Stable isotope labeling of agricultural polyesters enables demonstration of their microbial utilization in soils.
Increasing food demand coupled with climate change pose a great challenge to agricultural systems. In this review we summarize recent advances in our knowledge of how plants, together with their associated microbiota, shape rhizosphere processes. We address (molecular) mechanisms operating at the plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93microbe-soil interface and aim to link this knowledge with actual and potential avenues for intensifying agricultural systems, while at the same time reducing irrigation water, fertilizer inputs and pesticide use. Combining in-depth knowledge about above and belowground plant traits will not only significantly advance our mechanistic understanding of involved processes but also allow for more informed decisions regarding agricultural practices and plant breeding. Including belowground plant-soil-microbe interactions in our breeding efforts will help to select crops resilient to abiotic and biotic environmental stresses and ultimately enable us to produce sufficient food in a more sustainable agriculture in the upcoming decades. Stable isotope labeling of agricultural polyesters enables demonstration of their microbial utilization in soils.
Nitrification is a ubiquitous microbially mediated process in the environment and an essential process in engineered systems such as wastewater and drinking water treatment plants. However, nitrification also contributes to fertilizer loss from agricultural environments, increasing the eutrophication of downstream aquatic ecosystems, and produces the greenhouse gas nitrous oxide. As ammonia-oxidizing bacteria are the most dominant ammonia-oxidizing microbes in fertilized agricultural soils, understanding their responses to a variety of environmental conditions is essential for curbing the negative environmental effects of nitrification. Notably, oxygen limitation has been reported to significantly increase nitric oxide and nitrous oxide production during nitrification. Here, we investigate the physiology of the best-characterized ammonia-oxidizing bacterium, Nitrosomonas europaea , growing under oxygen-limited conditions.
", "keywords": ["OXIDIZING BACTERIUM", "0301 basic medicine", "nitrificatio", "Nitrosomonas europaea", "ammonia and oxygen limitation", "NITRIFICATION", "Microbiology", "CYTOCHROME-C", "03 medical and health sciences", "NITROUS-OXIDE PRODUCTION", "SDG 13 - Climate Action", "COMPLETE GENOME SEQUENCE", "ELECTRON-TRANSFER", "14. Life underwater", "SDG 2 \u2013 Kein Hunger", "SDG 2 - Zero Hunger", "Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria", "2. Zero hunger", "106022 Mikrobiologie", "chemostat", "0303 health sciences", "NITRIC-OXIDE", "N2O-PRODUCING PATHWAYS", "15. Life on land", "Ammonia and oxygen limitation", "Nitrification", "HYDROXYLAMINE OXIDOREDUCTASE", "nitrification", "QR1-502", "6. Clean water", "Chemostat", "13. Climate action", "SDG 13 \u2013 Ma\u00dfnahmen zum Klimaschutz", "ammonia-oxidizing bacteria", "106022 Microbiology", "Transcriptome", "transcriptome", "NO REDUCTASE-ACTIVITY", "COMPLETE NITRIFICATION", "Research Article"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/765727v1.full.pdf"}, {"href": "https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/mSystems.00562-19"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1128/msystems.00562-19"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/mSystems", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1128/msystems.00562-19", "name": "item", "description": "10.1128/msystems.00562-19", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1128/msystems.00562-19"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-09-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/egusphere-egu22-5811", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-25T16:26:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-03-27", "title": "Agricultural management affects active carbon and nitrogen mineralisation potential in soils", "description": "<p>Soil organic matter (SOM) is important for soil fertility and climate change mitigation. Agricultural management - including soil amendments - can improve soil fertility and contribute to climate change mitigation by stabilising carbon in soils. This calls for cost-effective parameters to assess&#160; the influence of management practices on SOM. The current study aimed at understanding how sensitive the parameters active/permanganate oxidisable carbon (AC) and nitrogen mineralisation potential (NMP) react to different agricultural management practices compared to total organic carbon (TOC) and total nitrogen (Nt). We aimed to gain a better understanding of SOM processes, mainly regarding depth distribution and seasonality of SOM dynamics using AC and NMP.</p><p>Data were obtained in five Austrian long-term field experiments (LTEs) testing four management practices: i) tillage, ii) compost application, iii) crop residue management, and iv) mineral fertilisation.</p><p>AC was specifically sensitive in detecting the effect of tillage treatment at different soil depths. NMP differentiated between all different tillage treatments in the top soil layer, it showed the temporal dynamics between the years in the compost LTE, and it was identified as an early detection property in the crop residue LTE. Both AC and NMP detected short-term fluctuations better than TOC and Nt over the course of two years in the crop residue LTE. Thus, we suggest that AC and NMP are two valuable soil biochemical parameters providing more detailed information on C and N dynamics regarding depth distribution and seasonal dynamics and react more sensitively to different agricultural management practices compared to TOC and Nt. They should be integrated in monitoring agricultural LTEs and in field analyses conducted by farmers. However, when evaluating results of long-term carbon storage, their sensitivity towards annual fluctuations should be taken into account.</p>
<p>Soil organic matter (SOM) is important for soil fertility and climate change mitigation. Agricultural management - including soil amendments - can improve soil fertility and contribute to climate change mitigation by stabilising carbon in soils. This calls for cost-effective parameters to assess&#160; the influence of management practices on SOM. The current study aimed at understanding how sensitive the parameters active/permanganate oxidisable carbon (AC) and nitrogen mineralisation potential (NMP) react to different agricultural management practices compared to total organic carbon (TOC) and total nitrogen (Nt). We aimed to gain a better understanding of SOM processes, mainly regarding depth distribution and seasonality of SOM dynamics using AC and NMP.</p><p>Data were obtained in five Austrian long-term field experiments (LTEs) testing four management practices: i) tillage, ii) compost application, iii) crop residue management, and iv) mineral fertilisation.</p><p>AC was specifically sensitive in detecting the effect of tillage treatment at different soil depths. NMP differentiated between all different tillage treatments in the top soil layer, it showed the temporal dynamics between the years in the compost LTE, and it was identified as an early detection property in the crop residue LTE. Both AC and NMP detected short-term fluctuations better than TOC and Nt over the course of two years in the crop residue LTE. Thus, we suggest that AC and NMP are two valuable soil biochemical parameters providing more detailed information on C and N dynamics regarding depth distribution and seasonal dynamics and react more sensitively to different agricultural management practices compared to TOC and Nt. They should be integrated in monitoring agricultural LTEs and in field analyses conducted by farmers. However, when evaluating results of long-term carbon storage, their sensitivity towards annual fluctuations should be taken into account.</p>
Nitrification is a ubiquitous microbially mediated process in the environment and an essential process in engineered systems such as wastewater and drinking water treatment plants. However, nitrification also contributes to fertilizer loss from agricultural environments, increasing the eutrophication of downstream aquatic ecosystems, and produces the greenhouse gas nitrous oxide. As ammonia-oxidizing bacteria are the most dominant ammonia-oxidizing microbes in fertilized agricultural soils, understanding their responses to a variety of environmental conditions is essential for curbing the negative environmental effects of nitrification. Notably, oxygen limitation has been reported to significantly increase nitric oxide and nitrous oxide production during nitrification. Here, we investigate the physiology of the best-characterized ammonia-oxidizing bacterium, Nitrosomonas europaea , growing under oxygen-limited conditions. Stable isotope labeling of agricultural polyesters enables demonstration of their microbial utilization in soils.
Increasing food demand coupled with climate change pose a great challenge to agricultural systems. In this review we summarize recent advances in our knowledge of how plants, together with their associated microbiota, shape rhizosphere processes. We address (molecular) mechanisms operating at the plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93microbe-soil interface and aim to link this knowledge with actual and potential avenues for intensifying agricultural systems, while at the same time reducing irrigation water, fertilizer inputs and pesticide use. Combining in-depth knowledge about above and belowground plant traits will not only significantly advance our mechanistic understanding of involved processes but also allow for more informed decisions regarding agricultural practices and plant breeding. Including belowground plant-soil-microbe interactions in our breeding efforts will help to select crops resilient to abiotic and biotic environmental stresses and ultimately enable us to produce sufficient food in a more sustainable agriculture in the upcoming decades.