{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1006/jare.1998.0475", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:14:18Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2002-10-07", "title": "Effects Of Livestock Grazing On Physical And Chemical Properties Of Sandy Soils In Sahelian Rangelands", "description": "The effects of grazing by livestock on soil surface features, bulk density and chemical properties were studied at the completion of a 4-year grazing experiment carried out in SadoreH, Niger. Grazing treatments were a factorial arrangement of two stocking rates (62\u00b75 and 125 kg live weight ha~1) and four sheep:goat ratios (0:6, 2:4, 4:2 and 6:0 animals per pasture), with two pastures per treatment and two ungrazed controls. Observations were also made in a fallow subjected to 9 years of intense and uncontrolled mixed grazing, and in a site that had been protected from grazing for 15 years. The topsoil was sampled (at depths of 0\u20132, 2\u20136, 6\u201314 and 14\u201330 cm) below shrub canopy in herbaceous vegetation and in bare soil patches within each of 20 paddocks for determination of pH, organic C, and total N and P concentrations. Soil bulk density was measured in a subset of soil profiles. The areal extent of different types of soil crusts and other soil surface features was assessed in one-half of the paddocks. Grazing resulted in a reduction (p(0\u00b701) and fragmentation of the area of crusted soils. However, this trend was partially compensated for by an increase of newly formed crusts. As a result, the soil infiltration index slightly increased with moderate grazing, but decreased at higher stocking rates. Compaction due to trampling was observed in the topsoil beneath the shrub canopy and also in vegetated patches, but only under intense grazing pressure. Soil bulk density was not affected by grazing except for an increase observed below 10 cm depth at the understorey of shrubs which is therefore unlikely due to trampling. When compared to the ungrazed control, pH, organic C and N concentrations, and to lesser extent P concentration, decreased after 4 years of grazing. Soil P and pH further decreased after 9 years of very high grazing pressure. However, neither N nor organic C decreased further.", "keywords": ["Technology", "570", "Economics", "PH", "630", "PROPRIETE CHIMIQUE", "AZOTE", "sandy soils", "grazing", "2. Zero hunger", "DENSITE", "SURFACE DU SOL", "MATIERE ORGANIQUE", "PATURAGE", "PHOSPHORE", "Production", "ETUDE D'IMPACT", "Agriculture-Farming", "CYCLE D'ELEMENT", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "GRANULOMETRIE", "rangelands", "CARBONE ORGANIQUE", "livestock", "soil chemical properties", "BILAN HYDROLOGIQUE", "soil physical properties", "ETUDE EXPERIMENTALE", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "soil types", "CROUTE D'ALTERATION"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1006/jare.1998.0475"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Arid%20Environments", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1006/jare.1998.0475", "name": "item", "description": "10.1006/jare.1998.0475", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1006/jare.1998.0475"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1999-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2005.10.020", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:15:31Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-01-11", "title": "Soil Acidification Without Ph Drop Under Intensive Cropping Systems In Northeast Thailand", "description": "Light textured sandy soils occupy significant areas of Northeast Thailand and are characterized as being acidic to depth with a low inherent fertility. These soils form the basis of agricultural production systems on which significant numbers of people depend upon for livelihoods. The objectives of this study were to investigate soil acidification following the introduction of Stylosanthes in cropping systems of a tropical semi-arid region. Most soils in Northeast Thailand are sandy and acidic (pH 4.0 in CaCl2) with high rate of drainage. Soil acidification was studied over a 6-year period on plots that had been treated either with or without lime additions under different cropping patterns. In the initial first 3 years, a rotation of maize and cowpea was compared to a bare soil treatment where no vegetation was allowed to establish. During the following 3 years, a rotation of maize and Stylosanthes was compared to a continuous Stylosanthes hamata (stylo) treatment. Total soil acidification was calculated from measured pH changes and pH buffer capacity. Acidification due to root system activity was estimated from the above ground biomass production and its ash alkalinity. In the limed systems, soil pH decrease was well correlated with the ash alkalinity of the crop and its removal from the plot. Acidification was highest in the bare soil (6.3 kmol H+ ha(-1) year(-1)), due to leaching of applied N fertilizers. The cowpea-maize rotations did not increase significantly the rate of acid addition (7.6 kmol H+ ha(-1) year(-1)), since the crop residues were returned to the plot. The introduction of stylo in the cropping system resulted in a lower net acidification rate when it was cultivated in rotation with maize (1.3 kmol H+ ha(-1) year(-1)), due to the lower rate of leaching. In contrast, continuous cultivation of stylo triggered accelerated acidification (7.2 kmol H+ ha(-1) year(-1)), as a result of the large quantities of biomass with high ash alkalinity being removed from the plot. In the no-lime system, the pH of the soil profile remained stable at pH 4.0 regardless of the cropping system, even though the acidification rates were quite similar to those in the limed treatments. This would suggest that the soil was strongly buffered at pH 4.0. XRD patterns showed that kaolinite, the main clay mineral, was more disordered and less crystalline in the surface horizons than at depth. It is suggested that the dissolution of kaolinite is responsible for the buffering of soil pH at 4.0. From the dissolution equation of kaolinite, it is expected that the amount of aluminium in the topsoil would increase along with the release silica that would accelerate cementation processes between soil particles resulting in further degradation. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.", "keywords": ["550", "SANDY SOILS", "buffering capacity", "01 natural sciences", "630", "soil degradation", "acidification", "[SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", "sandy soils", "BUFFERING CAPACITY", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "kaolinite", "SOL SABLEUX", "cropping systems", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Stylosanthes", "KAOLINITE", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "[SDV.EE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", " environment", "ASH ALKALINITY", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "environment", "ash alkalinity", "STYLOSANTHES", "ACIDIFICATION"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2005.10.020"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2005.10.020", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2005.10.020", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2005.10.020"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.11.019", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:16:38Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-01-18", "title": "Soil Acidification And Carbon Storage In Fertilized Pastures Of Northeast Thailand", "description": "Abstract   Light textured soils are often characterized as acid to depth that results in low productivity levels. In an effort to address this constraint a four year study was undertaken that evaluated the productivity of Gamba grass (Andropogon gayanus) and Stylosanthes (Stylosanthes guianensis) (Stylo) to grow on these soils. In addition, Gamba grass treatments received either no nitrogen fertilizer (Gamba) or a total 287\u00a0kg N ha\u2212\u00a01 as either KNO3 (Gamba NO3) or (NH4)2SO4 (Gamba NH4). Average annual dry matter production levels for the Gamba, Gamba NO3 and Gamba NH4 were 11.9, 22.5, and 26.6\u00a0t ha\u2212\u00a01 whilst that of the Stylo treatment was 6.9\u00a0t ha\u2212\u00a01. However, the net annual acid addition rates associated with the export of biomass ranged from 5.1\u201313.3\u00a0kmol H+ ha\u2212\u00a01 yr\u2212\u00a01. Rapid acidification of the soil profile was observed to depths\u00a0>\u00a0110\u00a0cm in all treatments regardless of the tempering influence of nitrate based fertilizers. Soil organic carbon levels over the study period showed a 6 fold increase at >\u00a030\u00a0cm from the initial values, suggesting significant carbon sequestration. Whilst the study demonstrates the positive impact of a grass or legume ley in producing forage for livestock in a cut and carry system under rainfed conditions in Northeast Thailand, along with positive contributions to soil organic carbon sequestration, a precautionary approach should be adopted. Significant accelerated soil acidification has occurred to depths\u00a0>\u00a0110\u00a0cm that brings into question the sustainability of these systems on these soil types.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "carbon", "soil texture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "pastures", "6. Clean water", "acidification", "nitrogen fertilizers", "soil properties", "feeds", "stylosanthes guianensis", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "sandy soils", "andropogon gayanus"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Noble, A.D., Suzuki, S., Soda, Wannipa, Ruaysoongnern, Sawaeng, Berthelsen, S.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.11.019"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.11.019", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.11.019", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.11.019"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2004.08.025", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:17:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-12-15", "title": "Long-Term Effects Of Metal-Containing Farmyard Manure And Sewage Sludge On Soil Organic Matter In A Fluvisol", "description": "Abstract   Our aim was to establish the long-term effects of repeated applications after 20\u00a0y of organic amendments (farmyard manure at 10\u00a0t\u00a0ha \u22121 \u00a0y \u22121 , and urban sewage sludge at two different rates, 10\u00a0t\u00a0ha \u22121 \u00a0y \u22121  and 100\u00a0t\u00a0ha \u22121  every 2\u00a0y) on the quality of a sandy and poorly buffered soil (Fluvisol, pH 6). Chemical characteristics and biodegradability of the labile organic matter, which is mainly derived from microbial biomass and biodegradation products of organic residues, were chosen as indicators for soil quality. The organic C content had reached a maximal value (30.6\u00a0g\u00a0C\u00a0kg \u22121  in the 100\u00a0t sludge-treated soil), i.e. about 2.5 times that in the control. Six years after the last application, the organic C content and the microbial biomass content remained higher in sludge-treated soils than in the control. In contrast, the proportion of labile organic matter was significantly lower in sludge-treated soils than in manure-treated and control soils. The labile organic matter of sludge extracts appeared less humified than that of manure-treated and control soils.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Sandy soils", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "[SDV.SA.SDS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "15. Life on land", "630", "Soil quality", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "[SDV.EE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", " environment", "[SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry", "[SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", "[SDU.STU.GC] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry", "11. Sustainability", "Farmyard manure", "Zn", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Labile organic matter", "[SDV.SA.SDS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "Sewage sludge", "environment", "Cu", "Pb"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2004.08.025"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2004.08.025", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2004.08.025", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2004.08.025"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2005.02.018", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:17:28Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-03-11", "title": "Effect Of Tillage And Crop Rotations On Pore Size Distribution And Soil Hydraulic Conductivity In Sandy Clay Loam Soil Of The Indian Himalayas", "description": "Abstract   Tillage management can affect crop growth by altering the pore size distribution, pore geometry and hydraulic properties of soil. In the present communication, the effect of different tillage management viz., conventional tillage (CT), minimum tillage (MT) and zero-tillage (ZT) and different crop rotations viz. [(soybean\u2013wheat (S\u2013W), soybean\u2013lentil (S\u2013L) and soybean\u2013pea (S\u2013P)] on pore size distribution and soil hydraulic conductivities [saturated hydraulic conductivity ( K  sat ) and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity { k ( h )}] of a sandy clay loam soil was studied after 4 years prior to the experiment. Soil cores were collected after 4 year of the experiment at an interval of 75\u00a0mm up to 300\u00a0mm soil depth for measuring soil bulk density, soil water retention constant ( b ), pore size distribution,  K  sat  and  k ( h ). Nine pressure levels (from 2 to 1500\u00a0kPa) were used to calculate pore size distribution and  k ( h ). It was observed that b values at all the studied soil depths were higher under ZT than those observed under CT irrespective of the crop rotations. The values of soil bulk density observed under ZT were higher in 0\u201375\u00a0mm soil depth in all the crop rotations. But, among the crop rotations, soils under S\u2013P and S\u2013L rotations showed relatively lower bulk density values than S\u2013W rotation. Average values of the volume fraction of total porosity with pores  3 \u00a0m \u22123  under CT, MT and ZT; and 0.592, 0.610 and 0.626\u00a0m 3 \u00a0m \u22123  under S\u2013W, S\u2013L and S\u2013P, respectively. In contrast, the average values of the volume fraction of total porosity with pores >150\u00a0\u03bcm in diameter (pores draining freely with gravity) were 0.124, 0.096 and 0.095\u00a0m 3 \u00a0m \u22123  under CT, MT and ZT; and 0.110, 0.104 and 0.101\u00a0m 3 \u00a0m \u22123  under S\u2013W, S\u2013L and S\u2013P, respectively. Saturated hydraulic conductivity values in all the studied soil depths were significantly greater under ZT than those under CT (range from 300 to 344\u00a0mm\u00a0day \u22121 ). The observed  k ( h ) values at 0\u201375\u00a0mm soil depth under ZT were significantly higher than those computed under CT at all the suction levels, except at \u221210, \u2212100 and \u2212400\u00a0kPa suction. Among the crop rotations, S\u2013P rotation recorded significantly higher  k ( h ) values than those under S\u2013W and S\u2013L rotations up to \u221240\u00a0kPa suction. The interaction effects of tillage and crop rotations affecting the  k ( h ) values were found significant at all the soil water suctions. Both S\u2013L and S\u2013P rotations resulted in better soil water retention and transmission properties under ZT.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Tillage management", "Loamy sand", "Sandy soils", "550", "Soil hydraulic conductivity", "Soybean based cropping system", "India", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Pore size distribution", "15. Life on land", "Soil fertility", "630", "6. Clean water", "Crop rotation", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Conservation tillage"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2005.02.018"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2005.02.018", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2005.02.018", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2005.02.018"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2006.01.009", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:17:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-03-24", "title": "Carbon Sequestration And Relationship Between Carbon Addition And Storage Under Rainfed Soybean-Wheat Rotation In A Sandy Loam Soil Of The Indian Himalayas", "description": "Abstract   Soil organic matter (SOM) contributes to the productivity and physical properties of soils. Although crop productivity is sustained mainly through the application of organic manure in the Indian Himalayas, no information is available on the effects of long-term manure addition along with mineral fertilizers on C sequestration and the contribution of total C input towards soil organic C (SOC) storage. We analyzed results of a long-term experiment, initiated in 1973 on a sandy loam soil under rainfed conditions to determine the influence of different combinations of NPK fertilizer and fertilizer\u00a0+\u00a0farmyard manure (FYM) at 10\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha \u22121  on SOC content and its changes in the 0\u201345\u00a0cm soil depth. Concentration of SOC increased 40 and 70% in the NPK\u00a0+\u00a0FYM-treated plots as compared to NPK (43.1\u00a0Mg\u00a0C\u00a0ha \u22121 ) and unfertilized control plots (35.5\u00a0Mg\u00a0C\u00a0ha \u22121 ), respectively. Average annual contribution of C input from soybean ( Glycine max  (L.) Merr.) was 29% and that from wheat ( Triticum aestivum  L. Emend. Flori and Paol) was 24% of the harvestable above-ground biomass yield. Annual gross C input and annual rate of total SOC enrichment were 4852 and 900\u00a0kg\u00a0C\u00a0ha \u22121 , respectively, for the plots under NPK\u00a0+\u00a0FYM. It was estimated that 19% of the gross C input contributed towards the increase in SOC content. C loss from native SOM during 30 years averaged 61\u00a0kg\u00a0C\u00a0ha \u22121 \u00a0yr \u22121 . The estimated quantity of biomass C required to maintain equilibrium SOM content was 321\u00a0kg\u00a0ha \u22121 \u00a0yr \u22121 . The total annual C input by the soybean\u2013wheat rotation in the plots under unfertilized control was 890\u00a0kg\u00a0ha \u22121 \u00a0yr \u22121 . Thus, increase in SOC concentration under long-term (30 years) rainfed soybean\u2013wheat cropping was due to the fact that annual C input by the system was higher than the required amount to maintaining equilibrium SOM content.", "keywords": ["Rainfed cropping", "Carbon sequestration", "2. Zero hunger", "Loamy sand", "Sandy soils", "Soybean based cropping system", "India", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Soil fertility", "630", "Wheat", "Farmyard manure", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Sub-temperate Indian Himalayas"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2006.01.009"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2006.01.009", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2006.01.009", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2006.01.009"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2389.2005.00707.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:19:28Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-09-12", "title": "Long-Term Changes In Organic Matter Of Woodland Soils Cleared For Arable Cropping In Zimbabwe", "description": "Summary<p>Subsistence farmers in Africa depend largely on the soil organic matter to sustain crop productivity. Long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term changes in soil organic carbon and nitrogen were measured after woodland clearance for smallholder subsistence farming or for commercial farming. The contents of organic carbon and nitrogen in soil under reference woodlands were largest (53.3\uffe2\uff80\uff83t C ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921, 4.88\uffe2\uff80\uff83t N ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921) in a red clay soil (\uffe2\uff88\uffbc\uffe2\uff80\uff8350% clay + silt), followed by a granitic sand (\uffe2\uff88\uffbc\uffe2\uff80\uff8312% clay + silt; 22.8\uffe2\uff80\uff83t C ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921, 1.47\uffe2\uff80\uff83t N ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921) and least (19.5\uffe2\uff80\uff83t C ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921, 0.88\uffe2\uff80\uff83t N ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921) in a Kalahari sand (\uffe2\uff88\uffbc\uffe2\uff80\uff835% clay + silt). Organic carbon declined rapidly under cultivation to attain new equilibria within 10\uffe2\uff80\uff83years on all smallholdings. Greatest losses occurred in soils that initially contained most carbon and nitrogen in the order: red clay (22.4\uffe2\uff80\uff83t C ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 and 1.0\uffe2\uff80\uff83t N ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921) &gt; granitic sand (13.2\uffe2\uff80\uff83t C ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 and 0.8\uffe2\uff80\uff83t N ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921) &gt; Kalahari sand (10.6\uffe2\uff80\uff83t C ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 and 0.5\uffe2\uff80\uff83t N ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921). On the clay soil, commercial farming with intensive use of mineral fertilizers and incorporation of maize stover led to more gradual decline: at equilibrium, contents of carbon and nitrogen were 15\uffe2\uff80\uff83t C ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 and 1.7\uffe2\uff80\uff83t N ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 greater than on smallholdings with similar soil and climate.</p><p>In the Kalahari sand the \uffce\uffb413C of organic C remained constant after woodland clearance, and maize contributed less than 10% of the total C even after 55\uffe2\uff80\uff83years. The \uffce\uffb413C signature increased slightly with increasing duration of cultivation by smallholders in the granitic sands and red clay soil where maize contributed 29% and 35% of the C at equilibrium. Under more productive commercial farming, the carbon derived from maize accounted for 50% of the total after 10\uffe2\uff80\uff83years of cultivation and 67% at equilibrium. The persistence of woodland carbon in the sandy soil is attributed to chemical stabilization resulting from large concentrations of lignin and polyphenols in the tree litter, or as charcoal.</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "agroecosystems", "c-13 natural-abundance", "carbon dynamics", "spodosols", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "maize", "stabilization", "residues", "vegetation", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "sandy soils", "isotope"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Shamie Zingore, Ken E. Giller, Ken E. Giller, P. Nyamugafata, C. Manyame,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2389.2005.00707.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Soil%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2389.2005.00707.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2389.2005.00707.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2389.2005.00707.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-04-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.14214/sf.10134", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:20:18Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-04-26", "title": "Soil disturbance by cut-to-length machinery on mid-grained soils", "description": "<ja:p>Factors affecting soil disturbance caused by harvester and forwarder were studied on mid-grained soils in Finland. Sample plots were harvested using a one-grip harvester. The harvester operator processed the trees outside the strip roads, and the remaining residues were removed to exclude the covering effect of residues. Thereafter, a loaded forwarder made up to 5 passes over the sample plots. The average rut depth after four machine passes was positively correlated to the volumetric water content at a depth of 0\u00e2\u0080\u009310 cm in mineral soil, as well as the thickness of the organic layer and the harvester rut depth, and negatively correlated with penetration resistance at depths of both 0\u00e2\u0080\u009320 cm and 5\u00e2\u0080\u009340 cm. We present 5 models to predict forwarder rut depth. Four include the cumulative mass driven over a measurement point and combinations of penetration resistance, water content and the depth of organic layer. The fifth model includes harvester rut depth and the cumulative overpassed mass and provided the best fit. Changes in the penetration resistance (PR) were highest at depths of 20\u00e2\u0080\u009340 cm. Increase in BD and VWC decreased PR, which increased with total overdriven mass. After four to five machine passes PR values started to stabilize.</ja:p>", "keywords": ["silty soil", "ta1171", "silty soils", "rut formation", "Forestry", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "SD1-669.5", "15. Life on land", "ta4112", "soil compaction", "harvesting damage", "sandy soil", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "sandy soils"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Sir\u00e9n, Matti, Ala-Ilom\u00e4ki, Jari, Lindeman, Harri, Uusitalo, Jori, Kiilo, Kalle E.K., Salmivaara, Aura, Ryyn\u00e4nen, Ari,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.14214/sf.10134"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Silva%20Fennica", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.14214/sf.10134", "name": "item", "description": "10.14214/sf.10134", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.14214/sf.10134"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "3f4edc8b-18ae-4da1-9ac3-7d6a8b6ca9be", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[-0.63, 42.55], [-0.63, 53.15], [18.14, 53.15], [18.14, 42.55], [-0.63, 42.55]]]}, "properties": {"rights": "Restrictions applied to assure the protection of privacy or intellectual property, and any special restrictions or limitations or warnings on using the resource or metadata. Reports, articles, papers, scientific and non - scientific works of any form, including tables, maps, or any other kind of output, in printed or electronic form, based in whole or in part on the data supplied, must contain an acknowledgement of the form: \"Data reused from the BonaRes Data Centre www.bonares.de. This data were created as part of the ZALF Datenerfassung's research activities.\" Although every care has been taken in preparing and testing the data, the ZALF Datenerfassung and the BonaRes Data Centre cannot guarantee that the data are correct; neither does the ZALF Datenerfassung and the BonaRes Data Centre accept any liability whatsoever for any error, missing data or omission in the data, or for any loss or damage arising from its use. 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Reports, articles, papers, scientific and non - scientific works of any form, including tables, maps, or any other kind of output, in printed or electronic form, based in whole or in part on the data supplied, must contain an acknowledgement of the form: \"Data reused from the BonaRes Data Centre www.bonares.de. This data were created as part of the ZALF Datenerfassung's research activities.\" Although every care has been taken in preparing and testing the data, the ZALF Datenerfassung and the BonaRes Data Centre cannot guarantee that the data are correct; neither does the ZALF Datenerfassung and the BonaRes Data Centre accept any liability whatsoever for any error, missing data or omission in the data, or for any loss or damage arising from its use. 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Reports, articles, papers, scientific and non - scientific works of any form, including tables, maps, or any other kind of output, in printed or electronic form, based in whole or in part on the data supplied, must contain an acknowledgement of the form: \"Data reused from the BonaRes Data Centre www.bonares.de. This data were created as part of the ZALF Datenerfassung's research activities.\" Although every care has been taken in preparing and testing the data, the ZALF Datenerfassung and the BonaRes Data Centre cannot guarantee that the data are correct; neither does the ZALF Datenerfassung and the BonaRes Data Centre accept any liability whatsoever for any error, missing data or omission in the data, or for any loss or damage arising from its use. The ZALF Datenerfassung and BonaRes Data Centre will not be responsible for any direct or indirect use which might be made of the data.", "updated": "2023-08-29", "type": "Service", "created": "2023-06-22", "language": "eng", "title": "WMS Service of the dataset 'Earthworm Biodiversity Data Lietzen I'", "description": "This AGIS Map Service includes spatial information used by datasets 'AGIS Map Service of the dataset 'Earthworm Biodiversity Data Lietzen I''", "keywords": ["infoMapAccessService", "Soil", "cation exchange capacity", "clay", "earthworms", "abundance", "biodiversity", "tillage", "soil properties", "sandy soils", "on-farm research", "Germany", "Brandenburg", "M\u00e4rkisch-Oderland", "Lietzen"], "contacts": [{"name": "ZALF", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research", "position": "Research Platform 'Data Analysis & Simulation' - Workgroup Research Data Management", "roles": ["publisher"], "phones": [{"value": "+49 33432 82 300"}], "emails": [{"value": "dataservice@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Eberswalder Strasse 84"], "city": "M\u00fcncheberg", "administrativeArea": "Brandenburg", "postalCode": "15374", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": {"url": null, "protocol": null, "protocol_url": "", "name": "https://ror.org/01ygyzs83", "name_url": "", "description": "ROR", "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": null}}]}, {"name": "Monika Joschko", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "majoschko@gmx.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": {"url": null, "protocol": null, "protocol_url": "", "name": "0000-0002-4160-1481", "name_url": "", "description": "ORCID", "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": null}}]}, {"name": "0000-0002-4160-1481", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "mschirrmann@atb-potsdam.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": {"url": null, "protocol": null, "protocol_url": "", "name": "0000-0002-3945-3539", "name_url": "", "description": "ORCID", "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": null}}]}, {"name": "Ehsan Sayad", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "ehsansayad@gmail.com"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": {"url": null, "protocol": null, "protocol_url": "", "name": "0000-0002-5086-5470", "name_url": "", "description": "ORCID", "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": null}}]}, {"name": "Dietmar Barkusky", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "dbarkusky@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": {"url": null, "protocol": null, "protocol_url": "", "name": "0000-0001-5241-8060", "name_url": "", "description": "ORCID", "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": null}}]}, {"name": "Monika Joschko", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research", "position": null, "roles": ["projectLeader"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "majoschko@gmx.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": {"url": null, "protocol": null, "protocol_url": "", "name": "0000-0002-4160-1481", "name_url": "", "description": "ORCID", "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": null}}]}, {"name": "Felix Gerlach", "organization": "Land- und Forstwirtschaft Komturei Lietzen GmbH + Co. 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Reports, articles, papers, scientific and non - scientific works of any form, including tables, maps, or any other kind of output, in printed or electronic form, based in whole or in part on the data supplied, must contain an acknowledgement of the form: \"Data reused from the BonaRes Data Centre www.bonares.de. This data were created as part of the ZALF Datenerfassung's research activities.\" Although every care has been taken in preparing and testing the data, the ZALF Datenerfassung and the BonaRes Data Centre cannot guarantee that the data are correct; neither does the ZALF Datenerfassung and the BonaRes Data Centre accept any liability whatsoever for any error, missing data or omission in the data, or for any loss or damage arising from its use. The ZALF Datenerfassung and BonaRes Data Centre will not be responsible for any direct or indirect use which might be made of the data.", "updated": "2023-06-16", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2023-04-20", "language": "eng", "title": "Soil heterogeneity in sandy soils of an afforestation area at M\u00fcncheberg, Brandenburg", "description": "The Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF) afforested in cooperation with the Au\u00dfenstelle der Bundesanstalt f\u00fcr Forstpflanzenz\u00fcchtung in Waldsieversdorf a formerly arable sandy soil at the ZALF experimental field site. Here we aimed to reflect on the spatial distribution of soil properties like the cation exchange capacity (CEC), pH and organic carbon (Corg) content within the area of the experimental field. The experimental field consists of two plots: one planted with birch (March 1995) and one planted with Larch (March 1997). At each plot samples from the layers of a soil profile were collected up to a depth of about 1m. Additionally at each plot topsoil samples were collected from 12 location along transects (see figure at the bottom) at 0 to 5, 5 to 10, 10 to 15, 15 to 20, 20 to 25 and 25 to 30 cm. All soil samples were air dried, sieved to pass 2mm, and analyzed for pH (DIN ISO 10390 (1997) in a 0.0l m CaCl2 solution with a CG 837-pH-electrode of SCHOTT), for the CEC (DIN 19684 (1977) using a ICP OES 138 of Jobin Yvon Ltd), and for Corg content (DIN ISO 10694 (1994)). These data were published in the diploma thesis of Jens W\u00fcnnenberg.", "formats": [{"name": "CSV"}], "keywords": ["Soil", "afforestation", "sandy soils", "cation exchange capacity", "soil organic carbon", "opendata", "Boden", "Germany", "Brandenburg", "M\u00e4rkisch-Oderland", "M\u00fcncheberg"], "contacts": [{"name": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research", "organization": "ZALF", "position": "Research Platform 'Data Analysis & Simulation' - Workgroup Research Data Management", "roles": ["publisher"], "phones": [{"value": "+49 33432 82 300"}], "emails": [{"value": "dataservice@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Eberswalder Strasse 84"], "city": "M\u00fcncheberg", "administrativeArea": "Brandenburg", "postalCode": "15374", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Ruth Ellerbrock", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "rellerbrock@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": {"url": null, "protocol": null, "protocol_url": "", "name": "0000-0003-2868-3360", "name_url": "", "description": "ORCID", "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": null}}]}, {"name": "Sylvia Koszinski", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "skoszinskiy@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": {"url": null, "protocol": null, "protocol_url": "", "name": "0000-0003-0870-7572", "name_url": "", "description": "ORCID", "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": null}}]}, {"name": "Horst Gerke", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "hgerke@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": {"url": null, "protocol": null, "protocol_url": "", "name": "0000-0002-6232-7688", "name_url": "", "description": "ORCID", "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": null}}]}, {"name": "Horst Gerke", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)", "position": null, "roles": ["projectLeader"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "hgerke@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": {"url": null, "protocol": null, "protocol_url": "", "name": "0000-0002-6232-7688", "name_url": "", "description": "ORCID", "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": null}}]}, {"name": "Jens W\u00fcnnenberg", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)", "position": null, "roles": ["dataCollector"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "rellerbrock@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "R. Rath", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)", "position": null, "roles": ["dataCollector"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "rellerbrock@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Marianne M\u00e4der", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)", "position": null, "roles": ["dataCollector"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "rellerbrock@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)", "roles": ["contributor"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://maps.bonares.de/mapapps/resources/apps/bonares/index.html?lang=en&mid=6cda96db-ffc2-4d00-9a30-50f2a2b08585", "rel": "information"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "6cda96db-ffc2-4d00-9a30-50f2a2b08585", "name": "item", "description": "6cda96db-ffc2-4d00-9a30-50f2a2b08585", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/6cda96db-ffc2-4d00-9a30-50f2a2b08585"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"interval": ["1997-05-13T00:00:00Z", "1997-05-26T00:00:00Z"]}}, {"id": "94e63417-46ad-4fa5-89f0-99452c165c57", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[-0.63, 42.55], [-0.63, 53.15], [18.14, 53.15], [18.14, 42.55], [-0.63, 42.55]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "farming"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Soil"}, {"id": "soil structure"}, {"id": "tillage"}, {"id": "sandy soils"}, {"id": "clay"}, {"id": "clay soils"}, {"id": "loess soils"}, {"id": "crop rotation"}], "scheme": "AGROVOC Multilingual agricultural thesaurus"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "opendata"}], "scheme": "Individual"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Boden"}], "scheme": "GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Europe"}], "scheme": "individual"}], "rights": "Restrictions applied to assure the protection of privacy or intellectual property, and any special restrictions or limitations or warnings on using the resource or metadata. Reports, articles, papers, scientific and non - scientific works of any form, including tables, maps, or any other kind of output, in printed or electronic form, based in whole or in part on the data supplied, must contain an acknowledgement of the form: \"Data reused from the BonaRes Data Centre www.bonares.de. This data were created as part of the ZALF Datenerfassung's research activities.\" Although every care has been taken in preparing and testing the data, the ZALF Datenerfassung and the BonaRes Data Centre cannot guarantee that the data are correct; neither does the ZALF Datenerfassung and the BonaRes Data Centre accept any liability whatsoever for any error, missing data or omission in the data, or for any loss or damage arising from its use. The ZALF Datenerfassung and BonaRes Data Centre will not be responsible for any direct or indirect use which might be made of the data.", "updated": "2023-11-08", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2023-09-06", "language": "eng", "title": "A soil structure atlas. Computed tomography of arable soils to assess soil structure.  - How can the farmer optimise the soil structure to withstand extreme weather conditions?", "description": "In the atlas, results of the ZALF project \"Innovative Analysis of Soil Structure and Soil Biota - Development of a Diagnostic Tool for the Farmer to Increase Soil Fertility\" (DIWELA) are presented. In the DIWELA project, 127 undisturbed soil samples were examined to determine the soil structure of differently managed soils from Brandenburg, Hesse and Poland, among others, using X-ray computed tomography.", "formats": [{"name": "CSV"}], "keywords": ["Soil", "soil structure", "tillage", "sandy soils", "clay", "clay soils", "loess soils", "crop rotation", "opendata", "Boden", "Europe"], "contacts": [{"name": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research", "organization": "ZALF", "position": "Research Platform 'Data Analysis & Simulation' - Workgroup Research Data Management", "roles": ["publisher"], "phones": [{"value": "+49 33432 82 300"}], "emails": [{"value": "dataservice@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Eberswalder Strasse 84"], "city": "M\u00fcncheberg", "administrativeArea": "Brandenburg", "postalCode": "15374", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Monika Joschko", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "mjoschko@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": {"url": null, "protocol": null, "protocol_url": "", "name": "0000-0002-4160-1481", "name_url": "", "description": "ORCID", "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": null}}]}, {"name": "Monika Joschko", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research", "position": null, "roles": ["projectLeader"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "mjoschko@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": {"url": null, "protocol": null, "protocol_url": "", "name": "0000-0002-4160-1481", "name_url": "", "description": "ORCID", "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": null}}]}, {"organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research", "roles": ["contributor"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://maps.bonares.de/mapapps/resources/apps/bonares/index.html?lang=en&mid=94e63417-46ad-4fa5-89f0-99452c165c57", "rel": "information"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "94e63417-46ad-4fa5-89f0-99452c165c57", "name": "item", "description": "94e63417-46ad-4fa5-89f0-99452c165c57", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/94e63417-46ad-4fa5-89f0-99452c165c57"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-11-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "179dfc81-d445-4984-b683-aa88f42efca5", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[14.35, 52.49], [14.35, 52.5], [14.36, 52.5], [14.36, 52.49], [14.35, 52.49]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "farming"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Soil"}, {"id": "cation exchange capacity"}, {"id": "clay"}, {"id": "earthworms"}, {"id": "abundance"}, {"id": "biodiversity"}, {"id": "tillage"}, {"id": "soil properties"}, {"id": "sandy soils"}, {"id": "on-farm research"}], "scheme": "AGROVOC Multilingual agricultural thesaurus"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "opendata"}, {"id": "diluvial soils"}, {"id": "reduced tillage"}, {"id": "conventional tillage"}], "scheme": "Individual"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Boden"}], "scheme": "GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0"}], "rights": "Restrictions applied to assure the protection of privacy or intellectual property, and any special restrictions or limitations or warnings on using the resource or metadata. Reports, articles, papers, scientific and non - scientific works of any form, including tables, maps, or any other kind of output, in printed or electronic form, based in whole or in part on the data supplied, must contain an acknowledgement of the form: \"Data reused from the BonaRes Data Centre www.bonares.de. This data were created as part of the ZALF Datenerfassung's research activities.\" Although every care has been taken in preparing and testing the data, the ZALF Datenerfassung and the BonaRes Data Centre cannot guarantee that the data are correct; neither does the ZALF Datenerfassung and the BonaRes Data Centre accept any liability whatsoever for any error, missing data or omission in the data, or for any loss or damage arising from its use. The ZALF Datenerfassung and BonaRes Data Centre will not be responsible for any direct or indirect use which might be made of the data.", "updated": "2023-08-29", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2023-06-22", "language": "eng", "title": "Earthworm Biodiversity Data Lietzen I", "description": "Earthworms (Lumbricidae) are prime indicators of soil fertility and soil health. Their abundance and diversity is affected by soil properties as well as management. In the On-Farm Tillage Experiment Lietzen, Landkreis M\u00e4rkisch-Oderland, since 1996, two different soil tillage practices, conventional inverting tillage, and reduced non-inverting tillage, are applied to two formerly conventionally tilled halves of a 73 ha field of the Komturei Lietzen. Under each treatment, 21 permanent plots were installed, allowing to analyse the response of different soils, induced by landscape position, to the tillage treatments. The data set describes the abundance and species composition of earthworms, assessed by means of handsorting, between 1997 and 2007 at all plots. In addition, selected soil properties (content clay, cation-exchange capacity) are reported. 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