With the large extent and great amount of soil carbon (C) storage, drylands play an important role in terrestrial C balance and feedbacks to climate change. Yet, how dryland soils respond to gradual and concomitant changes in multiple global change drivers [e.g., temperature (Ts), precipitation (Ppt), and atmospheric [CO2] (CO2)] has rarely been studied. We used a process\uffe2\uff80\uff90based ecosystem model patch arid land simulator to simulate dryland soil respiration (Rs) and C pool size (Cs) changes to abrupt vs. gradual and single vs. combined alterations in Ts, Ppt and CO2 at multiple treatment levels. Results showed that abrupt perturbations generally resulted in larger Rs and had longer differentiated impacts than did gradual perturbations. Rs was stimulated by increases in Ts, Ppt, and CO2 in a nonlinear fashion (e.g., parabolically or asymptotically) but suppressed by Ppt reduction. Warming mainly stimulated heterotrophic Rs (i.e., Rh) whereas Ppt and CO2 influenced autotrophic Rs (i.e., Ra). The combined effects of warming, Ppt, and CO2 were nonadditive of primary single\uffe2\uff80\uff90factor effects as a result of substantial interactions among these factors. Warming amplified the effects of both Ppt addition and CO2 elevation whereas Ppt addition and CO2 elevation counteracted with each other. Precipitation reduction either magnified or suppressed warming and CO2 effects, depending on the magnitude of factor's alteration and the components of Rs (Ra or Rh) being examined. Overall, Ppt had dominant influence on dryland Rs and Cs over Ts and CO2. Increasing Ppt individually or in combination with Ts and CO2 benefited soil C sequestration. We therefore suggested that global change experimental studies for dryland ecosystems should focus more on the effects of precipitation regime changes and the combined effects of Ppt with other global change factors (e.g., Ts, CO2, and N deposition).
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01857.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01857.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01857.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01857.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-08-04T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01894.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-02-17", "title": "Nitrogen Effects On Net Ecosystem Carbon Exchange In A Temperate Steppe", "description": "AbstractIt has widely been documented that nitrogen (N) enrichment stimulates plant growth and net primary production. However, there is still dispute on how N addition affects net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE), which represents the balance between ecosystem carbon (C) uptake and release. We conducted an experimental study to examine effects of N addition on NEE in a temperate steppe in northern China from 2005 to 2008. N was added at a rate of 10\uffe2\uff80\uff83g\uffe2\uff80\uff83N\uffe2\uff80\uff83m\uffe2\uff88\uff922\uffe2\uff80\uff83yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921 with NH4NO3 alone or in combination with phosphorous (P, 5\uffe2\uff80\uff83g\uffe2\uff80\uff83P2O5\uffe2\uff80\uff83m\uffe2\uff88\uff922\uffe2\uff80\uff83yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921) in both clipped and unclipped plots. Over the 4 years, N addition significantly stimulated growing\uffe2\uff80\uff90season NEE, on average, by 27%. Neither the main effects of P addition or clipping nor their interactions with N addition were statistically significant on NEE in any of the 4 years. However, the magnitude of N stimulation on NEE declined over time. N addition significantly increased NEE by 60% in 2005 and 21% in 2006, but its effect was not significant in 2007 and 2008. N\uffe2\uff80\uff90induced shift in species composition was primarily responsible for the declined N stimulation over time. The gradually increasing coverage of the upper canopy species (Stipa krylovii) and standing litter accumulation induced light limitation on the lower canopy species (Artemisia frigida). Thus, N\uffe2\uff80\uff90induced shifts in plant species composition strongly regulated the direct effects of N addition on C sequestration in the temperate steppe.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01894.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01894.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01894.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01894.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-12-02T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01811.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-11-04", "title": "Long-Lasting Effects On Nitrogen Cycling 12 Years After Treatments Cease Despite Minimal Long-Term Nitrogen Retention", "description": "AbstractAtmospheric deposition of biologically active nitrogen (N) has increased dramatically over the past 60 years, with far\uffe2\uff80\uff90reaching impacts on the structure and function of many ecosystems. Much research has examined the initial impacts of N enrichment; however, few studies have been multidecadal, and even fewer long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term studies have examined the longevity of N\uffe2\uff80\uff90induced impacts on N cycling after inputs cease. Here, we address this gap by reporting the state of key N pools and fluxes in a Minnesota grassland for plots that received N addition for 10 years and then none for 12 years, in comparison with plots that received annual N treatment for the entire 22 years. We found weak evidence for long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term N retention in plots that ceased receiving treatment; and in plots that continued to receive N over the 22\uffe2\uff80\uff90year period, retention that was high after 12 years (50\uffe2\uff80\uff93100% of inputs) was greatly reduced after 22 years (to 15%). In spite of this, net N mineralization rates remained elevated in plots that ceased receiving treatment 12 years prior, likely because N\uffe2\uff80\uff90rich litter maintained higher N\uffe2\uff80\uff90cycling rates. These results suggest (1) some systems do not retain much deposited N, with potentially large impacts on downstream habitats; (2) the previously reported high retention efficiencies for this and many other terrestrial ecosystems may be relatively short\uffe2\uff80\uff90lived as N sinks become saturated over time; and (3) the effects of even small amounts of retained N in N\uffe2\uff80\uff90limited environments may be particularly long\uffe2\uff80\uff90lasting. In total, these findings highlight the importance of long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term studies in evaluating the impacts of chronic N deposition to ecosystems, and urge additional research examining dynamics following N cessation to evaluate the reversibility of these impacts.
", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01811.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01811.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01811.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01811.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-06-05T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01879.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-02-07", "title": "Dependence Of Carbon Sequestration On The Differential Responses Of Ecosystem Photosynthesis And Respiration To Rain Pulses In A Semiarid Steppe", "description": "AbstractPrecipitation pulses play an important role in regulating ecosystem carbon exchange and balance of semiarid steppe ecosystems. It has been predicted that the frequency of extreme rain events will increase in the future, especially in the arid and semiarid regions. We hypothesize that large rain pulses favor carbon sequestration, while small ones cause more carbon release in the semiarid steppes. To understand the potential response in carbon sequestration capacity of semiarid steppes to the changes in rain pulse size, we conducted a manipulative experiment with five simulated rain pulse sizes (0, 5, 10, 25, and 75\uffe2\uff80\uff83mm) in Inner Mongolia steppe. Our results showed that both gross ecosystem productivity (GEP) and ecosystem respiration (Re) responded rapidly (within 24\uffe2\uff80\uff83h) to rain pulses and the initial response time was independent of pulse size. However, the time of peak GEP was 1\uffe2\uff80\uff933 days later than that of Re, which depended on pulse size. Larger pulses caused greater magnitude and longer duration of variations in GEP and Re. Differences in the response time of microbes and plants to wetting events constrained the response pattern of heterotrophic (Rh) and autotrophic (Ra) components of Re following a rain event. Rh contributed more to the increase of Re in the early stage of rain pulse response, while Ra played an more important role later, and determined the duration of pulse response, especially for large rain events of >10\uffe2\uff80\uff83mm. The distinct responses of ecosystem photosynthesis and respiration to increasing pulse sizes led to a threshold in rain pulse size between 10 and 25\uffe2\uff80\uff83mm, above which post wetting responses favored carbon sequestration. The disproportionate increase of the primary productivity of higher plants, compared with those in the activities of microbial decomposers to larger pulse events suggests that the carbon sequestration capacity of Inner Mongolia steppes will be sensitive to changes in precipitation size distribution rather than just precipitation amount.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Shiping Chen, G. Darrel Jenerette, Guanghui Lin, Jianhui Huang,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01879.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01879.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01879.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01879.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-09-04T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1439-037x.1993.tb01074.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-04-22", "title": "Population And Planting Pattern Effects On Intercropped Maize And Cowpea", "description": "AbstractField studies on the nature of competition and the effects of various planting patterns on maize/cowpea intercrop yields were conducted in Southwestern Nigeria. Relative Crowding Coefficient values indicated that maize dominated cowpea. The magnitude of competition between maize and cowpea is related to season and nitrogen fertilizer. Based on grain yields, maize and cowpea compete for N only when it was applied but tended to derive it from different sources in the absence of applied N.
Spatial arrangements designed to increase light reaching intercropped cowpea included alternate and double rows of cowpeas between maize rows. These did not, however, increase grain yields of cowpeas over those intercropped with maize in the same row.
", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "H. C. Ezumah, J. E. G. Ikeorgu,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-037x.1993.tb01074.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Agronomy%20and%20Crop%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1439-037x.1993.tb01074.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1439-037x.1993.tb01074.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1439-037x.1993.tb01074.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1993-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01930.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-03-26", "title": "Carbon accumulation in agricultural soils after afforestation: a meta-analysis", "description": "AbstractDeforestation usually results in significant losses of soil organic carbon (SOC). The rate and factors determining the recovery of this C pool with afforestation are still poorly understood. This paper provides a review of the influence of afforestation on SOC stocks based on a meta\uffe2\uff80\uff90analysis of 33 recent publications (totaling 120 sites and 189 observations), with the aim of determining the factors responsible for the restoration of SOC following afforestation. Based on a mixed linear model, the meta\uffe2\uff80\uff90analysis indicates that the main factors that contribute to restoring SOC stocks after afforestation are: previous land use, tree species planted, soil clay content, preplanting disturbance and, to a lesser extent, climatic zone. Specifically, this meta\uffe2\uff80\uff90analysis (1) indicates that the positive impact of afforestation on SOC stocks is more pronounced in cropland soils than in pastures or natural grasslands; (2) suggests that broadleaf tree species have a greater capacity to accumulate SOC than coniferous species; (3) underscores that afforestation using pine species does not result in a net loss of the whole soil\uffe2\uff80\uff90profile carbon stocks compared with initial values (agricultural soil) when the surface organic layer is included in the accounting; (4) demonstrates that clay\uffe2\uff80\uff90rich soils (> 33%) have a greater capacity to accumulate SOC than soils with a lower clay content (< 33%); (5) indicates that minimizing preplanting disturbances may increase the rate at which SOC stocks are replenished; and (6) suggests that afforestation carried out in the boreal climate zone results in small SOC losses compared with other climate zones, probably because trees grow more slowly under these conditions, although this does not rule out gains over time after the conversion. This study also highlights the importance of the methodological approach used when developing the sampling design, especially the inclusion of the organic layer in the accounting.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01930.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01930.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01930.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01930.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-12-02T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02196.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-02-05", "title": "Nitrogen Deposition, Vegetation Burning And Climate Warming Act Independently On Microbial Community Structure And Enzyme Activity Associated With Decomposing Litter In Low-Alpine Heath", "description": "AbstractLow\uffe2\uff80\uff90alpine heathlands are thought to be particularly sensitive to nitrogen (N) deposition, climate and land management change, yet little is known about how these factors regulate key belowground processes, like litter turnover, under field conditions. Here we use an in situ factorial field experiment to test the effects of increased atmospheric N deposition, climate manipulation and past vegetation burning, and their interactions, on litter decomposition and the activity and diversity of associated microorganisms. The use of litter from within (native) and outwith (standard) the experimental plots also enabled us to test whether decomposition and microbial functional diversity is driven primarily by soil conditions or litter chemistry. In general, extracellular enzyme activities of litter were driven by additions of simulated N deposition with phosphatase being the most responsive. We found that standard litter incubated in plots that had been burnt 8 years previously decomposed slower and lost less N and phosphorus than in unburnt plots. This material also had associated with it the greatest activity of glucosidase and the least diverse microbial community, as assessed by culture\uffe2\uff80\uff90independent methods. Although all treatments significantly affected microbial diversity, burning explained most of the variability, indicating a close coupling between plant and microbial communities in these treatments. A striking feature of all the data relating to both standard and native litter was an almost complete lack of interactive effects between the treatments. The lack of interactions between the treatments indicates that each perturbation might affect different mechanisms in the decomposition process (including the composition of associated microbial communities) and nutrient cycling.
", "keywords": ["climate change", "enzyme activities", "soil microorganisms", "soil bacteria", "13. Climate action", "microbial diversity", "soil fungi", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "carbon turnover", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02196.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02196.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02196.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02196.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-02-05T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02019.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-07-01", "title": "Increased Temperature And Precipitation Interact To Affect Root Production, Mortality, And Turnover In A Temperate Steppe: Implications For Ecosystem C Cycling", "description": "AbstractFine root production and turnover play important roles in regulating carbon (C) cycling in terrestrial ecosystems. In order to examine effects of climate change on root production and turnover, a field experiment with increased temperature and precipitation had been conducted in a semiarid temperate steppe in northern China since April 2005. Experimental warming decreased annual root production, mortality, and mean standing crop by 10.3%, 12.1%, 7.0%, respectively, while root turnover was not affected in 2006 and 2007 by the warming. Annual root production and turnover was 5.9% and 10.3% greater in the elevated than ambient precipitation plots. Changes in root production and mortality in response to increased temperature and precipitation could be largely attributed to the changes in gross ecosystem productivity (GEP) and belowground/aboveground C allocation. There were significant interactive effects of warming and increased precipitation on root productivity, mortality, and standing crop. Experimental warming had positive and negative effects on the three root variables (root production, mortality, standing crop) under ambient and increased precipitation, respectively. Increased precipitation stimulated and suppressed the three root variables in the unwarmed and warmed subplots, respectively. The positive dependence of soil respiration and ecosystem respiration upon root productivity and mortality highlights the important role of root dynamics in ecosystem C cycling. The nonadditive effects of increased temperature and precipitation on root productivity, mortality, and standing crop observed in this study are critical for model projections of climate\uffe2\uff80\uff93ecosystem feedbacks. These findings indicate that carbon allocation is a focal point for future research and that results from single factor experiments should be treated with caution because of factor interactions.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02019.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02019.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02019.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02019.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-02-22T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02026.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-07-17", "title": "Effect Of Warming And Grazing On Litter Mass Loss And Temperature Sensitivity Of Litter And Dung Mass Loss On The Tibetan Plateau", "description": "AbstractKnowledge about the role of litter and dung decomposition in nutrient cycling and response to climate change and grazing in alpine ecosystems is still rudimentary. We conducted two separate studies to assess the relative role of warming and grazing on litter mass loss and on the temperature sensitivity of litter and dung mass loss. Experiments were conducted for 1\uffe2\uff80\uff932 years under a controlled warming\uffe2\uff80\uff93grazing system and along an elevation gradient from 3200 to 3800\uffe2\uff80\uff83m. A free\uffe2\uff80\uff90air temperature enhancement system (FATE) using infrared heaters and grazing significantly increased soil temperatures (average 0.5\uffe2\uff80\uff931.6\uffe2\uff80\uff83\uffc2\uffb0C) from 0 to 40\uffe2\uff80\uff83cm depth, but neither warming nor grazing affected soil moisture except early in the growing seasons at 30\uffe2\uff80\uff83cm soil depth. Heaters caused greater soil warming at night\uffe2\uff80\uff90time compared with daytime, but grazing resulted in greater soil warming during daytime compared with night\uffe2\uff80\uff90time. Annual average values of the soil temperature at 5\uffe2\uff80\uff83cm were 3.2, 2.4 and 0.3\uffe2\uff80\uff83\uffc2\uffb0C at 3200, 3600 and 3800\uffe2\uff80\uff83m, respectively. Neither warming nor grazing caused changes of litter quality for the first year of the controlled warming\uffe2\uff80\uff93grazing experiment. The effects of warming and grazing on litter mass losses were additive, increasing litter mass losses by about 19.3% and 8.3%, respectively, for the 2\uffe2\uff80\uff90year decomposition periods. The temperature sensitivity of litter mass losses was approximately 11%\uffe2\uff80\uff83\uffe2\uff80\uff83\uffc2\uffb0C\uffe2\uff88\uff921 based on the controlled warming\uffe2\uff80\uff93grazing experiment. The annual cumulative litter mass loss was approximately 2.5 times that of dung along the elevation gradient. However, the temperature sensitivity (about 18%\uffe2\uff80\uff83\uffe2\uff80\uff83\uffc2\uffb0C\uffe2\uff88\uff921) of the dung mass loss was about three times that of the litter mass loss. These results suggest greater warming at night\uffe2\uff80\uff90time compared with daytime may accelerate litter mass loss, and grazing will enhance carbon loss to atmosphere in the region through a decrease of litter biomass and an increase of dung production with an increase of stocking rate in future warmer conditions.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02026.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02026.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02026.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02026.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-04-14T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02338.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-09-28", "title": "Soil-Nutrient Availability Under A Global-Change Scenario In A Mediterranean Mountain Ecosystem", "description": "Changes in rainfall availability will alter soil-nutrient availability under a climate-change scenario. However, studies have usually analyzed the effect of either drier or wetter soil conditions, despite the fact that both possibilities will coexist in many climatic regions of the world. Furthermore, its effect may vary across the different habitats of the ecosystem. We experimentally investigated the effect of three contrasting climatic scenarios on different carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) fractions in soil and microbial compartments among three characteristic habitats in a Mediterranean-type ecosystem: forest, shrubland, and open areas. The climatic scenarios were dry summers, according to the 30% summer rainfall reduction projected in the Mediterranean; wet summer, simulating summer storms to reach the maximum historical records in the study area; and current climatic conditions (control). Sampling was replicated during two seasons (spring and summer) and 2 years. The climatic scenario did not affect the nutrient content in the litter layer. However, soil and microbial nutrients varied among seasons, habitats, and climatic scenarios. Soil-nutrient fractions increased with lower soil-moisture conditions (dry scenario and summer), whereas microbial nutrients increased under the wet summer scenario and spring. This pattern was consistent both studied years, although it was modulated by habitat, differences being lower with denser plant cover. Holm oak seedlings, used as live control of the experiment, tended to increase their N and P content (although not significantly) with water availability. Thus, the results support the idea that higher rainfall boosts microbial and plant-nutrient uptake, and hence nutrient cycling. By contrast, a rainfall reduction leads to an accumulation of nutrients in the soil, increasing the risk of nutrient loss by leaching or erosion. These results show that the projected climate change will have significant effects on nutrient cycles, and therefore will have important implications on the ecosystem functioning.", "keywords": ["microbial", "2. Zero hunger", "570", "550", "carbon", "drought", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "irrigation", "nitrogen", "6. Clean water", "climate change", "litter", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "phosphorus"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://dspace.stir.ac.uk/bitstream/1893/17230/1/2011_Matias_et_al._GCBSuppInf.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02338.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02338.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02338.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02338.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-11-02T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01988.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-05-28", "title": "The Dynamic Response Of Soil Respiration To Land-Use Changes In Subtropical China", "description": "AbstractAssessing the impact of land\uffe2\uff80\uff90use changes on soil respiration (RS) is of vital significance to understand the interactions between belowground metabolism and regional carbon budgets. In this study, the monthly in situ RS was examined between 09:00 and 12:00 hours over a 3\uffe2\uff80\uff90year period within a representative land\uffe2\uff80\uff90use sequence in the subtropical region of China. The land\uffe2\uff80\uff90use sequence contained natural forest (control treatment), secondary forest, two plantations, citrus orchard and sloping tillage land. Results showed that the RS exhibited a distinct seasonal pattern, and it was dominantly controlled by the soil temperature. After the land\uffe2\uff80\uff90use conversion, the apparent temperature sensitivity of RS (Q10) was increased from 2.10 in natural forest to 2.71 in sloping tillage land except for an abnormal decrease to 1.66 in citrus orchard. Contrarily, the annual RS was reduced by 32% following the conversion of natural forest to secondary forest, 46\uffe2\uff80\uff9348% to plantations, 63% to citrus orchard and 50% to sloping tillage land, with the average reduction of 48%. Such reduction of annual RS could be explained by the decrease of topsoil organic carbon and light\uffe2\uff80\uff90fraction organic carbon storages, live biomass of fine root (<2\uffe2\uff80\uff83mm) and annual litter input, which indirectly/directly correlated with plant productivity. Our results suggest that substrate availability (e.g., soil organic carbon and nutrients) and soil carbon input (e.g., fine root turnover and litterfall) through plant productivity may drive the RS both in natural and managed ecosystems following strong disturbance events.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Shuangquan Zou, Hao Sheng, Guangshui Chen, Jianfen Guo, Jinsheng Xie, Zhijie Yang, Yusheng Yang,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01988.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01988.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01988.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01988.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-01-31T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02006.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-06-22", "title": "Elevated Atmospheric Co2 Increases Microbial Growth Rates In Soil: Results Of Three Co2 Enrichment Experiments", "description": "AbstractIncreasing the belowground translocation of assimilated carbon by plants grown under elevated CO2 can cause a shift in the structure and activity of the microbial community responsible for the turnover of organic matter in soil. We investigated the long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term effect of elevated CO2 in the atmosphere on microbial biomass and specific growth rates in root\uffe2\uff80\uff90free and rhizosphere soil. The experiments were conducted under two free air carbon dioxide enrichment (FACE) systems: in Hohenheim and Braunschweig, as well as in the intensively managed forest mesocosm of the Biosphere 2 Laboratory (B2L) in Oracle, AZ. Specific microbial growth rates (\uffce\uffbc) were determined using the substrate\uffe2\uff80\uff90induced respiration response after glucose and/or yeast extract addition to the soil. For B2L and both FACE systems, up to 58% higher \uffce\uffbc were observed under elevated vs. ambient CO2, depending on site, plant species and N fertilization. The \uffce\uffbc\uffe2\uff80\uff90values increased linearly with atmospheric CO2 concentration at all three sites. The effect of elevated CO2 on rhizosphere microorganisms was plant dependent and increased for: Brassica napus=Triticum aestivum<Beta vulgaris<Populus deltoides. N deficiency affected microbial growth rates directly (N limitation) and indirectly (changing the quantity of fine roots). So, 50% decrease in N fertilization caused the overall increase or decrease of microbial growth rates depending on plant species. The \uffce\uffbc\uffe2\uff80\uff90value increase was lower for microorganisms growing on yeast extract then for those growing on glucose, i.e. the effect of elevated CO2 was smoothed on rich vs. simple substrate. So, the r/K strategies ratio can be better revealed by studying growth on simple (glucose) than on rich substrate mixtures (yeast extract). Our results clearly showed that the functional characteristics of the soil microbial community (i.e. specific growth rates) rather than total microbial biomass amount are sensitive to increased atmospheric CO2. We conclude that the more abundant available organics released by roots at elevated CO2 altered the ecological strategy of the soil microbial community specifically a shift to a higher contribution of fast\uffe2\uff80\uff90growing r\uffe2\uff80\uff90selected species was observed. These changes in functional structure of the soil microbial community may counterbalance higher C input into the soil under elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02006.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02006.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02006.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02006.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-01-04T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02020.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-07-07", "title": "Carbon Accumulation At Depth In Ferralsols Under Zero-Till Subtropical Agriculture", "description": "AbstractConservation agriculture can provide a low\uffe2\uff80\uff90cost competitive option to mitigate global warming with reduction or elimination of soil tillage and increase soil organic carbon (SOC). Most studies have evaluated the impact of zero till (ZT) only on surface soil layers (down to 30\uffe2\uff80\uff83cm), and few studies have been performed on the potential for C accumulation in deeper layers (0\uffe2\uff80\uff93100\uffe2\uff80\uff83cm) of tropical and subtropical soils. In order to determine whether the change from conventional tillage (CT) to ZT has induced a net gain in SOC, three long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term experiments (15\uffe2\uff80\uff9326 years) on free\uffe2\uff80\uff90draining Ferralsols in the subtropical region of South Brazil were sampled and the SOC stocks to 30 and 100\uffe2\uff80\uff83cm calculated on an equivalent soil mass basis. In rotations containing intercropped or cover\uffe2\uff80\uff90crop legumes, there were significant accumulations of SOC in ZT soils varying from 5 to 8\uffe2\uff80\uff83Mg\uffe2\uff80\uff83ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 in comparison with CT management, equivalent to annual soil C accumulation rates of between 0.04 and 0.88\uffe2\uff80\uff83Mg\uffe2\uff80\uff83ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921. However, the potential for soil C accumulation was considerably increased (varying from 0.48 to 1.53\uffe2\uff80\uff83Mg\uffe2\uff80\uff83ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffe2\uff80\uff83yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921) when considering the soil profile down to 100\uffe2\uff80\uff83cm depth. On average the estimate of soil C accumulation to 100\uffe2\uff80\uff83cm depth was 59% greater than that for soil C accumulated to 30\uffe2\uff80\uff83cm. These findings suggest that increasing sampling depth from 30\uffe2\uff80\uff83cm (as presently recommended by the IPCC) to 100\uffe2\uff80\uff83cm, may increase substantially the estimates of potential CO2 mitigation induced by the change from CT to ZT on the free\uffe2\uff80\uff90draining Ferralsols of the tropics and subtropics. It was evident that that legumes which contributed a net input of biologically fixed N played an important role in promoting soil C accumulation in these soils under ZT, perhaps due to a slow\uffe2\uff80\uff90release of N from decaying surface residues/roots which favored maize root growth.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02020.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02020.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02020.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02020.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-01-04T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02082.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-09-24", "title": "Turnover Of Labile And Recalcitrant Soil Carbon Differ In Response To Nitrate And Ammonium Deposition In An Ombrotrophic Peatland", "description": "AbstractThe effects of 4 years of simulated nitrogen deposition, as nitrate (NO3\uffe2\uff88\uff92) and ammonium (NH4+), on microbial carbon turnover were studied in an ombrotrophic peatland. We investigated the mineralization of simple forms of carbon using MicroResp\uffe2\uff84\uffa2 measurements (a multiple substrate induced respiration technique) and the activities of four soil enzymes involved in the decomposition of more complex forms of carbon or in nutrient acquisition: N\uffe2\uff80\uff90acetyl\uffe2\uff80\uff90glucosaminidase (NAG), cellobiohydrolase (CBH), acid phosphatase (AP), and phenol oxidase (PO). The potential mineralization of labile forms of carbon was significantly enhanced at the higher N additions, especially with NH4+ amendments, while potential enzyme activities involved in breakdown of more complex forms of carbon or nutrient acquisition decreased slightly (NAG and CBH) or remained unchanged (AP and PO) with N amendments. This study also showed the importance of distinguishing between NO3\uffe2\uff88\uff92 and NH4+ amendments, as their impact often differed. It is possible that the limited response on potential extracellular enzyme activity is due to other factors, such as limited exposure to the added N in the deeper soil or continued suboptimal functioning of the enzymes due to the low pH, possibly via the inhibitory effect of low phenol oxidase activity.
", "keywords": ["nitrogen deposition", "Whim bog", "substrate-induced respiration", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "peatland", "Soil Biology", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Biological Sciences", "carbon turnover", "15. Life on land", "Environmental Sciences", "enzyme activity"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02082.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02082.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02082.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02082.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02080.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-09-24", "title": "Altered Microbial Community Structure And Organic Matter Composition Under Elevated Co2 And N Fertilization In The Duke Forest", "description": "AbstractThe dynamics and fate of terrestrial organic matter (OM) under elevated atmospheric CO2and nitrogen (N) fertilization are important aspects of long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term carbon sequestration. Despite numerous studies, questions still remain as to whether the chemical composition of OM may alter with these environmental changes. In this study, we employed molecular\uffe2\uff80\uff90level methods to investigate the composition and degradation of various OM components in the forest floor (O horizon) and mineral soil (0\uffe2\uff80\uff9315\uffe2\uff80\uff83cm) from the Duke forest free air CO2enrichment (FACE) experiment. We measured microbial responses to elevated CO2and N fertilization in the mineral soil using phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) profiles. Increased fresh carbon inputs into the forest floor under elevated CO2were observed at the molecular\uffe2\uff80\uff90level by two degradation parameters of plant\uffe2\uff80\uff90derived steroids and cutin\uffe2\uff80\uff90derived compounds. The ratios of fungal to bacterial PLFAs and Gram\uffe2\uff80\uff90negative to Gram\uffe2\uff80\uff90positive bacterial PLFAs decreased in the mineral soil with N fertilization, indicating an altered soil microbial community composition. Moreover, the acid to aldehyde ratios of lignin\uffe2\uff80\uff90derived phenols increased with N fertilization, suggesting enhanced lignin degradation in the mineral soil.1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of soil humic substances revealed an enrichment of leaf\uffe2\uff80\uff90derived alkyl structures with both elevated CO2and N fertilization. We suggest that microbial decomposition of SOM constituents such as lignin and hydrolysable lipids was promoted under both elevated CO2and N fertilization, which led to the enrichment of plant\uffe2\uff80\uff90derived recalcitrant structures (such as alkyl carbon) in the soil.
", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02080.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02080.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02080.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02080.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02091.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-09-25", "title": "Differential Responses Of Auto- And Heterotrophic Soil Respiration To Water And Nitrogen Addition In A Semiarid Temperate Steppe", "description": "AbstractEvaluating how autotrophic (SRA), heterotrophic (SRH) and total soil respiration (SRTOT) respond differently to changes of environmental factors is critical to get an understanding of ecosystem carbon (C) cycling and its feedback processes to climate change. A field experiment was conducted to examine the responses of SRA and SRH to water and nitrogen (N) addition in a temperate steppe in northern China during two hydrologically contrasting growing seasons. Water addition stimulated SRA and SRH in both years, and their increases were significantly greater in a dry year (2007) than in a wet year (2006). N addition increased SRA in 2006 but not in 2007, while it decreased SRH in both years, leading to a positive response of SRTOT in 2006 but a negative one in 2007. The different responses of SRA and SRH indicate that it will be uncertain to predict soil C storage if SRTOT is used instead of SRH to estimate variations in soil C storage. Overall, N addition is likely to enhance soil C storage, while the impacts of water addition are determined by its relative effects on carbon input (plant growth) and SRH. Antecedent water conditions played an important role in controlling responses of SRA, SRH and the consequent SRTOT to water and N addition. Our findings highlight the predominance of hydrological conditions in regulating the responses of C cycling to global change in the semiarid temperate steppe of northern China.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Liming Yan, Shiping Chen, Guanghui Lin, Jianhui Huang,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02091.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02091.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02091.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02091.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02115.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-10-23", "title": "Winter Climate Change Implications For Decomposition In Northeastern Forests: Comparisons Of Sugar Maple Litter With Herbivore Fecal Inputs", "description": "AbstractForests in northeastern North America are influenced by varying climatic and biotic factors; however, there is concern that rapid changes in these factors may lead to important changes in ecosystem processes such as decomposition. Climate change (especially warming) is predicted to increase rates of decomposition in northern latitudes. Warming in winter may result in complex effects including decreased levels of snow cover and an increased incidence of soil freezing that will effect decomposition. Along with these changes in climate, moose densities have also been increasing in this region, likely affecting nutrient dynamics. We measured decomposition and N release from15N\uffe2\uff80\uff90labeled sugar maple leaf litter and moose feces over 20 months in reference and snow removal treatment (to induce soil freezing) plots in two separate experiments at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest in New Hampshire, USA. Snow removal/soil freezing decreased decomposition of maple litter, but stimulated N transfer to soil and microbial biomass. Feces decomposed more rapidly than maple litter, and feces N moved into the mineral soil more than N derived from litter, likely due to the lower C\uffe2\uff80\uff83:\uffe2\uff80\uff83N ratio of feces. Feces decomposition was not affected by the snow removal treatment. Total microbial biomass (measured as microbial N and C) was not significantly affected by the treatments in either the litter or feces plots. These results suggest that increases in soil freezing and/or large herbivore populations, increase the transfer rate of N from plant detritus or digested plants into the mineral soil. Such changes suggest that altering the spatial and temporal patterns of soil freezing and moose density have important implications for ecosystem N cycling.
", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02115.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02115.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02115.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02115.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02174.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-01-13", "title": "Effects Of Experimental Nitrogen Additions On Plant Diversity In An Old-Growth Tropical Forest", "description": "AbstractResponse of plant biodiversity to increased availability of nitrogen (N) has been investigated in temperate and boreal forests, which are typically N\uffe2\uff80\uff90limited, but little is known in tropical forests. We examined the effects of artificial N additions on plant diversity (species richness, density and cover) of the understory layer in an N saturated old\uffe2\uff80\uff90growth tropical forest in southern China to test the following hypothesis: N additions decrease plant diversity in N saturated tropical forests primarily from N\uffe2\uff80\uff90mediated changes in soil properties. Experimental additions of N were administered at the following levels from July 2003 to July 2008: no addition (Control); 50\uffe2\uff80\uff83kg\uffe2\uff80\uff83N\uffe2\uff80\uff83ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffe2\uff80\uff83yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921(Low\uffe2\uff80\uff90N); 100\uffe2\uff80\uff83kg\uffe2\uff80\uff83N\uffe2\uff80\uff83ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffe2\uff80\uff83yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921(Medium\uffe2\uff80\uff90N), and 150\uffe2\uff80\uff83kg\uffe2\uff80\uff83N\uffe2\uff80\uff83ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffe2\uff80\uff83yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921(High\uffe2\uff80\uff90N). Results showed that no understory species exhibited positive growth response to any level of N addition during the study period. Although low\uffe2\uff80\uff90to\uffe2\uff80\uff90medium levels of N addition (\uffe2\uff89\uffa4100\uffe2\uff80\uff83kg\uffe2\uff80\uff83N\uffe2\uff80\uff83ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffe2\uff80\uff83yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921) generally did not alter plant diversity through time, high levels of N addition significantly reduced species diversity. This decrease was most closely related to declines within tree seedling and fern functional groups, as well as to significant increases in soil acidity and Al mobility, and decreases in Ca availability and fine\uffe2\uff80\uff90root biomass. This mechanism for loss of biodiversity provides sharp contrast to competition\uffe2\uff80\uff90based mechanisms suggested in studies of understory communities in other forests. Our results suggest that high\uffe2\uff80\uff90N additions can decrease plant diversity in tropical forests, but that this response may vary with rate of N addition.
", "keywords": ["0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02174.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02174.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02174.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02174.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-08-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02285.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-07-06", "title": "Impact Of Rainfall Manipulations And Biotic Controls On Soil Respiration In Mediterranean And Desert Ecosystems Along An Aridity Gradient", "description": "AbstractSpatially heterogeneous ecosystems form a majority of land types in the vast drylands of the globe. To evaluate climate\uffe2\uff80\uff90change effects on CO2 fluxes in such ecosystems, it is critical to understand the relative responses of each ecosystem component (microsite). We investigated soil respiration (Rs) at four sites along an aridity gradient (90\uffe2\uff80\uff93780\uffe2\uff80\uff83mm mean annual precipitation, MAP) during almost 2 years. In addition, Rs was measured in rainfall manipulations plots at the two central sites where \uffe2\uff88\uffbc30% droughting and \uffe2\uff88\uffbc30% water supplementation treatments were used over 5 years. Annual Rs was higher by 23% under shrub canopies compared with herbaceous gaps between shrubs, but Rs at both microsites responded similarly to rainfall reduction. Decreasing precipitation and soil water content along the aridity gradient and across rainfall manipulations resulted in a progressive decline in Rs at both microsites, i.e. the drier the conditions, the larger was the effect of reduction in water availability on Rs. Annual Rs on the ecosystem scale decreased at a slope of 256/MAP\uffe2\uff80\uff83g\uffe2\uff80\uff83C\uffe2\uff80\uff83m\uffe2\uff88\uff922\uffe2\uff80\uff83yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffe2\uff80\uff83mm\uffe2\uff88\uff921 (r2=0.97). The reduction in Rs amounted to 77% along the aridity gradient and to 16% across rainfall manipulations. Soil organic carbon (SOC) decreased with declining precipitation, and variation in SOC stocks explained 77% of the variation in annual Rs across sites, rainfall manipulations and microsites. This study shows that rainfall manipulations over several years are a useful tool for experimentally predicting climate\uffe2\uff80\uff90change effects on CO2 fluxes for time scales (such as approximated by aridity gradients) that are beyond common research periods. Rainfall reduction decreases rates of Rs not only by lowering biological activity, but also by drastically reducing shrub cover. We postulate that future climate change in heterogeneous ecosystems, such as Mediterranean and deserts shrublands will have a major impact on Rs by feedbacks through changes in vegetation structure.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02285.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02285.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02285.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02285.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-01-04T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02234.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-04-14", "title": "Long-Term Warming And Litter Addition Affects Nitrogen Fixation In A Subarctic Heath", "description": "Nitrogen (N) availability is the main constraint on primary production in most Arctic ecosystems, with microbial fixation of atmospheric N as the primary source of N input. However, there are only few reports on N fixation rates in relation to climate change in the Arctic. In order to investigate the effects of anticipated global climate change on N fixation rates in a subarctic moist heath, a field experiment was carried out in Northern Sweden. Warming was induced by plastic tents, and in order to simulate the effects of future increased tree cover, birch litter was added each fall for 9 years before the measurements. We analyzed N fixation rates on both whole-ecosystem level and specifically on two moss species: Sphagnum warnstorfii and Hylocomium splendens. The whole-ecosystem N fixation of the warmed plots almost tripled compared with the control plots. However, in the Sphagnum and Hylocomium mosses we observed either no change or occasionally even a decrease in N fixation after warming. Both measured on whole-ecosystem level and on the two moss species separately, litter addition increased N fixation rates. The results suggest that warming will lead to a general increased ecosystem N input, but also that the N fixation associated to some moss species is likely to decrease. Hence, this study shows that the scale of measurements is crucial when investigating on ecosystem responses to manipulations.", "keywords": ["jord", "plants", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "planter", "01 natural sciences", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "Faculty of Science", "arctic", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "\u00f8kologi", "/dk/atira/pure/core/keywords/TheFacultyOfScience", "arktis", "ecology", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02234.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02234.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02234.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02234.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02296.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-07-23", "title": "Soil Carbon Storage Under Simulated Climate Change Is Mediated By Plant Functional Type", "description": "The stability of soil organic matter (SOM) pools exposed to elevated CO2 and warming has not been evaluated adequately in long-term experiments and represents a substantial source of uncertainty in predicting ecosystem feedbacks to climate change. We conducted a 6-year experiment combining free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE, 550ppm) and warming ( 121C) to evaluate changes in SOM accumulation in native Australian grassland. In this system, competitive interactions appear to favor C4 over C3 species under FACE and warming. We therefore investigated the role of plant functional type (FT) on biomass and SOM responses to the long-term treatments by carefully sampling soil under patches of C3- and C4-dominated vegetation. We used physical fractionation to quantify particulate organic matter (POM) and long-term incubation to assess potential decomposition rates. Aboveground production of C4 grasses increased in response to FACE, but total root biomass declined. Across treatments, C:N ratios were higher in leaves, roots and POM of C4 vegetation. CO2 and temperature treatments interacted with FT to influence SOM, and especially POM, such that soil carbon was increased by warming under C4 vegetation, but not in combination with elevated CO2. Potential decomposition rates increased in response to FACE and decreased with warming, possibly owing to treatment effects on soil moisture and microbial community composition. Decomposition was also inversely correlated with root N concentration, suggesting increased microbial demand for older, N-rich SOM in treatments with low root N inputs. This research suggests that C3\u2010C4 vegetation responses to future climate conditions will strongly influence SOM storage in temperate grasslands.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "XXXXXX - Unknown", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02296.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02296.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02296.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02296.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02303.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-07-27", "title": "Effects Of Experimental Warming Of Air, Soil And Permafrost On Carbon Balance In Alaskan Tundra", "keywords": ["0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02303.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02303.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02303.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02303.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02351.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-10-05", "title": "Reduced N Cycling In Response To Elevated Co2, Warming, And Drought In A Danish Heathland: Synthesizing Results Of The Climaite Project After Two Years Of Treatments", "description": "Field-scale experiments simulating realistic future climate scenarios are important tools for investigating the effects of current and future climate changes on ecosystem functioning and biogeochemical cycling. We exposed a semi-natural Danish heathland ecosystem to elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), warming, and extended summer drought in all combinations. Here, we report on the short-term responses of the nitrogen (N) cycle after two years of treatments. Elevated CO2 significantly affected above-ground stoichiometry by increasing the carbon to nitrogen (C/N) ratios in the leaves of both co-dominant species (Calluna vulgaris and Deschampsia flexuosa), as well as the C/N ratios of Calluna flowers and by reducing the N concentration of Deschampsia litter. Below-ground, elevated CO2 had only minor effects, whereas warming increased N turnover, as indicated by increased rates of microbial NH4+-N consumption, gross mineralization, potential nitrification, denitrification and N2O emissions. Drought reduced below-ground gross N mineralization and decreased fauna N mass and N mineralization. Leaching was unaffected by treatments but was significantly higher across all treatments in the second year than in the much drier first year indicating that ecosystem N loss is highly sensitive to changes and variability in amount and timing of precipitation. Interactions between treatments were common and although some synergistic effects were observed, antagonism dominated the interactive responses in treatment combinations, i.e. responses were smaller in combinations than in single treatments. Nonetheless, increased C/N ratios of photosynthetic tissue, decreased litter N production, and decreased fauna N mineralization prevailed in the full treatment combination indicating reduced N turnover in the simulated future climate scenario, which could act to reduce the potential growth response of plants to elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration. In conclusion, effects observed in single-factor studies should be evaluated with caution. Multi-factor climate experiments are needed for improving realistic estimation of the combined ecosystem responses to future climate changes.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02351.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02351.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02351.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02351.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-11-24T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02300.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-10-01", "title": "Drought-Resistant Fungi Control Soil Organic Matter Decomposition And Its Response To Temperature", "description": "Microbial-mediated decomposition of soil organic matter (SOM) ultimately makes a considerable contribution to soil respiration, which is typically the main source of CO2 arising from terrestrial ecosystems. Despite this central role in the decomposition of SOM, few studies have been conducted on how climate change may affect the soil microbial community and, furthermore, on how possible climate-change induced alterations in the ecology of microbial communities may affect soil CO2 emissions. Here we present the results of a seasonal study on soil microbial community structure, SOM decomposition and its temperature sensitivity in two representative Mediterranean ecosystems where precipitation/throughfall exclusion has taken place during the last 10 years. Bacterial and fungal diversity was estimated using the terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism technique. Our results show that fungal diversity was less sensitive to seasonal changes in moisture, temperature and plant activity than bacterial diversity. On the other hand, fungal communities showed the ability to dynamically adapt throughout the seasons. Fungi also coped better with the 10 years of precipitation/throughfall exclusion compared with bacteria. The high resistance of fungal diversity to changes with respect to bacteria may open the controversy as to whether future 'drier conditions' for Mediterranean regions might favor fungal dominated microbial communities. Finally, our results indicate that the fungal community exerted a strong influence over the temporal and spatial variability of SOM decomposition and its sensitivity to temperature. The results, therefore, highlight the important role of fungi in the decomposition of terrestrial SOM, especially under the harsh environmental conditions of Mediterranean ecosystems, for which models predict even drier conditions in the future.", "keywords": ["Diversity", "Diversitat", "Bacteria", "Drought", "Q10", "Soil organic matter decomposition", "Descomposici\u00f3 de la Mat\u00e8ria Org\u00e1nica del S\u00f2l", "Fungi", "Sequera", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Canvi clim\u00e1ticas", "15. Life on land", "Bacteris", "Descomposici\u00f3 de la mat\u00e8ria org\u00e0nica del s\u00f2l", "Fongs", "13. Climate action", "Climate change", "Canvi clim\u00e0tic", "Fong", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02300.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02300.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02300.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02300.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-09-30T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02336.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-09-16", "title": "Impact of tropical land-use change on soil organic carbon stocks - a meta-analysis", "description": "Land-use changes are the second largest source of human-induced greenhouse gas emission, mainly due to deforestation in the tropics and subtropics. CO2 emissions result from biomass and soil organic carbon (SOC) losses and may be offset with afforestation programs. However, the effect of land-use changes on SOC is poorly quantified due to insufficient data quality (only SOC concentrations and no SOC stocks, shallow sampling depth) and representativeness. In a global meta-analysis, 385 studies on land-use change in the tropics were explored to estimate the SOC stock changes for all major land-use change types. The highest SOC losses were caused by conversion of primary forest into cropland (\u221225%) and perennial crops (\u221230%) but forest conversion into grassland also reduced SOC stocks by 12%. Secondary forests stored less SOC than primary forests (\u22129%) underlining the importance of primary forests for C stores. SOC losses are partly reversible if agricultural land is afforested (+29%) or under cropland fallow (+32%) and with cropland conversion into grassland (+26%). Data on soil bulk density are critical in order to estimate SOC stock changes because (i) the bulk density changes with land-use and needs to be accounted for when calculating SOC stocks and (ii) soil sample mass has to be corrected for bulk density changes in order to compare land-use types on the same basis of soil mass. Without soil mass correction, land-use change effects would have been underestimated by 28%. Land-use change impact on SOC was not restricted to the surface soil, but relative changes were equally high in the subsoil, stressing the importance of sufficiently deep sampling.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Jens Schumacher, Annette Freibauer, Axel Don,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02336.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02336.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02336.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02336.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-11-02T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02349.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-10-05", "title": "Nonlinear Nitrous Oxide (N2o) Response To Nitrogen Fertilizer In On-Farm Corn Crops Of The Us Midwest", "description": "AbstractRow\uffe2\uff80\uff90crop agriculture is a major source of nitrous oxide (N2O) globally, and results from recent field experiments suggest that significant decreases in N2O emissions may be possible by decreasing nitrogen (N) fertilizer inputs without affecting economic return from grain yield. We tested this hypothesis on five commercially farmed fields in Michigan, USA planted with corn in 2007 and 2008. Six rates of N fertilizer (0\uffe2\uff80\uff93225\uffe2\uff80\uff83kg\uffe2\uff80\uff83N\uffe2\uff80\uff83ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921) were broadcast and incorporated before planting, as per local practice. Across all sites and years, increases in N2O flux were best described by a nonlinear, exponentially increasing response to increasing N rate. N2O emission factors per unit of N applied ranged from 0.6% to 1.5% and increased with increasing N application across all sites and years, especially at N rates above those required for maximum crop yield. At the two N fertilizer rates above those recommended for maximum economic return (135\uffe2\uff80\uff83kg\uffe2\uff80\uff83N\uffe2\uff80\uff83ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921), average N2O fluxes were 43% (18\uffe2\uff80\uff83g\uffe2\uff80\uff83N2O\uffe2\uff80\uff93N\uffe2\uff80\uff83ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffe2\uff80\uff83day\uffe2\uff88\uff921) and 115% (26\uffe2\uff80\uff83g\uffe2\uff80\uff83N2O\uffe2\uff80\uff93N\uffe2\uff80\uff83ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffe2\uff80\uff83day\uffe2\uff88\uff921) higher than were fluxes at the recommended rate, respectively. The maximum return to nitrogen rate of 154\uffe2\uff80\uff83kg\uffe2\uff80\uff83N\uffe2\uff80\uff83ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921yielded an average 8.3\uffe2\uff80\uff83Mg\uffe2\uff80\uff83grain\uffe2\uff80\uff83ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921. Our study shows the potential to lower agricultural N2O fluxes within a range of N fertilization that does not affect economic return from grain yield.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "nitrous oxide", "N2O", "emission reduction", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "maize", "630", "corn", "greenhouse gas", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "nitrogen fertilizer", "agriculture"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02349.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02349.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02349.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02349.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-11-22T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1439-037x.2004.00125.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-02-03", "title": "Intercropping For The Improvement Of Sorghum Yield, Soil Fertility And Striga Control In The Subsistence Agriculture Region Of Tigray (Northern Ethiopia)", "description": "AbstractStriga hermonthica is a major biotic constraint in the dry and less fertile areas of northern Ethiopia. Emphasis is being placed on improved cropping systems to address the interrelated problems of Striga and soil fertility decline. The potential benefits of intercropping were investigated at two sites representing different environments for crop yield improvement, soil fertility maintenance and Striga control. Ten food legume and oilseed crop species were compared in inter\uffe2\uff80\uff90row arrangement with sorghum under non\uffe2\uff80\uff90fertilized conditions. In most cases, there was no significant negative impact of intercropping on sorghum growth and development. Among the intercrops, two cowpea varieties \uffe2\uff80\uff93 cv. TVU 1977 OD and cv. Blackeye bean \uffe2\uff80\uff93 produced the highest supplemental yield of up to 329 and 623\uffe2\uff80\uff83kg\uffe2\uff80\uff83ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 grain and 608 and 1173\uffe2\uff80\uff83kg\uffe2\uff80\uff83ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 biomass at Adibakel and Sheraro respectively. Treatment differences on Striga infestation and measured soil fertility indicators were not significant. Nevertheless, valuable grain and biomass obtained from the legume intercrops, without seriously compromising sorghum yield, could offer multiple benefits as a source of protein, additional income, feeds for animals and manure in the subsistence agriculture regions of northern Ethiopia.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "SDG 2 - Zero Hunger"], "contacts": [{"organization": "J. A. C. Verkleij, F. Reda, W. H. O. Ernst,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-037x.2004.00125.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Agronomy%20and%20Crop%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1439-037x.2004.00125.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1439-037x.2004.00125.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1439-037x.2004.00125.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02408.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-02-01", "title": "Temporal dynamics of soil organic carbon after land-use change in the temperate zone - carbon response functions as a model approach", "description": "Land-use change (LUC) is a major driving factor for the balance of soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks and the global carbon cycle. The temporal dynamic of SOC after LUC is especially important in temperate systems with a long reaction time. On the basis of 95 compiled studies covering 322 sites in the temperate zone, carbon response functions (CRFs) were derived to model the temporal dynamic of SOC after five different LUC types (mean soil depth of 30\u00b16cm). Grassland establishment caused a long lasting carbon sink with a relative stock change of 128\u00b123% and afforestation on former cropland a sink of 116\u00b154%, 100 years after LUC (mean\u00b195% confidence interval). No new equilibrium was reached within 120 years. In contrast, there was no SOC sink following afforestation of grasslands and 75% of all observations showed SOC losses, even after 100 years. Only in the forest floor, there was carbon accumulation of 0.38\u00b10.04Mgha-1yr-1 in afforestations adding up to 38\u00b14Mgha-1 labile carbon after 100 years. Carbon loss after deforestation (-32\u00b120%) and grassland conversion to cropland (-36\u00b15%), was rapid with a new SOC equilibrium being reached after 23 and 17 years, respectively. The change rate of SOC increased with temperature and precipitation but decreased with soil depth and clay content. Subsoil SOC changes followed the trend of the topsoil SOC changes but were smaller (25\u00b15% of the total SOC changes) and with a high uncertainty due to a limited number of datasets. As a simple and robust model approach, the developed CRFs provide an easily applicable tool to estimate SOC stock changes after LUC to improve greenhouse gas reporting in the framework of UNFCCC. \u00a9 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02408.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02408.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02408.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02408.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02424.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-03-21", "title": "Impacts Of Multiple Extreme Winter Warming Events On Sub-Arctic Heathland: Phenology, Reproduction, Growth, And Co2 Flux Responses", "description": "AbstractExtreme weather events can have strong negative impacts on species survival and community structure when surpassing lethal thresholds. Extreme, short\uffe2\uff80\uff90lived, winter warming events in the Arctic rapidly melt snow and expose ecosystems to unseasonably warm air (for instance, 2\uffe2\uff80\uff9310\uffe2\uff80\uff83\uffc2\uffb0C for 2\uffe2\uff80\uff9314 days) but upon return to normal winter climate exposes the ecosystem to much colder temperatures due to the loss of insulating snow. Single events have been shown to reduce plant reproduction and increase shoot mortality, but impacts of multiple events are little understood as are the broader impacts on community structure, growth, carbon balance, and nutrient cycling. To address these issues, we simulated week\uffe2\uff80\uff90long extreme winter warming events \uffe2\uff80\uff93 using infrared heating lamps and soil warming cables \uffe2\uff80\uff93 for 3 consecutive years in a sub\uffe2\uff80\uff90Arctic heathland dominated by the dwarf shrubsEmpetrum hermaphroditum, Vaccinium vitis\uffe2\uff80\uff90idaea(both evergreen) andVaccinium myrtillus(deciduous). During the growing seasons after the second and third winter event, spring bud burst was delayed by up to a week forE. hermaphroditumandV. myrtillus, and berry production reduced by 11\uffe2\uff80\uff9375% and 52\uffe2\uff80\uff9395% forE. hermaphroditumandV. myrtillus, respectively. Greater shoot mortality occurred inE. hermaphroditum(up to 52%),V. vitis\uffe2\uff80\uff90idaea(51%), andV. myrtillus(80%). Root growth was reduced by more than 25% but soil nutrient availability remained unaffected. Gross primary productivity was reduced by more than 50% in the summer following the third simulation. Overall, the extent of damage was considerable, and critically plant responses were opposite in direction to the increased growth seen in long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term summer warming simulations and the \uffe2\uff80\uff98greening\uffe2\uff80\uff99 seen for some arctic regions. Given the Arctic is warming more in winter than summer, and extreme events are predicted to become more frequent, this generates large uncertainty in our current understanding of arctic ecosystem responses to climate change.
", "keywords": ["flowering phenology", "0106 biological sciences", "extreme events", "climate change", "13. Climate action", "arctic", "winter warming", "nutrient cycling", "GPP", "15. Life on land", "dwarf shrub", "01 natural sciences", "SDG 15 - Life on Land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02424.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02424.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02424.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02424.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-04-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02444.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-04-12", "title": "Annual Methane Uptake By Temperate Semiarid Steppes As Regulated By Stocking Rates, Aboveground Plant Biomass And Topsoil Air Permeability", "description": "AbstractOvergrazing\uffe2\uff80\uff90induced degradation of temperate semiarid steppes may affect the soil sink for atmospheric methane (CH4). However, previous studies have primarily focused on the growing season and on single grazing patterns. Thus, the response of annual CH4 uptake by steppes compared with various grazing practices is uncertain. In this study, we investigated the effects of grazing on the annual CH4 uptake by two typical Eurasian semiarid steppes (the Stipa grandis steppe and the Leymus chinensis steppe) located in Inner Mongolia, China. The CH4 fluxes were measured year\uffe2\uff80\uff90round using static chambers and gas chromatography at 12 field sites that differed primarily in grazing intensities. Our results indicated that steppe soils were CH4 sinks throughout the year. The annual CH4 uptake correlated with stocking rates, whereas the seasonality of CH4 uptake was primarily dominated by temperature. The annual CH4 uptake at all sites averaged 3.7\uffc2\uffb10.7\uffe2\uff80\uff83kg\uffe2\uff80\uff83C\uffe2\uff80\uff83ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffe2\uff80\uff83yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921 (range: 2.3\uffe2\uff80\uff934.5), where approximately 35% (range: 23\uffe2\uff80\uff9340%) occurred during the nongrowing season. Light\uffe2\uff80\uff90to\uffe2\uff80\uff90moderate grazing (stocking rate\uffe2\uff89\uffa41\uffe2\uff80\uff83sheep\uffe2\uff80\uff83ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffe2\uff80\uff83yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921) did not significantly change the annual CH4 uptake compared with ungrazed steppes, but heavy grazing reduced annual CH4 uptake significantly (by 24\uffe2\uff80\uff9331%, P<0.05). These findings imply that easing the pressure of heavily grazed steppes (e.g. moving to light or moderate stocking rates) would help restore steppe soil sinks for atmospheric CH4. The empirical equations based on the significant relationships between annual CH4 uptake and stocking rates, aboveground plant biomass and topsoil air permeability (P<0.01) could provide simple approaches for the estimation of regional CH4 uptake by temperate semiarid steppes.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Earth sciences", "info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/550", "550", "ddc:550", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02444.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02444.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02444.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02444.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-05-05T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02407.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-02-01", "title": "Bryophytes Attenuate Anthropogenic Nitrogen Inputs In Boreal Forests", "description": "Productivity in boreal ecosystems is primarily limited by available soil nitrogen (N), and there is substantial interest in understanding whether deposition of anthropogenically derived reactive nitrogen (Nr) results in greater N availability to woody vegetation, which could result in greater carbon (C) sequestration. One factor that may limit the acquisition of Nr by woody plants is the presence of bryophytes, which are a significant C and N pool, and a location where associative cyanobacterial N-fixation occurs. Using a replicated stand-scale N-addition experiment (five levels: 0, 3, 6, 12, and 50\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0yr\u22121; n=6) in the boreal zone of northern Sweden, we tested the hypothesis that sequestration of Nr into bryophyte tissues, and downregulation of N-fixation would attenuate Nr inputs, and thereby limit anthropogenic Nr acquisition by woody plants. Our data showed that N-fixation per unit moss mass and per unit area sharply decreased with increasing N addition. Additionally, the tissue N concentrations of Pleuorzium schreberi increased and its biomass decreased with increasing N addition. This response to increasing N addition caused the P. schreberi N pool to be stable at all but the highest N addition rate, where it significantly decreased. The combined effects of changed N-fixation and P. schreberi biomass N accounted for 56.7% of cumulative Nr additions at the lowest Nr addition rate, but only a minor fraction for all other treatments. This \u2018bryophyte effect\u2019 can in part explain why soil inorganic N availability and acquisition by woody plants (indicated by their \u03b415N signatures) remained unchanged up to N addition rates of 12\u00a0kg\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0yr\u22121 or greater. Finally, we demonstrate that approximately 71.8% of the boreal forest experiences Nr deposition rates at or below 3\u00a0kg\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0yr\u22121, suggesting that bryophytes likely limit woody plant acquisition of ambient anthropogenic Nr inputs throughout a majority of the boreal forest.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02407.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02407.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02407.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02407.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02423.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-03-21", "title": "Plant Community Responses To Nitrogen Addition And Increased Precipitation: The Importance Of Water Availability And Species Traits", "description": "AbstractGlobal nitrogen (N) enrichment and changing precipitation regimes are likely to alter plant community structure and composition, with consequent influences on biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Responses of plant community structure and composition to N addition and increased precipitation were examined in a temperate steppe in northern China. Increased precipitation and N addition stimulated and suppressed community species richness, respectively, across 6 years (2005\uffe2\uff80\uff932010) of the manipulative experiment. N addition and increased precipitation significantly altered plant community structure and composition at functional groups levels. The significant relationship between species richness and soil moisture (SM) suggests that plant community structure is mediated by water under changing environmental conditions. In addition, plant height played an important role in affecting the responses of plant communities to N addition, and the effects of increased precipitation on plant community were dependent on species rooting depth. Our results highlight the importance and complexity of both abiotic (SM) and biotic factors (species traits) in structuring plant community under changing environmental scenarios. These findings indicate that knowledge of species traits can contribute to mechanistic understanding and projection of vegetation dynamics in response to future environmental change.
", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02423.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02423.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02423.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02423.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-04-20T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02426.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-03-21", "title": "Throughfall Exclusion And Leaf Litter Addition Drive Higher Rates Of Soil Nitrous Oxide Emissions From A Lowland Wet Tropical Forest", "description": "AbstractTropical forests are a significant global source of the greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (N2O). Predicted environmental changes for this biome highlight the need to understand how simultaneous changes in precipitation and labile carbon (C) availability may affect soil N2O production. We conducted a small\uffe2\uff80\uff90scale throughfall and leaf litter manipulation in a lowland tropical forest in southwestern Costa Rica to test how potential changes in both water and litter derived labile C inputs to soils may alter N2O emissions. Experimentally reducing throughfall in this wet tropical forest significantly increased soil emissions of N2O, and our data suggest that at least part of this response was driven by an increase in the concentration of dissolved organic carbon [DOC] inputs delivered from litter to soil under the drier conditions. Furthermore, [DOC] was significantly correlated with N2O emissions across both throughfall and litterfall manipulation plots, despite the fact that native NO3\uffe2\uff88\uff92 pools in this site were generally small. Our results highlight the importance of understanding not only the potential direct effects of changing precipitation on soil biogeochemistry, but also the indirect effects resulting from interactions between the hydrologic, C and N cycles. Finally, over all sampling events we observed lower mean N2O emissions (<1\uffe2\uff80\uff83ng\uffe2\uff80\uff83N2O\uffe2\uff80\uff90N\uffe2\uff80\uff83cm\uffe2\uff88\uff922\uffe2\uff80\uff83h\uffe2\uff88\uff921) than reported for many other lowland tropical forests, perhaps reflecting a more general pattern of increasing relative N constraints to biological activity as one moves from drier to wetter portions of the lowland tropical forest biome.
", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02426.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02426.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02426.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02426.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-04-20T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02470.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-07-06", "title": "Can Differences In Microbial Abundances Help Explain Enhanced N2o Emissions In A Permanent Grassland Under Elevated Atmospheric Co2?", "description": "AbstractLong\uffe2\uff80\uff90term effects of elevated atmospheric CO2 on the ammonia\uffe2\uff80\uff90oxidizing and denitrifying bacteria in a grassland soil were investigated to test whether a shift in abundance of these N\uffe2\uff80\uff90cycling microorganisms was responsible for enhanced N2O emissions under elevated atmospheric CO2. Soil samples (7.5\uffc2\uffa0cm increments to 45\uffc2\uffa0cm depth) were collected in 2008 from the University of Giessen Free Air Carbon dioxide Enrichment (GiFACE), a permanent grassland exposed to moderately elevated atmospheric CO2 (+20%) since 1998. GiFACE plots lay on a soil moisture gradient because of gradually changing depth to the underlying water table and labeled as the DRY block (furthest from water table), MED block (intermediate to water table), and WET block (nearest to water table). Mean N2O emissions measured since 1998 have been significantly higher under elevated CO2. This study sought to identify microbial and biochemical parameters that might explain higher N2O emissions under elevated CO2. Soil biochemical parameters [extractable organic carbon (EOC), dissolved organic nitrogen (DON), NH4+, NO3\uffe2\uff88\uff92], and abundances of genes encoding the key enzymes involved in ammonia oxidation (amoA) and denitrification (nirK, nirS, nosZ) depended more on soil depth and block (underlying soil moisture gradient) than on elevated CO2. Ammonia oxidation and denitrification gene abundances, relative abundances (ratios) of nirS to nirK, of nosZ to both nirS and to nirK, and of the measured soil biochemical properties DON and NO3\uffe2\uff88\uff92 tended to be lower in elevated CO2 plots as compared with ambient plots in the MED and WET blocks while the DRY block exhibited an opposite trend. High N2O emissions under elevated CO2 in the MED and WET blocks correlated with lower nosZ to nirK ratios, suggesting that increased N2O emissions under elevated CO2 might be caused by a higher proportion of N2O\uffe2\uff80\uff90producing rather than N2O consuming (N2 producing) denitrifiers.
", "keywords": ["nirS", "2. Zero hunger", "N2O emissions", "denitrification", "[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "AOA", "6. Clean water", "AOB", "soil", "Enrichissement en gaz carbonique", "[SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "Concentration \u00e9lev\u00e9e en CO2", "nosZ", "FACE", "13. Climate action", "ammonia oxidation", "nirK", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02470.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02470.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02470.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02470.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-07-10T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02516.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-08-03", "title": "Effects Of Soil Moisture On The Temperature Sensitivity Of Heterotrophic Respiration Vary Seasonally In An Old-Field Climate Change Experiment", "description": "AbstractMicrobial decomposition of soil organic matter produces a major flux of CO2 from terrestrial ecosystems and can act as a feedback to climate change. Although climate\uffe2\uff80\uff90carbon models suggest that warming will accelerate the release of CO2 from soils, the magnitude of this feedback is uncertain, mostly due to uncertainty in the temperature sensitivity of soil organic matter decomposition. We examined how warming and altered precipitation affected the rate and temperature sensitivity of heterotrophic respiration (Rh) at the Boston\uffe2\uff80\uff90Area Climate Experiment, in Massachusetts, USA. We measured Rh inside deep collars that excluded plant roots and litter inputs. In this mesic ecosystem, Rh responded strongly to precipitation. Drought reduced Rh, both annually and during the growing season. Warming increased Rh only in early spring. During the summer, when Rh was highest, we found evidence of threshold, hysteretic responses to soil moisture: Rh decreased sharply when volumetric soil moisture dropped below ~15% or exceeded ~26%, but Rh increased more gradually when soil moisture rose from the lower threshold. The effect of climate treatments on the temperature sensitivity of Rh depended on the season. Apparent Q10 decreased with high warming (~3.5\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb0C) in spring and fall. Presumably due to limiting soil moisture, warming and precipitation treatments did not affect apparent Q10 in summer. Drought decreased apparent Q10 in fall compared to ambient and wet precipitation treatments. To our knowledge, this is the first field study to examine the response of Rh and its temperature sensitivity to the combined effects of warming and altered precipitation. Our results highlight the complex responses of Rh to soil moisture, and to our knowledge identify for the first time the seasonal variation in the temperature sensitivity of microbial respiration in the field. We emphasize the importance of adequately simulating responses such as these when modeling trajectories of soil carbon stocks under climate change scenarios.
", "keywords": ["apparent Q10", "2. Zero hunger", "microbial respiration", "warming", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "precipitation", "15. Life on land", "soil respiration", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02516.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02516.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02516.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02516.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-09-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02548.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:10Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-09-27", "title": "Summer Warming Accelerates Sub-Arctic Peatland Nitrogen Cycling Without Changing Enzyme Pools Or Microbial Community Structure", "description": "AbstractThe balance of primary production and decomposition in northern peatlands may shift due to climate change, with potential feedbacks to atmosphericCO2concentrations. Nitrogen availability will modulate this shift, but little is known about the drivers of soil nitrogen dynamics in these environments. We used a long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term (9\uffc2\uffa0years) open top chamber (OTC) experiment in an ombrotrophicSphagnumpeat bog in sub\uffe2\uff80\uff90arctic Sweden, to test for the interactive effects of spring warming, summer warming and winter snow addition on soil nitrogen fluxes, potential activities of nitrogen cycle enzymes, and soil microbial community composition. These simultaneous measurements allowed us to identify the level of organization at which climate change impacts are apparent, an important requirement for developing truly mechanistic understanding. Organic\uffe2\uff80\uff90N pools and fluxes were an order of magnitude higher than inorganic\uffe2\uff80\uff90N pools and fluxes. Summer warming approximately doubled fluxes of soil organic nitrogen and ammonia over the growing season. Such a large increase under 1\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb0C warming is unlikely to be due to kinetic effects, and we propose that it is linked to an observed seasonal decrease in microbial biomass, suggesting that N flux is driven by a substantial late\uffe2\uff80\uff90season dieback of microbes. This change in N cycle dynamics was not reflected in any of the measured potential peptidase activities. Moreover, the soil microbial community structure was apparently stable across treatments, suggesting a non\uffe2\uff80\uff90specific microbial dieback. Our results show that in these widespread peat bogs, where many plant species are capable of organic\uffe2\uff80\uff90N uptake, organic soil N dynamics are quantitatively far more important than the commonly studied inorganic\uffe2\uff80\uff90N dynamics. Understanding of climate change effects on organic soil N cycling in this system will be advanced by closer investigation of the seasonal dynamics of the microbial biomass and the input of substrates that maintain it.
", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "national", "SDG 13 - Climate Action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02548.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02548.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02548.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02548.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-10-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02494.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-07-05", "title": "Carbon (Delta C-13) And Nitrogen (Delta N-15) Stable Isotope Composition In Plant And Soil In Southern Patagonia'S Native Forests", "description": "AbstractStable isotope natural abundance measurements integrate across several biogeochemical processes in ecosystem N and C dynamics. Here, we report trends in natural isotope abundance (\uffce\uffb413C and \uffce\uffb415N in plant and soil) along a climosequence of 33 Nothofagus forest stands located within Patagonia, Southern Argentina. We measured 28 different abiotic variables (both climatic variables and soil properties) to characterize environmental conditions at each of the 33 sites. Foliar \uffce\uffb413C values ranged from \uffe2\uff88\uff9235.4\uffe2\uff80\uffb0 to \uffe2\uff88\uff9227.7\uffe2\uff80\uffb0, and correlated positively with foliar \uffce\uffb415N values, ranging from \uffe2\uff88\uff923.7\uffe2\uff80\uffb0 to 5.2\uffe2\uff80\uffb0. Soil \uffce\uffb413C and \uffce\uffb415N values reflected the isotopic trends of the foliar tissues and ranged from \uffe2\uff88\uff9229.8\uffe2\uff80\uffb0 to \uffe2\uff88\uff9225.3\uffe2\uff80\uffb0, and \uffe2\uff88\uff924.8\uffe2\uff80\uffb0 to 6.4\uffe2\uff80\uffb0, respectively, with no significant differences between Nothofagus species (Nothofagus pumilio, Nothofagus antarctica, Nothofagus betuloides). Principal component analysis and multiple regressions suggested that mainly water availability variables (mean annual precipitation), but not soil properties, explained between 42% and 79% of the variations in foliar and soil \uffce\uffb413C and \uffce\uffb415N natural abundance, which declined with increased moisture supply. We conclude that a decline in water use efficiency at wetter sites promotes both the depletion of heavy C and N isotopes in soil and plant biomass. Soil \uffce\uffb413C values were higher than those of the plant tissues and this difference increased as annual precipitation increased. No such differences were apparent when \uffce\uffb415N values in soil and plant were compared, which indicates that climatic differences contributed more to the overall C balance than to the overall N balance in these forest ecosystems.
", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02494.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02494.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02494.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02494.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-07-28T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02555.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:10Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-09-27", "title": "Global Change Belowground: Impacts Of Elevated Co2, Nitrogen, And Summer Drought On Soil Food Webs And Biodiversity", "description": "AbstractThe world's ecosystems are subjected to various anthropogenic global change agents, such as enrichment of atmospheric CO2 concentrations, nitrogen (N) deposition, and changes in precipitation regimes. Despite the increasing appreciation that the consequences of impending global change can be better understood if varying agents are studied in concert, there is a paucity of multi\uffe2\uff80\uff90factor long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term studies, particularly on belowground processes. Herein, we address this gap by examining the responses of soil food webs and biodiversity to enrichment of CO2, elevated N, and summer drought in a long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term grassland study at Cedar Creek, Minnesota, USA (BioCON experiment). We use structural equation modeling (SEM), various abiotic and biotic explanatory variables, and data on soil microorganisms, protozoa, nematodes, and soil microarthropods to identify the impacts of multiple global change effects on drivers belowground. We found that long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term (13\uffe2\uff80\uff90year) changes in CO2 and N availability resulted in modest alterations of soil biotic food webs and biodiversity via several mechanisms, encompassing soil water availability, plant productivity, and \uffe2\uff80\uff93 most importantly \uffe2\uff80\uff93 changes in rhizodeposition. Four years of manipulation of summer drought exerted surprisingly minor effects, only detrimentally affecting belowground herbivores and ciliate protists at elevated N. Elevated CO2 increased microbial biomass and the density of ciliates, microarthropod detritivores, and gamasid mites, most likely by fueling soil food webs with labile C. Moreover, beneficial bottom\uffe2\uff80\uff90up effects of elevated CO2 compensated for detrimental elevated N effects on soil microarthropod taxa richness. In contrast, nematode taxa richness was lowest at elevated CO2 and elevated N. Thus, enrichment of atmospheric CO2 concentrations and N deposition may result in taxonomically and functionally altered, potentially simplified, soil communities. Detrimental effects of N deposition on soil biodiversity underscore recent reports on plant community simplification. This is of particular concern, as soils house a considerable fraction of global biodiversity and ecosystem functions.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "protozoa", "belowground interactions", "13. Climate action", "nematodes", "aboveground interactions", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "grassland", "15. Life on land", "bioCON", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02555.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02555.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02555.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02555.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-10-27T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-3180.1984.tb01565.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:11Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-07-29", "title": "Weed Interference In Maize, Cowpea And Maize/Cowpea Intercrop In A Subhumid Tropical Environment. Ii. Early Growth And Nutrient Content Of Crops And Weeds", "description": "Summary:Early growth and nutrient content of crops and weeds from weed\uffe2\uff80\uff90free and weedy no\uffe2\uff80\uff90tillage maize (Zea mays L, cv. TZB), cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L) Walp. cv. VITA\uffe2\uff80\uff905) and maize/cowpea intercrop at populations of 40000, 50000 and 30000 + 40000 plants ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 grown on a loamysand Oxic Ustropept in a subhumid tropical location were monitored in the early and late 1979 cropping seasons. In the first 6 weeks of growth in the early season, cropping pattern had no effect on weed growth; weeds did not suppress crop growth significantly until 5\uffe2\uff80\uff936 weeks after sowing and total crop dry weights were not affected by cropping pattern. Three weeks after sowing, weeds from weedy crop plots had taken up two to four times as much nutrient (N, P, K, Ca + Mg) as was taken up by corresponding weed\uffe2\uff80\uff90free crops. In the late season, weed dry weight 6 weeks after sowing was depressed in the intercrop compared to monocultures and dry\uffe2\uff80\uff90matter production of the intercrop was higher than those of monocultures. The resource use index (RUI), defined as the amount of an environmental resource used by a weed\uffe2\uff80\uff90free crop divided by the combined amount of the same resource used by the corresponding weedy crop and the associated weeds, increased with age of crop and was higher for the intercrop than the monocultures only in the late season.
", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "I. O. Akobundu, Albert O. Ayeni, W. B. Duke,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1984.tb01565.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Weed%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-3180.1984.tb01565.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-3180.1984.tb01565.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1984.tb01565.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1984-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1439-037x.2006.00218.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-07-18", "title": "Yield, Boll Distribution And Fibre Quality Of Hybrid Cotton (Gossypium Hirsutum L.) As Influenced By Organic And Modern Methods Of Cultivation", "description": "AbstractIndia is the largest cotton\uffe2\uff80\uff90growing country (8.9\uffe2\uff80\uff83million hectares) in the world and most of the area is rain\uffe2\uff80\uff90dependent. Large amount of pesticides are used for the control of sucking pests and lepidopterans. Increasing demand for clean organic fibre has led to an interest in organic cotton. However, information on the effects of organic cultivation on fibre quality is limited. Seed cotton yield and fibre quality (length, strength, micronaire and uniformity) were determined for an organic and modern method of cultivation during 3\uffe2\uff80\uff83years (2002\uffe2\uff80\uff932003 to 2004\uffe2\uff80\uff932005) of a 11\uffe2\uff80\uff90year (1994\uffe2\uff80\uff931995 to 2004\uffe2\uff80\uff932005) study. Vertical and horizontal distribution of bolls on a cotton plant was also determined in 2003\uffe2\uff80\uff932004 and 2004\uffe2\uff80\uff932005. At the end of year 11, soil samples were collected and analysed for soil organic carbon content, water\uffe2\uff80\uff90stable aggregates (%), and mean weight diameter. Averaged over 3\uffe2\uff80\uff83years, an additional 94\uffe2\uff80\uff83kg seed cotton ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 was produced in the organic over the modern method of cultivation and the difference was significant. The year\uffe2\uff80\uff83\uffc3\uff97\uffe2\uff80\uff83treatment interaction was significant. Seed cotton yield in the organic plots was significantly greater than the modern method of cultivation plots in 2003\uffe2\uff80\uff932004 because of a well\uffe2\uff80\uff90distributed normal rainfall and low pest incidence. The main stem nodes 13\uffe2\uff80\uff9322 accounted for the largest numbers of bolls present on the plant. Plants of the organic plots had significantly (37\uffe2\uff80\uff9371\uffe2\uff80\uff83%) more bolls on nodes 13\uffe2\uff80\uff9327 than those for the plants of the modern method of cultivation. Lateral distribution of bolls on a sympodial (fruiting) branch, was noticed up to fruiting point 11. However, treatment differences were not significant. With regard to fibre quality (length, strength, fineness and uniformity), differences between years were significant. Inferior quality fibre was produced in 2004\uffe2\uff80\uff932005 because of delayed planting and early cessation of rain. On average, cotton grown under organic conditions compared with the modern method of cultivation had significantly better fibre length (25.1 vs. 24.0\uffe2\uff80\uff83mm) and strength (18.8 vs. 17.9\uffe2\uff80\uff83g\uffe2\uff80\uff83tex\uffe2\uff88\uff921). Soil samples of the organic plots had significantly greater C content, water\uffe2\uff80\uff90stable aggregates and mean weight diameter than the modern method of cultivation plots. Differences were restricted to the top layers (0\uffe2\uff80\uff930.1 and 0.1\uffe2\uff80\uff930.2\uffe2\uff80\uff83m). Yield benefits of growing cotton in an organic system over the modern method of cultivation are expected to be greater in years receiving normal rainfall and having low pest incidence.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "D. Blaise", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-037x.2006.00218.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Agronomy%20and%20Crop%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1439-037x.2006.00218.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1439-037x.2006.00218.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1439-037x.2006.00218.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-07-18T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02557.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:10Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-09-27", "title": "Effect Of Grazing On Carbon Stocks And Assimilate Partitioning In A Tibetan Montane Pasture Revealed By 13co2 Pulse Labeling", "description": "AbstractSince the late 1950s, governmental rangeland policies have changed the grazing management on the Tibetan Plateau (TP). Increasing grazing pressure and, since the 1980s, the privatization and fencing of pastures near villages has led to land degradation, whereas remote pastures have recovered from stronger overgrazing. To clarify the effect of moderate grazing on the carbon (C) cycle of the TP, we investigated differences in below\uffe2\uff80\uff90ground C stocks and C allocation using in situ 13CO2 pulse labeling of (i) a montane Kobresia winter pasture of yaks, with moderate grazing regime and (ii) a 7\uffe2\uff80\uff90year\uffe2\uff80\uff90old grazing exclosure plot, both in 3440\uffc2\uffa0m asl. Twenty\uffe2\uff80\uff90seven days after the labeling, 13C incorporated into shoots did not differ between the grazed (43% of recovered 13C) and ungrazed (38%) plots. In the grazed plots, however, less C was lost by shoot respiration (17% vs. 42%), and more was translocated below\uffe2\uff80\uff90ground (40% vs. 20%). Within the below\uffe2\uff80\uff90ground pools, <2% of 13C was incorporated into living root tissue of both land use types. In the grazed plots about twice the amount of 13C remained in soil (18%) and was mineralized to CO2 (20%) as compared to the ungrazed plots (soil 10%; CO2 9%). Despite the higher contribution of root\uffe2\uff80\uff90derived C to CO2 efflux, total CO2 efflux did not differ between the two land use types. C stocks in the soil layers 0\uffe2\uff80\uff935 and 5\uffe2\uff80\uff9315\uffc2\uffa0cm under grazed grassland were significantly larger than in the ungrazed grassland. However, C stocks below 15\uffc2\uffa0cm were not affected after 7\uffc2\uffa0years without grazing. We conclude that the larger below\uffe2\uff80\uff90ground C allocation of plants, the larger amount of recently assimilated C remaining in the soil, and less soil organic matter\uffe2\uff80\uff90derived CO2 efflux create a positive effect of moderate grazing on soil C input and C sequestration.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02557.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02557.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02557.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02557.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-10-27T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02585.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:10Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-10-24", "title": "High Nitrogen Deposition Alters The Decomposition Of Bog Plant Litter And Reduces Carbon Accumulation", "description": "AbstractBogs are globally important sinks of atmospheric carbon (C) due to the accumulation of partially decomposed litter that forms peat. Because bogs receive their nutrients from the atmosphere, the world\uffe2\uff80\uff90wide increase of nitrogen (N) deposition is expected to affect litter decomposition and, ultimately, the rate of C accumulation. However, the mechanism of such biogeochemical alteration remains unclear and quantification of the effect of N addition on litter accumulation has yet to be done. Here, we show that 7\uffc2\uffa0years of N addition to a bog decreased the C\uffc2\uffa0:\uffc2\uffa0N ratio, increased the bacterial biomass and stimulated the activity of hydrolytic and oxidative enzymes in surface peat. Furthermore, N addition modified nutrient limitation of microbes during litter decomposition so that phosphorus became a primary limiting nutrient. Alteration of N release from decomposing litter affected bog water chemistry and the competitive balance between peat\uffe2\uff80\uff90forming mosses and vascular plants. We estimate that deposition of about 4 g\uffc2\uffa0N\uffc2\uffa0m\uffe2\uff88\uff922\uffc2\uffa0yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921 will cause a mean annual reduction of fresh litter C accumulation of about 40\uffc2\uffa0g\uffc2\uffa0m\uffe2\uff88\uff922 primarily as a consequence of decreased litter production from peat\uffe2\uff80\uff90forming mosses. Our findings show that N deposition interacts with both above and below ground components of biodiversity to threaten the ability of bogs to act as N\uffe2\uff80\uff90sinks, which may offset the positive effects of N on C accumulation seen in other ecosystems.
", "keywords": ["570", "Decomposition; litter accumulation modelling; microbial diversity; peatland; primary production; soil enzymatic activity; Sphagnum; vascular plants", "decomposition", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "litter accumulation modelling", "soil enzymatic activity", "15. Life on land", "S phagnum", "13. Climate action", "microbial diversity", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "peatland", "vascular plants", "primary production"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02585.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02585.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02585.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02585.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-11-23T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02626.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:10Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-12-06", "title": "Interactive Responses Of Old-Field Plant Growth And Composition To Warming And Precipitation", "description": "AbstractAs Earth's atmosphere accumulates carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gases, Earth's climate is expected to warm and precipitation patterns will likely change. The manner in which terrestrial ecosystems respond to climatic changes will in turn affect the rate of climate change. Here we describe responses of an old\uffe2\uff80\uff90field herbaceous community to a factorial combination of four levels of warming (up to 4\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb0C) and three precipitation regimes (drought, ambient and rain addition) over 2\uffc2\uffa0years. Warming suppressed total production, shoot production, and species richness, but only in the drought treatment. Root production did not respond to warming, but drought stimulated the growth of deeper (>\uffc2\uffa010\uffc2\uffa0cm) roots by 121% in 1\uffc2\uffa0year. Warming and precipitation treatments both affected functional group composition, with C4 grasses and other annual and biennial species entering the C3 perennial\uffe2\uff80\uff90dominated community in ambient rainfall and rain addition treatments as well as in warmed treatments. Our results suggest that, in this mesic system, expected changes in temperature or large changes in precipitation alone can alter functional composition, but they have little effect on total herbaceous plant growth. However, drought limits the capacity of the entire system to withstand warming. The relative insensitivity of our study system to climate suggests that the herbaceous component of old\uffe2\uff80\uff90field communities will not dramatically increase production in response to warming or precipitation change, and so it is unlikely to provide either substantial increases in forage production or a meaningful negative feedback to climate change later this century.
", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02626.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02626.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02626.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02626.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-02-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2012.02639.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:10Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-01-11", "title": "Consistent Effects Of Nitrogen Amendments On Soil Microbial Communities And Processes Across Biomes", "description": "AbstractEcosystems worldwide are receiving increasing amounts of reactive nitrogen (N) via anthropogenic activities with the added N having potentially important impacts on microbially mediated belowground carbon dynamics. However, a comprehensive understanding of how elevated N availability affects soil microbial processes and community dynamics remains incomplete. The mechanisms responsible for the observed responses are poorly resolved and we do not know if soil microbial communities respond in a similar manner across ecosystems. We collected 28 soils from a broad range of ecosystems in North America, amended soils with inorganic N, and incubated the soils under controlled conditions for 1\uffc2\uffa0year. Consistent across nearly all soils, N addition decreased microbial respiration rates, with an average decrease of 11% over the year\uffe2\uff80\uff90long incubation, and decreased microbial biomass by 35%. High\uffe2\uff80\uff90throughput pyrosequencing showed that N addition consistently altered bacterial community composition, increasing the relative abundance of Actinobacteria and Firmicutes, and decreasing the relative abundance of Acidobacteria and Verrucomicrobia. Further, N\uffe2\uff80\uff90amended soils consistently had lower activities in a broad suite of extracellular enzymes and had decreased temperature sensitivity, suggesting a shift to the preferential decomposition of more labile C pools. The observed trends held across strong gradients in climate and soil characteristics, indicating that the soil microbial responses to N addition are likely controlled by similar wide\uffe2\uff80\uff90spread mechanisms. Our results support the hypothesis that N addition depresses soil microbial activity by shifting the metabolic capabilities of soil bacterial communities, yielding communities that are less capable of decomposing more recalcitrant soil carbon pools and leading to a potential increase in soil carbon sequestration rates.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2012.02639.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2012.02639.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2012.02639.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2012.02639.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-02-06T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02634.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:10Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-12-26", "title": "Soil Respiration Is Stimulated By Elevated Co2 And Reduced By Summer Drought: Three Years Of Measurements In A Multifactor Ecosystem Manipulation Experiment In A Temperate Heathland (Climaite)", "description": "AbstractThis study investigated the impact of predicted future climatic and atmospheric conditions on soil respiration (RS) in a Danish Calluna\uffe2\uff80\uff90Deschampsia\uffe2\uff80\uff90heathland. A fully factorial in situ experiment with treatments of elevated atmospheric CO2 (+130\uffc2\uffa0ppm), raised soil temperature (+0.4\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb0C) and extended summer drought (5\uffe2\uff80\uff938% precipitation exclusion) was established in 2005. The average RS, observed in the control over 3\uffc2\uffa0years of measurements (1.7\uffc2\uffa0\uffce\uffbcmol CO2\uffc2\uffa0m\uffe2\uff88\uff922\uffc2\uffa0sec\uffe2\uff88\uff921), increased 38% under elevated CO2, irrespective of combination with the drought or temperature treatments. In contrast, extended summer drought decreased RS by 14%, while elevated soil temperature did not affect RS overall. A significant interaction between elevated temperature and drought resulted in further reduction of RS when these treatments were combined. A detailed analysis of short\uffe2\uff80\uff90term RS dynamics associated with drought periods showed that RS was reduced by ~50% and was strongly correlated with soil moisture during these events. Recovery of RS to pre\uffe2\uff80\uff90drought levels occurred within 2\uffc2\uffa0weeks of rewetting; however, unexpected drought effects were observed several months after summer drought treatment in 2 of the 3\uffc2\uffa0years, possibly due to reduced plant growth or changes in soil water holding capacity. An empirical model that predicts RS from soil temperature, soil moisture and plant biomass was developed and accounted for 55% of the observed variability in RS. The model predicted annual sums of RS in 2006 and 2007, in the control, were 672 and 719\uffc2\uffa0g\uffc2\uffa0C\uffc2\uffa0m\uffe2\uff88\uff922\uffc2\uffa0y\uffe2\uff88\uff921, respectively. For the full treatment combination, i.e. the future climate scenario, the model predicted that soil respiratory C losses would increase by ~21% (140\uffe2\uff80\uff93150\uffc2\uffa0g\uffc2\uffa0C\uffc2\uffa0m\uffe2\uff88\uff922\uffc2\uffa0y\uffe2\uff88\uff921). Therefore, in the future climate, stimulation of C storage in plant biomass and litter must be in excess of 21% for this ecosystem to not suffer a reduction in net ecosystem exchange.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02634.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02634.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02634.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02634.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-02-06T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2012.02643.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:10Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-01-23", "title": "Soil Carbon And Nitrogen Cycling And Storage Throughout The Soil Profile In A Sweetgum Plantation After 11\u00a0Years Of Co2-Enrichment", "description": "AbstractIncreased partitioning of carbon (C) to fine roots under elevated [CO2], especially deep in the soil profile, could alter soil C and nitrogen (N) cycling in forests. After more than 11\uffc2\uffa0years of free\uffe2\uff80\uff90air CO2 enrichment in a Liquidambar styraciflua L. (sweetgum) plantation in Oak Ridge, TN, USA, greater inputs of fine roots resulted in the incorporation of new C (i.e., C with a depleted \uffce\uffb413C) into root\uffe2\uff80\uff90derived particulate organic matter (POM) pools to 90\uffe2\uff80\uff90cm depth. Even though production in the sweetgum stand was limited by soil N availability, soil C and N contents were greater throughout the soil profile under elevated [CO2] at the conclusion of the experiment. Greater C inputs from fine\uffe2\uff80\uff90root detritus under elevated [CO2] did not result in increased net N immobilization or C mineralization rates in long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term laboratory incubations, possibly because microbial biomass was lower in the CO2\uffe2\uff80\uff90enriched plots. Furthermore, the \uffce\uffb413CO2 of the C mineralized from the incubated soil closely tracked the \uffce\uffb413C of the labile POM pool in the elevated [CO2] treatment, especially in shallower soil, and did not indicate significant priming of the decomposition of pre\uffe2\uff80\uff90experiment soil organic matter (SOM). Although potential C mineralization rates were positively and linearly related to total SOM C content in the top 30\uffc2\uffa0cm of soil, this relationship did not hold in deeper soil. Taken together with an increased mean residence time of C in deeper soil pools, these findings indicate that C inputs from relatively deep roots under elevated [CO2] may increase the potential for long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term soil C storage. However, C in deeper soil is likely to take many years to accrue to a significant fraction of total soil C given relatively smaller root inputs at depth. Expanded representation of biogeochemical cycling throughout the soil profile may improve model projections of future forest responses to rising atmospheric [CO2].
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2012.02643.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2012.02643.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2012.02643.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2012.02643.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-03-02T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2012.02686.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:10Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-03-06", "title": "Microbial Communities And Their Responses To Simulated Global Change Fluctuate Greatly Over Multiple Years", "description": "AbstractWe used microbial lipid analysis to analyze microbial biomass and community structure during 6\uffc2\uffa0years of experimental treatment at the Jasper Ridge Global Change Experiment (JRGCE), a long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term multi\uffe2\uff80\uff90factor global change experiment in a California annual grassland. The microbial community fingerprint and specific biomarkers varied substantially from year to year, in both control and experimental treatment plots. Possible drivers of the variability included plant growth, soil moisture, and ambient temperature. Surprisingly, background variation in the microbial community was of a larger magnitude than even very significant treatment effects, and this variation appeared to constrain responses to treatment. Microbial communities were mostly not responsive or not consistently responsive to the experimental treatments. Both arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi biomarker abundance (16\uffc2\uffa0:\uffc2\uffa01 \uffcf\uff895c) and the fungal to bacterial ratio were lower under nitrogen addition in most years. Bacterial lipid biomarker abundances (15\uffc2\uffa0:\uffc2\uffa00 iso and 16\uffc2\uffa0:\uffc2\uffa01 \uffcf\uff897c) were higher under nitrogen addition in 2002, the year of largest microbial biomass, suggesting that bacteria could respond more to nitrogen addition in years of better growth conditions. Nitrogen addition and warming led to an interactive effect on the Gram\uffe2\uff80\uff90positive bacterial biomarker and the fungal to bacterial ratio. These patterns indicate that in California grassland ecosystems, microbial communities may not respond substantially to future changes in climate and that nitrogen deposition may be a determinant of the soil response to global change. Further, year\uffe2\uff80\uff90to\uffe2\uff80\uff90year variation in microbial growth or community composition may be important determinants of ecosystem response to global change.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Jessica L. M. Gutknecht, Christopher B. Field, Teri C. Balser,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2012.02686.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2012.02686.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2012.02686.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2012.02686.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-04-09T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2012.02692.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:10Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-03-10", "title": "Four Years Of Experimental Climate Change Modifies The Microbial Drivers Of N2o Fluxes In An Upland Grassland Ecosystem", "description": "AbstractEmissions of the trace gas nitrous oxide (N2O) play an important role for the greenhouse effect and stratospheric ozone depletion, but the impacts of climate change on N2O fluxes and the underlying microbial drivers remain unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of sustained climate change on field N2O fluxes and associated microbial enzymatic activities, microbial population abundance and community diversity in an extensively managed, upland grassland. We recorded N2O fluxes, nitrification and denitrification, microbial population size involved in these processes and community structure of nitrite reducers (nirK) in a grassland exposed for 4\uffc2\uffa0years to elevated atmospheric CO2 (+200\uffc2\uffa0ppm), elevated temperature (+3.5\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb0C) and reduction of summer precipitations (\uffe2\uff88\uff9220%) as part of a long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term, multifactor climate change experiment. Our results showed that both warming and simultaneous application of warming, summer drought and elevated CO2 had a positive effect on N2O fluxes, nitrification, N2O release by denitrification and the population size of N2O reducers and NH4 oxidizers. In situ N2O fluxes showed a stronger correlation with microbial population size under warmed conditions compared with the control site. Specific lineages of nirK denitrifier communities responded significantly to temperature. In addition, nirK community composition showed significant changes in response to drought. Path analysis explained more than 85% of in situ N2O fluxes variance by soil temperature, denitrification activity and specific denitrifying lineages. Overall, our study underlines that climate\uffe2\uff80\uff90induced changes in grassland N2O emissions reflect climate\uffe2\uff80\uff90induced changes in microbial community structure, which in turn modify microbial processes.
", "keywords": ["d\u00e9nitrification", "Biodiversit\u00e9 et Ecologie", "551", "AOB", "diversity", "Biodiversity and Ecology", "nosZ", "[SDV.EE.ECO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", " environment/Ecosystems", "nirK", "Milieux et Changements globaux", "2. Zero hunger", "changement climatique", "denitrification", "grasslands", "N2O", "prairie", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "nitrification", "6. Clean water", "[SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "climate change", "13. Climate action", "[SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", "AOB;changement climatique;d\u00e9nitrification;diversit\u00e9;prairie;N2O;nitrification", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "environment/Ecosystems"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://hal.science/halsde-00722571/file/Cantarel_gcb12_1.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2012.02692.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2012.02692.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2012.02692.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2012.02692.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-05-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2012.02696.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:10Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-03-13", "title": "Soil Respiration Under Climate Change: Prolonged Summer Drought Offsets Soil Warming Effects", "description": "AbstractClimate change may considerably impact the carbon (C) dynamics and C stocks of forest soils. To assess the combined effects of warming and reduced precipitation on soil CO2 efflux, we conducted a two\uffe2\uff80\uff90way factorial manipulation experiment (4\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb0C soil warming\uffc2\uffa0+\uffc2\uffa0throughfall exclusion) in a temperate spruce forest from 2008 until 2010. Soil was warmed by heating cables throughout the growing seasons. Soil drought was simulated by throughfall exclusions with three 100\uffc2\uffa0m2 roofs during 25\uffc2\uffa0days in July/August 2008 and 2009. Soil warming permanently increased the CO2 efflux from soil, whereas throughfall exclusion led to a sharp decrease in soil CO2 efflux (45% and 50% reduction during roof installation in 2008 and 2009, respectively). In 2008, CO2 efflux did not recover after natural rewetting and remained lowered until autumn. In 2009, CO2 efflux recovered shortly after rewetting, but relapsed again for several weeks. Drought offset the increase in soil CO2 efflux by warming in 2008 (growing season CO2 efflux in t C\uffc2\uffa0ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921: control: 7.1\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb1\uffc2\uffa01.0; warmed: 9.5\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb1\uffc2\uffa01.7; warmed\uffc2\uffa0+\uffc2\uffa0roof: 7.4\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb1\uffc2\uffa00.3; roof: 5.9\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb1\uffc2\uffa00.4) and in 2009 (control: 7.6\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb1\uffc2\uffa00.8; warmed\uffc2\uffa0+\uffc2\uffa0roof: 8.3\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb1\uffc2\uffa01.0). Throughfall exclusion mainly affected the organic layer and the top 5\uffc2\uffa0cm of the mineral soil. Radiocarbon data suggest that heterotrophic and autotrophic respiration were affected to the same extent by soil warming and drying. Microbial biomass in the mineral soil (0\uffe2\uff80\uff935\uffc2\uffa0cm) was not affected by the treatments. Our results suggest that warming causes significant C losses from the soil as long as precipitation patterns remain steady at our site. If summer droughts become more severe in the future, warming induced C losses will likely be offset by reduced soil CO2 efflux during and after summer drought.
", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Primary Research Articles", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2012.02696.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2012.02696.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2012.02696.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2012.02696.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-04-24T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2012.02732.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:10Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-05-11", "title": "Long-Term Nitrogen Additions Increase Likelihood Of Climate Stress And Affect Recovery From Wildfire In A Lowland Heath", "description": "AbstractIncreases in the emissions and associated atmospheric deposition of nitrogen (N) have the potential to cause significant changes to the structure and function of N\uffe2\uff80\uff90limited ecosystems. Here, we present the results of a long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term (13\uffc2\uffa0year) experiment assessing the impacts of N addition (30\uffc2\uffa0kg\uffc2\uffa0ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffc2\uffa0yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921) on a UK lowland heathland under a wide range of environmental conditions, including the occurrence of prolonged natural drought episodes and a severe summer fire. Our findings indicate that elevated N deposition results in large, persistent effects on Calluna growth, phenology and chemistry, severe suppression of understorey lichen flora and changes in soil biogeochemistry. Growing season rainfall was found to be a strong driver of inter\uffe2\uff80\uff90annual variation in Calluna growth and, although interactions between N and rainfall for shoot growth were not significant until the later phase of the experiment, N addition exacerbated the extent of drought injury to Calluna shoots following naturally occurring droughts in 2003 and 2009. Following a severe wildfire at the experimental site in 2006, heathland regeneration dynamics were significantly affected by N, with a greater abundance of pioneering moss species and suppression of the lichen flora in plots receiving N additions. Significant interactions between climate and N were also apparent post fire, with the characteristic stimulation in Calluna growth in +N plots suppressed during dry years. Carbon (C) and N budgets demonstrate large increases in both above\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and below\uffe2\uff80\uff90ground stocks of these elements in N\uffe2\uff80\uff90treated plots prior to the fire, despite higher levels of soil microbial activity and organic matter turnover. Although much of the organic material was removed during the fire, pre\uffe2\uff80\uff90existing treatment differences were still evident following the burn. Post fire accumulation of below\uffe2\uff80\uff90ground C and N stocks was increased rapidly in N\uffe2\uff80\uff90treated plots, highlighting the role of N deposition in ecosystem C sequestration.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "550", "droughts", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "nitrogen", "bushfires", "6. Clean water", "climatic changes", "eutrophication", "13. Climate action", "wildfires", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "ecosystems"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2012.02732.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2012.02732.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2012.02732.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2012.02732.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-06-27T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=SH&offset=5550&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=SH&offset=5550&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "prev", "title": "items (prev)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=SH&offset=5500", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "next", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (next)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=SH&offset=5600", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 9862, "numberReturned": 50, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-04-04T13:54:34.154352Z"}