Gypsum soils in the Mediterranean Basin house large numbers of edaphic specialists that are adapted to stressful environments. The evolutionary history and standing genetic variation of these taxa have been influenced by the geological and paleoclimatic complexity of this area and the long\uffe2\uff80\uff90standing effect of human activities. However, little is known about the origin of Mediterranean gypsophiles and the factors affecting their genetic diversity and population structure.
METHODSUsing phylogenetic and phylogeographic approaches based on microsatellites and sequence data from nuclear and chloroplast regions, we evaluated the divergence time, genetic diversity, and population structure of 27 different populations of the widespread Iberian gypsophile Lepidium subulatum throughout its entire geographic range.
RESULTSLepidium subulatum diverged from its nearest relatives ~3 million years ago, and ITS and psbA/matK trees supported the monophyly of the species. These results suggest that both geological and climatic changes in the region around the Plio\uffe2\uff80\uff90Pleistocene promoted its origin, compared to other evolutionary processes. We found high genetic diversity in both nuclear and chloroplast markers, but a greater population structure in the chloroplast data. These results suggest that while seed dispersal is limited, pollen flow may be favored by the presence of numerous habitat patches that enhance the movement of pollinators.
CONCLUSIONSDespite being an edaphic endemic, L. subulatum possesses high genetic diversity probably related to its relatively old age and high population sizes across its range. Our study highlights the value of using different markers to fully understand the phylogeographic history of plant species.BACKGROUND: In spite of increasing knowledge of allelopathic rice as an efficient component involved in paddy weed management, relatively little is known about its reproduction in response to competing weeds. Reproduction allocation of individual allelopathic rice plants in relation to monoculture and mixed culture with competing barnyardgrass in a paddy field was studied, along with analyses of soil nutrients and microbial communities to understand the potential mechanism.
RESULTS: At a 1:1 barnyardgrass and rice mixture proportion identified from a replacement series study, biomass, grain yield and major parameters of individual allelopathic rice plants at the mature stage were increased by competing barnyardgrass. There was no difference in allelopathic rice root\uffe2\uff80\uff90zone soil ammonium N and Olsen P between monoculture and mixed culture. However, mixed culture altered soil microbial biomass C and communities. When mixed with barnyardgrass, allelopathic rice root zone had an 87% increase in soil microbial biomass C. Phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) profiling indicated that the signature lipid biomarkers of bacteria, actinobacteria and fungi were affected by mixed culture. Principal component analysis clearly identified differences in the composition of PLFA in different soil samples.
CONCLUSION: Allelopathic rice specific changes in soil microbial communities may generate a positive feedback on its own growth and reproduction in the presence of competing barnyardgrass in a given paddy system. Copyright \uffc2\uffa9 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "China", "Reproduction", "Population Dynamics", "Oryza", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Pheromones", "Soil", "Echinochloa", "Rhizosphere", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Biomass", "Soil Microbiology"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Chui-Hua Kong, Peng Wang, Xiang-Rui Meng, Hanwen Ni, Ming-Li Wang,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.3380"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Pest%20Management%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/ps.3380", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/ps.3380", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/ps.3380"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-08-07T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/bf00055429", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:14:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-11-04", "title": "Leucaena Plus Maize Alley Cropping In Malawi .2. Residual P And Leaf Management Effects On Maize Nutrition And Soil Properties", "description": "Agroforestry systems involving leaf removal for animal fodder may result in rapid depletion of soil fertility. The purpose of this research was to determine if the effects of leaf removal on soil fertility parameters and maize yield in a Leucaena leucocephala alley cropping system could be reversed. Three leaf management strategies in a Leucaena alley cropping trial that had been in effect from 1987 to 1991 were investigated: 1) leaves returned, 2) leaves removed, and 3) leaves removed, with 100 kg inorganic N ha\u22121 added. In the 1990/91 season, a 34 confounded factorial design was utilized to investigate the effects of leaf management strategy, N rate (0, 30 and 60 kg N ha\u22121); maize plant population (14,800, 29,600, and 44,400 plants ha\u22121); and P rate (0, 18, and 35 kg P ha\u22121). In the 1991/92 and 1992/93 seasons, leaves were applied equally to all plots, and no P was applied. The N rate and plant population treatments were continued, and the same confounded factorial design was implemented to investigate residual leaf management strategy, residual P rate, n rate, and plant population. The yield gap between the plots where leaves had been returned vs. removed narrowed each season due to uniform leaf application. Application of N improved yields during both seasons. Residual effects of the initial P application decreased to only 10% of the total yield in 1992/93. Plant population affected yields only during the season of very good rainfall. Leaf additions resulted in a relative increase in soil pH, total N,and exchangeable Ca, Mg, and K and a decrease C/N ratio in plots that had not previously received leaves. Leaves supplied more K and Zn to the upper 15 cm of soil than were being extracted by the maize crop, but uniform leaf additions eliminated differences in K and Zn uptake. Plant Zn uptake decreased with increasing P rate and plant population, and increased with increasing N rate and a history of leaf return. The results show that applying leaves equilibrated yields within two seasons, and resulted in a relative improvement of several soil properties. The residual effect from P applications was not adequate to maximize yields.", "keywords": ["alley cropping", "2. Zero hunger", "leucaena leucocephala", "soil fertility", "agroforestry systems", "yields", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "maize", "plant population", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Wendt, J.W., Jones, R.B., Bunderson, W.T., Itimu, A.O.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00055429"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agroforestry%20Systems", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/bf00055429", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/bf00055429", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/bf00055429"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1996-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00267-015-0541-x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:14:41Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-05-26", "title": "Using Shrub Clearing, Draining, And Herbivory To Control Bramble Invasion In Mediterranean Dry Grasslands", "description": "For centuries, the dry grassland of the plain of La Crau (south-eastern France) has been subjected to numerous disturbances resulting in the destruction and the fragmentation of this emblematic rangeland ecosystem of the Mediterranean. Today, this ecosystem is facing a new threat from a proliferating native species, the bramble (Rubus ulmifolius Schott), which preferentially colonizes areas that were formerly cultivated and/or exposed to water infiltration. To identify a strategy for effective control of this colonization, in situ experiments testing disturbance regimes (shrub clearing and/or mixed grazing by sheep and goats) combined with the control of access to water resources (with or without drainage trenches) were undertaken between 2010 and 2013. Only clearing and grazing combined over 3 years led to significant changes in vegetation height and bramble cover as well as modifications in the floristic composition, diversity, similarity, and richness of the plant community. Neither a clearing operation carried out in 2010 alone, nor grazing alone, reduced bramble cover, and neither treatment increased the species richness of the plant community. Similarly, digging drainage trenches had no significant impact either on the plant community or on bramble cover. Our study suggests that only annual mechanical clearing coupled with sheep and goats grazing can significantly reduce bramble cover. This combined restoration treatment needs to be applied for at least 3 consecutive years to induce significant changes and enable this ecosystem to return to the dry grassland succession.", "keywords": ["Population Density", "2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "Sheep", "Mediterranean Region", "Drainage", " Sanitary", "Biodiversity", "15. Life on land", "Poaceae", "Grassland", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Animals", "France", "Herbivory", "Rubus", "Ecosystem", "Environmental Restoration and Remediation"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-015-0541-x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00267-015-0541-x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00267-015-0541-x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00267-015-0541-x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-05-27T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00374-011-0539-3", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:14:45Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-01-18", "title": "Effects Of Organic And Inorganic Fertilization On Soil Bacterial And Fungal Microbial Diversity In The Kabete Long-Term Trial, Kenya", "description": "The effects of crop manure and inorganic fertilizers on composition of microbial communities of central high land soils of Kenya are poorly known. For this reason, we have carried out a thirty-two-year-old long-term trial in Kabete, Kenya. These soils were treated with organic (maize stover (MS) at 10 t ha\u22121, farmyard manure (FYM) at 10 t ha\u22121) and inorganic fertilizers 120 kg N, 52.8 kg P (N2P2), N2P2 + MS, N2P2 + FYM, a control, and a fallow for over 30 years. We examined 16S rRNA gene and 28S rRNA gene fingerprints of bacterial and fungal diversity by PCR amplification and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis separation, respectively. The PCR bacterial community structure and diversity were negatively affected by N2P2 and were more closely related to the bacterial structure in the soils without any addition (control) than that of soils with a combination of inorganic and organic or inorganic fertilizers alone. The effect on fungal diversity by N2P2 was different than the effect on bacterial diversity since the fungal diversity was similar to that of the N2P2 + FYM and N2P2 + MS-treated. However, soils treated with organic inputs clustered away from soils amended with inorganic inputs. Organic inputs had a positive effect on both bacterial and fungal diversity with or without chemical fertilizers. Results from this study suggested that total diversity of bacterial and fungal communities was closely related to agro-ecosystem management practices and may partially explain the yield differences observed between the different treatments.", "keywords": ["[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences", "Microbial diversity", "soil microorganisms", "engrais organique", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_27870", "Organic and inorganic amendments", "F08 - Syst\u00e8mes et modes de culture", "rendement des cultures", "630", "fertilisation", "biodiversit\u00e9", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4592", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_36669", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2018", "inorganic fertilizers", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_10795", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_34326", "fertility", "2. Zero hunger", "[SDV.SA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_33949", "g\u00e9n\u00e9tique des populations", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "agro\u00e9cosyst\u00e8me", "6. Clean water", "fertilit\u00e9 du sol", "PCR", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_34079", "polymerization", "community structure", "abonos inorg\u00e1nicos", "management", "570", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7170", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7172", "flore microbienne", "soil", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_36167", "micro-organisme du sol", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_10176", "organic fertilizers", "abonos org\u00e1nicos", "pratique culturale", "microorganismos del suelo", "suelo", "flore du sol", "P35 - Fertilit\u00e9 du sol", "P34 - Biologie du sol", "polimerizaci\u00f3n", "15. Life on land", "engrais min\u00e9ral", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16367", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4086", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "F04 - Fertilisation"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-011-0539-3"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biology%20and%20Fertility%20of%20Soils", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00374-011-0539-3", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00374-011-0539-3", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00374-011-0539-3"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-01-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s003740050505", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-27T16:14:47Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2002-08-25", "title": "Effects Of Trefoil Cover Crop And Earthworm Inoculation On Maize Crop And Soil Organisms In Reunion Island", "description": "Traditional tree fallows have been abandoned on the western coast of the Reunion Island because of the increasing need for cultivated land. Soil fertility is no longer restored and crop yields have decreased drastically. The leguminous plant, Lotus uliginosus (trefoil), used as a cover crop, has made possible the control of erosion, the restoration of soil macrofauna, especially earthworms, and the increase in crop yields. When trefoil was associated with earthworms (Amynthas corticis), the densities of maize, the yields of maize stalk and dry matter, the yield of trefoil fodder dry matter, and the biomass and respiratory activity of soil microflora were considerably increased. The combined effects of their association led to a significant decrease in populations of the plant-parasitic nematode, Pratylenchus vulnus, in maize roots, and in the population of borers. Some soil chemical features were modified.", "keywords": ["RENDEMENT", "propri\u00e9t\u00e9 physicochimique du sol", "COUVERT VEGETAL", "organisme du sol", "F08 - Syst\u00e8mes et modes de culture", "rendement des cultures", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_29111", "FAUNE DU SOL", "taux de croissance", "Zea mays", "630", "plante de couverture", "ravageur des plantes", "Pratylenchus vulnus", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_10176", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3081", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_33552", "Oligochaeta", "2. Zero hunger", "FERTILITE DU SOL", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1936", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_24794", "MICROBIOLOGIE DU SOL", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7182", "P34 - Biologie du sol", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16196", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16130", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "NEMATODE", "15. Life on land", "H10 - Ravageurs des plantes", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6543", "Lotus uliginosus", "MAIS", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8504", "DYNAMIQUE DE POPULATION", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4446", "LOMBRIC"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Boyer, J., Michellon, R., Chabanne, A., /Reversat, Georges, Tibere, R.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s003740050505"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biology%20and%20Fertility%20of%20Soils", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s003740050505", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s003740050505", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s003740050505"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1999-02-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00442-004-1494-6", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:14:48Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-03-09", "title": "Competitive Effect Versus Competitive Response Of Invasive And Native Wetland Plant Species", "description": "Non-native plants can have adverse effects on ecosystem structure and processes by invading and out-competing native plants. I examined the hypothesis that mature plants of non-native and native species exert differential effects on the growth of conspecific and heterospecific seedlings by testing predictions that (1) invasive vegetation has a stronger suppressive effect on seedlings than does native vegetation, (2) seedlings of invasive species are better able to grow in established vegetation than are native seedlings, and (3) invasive species facilitate conspecific and inhibit heterospecific seedling growth. I measured growth rates and interaction intensities for seedlings of four species that were transplanted into five wetland monoculture types: invasive Lythrum salicaria; native L. alatum, Typha angustifolia, T. latifolia; unvegetated control. Invasive L. salicaria had the strongest suppressive effect on actual and per-individual bases, but not on a per-gram basis. Seedlings of T. latifolia were better able to grow in established vegetation than were those of L. salicaria and T. angustifolia. These results suggest that L. salicaria is not a good invader of established vegetation, but once established, it is fairly resistant to invasion. Thus, it is likely that disturbance of established vegetation facilitates invasion by L. salicaria, allowing it to compete with other species in even-aged stands where its high growth rate and consequent production of aboveground biomass confer a competitive advantage.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Conservation of Natural Resources", "Seedlings", "Water Supply", "Population Dynamics", "Plant Development", "Biomass", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Ecosystem", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-004-1494-6"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Oecologia", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00442-004-1494-6", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00442-004-1494-6", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00442-004-1494-6"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00442-011-2133-7", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:14:49Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-10-04", "title": "Soil Warming Alters Nitrogen Cycling In A New England Forest: Implications For Ecosystem Function And Structure", "description": "Global climate change is expected to affect terrestrial ecosystems in a variety of ways. Some of the more well-studied effects include the biogeochemical feedbacks to the climate system that can either increase or decrease the atmospheric load of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide. Less well-studied are the effects of climate change on the linkages between soil and plant processes. Here, we report the effects of soil warming on these linkages observed in a large field manipulation of a deciduous forest in southern New England, USA, where soil was continuously warmed 5\u00b0C above ambient for 7 years. Over this period, we have observed significant changes to the nitrogen cycle that have the potential to affect tree species composition in the long term. Since the start of the experiment, we have documented a 45% average annual increase in net nitrogen mineralization and a three-fold increase in nitrification such that in years 5 through 7, 25% of the nitrogen mineralized is then nitrified. The warming-induced increase of available nitrogen resulted in increases in the foliar nitrogen content and the relative growth rate of trees in the warmed area. Acer rubrum (red maple) trees have responded the most after 7 years of warming, with the greatest increases in both foliar nitrogen content and relative growth rates. Our study suggests that considering species-specific responses to increases in nitrogen availability and changes in nitrogen form is important in predicting future forest composition and feedbacks to the climate system.", "keywords": ["Ecosystem ecology - Original Paper", "0106 biological sciences", "550", "Nitrogen", "Climate Change", "Population Dynamics", "Acer", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Nitrogen Cycle", "15. Life on land", "Nitrate Reductase", "01 natural sciences", "Trees", "Soil", "Species Specificity", "New England", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Ecology", " Evolution", " Behavior and Systematics", "Ecosystem"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-011-2133-7"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Oecologia", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00442-011-2133-7", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00442-011-2133-7", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00442-011-2133-7"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-10-05T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00442-012-2471-0", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:14:49Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-10-03", "title": "Ectomycorrhizal Fungal Succession Coincides With Shifts In Organic Nitrogen Availability And Canopy Closure In Post-Wildfire Jack Pine Forests", "description": "Successional changes in belowground ectomycorrhizal fungal (EMF) communities have been observed with increasing forest stand age; however, mechanisms behind this change remain unclear. It has been hypothesized that declines of inorganic nitrogen (N) and increases of organic N influence changes in EMF taxa over forest development. In a post-wildfire chronosequence of six jack pine (Pinus banksiana) stands ranging in age from 5 to 56 years, we investigated EMF community composition and compared shifts in taxa with detailed soluble inorganic and organic N data. Taxa were identified by internal transcribed spacer rDNA sequencing, and changes in community composition evaluated with non-metric multi-dimensional scaling (NMDS). Dissimilarities in the community data were tested for correlations with N variables. We observed a successional shift along NMDS axis 1 from such taxa as Suillus brevipes and Thelephora terrestris in sites age 5 and 11 to species of Cortinarius and Russula, among others, in the four older sites. This change was positively correlated with soluble organic N (SON) (r(2) = 0.902, P = 0.033) and free amino-acid N (r(2) = 0.945, P = 0.021), but not inorganic N. Overall, our results show a successional shift of EMF communities occurring between stand initiation and canopy closure without a change in species of the dominant plant-host, and associated with SON and free amino-acid N in soil. It is uncertain whether EMF taxa are responding to these organic N forms directly, affecting their availability, or are ultimately responding to changes in other site variables, such as belowground productivity.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Mycorrhizae", "DNA", " Ribosomal Spacer", "Population Dynamics", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Biodiversity", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Nitrogen Cycle", "15. Life on land", "Pinus", "01 natural sciences", "Fires"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-012-2471-0"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Oecologia", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00442-012-2471-0", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00442-012-2471-0", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00442-012-2471-0"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-10-04T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10646-012-0988-y", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:15:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-08-25", "title": "Nematodes As Bioindicators Of Soil Degradation Due To Heavy Metals", "description": "The effect of distance from a heavy metal pollution source on the soil nematode community was investigated on four sampling sites along an 4 km transect originating at the Kovohuty a.s. Krompachy (pollution source). The soil nematode communities were exposed to heavy metal influence directly and through soil properties changes. We quantified the relative effects of total and mobile fraction of metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn) on soil ecosystem using the nematode community structure (trophic and c-p groups,) and ecological indices (Richness of genera, H', MI2-5, etc.). Pollution effects on the community structure of soil free living nematodes was found to be the highest near the pollution source, with relatively low population density and domination of insensitive taxa. A decrease in heavy metals contents along the transect was linked with an increase in complexity of nematode community. The majority of used indices (MI2-5, SI, H') negatively correlated (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01) with heavy metals content and were sensitive to soil ecosystem disturbance. Contamination by heavy metals has negatively affected the soil environment, which resulted in nematode community structure and ecological indices changes. Results showed that the free-living nematodes are useful tools for bioindication of contamination and could be used as an alternative to the common approaches based on chemical methods.", "keywords": ["Population Density", "Slovakia", "Nematoda", "Industrial Waste", "Environmental Exposure", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Biota", "01 natural sciences", "Mass Spectrometry", "13. Climate action", "Metals", " Heavy", "Metallurgy", "Animals", "Soil Pollutants", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Environmental Monitoring", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-012-0988-y"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecotoxicology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10646-012-0988-y", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10646-012-0988-y", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10646-012-0988-y"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-08-26T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11356-017-0378-3", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:15:26Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-10-09", "title": "Intra- and inter-specific variations in chitin in lichens along a N-deposition gradient", "description": "The mechanisms of nitrogen (N) tolerance in lichens are not yet fully understood. Here, we investigated how the increase of chitin content is related with N excess at inter- and intra-specific levels, by using species with differing ecological N tolerances (the tolerant Xanthoria parietina and Parmotrema hypoleucinum and the sensitive Evernia prunastri and Usnea sp.) and thalli of X. parietina and P. hypoleucinum from sites with different availabilities of N of agricultural origin (livestock), as confirmed by lichen N content and \u03b415N. Nitrogen, chitin (N-containing compound), and ergosterol contents were measured in lichen thalli. Nitrogen and chitin contents were higher in tolerant species than those in sensitive ones (inter-specific level) and in thalli collected from the N-polluted site than in thalli from the clean site (intra-specific level). We suggest that chitin contributes to N stress tolerance in lichens, and that excess N can be partially stored as chitin (non-toxic form) in the cell walls of tolerant species.", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "0303 health sciences", "03 medical and health sciences", "Ascomycota", "Biological Variation", " Population", "Lichens", "Nitrogen", "Ergosterol", "Chitin", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11356-017-0378-3.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-0378-3"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Science%20and%20Pollution%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11356-017-0378-3", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11356-017-0378-3", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11356-017-0378-3"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-10-09T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1890/05-2074", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-27T16:20:43Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-06-04", "title": "Regulation Of Benthic Algal And Animal Communities By Salt Marsh Plants: Impact Of Shading", "description": "Plant cover is a fundamental feature of many coastal marine and terrestrial systems and controls the structure of associated animal communities. Both natural and human-mediated changes in plant cover influence abiotic sediment properties and thus have cascading impacts on the biotic community. Using clipping (structural) and light (shading) manipulations in two salt marsh vegetation zones (one dominated by Spartina foliosa and one by Salicornia virginica), we tested whether these plant species exert influence on abiotic environmental factors and examined the mechanisms by which these changes regulate the biotic community. In an unshaded (plant and shade removal) treatment, marsh soils exhibited harsher physical properties, a microalgal community composition shift toward increased diatom dominance, and altered macrofaunal community composition with lower species richness, a larger proportion of insect larvae, and a smaller proportion of annelids, crustaceans, and oligochaetes compared to shaded (plant removal, shade mimic) and control treatment plots. Overall, the shaded treatment plots were similar to the controls. Plant cover removal also resulted in parallel shifts in microalgal and macrofaunal isotopic signatures of the most dynamic species. This suggests that animal responses are seen mainly among microalgae grazers and may be mediated by plant modification of microalgae. Results of these experiments demonstrate how light reduction by the vascular plant canopy can control salt marsh sediment communities in an arid climate. This research facilitates understanding of sequential consequences of changing salt marsh plant cover associated with climate or sea level change, habitat degradation, marsh restoration, or plant invasion.", "keywords": ["macrobenthos", "0106 biological sciences", "Conservation of Natural Resources", "Geologic Sediments", "abiotic properties", "Population Dynamics", "Chenopodiaceae", "Environment", "01 natural sciences", "Spartina foliosa", "stable isotope", "Animals", "Biomass", "14. Life underwater", "plant cover", "Ecosystem", "Plant Physiological Phenomena", "biodiversity", "pickleweed", "microalgae", "Eukaryota", "Biodiversity", "15. Life on land", "13. Climate action", "cordgrass", "Sunlight", "Salicornia virginica", "light"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt09d6c3jf/qt09d6c3jf.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1890/05-2074"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1890/05-2074", "name": "item", "description": "10.1890/05-2074", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1890/05-2074"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.03.003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:15:54Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-04-20", "title": "Effects Of Organic Versus Conventional Management On Chemical And Biological Parameters In Agricultural Soils", "description": "Abstract A comparative study of organic and conventional arable farming systems was conducted in The Netherlands to determine the effect of management practices on chemical and biological soil properties and soil health. Soils from thirteen accredited organic farms and conventionally managed neighboring farms were analyzed using a polyphasic approach combining traditional soil analysis, culture-dependent and independent microbiological analyses, a nematode community analysis and an enquiry about different management practices among the farmers. Organic management, known primarily for the abstinence of artificial fertilizers and pesticides, resulted in significantly lower levels of both nitrate and total soluble nitrogen in the soil, higher numbers of bacteria of different trophic groups, as well as larger species richness in both bacteria and nematode communities and more resilience to a drying\u2013rewetting disturbance in the soil. The organic farmers plough their fields less deeply and tend to apply more organic carbon to their fields, but this did not result in a significantly higher organic carbon content in their soils. The levels of ammonium, organic nitrogen, phosphate and total phosphorus did not differ, significantly between the soils under different management. Fifty percent of the conventional Dutch farmers also used organic fertilizers and the numbers of farmers using a green crop fertilizer did not differ between the two management types. Soil type \u2013 clayey or sandy soil \u2013 in general had a much stronger effect on the soil characteristics than management type. The soil type influenced pH, nitrate, ammonium, phosphate and organic carbon levels as well as numbers of oligotrophic bacteria and of different groups of nematodes, and different diversity indices. With the collected data set certain soil characteristics could also be attributed to the use of different management practices like plow depth, crop or cover crop type or to the management history of the soil.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "agroecosystems", "microbial-populations", "species composition", "plant", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "maturity index", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "diversity", "communities", "gradient gel-electrophoresis", "low-input", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "farming systems"], "contacts": [{"organization": "van Diepeningen, A.D., de Vos, O.J., Korthals, G.W., van Bruggen, A.H.C.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.03.003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.03.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.03.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.03.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2017.08.009", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-27T16:15:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-09-18", "title": "Changes in the genetic structure of an invasive earthworm species (Lumbricus terrestris, Lumbricidae) along an urban \u2013 rural gradient in North America", "description": "European earthworms were introduced to North America by European settlers about 400 years ago. Human-mediated introductions significantly contributed to the spread of European species, which commonly are used as fishing bait and are often disposed deliberately in the wild. We investigated the genetic structure of Lumbricus terrestris in a 100 km range south of Calgary, Canada, an area that likely was devoid of this species two decades ago. Genetic relationships among populations, gene flow, and migration events among populations were investigated using seven microsatellite markers and the mitochondrial 16S rDNA gene. Earthworms were collected at different distances from the city and included fishing baits from three different bait distributors. The results suggest that field populations in Alberta established rather recently and that bait and field individuals in the study area have a common origin. Genetic variance within populations decreased outside of the urban area, and the most distant populations likely originated from a single introduction event. The results emphasise the utility of molecular tools to understand the spatial extent and connectivity of populations of exotic species, in particular soil-delling species, that invade native ecosystems and to obtain information on the origin of populations. Such information is crucial for developing management and prevention strategies to limit and control establishment of non-native earthworms in North America.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "0301 basic medicine", "570", "03 medical and health sciences", "Ecology", " evolutionary biology", "11. Sustainability", "15. Life on land", "Microsatellites", " Exotic earthworms", " Invasion", " Gene flow", " Dispersal", " Population structure", " Soil", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2017.08.009"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2017.08.009", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2017.08.009", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2017.08.009"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.baae.2006.07.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-27T16:16:01Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-08-31", "title": "Patch Choice Of Avian Herbivores Along A Migration Trajectory - From Temperate To Arctic", "description": "Migratory waterfowl species seem to track temporal and spatial pulses of optimal forage availability on their way from temperate wintering to arctic breeding sites. In order to unravel the relative contribution of forage quality and forage biomass to foraging choices in avian herbivores, we experimentally manipulated biomass and quality of main forage plants through fertilisation and grazing exclusion at three sites along the flyway of barnacle geese, Branta leucopsis. Fertilisation increased the nitrogen content of the forage and grazing exclusion increased biomass levels. Manipulated plots were offered to wild geese in a random block experimental design and goose visitation was measured through dropping counts. At all sites there was a trend towards a higher preference of plots with increased quality and average biomass above plots with an average quality and increased biomass. Generally, geese preferred plots with highest standing crop of nitrogen. The numerical response of the geese to forage changes was supported by behavioural observations at the Baltic site. We conclude that for migrating barnacle geese the bottlenecks in the standing crop of nitrogen appear to tie in the limited biomass availability at the Baltic stopover site and the limited nutrient content of food in the Arctic breeding site, restricting the potential nutrient intake on these sites. (C) 2006 Gesellschaft fur Okologie. Published by Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.
", "keywords": ["barnacle goose", "0106 biological sciences", "SNOW GEESE", "BRENT GEESE", "KOLOKOLKOVA BAY", "Branta leucopsis", "B-BERNICLA", "15. Life on land", "BARNACLE GEESE", "GOOSE POPULATION", "grazing experiment", "01 natural sciences", "ptant-herbivore interactions", "salt marsh", "FOOD QUALITY", "flyway", "forage quality", "FORAGING BEHAVIOR", "plant biomass", "GEESE BRANTA-LEUCOPSIS", "BODY-SIZE"], "contacts": [{"organization": "R.H. Drent, Julia Stahl, A. J. van der Graaf, G. F. (Ciska) Veen, R.M. Havinga,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.baae.2006.07.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Basic%20and%20Applied%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.baae.2006.07.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.baae.2006.07.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.baae.2006.07.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.ecoenv.2003.09.011", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:16:13Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-12-13", "title": "Effects Of Heavy Metals On Earthworms Along Contamination Gradients In Organic Rich Soils", "description": "Earthworm communities and metal (bio)availability to earthworms along contamination gradients was studied in order to support chemical analyses in risk assessment of metal contaminated soils. Earthworms were sampled in three metal contaminated areas with different habitat and soil properties in Finland. Earthworm and soil samples were collected at three distances (1, 2, and 4 km) from the emission sources. Earthworms were identified as to species and analyzed for heavy metals. Total soil metal concentrations were analyzed using an ultrasound-assisted extraction method and bioavailable metal fraction was estimated by acetic acid extraction. In two of the three areas studied, heavy metal concentrations close to the emission sources were high enough to have harmful effects on earthworms and their environments. In general, diversity, total numbers, and biomass of earthworms increased with increasing distance from the emission sources. When individuals were available for analyses close to the emission source, positive correlations between metal concentrations in the earthworms and those in the soils were observed.", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "Metals", " Heavy", "Population Dynamics", "Animals", "Biological Availability", "Soil Pollutants", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Biomass", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Oligochaeta", "Risk Assessment", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2003.09.011"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecotoxicology%20and%20Environmental%20Safety", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.ecoenv.2003.09.011", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.ecoenv.2003.09.011", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2003.09.011"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.foodres.2017.03.045", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:16:31Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-08-22", "title": "Past, present and future: The strength of plant-based dairy substitutes based on gluten-free raw materials", "description": "As the pace of vaccine uptake accelerates globally, there is a need to document low-income country experiences with vaccine introductions. Over the course of five years, the government of Rwanda rolled out vaccines against pneumococcus, human papillomavirus, rotavirus, and measles & rubella, achieving over 90% coverage for each. To carry out these rollouts, Rwanda's Ministry of Health engaged in careful review of disease burden information and extensive, cross-sectoral planning at least one year before introducing each vaccine. Rwanda's local leaders, development partners, civil society organizations and widespread community health worker network were mobilized to support communication efforts. Community health workers were also used to confirm target population size. Support from Gavi, UNICEF and WHO was used in combination with government funds to promote country ownership and collaboration. Vaccination was also combined with additional community-based health interventions. Other countries considering rapid consecutive or simultaneous rollouts of new vaccines may consider lessons from Rwanda's experience while tailoring the strategies used to local context.", "keywords": ["Plant-based milk substitutes", "Measles Vaccine", "Plant Proteins", " Dietary", "Pneumococcal Vaccines", "Diet", " Gluten-Free", "03 medical and health sciences", "0404 agricultural biotechnology", "0302 clinical medicine", "Protein-high foods", "Food Quality", "Humans", "Rubella Vaccine", "Protein requirement", "Papillomavirus Vaccines", "Vaccines", " Combined", "Milk alternatives", "Plant-based dairy substitutes", "Food", " Formulated", "Community Health Workers", "Population Density", "2. Zero hunger", "Vaccines", "Immunization Programs", "Protein", "Diet", " Vegetarian", "Communication", "Vaccination", "Rotavirus Vaccines", "Rwanda", "1. No poverty", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Diets", "plant-based milk substitutes; protein requirement; milk alternatives; protein-high foods; protein; diets; plant-based dairy substitutes", "3. Good health", "Food Technology", "Dairy Products", "0405 other agricultural sciences", "Forecasting"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Gatera, Maurice, Bhatt, Sunil, Ngabo, Fidele, Utamuliza, Mathilde, Sibomana, Hassan, Karema, Corine, Mugeni, Cathy, Nutt, Cameron T., Nsanzimana, Sabin, Wagner, Claire M., Binagwaho, Agnes,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2017.03.045"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Food%2C%20Nutrition%20and%20Population%20Health", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.foodres.2017.03.045", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.foodres.2017.03.045", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.foodres.2017.03.045"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.marpolbul.2005.09.017", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-07-27T16:17:02Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-10-25", "title": "The Impact Of Sika Deer Grazing On The Vegetation And Infauna Of Arne Saltmarsh", "description": "Arne saltmarsh, an RSPB reserve, is situated in Poole Harbour on the English south coast. In recent years, there has been concern about possible changes in the suitability of the site for Redshank (Trigna totanus) due to sika deer (Cervus nippon) grazing. In order to assess these changes, 50 plots were established in three different locations: 20 in grazed areas, 20 in ungrazed areas and 10 fenced enclosures. Deer grazing was found to significantly affect structural and species diversity of the saltmarsh vegetation. Spartina anglica dominated in ungrazed areas whilst Salicornia ramosissima and, to a lesser extent, Puccinellia maritima dominated in grazed sites. In grazed areas the vegetation cover was significantly lower, as was vegetation height and volume. In addition, significant changes were observed in the root biomass, which was lower in grazed areas. Infaunal diversity was generally low throughout the survey area. However, significant variations were observed. Invertebrates abundance was more abundant in grazed plots than in ungrazed plots, and least abundant in fenced plots. The study indicated that in its current condition, localised areas of Arne saltmarsh do not provide adequate habitat requirements for Tringa totanus.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Conservation of Natural Resources", "Deer", "Population Dynamics", "Animals", " Wild", "Biodiversity", "Feeding Behavior", "15. Life on land", "Poaceae", "01 natural sciences", "England", "Species Specificity", "Animals", "Ecosystem", "Environmental Monitoring"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Justine Hannaford, Eunice Pinn, Anita Diaz,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2005.09.017"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Marine%20Pollution%20Bulletin", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.marpolbul.2005.09.017", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.marpolbul.2005.09.017", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2005.09.017"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156952", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:17:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-06-22", "title": "Integrated organic and inorganic fertilization and reduced irrigation altered prokaryotic microbial community and diversity in different compartments of wheat root zone contributing to improved nitrogen uptake and wheat yield", "description": "Open AccessThe effect of long-term water and integrated fertilization on prokaryotic microorganisms and their regulation for crop nutrient uptake remains unknown. Therefore, the impact of soil water and integrated fertilization after eight years on prokaryotic microbial communities in different compartments of root zone and their association with wheat nitrogen (N) absorption and yield were investigated. The results showed that compared with fertilization treatments (F), water regimes (W) more drastically modulated the prokaryotic microbial community structure and diversity in bulk soil, rhizosphere and endosphere. The increase of irrigation improved the prokaryotic diversity in the rhizosphere and endosphere while decreased the diversity in the bulk soil. Application of organic fertilizers significantly improved soil organic matter (SOM) and nutrient contents, increased rhizosphere and endophytic prokaryotic microbial diversity, and elevated the relative abundance of aerobic ammonia oxidation and nitrification-related functional microorganisms in rhizosphere and endosphere. Increasing irrigation elevated the relative abundance of functional microorganisms related to aerobic ammonia oxidation and nitrification in the rhizosphere and endosphere. Soil water content (SWC) and NH4+-N as well as NO3\u2212-N were key predictors of prokaryotic microbial community composition under W and F treatments, respectively. Appropriate application of irrigation and organic fertilizers increased the relative abundance of some beneficial bacteria such as Flavobacterium. Water and fertilization treatments regulated the prokaryotic microbial communities of bulk soil, rhizosphere and endosphere by altering SWC and SOM, and provided evidence for the modulation of prokaryotic microorganisms to promote nitrogen uptake and wheat yield under long-term irrigation and fertilization. Conclusively, the addition of organic manure (50 %) with inorganic fertilizers (50 %) and reduced amount of irrigation (pre-sowing and jointing-period irrigation) decreased the application amount of chemical fertilizers and water, while increased SOM and nutrient content, improved prokaryotic diversity, and changed prokaryotic microbial community structure in the wheat root zone, resulting in enhanced nutrient uptake and wheat yield.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Yield", "Microorganism", "Microbial population biology", "Nitrogen", "Soil Science", "Organic chemistry", "Plant Science", "01 natural sciences", "Environmental science", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Soil", "Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation in Legumes", "Soil water", "Genetics", "Fertilizers", "Biology", "Irrigation", "Soil Microbiology", "Triticum", "2. Zero hunger", "Soil organic matter", "Soil Fertility", "Physicochemical factors", "Ecology", "Bacteria", "Microbiota", "Marine Microbial Diversity and Biogeography", "Water", "Life Sciences", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Nitrification", "Agronomy", "6. Clean water", "Chemistry", "Human fertilization", "13. Climate action", "Fertilization", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Environmental Science", "Physical Sciences", "Rhizosphere", "Bulk soil", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Prokaryotic microorganisms", "Endosphere", "Soil Carbon Dynamics and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems", "Nutrient"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156952"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156952", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156952", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156952"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.02.003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Restricted", "updated": "2026-07-27T16:17:26Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-02-18", "title": "Productivity Affects The Density-Body Mass Relationship Of Soil Fauna Communities", "description": "The productivity of ecosystems and their disturbance regime affect the structure of animal communities. However, it is not clear which trophic levels benefit the most from higher productivity or are the most impacted by disturbance. The density-body mass (DBM) relationship has been shown to reflect changes in the structure of communities subjected to environmental modifications, so far, mainly in aquatic systems. We tested how different seawater inundation frequencies and cattle grazing, which both disturbed and impacted the productivity of a terrestrial system, a salt marsh, affected the size structure of soil fauna communities, expressed by their DBM relationship. We hypothesized that either: (1) all the trophic levels of soil fauna would benefit from higher productivity (i.e., amount of litter mass), reflected by a higher Y-intercept of the DBM relationship; (2) only smaller animals would benefit, reflected by a lower slope of the relationship; (3) or only larger animals would benefit, reflected by a higher slope of the relationship. We collected a large range of soil fauna from different elevation levels in grazed and ungrazed areas, thence subjected to different levels of productivity, represented by litter mass, with the most inundated and grazed area as the least productive one. Considering that pore size must be smaller in inundated and grazed areas, productivity seemed to be a greater factor influencing species distribution than soil structure. We found slopes lower than-0.75, showing that large animals dominated the community. However, a difference between the DBM relationships of the most and least frequently inundated ungrazed sites indicated that higher productivity benefited the smaller animals. Our findings show that high productivity does not equally affect the different trophic levels of this soil fauna community, suggesting inefficient transfers of energy from one trophic level to another, as smaller species benefitted more from higher productivity. \u00a9 2014 Elsevier Ltd.", "keywords": ["population-density", "0106 biological sciences", "abundance", "plant-species richness", "rain-forest", "size relationships", "energetic equivalence rule", "intermediate disturbance hypothesis", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "forest mull", "salt-marsh", "13. Climate action", "food webs", "SDG 14 - Life Below Water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.02.003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.02.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.02.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.02.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2020.107933", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-27T16:17:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-08-10", "title": "Mycorrhizal association of common European tree species shapes biomass and metabolic activity of bacterial and fungal communities in soil", "description": "Open AccessRecent studies have revealed effects of various tree species on soil physical and chemical properties. However, effects of various tree species on composition and activity of soil microbiota and the relevant controls remain poorly understood. We evaluated the influence of tree species associated with two different mycorrhizal types, ectomycorrhiza (EcM) and arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM), on growth, biomass and metabolic activity of soil fungal and bacterial communities using common garden tree species experiments throughout Denmark. The soil microbial communities differed between six European tree species as well as between EcM (beech, lime, oak and spruce) and AM (ash and maple) tree species. The EcM tree species had higher fungal biomass, fungal growth and bacterial biomass, while AM species showed higher bacterial growth. The results indicated that microbial community composition and functioning differed between groups of tree species with distinct litter qualities that generate soil C/N ratio and soil pH differences. The mycorrhizal association only partly explained litter quality and soil microbial species differences since lime was more similar to AM tree species. In addition, our results indicated that tree species-mediated soil pH and C/N ratio were the most important variables shaping microbial communities with a positive effect on bacterial and a negative effect on fungal growth rates. The results suggest that tree species-mediated microbial community composition and activity may be important drivers of the different vertical soil C distribution previously observed in AM and EcM tree species.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Quantitative Biology - Populations and Evolution"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2020.107933"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2020.107933", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2020.107933", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2020.107933"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2022.108754", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:17:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-06-06", "title": "Effects of common European tree species on soil microbial resource limitation, microbial communities and soil carbon", "description": "Open Access\u0643\u0634\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062e\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 (SOC) \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 (C) \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u062a\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 (SOM) \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 (EAs)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u0632\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629. \u062a\u0645 \u0632\u0631\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0629 (Acer pseudoplatanus L. \u0648 Fraxinus excelsior L. \u0648 Fagus sylvatica L. \u0648 Quercus robur L. \u0648 Tilia cordata L. \u0648 Picea abies L.) \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 40 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u062a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643. \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 C\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 (F/B) \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0629. \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648 EAs \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0633\u0641\u0648\u0631 (P) \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629 (AM) \u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u062c\u0631\u062b\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 C \u0648 P\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 (ECM). \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 (\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0640 AM) \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 (1) \u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u062e\u0632\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a C \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648 (2) \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 C \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 OM \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0644\u0640 SOM \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 EA \u0628\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0647\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627.", "keywords": ["Biomass (ecology)", "Microbial population biology", "Fagus sylvatica", "Soil Science", "Plant Science", "Plant litter", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions", "Soil water", "Genetics", "Monoculture", "Forest floor", "Saproxylic Insect Ecology and Forest Management", "Biology", "Beech", "Soil organic matter", "Soil Fertility", "Ecology", "Bacteria", "Picea abies", "Botany", "Life Sciences", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Soil carbon", "Agronomy", "Insect Science", "FOS: Biological sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Soil Carbon Dynamics and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems", "Nutrient"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2022.108754"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2022.108754", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2022.108754", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2022.108754"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1461-0248.2010.01486.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:19:40Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-05-12", "title": "Introduced Grazers Can Restrict Potential Soil Carbon Sequestration Through Impacts On Plant Community Composition", "description": "Ecology Letters(2010) 13: 959\uffe2\uff80\uff93968
AbstractGrazing occurs over a third of the earth\uffe2\uff80\uff99s land surface and may potentially influence the storage of 109Mg\uffe2\uff80\uff83year\uffe2\uff88\uff921of greenhouse gases as soil C. Displacement of native herbivores by high densities of livestock has often led to overgrazing and soil C loss. However, it remains unknown whether matching livestock densities to those of native herbivores can yield equivalent soil C sequestration. In the Trans\uffe2\uff80\uff90Himalayas we found that, despite comparable grazing intensities, watersheds converted to pastoralism had 49% lower soil C than watersheds which retain native herbivores. Experimental grazer\uffe2\uff80\uff90exclusion within each watershed type, show that this difference appears to be driven by indirect effects of livestock diet selection, leading to vegetation shifts that lower plant production and reduce likely soil C inputs from vegetation byc.25\uffe2\uff80\uff83gC\uffe2\uff80\uff83m\uffe2\uff88\uff922\uffe2\uff80\uff83year\uffe2\uff88\uff921. Our results suggest that while accounting for direct impacts (stocking density) is a major step, managing indirect impacts on vegetation composition are equally important in influencing soil C sequestration in grazing ecosystems.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Greenhouse Effect", "Population Density", "0106 biological sciences", "Plant Development", "Biodiversity", "Feeding Behavior", "15. Life on land", "Models", " Biological", "01 natural sciences", "Carbon", "Diet", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "Animals", " Domestic", "Animals", "Ecosystem"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Sumanta Bagchi, Mark E. Ritchie,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2010.01486.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecology%20Letters", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1461-0248.2010.01486.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1461-0248.2010.01486.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2010.01486.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-07-14T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1038/s41586-022-04737-7", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:18:24Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-05-18", "title": "Tropical tree mortality has increased with rising atmospheric water stress", "description": "Evidence exists that tree mortality is accelerating in some regions of the tropics1,2, with profound consequences for the future of the tropical carbon sink and the global anthropogenic carbon budget left to limit peak global warming below 2\u2009\u00b0C. However, the mechanisms that may be driving such mortality changes and whether particular species are especially vulnerable remain unclear3-8. Here we analyse a 49-year record of tree dynamics from 24 old-growth forest plots encompassing a broad climatic gradient across the Australian moist tropics and find that annual tree mortality risk has, on average, doubled across all plots and species over the last 35\u00a0years, indicating a potential halving in life expectancy and carbon residence time. Associated losses in biomass were not offset by gains from growth and recruitment. Plots in less moist local climates presented higher average mortality risk, but local mean climate did not predict the pace of temporal increase in mortality risk. Species varied in the trajectories of their mortality risk, with the highest average risk found nearer to the upper end of the atmospheric vapour pressure deficit niches of species. A long-term increase in vapour pressure deficit was evident across the region, suggesting that thresholds involving atmospheric water stress, driven by global warming, may be a primary cause of increasing tree mortality in moist tropical forests.", "keywords": ["Risk", "0301 basic medicine", "Carbon Sequestration", "Time Factors", "[SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics", "Population dynamics", "Acclimatization", "[SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics", " Phylogenetics and taxonomy", "Global Warming", "History", " 21st Century", "333", "[SDV.BV.BOT] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics", "Trees", "03 medical and health sciences", "[SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", " environment/Ecosystems", "Stress", " Physiological", "[SDV.BID.SPT] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics", " Phylogenetics and taxonomy", "[SDV.EE.ECO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", " environment/Ecosystems", "Community ecology", "Biomass", "580", "Population Density", "Tropical Climate", "0303 health sciences", "Dehydration", "Atmosphere", "Climate-change ecology", "Australia", "Water", "Humidity", "Phylogenetics and taxonomy", "[SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics", "History", " 20th Century", "15. Life on land", "Tropical ecology", "Carbon", "[SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "13. Climate action", "[SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", "[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "Forest ecology", "environment/Ecosystems"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/187195/1/Bauman_et_al_ms_Nature_final_AAM.pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-022-04737-7.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-04737-7"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Nature", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1038/s41586-022-04737-7", "name": "item", "description": "10.1038/s41586-022-04737-7", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1038/s41586-022-04737-7"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-05-18T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1038/s41598-019-50565-7", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-27T16:18:25Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-10-02", "title": "Tradeoffs in hyphal traits determine mycelium architecture in saprobic fungi", "description": "AbstractThe fungal mycelium represents the essence of the fungal lifestyle, and understanding how a mycelium is constructed is of fundamental importance in fungal biology and ecology. Previous studies have examined initial developmental patterns or focused on a few strains, often mutants of model species, and frequently grown under non-harmonized growth conditions; these factors currently collectively hamper systematic insights into rules of mycelium architecture. To address this, we here use a broader suite of fungi (31 species including members of the Ascomycota, Basidiomycota and Mucoromycota), all isolated from the same soil, and tested for ten architectural traits under standardized laboratory conditions. We find great variability in traits among the saprobic fungal species, and detect several clear tradeoffs in mycelial architecture, for example between internodal length and hyphal diameter. Within the constraints so identified, we document otherwise great versatility in mycelium architecture in this set of fungi, and there was no evidence of trait \uffe2\uff80\uff98syndromes\uffe2\uff80\uff99 as might be expected. Our results point to an important dimension of fungal properties with likely consequences for coexistence within local communities, as well as for functional complementarity (e.g. decomposition, soil aggregation).
", "keywords": ["580", "saprobic fungi", "0301 basic medicine", "0303 health sciences", "Basidiomycota", "Hyphae", "15. Life on land", "Adaptation", " Physiological", "Article", "03 medical and health sciences", "Ascomycota", "Biological Variation", " Population", "Mucor", "determine mycelium architecture"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-50565-7.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-50565-7"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Scientific%20Reports", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1038/s41598-019-50565-7", "name": "item", "description": "10.1038/s41598-019-50565-7", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1038/s41598-019-50565-7"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-10-02T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1038/srep19536", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:18:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-01-14", "title": "Soil Microbial Responses To Forest Floor Litter Manipulation And Nitrogen Addition In A Mixed-Wood Forest Of Northern China", "description": "AbstractChanges in litterfall dynamics and soil properties due to anthropogenic or natural perturbations have important implications to soil carbon (C) and nutrient cycling via microbial pathway. Here we determine soil microbial responses to contrasting types of litter inputs (leaf vs. fine woody litter) and nitrogen (N) deposition by conducting a multi-year litter manipulation and N addition experiment in a mixed-wood forest. We found significantly higher soil organic C, total N, microbial biomass C (MBC) and N (MBN), microbial activity (MR) and activities of four soil extracellular enzymes, including \uffce\uffb2-glucosidase (BG), N-acetyl-\uffce\uffb2-glucosaminidase (NAG), phenol oxidase (PO) and peroxidase (PER), as well as greater total bacteria biomass and relative abundance of gram-negative bacteria (G-) community, in top soils of plots with presence of leaf litter than of those without litter or with presence of only fine woody litter. No apparent additive or interactive effects of N addition were observed in this study. The occurrence of more labile leaf litter stimulated G-, which may facilitate microbial community growth and soil C stabilization as inferred by findings in literature. A continued treatment with contrasting types of litter inputs is likely to result in divergence in soil microbial community structure and function.
", "keywords": ["Biomass (ecology)", "China", "Biogeochemical Cycling of Nutrients in Aquatic Ecosystems", "Microbial population biology", "Nitrogen", "Soil Science", "Organic chemistry", "Forests", "Nitrogen cycle", "Article", "Plant litter", "Nutrient cycle", "Environmental science", "Microbial Ecology", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Soil", "Soil biology", "Litter", "Soil water", "Genetics", "Environmental Chemistry", "Biomass", "Forest floor", "Biology", "Soil Microbiology", "Ecosystem", "2. Zero hunger", "Ecology", "Bacteria", "Marine Microbial Diversity and Biogeography", "Life Sciences", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Wood", "Soil carbon", "Carbon", "Agronomy", "6. Clean water", "3. Good health", "Chemistry", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Environmental Science", "Physical Sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Soil Carbon Dynamics and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems", "Nutrient"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/srep19536"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Scientific%20Reports", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1038/srep19536", "name": "item", "description": "10.1038/srep19536", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1038/srep19536"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-01-14T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1073/pnas.2120426119", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-27T16:18:47Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-05-25", "title": "Financing conservation by valuing carbon services produced by wild animals", "description": "SignificanceThe involvement of financial markets is critical to deliver effective and long-lasting solutions to mitigate climate change and reverse biodiversity loss. However, financial markets have not invested in ecosystem services because these are often valued based on non-market prices, which deter investments. Based on existing carbon market prices, we value the carbon services produced by forest elephants and show that wild animals\uffe2\uff80\uff99 carbon services are valuable enough to attract investors. This framework would facilitate financing of conservation programs and local communities and broaden the portfolio of nature-based solutions to mitigate climate change.
", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "Conservation of Natural Resources", "0303 health sciences", "Climate Change", "Elephants", "1. No poverty", "Social Sciences", "Biodiversity", "Forests", "15. Life on land", "Carbon", "03 medical and health sciences", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "Animals", "Population Growth"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://pnas.org/doi/pdf/10.1073/pnas.2120426119"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2120426119"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Proceedings%20of%20the%20National%20Academy%20of%20Sciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1073/pnas.2120426119", "name": "item", "description": "10.1073/pnas.2120426119", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1073/pnas.2120426119"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-05-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2389.2010.01313.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:19:31Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-11-16", "title": "Earthworm-Induced N Mineralization In Fertilized Grassland Increases Both N2o Emission And Crop-N Uptake", "description": "Earthworms can increase plant nitrogen (N) availability by stimulating mineralization of organic matter. However, recent studies show that they can also cause elevated emission of the greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (N2O). It is unclear to what extent these two effects occur in fertilized grasslands, where earthworm densities are typically greatest. The aims of this study were therefore to (i) quantify the effects of earthworm activity on N uptake and N2O emissions in fertilized grasslands and (ii) link these effects to earthworm functional groups. In a 73\uffe2\uff80\uff90day factorial mesocosm experiment, combinations of Lumbricus rubellus (Lr, epigeic), Aporrectodea longa (Al, anecic) and Aporrectodea caliginosa (Ac, endogeic) individuals were introduced into columns with grass growing on a fertilized (250 kg N ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921) loamy soil. Introduction of Lr resulted in 50.8% (P < 0.001) larger N2O emissions and 5.4% (P = 0.032) larger grass biomass. Grass\uffe2\uff80\uff90N uptake increased from 172 to 188 kg N ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 in the presence of Lr (P < 0.001), from 176 to 183 kg N ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 in the presence of Ac (P = 0.001), and from 168 to 199 kg N ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 when all three earthworm species were present (P = 0.006). Lr increased soil NH4+\uffe2\uff80\uff90N concentrations (P = 0.010), further indicating enhanced mineralization of N caused by earthworm activity. We conclude that the previously observed beneficial effect of earthworm presence on plant\uffe2\uff80\uff90N availability has a negative side\uffe2\uff80\uff90effect: increased emissions of the mineralized N as N2O.
", "keywords": ["forests", "2. Zero hunger", "agroecosystems", "habitat", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "carbon-dioxide", "invasion", "populations", "fluxes", "soil-structure", "13. Climate action", "nitrous-oxide emission", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "organic-matter"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2389.2010.01313.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Soil%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2389.2010.01313.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2389.2010.01313.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2389.2010.01313.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-11-16T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1079/ber2004347", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:18:47Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-05-04", "title": "Abundance, Dispersion And Parasitism Of The Stem Borer Busseola Fusca (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) In Maize In The Humid Forest Zone Of Southern Cameroon", "description": "AbstractThis study was conducted in the humid forest zone of Cameroon, in 2002 and 2003. The main objective was to investigate the effects of intercropping on infestation levels and parasitism of the noctuid maize stem borer Busseola fusca Fuller. Two trials were planted per year, one during the long and one during the short rainy season. Maize monocrops were compared with maize/legume or maize/cassava intercrops in two spatial arrangements: maize on alternate hills or in alternate rows. Spatial analyses showed that the stemborer egg batches were regularly dispersed in the maize monocrop and aggregated in the intercrops, as indicated by b, the index of dispersion of Taylor's power law. Depending on the crop association and planting pattern, intercrops reduced the percentage of plants with stem borer eggs by 47.4\uffe2\uff80\uff9358.4% and egg densities by 41.2\uffe2\uff80\uff9354.5% compared to monocropped maize. Consequently, larval densities were 44.4\uffe2\uff80\uff9361.5% lower in intercrops compared to monocrops. Intercropping maize with non-host plants did not affect larval parasitism. Up to two-fold higher levels of egg parasitism by scelionid Telenomus spp. were recorded in inter- compared to monocrops during the short rainy seasons of 2002 and 2003. No differences were found among the mixed cropping treatments and parasitism was lower during the long compared to the short rainy seasons. It was proposed that differences in levels of parasitism were due to density dependence effects rather than the effect of the presence of non-host plants in the system.
", "keywords": ["Crops", " Agricultural", "Population Density", "2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "Tropical Climate", "Wasps", "Agriculture", "Moths", "15. Life on land", "Zea mays", "01 natural sciences", "Larva", "Linear Models", "Animals", "Cameroon", "Seasons", "Ovum"], "contacts": [{"organization": "A. Chabi-Olaye, Christian Nolte, Christian Borgemeister, Fritz Schulthess,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1079/ber2004347"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Bulletin%20of%20Entomological%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1079/ber2004347", "name": "item", "description": "10.1079/ber2004347", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1079/ber2004347"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1080/00438243.2021.1891963", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:18:52Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-03-23", "title": "European agricultural terraces and lynchets: from archaeological theory to heritage management", "description": "Terraces are highly productive, culturally distinctive socioecological systems. Although they form part of time/place-specific debates, terraces per se have been neglected - fields on slopes or landscape elements. We argue that this is due to mapping and dating problems, and lack of artefacts/ecofacts. However, new techniques can overcome some of these constraints, allowing us to re-engage with theoretical debates around agricultural intensification. Starting from neo-Broserupian propositions, we can engage with the sociopolitical and environmental aspects of terrace emergence, maintenance and abandonment. Non-reductionist avenues include identifying and dating different phases of development within single terrace systems, identifying a full crop-range, and other activities not generally associated with terraces (e.g. metallurgy). The proposition here is that terraces are a multi-facetted investment that includes both intensification and diversification and can occur under a range of social conditions but which constitutes a response to demographic pressure in the face to fluctuating environmental conditions.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "550", "11. Sustainability", "VDP::Humanities: 000::Archeology: 090", "0601 history and archaeology", "Articles", "06 humanities and the arts", "VDP::Humaniora: 000::Arkeologi: 090", "15. Life on land", "Agricultural intensification; agricultural sustainability; landscape change; population density; remote sensing; terrace classification"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/172476/1/European_agricultural_terraces_and_lynchets_from_archaeological_theory_to_heritage_management.pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.research.unipd.it/bitstream/11577/3390089/5/Brown%20et%20al.%20%282020%29.pdf"}, {"href": "https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/448979/1/European_agricultural_terraces_and_lynchets_from_archaeological_theory_to_heritage_management.pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/00438243.2021.1891963"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1080/00438243.2021.1891963"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/World%20Archaeology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1080/00438243.2021.1891963", "name": "item", "description": "10.1080/00438243.2021.1891963", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1080/00438243.2021.1891963"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-08-07T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/ecog.05478", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:19:21Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-05-07", "title": "Multi\u2010taxa colonisation along the foreland of a vanishing equatorial glacier", "description": "Retreating glaciers, icons of climate change, release new potential habitats for both aquatic and terrestrial organisms. High\uffe2\uff80\uff90elevation species are threatened by temperature increases and the upward migration of lowlands species. Improving our understanding of successional processes after glacier retreat becomes urgent, especially in the tropics, where glacier shrinkage is particularly fast. We examined the successional patterns of aquatic invertebrates, ground beetles, terrestrial plants, soil eukaryotes (algae, invertebrates, plants) in an equatorial glacier foreland (Carihuairazo, Ecuador). Based on both taxonomical identification and eDNA metabarcoding, we analysed the effects of both environmental conditions and age of deglacierization on community composition. Except for algae, diversity increased with time since deglacierization, especially among passive dispersers, suggesting that dispersal was a key driver structuring the glacier foreland succession. Spatial \uffce\uffb2\uffe2\uff80\uff90diversity was mainly attributed to nestedness for aquatic invertebrates, terrestrial plants and soil algae, likely linked to low environmental variability within the studied glacier foreland; and to turnover for soil invertebrates, suggesting competition exclusion at the oldest successional stage. Pioneer communities were dominated by species exhibiting flexible feeding strategies and high dispersal ability (mainly transported by wind), probably colonising from lower altitudes, or from the glacier in the case of algae. Overall, glacier foreland colonisation in the tropics exhibit common characteristics to higher latitudes. High\uffe2\uff80\uff90elevation species are nevertheless threatened, as the imminent extinction of many tropical glaciers will affect species associated to glacier\uffe2\uff80\uff90influenced habitats but also prevent cold\uffe2\uff80\uff90adapted and hygrophilous species from using these habitats as refuges in a warming world.
", "keywords": ["Colonization", "[SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics", "550", "Early succession", "glacier retreat", "Sociology", "[SDV.EE.ECO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", " environment/Ecosystems", "Environmental DNA Sequencing", "Glacier", "Ecology", "Geography", "early succession", "Life Sciences", "Phylogenetics and taxonomy", "Biodiversity", "[SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics", "Threatened species", "FOS: Sociology", "Multiple-taxa", "multiple-taxa", "Habitat", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "Physical Sciences", "environment/Ecosystems", "570", "Physical geography", "Population", "Global Diversity of Microbial Eukaryotes and Their Evolution", "[SDV.BV.BOT] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics", "Ecological succession", "Biochemistry", " Genetics and Molecular Biology", "Biological dispersal", "[SDV.BID.SPT] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics", " Phylogenetics and taxonomy", "equatorial glacier foreland", "Equatorial glacier foreland", "Glacier retreat", "Molecular Biology", "Biology", "Demography", "Marine Microbial Diversity and Biogeography", "Colonisation", "South America", "15. Life on land", "[SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "13. Climate action", "FOS: Biological sciences", "[SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", "Environmental Science", "[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "early succession; equatorial glacier foreland; glacier retreat; multiple-taxa", "Environmental DNA in Biodiversity Monitoring"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://air.unimi.it/bitstream/2434/851699/2/rosero%202021.pdf"}, {"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/ecog.05478"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/ecog.05478"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecography", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/ecog.05478", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/ecog.05478", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/ecog.05478"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-05-06T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1093/ismejo/wrae025", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:19:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-02-12", "title": "Stronger compensatory thermal adaptation of soil microbial respiration with higher substrate availability", "description": "AbstractOngoing global warming is expected to augment soil respiration by increasing the microbial activity, driving self-reinforcing feedback to climate change. However, the compensatory thermal adaptation of soil microorganisms and substrate depletion may weaken the effects of rising temperature on soil respiration. To test this hypothesis, we collected soils along a large-scale forest transect in eastern China spanning a natural temperature gradient, and we incubated the soils at different temperatures with or without substrate addition. We combined the exponential thermal response function and a data-driven model to study the interaction effect of thermal adaptation and substrate availability on microbial respiration and compared our results to those from two additional continental and global independent datasets. Modeled results suggested that the effect of thermal adaptation on microbial respiration was greater in areas with higher mean annual temperatures, which is consistent with the compensatory response to warming. In addition, the effect of thermal adaptation on microbial respiration was greater under substrate addition than under substrate depletion, which was also true for the independent datasets reanalyzed using our approach. Our results indicate that thermal adaptation in warmer regions could exert a more pronounced negative impact on microbial respiration when the substrate availability is abundant. These findings improve the body of knowledge on how substrate availability influences the soil microbial community\uffe2\uff80\uff93temperature interactions, which could improve estimates of projected soil carbon losses to the atmosphere through respiration.Climate oscillations in the Quaternary forced species to major latitudinal or altitudinal range shifts. It has been suggested that adaptation concomitant with range shifts plays key roles in species responses during climate oscillations, but the role of selection for local adaptation to climatic changes remains largely unexplored. Here, we investigated population structure, demographic history and signatures of climate-driven selection based on genome-wide polymorphism data of 141 Japanese Arabidopsis halleri individuals, with European ones as outgroups. Coalescent-based analyses suggested a genetic differentiation between Japanese subpopulations since the Last Glacial Period (LGP), which would have contributed to shaping the current pattern of population structure. Population demographic analysis revealed the population size fluctuations in the LGP, which were particularly prominent since the subpopulations started to diverge (\uffe2\uff88\uffbc50, 000 years ago). The ecological niche modeling predicted the geographic or distribution range shifts from southern coastal regions to northern coastal and mountainous areas, possibly in association with the population size fluctuations. Through genome-wide association analyses of bioclimatic variables and selection scans, we investigated whether climate-associated loci are enriched in the extreme tails of selection scans, and demonstrated the prevailing signatures of selection, particularly toward a warmer climate in southern subpopulations and a drier environment in northern subpopulations, which may have taken place during or after the LGP. Our study highlights the importance of integrating climate associations, selection scans and population demographic analyses for identifying genomic signatures of population-specific adaptation, which would also help us predict the evolutionary responses to future climate changes.It is a plausible hypothesis that parallel adaptation events to the same environmental challenge should result in genetic changes of similar or identical effects, depending on the underlying fitness landscapes. However, systematic testing of this is scarce. Here we examine this hypothesis in two closely related plant species,Arabidopsis halleriandArabidopsis arenosa, which co-occur at two calamine metalliferous (M) sites harbouring toxic levels of the heavy metals zinc and cadmium. We conduct individual genome resequencing alongside soil elemental analysis for 64 plants from eight populations on M and non-metalliferous (NM) soils, and identify genomic footprints of selection and local adaptation. Selective sweep and environmental association analyses indicate a modest degree of gene as well as functional network convergence, whereby the proximal molecular factors mediating this convergence mostly differ between site pairs and species. Notably, we observe repeated selection on identical single nucleotide polymorphisms in severalA. hallerigenes at two independently colonized M sites. Our data suggest that species-specific metal handling and other biological features could explain a low degree of convergence between species. The parallel establishment of plant populations on calamine M soils involves convergent evolution, which will probably be more pervasive across sites purposely chosen for maximal similarity in soil composition.
This article is part of the theme issue \uffe2\uff80\uff98Convergent evolution in the genomics era: new insights and directions\uffe2\uff80\uff99.
Biological invasions pose a serious threat to biodiversity and ecosystem functioning across ecosystems. Invasions by ecosystem engineers, in particular, have been shown to have dramatic effects in recipient ecosystems. For instance, invasion by earthworms, a below\uffe2\uff80\uff90ground invertebrate ecosystem engineer, in previously earthworm\uffe2\uff80\uff90free ecosystems alters the physico\uffe2\uff80\uff90chemical characteristics of the soil. Studies have shown that such alterations in the soil can have far\uffe2\uff80\uff90reaching impacts on soil organisms, which form a major portion of terrestrial biodiversity.
Here, we present the first quantitative synthesis of earthworm invasion effects on soil micro\uffe2\uff80\uff90organisms and soil invertebrates based on 430 observations from 30 independent studies.
Our meta\uffe2\uff80\uff90analysis shows a significant decline of the diversity and density of soil invertebrates in response to earthworm invasion with anecic and endogeic earthworms causing the strongest effects. Earthworm invasion effects on soil micro\uffe2\uff80\uff90organisms were context\uffe2\uff80\uff90dependent, such as depending on functional group richness of invasive earthworms and soil depth. Microbial biomass and diversity increased in mineral soil layers, with a weak negative effect in organic soil layers, indicating that the mixing of soil layers by earthworms (bioturbation) may homogenize microbial communities across soil layers.
Our meta\uffe2\uff80\uff90analysis provides a compelling evidence for negative effects of a common invasive below\uffe2\uff80\uff90ground ecosystem engineer on below\uffe2\uff80\uff90ground biodiversity of recipient ecosystems, which could potentially alter the ecosystem functions and services linked to soil biota.
", "keywords": ["Biodiversity change", "0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Soil invertebrates", "Population Dynamics", "Soil micro-organisms", "Biodiversity", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Invertebrates", "01 natural sciences", "Chemistry", "Soil", "Ecosystem engineer", "13. Climate action", "Animals", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Oligochaeta", "Introduced Species", "Biology", "Biological invasion", "Ecosystem", "Soil Microbiology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1365-2656.12746"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.12746"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Animal%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/1365-2656.12746", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/1365-2656.12746", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/1365-2656.12746"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-09-28T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/1755-0998.12949", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:19:19Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-09-29", "title": "Conditionally autoregressive models improve occupancy analyses of autocorrelated data: An example with environmental DNA", "description": "AbstractSite occupancy\uffe2\uff80\uff90detection models (SODMs) are statistical models widely used for biodiversity surveys where imperfect detection of species occurs. For instance, SODMs are increasingly used to analyse environmental DNA (eDNA) data, taking into account the occurrence of both false\uffe2\uff80\uff90positive and false\uffe2\uff80\uff90negative errors. However, species occurrence data are often characterized by spatial and temporal autocorrelation, which might challenge the use of standard SODMs. Here we reviewed the literature of eDNA biodiversity surveys and found that most of studies do not take into account spatial or temporal autocorrelation. We then demonstrated how the analysis of data with spatial or temporal autocorrelation can be improved by using a conditionally autoregressive SODM, and show its application to environmental DNA data. We tested the autoregressive model on both simulated and real data sets, including chronosequences with different degrees of autocorrelation, and a spatial data set on a virtual landscape. Analyses of simulated data showed that autoregressive SODMs perform better than traditional SODMs in the estimation of key parameters such as true\uffe2\uff80\uff90/false\uffe2\uff80\uff90positive rates and show a better discrimination capacity (e.g., higher true skill statistics). The usefulness of autoregressive SODMs was particularly high in data sets with strong autocorrelation. When applied to real eDNA data sets (eDNA from lake sediment cores and freshwater), autoregressive SODM provided more precise estimation of true\uffe2\uff80\uff90/false\uffe2\uff80\uff90positive rates, resulting in more reasonable inference of occupancy states. Our results suggest that analyses of occurrence data, such as many applications of eDNA, can be largely improved by applying conditionally autoregressive specifications to SODMs.
", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Genetics", " Population", "Spatio-Temporal Analysis", "330", "DNA", "[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "Biostatistics", "15. Life on land", "Biota", "01 natural sciences", "conditionally autoregressive model; sedimentary DNA; spatial autocorrelation; species occupancy-detection model; temporal autocorrelation; true skill statistics; Biostatistics; DNA; Spatio-Temporal Analysis; Biota; Genetics", " Population; Biotechnology; Ecology", " Evolution", " Behavior and Systematics; Genetics"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://air.unimi.it/bitstream/2434/635968/2/Chen_et_al-2019-Molecular_Ecology_Resources.pdf"}, {"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1755-0998.12949"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/1755-0998.12949"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Molecular%20Ecology%20Resources", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/1755-0998.12949", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/1755-0998.12949", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/1755-0998.12949"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/1758-2229.12049", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-07-27T16:19:19Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-03-14", "title": "Soil Phosphorus Depletion And Shifts In Plant Communities Change Bacterial Community Structure In A Long-Term Grassland Management Trial", "description": "SummaryAgricultural systems rely on healthy soils and their sustainability requires understanding the long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term impacts of agricultural practices on soils, including microbial communities. We examined the impact of 17 years of land management on soil bacterial communities in a New Zealand randomized\uffe2\uff80\uff90block pasture trial. Significant variation in bacterial community structure related to mowing and plant biomass removal, while nitrogen fertilizer had no effect. Changes in soil chemistry and legume abundance described 52% of the observed variation in the bacterial community structure. Legumes (Trifolium species) were absent in unmanaged plots but increased in abundance with management intensity; 11% of the variation in soil bacterial community structure was attributed to this shift in the plant community. Olsen P explained 10% of the observed heterogeneity, which is likely due to persistent biomass removal resulting in P limitation; Olsen P was significantly lower in plots with biomass removed (14\uffe2\uff80\uff89mg kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffe2\uff80\uff89\uffc2\uffb1\uffe2\uff80\uff891.3SE) compared with plots that were not mown, or where biomass was left after mowing (32\uffe2\uff80\uff89mg kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffe2\uff80\uff89\uffc2\uffb1\uffe2\uff80\uff891.6SE). Our results suggest that removal of plant biomass and associated phosphorus, as well as shifts in the plant community, have greater long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term impacts on soil bacterial community structure than application of nitrogen fertilizers.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0301 basic medicine", "0303 health sciences", "Bacteria", "Nitrogen", "Microbial Consortia", "Population Dynamics", "Agriculture", "Fabaceae", "Phosphorus", "15. Life on land", "Poaceae", "Soil", "03 medical and health sciences", "Biomass", "Fertilizers", "Ecosystem", "Soil Microbiology", "New Zealand"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/1758-2229.12049"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Microbiology%20Reports", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/1758-2229.12049", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/1758-2229.12049", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/1758-2229.12049"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-04-10T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/ejss.13090", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:19:22Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-01-22", "title": "Inconsistent effects of agricultural practices on soil fungal communities across 12 European long\u2010term experiments", "description": "AbstractCropping practices have a great potential to improve soil quality through changes in soil biota. Yet the effects of these soil\uffe2\uff80\uff90improving cropping systems on soil fungal communities are not well known. Here, we analysed soil fungal communities using standardized measurements in 12 long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term experiments and 20 agricultural treatments across Europe. We were interested in whether the same practices (i.e., tillage, fertilization, organic amendments and cover crops) applied across different sites have predictable and repeatable effects on soil fungal communities and guilds. The fungal communities were very variable across sites located in different soil types and climatic regions. The arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) were the fungal guild with most unique species in individual sites, whereas plant pathogenic fungi were most shared between the sites. The fungal communities responded to the cropping practices differently in different sites and only fertilization showed a consistent effect on AMF and plant pathogenic fungi, whereas the responses to tillage, cover crops and organic amendments were site, soil and crop\uffe2\uff80\uff90species specific. We further show that the crop yield is negatively affected by cropping practices aimed at improving soil health. Yet, we show that these practices have the potential to change the fungal communities and that change in plant pathogenic fungi and in AMF is linked to the yield. We further link the soil fungal community and guilds to soil abiotic characteristics and reveal that especially Mn, K, Mg and pH affect the composition of fungi across sites. In summary, we show that fungal communities vary considerably between sites and that there are no clear directional responses in fungi or fungal guilds across sites to soil\uffe2\uff80\uff90improving cropping systems, but that the responses vary based on soil abiotic conditions, crop type and climatic conditions.
Highlights
Soil fungi were analysed using standardized measurements in 12 long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term experiments and 20 agricultural treatments
Fungal communities responded to the cropping practices differently at different sites
Only reduced fertilization showed a consistent effect on AMF and plant pathogenic fungi, whereas the responses to tillage, cover crops and organic amendments were site specific.
Fungal community structure varied significantly between sites, crops and climate conditions; therefore, more cross\uffe2\uff80\uff90site studies are needed in order to manage beneficial soil fungi in agricultural systems.
", "keywords": ["soil‐", "DIVERSITY", "0607 Plant Biology", "0703 Crop and Pasture Production", "Soil Science", "ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI", "FERTILIZATION", "improving cropping systems", "soil fungi", "0503 Soil Sciences", "S Agriculture (General)", "CROPS", "METAANALYSIS", "TILLAGE", "2. Zero hunger", "Science & Technology", "long‐", "LAND-USE", "soil-improving cropping systems", "Agriculture", "Agronomy & Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "PERFORMANCE", "15. Life on land", "4106 Soil sciences", "long-term experiments", "organic amendments", "tillage", "term experiments", "POPULATIONS", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "BIODIVERSITY", "Life Sciences & Biomedicine"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/ejss.13090"}, {"href": "https://rau.repository.guildhe.ac.uk/id/eprint/16456/1/ejss.13090.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/ejss.13090"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Soil%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/ejss.13090", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/ejss.13090", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/ejss.13090"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-02-18T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/ele.12954", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:19:23Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-08-01", "title": "Opposing effects of floral visitors and soil conditions on the determinants of competitive outcomes maintain species diversity in heterogeneous landscapes", "description": "Theory argues that both soil conditions and aboveground trophic interactions are equally important for determining plant species diversity. However, it remains unexplored how they modify the niche differences that stabilise species coexistence and the average fitness differences driving competitive dominance. We conducted a field study in Mediterranean annual grasslands to parameterise population models of six competing plant species. Spatially explicit floral visitor assemblages and soil salinity variation were characterized for each species. Both floral visitors and soil salinity modified species population dynamics via direct changes in seed production and indirect changes in competitive responses. Although the magnitude and sign of these changes were species specific, floral visitors promoted coexistence at neighbourhood scales while soil salinity did so over larger scales by changing the superior competitor's identity. Our results show how below and aboveground interactions maintain diversity in heterogeneous landscapes through their opposing effects on the determinants of competitive outcomes.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Salinity", "Community assembly", "Pollinators", "Spatial structure", "Population Dynamics", "Plants", "15. Life on land", "Soil", "Multitrophic interactions", "Mutualism", "13. Climate action", "Fitness", "Niche", "Seeds", "Coexistence", "Demography"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/170423v1.full.pdf"}, {"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/ele.12954"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.12954"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecology%20Letters", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/ele.12954", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/ele.12954", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/ele.12954"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-07-31T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/gcb.14739", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-27T16:19:26Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-06-20", "title": "Continental\u2010scale determinants of population trends in European amphibians and reptiles", "description": "AbstractThe continuous decline of biodiversity is determined by the complex and joint effects of multiple environmental drivers. Still, a large part of past global change studies reporting and explaining biodiversity trends have focused on a single driver. Therefore, we are often unable to attribute biodiversity changes to different drivers, since a multivariable design is required to disentangle joint effects and interactions. In this work, we used a meta\uffe2\uff80\uff90regression within a Bayesian framework to analyze 843 time series of population abundance from 17 European amphibian and reptile species over the last 45\uffc2\uffa0years. We investigated the relative effects of climate change, alien species, habitat availability, and habitat change in driving trends of population abundance over time, and evaluated how the importance of these factors differs across species. A large number of populations (54%) declined, but differences between species were strong, with some species showing positive trends. Populations declined more often in areas with a high number of alien species, and in areas where climate change has caused loss of suitability. Habitat features showed small variation over the last 25\uffc2\uffa0years, with an average loss of suitable habitat of 0.1%/year per population. Still, a strong interaction between habitat availability and the richness of alien species indicated that the negative impact of alien species was particularly strong for populations living in landscapes with less suitable habitat. Furthermore, when excluding the two commonest species, habitat loss was the main correlate of negative population trends for the remaining species. By analyzing trends for multiple species across a broad spatial scale, we identify alien species, climate change, and habitat changes as the major drivers of European amphibian and reptile decline.
", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "570", "[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "Climate Change", "Reptiles", "Bayes Theorem", "Biodiversity", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Amphibians", "13. Climate action", "Animals", "14. Life underwater", "[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "alien species; climate change; demography; land-cover change; meta-analysis; population trends; species distribution models", "Ecosystem"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://air.unimi.it/bitstream/2434/652580/2/Falaschi_etal_pnlinefirst_2019.pdf"}, {"href": "https://air.unimi.it/bitstream/2434/652580/5/Falaschi_et_al-2019-Global_Change_Biology%20%281%29.pdf"}, {"href": "https://air.unimi.it/bitstream/2434/652580/7/Falaschi%20et%20al%202019%20Global%20Change%20Biology%20submitted.pdf"}, {"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.14739"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14739"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/gcb.14739", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/gcb.14739", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/gcb.14739"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-07-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2003.tb00297.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Restricted", "updated": "2026-07-27T16:19:42Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-08-05", "title": "Effects Of Organic Versus Conventional Arable Farming On Soil Structure And Organic Matter Dynamics In A Marine Loam In The Netherlands", "description": "Abstract. We compared the effects of conventional and organic arable farming on soil organic matter (SOM) content, soil structure, aggregate stability and C and N mineralization, which are considered important factors in defining sustainable land management. Within one soil series, three different farming systems were selected, including a conventional and an organic arable system and permanent pasture without tillage. The old pasture represents optimal conditions in terms of soil structure and organic matter inputs and is characterized by high earthworm activity. More than 70 years of different management has caused significant differences in soil properties. SOM content, mineralization, earthworm activity and water\uffe2\uff80\uff90stable aggregation decreased as a result of tillage and arable cropping when compared with pasture, but were significantly greater under organic farming than under conventional farming. Total SOM contents between 0 and 20 cm depth amounted to 15, 24 and 46 g kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921 for the conventional arable, organic arable and permanent pasture fields, respectively. Although less sensitive to slaking than the conventionally managed field, the soil under organic farming was susceptible to compaction when high pressures were exerted on the soil under wet conditions. The beneficial effects of organic farming are generally associated with soil biochemical properties, but soil physical aspects should also be considered. Depending on soil type and climate, organic farmers need to be careful not to destroy the soil structure, so that they can enjoy maximum advantage from their organic farming systems.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "aggregation", "netherlands", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "arable farming", "fertilizer", "loam soils", "populations", "6. Clean water", "land", "cultivation", "13. Climate action", "organic farming", "manure", "soil organic matter", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "compaction", "soil structure", "earthworm activity", "silt loam", "management"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2003.tb00297.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Use%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2003.tb00297.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2003.tb00297.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2003.tb00297.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2003-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1126/science.aal1727", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:19:53Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-05-26", "title": "Satellites reveal contrasting responses of regional climate to the widespread greening of Earth", "description": "Increasing terrestrial biomass has important impacts on the climate that affects it.
", "keywords": ["Population Density", "Satellite Imagery", "Multidisciplinary", "Time Factors", "Climate", "Climate Change", "Temperature", "Biophysical Phenomena; Climate Change; Population Density; Sunlight; Temperature; Time Factors; Climate; Models", " Theoretical; Plant Physiological Phenomena; Satellite Imagery", "Models", " Theoretical", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Biophysical Phenomena", "13. Climate action", "Sunlight", "European Commission", "Plant Physiological Phenomena", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aal1727"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1126/science.aal1727", "name": "item", "description": "10.1126/science.aal1727", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1126/science.aal1727"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-06-16T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1186/s13570-014-0018-1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-27T16:20:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-11-24", "title": "Control Of Bush Encroachment In Borana Zone Of Southern Ethiopia: Effects Of Different Control Techniques On Rangeland Vegetation And Tick Populations", "description": "Open AccessA study on effects of bush encroachment control techniques on rangeland productivity and tick population dynamics was conducted in Arero district of Borana zone, southern Ethiopia, for three consecutive years. The study targeted two main and dominant encroaching bush species in Borana rangeland, Acacia drepanolobium and Acacia mellifera, and their effects on some vegetation attributes and tick population dynamics. A hectare of rangeland encroached by these two acacia species was replicated/divided into three plots, and each plot was subdivided into five sub-plots to receive five treatments: cutting at 0.5 m above ground and pouring kerosene on stumps (T1), cutting at 0.5 m above ground and debarking the stumps down into the soil surface (T2), cutting at 0.5 m above ground alone (T3), cutting at 0.5 m above ground and dissecting the stumps (T4) and control (T5). Data on basal and litter covers, soil erosion and compaction, dead and re-sprouted encroaching tree/shrub species and nymph- and adult-stage tick populations were collected before and after treatment applications. The applied treatments significantly influenced (p < 0.05) basal cover, nymph- and adult-stage tick population and the two encroaching tree species. The results of this study showed that T3 and T2 were good in controlling A. drepanolobium in that order. T4 and T2 had a significant effect in controlling A. mellifera in their order. Controlling bush encroachment had also a positive effect in eradicating the tick population. The most dominant grass and non-grass species observed after the control actions were Cenchrus ciliaris, Chrysopogon aucheri, Abutilon hirtum, Pennisetum mezianum, Dyschoriste hildebrandtii, Zaleya pentandra and Eragrostis papposa. Therefore, controlling encroaching tree/shrub species had created a conducive grazing area with palatable herbaceous species for the livestock and unequivocally reduced tick population which play a role in reducing cattle milk production through closing off teats. The management of bush encroachment, if sustained, will contribute in stabilizing rangelands and help minimize the negative effects of feed and food crises in the future.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Population", "Lantana", "Management", " Monitoring", " Policy and Law", "01 natural sciences", "Basal area", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Rangeland Degradation", "Sociology", "Agroforestry Systems and Biodiversity Enhancement", "Rangeland Degradation and Pastoral Livelihoods", "Pathology", "Agroforestry", "Biology", "Demography", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Ecology", "Life Sciences", "Forestry", "Factors Affecting Sagebrush Ecosystems and Wildlife Conservation", "15. Life on land", "Agronomy", "6. Clean water", "FOS: Sociology", "Shrub", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Environmental Science", "Physical Sciences", "Medicine", "Rangeland", "Vegetation (pathology)", "Tick"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Bikila Negasa, Bedasa Eba, Samuel Tuffa, Barecha Bayissa, Jaldesa Doyo, N. Van Husen,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s13570-014-0018-1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Pastoralism", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1186/s13570-014-0018-1", "name": "item", "description": "10.1186/s13570-014-0018-1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1186/s13570-014-0018-1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-11-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1371/journal.pone.0038858", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:20:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-06-11", "title": "Decline In Topsoil Microbial Quotient, Fungal Abundance And C Utilization Efficiency Of Rice Paddies Under Heavy Metal Pollution Across South China", "description": "Open AccessLos suelos agr\u00edcolas han estado cada vez m\u00e1s sujetos a la contaminaci\u00f3n por metales pesados en todo el mundo. Sin embargo, los impactos en la estructura y actividad de la comunidad microbiana del suelo de los suelos de campo a\u00fan no se han caracterizado bien. En 2009 se recolectaron muestras de tierra vegetal de campos de arroz contaminados con metales pesados (PS) y sus campos de fondo (BGS) en cuatro sitios del sur de China. Los cambios con la contaminaci\u00f3n met\u00e1lica en relaci\u00f3n con el BGS en el tama\u00f1o y la estructura de la comunidad de los microorganismos del suelo se examinaron con m\u00faltiples ensayos microbiol\u00f3gicos de medici\u00f3n de carbono de biomasa (MBC) y nitr\u00f3geno (MBN), recuento en placa de colonias cultivables y an\u00e1lisis de \u00e1cidos grasos fosfol\u00edpidos (PLFA) junto con el perfil de electroforesis en gel de gradiente desnaturalizante (DGGE) del gen de ARNr 16S y ARNr 18S y ensayo de PCR en tiempo real. Adem\u00e1s, se llev\u00f3 a cabo una incubaci\u00f3n de laboratorio de 7 d\u00edas a una temperatura constante de 25 \u00b0C para realizar un seguimiento adicional de los cambios en la actividad metab\u00f3lica. Si bien la disminuci\u00f3n de la contaminaci\u00f3n por metales en MBC y MBN, as\u00ed como en el tama\u00f1o de la poblaci\u00f3n cultivable, el contenido total de PLFA y el n\u00famero de bandas DGGE de bacterias no se observaron de manera significativa y consistente, de hecho se observ\u00f3 una reducci\u00f3n significativa de la contaminaci\u00f3n por metales en el cociente microbiano, en el tama\u00f1o de la poblaci\u00f3n f\u00fangica cultivable y en la proporci\u00f3n de PLFA f\u00fangicos a bacterianos de manera consistente en todos los sitios en una medida que var\u00eda de 6% a 74%. Adem\u00e1s, se observ\u00f3 un aumento consistentemente significativo en el cociente metab\u00f3lico de hasta un 68% bajo contaminaci\u00f3n en todos los sitios. Estas observaciones apoyaron un cambio de la comunidad microbiana con disminuci\u00f3n en su abundancia, disminuci\u00f3n en la proporci\u00f3n de hongos y, por lo tanto, en la eficiencia de utilizaci\u00f3n de C bajo contaminaci\u00f3n en los suelos. Adem\u00e1s, las proporciones de cociente microbiano, de hongos a bacterias y qCO2 son mejores indicativas de los impactos de los metales pesados en la estructura y actividad de la comunidad microbiana. Los efectos potenciales de estos cambios en el ciclo del carbono y la producci\u00f3n de CO2 en los arrozales contaminados merecen m\u00e1s estudios de campo.", "keywords": ["Microbial population biology", "Colony Count", " Microbial", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Sociology", "Soil water", "Soil Pollutants", "Soil Microbiology", "2. Zero hunger", "Principal Component Analysis", "Temperature gradient gel electrophoresis", "Ecology", "Q", "Fatty Acids", "R", "Life Sciences", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Biota", "Pollution", "6. Clean water", "FOS: Sociology", "Chemistry", "Physical Sciences", "Environmental chemistry", "Medicine", "Research Article", "Environmental Monitoring", "16S ribosomal RNA", "China", "Microorganism", "Environmental Impact of Heavy Metal Contamination", "Nitrogen", "Science", "Population", "Soil Science", "Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction", "Environmental science", "Microbial Ecology", "12. Responsible consumption", "Metals", " Heavy", "Genetics", "Biology", "Demography", "Bacteria", "Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis", "Marine Microbial Diversity and Biogeography", "Oryza", "15. Life on land", "Topsoil", "Carbon", "Agronomy", "RNA", " Ribosomal", "13. Climate action", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Environmental Science", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Soil Carbon Dynamics and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0038858"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PLoS%20ONE", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1371/journal.pone.0038858", "name": "item", "description": "10.1371/journal.pone.0038858", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1371/journal.pone.0038858"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-06-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1371/journal.pone.0076447", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:20:13Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-09-26", "title": "The Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Community Response To Warming And Grazing Differs Between Soil And Roots On The Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau", "description": "Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi form symbiotic associations with most plant species in terrestrial ecosystems, and are affected by environmental variations. To reveal the impact of disturbance on an AM fungal community under future global warming, we examined the abundance and community composition of AM fungi in both soil and mixed roots in an alpine meadow on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, China. Warming and grazing had no significant effect on AM root colonization, spore density and extraradical hyphal density. A total of 65 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) of AM fungi were identified from soil and roots using molecular techniques. AM fungal OTU richness was higher in soil (54 OTUs) than in roots (34 OTUs), and some AM fungi that differed between soil and roots, showed significantly biased occurrence to warming or grazing. Warming and grazing did not significantly affect AM fungal OTU richness in soil, but warming with grazing significantly increased AM fungal OTU richness in roots compared to the grazing-only treatment. Non-metric multidimensional scaling analysis showed that the AM fungal community composition was significantly different between soil and roots, and was significantly affected by grazing in roots, whereas in soil it was significantly affected by warming and plant species richness. The results suggest that the AM fungal community responds differently to warming and grazing in soil compared with roots. This study provides insights into the role of AM fungi under global environmental change scenarios in alpine meadows of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Hot Temperature", "Science", "Molecular Sequence Data", "Population Dynamics", "Global Warming", "Plant Roots", "Polymerase Chain Reaction", "01 natural sciences", "Species Specificity", "Mycorrhizae", "Herbivory", "Phylogeny", "Soil Microbiology", "2. Zero hunger", "Analysis of Variance", "Base Sequence", "Models", " Genetic", "Altitude", "Q", "R", "Bayes Theorem", "Sequence Analysis", " DNA", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Spores", " Fungal", "15. Life on land", "Biota", "Medicine", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Polymorphism", " Restriction Fragment Length", "Research Article"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0076447"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PLoS%20ONE", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1371/journal.pone.0076447", "name": "item", "description": "10.1371/journal.pone.0076447", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1371/journal.pone.0076447"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-09-26T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1371/journal.pone.0092985", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:20:13Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-03-25", "title": "Comparison Of Seasonal Soil Microbial Process In Snow-Covered Temperate Ecosystems Of Northern China", "description": "Open AccessMore than half of the earth's terrestrial surface currently experiences seasonal snow cover and soil frost. Winter compositional and functional investigations in soil microbial community are frequently conducted in alpine tundra and boreal forest ecosystems. However, little information on winter microbial biogeochemistry is known from seasonally snow-covered temperate ecosystems. As decomposer microbes may differ in their ability/strategy to efficiently use soil organic carbon (SOC) within different phases of the year, understanding seasonal microbial process will increase our knowledge of biogeochemical cycling from the aspect of decomposition rates and corresponding nutrient dynamics. In this study, we measured soil microbial biomass, community composition and potential SOC mineralization rates in winter and summer, from six temperate ecosystems in northern China. Our results showed a clear pattern of increased microbial biomass C to nitrogen (N) ratio in most winter soils. Concurrently, a shift in soil microbial community composition occurred with higher fungal to bacterial biomass ratio and gram negative (G-) to gram positive (G+) bacterial biomass ratio in winter than in summer. Furthermore, potential SOC mineralization rate was higher in winter than in summer. Our study demonstrated a distinct transition of microbial community structure and function from winter to summer in temperate snow-covered ecosystems. Microbial N immobilization in winter may not be the major contributor for plant growth in the following spring.", "keywords": ["Biomass (ecology)", "Atmospheric Science", "Microbial population biology", "Decomposer", "Nutrient cycle", "Physical Phenomena", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Soil", "Terrestrial ecosystem", "Snow", "Soil water", "Biomass", "Phospholipids", "Soil Microbiology", "Minerals", "Glucan 1", "4-beta-Glucosidase", "Ecology", "Geography", "Mineralization (soil science)", "Q", "R", "Life Sciences", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Biogeochemistry", "16. Peace & justice", "Earth and Planetary Sciences", "Physical Sciences", "Medicine", "Seasons", "Ecosystem Functioning", "Research Article", "China", "Nitrogen", "Science", "Soil Science", "Biogeochemical cycle", "Environmental science", "Meteorology", "Genetics", "Arctic Permafrost Dynamics and Climate Change", "Tundra", "Biology", "Ecosystem", "Soil science", "Bacteria", "Fungi", "Microbial Diversity in Antarctic Ecosystems", "15. Life on land", "Carbon", "Temperate climate", "13. Climate action", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Environmental Science", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Soil Carbon Dynamics and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Xinyue Zhang, Wei Wang, Weile Chen, Naili Zhang, Hui Zeng,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0092985"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PLoS%20ONE", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1371/journal.pone.0092985", "name": "item", "description": "10.1371/journal.pone.0092985", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1371/journal.pone.0092985"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-03-25T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Population&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Population&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "first", "title": "items (first)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Population&", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "next", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (next)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Population&offset=50", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 166, "numberReturned": 50, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-07-27T23:04:28.350773Z"}