{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1007/s13595-018-0690-1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:15:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-01-31", "title": "Thinning Affects Microbial Biomass Without Changing Enzyme Activity In The Soil Of Pinus Densiflora Sieb. Et Zucc. Forests After 7 Years", "description": "AbstractKey messageThinning increased microbial biomass but did not alter enzyme activities in the soil ofPinus densifloraSieb. et Zucc. forests in South Korea. This effect of thinning was larger under a relatively heavy thinning intensity, but there was divergence in the magnitude between sites.ContextThe balance between microbial biomass accumulation and enzymatic C and N assimilation determines the level of bio-available C and N. However, the effects of thinning on these parameters remain contradictory and unconfirmed.AimsThe effects of thinning intensity on microbial biomass and enzyme activity were assessed in the soil of Pinus densiflora Sieb. et Zucc. forests in South Korea.MethodsUn-thinned control and 15 and 30% basal area thinning treatments were applied to two 51- to 60-year-old P. densiflora forests with different management histories, topographies, rainfall amounts, and soils. Seven years after thinning, microbial biomass and activities of N-acetyl-glucosaminidase, \u03b2-glucosidase, cellobiohydrolase, \u03b2-xylosidase, phenol oxidase, and peroxidase were measured before and after seasonally concentrated rains and at 0\u201310\u00a0cm depth.ResultsMicrobial biomass was generally highest under the 30% basal area thinning and lowest under the control, and was positively correlated to total soil C and N. The increase in microbial biomass was lower at the site displaying sandier, drier, and more acidic soils and retaining smaller amounts of thinning residue. Conversely, thinning had no significant effect on activities of all enzymes at both sites in both periods.ConclusionThinning can promote accumulation of microbial biomass without significant change in enzyme activities participating in the assimilation of C and N. This effect of thinning tended to increase with thinning intensity but differed in magnitude between sites.", "keywords": ["[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]", "0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Forest management", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Soil microbes", "15. Life on land", "Enzyme assay", "01 natural sciences", "Korean red pine"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-018-0690-1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Annals%20of%20Forest%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s13595-018-0690-1", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s13595-018-0690-1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s13595-018-0690-1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-01-31T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s13595-016-0547-4", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-09-21T16:15:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-03-24", "title": "Effects Of Experimental Warming On Soil Respiration And Biomass In Quercus Variabilis Blume And Pinus Densiflora Sieb. Et Zucc. Seedlings", "description": "AbstractKey messageIn the open-field warming experiment using infrared heaters, 3\u00a0\u00b0C warming affected soil respiration more in the deciduousQuercus variabilisBlume plot than in the evergreenPinus densifloraSieb. et Zucc. plot, but did not affect the plant biomass in either species.ContextUnderstanding the species-specific responses of belowground carbon processes to warming is essential for the accurate prediction of forest carbon cycles in ecosystems affected by future climate change.AimsThis study aimed to investigate the effect of experimental warming on soil CO2 efflux, soil-air CO2 concentration, and plant biomass for two taxonomically different temperate tree species.MethodsExperimental warming was conducted in an open-field planted with Q. variabilis and P. densiflora seedlings. Infrared heaters increased the air temperature by 3\u00a0\u00b0C in the warmed plots compared with the air temperature in the control plots over a 2-year period.ResultsThe increase in air and soil temperature stimulated soil CO2 efflux by 29 and 22\u00a0% for the Q. variabilis and P. densiflora plots, respectively. Seasonal variation in the warming effect on soil CO2 efflux was species-specific. Soil CO2 efflux was also positively related to both soil temperature and soil water content. The soil moisture deficit decreased the difference in soil CO2 efflux between the control and warmed plots. Warming did not affect soil CO2 concentration and plant biomass in either species; however, the mean soil CO2 concentration was positively correlated with root and total biomass.ConclusionWarming increased soil CO2 efflux in both Q. variabilis and P. densiflora plots, while the increase showed remarkable seasonal variations and different magnitudes for the two species.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "soil temperature", "evergreen tree", "soil water", "Red pine", "seedling", "soil respiration", "01 natural sciences", "experimental study", "Pinus resinosa", "Climate change", "Pinus densiflora", "seasonal variation", "concentration (composition)", "Quercus variabilis", "Oriental oak", "carbon dioxide", "Soil respiration", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "air temperature", "carbon flux", "[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]", "climate change", "13. Climate action", "coniferous tree", "phytomass", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Experimental warming", "soil moisture", "deciduous tree"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-016-0547-4"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Annals%20of%20Forest%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s13595-016-0547-4", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s13595-016-0547-4", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s13595-016-0547-4"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-03-24T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Red+pine&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Red+pine&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "first", "title": "items (first)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Red+pine&", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "last", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (last)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Red+pine&offset=2", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 2, "numberReturned": 2, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-09-22T06:55:55.537541Z"}