Analyses of ecosystem responses to global change must embrace the reality of multiple, interacting environmental factors. Ecosystem models demonstrate the importance of examining the combined effects of the gradually rising concentration of atmospheric CO2 and the climatic change that attends it. Models to forecast future changes need data support to be useful, and data\uffe2\uff80\uff93model fusion has become essential in global change research. There is a wealth of information on plant responses to CO2 and temperature, but there have been few ecosystem\uffe2\uff80\uff90scale experiments investigating the combined or interactive effects of CO2 enrichment and warming. Factorial experiments to investigate interactions can be difficult to design, conduct, and interpret, and their results may not support predictions at the ecosystem scale \uffe2\uff80\uff93 in the context of global change they will always be case studies. An alternative approach is to gain a thorough understanding of the modes of action of single factors, and rely on our understanding (as represented in models) to inform us of the probable interactions. Multifactor (CO2\uffc2\uffa0\uffc3\uff97\uffc2\uffa0temperature) experiments remain important, however, for testing concepts, demonstrating the reality of multiple\uffe2\uff80\uff90factor influences, and reminding us that surprises can be expected.
", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01047.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01047.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01047.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01047.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-03-22T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2005.01444.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-07-05", "title": "Legume Species Identity And Soil Nitrogen Supply Determine Symbiotic Nitrogen-Fixation Responses To Elevated Atmospheric [Co2]", "description": "In nitrogen (N)-limited systems, the response of symbiotic N fixation to elevated atmospheric [CO2] may be an important determinant of ecosystem responses to this global change. Experimental tests of the effects of elevated [CO2] have not been consistent. Although rarely tested, differences among legume species and N supply may be important. In a field free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) experiment, we determined, for four legume species, whether the effects of elevated atmospheric [CO2] on symbiotic N fixation depended on soil N availability or species identity. Natural abundance and pool-dilution 15N methods were used to estimate N fixation. Although N addition did, in general, decrease N fixation, contrary to theoretical predictions, elevated [CO2] did not universally increase N fixation. Rather, the effect of elevated [CO2] on N fixation was positive, neutral or negative, depending on the species and N addition. Our results suggest that legume species identity and N supply are critical factors in determining symbiotic N-fixation responses to increased atmospheric [CO2].", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Atmosphere", "Nitrogen", "Minnesota", "Fabaceae", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Soil", "Species Specificity", "13. Climate action", "Nitrogen Fixation", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Symbiosis"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2005.01444.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2005.01444.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2005.01444.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2005.01444.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-04-28T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2007.02150.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-07-10", "title": "Decline Of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi In Northern Hardwood Forests Exposed To Chronic Nitrogen Additions", "description": "Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are important below-ground carbon (C) sinks that can be sensitive to increased nitrogen (N) availability. The abundance of AM fungi (AMF) was estimated in maple (Acer spp.) fine roots following more than a decade of experimental additions of N designed to simulate chronic atmospheric N deposition. Abundance of AMF was measured by staining and ocular estimation, as well as by analyzing for the AMF indicator fatty acid 16:1omega5c in phospholipid (biomass indicator) and neutral lipid (lipid storage indicator) fractions. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal biomass, storage structures and lipid storage declined in response to N addition measured by both methods. This pattern was found when AM response was characterized as colonization intensity, on an areal basis and in proportion to maple above-ground biomass. The phospholipid fraction of the fatty acid 16:1omega5c was positively correlated with total AMF colonization and the neutral lipid fraction with vesicle colonization. Decreased AMF abundance with simulated N deposition suggests reduced C allocation to these fungi or a direct soil N-mediated decline. The fatty acid (phospholipid and neutral lipid fractions) 16:1omega5c was found to be a good indicator for AMF active biomass and stored energy, respectively.", "keywords": ["Michigan", "Nitrogen", "Mycorrhizae", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Acer", "Biomass", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Lipid Metabolism", "Plant Roots", "Carbon", "Trees"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2007.02150.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2007.02150.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2007.02150.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2007.02150.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-08-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01054.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-04-13", "title": "Rhizodeposition Stimulated By Elevated Co2 In A Semiarid Grassland", "description": "Summary \u2022 Rhizodeposition, or the addition of C from roots to soil C pools, is expected to increase if net primary production is stimulated and some excess C is allocated below-ground. We investigated the effects of 5 yrs of elevated CO 2 on belowground C dynamics in a native, C 3 \u2010C 4 grassland ecosystem in Colorado, USA. \u2022 Cylinder harvests following each growing season and monolith excavation at the end of the experiment provided data on root biomass, root C : N ratios, and root and soil \u03b4 13 C values. We applied an isotopic mixing model to quantify new soil C inputs on elevated and ambient CO 2 treatments. \u2022 Root biomass increased by 23% and root C : N ratios increased by 26% after 5 yrs of elevated CO 2 . Species-specific differences were found in root residence times, which ranged from 6 to 8 yrs. \u2022 Rhizodeposition was roughly doubled in elevated compared with ambient CO 2 chambers, at 83 \u00b1 16 versus 35 \u00b1 9 g C m \u2212 2 yr \u2212 1 over the last 4 yrs of the experiment ( t -test, P = 0.006). Net C sequestration will depend on how decomposition rates are altered by elevated CO 2 .", "keywords": ["0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01054.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01054.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01054.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01054.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-03-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2007.02054.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-03-26", "title": "Irrigation And Enhanced Soil Carbon Input Effects On Below-Ground Carbon Cycling In Semiarid Temperate Grasslands", "description": "Global climate change is generally expected to increase net primary production, resulting in increased soil carbon (C) inputs. To gain an understanding of how such increased soil C inputs would affect C cycling in the vast grasslands of northern China, we conducted a field experiment in which the responses of plant and microbial biomass and respiration were studied. Our experiment included the below-ground addition of particulate organic matter (POM) at rates equivalent to 0, 60, 120 and 240 g C m(-2), under either natural precipitation or under enhanced precipitation during the summer period (as predicted for that region in recent simulations using general circulation models). We observed that addition of POM had a large effect on soil microbial biomass and activity and that a major part of the added C was rapidly lost from the system. This suggests that microbial activity in the vast temperate grassland ecosystems of northern China is energy-limited. Moreover, POM addition (and the associated nutrient release) affected plant growth much more than the additional water input. Although we performed no direct fertilization experiments, the response of plant productivity to POM addition (and associated release of nutrients) leads us to believe that plant productivity in the semiarid grassland ecosystems of northern China is primarily limited by nutrients and not by water.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "China", "Altitude", "Climate", "Temperature", "Water", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Poaceae", "Carbon", "Kinetics", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Desert Climate", "Ecosystem"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2007.02054.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2007.02054.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2007.02054.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2007.02054.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-03-26T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/nph.17980", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:24Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-01-19", "title": "Multimodal correlative imaging and modelling of phosphorus uptake from soil by hyphae of mycorrhizal fungi", "description": "Summary
Phosphorus (P) is essential for plant growth. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) aid its uptake by acquiring P from sources distant from roots in return for carbon. Little is known about how AMF colonise soil pore\uffe2\uff80\uff90space, and models of AMF\uffe2\uff80\uff90enhanced P\uffe2\uff80\uff90uptake are poorly validated.
We used synchrotron X\uffe2\uff80\uff90ray computed tomography to visualize mycorrhizas in soil and synchrotron X\uffe2\uff80\uff90ray fluorescence/X\uffe2\uff80\uff90ray absorption near edge structure (XRF/XANES) elemental mapping for P, sulphur (S) and aluminium (Al) in combination with modelling.
We found that AMF inoculation had a suppressive effect on colonisation by other soil fungi and identified differences in structure and growth rate between hyphae of AMF and nonmycorrhizal fungi. Our results showed that AMF co\uffe2\uff80\uff90locate with areas of high P and low Al, and preferentially associate with organic\uffe2\uff80\uff90type P species over Al\uffe2\uff80\uff90rich inorganic P.
We discovered that AMF avoid Al\uffe2\uff80\uff90rich areas as a source of P. Sulphur\uffe2\uff80\uff90rich regions were found to be correlated with higher hyphal density and an increased organic\uffe2\uff80\uff90associated P\uffe2\uff80\uff90pool, whilst oxidized S\uffe2\uff80\uff90species were found close to AMF hyphae. Increased S oxidation close to AMF suggested the observed changes were microbiome\uffe2\uff80\uff90related. Our experimentally\uffe2\uff80\uff90validated model led to an estimate of P\uffe2\uff80\uff90uptake by AMF hyphae that is an order of magnitude lower than rates previously estimated \uffe2\uff80\uff93 a result with significant implications for the modelling of plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93soil\uffe2\uff80\uff93AMF interactions.
10 yr, using open-top chambers, in Swedish Lapland. Root mass was estimated using soil cores. Washed roots were scanned and sorted into four diameter classes, for which variables including root mass (g dry matter (g DM) m(-2)), root length density (RLD; cm cm(-3) soil), specific root length (SRL; m g DM(-1)), specific root area (SRA; m2 kg DM(-1)), and number of root tips m(-2) were determined. Nitrification (NEA) and denitrification enzyme activity (DEA) in the top 10 cm of soil were measured. Soil warming shifted the rooting zone towards the upper soil organic layer in both plant communities. In the dry heath, warming increased SRL and SRA of the finest roots in both soil layers, whereas the dry meadow was unaffected. Neither NEA nor DEA exhibited differences attributable to warming. Tundra plants may respond to climate change by altering their root morphology and mass while microbial activity may be unaffected. This suggests that carbon may be incorporated in tundra soils partly as a result of increases in the mass of the finer roots if temperatures rise.", "keywords": ["Greenhouse Effect", "Sweden", "Arctic Regions", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Plants", "15. Life on land", "Plant Roots", "Ecosystem", "Soil Microbiology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2007.02231.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2007.02231.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2007.02231.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2007.02231.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-10-12T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02516.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-06-05", "title": "Co2enrichment Increases Carbon And Nitrogen Input From Fine Roots In A Deciduous Forest", "description": "* Greater fine-root production under elevated [CO2] may increase the input of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) to the soil profile because fine root populations turn over quickly in forested ecosystems. * Here, the effect of elevated [CO)] was assessed on root biomass and N inputs at several soil depths by combining a long-term minirhizotron dataset with continuous, root-specific measurements of root mass and [N]. The experiment was conducted in a CO(2)-enriched sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua) plantation. * CO2) enrichment had no effect on root tissue density or [N] within a given diameter class. Root biomass production and standing crop were doubled under elevated [CO2]. Though fine-root turnover declined under elevated [CO2], fine-root mortality was also nearly doubled under CO2 enrichment. Over 9 yr, root mortality resulted in 681 g m(-2) of extra C and 9 g m(-2) of extra N input to the soil system under elevated [CO2]. At least half of these inputs were below 30 cm soil depth. * Increased C and N input to the soil under CO2 enrichment, especially below 30 cm depth, might alter soil C storage and N mineralization. Future research should focus on quantifying root decomposition dynamics and C and N mineralization deeper in the soil.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "Nitrogen", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "Plant Roots", "01 natural sciences", "Carbon", "Trees", "Soil", "Liquidambar", "North America", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Biomass"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02516.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02516.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02516.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02516.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-07-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1134/s1064229310020067", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:31Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-02-19", "title": "Carbon Dioxide Emissions From Agrogray Soils Under Climate Changes", "description": "The effect of droughts and drying-wetting cycles on the respiration activity of agrogray soils was studied in field and laboratory experiments. The alternation of drought periods and rains during the vegetation season did not increase the annual emission of CO2 from the soils under a sown meadow and an agrocenosis. In laboratory experiments, the wetting of dried soil released 1\u20131.5% of Corg with a high decomposition constant n \u00d7 10\u22121 day\u22121 and a very short renewal time (2.1\u20132.4 days); therefore, an abrupt change in the wetting conditions did not intensify the loss of soil carbon under field conditions.", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1134/s1064229310020067"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Eurasian%20Soil%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1134/s1064229310020067", "name": "item", "description": "10.1134/s1064229310020067", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1134/s1064229310020067"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1747-0765.2005.tb00046.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:19Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-06-26", "title": "Applying The Rothamsted Carbon Model For Long-Term Experiments On Japanese Paddy Soils And Modifying It By Simple Mining Of The Decomposition Rate", "description": "We applied the Rothamsted Carbon Model (RothC), which was developed for simulating the soil organic carbon (SOC) turnover in non-waterlogged soils, for long-term experiments (16\u201322 years) on Japanese paddy soils and modified it to accurately simulate the changes in the content of SOC with time in paddy soils. The RothC underestimated the SOC content in all the nine plots at five sites: Gley Soils in Akita and Shimane, Gray Lowland Soils in Toyama and Mie, and Yellow Soil in Oita prefecture. This may be mainly due to the slow decomposition rate of organic matter during the rice-growing season, when submerged soils are waterlogged and subjected to anaerobic conditions. On the other hand, the decomposition of organic matter might be inhibited, not only during the submergence period but also throughout the year in paddy soils because of the difference in the composition of microorganisms between upland and paddy soils. Taking these possibilities of differences in the decomposition rate between upland soils an...", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-0765.2005.tb00046.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Science%20and%20Plant%20Nutrition", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1747-0765.2005.tb00046.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1747-0765.2005.tb00046.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1747-0765.2005.tb00046.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03613.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-01-19", "title": "Drought Alters Carbon Fluxes In Alpine Snowbed Ecosystems Through Contrasting Impacts On Graminoids And Forbs", "description": "\u2022 Climate change is predicted to increase the frequency of drought events in alpine ecosystems with the potential to affect carbon turnover. \u2022 We removed intact turfs from a Nardus stricta alpine snowbed community and subjected half of them to two drought events of 8 d duration under controlled conditions. Leachate dissolved organic carbon (DOC) was measured throughout the 6 wk study period, and a (13)CO(2) pulse enabled quantification of fluxes of recent assimilate into shoots, roots and leachate and ecosystem CO(2) exchange. \u2022 The amount of DOC in leachate from droughted cores was 62% less than in controls. Drought reduced graminoid biomass, increased forb biomass, had no effect on bryophytes, and led to an overall decrease in total above-ground biomass compared with controls. Net CO(2) exchange, gross photosynthesis and the amount of (13)CO(2) fixed were all significantly less in droughted turfs. These turfs also retained proportionally more (13)C in shoots, allocated less (13)C to roots, and the amount of dissolved organic (13)C recovered in leachate was 57% less than in controls. \u2022 Our data show that drought events can have significant impacts on ecosystem carbon fluxes, and that the principal mechanism behind this is probably changes in the relative abundance of forbs and grasses.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "leachate", "Carbon Isotopes", "Nardus stricta", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Plants", "15. Life on land", "net CO2 exchange", "dissolved organic carbon", "01 natural sciences", "plant diversity", "Carbon", "6. Clean water", "Droughts", "climate change", "13. Climate action", "Snow", "13CO(2)", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Biomass", "Organic Chemicals", "Ecosystem"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03613.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03613.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03613.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03613.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-01-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03776.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-06-08", "title": "Seven Years Of Carbon Dioxide Enrichment, Nitrogen Fertilization And Plant Diversity Influence Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi In A Grassland Ecosystem", "description": "\u2022 We tested the prediction that the abundance and diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are influenced by resource availability and plant community composition by examining the joint effects of carbon dioxide (CO(2) ) enrichment, nitrogen (N) fertilization and plant diversity on AM fungi. \u2022 We quantified AM fungal spores and extramatrical hyphae in 176 plots after 7 yr of treatment with all combinations of ambient or elevated CO(2) (368 or 560 ppm), with or without N fertilization (0 or 4 g Nm(-2) ), and one (monoculture) or 16 host plant species (polyculture) in the BioCON field experiment at Cedar Creek Ecosystem Science Reserve, Minnesota, USA. \u2022 Extramatrical hyphal lengths were increased by CO(2) enrichment, whereas AM spore abundance decreased with N fertilization. Spore abundance, morphotype richness and extramatrical hyphal lengths were all greater in monoculture plots. A structural equation model showed AM fungal biovolume was most influenced by CO(2) enrichment, plant community composition and plant richness, whereas spore richness was most influenced by fungal biovolume, plant community composition and plant richness. \u2022 Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi responded to differences in host community and resource availability, suggesting that mycorrhizal functions, such as carbon sequestration and soil stability, will be affected by global change.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Nitrogen", "Minnesota", "Hyphae", "Poaceae", "Models", " Biological", "01 natural sciences", "nitrogen", "Soil", "Mycorrhizae", "Biomass", "Fertilizers", "Ecosystem", "Soil Microbiology", "vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizas", "580", "2. Zero hunger", "grassland ecology", "grasslands", "carbon dioxide", "Biodiversity", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "Spores", " Fungal", "15. Life on land", "plant diversity", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Plant Shoots"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03776.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03776.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03776.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03776.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-06-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2002.tb00227.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-08-05", "title": "Simulating Soc Changes In Long-Term Experiments With Rothc And Century: Model Evaluation For A Regional Scale Application", "description": "Abstract. Predictive, regional use of soil organic matter (SOM) models requires evaluation of the performance of models with datasets from long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term experiments relevant to the scenarios of interest to the regional scale study, and relevant to the climate of the study region. Datasets from six long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term experiments were used to evaluate the performance of RothC and CENTURY, two of the most widely used and tested SOM models. Three types of model run were completed for each site: (1) CENTURY model alone; (2) RothC model run to fit measured SOC values, by iteratively adjusting C inputs to soil; and (3) RothC model run using C inputs derived from CENTURY runs. In general, the performance of both models was good across all datasets. The runs using RothC (iteratively changing C inputs to fit measured SOC values) tended to have the best fit to model data, since this method involved direct fitting to observed data. Carbon inputs estimated by RothC were, in general, lower than those estimated by CENTURY, since SOC in CENTURY tends to turn over faster than SOC in RothC. The runs using RothC with CENTURY C inputs tended to have the poorest fit of all, since CENTURY predicted greater C inputs than were required by RothC to maintain the same SOC content. A plausible model fit to measured SOC data may be obtained with widely differing C input values, due to differences in predicted decomposition rates between models. It remains unclear which, if either, modelling approach most closely represents reality since both C inputs to soil and decomposition rates for bulk SOM are difficult to determine experimentally. Further progress in SOM modelling can only be the result of research leading to better process understanding, both of net C inputs to soil and of SOM decomposition rates. \uffe2\uff80\uff83The use of default methods for estimating initial SOC pools in RothC and CENTURY may not always be appropriate and may require adjustment for specific sites. The simulations presented here also suggest details of SOC dynamics not shown by available measured data, especially trends between sampling intervals, and this emphasizes the importance of archived soil samples in long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term experiments.
", "keywords": ["Soil Science", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2002.tb00227.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Use%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2002.tb00227.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2002.tb00227.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2002.tb00227.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2002-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03293.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-05-10", "title": "Contrasting Effects Of Elevated Co2 And Warming On Nitrogen Cycling In A Semiarid Grassland", "description": "*Simulation models indicate that the nitrogen (N) cycle plays a key role in how other ecosystem processes such as plant productivity and carbon (C) sequestration respond to elevated CO(2) and warming. However, combined effects of elevated CO(2) and warming on N cycling have rarely been tested in the field. *Here, we studied N cycling under ambient and elevated CO(2) concentrations (600 micromol mol(-1)), and ambient and elevated temperature (1.5 : 3.0 degrees C warmer day:night) in a full factorial semiarid grassland field experiment in Wyoming, USA. We measured soil inorganic N, plant and microbial N pool sizes and NO(3)(-) uptake (using a (15)N tracer). *Soil inorganic N significantly decreased under elevated CO(2), probably because of increased microbial N immobilization, while soil inorganic N and plant N pool sizes significantly increased with warming, probably because of increased N supply. We observed no CO(2 )x warming interaction effects on soil inorganic N, N pool sizes or NO(3)(-) uptake in plants and microbes. *Our results indicate a more closed N cycle under elevated CO(2) and a more open N cycle with warming, which could affect long-term N retention, plant productivity, and C sequestration in this semiarid grassland.", "keywords": ["580", "2. Zero hunger", "Bacteria", "Nitrogen Isotopes", "Nitrogen", "Temperature", "Water", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "Poaceae", "Global Warming", "Plant Roots", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "Isotope Labeling", "XXXXXX - Unknown", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Biomass", "Desert Climate", "Plant Shoots"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03293.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03293.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03293.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03293.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-05-10T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03321.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-06-11", "title": "Belowground Carbon Allocation By Trees Drives Seasonal Patterns Of Extracellular Enzyme Activities By Altering Microbial Community Composition In A Beech Forest Soil", "description": "*Plant seasonal cycles alter carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) availability for soil microbes, which may affect microbial community composition and thus feed back on microbial decomposition of soil organic material and plant N availability. The temporal dynamics of these plant-soil interactions are, however, unclear. *Here, we experimentally manipulated the C and N availability in a beech forest through N fertilization or tree girdling and conducted a detailed analysis of the seasonal pattern of microbial community composition and decomposition processes over 2 yr. *We found a strong relationship between microbial community composition and enzyme activities over the seasonal course. Phenoloxidase and peroxidase activities were highest during late summer, whereas cellulase and protease peaked in late autumn. Girdling, and thus loss of mycorrhiza, resulted in an increase in soil organic matter-degrading enzymes and a decrease in cellulase and protease activity. *Temporal changes in enzyme activities suggest a switch of the main substrate for decomposition between summer (soil organic matter) and autumn (plant litter). Our results indicate that ectomycorrhizal fungi are possibly involved in autumn cellulase and protease activity. Our study shows that, through belowground C allocation, trees significantly alter soil microbial communities, which may affect seasonal patterns of decomposition processes.", "keywords": ["Nitrogen", "Climate", "Trees", "Soil", "Mycorrhizae", "401902 Soil science", "Fagus", "Biomass", "Phospholipids", "Soil Microbiology", "106022 Mikrobiologie", "Bacteria", "Research", "Temperature", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "401902 Bodenkunde", "Carbon", "Solubility", "106030 Pflanzen\u00f6kologie", "106022 Microbiology", "Regression Analysis", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "106030 Plant ecology", "Seasons", "Extracellular Space", "Biomarkers"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03321.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03321.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03321.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03321.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-07-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03722.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-04-20", "title": "Growth And Community Responses Of Alpine Dwarf Shrubs To In Situ Co2 Enrichment And Soil Warming", "description": "Summary \u2022Rising CO2 concentrations and the associated global warming are expected to have large impacts on high-elevation ecosystems, yet long-term multifactor experiments in these environments are rare. \u2022We investigated how growth of dominant dwarf shrub species (Vaccinium myrtillus, Vaccinium gaultherioides and Empetrum hermaphroditum) and community composition in the understorey of larch and pine trees responded to 9\u00a0yr of CO2 enrichment and 3\u00a0yr of soil warming at the treeline in the Swiss Alps. \u2022Vaccinium myrtillus was the only species that showed a clear positive effect of CO2 on growth, with no decline over time in the annual shoot growth response. Soil warming stimulated V. myrtillus growth even more than elevated CO2 and was accompanied by increased plant-available soil nitrogen (N) and leaf N concentrations. Growth of Vaccinium gaultherioides and E. hermaphroditum was not influenced by warming. Vascular plant species richness declined in elevated CO2 plots with larch, while the number of moss and lichen species decreased under warming. \u2022Ongoing environmental change could lead to less diverse plant communities and increased dominance of the particularly responsive V. myrtillus in the studied alpine treeline. These changes are the consequence of independent CO2 and soil warming effects, a result that should facilitate predictive modelling approaches.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03722.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03722.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03722.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03722.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-04-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2012.04050.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-01-31", "title": "Direct And Indirect Influences Of 8 Yr Of Nitrogen And Phosphorus Fertilization On Glomeromycota In An Alpine Meadow Ecosystem", "description": "We measured the influences of soil fertility and plant community composition on Glomeromycota, and tested the prediction of the functional equilibrium hypothesis that increased availability of soil resources will reduce the abundance of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. Communities of plants and AM fungi were measured in mixed roots and in Elymus nutans roots across an experimental fertilization gradient in an alpine meadow on the Tibetan Plateau. As predicted, fertilization reduced the abundance of Glomeromycota as well as the species richness of plants and AM fungi. The response of the glomeromycotan community was strongly linked to the plant community shift towards dominance by Elymus nutans. A reduction in the extraradical hyphae of AM fungi was associated with both the changes in soil factors and shifts in the plant community composition that were caused by fertilization. Our findings highlight the importance of soil fertility in regulating both plant and glomeromycotan communities, and emphasize that high fertilizer inputs can reduce the biodiversity of plants and AM fungi, and influence the sustainability of ecosystems.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Elymus", "Nitrogen", "Hyphae", "Phosphorus", "Biodiversity", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Spores", " Fungal", "15. Life on land", "Tibet", "Soil", "Species Specificity", "13. Climate action", "Mycorrhizae", "Linear Models", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Biomass", "Fertilizers", "Glomeromycota", "Ecosystem"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2012.04050.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2012.04050.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2012.04050.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2012.04050.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-01-31T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.1992.tb00906.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-02-02", "title": "Influence Of Land-Use On Soil Properties In A Forest Region Of Southern Nigeria", "description": "Abstract. To assess the effect of different land uses on soil properties, five land use types (fallow, Gmelina, arable, secondary forest and cocoa plots) on a sandy loam Alfisol (Typic Kandiudalf) were compared in terms of surface (0\uffe2\uff80\uff9315 cm) soil pH, exchangeable acidity, K, Ca and Mg, extractable P, total N, organic matter, gravimetric moisture, temperature and bulk density. There were significant differences (P\uffe2\uff89\uffa4 0.05\uffe2\uff80\uff90P\uffe2\uff89\uffa4 0.001) between the land use types for all the properties except exchangeable acidity and moisture. All the land use types differed significantly from each other in at least four properties. Fallow and secondary forest differed in nine properties, fallow and cocoa in seven and fallow and Gmelina in six. In terms of the number of properties with high variability (CV \uffe2\uff89\uffa5 35%), the order was arable, secondary forest and cocoa (4) > Gmelina (3) > fallow (1).
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "O. O. Eghaghara, A. O. Ogunkunle,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.1992.tb00906.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Use%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.1992.tb00906.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.1992.tb00906.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1475-2743.1992.tb00906.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1992-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.1994.tb00463.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-02-02", "title": "The Soil Condition Of Adjacent Bio-Dynamic And Conventionally Managed Dairy Pastures In Victoria, Australia", "description": "Abstract. Physical and chemical properties were compared during 1992 in adjacent bio\uffe2\uff80\uff90dynamic and conventionally managed Haploxeralfs under improved, summer\uffe2\uff80\uff90irrigated pastures in the Goulburn Valley of N.E. Victoria. Intensive dairy production has been practised on both the farms since the early 1950s, and aspects of the bio\uffe2\uff80\uff90dynamic method have been practised on one farm for the past 18 years. Particle\uffe2\uff80\uff90size analysis showed that the soil profiles of each field are derived from similar parent materials. The bio\uffe2\uff80\uff90dynamic soil had greater macro\uffe2\uff80\uff90porosity to a depth of at least 420 mm, lesser soil strength at 60, 120 and 200 mm, smaller dry bulk density values between 120 and 200 mm and larger organic matter content in the upper 50 mm. Volumetric soil water content measured along three transects to a depth of 1.4 m in the summer showed that the bio\uffe2\uff80\uff90dynamic field was drier at depths greater than 200 mm. After heavy rains during the winter, the conventionally managed soil had an air\uffe2\uff80\uff90filled porosity unfavourable for plant roots (2%) at 200 mm depth, whereas the bio\uffe2\uff80\uff90dynamic soil was marginal for root growth (7%). The more favourable physical and chemical properties in the bio\uffe2\uff80\uff90dynamic soil may be attributed to less grazing pressure, longer intervals between irrigations, use of the bio\uffe2\uff80\uff90dynamic horn\uffe2\uff80\uff90manure preparation, intermittent compost applications, less tractor traffic and the encouragement of taller pasture growth.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.1994.tb00463.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Use%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.1994.tb00463.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.1994.tb00463.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1475-2743.1994.tb00463.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1994-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00392.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:16Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-08-03", "title": "Experimental Assessment Of Runoff And Soil Erosion In An Olive Grove On A Vertic Soil In Southern Spain As Affected By Soil Management", "description": "Abstract.Three different management systems were compared in an olive grove on a Vertic soil, near the city of Cordoba, Spain. Rainfall, runoff and soil loss were recorded from experimental plots of 6\uffc3\uff9712 m for three years. Results indicated that the no\uffe2\uff80\uff90tillage system, which was kept weed\uffe2\uff80\uff90free with herbicides, gave the largest soil loss (8.5 t ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921) and average annual runoff coefficient (21.5%), due to increased soil compaction, particularly outside the canopy projection area. A system that used a grass cover gave the lowest soil losses (1.2 t ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921) and average annual runoff coefficient (2.5%) due to the protective effects of the cover and increased soil aggregate stability. The third system, conventional tillage, gave intermediate results, with a soil loss of 4.0 t ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921and an average runoff coefficient of 7.4%. The search for alternative soil management to conventional tillage should consider occasional light tillage to establish a grass cover that would keep both soil erosion and runoff losses to a minimum.
", "keywords": ["0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Juan Vicente Gir\u00e1ldez, Juan Vicente Gir\u00e1ldez, P. Romero, Jos\u00e9 A. G\u00f3mez, Elias Fereres, Elias Fereres,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00392.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Use%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00392.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00392.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00392.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.1990.tb00796.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-02-02", "title": "Effects Of Exotic Tree Plantations Of Teak (Tectona-Grandis) And Gmelina (Gmelina-Arborea) On A Forest Soil In South-Western Nigeria", "description": "Abstract. The properties of soil under 15\uffe2\uff80\uff90year\uffe2\uff80\uff90old plantations of gmelina (Gmelina arborea) and teak (Tectona grandis) were compared with logged forest soil in south\uffe2\uff80\uff90western Nigeria. The soil was significantly denser in the 0\uffe2\uff80\uff9310 cm layer of plantation soil and total porosity less than that of forest soil. Organic carbon was significantly greater in the 0\uffe2\uff80\uff9310 cm layer of forest soil. Similarly, the concentrations of total N, exchangeable Ca, Mg and K were greater under forest soil, but the concentrations of available P were similar under all three ecosystems. The smaller organic carbon and nutrient content of plantation soil is mainly due to its more open organic matter and nutrient cycles and nutrient immobilization in the fast\uffe2\uff80\uff90growing exotics.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "A. O. Aweto, K.D. Aborisade,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.1990.tb00796.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Use%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.1990.tb00796.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.1990.tb00796.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1475-2743.1990.tb00796.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1990-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.1994.tb00455.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-02-02", "title": "Carbon Storage And Other Properties Of Soils Under Agriculture And Natural Vegetation In Sao-Paulo State, Brazil", "description": "Abstract. Topsoil (0\uffe2\uff80\uff9320 cm) and subsoil (60\uffe2\uff80\uff93100 cm) properties are compared at agricultural and nearby natural vegetation sites in S\uffc3\uffa3o Paulo State. Differences are related to land use and climate, in order to estimate soil carbon storage under various ecosystems and also to study the effects of high\uffe2\uff80\uff90input agriculture on the chemical composition of soils with low activity clays. Within each land use, organic carbon in the topsoil is most strongly related to clay + silt content. This relationship is stronger for cropped, short savannah (cerrado) and tall savannah (cerrad\uffc3\uffa3o) sites than for semi\uffe2\uff80\uff90deciduous and evergreen forest sites. Losses of topsoil carbon with cropping can be predicted if the initial carbon and the clay+silt contents are known. The greatest carbon losses after long term cultivation occurred in forest mineral topsoils, ranging from 6% for perudic clayey soils to 37% for ustic sandy soils. No significant difference in carbon content was found between the paired savannah\uffe2\uff80\uff90cultivated sites. In most of the originally less fertile soils cation exchange capacity was greater in the cultivated topsoil (Ap) than in the topsoil under savannah or forest (A1), probably because of liming and phosphate fertilization. Most subsoils at agricultural sites show increases in exchangeable bases (mainly Ca) and base saturation, but no significant change in pH.
", "keywords": ["0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "I.F. Lepsch, J.B. Oliveira, J.R.F. Menk,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.1994.tb00455.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Use%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.1994.tb00455.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.1994.tb00455.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1475-2743.1994.tb00455.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1994-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.1995.tb00491.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-02-02", "title": "Effects Of Different Lime Application Rates And Time On Some Chemical-Properties Of An Acid Soil In Ghana", "description": "Abstract. Finely ground calcium carbonate was applied at six rates (0\uffe2\uff80\uff937.0 t/ha) to samples from four depths of an acid tropical soil (Oxisol). The mixtures were kept moist and maintained at 18 \uffc2\uffb0C for a period of 30 days. There was a significant increase (> 28%) in soil pH at all the sampling depths. Extractable P also increased significantly (> 90%). Significant positive correlations between pH, extractable P and liming rate were obtained (r > 0.9, P= 0.01). The effect of time was significant only on the 10th day after liming, when soil pH had stabilized. Exchangeable Al was completely eliminated on the 5th day after liming, when most of the soil samples had pH values > 5.0. The results clearly indicate that liming, as a management practice, could be used to alleviate or prevent acidification of Oxisols like the soil studied.
", "keywords": ["0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "B.A. Osei", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.1995.tb00491.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Use%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.1995.tb00491.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.1995.tb00491.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1475-2743.1995.tb00491.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1995-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2000.tb00190.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-08-05", "title": "Residual Tillage And Bush-Fallow Effects On Soil Properties And Maize Intercropped With Legumes On A Tropical Alfisol", "description": "Abstract. After six years of bush\uffe2\uff80\uff90fallow, residual effects on soil productivity of tillage practices prior to the fallow were investigated on an Alfisol in south western Nigeria. In 1996 fallow was followed by maize intercropped with cover crops of Pueraria phaseoloides, Mucuna pruriens or cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) and no intercrop. Parameters measured included soil properties, ground cover, crop growth and yield, rainfall erosivity, runoff and soil loss.
In spite of six\uffe2\uff80\uff90years of bush\uffe2\uff80\uff90fallow and establishment of cover crops, soil erosion was significantly greater on plots that had been conventionally cultivated previously using disc ploughs, harrows and mechanical rotovators (1.78\uffe2\uff80\uff83t\uffe2\uff80\uff83ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921season\uffe2\uff88\uff921) compared to previously no\uffe2\uff80\uff90till plots (1.34\uffe2\uff80\uff83t\uffe2\uff80\uff83ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921season\uffe2\uff88\uff921). Crop growth and yields were least and soil loss greatest (2.83\uffe2\uff80\uff83t\uffe2\uff80\uff83ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921season\uffe2\uff88\uff921) on the previous bare plot.
Maize grain yield was highest using Pueraria phaseoloides as an intercrop (2.15\uffe2\uff80\uff83t\uffe2\uff80\uff83ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921) followed by a cowpea intercrop (1.92\uffe2\uff80\uff83t\uffe2\uff80\uff83ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921), maize without intercrop (1.87\uffe2\uff80\uff83t\uffe2\uff80\uff83ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921) and Mucuna pruriens intercrop (1.71\uffe2\uff80\uff83t\uffe2\uff80\uff83ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921). The maize grain yields reflected levels of competition from the cover crops. Cowpea\uffe2\uff80\uff93maize intercrop may be most suitable for farmers because maize yields were satisfactory and cowpea grain serves as additional subsistence. Cowpea yields were 390\uffe2\uff80\uff83kg\uffe2\uff80\uff83ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921. Soil erosion was also moderate using cowpea as an intercrop (1.71\uffe2\uff80\uff83t\uffe2\uff80\uff83ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921season\uffe2\uff88\uff921). However, Pueraria phaseoloides gave the best erosion control with a soil loss of 1.34\uffe2\uff80\uff83t\uffe2\uff80\uff83ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921season\uffe2\uff88\uff921.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "F. K. Salako, Gunnar Kirchhof,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2000.tb00190.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Use%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2000.tb00190.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2000.tb00190.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2000.tb00190.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2000-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.1997.tb00572.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-02-02", "title": "Amelioration Of A Degraded Oxic Paleustalf By Leguminous And Natural Fallows", "description": "Abstract. The restorative ability of herbaceous (Psophocarpus palustris, Pueraria phaseoloides) and woody (Leucaena leucocephala, Senna siamea, Acacia leptocarpa, Acacia auriculiformis) legume species and of natural regrowth was studied on an eroded and compacted Oxic Paleustalf in southwestern Nigeria. Compared to the control treatment that was continuously cropped for 15 years, four years of fallowing significantly improved test crop yields. However, fallowing with the above species did not substantially improve soil properties, particularly soil bulk density. A longer fallow period may be needed to amend soil physical conditions of this degraded Alfisol. Soil chemical properties were greatly improved following land clearing and plant biomass burning in 1993. However, the residual effect of burning on soil fertility was insignificant in the second cropping year. Among the fallow species, P. palustris and natural fallow showed the best residual effect on test crop performance. Despite the high biomass and nutrient yields of S. siamea and A. auriculiformis, test crop yields on these plots were low due to the border effects from the uncleared and fallowed subplots.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "soil fertility", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "leucaena", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Kang, B.T., Salako, F.K., Akobundu, I.O., Pleysier, J.L., Chianu, J.N.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.1997.tb00572.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Use%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.1997.tb00572.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.1997.tb00572.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1475-2743.1997.tb00572.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1997-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2001.tb00006.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-08-06", "title": "Improvement Of The Physical Fertility Of A Degraded Alfisol With Planted And Natural Fallows Under Humid Tropical Conditions", "description": "Abstract. Topsoil (0\uffe2\uff80\uff9315 cm) bulk density, aggregate stability, soil dispersibility, water retention and infiltration were measured between 1989 and 1996 on an Alfisol under rehabilitation in southwestern Nigeria. The planted leguminous species were Pueraria phaseoloides, Senna siamea, Leucaena leucocephala, Acacia leptocarpa and A. auriculiformis. Also, plots with natural fallow and maize/cassava intercropping were included. Level (minimum) and mound tillage with hoes was adopted for the cultivated areas under study after 4 and 6 year fallow periods. Under fallow, the soil bulk density decreased from1.56 to 1.11 t m73.The continuously cropped treatment (level tillage) had significantly higher bulk density than the fallowed subplots after 6 years. Mean soil penetrometer resistance ranged from 75 to 157 kPa for fallowed plots and from 192 to 295 kPa for the continuously cropped (level tillage) subplot. Surface soilwater contentswere similar for all the treatments during the soil strength measurements. Although soil aggregates were generally of low stability and not well formed, they were improved by fallowing.
Soil structural improvement by planted fallows was similar to that by natural fallow, but the trees were more promising for long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term fallow (>6 years) than the herbaceous P. phaseoloides. However, the improvement in soil structure after 4 or 6 year fallow could not be maintained in subsequent cropping. Furthermore, the significant improvement in soil bulk density caused by A. auriculiformis and natural fallow was more rapidly lost on the cultivated subplots compared with other fallow treatments. Thus, soil structure recovery under a fallow does not imply a sustained improvement when stress is applied to this soil. Post\uffe2\uff80\uff90fallow soil management options such as residue incorporation and tillage to ameliorate compaction or soil strength will be necessary to enhance the improvements by fallow species.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "fallow", "soil fertility", "legumes", "soil physical properties", "pollution", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "alfisols", "trees", "humid tropics", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Salako, F., Hauser, S., Babalola, O., Tian, G.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2001.tb00006.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Use%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2001.tb00006.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2001.tb00006.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2001.tb00006.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2001-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2002.tb00049.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-08-03", "title": "Overgrazing Effects On Vegetation Cover And Properties Of Volcanic Ash Soil In The P\u00e1ramo Of Llangahua And La Esperanza (Tungurahua, Ecuador)", "description": "Abstract. The p\uffc3\uffa1ramo is a high\uffe2\uff80\uff90altitude ecosystem of the northern Andes. The vegetation is continuous, with grasses as the dominant groundcover. Because of their high water retention, p\uffc3\uffa1ramos play a fundamental role in water availability for all the population of the inter\uffe2\uff80\uff90Andean valleys. There are many studies of this specific ecosystem, but very few are focussed on overgrazing and its effect on vegetation and soil properties. Intensive grazing started less than 20 years ago and was studied in a representative area in the western Cordillera of central Ecuador covered by recent volcanic ash deposits. Intensive sheep grazing has led to a strong decline in the number of plant species, the replacement of the tussock grass vegetation by a short carpet grass vegetation, and an increase of bare land. In that area, the upper 50 cm of Andisols are deeply affected by a convergent decrease of Al and Fe oxalate and pyrophosphate in soil extracts, carbon contents decrease from 100 g kg\uffe2\uff80\uff931 to less than 50 g kg\uffe2\uff80\uff931 in the humid zone, from 70 to 40 g kg\uffe2\uff80\uff931 in the dry zone and a reduction of water\uffe2\uff80\uff90retention capacity at \uffe2\uff88\uff9233 kPa matrix potential from 800 g kg\uffe2\uff80\uff931 to 200 g kg\uffe2\uff80\uff931 in humid zones, from 350 to less than 100 g kg\uffe2\uff80\uff931 in drier areas. They showed also a decrease in the macrostructure and the development of a highly water repellent microstructure. All these important transformations favour the development of aeolian erosion in dry areas, runoff on bare surfaces, and gully erosion on slopes. The role of the p\uffc3\uffa1ramo in water\uffe2\uff80\uff90regulation of this ecosystem seems to have been adversely affected for the future.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "550", "COUVERT VEGETAL", "SOL", "EROSION", "HUMIDITE DU SOL", "PATURAGE", "CENDRE VOLCANIQUE", "DIVERSITE SPECIFIQUE", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "CARBONE", "STRUCTURE DU SOL", "CAPACITE D'ECHANGE CATIONIQUE", "SUREXPLOITATION", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "DEGRADATION DU SOL", "IMPACT SUR L'ENVIRONNEMENT"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2002.tb00049.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Use%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2002.tb00049.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2002.tb00049.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2002.tb00049.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2002-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2002.tb00267.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-08-06", "title": "Nitrate Leaching From Organic Farms And Conventional Farms Following Best Practice", "description": "Abstract. This paper compares nitrate leaching losses from organic farms, which depended on legumes for their nitrogen inputs (66 site years) with those from conventional farms using fertilizers under similar cropping and climatic conditions (188 site years). The conventional farms were within Nitrate Sensitive Areas in England, but sites following special practices associated with that scheme were excluded. Nitrate losses during the organic ley phase (including the winter of ploughing out) were similar (45 kg N ha\uffe2\uff80\uff931) to those from conventional long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term grass receiving fertilizer N inputs of less than 200 kg N ha\uffe2\uff80\uff931 (44 kg N ha\uffe2\uff80\uff931) and from the grass phase of conventional ley\uffe2\uff80\uff90arable rotations (50 kg N ha\uffe2\uff80\uff931). Losses from conventional grass receiving higher N inputs were greater than from organic or less intensive grass. Nitrate losses following arable crops averaged 47 and 58 kg N ha\uffe2\uff80\uff931 for the organic and conventional systems respectively, with part of the difference being due to the greater proportion of non\uffe2\uff80\uff90cereal break crops in the latter. Thus under similar cropping, losses from organic systems are similar to or slightly smaller than those from conventional farms following best practice.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "C. Stopes, L. Woodward, L. Philipps, E.I. Lord,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2002.tb00267.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Use%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2002.tb00267.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2002.tb00267.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2002.tb00267.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2002-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00395.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:16Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-08-06", "title": "Impact Of Pig Slurry On Soil Properties, Water Salinization, Nitrate Leaching And Crop Yield In A Four-Year Experiment In Central Spain", "description": "Abstract. The repeated application of pig slurry to agricultural soils may result in an accumulation of salts and a risk of aquifer pollution due to nitrate leaching and salinization. Under Mediterranean conditions, a field experiment on a sandy loam soil (Typic Xerofluvent) was performed with maize (Zea mays) in 1998, 1999 and 2001 to study the effects of applying optimal (P1) and excessive rates (P3) of pig slurry on soil salinization, nitrate leaching and groundwater pollution. The rate of pig slurry was established considering the optimal N rate for maize in this soil (170, 162 and 176 kg N ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 for 1998, 1999 and 2001, respectively). Pig slurry treatments were compared to an optimal N rate supplied as urea (U) and a control treatment without N fertilizer (P0). The composition of the slurries showed great variability between years. Mean NO3\uffe2\uff88\uff92 leaching losses from 1998 to 2001 were 329, 215, 173 and 78 kg N ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 for P3, P1, U and P0 treatments, respectively. The amount of total dissolved salts (TDS) added to the soil in slurry application between 1998 and 2001 was 2019 kg TDS ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 for the P1 treatment and 6058 kg TDS ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 for the P3 treatment. As a consequence, the electrical conductivity (EC) of the slurry\uffe2\uff80\uff90treated soils was greater than that of the control soil. The EC correlated significantly with the sodium concentration of the soil solution. Over the entire experimental period, 2653, 2202 and 2110 kg Na ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 entered the aquifer from the P3, P1 and P0 treatments, respectively. The P3 treatment did not significantly increase grain production in 1999 and 2001 compared with that achieved with the optimal N rate treatment (P1). This behaviour shows the importance of establishing application guidelines for pig slurry that will reduce the risk of soil and groundwater pollution.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Soil salinity", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Nitrate", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Maize", "13. Climate action", "Leaching", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Aquifer pollution", "Irrigation", "Pig slurry", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00395.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Use%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00395.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00395.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00395.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2002.tb00265.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-08-06", "title": "Managing Soil Fertility In Organic Farming Systems", "description": "Abstract.Complex relationships exist between different components of the organic farm and the quantity and quality of the end products depend on the functioning of the whole system. As such, it is very difficult to isolate soil fertility from production and environmental aspects of the system. Crop rotation is the central tool that integrates the maintenance and development of soil fertility with different aspects of crop and livestock production in organic systems. Nutrient supply to crops depends on the use of legumes to add nitrogen to the system and limited inputs of supplementary nutrients, added in acceptable forms. Manures and crop residues are carefully managed to recycle nutrients around the farm. Management of soil organic matter, primarily through the use of short\uffe2\uff80\uff90term leys, helps ensure good soil structure and biological activity, important for nutrient supply, health and productivity of both crops and livestock. Carefully planned diverse rotations help reduce the incidence of pests and diseases and allow for cultural methods of weed control. As a result of the complex interactions between different system components, fertility management in organic farming relies on a long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term integrated approach rather than the more short\uffe2\uff80\uff90term very targeted solutions common in conventional agriculture.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Production systems", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Soil quality"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2002.tb00265.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Use%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2002.tb00265.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2002.tb00265.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2002.tb00265.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2002-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2003.tb00294.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-08-06", "title": "Long-Term Changes In Soil Organic Matter Under Conventional Tillage And No-Tillage Systems In Semiarid Morocco", "description": "Abstract. A no\uffe2\uff80\uff90tillage (NT) system was developed in semiarid Morocco to improve the soil fertility and stabilize yield through conservation of water. Results in two long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term trials (4 and 11 years) were able to show the effects of a no\uffe2\uff80\uff90tillage system in increasing total soil organic matter and total nitrogen. Over time, the quality of the NT soil surface was improved compared with that under conventional tillage (CT) with disc harrows. This effect was the result of an increase in soil organic carbon (SOC) and a slight decline in pH. However, over time, nitrogen decreased in both tillage practices, especially in the 0\uffe2\uff80\uff9325 mm layer (from 0.59 to 0.57 t ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 and from 0.44 to 0.42 t ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 under NT and CT, respectively). After 4 years of NT an extra 5.62 t ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 of SOC was sequestered in the 0\uffe2\uff80\uff9325 mm layer, and after 11 years the SOC increased further to 7.21 t ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2003.tb00294.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Use%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2003.tb00294.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2003.tb00294.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2003.tb00294.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2003-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2003.tb00305.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-10-02", "title": "The Effect Of Hedgerows On Soil Organic Carbon Storage In Hillslopes", "description": "Abstract. The Bocage in the western part of Europe is an ancient rural landscape characterized by a network of hedgerows. The system studied here consists of hedges growing on earth and stone banks, which are found in the Armorican Massif (western France). Seven sites were analysed, which represented a large, but not complete, set of situations. We investigated the influence of hedges parallel to contour lines on soil characteristics, soil profile morphology and carbon storage at the hillslope scale. The analysis is based on a morphological description of the soil catena from the top of the hill to downslope of the hedge, and on measurements of bulk density and organic carbon in different soil profiles on the slopes. The results show that thickness of the organic horizon increases slowly from the top of the hill as far as the hedge, whereas under the hedge the bulk density is low and the soil organic carbon (SOC) storage large. Two effects of the hedges on SOC storage are apparent, namely, a local effect under the hedge, due to tree activity, and an anti\uffe2\uff80\uff90erosive effect at the hillslope scale. A rough approximation based on these data assessed the fraction of SOC storage attributed to the hedge network of between 13 and 38% of the total carbon stock.
", "keywords": ["statistical method", "organic carbon", "massif armoricain", "stockage", "\u00e9rosion", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "[SDV.SA.SDS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "hedge", "densit\u00e9 en place", "15. Life on land", "TENEUR EN CARBONE DU SOL", "bocage", "horizon", "storage", "carbone organique", "soil organic matter", "armorican massif", "m\u00e9thode statistique", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "haie", "[SDV.SA.SDS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "mati\u00e8re organique du sol"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2003.tb00305.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Use%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2003.tb00305.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2003.tb00305.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2003.tb00305.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2003-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1139/as-2021-0057", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:32Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-07-19", "title": "Current efforts on microplastic monitoring in Arctic fish and how to proceed", "description": "In this review, we investigated published data on the occurrence of microplastic in Arctic fish, and the suitability of the data and species for risk assessment and monitoring. As of 11 November 2021, we found nine studies in the peer-reviewed literature, one thesis and one report, confirming the occurrence of microplastic in fishes from multiple Arctic regions. The studies varied in methodology, detection, and quantification limitations, reported categories of size, shape, and chemical identity. All these factors influence the numbers of microplastic reported, thus limiting comparability and hindering integrative analysis. The physiological impacts of the reported microplastic contamination cannot be determined, as all studies targeted stomach/intestine contents and did not use methods with limits of detection low enough to determine particle translocation from the intestine to other organs, tissues, or body fluids within the fish. Furthermore, there is a fundamental lack of understanding the transfer and the effects of plastic additives to Arctic fishes. In addition to discussing methodological challenges and knowledge gaps, we consider ecosystem needs, commercial interests, Indigenous people\uffe2\uff80\uff99s subsistence, food safety and food sovereignty concerns, and developed a framework to harmonize and facilitate pan-Arctic microplastic monitoring.
", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "570", "Environmental engineering", "Environmental pollutants in the Arctic", "01 natural sciences", "VDP::Mathematics and natural scienses: 400", "03 medical and health sciences", "Arctic", "GE1-350", "14. Life underwater", "VDP::Matematikk og naturvitenskap: 400", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "fish", "Fiskeri", "0303 health sciences", "Microplastic", "TA170-171", "Microplast", "Environmental sciences", "monitoring", ":Matematikk og naturvitenskap: 400 [VDP]", ":Mathematics and natural scienses: 400 [VDP]", "Fishery", "13. Climate action", "Milj\u00f8gifter i Arktis", "microplastic"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://cdnsciencepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1139/as-2021-0057"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/as-2021-0057"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Arctic%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1139/as-2021-0057", "name": "item", "description": "10.1139/as-2021-0057", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1139/as-2021-0057"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2003.tb00297.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-08-05", "title": "Effects Of Organic Versus Conventional Arable Farming On Soil Structure And Organic Matter Dynamics In A Marine Loam In The Netherlands", "description": "Abstract. We compared the effects of conventional and organic arable farming on soil organic matter (SOM) content, soil structure, aggregate stability and C and N mineralization, which are considered important factors in defining sustainable land management. Within one soil series, three different farming systems were selected, including a conventional and an organic arable system and permanent pasture without tillage. The old pasture represents optimal conditions in terms of soil structure and organic matter inputs and is characterized by high earthworm activity. More than 70 years of different management has caused significant differences in soil properties. SOM content, mineralization, earthworm activity and water\uffe2\uff80\uff90stable aggregation decreased as a result of tillage and arable cropping when compared with pasture, but were significantly greater under organic farming than under conventional farming. Total SOM contents between 0 and 20 cm depth amounted to 15, 24 and 46 g kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921 for the conventional arable, organic arable and permanent pasture fields, respectively. Although less sensitive to slaking than the conventionally managed field, the soil under organic farming was susceptible to compaction when high pressures were exerted on the soil under wet conditions. The beneficial effects of organic farming are generally associated with soil biochemical properties, but soil physical aspects should also be considered. Depending on soil type and climate, organic farmers need to be careful not to destroy the soil structure, so that they can enjoy maximum advantage from their organic farming systems.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "aggregation", "netherlands", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "arable farming", "fertilizer", "loam soils", "populations", "6. Clean water", "land", "cultivation", "13. Climate action", "organic farming", "manure", "soil organic matter", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "compaction", "soil structure", "earthworm activity", "silt loam", "management"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2003.tb00297.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Use%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2003.tb00297.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2003.tb00297.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2003.tb00297.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2003-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2003.tb00311.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-06-08", "title": "Effect Of No-Tillage On Turnover Of Organic Matter In A Rhodic Ferralsol", "description": "Abstract. Soil organic matter (SOM) is considered to be key to sustainability of agriculture in the tropics. In southern Brazil, no\uffe2\uff80\uff90tillage has been adopted widely to control soil erosion, but its impact on the dynamics of SOM is not well established. We measured soil carbon (C) and \uffce\uffb413C in two crop rotations, one of which contained C4 maize (Zea mays L.), after 21 years of contrasting tillage (conventional tillage versus no\uffe2\uff80\uff90tillage). Adjacent sites that reflected historic land\uffe2\uff80\uff90uses were also sampled. In the tillage experiment there was no effect of tillage on the total amount of C in the 0\uffe2\uff80\uff9340 cm profile (even when contrasting bulk density was accounted for), and the concentration of C differed only in the 0\uffe2\uff80\uff935 cm and 5\uffe2\uff80\uff9310 cm layers. However, the occasional input of C4 material in the maize rotation resulted in a significant effect of rotation on \uffce\uffb413C (P <0.001). Using 13C as a tracer for the SOM formed since the start of the experiment, we estimated the abundance of \uffe2\uff80\uff98recent\uffe2\uff80\uff99 and \uffe2\uff80\uff98old\uffe2\uff80\uff99 C within each depth interval. We found the main effect of tillage was to increase the medium\uffe2\uff80\uff90term turnover of SOM, particularly in the subsoil (i.e. below 20 cm depth). Compared with no\uffe2\uff80\uff90tillage, there was almost five times more recent C in the subsoil, and 20% more recent C in the 0\uffe2\uff80\uff9340 cm profile as a whole.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Soil Science", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2003.tb00311.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Use%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2003.tb00311.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2003.tb00311.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2003.tb00311.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2003-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00363.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-08-05", "title": "Effect Of A Legume Cover Crop (Mucuna Pruriens Var. Utilis) On Soil Carbon In An Ultisol Under Maize Cultivation In Southern Benin", "description": "Abstract. Long term fallow is no longer possible in densely populated tropical areas, but legume cover crops can help maintain soil fertility. Our work aimed to study changes in soil carbon in a sandy loam Ultisol in Benin, which involved a 12\uffe2\uff80\uff90year experiment on three maize cropping systems under manual tillage: traditional no\uffe2\uff80\uff90input cultivation (T), mineral fertilized cultivation (NPK), and association with Mucuna pruriens (M). The origin of soil carbon was also determined through the natural abundance of soil and biomass 13C. In T, NPK and M changes in soil carbon at 0\uffe2\uff80\uff9340 cm were \uffe2\uff88\uff920.2, +0.2 and +1.3 t C ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921, with residue carbon amounting to 3.5, 6.4 and 10.0 t C ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921, respectively. After 12 years of experimentation, carbon originating from maize in litter\uffe2\uff80\uff90plus\uffe2\uff80\uff90soil (0\uffe2\uff80\uff9340 cm) represented less than 4% of both total carbon and overall maize residue carbon. In contrast, carbon originating from mucuna in litter\uffe2\uff80\uff90plus\uffe2\uff80\uff90soil represented more than 50% of both total carbon and overall mucuna residue carbon in M, possibly due to accelerated mineralization of native soil carbon (priming effect) and slow mulch decomposition. Carbon originating from weeds in litter\uffe2\uff80\uff90plus\uffe2\uff80\uff90soil represented c. 10% of both total carbon and overall weed residue carbon in T and NPK. Thus mucuna mulch was very effective in promoting carbon sequestration in the soil studied.
", "keywords": ["Soil nutrients", "Carbon sequestration", "13C natural abundance", "[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "Soil management", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7170", "Npk", "SOL CULTIVE", "F08 - Syst\u00e8mes et modes de culture", "Soil fertility", "Zea mays", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_875", "630", "plante de couverture", "Legume cover crops", "Benin", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1301", "legume cover crop", "Mucuna pruriens", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4971", "ANALYSE STATISTIQUE", "580", "LEGUMINEUSE TROPICALE", "Acrisol", "2. Zero hunger", "Tropical zones", "mucuna", "BIOMASSE", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1936", "P35 - Fertilit\u00e9 du sol", "Green manure crops", "RESIDU VEGETAL", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_101", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Mucuna", "Soil carbon", "CARBONE ORGANIQUE", "soil organic carbon", "STOCK ORGANIQUE", "fertilit\u00e9 du sol", "MAIS", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8504", "Farm/Enterprise Scale", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "FERTILISATION DU SOL", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "carbone"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00363.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Use%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00363.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00363.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00363.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00393.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:16Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-08-06", "title": "Yields Of Wheat And Soil Carbon And Nitrogen Contents Following Long-Term Incorporation Of Barley Straw And Ryegrass Catch Crops", "description": "Abstract. Three successive crops of winter wheat were grown on a sandy loam to test the residual effect of long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term annual incorporation of spring barley straw at rates of 0, 4, 8 and 12 t ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921, and ryegrass catch crops with or without additions of pig slurry. Soil receiving 4, 8 and 12 t ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 of straw annually for 18 years contained 12, 21 and 30% more carbon (C), respectively, than soil with straw removal, and soil C and nitrogen (N) contents increased linearly with straw rate. The soil retained 14% of the straw C and 37% of the straw N. Ryegrass catch\uffe2\uff80\uff90cropping for 10 years also increased soil C and N concentrations, whereas the effect of pig slurry was insignificant. Grain yield in the first wheat crop showed an average dry matter (DM) increase of 0.7 t ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 after treatment with 8 and 12 t straw ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921. In the two subsequent wheat crops, grain yield increased by 0.2\uffe2\uff80\uff930.3 t DM ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 after 8 and 12 t straw ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921. No grain yield increases were found after 4 t straw ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 in any of the three years. Previous ryegrass catch crops increased yields of wheat grain, but effects in the third wheat crop were significant only where ryegrass had been combined with pig slurry. Straw incorporation increased the N offtake in the first wheat crop. In the second crop, only 8 and 12 t straw ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 improved wheat N offtake, while the N offtake in the third wheat crop was unaffected. Ryegrass catch crops increased N offtake in the first and second wheat crop. Again, a positive effect in the third crop was seen only when ryegrass was combined with slurry. Long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term, annual incorporation of straw and ryegrass catch crops provided a clear and relatively persistent increase in soil organic matter levels, whereas the positive effects on the yield of subsequent wheat crops were modest and transient.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Thomsen, Ingrid Kaag, Christensen, Bent Tolstrup,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00393.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Use%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00393.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00393.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00393.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2005.00006.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:16Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-02-06", "title": "Long-Term Effects Of Recommended Management Practices On Soil Carbon Changes And Sequestration In North-Eastern Italy", "description": "AbstractManagement practices can have significant implications for both soil quality and carbon (C) sequestration potential in agricultural soils. Data from two long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term trials (one at field scale and the other at lysimeter scale), underway in north\uffe2\uff80\uff90eastern Italy, were used to evaluate the dynamics of soil organic carbon (SOC) and estimate the impact of recommended management practices (RMPs) on soil carbon sequestration. Potential SOC sequestration was calculated as the differences between the change in SOC of treatments differing only for the specified RMP for a period of at least 25\uffe2\uff80\uff83years. The trials compared the following situations: (a) improved crop rotations versus monoculture; (b) grass versus improved crop rotations; (c) residue incorporation versus residue removal; (d) high versus low rates of inorganic fertilizers; (e) integrated nutrient management/organic manures versus inorganic fertilizers. At the lysimeter scale, some of these treatments were evaluated in different soils. A general decrease in SOC (1.1\uffe2\uff80\uff83t\uffe2\uff80\uff83C\uffe2\uff80\uff83ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffe2\uff80\uff83year\uffe2\uff88\uff921) was observed after the introduction of intensive soil tillage, evidencing both the worsening of soil quality and the contribution towards global CO2emissions. Initial SOC content was maintained only in permanent grassland, complex rotations and/or with the use of large quantities of livestock manure. SOC sequestration reached a maximum rate of 0.4\uffe2\uff80\uff83t\uffe2\uff80\uff83C\uffe2\uff80\uff83ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffe2\uff80\uff83year\uffe2\uff88\uff921comparing permanent grassland with an improved crop rotation. Crop residue incorporation and rates of inorganic fertilizer had less effect on SOC sequestration (0.10 and 0.038\uffe2\uff80\uff83t\uffe2\uff80\uff83C\uffe2\uff80\uff83ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffe2\uff80\uff83year\uffe2\uff88\uff921, respectively). The lysimeter experiment highlighted also the interaction between RMPs and soil type. Peaty soil tended to be a source of C independent of the amount and quality of C input, whereas a proper choice of tillage practices and organic manures enhanced SOC sequestration in a sandy soil. The most promising RMPs in the Veneto region are, therefore, conversion to grassland and use of organic manures. Although some of these RMPs are already supported by the Veneto Region Rural Development Plan, their more intensive and widespread implementation requires additional incentives to become economically feasible.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "long-term", "Italy", "Soil carbon; carbon sequestration; Long-term experiment; soil management", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Soil carbon", "carbon sequestration", "management", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2005.00006.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Use%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2005.00006.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2005.00006.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2005.00006.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-02-06T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2005.tb00123.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:16Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-08-05", "title": "Nitrate Leaching From Organic Arable Crop Rotations: Effects Of Location, Manure And Catch Crop", "description": "Nitrate leaching from crop rotations supporting organic grain production was investigated from 1997 to 2000 in a field experiment at three locations in Denmark on different soil types. Three experimental factors were included in the experiment in a factorial design: (1) proportion of N2-fixing crops in the rotation (crop rotation), (2) catch crop (with and without), and (3) manure (with and without). Three, four-course rotations were compared, two at each location. The nitrate leaching was measured using ceramic suction cells. Leaching losses from the crop rotation with grass\u2013clover green manure and without catch crops were 104, 54 and 35 kgNha21 yr21 on the coarse sand, the loamy sand, and the sandy loam, respectively. There was no effect of manure application or time of ploughing-in the grass\u2013clover green manure crop on the accumulated nitrate leaching from the entire rotation. Catch crops reduced nitrate leaching significantly, by 30\u201338%, on the sandy soils. At all locations catch crops reduced the annual averaged nitrate concentration to meet drinking water quality standards in the crop rotation with green manure. On the coarse sand there was a time lag between the onset of drainage and the start of N-uptake by the catch crop.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Production systems", "Crop combinations and interactions", "Nutrient turnover", "Composting and manuring", "Farm nutrient management", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Recycling", " balancing and resource management", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "M. Askegaard, M. Askegaard, J.E. Olesen, K. Kristensen,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2005.tb00123.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Use%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2005.tb00123.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2005.tb00123.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2005.tb00123.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2006.00029.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:16Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-05-02", "title": "Methane And Nitrous Oxide Fluxes, And Carbon Dioxide Production In Boreal Forest Soil Fertilized With Wood Ash And Nitrogen", "description": "AbstractWood ash has been used to alleviate nutrient deficiencies and acidification in boreal forest soils. However, ash and nitrogen (N) fertilization may affect microbial processes producing or consuming greenhouse gases: methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2). Ash and N fertilization can stimulate nitrification and denitrification and, therefore, increase N2O emission and suppress CH4 uptake rate. Ash may also stimulate microbial respiration thereby enhancing CO2 emission. The fluxes of CH4, N2O and CO2 were measured in a boreal spruce forest soil treated with wood ash and/or N (ammonium nitrate) during three growing seasons. In addition to in situ measurements, CH4 oxidation potential, CO2 production, net nitrification and N2O production were studied in laboratory incubations. The mean in situ N2O emissions and in situ CO2 production from the untreated, N, ash and ash\uffe2\uff80\uff83+\uffe2\uff80\uff83N treatments were not significantly different, ranging from 11 to 17\uffe2\uff80\uff83\uffce\uffbcg N2O\uffe2\uff80\uff83m\uffe2\uff88\uff922\uffe2\uff80\uff83h\uffe2\uff88\uff921 and from 533 to 611\uffe2\uff80\uff83mg CO2\uffe2\uff80\uff83m\uffe2\uff88\uff922\uffe2\uff80\uff83h\uffe2\uff88\uff921. However, ash increased the CH4 oxidation in a forest soil profile which could be seen both in the laboratory experiments and in the CH4 uptake rates in situ. The mean in situ CH4 uptake rate in the untreated, N, ash and ash\uffe2\uff80\uff83+\uffe2\uff80\uff83N plots were 153\uffe2\uff80\uff83\uffc2\uffb1\uffe2\uff80\uff835, 123\uffe2\uff80\uff83\uffc2\uffb1\uffe2\uff80\uff838, 188\uffe2\uff80\uff83\uffc2\uffb1\uffe2\uff80\uff8310 and 178\uffe2\uff80\uff83\uffc2\uffb1\uffe2\uff80\uff8318\uffe2\uff80\uff83\uffce\uffbcg\uffe2\uff80\uff83m\uffe2\uff88\uff922\uffe2\uff80\uff83h\uffe2\uff88\uff921, respectively.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2006.00029.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Use%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2006.00029.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2006.00029.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2006.00029.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-05-02T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2006.00064.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:16Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-01-25", "title": "The Effect Of Environmental Variables On Soil Characteristics At Different Scales In The Transition Zone Of The Loess Plateau In China", "description": "AbstractAs a result of human disturbance and topographic variability, land use mosaics are characteristic of the transition zone of the Loess Plateau in Shaanxi Province, China. Soils are particularly sensitive to change when land degradation processes are dominant. An understanding of the influences of environmental variables is required to inform land management and agricultural production. In this study the relationships between land type, topography and soil properties were analysed for Hengshan County at two different scales using detrended canonical correspondence analysis. The results show that variations in soil properties are strongly influenced by topography, land use and vegetation. Slope, elevation and aspect are also of importance at the county and small catchment scales of analysis. Though land use type proved to be of lesser importance than topographic factors, ANOVA analysis showed that there were significant differences in soil organic matter (SOM), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), available nitrogen, available potassium and clay %. Areas under vegetables had significantly higher SOM and TN content at the catchment scale. The results will enhance our ability to predict spatial and temporal changes in soils. In addition, it is shown that soil fertility could be improved by land reform and management in the hilly\uffe2\uff80\uff90gully area.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Shengdong Liu, Shengdong Liu, Xudong Guo, Jing Wang, Bojie Fu, G. Lian,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2006.00064.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Use%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2006.00064.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2006.00064.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2006.00064.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-01-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2007.00104.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:16Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-09-07", "title": "Soil Properties In Organic Olive Groves Compared With That In Natural Areas In A Mountainous Landscape In Southern Spain", "description": "AbstractThis study evaluates soil properties in organically managed olive groves and natural zones in a mountainous area of Andalusia, Spain. Two soil types (Eutric Regosol and Eutric Cambisol) and the most common soil management methods (tillage and two intensities of grazing) were studied. Both soil types in the groves had values not much lower than those in the natural areas. Average (\uffc2\uffb1SE) values in the groves were 1.58\uffe2\uff80\uff83\uffc2\uffb1\uffe2\uff80\uff830.71% for organic carbon, 323\uffe2\uff80\uff83\uffc2\uffb1\uffe2\uff80\uff8398\uffe2\uff80\uff83g\uffe2\uff80\uff83kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921for macroaggregate stability, 1.11\uffe2\uff80\uff83\uffc2\uffb1\uffe2\uff80\uff830.16\uffe2\uff80\uff83g\uffe2\uff80\uff83cm\uffe2\uff88\uff923for bulk density, 3.5\uffe2\uff80\uff83\uffc2\uffb1\uffe2\uff80\uff831.6\uffe2\uff80\uff83mm\uffe2\uff80\uff83h\uffe2\uff88\uff921for saturated hydraulic conductivity and 1209\uffe2\uff80\uff83\uffc2\uffb1\uffe2\uff80\uff83716\uffe2\uff80\uff83mg CO2\uffe2\uff80\uff83kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921for soil respiration. Overall, these values tended to be lower in the tilled compared with that in the grazed groves. The average phosphorus soil content (5.83\uffe2\uff80\uff83\uffc2\uffb1\uffe2\uff80\uff835.22\uffe2\uff80\uff83mg\uffe2\uff80\uff83kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921) was low for olive production and within adequate ranges for N (0.12\uffe2\uff80\uff83\uffc2\uffb1\uffe2\uff80\uff830.05%) and K (142\uffe2\uff80\uff83\uffc2\uffb1\uffe2\uff80\uff8381\uffe2\uff80\uff83mg\uffe2\uff80\uff83kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921). Soil erosion was high in the tilled groves (35.5\uffe2\uff80\uff83\uffc2\uffb1\uffe2\uff80\uff8318.2\uffe2\uff80\uff83t\uffe2\uff80\uff83ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffe2\uff80\uff83year\uffe2\uff88\uff921) with soil loss correlating with indicators of soil degradation such as organic carbon content and water stable macroaggregates. In the grazed groves, soil loss was moderate with no clear indications of soil degradation. Overall, there was significant farm\uffe2\uff80\uff90to\uffe2\uff80\uff90farm variability within the same soil and land management systems. Olive production had a moderate effect on soil degradation compared with natural areas and olive cultivation could be sustained in future if cover crop soil management replaced tillage, especially in the most sloping areas.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2007.00104.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Use%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2007.00104.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2007.00104.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2007.00104.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-09-04T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2006.00027.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:16Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-04-23", "title": "Long-Term Effects Of Compost Amendment Of Soil On Functional And Structural Diversity And Microbial Activity", "description": "AbstractWe studied the effects of applying different composts (urban organic waste, green waste, manure and sewage sludge), mineral fertilizer and compost plus mineral fertilizer on chemical, biological and soil microbiological parameters over a 12\uffe2\uff80\uff90year period. The organic C and total N levels in soils were increased by all compost and compost\uffe2\uff80\uff83+\uffe2\uff80\uff83N treatments. Microbial biomass C was significantly (P\uffe2\uff80\uff83\uffe2\uff89\uffa4\uffe2\uff80\uff830.05) increased for some compost treatments. In addition, basal respiration and the metabolic quotient (qCO2) were significantly higher in all soils that had received sewage sludge compost. The Shannon diversity index (H), based on community level physiological profiling, showed a higher consumption of carbon sources in soils treated with compost and compost\uffe2\uff80\uff83+\uffe2\uff80\uff83N compared with the control. The utilization of different guilds of carbon sources varied amongst the treatments (compost, compost\uffe2\uff80\uff83+\uffe2\uff80\uff83N or mineral fertilizer). Cluster analysis of polymerase chain reaction\uffe2\uff80\uff90denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis patterns showed two major clusters, the first containing the mineral fertilization and compost treatments, and the second, the composts\uffe2\uff80\uff83+\uffe2\uff80\uff83N treatments. No differences in bacterial community structure could be determined between the different types of compost. However, the results suggest that long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term compost treatments do have effects on the soil biota. The results indicate that the effects on the qCO2 may be due to shifts in community composition. In this study, it was not possible to distinguish with certainty between the effects of different composts except for compost derived from sewage sludge.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2006.00027.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Use%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2006.00027.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2006.00027.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2006.00027.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-04-07T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2006.00036.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:16Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-05-12", "title": "Carbon Sequestration In A Temperate Grassland; Management And Climatic Controls", "description": "AbstractSoil management practices that result in increased soil carbon (C) sequestration can make a valuable contribution to reducing the increase in atmospheric CO2 concentrations. We studied the effect of poultry manure, cattle slurry, sewage sludge, NH4NO3 or urea on C cycling and sequestration in silage grass production. Soil respiration, net ecosystem exchange (NEE) and methane (CH4) fluxes were measured with chambers, and soil samples were analysed for total C and dissolved organic C (DOC). Treatments were applied over 2\uffe2\uff80\uff83years and measurements were carried out over 3\uffe2\uff80\uff83years to assess possible residual effects. Organic fertilizer applications increased CO2 loss through soil respiration but also enhanced soil C storage compared with mineral fertilizer. Cumulative soil respiration rates were highest in poultry manure treatments with 13.7\uffe2\uff80\uff83t\uffe2\uff80\uff83C\uffe2\uff80\uff83ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 in 2003, corresponding to 1.6 times the control value, but no residual effect was seen. Soil respiration showed an exponential increase with temperature, and a bimodal relationship with soil moisture. The greatest NEE was observed on urea treatments (with a CO2 uptake of \uffe2\uff88\uff924.4\uffe2\uff80\uff83g CO2\uffe2\uff80\uff83m\uffe2\uff88\uff922\uffe2\uff80\uff83h\uffe2\uff88\uff921). Total C and DOC were significantly greater in manure treatments in the soil surface (0\uffe2\uff80\uff9310\uffe2\uff80\uff83cm). Of the C added in the manures, 27% of that in the sewage pellets, 32% of that in the cattle slurry and 39% of that in the poultry manure remained in the 0\uffe2\uff80\uff9310\uffe2\uff80\uff83cm soil layer at the end of the experiment. Mineral fertilizer treatments had only small C sequestration rates, although uncertainties were high. Expressed as global warming potentials, the benefits of increased C sequestration on poultry manure and sewage pellet treatments were outweighed by the additional losses of N2O, particularly in the wet year 2002. Methane was emitted only for 2\uffe2\uff80\uff933\uffe2\uff80\uff83days on cattle slurry treatments, but the magnitudes of fluxes were negligible compared with C losses by soil respiration.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "N-fertilization", "13. Climate action", "manure", "C sequestration", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "grassland", "15. Life on land", "CO2 flux", "soil respiration", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2006.00036.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Use%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2006.00036.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2006.00036.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2006.00036.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-05-12T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2006.00068.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:16Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-02-26", "title": "Effects Of Long-Term Legume Cover Crop Incorporation On Soil Organic Carbon, Microbial Biomass, Nutrient Build-Up And Grain Yields Of Sorghum/Sunflower Under Rain-Fed Conditions", "description": "AbstractLow organic matter, poor fertility and erosion are common features of rain\uffe2\uff80\uff90fed Alfisols in southern India. Build\uffe2\uff80\uff90up of organic matter is crucial to maintain sustainable production on these soils. The possibility of on\uffe2\uff80\uff90farm generation of legume biomass [horsegram; Macrotyloma uniflorum (Lam.) Verdc.] by using off\uffe2\uff80\uff90season rainfall was examined in two field experiments involving sorghum and sunflower from 1994 to 2003. The effects of this incorporation were assessed on crop yields and soil properties for 10\uffe2\uff80\uff83years together with fertilizer application. Horsegram biomass ranging from 3.03\uffe2\uff80\uff934.28\uffe2\uff80\uff83t\uffe2\uff80\uff83ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 year\uffe2\uff88\uff921 (fresh weight) was produced and incorporated in situ under different levels of fertilizer application. Annual incorporation improved the soil properties and fertility status of the soil, which resulted in improved yields of test crops. With biomass incorporation, mean organic carbon content improved by 24% over fallow. Microbial biomass carbon improved by 28% at site I. Long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term biomass incorporation and fertilizer application resulted in the build\uffe2\uff80\uff90up of soil nutrients compared with the fallow plots. Application of N and P alone resulted in a negative balance of soil K. A time\uffe2\uff80\uff90scale analysis of yields showed that incorporation together with fertilizer application maintained a stable yield trend over a 10\uffe2\uff80\uff90year period in sorghum, whereas fertilizer application alone showed a declining trend. At the end of 10\uffe2\uff80\uff83years of incorporation, the increase in grain yield because of incorporation was 28 and 18%, respectively, in sorghum and sunflower over fallow when no fertilizers were applied to rainy season crops. The incorporation effect was even larger in plots receiving fertilizer. The growing and incorporation of a post\uffe2\uff80\uff90rainy season legume crop is a low\uffe2\uff80\uff90cost simple practice that even small and marginal farmers can adopt in semi\uffe2\uff80\uff90arid regions of the country. Widespread adoption of this practice, at least in alternate years, can restore the productivity of degraded soils and improve crop yields.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2006.00068.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Use%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2006.00068.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2006.00068.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2006.00068.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-02-26T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2007.00125.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:20:16Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-09-07", "title": "Water-Table Management In Lowland Uk Peat Soils And Its Potential Impact On Co2emission", "description": "AbstractThe rate of oxidation of peat soils is highly seasonal and varies with temperature and soil moisture content. Large variations in soil moisture content result in wet\uffe2\uff80\uff93dry cycles that can enhance peat degradation. Water\uffe2\uff80\uff90table management plays a crucial role in controlling and damping the effect of these environmental factors. However, maintaining high ditch water levels in fields bounded by ditches does not guarantee a high field groundwater level. The effect of installing subsurface irrigation at different spacings on water table elevation was studied in a low\uffe2\uff80\uff90lying peat grassland. The water table elevation data were compared against values predicted with a water balance model. In addition, greenhouse experiments were carried out on undisturbed soil core samples collected from the peat grassland as well as a low\uffe2\uff80\uff90lying peatland under intensive arable faming to measure CO2 evolution under different water regimes. The field data from the peat grassland suggest that sub\uffe2\uff80\uff90irrigation spacing as low as 10\uffe2\uff80\uff83m is necessary during summer periods to maintain groundwater levels similar to those in the ditches. Over the same period of observation, the difference in water level between the ditches and the non\uffe2\uff80\uff90irrigated fields is as high as 0.7\uffe2\uff80\uff83m. Modelled outputs are in good correlation with the field observations, and demonstrate that simple water balance models can provide an effective tool to study the effect of water management practices and potential changes in subsurface conditions, climate and land use on water\uffe2\uff80\uff90table levels. The measurement of CO2 emission from undisturbed peat soil columns shows that the rate of oxidation of soil organic matter from peat soils is highly seasonal and that drainage exacerbates the rate of peat mineralization.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2007.00125.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Use%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2007.00125.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2007.00125.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2007.00125.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-09-04T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=SH&offset=5650&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=SH&offset=5650&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "prev", "title": "items (prev)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=SH&offset=5600", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "next", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (next)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=SH&offset=5700", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 9862, "numberReturned": 50, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-04-04T13:54:35.418711Z"}