Our objective was to test how a long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term increased water limitation affects structural and functional properties of a Mediterranean ecosystem, and how these changes modify the response of the main carbon fluxes to climatic controls. In 2003, a 27% throughfall exclusion experiment was installed in a Quercus ilex L. forest in France. Gross primary production (GPP), ecosystem respiration (RECO) and net ecosystem exchange (NEE) were estimated in a control and a dry treatment. Decreasing throughfall decreased GPP by 14% and had a smaller effect on RECO (\uffe2\uff88\uff9212%), especially soil respiration RS (\uffe2\uff88\uff9211%). Interannual variability of GPP (29%) was higher than for RECO (12%). Error propagation was used to estimates uncertainties in the NEE fluxes, which ranged from 3% to 10% in the control treatment but up to 167% for NEE in the dry treatment because more steps and data types were involved in the scaling. After 3 years of throughfall exclusion, we found no acclimation of RS to climatic drivers. Functional properties of the response of RS to soil water, temperature and rain pulse remained similar in the control and the dry treatments. A diurnal clockwise hysteresis in RS was probably controlled by canopy photosynthesis with a 3\uffe2\uff80\uff83h lag. The proportion of diurnal variation of respiration due to photosynthesis was similar in all treatments (4\uffe2\uff80\uff935%). Because of the characteristic of rain in Mediterranean climates, a continuous decrease of water input in these environments have an effect on topsoil water and consequently on RS only during short periods when rainfall is characterized by infrequent and small events that does not allow the topsoil to reach field capacity and does not allow to dry completely. However, in the longer term, we expect a stronger decrease in RS in the dry treatment driven by the decrease in GPP.
", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "550", "15. Life on land", "gross primary production", "soil respiration", "01 natural sciences", "630", "6. Clean water", "Quercus ilex", "throughfall exclusion", "13. Climate action", "rain pulse", "eddy-covariance", "Q(10)", "error propagation", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02121.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02121.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02121.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02121.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5061/dryad.gb5mkkwws", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:22:34Z", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2023-10-30", "title": "Biogeochemical cycles in holm oak dehesas", "description": "unspecified# Biogeochemical cycles in holm oak dehesas [https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.gb5mkkwws](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.gb5mkkwws) ## Description of the data and file structure This dataset contains data from 9 holm oak dehesas (n=162 trees) in which holm oak leaf biochemistry (photosynthetic performance index, chlorophylls, VAZ and total tocopherols), root functional parameters (fine root branching, fine root length and fine root diameter), soil functional genes (carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur cycling) and soil chemistry (mineral nitrogen, phosphate, potassium, organic carbon, organic nitrogen, organic phosphorus and pH) are related. The dataset includes: **Aboveground leaf parameters:** * Photosynthetic performance index (PiAbs), as a proxy of the photosynthetic energy conservation. * Chlorophylls (Chl a + b, \u03bcmol m-2), as a proxy of light harvesting regulation and plant acclimation. * Violaxanthin cycle pigment pool (VAZ, violaxanthin + zeaxanthin + antheraxanthin, mmol mol Chl-1), as proxy photoprotective compounds through thermal dissipation. * Total tocopherols (mmol mol Chl-1), as a proxy of antioxidant compounds. * Defoliation (%), as a proxy of crown transparency. * Crown health. Is the linear combination of the variables mentioned above. **Belowground root parameters:** * Fine root branching. * Fine root leghth (cm). Mean length of the fine roots. * Fine root diameter (cm). Mean diameter of the fine roots. **Soil chemical analyses** * Total organic carbon content (org. C), total organic nitrogen content (org. N) and total organic phosphorus content (org. P). These analyses were expressed as mg of organic C, N or P per 100 mg of soil (%). * Mineral N (ammonium+nitrate+nitrite) was expresed as ppm, \u03bcg per g. * Phosphate was expresed as ppm, \u03bcg per g. * Potassium was expresed as ppm, \u03bcg per g. * pH **Soil microbial functional genes** * Carbon hydrolysis genes (i.e., genes involved in starch, hemicellulose, cellulose, chitin, pectin and lignin degradation). abfA, manB, Xyl, cex, pgu, glx, lig, mnp, apu, iso-plu, ammiA, sga, chiA * Carbon fixation genes. aclB,accA, mcrA, pccA, korA, smtA, frdA, rbcL, acsB, acsA, acsE. * Methane oxidation. pmoA, mmoX, mxaF, pqq-mdh * Nitrogen cycling (i.e., genes involved in N fixation, nitrification, denitrification, ammonification, anaerobic ammonium oxidation, assimilatory and dissimilatory N reduction and organic N mineralization. nifH, amoA1, amoA2, amoB, ureC, gdhA, hao, nxrA, nirS, nirK, nosZ, hzsB. * Phosphorus cycling genes (i.e., mineralization, solubilization, biosynthesis and hydrolysis of phosphorus). gcd, pqqC, phoD, phoX, phnK, ppx, ppk. * Sulfur cycling genes. soxY, yedZ, dsrA, dsrB, apsA. These genes were expresed as the abundance, gene copy number relative to 16S. The primer pairs and the encoded enzymes of the analyzed soil microbial functional genes may be found in the electronic supplementary material published in Table S2 of the manuscript.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Quercus ilex", "defoliation", "13. Climate action", "Dehesa", "FOS: Agricultural sciences", "soil microbial communities", "14. Life underwater", "biogeochemical cycles", "15. Life on land", "soil functional genes"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Encinas-Valero, Manuel, Esteban, Raquel, Here\u015f, Ana-Mar\u00eda, Vivas, Mar\u00eda, Solla, Alejandro, Moreno, Gerardo, Corcobado, Tamara, Odriozolacrobiology, I\u00f1aki, Garbisu, Carlos, Epelde, Lur, Curiel Yuste, Jorge,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.gb5mkkwws"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5061/dryad.gb5mkkwws", "name": "item", "description": "10.5061/dryad.gb5mkkwws", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5061/dryad.gb5mkkwws"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-11-06T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5061/dryad.m528023", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:22:36Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Data from: Litter conversion into detritivore faeces reshuffles the quality control over C and N dynamics during decomposition", "description": "unspecifiedPhysical and chemical characteristicsThis data file contains physical and chemical characteristics of uningested leaf litter of seven tree species, and the characteristics of faecal pellets of pill millipedes (Glomeris marginata) feeding on the litter of each of these species separately. See Methods in the paper for measurement details, and the 'Metadata' sheet for variable description.Phys&Chem_characteristics.xlsxCarbon and Nitrogen dynamicsThis data file contains data used to compute the carbon and nitrogen losses of uningested leaf litter of seven tree species, and the C and N losses of faecal pellets of pill millipedes (Glomeris marginata) feeding on the litter of each of these species separately, after 100 days of incubation. See Methods in the paper for measurement details, and the 'Metadata' sheet for variable description.C&N_dynamics.xlsx", "keywords": ["Glomeris marginata", "Picea abies", "Castanea sativa", "Macroarthropod", "15. Life on land", "Acer pseudoplatanus", "Litter traits", "Soil fauna", "Faecal pellet", "Saprophagous invertebrate", "Ostrya carpinifolia", "13. Climate action", "Quercus ilex rotundifolia", "Quercus ilex ilex", "Anthropocene", "Nitrogen immobilization", "Litter transformer", "Quercus cerris"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Joly, Fran\u00e7ois-Xavier, Coq, Sylvain, Coulis, Mathieu, Nahmani, Johanne, Hattenschwiler, Stephan,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.m528023"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5061/dryad.m528023", "name": "item", "description": "10.5061/dryad.m528023", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5061/dryad.m528023"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-06-05T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Quercus+ilex&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Quercus+ilex&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "first", "title": "items (first)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Quercus+ilex&", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "last", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (last)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Quercus+ilex&offset=4", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 4, "numberReturned": 4, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-04-14T23:21:14.689105Z"}