient availability and ecosystem productivity. We review physiological and biochemical evidence for vegetation responses to P availability, and recommend ways to move towards a more physiological representation of vegetation P processes in LSMs.</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "plants", "Phosphorus", "growth (plants)", "15. Life on land", "Models", " Biological", "01 natural sciences", "Carbon", "13. Climate action", "XXXXXX - Unknown", "Biomass", "phosphorus content", "Photosynthesis", "metabolism", "soils", "Plant Physiological Phenomena", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/nph.15688"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.15688"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/nph.15688", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/nph.15688", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/nph.15688"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-02-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/plb.12400", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:17:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-09-25", "title": "Light Compensation Points In Shade-Grown Seedlings Of Deciduous Broadleaf Tree Species With Different Successional Traits Raised Under Elevated Co2", "description": "Abstract<p>We measured leaf photosynthetic traits in shade\uffe2\uff80\uff90grown seedlings of four tree species native to northern Japan, raised under an elevated CO2 condition, to investigate the effects of elevated CO2 on shade tolerance of deciduous broadleaf tree species with different successional traits. We considered Betula platyphylla var. japonica and Betula maximowicziana as pioneer species, Quercus mongolica var. crispula as a mid\uffe2\uff80\uff90successional species, and Acer mono as a climax species. The plants were grown under shade conditions (10% of full sunlight) in a CO2\uffe2\uff80\uff90regulated phytotron. Light compensation points (LCPs) decreased in all tree species when grown under elevated CO2 (720\uffc2\uffa0\uffce\uffbcmol\uffc2\uffb7mol\uffe2\uff88\uff921), which were accompanied by higher apparent quantum yields but no photosynthetic down\uffe2\uff80\uff90regulation. LCPs in Q.\uffc2\uffa0mongolica and A.\uffc2\uffa0mono grown under elevated CO2 were lower than those in the two pioneer birch species. The LCP in Q.\uffc2\uffa0mongolica seedlings was not different from that of A.\uffc2\uffa0mono in each CO2 treatment. However, lower dark respiration rates were observed in A.\uffc2\uffa0mono than in Q.\uffc2\uffa0mongolica, suggesting higher shade tolerance in A.\uffc2\uffa0mono as a climax species in relation to carbon loss at night. Thus, elevated CO2 may have enhanced shade tolerance by lowering LCPs in all species, but the ranking of shade tolerance related to successional traits did not change among species under elevated CO2, i.e. the highest shade tolerance was observed in the climax species (A.\uffc2\uffa0mono), followed by a gap\uffe2\uff80\uff90dependent species (Q.\uffc2\uffa0mongolica), while lower shade tolerance was observed in the pioneer species (B.\uffc2\uffa0platyphylla and B.\uffc2\uffa0maximowicziana).</p>", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "CO2 enrichment", "photosynthesis", "Acclimatization", "Acer", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "650", "01 natural sciences", "Carbon", "Apparent quantum yield", "Trees", "shade tolerance", "Plant Leaves", "Quercus", "Phenotype", "Japan", "Seedlings", "Sunlight", "Photosynthesis", "dark respiration", "Betula"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/plb.12400"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/plb.12400", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/plb.12400", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/plb.12400"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-10-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1126/science.1113977", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:18:01Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-08-25", "title": "Carbon Flux And Growth In Mature Deciduous Forest Trees Exposed To Elevated Co2", "description": "<p>             Whether rising atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO             2             ) concentrations will cause forests to grow faster and store more carbon is an open question. Using free air CO             2             release in combination with a canopy crane, we found an immediate and sustained enhancement of carbon flux through 35-meter-tall temperate forest trees when exposed to elevated CO             2             . However, there was no overall stimulation in stem growth and leaf litter production after 4 years. Photosynthetic capacity was not reduced, leaf chemistry changes were minor, and tree species differed in their responses. Although growing vigorously, these trees did not accrete more biomass carbon in stems in response to elevated CO             2             , thus challenging projections of growth responses derived from tests with smaller trees.           </p>", "keywords": ["Carbon Isotopes", "Plant Stems", "Atmosphere", "Nitrogen", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "0207 environmental engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "Lignin", "Carbon", "Trees", "Plant Leaves", "Quercus", "Soil", "Betulaceae", "13. Climate action", "Fagus", "Biomass", "Photosynthesis", "Ecosystem", "Plant Shoots", "Switzerland"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1113977"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1126/science.1113977", "name": "item", "description": "10.1126/science.1113977", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1126/science.1113977"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-08-26T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1128/aem.00698-21", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:18:02Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-06-23", "title": "Limitation of Microbial Processes at Saturation-Level Salinities in a Microbial Mat Covering a Coastal Salt Flat", "description": "<p>             Due to their abilities to survive intense radiation and low water availability, hypersaline microbial mats are often suggested to be analogs of potential extraterrestrial life. However, even on Earth, the limitations imposed on microbial processes by saturation-level salinity have rarely been studied             in situ             .           </p", "keywords": ["aerobic respiration", "primary and secondary production", "0301 basic medicine", "Geologic Sediments", "hypersaline microbial mats", "microbial communities", "Sodium Chloride", "extremophiles/extremophily", "03 medical and health sciences", "CYANOBACTERIAL MATS", "REDUCING BACTERIA", "uncultured microbes", "BACTERIUM DESULFOVIBRIO-OXYCLINAE", "Environmental Microbiology", "14. Life underwater", "Photosynthesis", "Phylogeny", "DISSIMILATORY SULFATE REDUCTION", "106022 Mikrobiologie", "Bacteria", "Microbiota", "ANOXYGENIC PHOTOSYNTHESIS", "15. Life on land", "Archaea", "biofilm biology", "6. Clean water", "Oxygen", "sulfide microprofiles", "13. Climate action", "CHLOROFLEXUS-LIKE BACTERIA", "106022 Microbiology", "sulfate reduction rate", "GEN. NOV.", "sulfur cycling", "PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION", "DUNALIELLA", "microbiology of unexplored habitats", "biofilm biology; element cycles and biogeochemical processes; extremophiles/extremophily; microbial communities; microbiology of unexplored habitats; primary and secondary production; uncultured microbes", "element cycles and biogeochemical processes", "key biogeochemical processes", "OXYGENIC PHOTOSYNTHESIS", "Sulfur"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/AEM.00698-21"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.00698-21"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20and%20Environmental%20Microbiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1128/aem.00698-21", "name": "item", "description": "10.1128/aem.00698-21", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1128/aem.00698-21"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-08-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1128/msystems.00495-19", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:18:02Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-04-13", "title": "Energetic Basis of Microbial Growth and Persistence in Desert Ecosystems", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Microbial life is surprisingly abundant and diverse in global desert ecosystems. In these environments, microorganisms endure a multitude of physicochemical stresses, including low water potential, carbon and nitrogen starvation, and extreme temperatures. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of the energetic mechanisms and trophic dynamics that underpin microbial function in desert ecosystems. Accumulating evidence suggests that dormancy is a common strategy that facilitates microbial survival in response to water and carbon limitation.</p></article>", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "dormancy", "CYANOBACTERIAL EXOPOLYSACCHARIDES", "Trace gas", "Microbiology", "SOIL CRUSTS", "Energy reserve", "HIGH-AFFINITY", "03 medical and health sciences", "trace gas", "ATMOSPHERIC TRACE GASES", "Energetics", "energy reserve", "Dormancy", "SOR RONDANE MOUNTAINS", "Desert", "Photosynthesis", "106026 Ecosystem research", "CARBON-MONOXIDE", "desert", "ATACAMA DESERT", "energetics", "2. Zero hunger", "106022 Mikrobiologie", "0303 health sciences", "photosynthesis", "COMMUNITY RESPONSE", "15. Life on land", "QR1-502", "106026 \u00d6kosystemforschung", "DRY SOIL", "13. Climate action", "MOLECULAR-HYDROGEN", "106022 Microbiology", "Minireview"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/mSystems.00495-19"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1128/msystems.00495-19"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/mSystems", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1128/msystems.00495-19", "name": "item", "description": "10.1128/msystems.00495-19", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1128/msystems.00495-19"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-04-28T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1139/cjss-2018-0008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:18:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-06-13", "title": "Carbon Allocation And Fate In Paddy Soil Depending On Phosphorus Fertilization And Water Management: Results Of C-13 Continuous Labelling Of Rice", "description": "<p> We grew rice in phosphorus (P) deficient subtropical paddy soil in a field study and used 13CO2 continuous labelling to investigate photosynthetic carbon (C) partitioning and allocation under FLOOD versus WET/DRY conditions, with and without P fertilization (80\uffc2\uffa0mg P kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921). The plants and soil were sampled after each of three WET/DRY cycles to determine 13C allocation in above- and belowground plant biomass, microbial biomass, the rhizosphere, and bulk soil. Irrespective of water management, P-fertilized plants had higher biomass and P content and more total 13C in the rice-soil system, especially the 13C incorporation into the shoots (51%\uffe2\uff80\uff9396%), than samples without P fertilization. Root and bulk-soil 13C were largely independent of both P fertilization and water management. However, by the third sampling, P fertilization had increased the amount of 13C and microbial biomass 13C in the rhizosphere soil (RS) by 28% (WET/DRY) and 95% (FLOOD), and by 47% (WET/DRY) and 50% (FLOOD), respectively. The WET/DRY condition had significantly higher microbial biomass and 13C contents than FLOOD condition only in the RS. These results indicate that a well-established aboveground plant biomass following P fertilization is required to increase belowground C allocation. Thus, WET/DRY conditions, like FLOOD conditions, can provide moisture sufficient for unhindered P availability in rice-paddy system. </p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "570", "330", "Microbial biomass", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "630", "6. Clean water", "Water management", "Paddy soil", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "14. Life underwater", "Rice photosynthesised C", "Phosphorus deficiency", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/cjss-2018-0008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Soil%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1139/cjss-2018-0008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1139/cjss-2018-0008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1139/cjss-2018-0008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1890/10-2076.1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:18:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-04-29", "title": "No Evidence That Chronic Nitrogen Additions Increase Photosynthesis In Mature Sugar Maple Forests", "description": "Atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition can increase forest growth. Because N deposition commonly increases foliar N concentrations, it is thought that this increase in forest growth is a consequence of enhanced leaf-level photosynthesis. However, tests of this mechanism have been infrequent, and increases in photosynthesis have not been consistently observed in mature forests subject to chronic N deposition. In four mature northern hardwood forests in the north-central United States, chronic N additions (30 kg N ha(-1) yr(-1) as NaNO3 for 14 years) have increased aboveground growth but have not affected canopy leaf biomass or leaf area index. In order to understand the mechanism behind the increases in growth, we hypothesized that the NO3(-) additions increased foliar N concentrations and leaf-level photosynthesis in the dominant species in these forests (sugar maple, Acer saccharum). The NO3(-) additions significantly increased foliar N. However, there was no significant difference between the ambient and +NO3(-) treatments in two seasons (2006-2007) of instantaneous measurements of photosynthesis from either canopy towers or excised branches. In measurements on excised branches, photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency (micromol CO2 s(-1) g(-1) N) was significantly decreased (-13%) by NO3(-) additions. Furthermore, we found no consistent NO3(-) effect across all sites in either current foliage or leaf litter collected annually throughout the study (1993-2007) and analyzed for delta 13C and delta 18O, isotopes that can be used together to integrate changes in photosynthesis over time. We observed a small but significant NO3(-) effect on the average area and mass of individual leaves from the excised branches, but these differences varied by site and were countered by changes in leaf number. These photosynthesis and leaf area data together suggest that NO3(-) additions have not stimulated photosynthesis. There is no evidence that nutrient deficiencies have developed at these sites, so unlike other studies of photosynthesis in N-saturated forests, we cannot attribute the lack of a stimulation of photosynthesis to nutrient limitations. Rather than increases in C assimilation, the observed increases in aboveground growth at our study sites are more likely due to shifts in C allocation.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Carbon Isotopes", "Michigan", "Nitrates", "Time Factors", "Nitrogen", "Acer", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Oxygen Isotopes", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Carbon", "Trees", "Oxygen", "Plant Leaves", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Photosynthesis", "Fertilizers"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1890/10-2076.1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecological%20Applications", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1890/10-2076.1", "name": "item", "description": "10.1890/10-2076.1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1890/10-2076.1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1371%2fjournal.pone.0030754", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-08-25T16:18:13Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-02-08", "title": "Effects Of Soil Water And Nitrogen On Growth And Photosynthetic Response Of Manchurian Ash (Fraxinus Mandshurica) Seedlings In Northeastern China", "description": "Soil water and nitrogen (N) are considered to be the main environmental factors limiting plant growth and photosynthetic capacity. However, less is known about the interactive effects of soil water and N on tree growth and photosynthetic response in the temperate ecosystem.We applied N and water, alone and in combination, and investigated the combined effect of different water and N regimes on growth and photosynthetic responses of Fraxinus mandshurica seedlings. The seedlings were exposed to three water regimes including natural precipitation (CK), higher precipitation (HW) (CK +30%) and lower precipitation (LW) (CK -30%), and both with and without N addition for two growing seasons. We demonstrated that water and N supply led to a significant increase in the growth and biomass production of the seedlings. LW treatment significantly decreased biomass production and leaf N content, but they showed marked increases in N addition. N addition could enhance the photosynthetic capability under HW and CK conditions. Leaf chlorophyll content and the initial activity of Rubisco were dramatically increased by N addition regardless of soil water condition. The positive relationships were found between photosynthetic capacity, leaf N content, and SLA in response to water and N supply in the seedling. Rubisco expression was up-regulated by N addition with decreasing soil water content. Immunofluorescent staining showed that the labeling for Rubisco was relatively low in leaves of the seedlings under LW condition. The accumulation of Rubisco was increased in leaf tissues of LW by N addition.Our study has presented better understanding of the interactions between soil water and N on the growth and photosynthetic response in F. mandschurica seedlings, which may provide novel insights on the potential responses of the forest ecosystem to climate change associated with increasing N deposition.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "China", "Nitrogen", "Science", "Q", "R", "Water", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Soil", "Fraxinus", "Seedlings", "Medicine", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Photosynthesis", "Ecosystem", "Research Article"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Ping Jiang, Zhanqing Hao, Guanhua Dai, Shuai Shi, Miao Wang, Fei Lin,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1371%2fjournal.pone.0030754"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PLoS%20ONE", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1371%2fjournal.pone.0030754", "name": "item", "description": "10.1371%2fjournal.pone.0030754", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1371%2fjournal.pone.0030754"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-02-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1371%2fjournal.pone.0044697", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-08-25T16:18:13Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-09-11", "title": "A Novel Stress-Induced Sugarcane Gene Confers Tolerance To Drought, Salt And Oxidative Stress In Transgenic Tobacco Plants", "description": "Drought is a major abiotic stress that affects crop productivity worldwide. Sugarcane can withstand periods of water scarcity during the final stage of culm maturation, during which sucrose accumulation occurs. Meanwhile, prolonged periods of drought can cause severe plant losses.In a previous study, we evaluated the transcriptome of drought-stressed plants to better understand sugarcane responses to drought. Among the up-regulated genes was Scdr1 (sugarcane drought-responsive 1). The aim of the research reported here was to characterize this gene. Scdr1 encodes a putative protein containing 248 amino acids with a large number of proline (19%) and cysteine (13%) residues. Phylogenetic analysis showed that ScDR1is in a clade with homologs from other monocotyledonous plants, separate from those of dicotyledonous plants. The expression of Scdr1 in different varieties of sugarcane plants has not shown a clear association with drought tolerance.The overexpression of Scdr1 in transgenic tobacco plants increased their tolerance to drought, salinity and oxidative stress, as demonstrated by increased photosynthesis, water content, biomass, germination rate, chlorophyll content and reduced accumulation of ROS. Physiological parameters, such as transpiration rate (E), net photosynthesis (A), stomatal conductance (gs) and internal leaf CO(2) concentration, were less affected by abiotic stresses in transgenic Scdr1 plants compared with wild-type plants. Overall, our results indicated that Scdr1 conferred tolerance to multiple abiotic stresses, highlighting the potential of this gene for biotechnological applications.", "keywords": ["Chlorophyll", "Nicotiana", "0301 basic medicine", "Sucrose", "Science", "Molecular Sequence Data", "03 medical and health sciences", "Amino Acid Sequence", "Biomass", "Transgenes", "Photosynthesis", "Phylogeny", "Plant Proteins", "2. Zero hunger", "0303 health sciences", "Base Sequence", "Sequence Homology", " Amino Acid", "Q", "R", "Water", "15. Life on land", "Plants", " Genetically Modified", "6. Clean water", "Droughts", "Saccharum", "Oxidative Stress", "Medicine", "Salts", "Reactive Oxygen Species", "Research Article", "Biotechnology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1371%2fjournal.pone.0044697"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PLoS%20ONE", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1371%2fjournal.pone.0044697", "name": "item", "description": "10.1371%2fjournal.pone.0044697", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1371%2fjournal.pone.0044697"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-09-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1371/journal.pone.0070569", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-08-25T16:18:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-08-02", "title": "Effects Of Controlled-Release Fertiliser On Nitrogen Use Efficiency In Summer Maize", "description": "Nitrogen (N) is a nutrient element necessary for plant growth and development. However, excessive inputs of N will lead to inefficient use and large N losses to the environment, which can adversely affect air and water quality, biodiversity and human health. To examine the effects of controlled-release fertilisers (CRF) on yield, we measured ammonia volatilisation, N use efficiency (NUE) and photosynthetic rate after anthesis in summer maize hybrid cultivar Zhengdan958. Maize was grown using common compound fertiliser (CCF), the same amount of resin-coated controlled release fertiliser (CRFIII), the same amount of sulphur-coated controlled release fertiliser (SCFIII) as CCF, 75% CRF (CRFII) and SCF (SCFII), 50% CRF (CRFI) and SCF (SCFI), and no fertiliser. We found that treatments CRFIII, SCFIII, CRFII and SCFII produced grain yields that were 13.15%, 14.15%, 9.69% and 10.04% higher than CCF. There were no significant differences in grain yield among CRFI, SCFI and CCF. We also found that the ammonia volatilisation rates of CRF were significantly lower than those of CCF. The CRF treatments reduced the emission of ammonia by 51.34% to 91.34% compared to CCF. In addition, after treatment with CRF, maize exhibited a higher net photosynthetic rate than CCF after anthesis. Agronomic NUE and apparent N recovery were higher in the CRF treatment than in the CCF treatment. The N uptake and physiological NUE of the four yield-enhanced CRF treatments were higher than those of CCF. These results suggest that the increase in NUE in the CRF treatments was generally attributable to the higher photosynthetic rate and lower ammonia volatilisation compared to CCF-treated maize.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Nitrogen", "Science", "Q", "R", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Zea mays", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Ammonia", "Medicine", "Humans", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Seasons", "Photosynthesis", "Volatilization", "Fertilizers", "Sulfur", "Research Article"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Peng Liu, Bin Zhao, Jiwang Zhang, Shuting Dong,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0070569"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PLoS%20ONE", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1371/journal.pone.0070569", "name": "item", "description": "10.1371/journal.pone.0070569", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1371/journal.pone.0070569"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-08-02T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1371/journal.pone.0070739", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:18:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-07-25", "title": "Intercropping Competition Between Apple Trees And Crops In Agroforestry Systems On The Loess Plateau Of China", "description": "Agroforestry has been widely practiced in the Loess Plateau region of China because of its prominent effects in reducing soil and water losses, improving land-use efficiency and increasing economic returns. However, the agroforestry practices may lead to competition between crops and trees for underground soil moisture and nutrients, and the trees on the canopy layer may also lead to shortage of light for crops. In order to minimize interspecific competition and maximize the benefits of tree-based intercropping systems, we studied photosynthesis, growth and yield of soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) and peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) by measuring photosynthetically active radiation, net photosynthetic rate, soil moisture and soil nutrients in a plantation of apple (Malus pumila M.) at a spacing of 4 m \u00d7 5 m on the Loess Plateau of China. The results showed that for both intercropping systems in the study region, soil moisture was the primary factor affecting the crop yields followed by light. Deficiency of the soil nutrients also had a significant impact on crop yields. Compared with soybean, peanut was more suitable for intercropping with apple trees to obtain economic benefits in the region. We concluded that apple-soybean and apple-peanut intercropping systems can be practical and beneficial in the region. However, the distance between crops and tree rows should be adjusted to minimize interspecies competition. Agronomic measures such as regular canopy pruning, root barriers, additional irrigation and fertilization also should be applied in the intercropping systems.", "keywords": ["Crops", " Agricultural", "2. Zero hunger", "China", "Arachis", "Light", "Glycine max", "Science", "Q", "R", "Water", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Plant Roots", "Trees", "Soil", "Malus", "Medicine", "Humans", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Biomass", "Photosynthesis", "Research Article"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0070739"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PLoS%20ONE", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1371/journal.pone.0070739", "name": "item", "description": "10.1371/journal.pone.0070739", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1371/journal.pone.0070739"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-07-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1371/journal.pone.0155375", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:18:16Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-05-12", "title": "Warming And Nitrogen Addition Alter Photosynthetic Pigments, Sugars And Nutrients In A Temperate Meadow Ecosystem", "description": "Global warming and nitrogen (N) deposition have an important influence on terrestrial ecosystems; however, the influence of warming and N deposition on plant photosynthetic products and nutrient cycling in plants is not well understood. We examined the effects of 3 years of warming and N addition on the plant photosynthetic products, foliar chemistry and stoichiometric ratios of two dominant species, i.e., Leymus chinensis and Phragmites communis, in a temperate meadow in northeastern China. Warming significantly increased the chlorophyll content and soluble sugars in L. chinensis but had no impact on the carotenoid and fructose contents. N addition caused a significant increase in the carotenoid and fructose contents. Warming and N addition had little impact on the photosynthetic products of P. communis. Warming caused significant decreases in the N and phosphorus (P) concentrations and significantly increased the carbon (C):P and N:P ratios of L. chinensis, but not the C concentration or the C:N ratio. N addition significantly increased the N concentration, C:P and N:P ratios, but significantly reduced the C:N ratio of L. chinensis. Warming significantly increased P. communis C and P concentrations, and the C:N and C:P ratios, whereas N addition increased the C, N and P concentrations but had no impact on the stoichiometric variables. This study suggests that both warming and N addition have direct impacts on plant photosynthates and elemental stoichiometry, which may play a vital role in plant-mediated biogeochemical cycling in temperate meadow ecosystems.", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "Nitrogen", "Science", "Carbohydrates", "Global Warming", "Soil", "03 medical and health sciences", "Photosynthesis", "Ecosystem", "2. Zero hunger", "Analysis of Variance", "0303 health sciences", "Q", "R", "Temperature", "Humidity", "Phosphorus", "Microclimate", "Pigments", " Biological", "15. Life on land", "Carbon", "Plant Leaves", "Solubility", "13. Climate action", "Medicine", "Research Article"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Jixun Guo, Tao Zhang, Rui Guo, Shaobo Yang,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0155375"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PLOS%20ONE", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1371/journal.pone.0155375", "name": "item", "description": "10.1371/journal.pone.0155375", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1371/journal.pone.0155375"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-05-12T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.14279/depositonce-15380", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:18:17Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-02-24", "title": "Decoupling between ecosystem photosynthesis and transpiration: a last resort against overheating", "description": "Abstract                <p>Ecosystems are projected to face extreme high temperatures more frequently in the near future. Various biotic coping strategies exist to prevent heat stress. Controlled experiments have recently provided evidence for continued transpiration in woody plants during high air temperatures, even when photosynthesis is inhibited. Such a decoupling of photosynthesis and transpiration would represent an effective strategy (\uffe2\uff80\uff98known as leaf or canopy cooling\uffe2\uff80\uff99) to prevent lethal leaf temperatures. At the ecosystem scale, continued transpiration might dampen the development and propagation of heat extremes despite further desiccating soils. However, at the ecosystem scale, evidence for the occurrence of this decoupling is still limited. Here, we aim to investigate this mechanism using eddy-covariance data of thirteen woody ecosystems located in Australia and a causal graph discovery algorithm. Working at half-hourly time resolution, we find evidence for a decoupling of photosynthesis and transpiration in four ecosystems which can be classified as Mediterranean woodlands. The decoupling occurred at air temperatures above 35 \uffe2\uff88\uff98C. At the nine other investigated woody sites, we found that vegetation CO2 exchange remained coupled to transpiration at the observed high air temperatures. Ecosystem characteristics suggest that the canopy energy balance plays a crucial role in determining the occurrence of a decoupling. Our results highlight the value of causal-inference approaches for the analysis of complex physiological processes. With regard to projected increasing temperatures and especially extreme events in future climates, further vegetation types might be pushed to threatening canopy temperatures. Our findings suggest that the coupling of leaf-level photosynthesis and stomatal conductance, common in land surface schemes, may need be re-examined when applied to high-temperature events.</p>", "keywords": ["heat wave", "570", "AUSTRALIA", "Science", "QC1-999", "UNCERTAINTY", "Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering", "01 natural sciences", "transpiration", "FLUX TOWER", "ddc:570", "GE1-350", "TOLERANCE", "TEMPERATURE", "TD1-1066", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "photosynthesis", "CONDUCTANCE", "Physics", "Q", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "WATER-USE", "MODEL", "Environmental sciences", "13. Climate action", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "ecosystem functioning", "PINUS-TAEDA", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "ELEVATED CO2", "570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.14279/depositonce-15380"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Research%20Letters", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.14279/depositonce-15380", "name": "item", "description": "10.14279/depositonce-15380", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.14279/depositonce-15380"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-03-14T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1890/02-3005", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:18:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-06-04", "title": "Co-2 Enrichment Reduces The Energetic Cost Of Biomass Construction In An Invasive Desert Grass", "description": "To examine how global change could influence species invasions, we compared the responses of energetic processes and growth of invasive and native grass species to atmospheric CO2 enrichment in an intact Mojave Desert ecosystem. Combined with its modest influence on photosynthetic activity, elevated atmospheric CO2 was associated with a significant reduction in the energetic cost of aboveground biomass construction in invasive Bromus madritensis spp. rubens (red brome) without a concurrent cost reduction in native Vulpia octoflora (six-weeks fescue). Consequently, the invasive grass species grew faster, grew bigger, and produced more seeds with atmospheric CO2 enrichment than the native grass species. As a physiological mechanism of invasive species success driven by CO2 enrichment, such alterations in biomass construction costs combined with increased photosynthetic activity could trigger a shift in the species composition of this ecosystem, and potentially that of other invaded ecosystems, toward increa...", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Bromus madritensis spp. rubens", "Invasive species", "Invasive grasses", "Red brome", "Systems Biology", "Plant Biology", "Native grasses", "NDFF", "Weed Science", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Mojave Desert", "Vulpia octoflora", "Relative growth rate", "13. Climate action", "Energetics", "Six-weeks fescue", "Construction cost", "Elevated CO2", "Photosynthesis", "Nevada"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1890/02-3005"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1890/02-3005", "name": "item", "description": "10.1890/02-3005", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1890/02-3005"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1890/07-1177.1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:18:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-10-13", "title": "Sensitivity Of Mesquite Shrubland Co2exchange To Precipitation In Contrasting Landscape Settings", "description": "In semiarid ecosystems, physiography (landscape setting) may interact with woody-plant and soil microbe communities to constrain seasonal exchanges of material and energy at the ecosystem scale. In an upland and riparian shrubland, we examined the seasonally dynamic linkage between ecosystem CO2 exchange, woody-plant water status and photosynthesis, and soil respiration responses to summer rainfall. At each site, we compared tower-based measurements of net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE) with ecophysiological measurements among velvet mesquite (Prosopis velutina Woot.) in three size classes and soil respiration in sub-canopy and inter-canopy micro-sites. Monsoonal rainfall influenced a greater shift in the magnitude of ecosystem CO2 assimilation in the upland shrubland than in the riparian shrubland. Mesquite water status and photosynthetic gas exchange were closely linked to the onset of the North American monsoon in the upland shrubland. In contrast, the presence of shallow alluvial groundwater in the riparian shrubland caused larger size classes of mesquite to be physiologically insensitive to monsoonal rains. In both shrublands, soil respiration was greatest beneath mesquite canopies and was coupled to shallow soil moisture abundance. Physiography, through its constraint on the physiological sensitivity of deeply rooted woody plants, may interact with plant-mediated rates of soil respiration to affect the sensitivity of semiarid-ecosystem carbon exchange in response to episodic rainfall.", "keywords": ["Plant Leaves", "0106 biological sciences", "Soil", "Prosopis", "13. Climate action", "Rain", "Seasons", "Carbon Dioxide", "Photosynthesis", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Ecosystem"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1890/07-1177.1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1890/07-1177.1", "name": "item", "description": "10.1890/07-1177.1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1890/07-1177.1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1890/12-0279.1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-08-25T16:18:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-11-14", "title": "Responses of ecosystem carbon cycle to experimental warming: a meta-analysis", "description": "<p>Global warming potentially alters the terrestrial carbon (C) cycle, likely feeding back to further climate warming. However, how the ecosystem C cycle responds and feeds back to warming remains unclear. Here we used a meta\uffe2\uff80\uff90analysis approach to quantify the response ratios of 18 variables of the ecosystem C cycle to experimental warming and evaluated ecosystem C\uffe2\uff80\uff90cycle feedback to climate warming. Our results showed that warming stimulated gross ecosystem photosynthesis (GEP) by 15.7%, net primary production (NPP) by 4.4%, and plant C pools from above\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and belowground parts by 6.8% and 7.0%, respectively. Experimental warming accelerated litter mass loss by 6.8%, soil respiration by 9.0%, and dissolved organic C leaching by 12.1%. In addition, the responses of some of those variables to experimental warming differed among the ecosystem types. Our results demonstrated that the stimulation of plant\uffe2\uff80\uff90derived C influx basically offset the increase in warming\uffe2\uff80\uff90induced efflux and resulted in insignificant changes in litter and soil C content, indicating that climate warming may not trigger strong positive C\uffe2\uff80\uff90climate feedback from terrestrial ecosystems. Moreover, the increase in plant C storage together with the slight but not statistically significant decrease of net ecosystem exchange (NEE) across ecosystems suggests that terrestrial ecosystems might be a weak C sink rather than a C source under global climate warming. Our results are also potentially useful for parameterizing and benchmarking land surface models in terms of C cycle responses to climate warming.</p>", "keywords": ["Bacteria", "Climate Change", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Plant Components", " Aerial", "15. Life on land", "Plant Roots", "Carbon Cycle", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Biomass", "Photosynthesis", "Ecosystem", "Environmental Monitoring"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1890/12-0279.1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1890/12-0279.1", "name": "item", "description": "10.1890/12-0279.1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1890/12-0279.1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2307/2657091", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:18:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-02-02", "title": "Family- And Population-Level Responses To Atmospheric Co-2 Concentration: Gas Exchange And The Allocation Of C, N, And Biomass In Plantago Lanceolata (Plantaginaceae)", "description": "<p>To ascertain the inheritance of responses to changing atmospheric CO2 content, we partitioned response to elevated CO2 in Plantago lanceolata between families and populations in 18 families in two populations. Plants were grown in 35 Pa and 71 Pa partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) in open\uffe2\uff80\uff90top chambers. We measured above\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and belowground mass, carbon (C), nitrogen (N), hexose sugar, and gas exchange properties in both CO2 treatments. Families within populations differed in mass, mass allocation, root\uffe2\uff80\uff89:\uffe2\uff80\uff89shoot ratios, aboveground percentage N, C\uffe2\uff80\uff89:\uffe2\uff80\uff89N ratio, and gas exchange properties. The CO2 \uffc3\uff97 family interaction is the main indicator of potential evolutionary responses to changing CO2. Significant CO2 \uffc3\uff97 family interactions were observed for N content, C\uffe2\uff80\uff89:\uffe2\uff80\uff89N ratio, and photosynthetic rate (A: instantaneous light\uffe2\uff80\uff90saturated carbon assimilation capacity), intercellular CO2 concentration, transpiration rate (E), and water use efficiency (WUE = A/E), but not for stomatal conductance. Families differed significantly in acclimation across time. The ratio of A in elevated vs. ambient growth CO2, when measured at a common internal CO2 partial pressure was 0.79, indicating down\uffe2\uff80\uff90regulation of A under CO2 enrichment. Mass, C\uffe2\uff80\uff89:\uffe2\uff80\uff89N ratio, percentage, C (%C), and soluble sugar all increased significantly but overall %N did not change. Increases in %C and sugar were significant and were coincident with redistribution of N aboveground. The observed variation among populations and families in response to CO2 is evidence of genetic variation in response and therefore of the potential for novel evolutionary trajectories with rising atmospheric CO2.</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "0301 basic medicine", "elevated CO2", "photosynthesis", "Science", "Botany", "nitrogen assimilation", "Plantaginaceae", "gas exchange", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "03 medical and health sciences", "Plantago lanceolata", "genetic variation", "biomass allocation", "Biology"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Jenkins Klus, Dawn, Kalisz, Susan, Curtis, Peter S., Teeri, James A., Tonsor, Stephen J.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2307/2657091"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/American%20Journal%20of%20Botany", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2307/2657091", "name": "item", "description": "10.2307/2657091", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2307/2657091"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2001-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2307/2845918", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-08-25T16:18:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-06-16", "title": "The Effect Of Elevated Carbon Dioxide On A Sierra-Nevadan Dominant Species: Pinus Ponderosa", "description": "The impact of increasing atmospheric C0{sub 2} has not been fully evaluated on western coniferous forest species. Two year old seedlings of Pinusponderosa were grown in environmentally controlled chambers under increased C0{sub 2} conditions for 6 months. These trees exhibit morphological, physiological, and biochemical alterations when compared to our controls. Analysis of whole plant biomass distribution has shown no significant effect to the root to shoot ratios, however needles subjected to elevated C0{sub 2} exhibited an increased overall specific needle mass and a decreased total needle area. Morphological changes at the needle level included decreased mesophyll to vascular tissue 91 ratio and variations in starch storage in chloroplasts. The elevated CO{sub 2} increased internal CO{sub 2} concentrations and assimilation of carbon. Biochemical assays revealed that ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase specific activities increased on per unit area basis with C0{sub 2} treatment levels. Sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) activities exhibited an increase of 55% in the 700 uL L{sup {minus}1} treatment. These results indicate that the sink-source relationships of these trees have shifted carbon allocation toward above ground growth, possibly due to transport limitations.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Biological Effects", "Plants", "Forests", "Carbon Sinks", "Carbon Dioxide", "Photosynthesis", "15. Life on land", "54 Environmental Sciences", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Pushnik, James C., Demaree, Richard S., Flory, William B., Bauer, Scott M., Houpis, James L. J., Anderson, Paul D.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2307/2845918"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Biogeography", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2307/2845918", "name": "item", "description": "10.2307/2845918", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2307/2845918"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1995-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3389/fmicb.2019.01087", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:19:07Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-05-15", "title": "Inoculation With Piriformospora indica Is More Efficient in Wild-Type Rice Than in Transgenic Rice Over-Expressing the Vacuolar H+-PPase", "description": "Achieving food security in a context of environmental sustainability is one of the main challenges of the XXI century. Two competing strategies to achieve this goal are the use of genetically modified plants and the use of plant growth promoting microorganisms (PGPMs). However, few studies assess the response of genetically modified plants to PGPMs. The aim of this study was to compare the response of over-expressing the vacuolar H+-PPase (AVP) and wild-type rice types to the endophytic fungus; Piriformospora indica. Oryza sativa plants (WT and AVP) were inoculated with P. indica and 30 days later, morphological, ecophysiological and bioenergetic parameters, and nutrient content were assessed. AVP and WT plant heights were strongly influenced by inoculation with P. indica, which also promoted increases in fresh and dry matter of shoot in both genotypes. This may be related with the stimulatory effect of P. indica on ecophysiological parameters, especially photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, intrinsic water use efficiency and carboxylation efficiency. However, there were differences between the genotypes concerning the physiological mechanisms leading to biomass increment. In WT plants, inoculation with P. indica stimulated all H+ pumps. However, in inoculated AVP plants, H+-PPase was stimulated, but P- and V-ATPases were inhibited. Fungal inoculation enhanced nutrient uptake in both shoots and roots of WT and AVP plants, compared to uninoculated plants; but among inoculated genotypes, the nutrient uptake was lower in AVP than in WT plants. These results clearly demonstrate that the symbiosis between P. indica and AVP plants did not benefit those plants, which may be related to the inefficient colonization of this fungus on the transgenic plants, demonstrating an incompatibility of this symbiosis, which needs to be further studied.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0301 basic medicine", "0303 health sciences", "endophytic fungus", "photosynthesis", "Oryza sativa", "plant growth", "15. Life on land", "Microbiology", "QR1-502", "6. Clean water", "03 medical and health sciences", "H+ pumps", "H+-PPase"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.01087"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Frontiers%20in%20Microbiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3389/fmicb.2019.01087", "name": "item", "description": "10.3389/fmicb.2019.01087", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3389/fmicb.2019.01087"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-05-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/cells9092026", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-25T16:19:13Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-09-03", "title": "Chemical Genetics Approach Identifies Abnormal Inflorescence Meristem 1 as a Putative Target of a Novel Sulfonamide That Protects Catalase2-Deficient Arabidopsis against Photorespiratory Stress", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Alterations of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels have a profound impact on numerous signaling cascades orchestrating plant growth, development, and stress signaling, including programmed cell death. To expand the repertoire of known molecular mechanisms implicated in H2O2 signaling, we performed a forward chemical screen to identify small molecules that could alleviate the photorespiratory-induced cell death phenotype of Arabidopsisthaliana mutants lacking H2O2-scavenging capacity by peroxisomal catalase2. Here, we report the characterization of pakerine, an m-sulfamoyl benzamide from the sulfonamide family. Pakerine alleviates the cell death phenotype of cat2 mutants exposed to photorespiration-promoting conditions and delays dark-induced senescence in wild-type Arabidopsis leaves. By using a combination of transcriptomics, metabolomics, and affinity purification, we identified abnormal inflorescence meristem 1 (AIM1) as a putative protein target of pakerine. AIM1 is a 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase involved in fatty acid \u03b2-oxidation that contributes to jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA) biosynthesis. Whereas intact JA biosynthesis was not required for pakerine bioactivity, our results point toward a role for \u03b2-oxidation-dependent SA production in the execution of H2O2-mediated cell death.</p></article>", "keywords": ["EXPRESSION", "0106 biological sciences", "0301 basic medicine", "photorespiration", "Cell Respiration", "Meristem", "Arabidopsis", "Cyclopentanes", "catalase2-deficient <i>Arabidopsis</i>", "01 natural sciences", "Article", "ACTIVATION", "catalase2-deficient Arabidopsis", "03 medical and health sciences", "HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE", "Hydroponics", "Gene Expression Regulation", " Plant", "Multienzyme Complexes", "Stress", " Physiological", "Plant Cells", "SALICYLIC-ACID BIOSYNTHESIS", "H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> signaling", "Medicine and Health Sciences", "abnormal inflorescence meristem 1", "LEAF SENESCENCE", "Oxylipins", "Photosynthesis", "2. Zero hunger", "QH573-671", "Cell Death", "Arabidopsis Proteins", "Gene Expression Profiling", "Biology and Life Sciences", "Computational Biology", "Hydrogen Peroxide", "ARABIDOPSIS", "MULTIFUNCTIONAL PROTEIN", "3. Good health", "PEROXISOMAL BETA-OXIDATION", "Plant Leaves", "chemical genetics", "CELL-DEATH", "PHENYLALANINE AMMONIA-LYASE", "Seeds", "Cytology", "Salicylic Acid", "H2O2 signaling", "Signal Transduction"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/9/9/2026/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/cells9092026"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Cells", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/cells9092026", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/cells9092026", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/cells9092026"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-09-02T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Photosynthesis&offset=50&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Photosynthesis&offset=50&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "prev", "title": "items (prev)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Photosynthesis&offset=0", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "next", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (next)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Photosynthesis&offset=100", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 135, "numberReturned": 50, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-08-25T20:50:22.516213Z"}