{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1007/s00374-011-0539-3", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:14:45Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-01-18", "title": "Effects Of Organic And Inorganic Fertilization On Soil Bacterial And Fungal Microbial Diversity In The Kabete Long-Term Trial, Kenya", "description": "The effects of crop manure and inorganic fertilizers on composition of microbial communities of central high land soils of Kenya are poorly known. For this reason, we have carried out a thirty-two-year-old long-term trial in Kabete, Kenya. These soils were treated with organic (maize stover (MS) at 10 t ha\u22121, farmyard manure (FYM) at 10 t ha\u22121) and inorganic fertilizers 120 kg N, 52.8 kg P (N2P2), N2P2 + MS, N2P2 + FYM, a control, and a fallow for over 30 years. We examined 16S rRNA gene and 28S rRNA gene fingerprints of bacterial and fungal diversity by PCR amplification and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis separation, respectively. The PCR bacterial community structure and diversity were negatively affected by N2P2 and were more closely related to the bacterial structure in the soils without any addition (control) than that of soils with a combination of inorganic and organic or inorganic fertilizers alone. The effect on fungal diversity by N2P2 was different than the effect on bacterial diversity since the fungal diversity was similar to that of the N2P2 + FYM and N2P2 + MS-treated. However, soils treated with organic inputs clustered away from soils amended with inorganic inputs. Organic inputs had a positive effect on both bacterial and fungal diversity with or without chemical fertilizers. Results from this study suggested that total diversity of bacterial and fungal communities was closely related to agro-ecosystem management practices and may partially explain the yield differences observed between the different treatments.", "keywords": ["[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences", "Microbial diversity", "soil microorganisms", "engrais organique", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_27870", "Organic and inorganic amendments", "F08 - Syst\u00e8mes et modes de culture", "rendement des cultures", "630", "fertilisation", "biodiversit\u00e9", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4592", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_36669", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2018", "inorganic fertilizers", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_10795", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_34326", "fertility", "2. Zero hunger", "[SDV.SA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_33949", "g\u00e9n\u00e9tique des populations", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "agro\u00e9cosyst\u00e8me", "6. Clean water", "fertilit\u00e9 du sol", "PCR", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_34079", "polymerization", "community structure", "abonos inorg\u00e1nicos", "management", "570", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7170", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7172", "flore microbienne", "soil", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_36167", "micro-organisme du sol", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_10176", "organic fertilizers", "abonos org\u00e1nicos", "pratique culturale", "microorganismos del suelo", "suelo", "flore du sol", "P35 - Fertilit\u00e9 du sol", "P34 - Biologie du sol", "polimerizaci\u00f3n", "15. Life on land", "engrais min\u00e9ral", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16367", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4086", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "F04 - Fertilisation"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-011-0539-3"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biology%20and%20Fertility%20of%20Soils", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00374-011-0539-3", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00374-011-0539-3", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00374-011-0539-3"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-01-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.rse.2016.02.046", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:17:07Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-03-05", "title": "Comparison of remote sensing and simulated soil moisture datasets in Mediterranean landscapes", "description": "AbstractThis paper presents the comparison of three global soil moisture products (ASCAT, AMSR and SMOS) versus a land surface model over a region representative of several Mediterranean landscapes located in the Northeast of the Iberian Peninsula. Our approach has been for agricultural and water management applications at the regional and local scale. Despite being a rather small area, we were able to observe different signal behaviours corresponding to major land cover classes in Mediterranean areas i.e.: dryland and irrigated crops, forests and natural vegetation (grass-shrubs). The area also allowed assessing the impact of topography. The first result of the study is that the results are very dependent on the normalizations used to make the data comparable, thus their impact must be carefully analysed. In this study, we applied two different normalisation methods (called ZV35 and ZV) and different moving average windows (1, 10 and 30days) in order to enhance seasonal effects. Using no smoothing window, ASCAT is the soil moisture product that correlates best with the LSM over all cover classes, whatever the method. Using smoothing window, AMSR-E tends to outperform other soil moisture products with the ZV method. The ZV35 method is not able to identify a small heavily irrigated area. The reason for these different results is that ZV35, tends to eliminate the monthly scale soil moisture memory and therefore becomes more sensitive to precipitation and less sensitive to the monthly evolution of superficial soil moisture. The comparison shows in general good agreement for all soil moisture products with the LSM on the temporal series simulated over flat, non irrigated areas which are not close to the sea. SMOS has difficulties in areas close to the sea and in areas with steep relief and the current version of the L2 Operational Algorithm (V5.51) depicts few values in forested areas. ASCAT, in its turn, shows some limitations over agricultural and natural vegetation where it shows an increase of soil moisture from June to October probably due to increase of penetration depth in dry soil moisture conditions. AMSR-E LPRM shows a clear vegetation cycle over all the land cover classes. From all the remote sensing products, SMOS is the only one able to see irrigation and the only that does not show clear vegetation or roughness effects. In this study, we were able to assess the impact of higher resolution soil moisture products to map irrigated areas.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0207 environmental engineering", "Soil Science", "Agriculture", "Geology", "AMSR-E", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "16. Peace & justice", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Water management", "ASCAT", "13. Climate action", "Regional scale", "LSM", "Soil moisture", "Computers in Earth Sciences", "Irrigation", "SMOS", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2016.02.046"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Remote%20Sensing%20of%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.rse.2016.02.046", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.rse.2016.02.046", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.rse.2016.02.046"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1590/s0100-06832013000100008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-27T16:20:32Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-03-16", "title": "Microbial Biomass And Activity In Litter During The Initial Development Of Pure And Mixed Plantations Of Eucalyptus Grandis And Acacia Mangium", "description": "<p>Studies on microbial activity and biomass in forestry plantations often overlook the role of litter, typically focusing instead on soil nutrient contents to explain plant and microorganism development. However, since the litter is a significant source of recycled nutrients that affect nutrient dynamics in the soil, litter composition may be more strongly correlated with forest growth and development than soil nutrient contents. This study aimed to test this hypothesis by examining correlations between soil C, N, and P; litter C, N, P, lignin content, and polyphenol content; and microbial biomass and activity in pure and mixed second-rotation plantations of Eucalyptus grandis and Acacia mangium before and after senescent leaf drop. The numbers of cultivable fungi and bacteria were also estimated. All properties were correlated with litter C, N, P, lignin and polyphenols, and with soil C and N. We found higher microbial activity (CO2 evolution) in litter than in soil. In the E. grandis monoculture before senescent leaf drop, microbial biomass C was 46 % higher in litter than in soil. After leaf drop, this difference decreased to 16 %. In A. mangium plantations, however, microbial biomass C was lower in litter than in soil both before and after leaf drop. Microbial biomass N of litter was approximately 94 % greater than that of the soil in summer and winter in all plantations. The number of cultivable fungi and bacteria increased after leaf drop, especially so in the litter. Fungi were also more abundant in the E. grandis litter. In general, the A. mangium monoculture was associated with higher levels of litter lignin and N, especially after leaf drop. In contrast, the polyphenol and C levels in E. grandis monoculture litter were higher after leaf drop. These properties were negatively correlated with total soil C and N. Litter in the mixed stands had lower C:N and C:P ratios and higher N, P, and C levels in the microbial biomass. This suggests more effective nutrient cycling in mixed plantations in the long term, greater stimulation of microbial activity in litter and soil, and a more sustainable system in general.</p>", "keywords": ["microorganism", "2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "legumes", "Agriculture (General)", "forestry", "floresta", "respirometria", "microrganismos", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "leguminosas", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "S1-972", "liteira", "basal respiration", "bioindicators", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "bioindicadores", "litterfall"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Bini, Daniel, Figueiredo, Aline Fernandes, Silva, Mylenne Cacciolari Pinheiro da, Vasconcellos, Rafael Leandro de Figueiredo, Cardoso, Elke Jurandy Bran Nogueira,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1590/s0100-06832013000100008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Revista%20Brasileira%20de%20Ci%C3%AAncia%20do%20Solo", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1590/s0100-06832013000100008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1590/s0100-06832013000100008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1590/s0100-06832013000100008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.watres.2019.114916", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:17:50Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-07-25", "title": "Removal of extracellular free DNA and antibiotic resistance genes from water and wastewater by membranes ranging from microfiltration to reverse osmosis", "description": "The final publication is available via https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2019.114916.", "keywords": ["Osmosis", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "membrane filtration", "Wastewater treatment", "02 engineering and technology", "water reuse", "Wastewater", "01 natural sciences", "Water Purification", "12. Responsible consumption", "Water reuse", "antibiotic resistance genes", "free extracellular DNA", "Antibiotic resistance genes", "11. Sustainability", "Humans", "Drinking water treatment", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "Water", "Drug Resistance", " Microbial", "DNA", "drinking water treatment", "6. Clean water", "Anti-Bacterial Agents", "wastewater treatment", "Genes", " Bacterial", "Free extracellular DNA", "Membrane filtration"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2019.114916"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Water%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.watres.2019.114916", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.watres.2019.114916", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.watres.2019.114916"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1109/igarss.2018.8518170", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:19:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-11-16", "title": "Sentinel-1 & Sentinel-2 for SOIL Moisture Retrieval at Field Scale", "description": "Soil moisture content is an essential climate variable that is operationally delivered at low resolution (e.g. 36-9 km) by earth observation missions, such as ESA/SMOS, NASA/SMAP and EUMETSAT/ASCAT. However numerous land applications would benefit from the availability of soil moisture maps at higher resolution. For this reason, there is a large research effort to develop soil moisture products at higher resolution using, for instance, data acquired by the new ESA's Sentinel missions. The objective of this study is twofold. First, it presents the validation status of a pre-operational soil moisture product derived from Sentinel-1 at 1 km resolution. Second, it assesses the possibility of integrating Sentinel-2 data and additional ancillary information, such as parcel borders and high resolution soil texture maps, in order to obtain soil moisture maps at 'field scale' resolution, i.e. similar to 0.1 km Case studies concerning agricultural sites located in Europe are presented.", "keywords": ["ASCAT", "high resolution", "13. Climate action", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Sentinel-1", "SMAP", "02 engineering and technology", "Soil moisture content", "Sentinel-2", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "SMOS", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://xplorestaging.ieee.org/ielx7/8496405/8517275/08518170.pdf?arnumber=8518170"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2018.8518170"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/IGARSS%202018%20-%202018%20IEEE%20International%20Geoscience%20and%20Remote%20Sensing%20Symposium", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1109/igarss.2018.8518170", "name": "item", "description": "10.1109/igarss.2018.8518170", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1109/igarss.2018.8518170"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1109/lgrs.2021.3073484", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:19:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-06-10", "title": "Sentinel-1 Backscatter Assimilation Using Support Vector Regression or the Water Cloud Model at European Soil Moisture Sites", "description": "Sentinel-1 backscatter observations were assimilated into the Global Land Evaporation Amsterdam Model (GLEAM) using an ensemble Kalman filter. As a forward operator, which is required to simulate backscatter from soil moisture and leaf area index (LAI), we evaluated both the traditional water cloud model (WCM) and the support vector regression (SVR). With SVR, a closer fit between backscatter observations and simulations was achieved. The impact on the correlation between modeled and in situ soil moisture measurements was similar when assimilating the Sentinel data using WCM (\u0394 R = +0.037) or SVR (\u0394 R = +0.025).", "keywords": ["Vegetation mapping", "support vector regression (SVR)", "Technology and Engineering", "Data models", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Computational modeling", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology", "01 natural sciences", "Backscatter", "radar backscatter", "Soil", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "LAND EVAPORATION", "Data assimilation", "Soil moisture", "Electrical and Electronic Engineering", "soil moisture", "Moisture", "SMOS", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://xplorestaging.ieee.org/ielx7/8859/9651998/09451176.pdf?arnumber=9451176"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2021.3073484"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/IEEE%20Geoscience%20and%20Remote%20Sensing%20Letters", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1109/lgrs.2021.3073484", "name": "item", "description": "10.1109/lgrs.2021.3073484", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1109/lgrs.2021.3073484"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1590/s1413-70542008000200001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-27T16:20:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-08-12", "title": "Avalia\u00e7\u00e3o De Indicadores Biol\u00f3gicos De Qualidade Do Solo Sob Sistemas De Cultivo Convencional E Org\u00e2nico De Frutas", "description": "<p>Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar os indicadores biol\uffc3\uffb3gicos de qualidade do solo sob sistemas de cultivo convencional e org\uffc3\uffa2nico de frutas no estado do Piau\uffc3\uffad. Amostras de solo foram coletadas na proje\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o da copa das plantas e nas entrelinhas nas profundidades de 0-10, 10-20 e 20-40 cm em duas \uffc3\uffa1reas: sistema org\uffc3\uffa2nico com acerola (SO), sistema convencional com goiaba (SC). Uma \uffc3\uffa1rea adjacente com vegeta\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o nativa (AVN) foi utilizada como referencial, sendo coletadas amostras de solo nas mesmas profundidades em toda \uffc3\uffa1rea. As vari\uffc3\uffa1veis analisadas foram a respira\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o basal, carbono org\uffc3\uffa2nico e microbiano e os quocientes respirat\uffc3\uffb3rio e microbiano do solo. O maior valor de respira\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o basal foi observado no solo do SOcopa, na profundidade de 10-20 cm. Os solos amostrados na \uffc3\uffa1rea de vegeta\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o nativa (AVN) e sob a copa das plantas no sistema de cultivo org\uffc3\uffa2nico (SOcopa) apresentaram teores elevados de Corg na superf\uffc3\uffadcie (0-10 cm) e em profundidade (20-40 cm). Em rela\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o ao solo da AVN, houve aumento no carbono da biomassa microbiana (Cmic), nas profundidades de 0-10 cm e 10-20 cm, para o SOcopa e SCcopa. A ado\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o do sistema org\uffc3\uffa2nico aumentou a atividade microbiana e o conte\uffc3\uffbado de carbono org\uffc3\uffa2nico do solo, mostrando benef\uffc3\uffadcios para esse sistema agr\uffc3\uffadcola.</p>", "keywords": ["Sustainability", "Sustentabilidade", "microrganismos", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "microorganisms", "microbial activity", "atividade microbiana"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Sampaio, Deusiane Batista, Ara\u00fajo, Ademir S\u00e9rgio Ferreira de, Santos, Valdinar Bezerra dos,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1590/s1413-70542008000200001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ci%C3%AAncia%20e%20Agrotecnologia", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1590/s1413-70542008000200001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1590/s1413-70542008000200001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1590/s1413-70542008000200001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/rs9111155", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:22:01Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-11-10", "title": "Disaggregation of SMOS Soil Moisture to 100 m Resolution Using MODIS Optical/Thermal and Sentinel-1 Radar Data: Evaluation over a Bare Soil Site in Morocco", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>The 40 km resolution SMOS (Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity) soil moisture, previously disaggregated at a 1 km resolution using the DISPATCH (DISaggregation based on Physical And Theoretical scale CHange) method based on MODIS optical/thermal data, is further disaggregated to 100 m resolution using Sentinel-1 backscattering coefficient (\u03c3\u00b0). For this purpose, three distinct radar-based disaggregation methods are tested by linking the spatio-temporal variability of \u03c3\u00b0 and soil moisture data at the 1 km and 100 m resolution. The three methods are: (1) the weight method, which estimates soil moisture at 100 m resolution at a certain time as a function of \u03c3\u00b0 ratio (100 m to 1 km resolution) and the 1 km DISPATCH products of the same time; (2) the regression method which estimates soil moisture as a function of \u03c3\u00b0 where the regression parameters (e.g., intercept and slope) vary in space and time; and (3) the Cumulative Distribution Function (CDF) method, which estimates 100 m resolution soil moisture from the cumulative probability of 100 m resolution backscatter and the maximum to minimum 1 km resolution (DISPATCH) soil moisture difference. In each case, disaggregation results are evaluated against in situ measurements collected between 1 January 2016 and 11 October 2016 over a bare soil site in central Morocco. The determination coefficient (R2) between 1 km resolution DISPATCH and localized in situ soil moisture is 0.31. The regression and CDF methods have marginal effect on improving the DISPATCH accuracy at the station scale with a R2 between remotely sensed and in situ soil moisture of 0.29 and 0.34, respectively. By contrast, the weight method significantly improves the correlation between remotely sensed and in situ soil moisture with a R2 of 0.52. Likewise, the soil moisture estimates show low root mean square difference with in situ measurements (RMSD= 0.032 m3 m\u22123).</p></article>", "keywords": ["soil moisture and ocean salinity satellite (SMOS)", "Atmospheric Science", "Artificial intelligence", "Environmental Engineering", "550", "Science", "Soil Moisture", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Aerospace Engineering", "FOS: Mechanical engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "01 natural sciences", "Environmental science", "[SDU] Sciences of the Universe [physics]", "Engineering", "Meteorology", "DISPATCH", "Image resolution", "Arctic Permafrost Dynamics and Climate Change", "14. Life underwater", "Moisture", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "Soil science", "Water content", "Radar", "Geography", "soil moisture and ocean salinity satellite (SMOS); DISPATCH; radar; Sentinel-1; disaggregation; soil moisture", "Soilmoisture and ocean salinity satellite (SMOS)", "Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry", "Q", "FOS: Environmental engineering", "Geology", "FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences", "Remote sensing", "Remote Sensing of Soil Moisture", "Surface Deformation Monitoring", "Computer science", "Earth and Planetary Sciences", "Groundwater Extraction", "Geotechnical engineering", "[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]", "disaggregation", "Environmental Science", "Physical Sciences", "Sentinel-1", "soil moisture", "radar"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/9/11/1155/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9111155"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Remote%20Sensing", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/rs9111155", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/rs9111155", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/rs9111155"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-11-10T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/membranes12070662", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:21:53Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-06-28", "title": "A Review on Removal and Destruction of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) by Novel Membranes", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) are anthropogenic chemicals consisting of thousands of individual species. PFAS consists of a fully or partly fluorinated carbon\u2013fluorine bond, which is hard to break and requires a high amount of energy (536 kJ/mole). Resulting from their unique hydrophobic/oleophobic nature and their chemical and mechanical stability, they are highly resistant to thermal, chemical, and biological degradation. PFAS have been used extensively worldwide since the 1940s in various products such as non-stick household items, food-packaging, cosmetics, electronics, and firefighting foams. Exposure to PFAS may lead to health issues such as hormonal imbalances, a compromised immune system, cancer, fertility disorders, and adverse effects on fetal growth and learning ability in children. To date, very few novel membrane approaches have been reported effective in removing and destroying PFAS. Therefore, this article provides a critical review of PFAS treatment and removal approaches by membrane separation systems. We discuss recently reported novel and effective membrane techniques for PFAS separation and include a detailed discussion of parameters affecting PFAS membrane separation and destruction. Moreover, an estimation of cost analysis is also included for each treatment technology. Additionally, since the PFAS treatment technology is still growing, we have incorporated several future directions for efficient PFAS treatment.</p></article>", "keywords": ["novel membranes", "Chemical technology", "PFAS", "TP1-1185", "Review", "PFAS; nanofiltration; reverse osmosis; novel membranes; hybrid membranes; coupled technology", "coupled technology", "01 natural sciences", "3. Good health", "reverse osmosis", "Chemical engineering", "nanofiltration", "TP155-156", "hybrid membranes", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/12/7/662/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes12070662"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Membranes", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/membranes12070662", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/membranes12070662", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/membranes12070662"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-06-27T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/rs12101671", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:21:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-05-25", "title": "Temporal Calibration of an Evaporation-Based Spatial Disaggregation Method of SMOS Soil Moisture Data", "description": "<p>The resolution of current satellite surface soil moisture (SM) estimates is very low, of tens of kilometers, which proves to be insufficient for various agricultural and hydrological applications. Amongst the existing downscaling approaches of remotely sensed SM, DISPATCH (DISaggregation based on a Physical And Theoretical scale CHange) improves the resolution of SMOS (Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity) soil moisture data using soil evaporative efficiency (SEE) estimates at high resolution (HR) and a SEE(SM) model implemented at low resolution (LR). Defined as the ratio of actual to potential soil evaporation, SEE can be derived from the remotely sensed land surface temperature (LST) and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). The current version of DISPATCH uses a linear SEE(SM) model. This study aims at improving the SEE(SM) model and testing different calibration strategies, to ultimately have more robust and better downscaled SM products. A nonlinear SEE(SM) model is introduced and its influence on the derived HR SM products is studied over a range of conditions. Each model, linear and nonlinear, is calibrated from remote sensing data on a daily and a multi-date basis. The approaches were tested over two mixed dry and irrigated areas in Catalonia, Spain, and over one dry area in Morocco. When using the linear model, better statistical results were generally obtained using a daily calibration (current version of DISPATCH), most notably over one Spanish site. However, the best results were systematically obtained for an annually calibrated nonlinear model, in terms of all metrics considered: correlation coefficient, slope of the linear regression, bias, unbiased root mean square error. In particular, when using the annually calibrated nonlinear SEE (SM) model, the temporal slope of the linear regression between disaggregated and in situ soil moisture increased to 1.16 and 0.75 for one Spanish site and for the Moroccan site (as opposed to 0.44 and 0.58, respectively, when using the linear model with a daily calibration). The temporal correlation coefficient increased to 0.47 and 0.54 over the Spanish sites (as opposed to 0.18 and 0.27, respectively, when using the linear model with a daily calibration). Those contrasted results indicate compensation effects between the model type and the calibration strategy. Taking into account studies that report the strong nonlinear behavior of the SEE with respect to SM, the introduction of the nonlinear SEE(SM) model in DISPATCH, combined with a multi-date calibration, is proven to perform significantly better under various conditions, leading to more robust disaggregated SM products. The SEE modeling based on the nonlinear SM model, with a multi-date calibration, could be integrated into the CATDS\uffe2\uff80\uff94Centre Aval de Traitement des Donn\uffc3\uffa9es SMOS as a future product, as well as into existing evapotranspiration models, which are based on a combination of thermal and microwave data.</p>", "keywords": ["550", "Science", "Evaporation", "0207 environmental engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "551", "01 natural sciences", "evaporation", "Disaggregation", "Downscaling", "14. Life underwater", "[SDU.STU.HY]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "Q", "downscaling", "15. Life on land", "[SDU.ENVI] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", " environment", "6. Clean water", "MODIS", "13. Climate action", "disaggregation", "[SDU.STU.HY] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology", "Soil moisture", "[SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", "soil moisture", "environment", "SMOS"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/10/1671/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/10/1671/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12101671"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Remote%20Sensing", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/rs12101671", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/rs12101671", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/rs12101671"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-05-23T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/hess-25-17-2021", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:22:51Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-01-04", "title": "Evaluation of 18 satellite- and model-based soil moisture products using in situ measurements from 826 sensors", "description": "<p>Abstract. Information about the spatiotemporal variability of soil moisture is critical for many purposes, including monitoring of hydrologic extremes, irrigation scheduling, and prediction of agricultural yields. We evaluated the temporal dynamics of 18 state-of-the-art (quasi-)global near-surface soil moisture products, including six based on satellite retrievals, six based on models without satellite data assimilation (referred to hereafter as \uffe2\uff80\uff9copen-loop\uffe2\uff80\uff9d models), and six based on models that assimilate satellite soil moisture or brightness temperature data. Seven of the products are introduced for the first time in this study: one multi-sensor merged satellite product called MeMo (Merged soil Moisture) and six estimates from the HBV (Hydrologiska Byr\uffc3\uffa5ns Vattenbalansavdelning) model with three precipitation inputs (ERA5, IMERG, and MSWEP) with and without assimilation of SMAPL3E satellite retrievals, respectively. As reference, we used in situ soil moisture measurements between 2015 and 2019 at 5\uffe2\uff80\uff89cm depth from 826 sensors, located primarily in the USA and Europe. The 3-hourly Pearson correlation (R) was chosen as the primary performance metric. We found that application of the Soil Wetness Index (SWI) smoothing filter resulted in improved performance for all satellite products. The best-to-worst performance ranking of the four single-sensor satellite products was SMAPL3ESWI, SMOSSWI, AMSR2SWI, and ASCATSWI, with the L-band-based SMAPL3ESWI (median R of 0.72) outperforming the others at 50\uffe2\uff80\uff89% of the sites. Among the two multi-sensor satellite products (MeMo and ESA-CCISWI), MeMo performed better on average (median R of 0.72 versus 0.67), probably due to the inclusion of SMAPL3ESWI. The best-to-worst performance ranking of the six open-loop models was HBV-MSWEP, HBV-ERA5, ERA5-Land, HBV-IMERG, VIC-PGF, and GLDAS-Noah. This ranking largely reflects the quality of the precipitation forcing. HBV-MSWEP (median R of\uffc2\uffa00.78) performed best not just among the open-loop models but among all products. The calibration of HBV improved the median R by +0.12 on average compared to random parameters, highlighting the importance of model calibration. The best-to-worst performance ranking of the six models with satellite data assimilation was HBV-MSWEP+SMAPL3E, HBV-ERA5+SMAPL3E, GLEAM, SMAPL4, HBV-IMERG+SMAPL3E, and ERA5. The assimilation of SMAPL3E retrievals into HBV-IMERG improved the median R by +0.06, suggesting that data assimilation yields significant benefits at the global scale.                     </p>", "keywords": ["Technology", "CLIMATE-CHANGE", "550", "GLOBAL-SCALE EVALUATION", "NEAR-SURFACE", "RADIOFREQUENCY INTERFERENCE", "T", "AMSR-E", "4 DECADES", "15. Life on land", "Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "HEIHE RIVER-BASIN", "AGRICULTURAL SITES", "G", "Environmental sciences", "DATA ASSIMILATION", "13. Climate action", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "Geography. Anthropology. Recreation", "GE1-350", "TD1-1066", "SMOS", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/471538/1/hess_25_17_2021.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-17-2021"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Hydrology%20and%20Earth%20System%20Sciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/hess-25-17-2021", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/hess-25-17-2021", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/hess-25-17-2021"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-05-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/gmd-10-3821-2017", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:22:49Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-10-23", "title": "ORCHILEAK (revision 3875): a new model branch to simulate carbon transfers along the terrestrial\u2013aquatic continuum of the Amazon basin", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Abstract. Lateral transfer of carbon (C) from terrestrial ecosystems into the inland water network is an important component of the global C cycle, which sustains a large aquatic CO2 evasion flux fuelled by the decomposition of allochthonous C inputs. Globally, estimates of the total C exports through the terrestrial\u2013aquatic interface range from 1.5 to 2.7\u202fPg\u202fC\u202fyr\u22121 (Cole et al., 2007; Battin et al., 2009; Tranvik et al., 2009), i.e. of the order of 2\u20135\u202f% of the terrestrial NPP. Earth system models (ESMs) of the climate system ignore these lateral transfers of C, and thus likely overestimate the terrestrial C sink. In this study, we present the implementation of fluvial transport of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and CO2 into ORCHIDEE (Organising Carbon and Hydrology in Dynamic Ecosystems), the land surface scheme of the Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace ESM. This new model branch, called ORCHILEAK, represents DOC production from canopy and soils, DOC and CO2 leaching from soils to streams, DOC decomposition, and CO2 evasion to the atmosphere during its lateral transport in rivers, as well as exchange with the soil carbon and litter stocks on floodplains and in swamps. We parameterized and validated ORCHILEAK for the Amazon basin, the world's largest river system with regard to discharge and one of the most productive ecosystems in the world. With ORCHILEAK, we are able to reproduce observed terrestrial and aquatic fluxes of DOC and CO2 in the Amazon basin, both in terms of mean values and seasonality. In addition, we are able to resolve the spatio-temporal variability in C fluxes along the canopy\u2013soil\u2013water continuum at high resolution (1\u00b0, daily) and to quantify the different terrestrial contributions to the aquatic C fluxes. We simulate that more than two-thirds of the Amazon's fluvial DOC export are contributed by the decomposition of submerged litter. Throughfall DOC fluxes from canopy to ground are about as high as the total DOC inputs to inland waters. The latter, however, are mainly sustained by litter decomposition. Decomposition of DOC and submerged plant litter contributes slightly more than half of the CO2 evasion from the water surface, while the remainder is contributed by soil respiration. Total CO2 evasion from the water surface equals about 5\u202f% of the terrestrial NPP. Our results highlight that ORCHILEAK is well suited to simulate carbon transfers along the terrestrial\u2013aquatic continuum of tropical forests. It also opens the perspective that provided parameterization, calibration and validation is performed for other biomes, the new model branch could improve the quantification of the global terrestrial C sink and help better constrain carbon cycle\u2013climate feedbacks in future projections.                     </p></article>", "keywords": ["[SDU] Sciences of the Universe [physics]", "Sciences de la terre et du cosmos", "570", "QE1-996.5", "550", "[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]", "13. Climate action", "Geology", "Sciences pharmaceutiques", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/10/3821/2017/gmd-10-3821-2017.pdf"}, {"href": "https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/261804/4/doi_245431.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-3821-2017"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoscientific%20Model%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/gmd-10-3821-2017", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/gmd-10-3821-2017", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/gmd-10-3821-2017"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-10-23T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/gmd-12-3503-2019", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:22:49Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-08-12", "title": "ORCHIDEE MICT-LEAK (r5459), a global model for the production, transport, and transformation of dissolved organic carbon from Arctic permafrost regions \u2013 Part 1: Rationale, model description, and simulation protocol", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Abstract. Few Earth system models adequately represent the unique permafrost soil biogeochemistry and its respective processes; this significantly contributes to uncertainty in estimating their responses, and that of the planet at large, to warming. Likewise, the riverine component of what is known as the \u201cboundless carbon cycle\u201d is seldom recognised in Earth system modelling. The hydrological mobilisation of organic material from a \u223c1330\u20131580\u2009PgC carbon stock to the river network results in either sedimentary settling or atmospheric \u201cevasion\u201d, processes widely expected to increase with amplified Arctic climate warming. Here, the production, transport, and atmospheric release of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from high-latitude permafrost soils into inland waters and the ocean are explicitly represented for the first time in the land surface component (ORCHIDEE) of a CMIP6 global climate model (Institut Pierre Simon Laplace \u2013 IPSL). The model, ORCHIDEE MICT-LEAK, which represents the merger of previously described ORCHIDEE versions MICT and LEAK, mechanistically represents (a)\u00a0vegetation and soil physical processes for high-latitude snow, ice, and soil phenomena and (b)\u00a0the cycling of DOC and CO2, including atmospheric evasion, along the terrestrial\u2013aquatic continuum from soils through the river network to the coast at 0.5 to 2\u2218 resolution. This paper, the first in a two-part study, presents the rationale for including these processes in a high-latitude-specific land surface model, then describes the model with a focus on novel process implementations, followed by a summary of the model configuration and simulation protocol. The results of these simulation runs, conducted for the Lena River basin, are evaluated against observational data in the second part of this study.                     </p></article>", "keywords": ["QE1-996.5", "550", "Geology", "15. Life on land", "551", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Sciences de la terre et du cosmos", "[SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry", "13. Climate action", "[SDU.STU.GC] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry", "[SDU.STU.GL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Glaciology", "Sciences pharmaceutiques", "[SDU.STU.GL] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Glaciology", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/292778/1/doi_276405.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-3503-2019"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoscientific%20Model%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/gmd-12-3503-2019", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/gmd-12-3503-2019", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/gmd-12-3503-2019"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-03-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/gmd-11-937-2018", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:22:49Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-03-15", "title": "ORCHIDEE-SOM: modeling soil organic carbon (SOC) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) dynamics along vertical soil profiles in Europe", "description": "<p>Abstract. Current land surface models (LSMs) typically represent soils in a\uffc2\uffa0very simplistic way, assuming soil organic carbon (SOC) as a\uffc2\uffa0bulk, and thus impeding a\uffc2\uffa0correct representation of deep soil carbon dynamics. Moreover, LSMs generally neglect the production and export of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from soils to rivers, leading to overestimations of the potential carbon sequestration on land. This common oversimplified processing of SOC in LSMs is partly responsible for the large uncertainty in the predictions of the soil carbon response to climate change. In this study, we present a\uffc2\uffa0new soil carbon module called ORCHIDEE-SOM, embedded within the land surface model ORCHIDEE, which is able to reproduce the DOC and SOC dynamics in a\uffc2\uffa0vertically discretized soil to 2\uffe2\uff80\uffafm. The model includes processes of biological production and consumption of SOC and DOC, DOC adsorption on and desorption from soil minerals, diffusion of SOC and DOC, and DOC transport with water through and out of the soils to rivers. We evaluated ORCHIDEE-SOM against observations of DOC concentrations and SOC stocks from four European sites with different vegetation covers: a\uffc2\uffa0coniferous forest, a\uffc2\uffa0deciduous forest, a\uffc2\uffa0grassland, and a\uffc2\uffa0cropland. The model was able to reproduce the SOC stocks along their vertical profiles at the four sites and the DOC concentrations within the range of measurements, with the exception of the DOC concentrations in the upper soil horizon at the coniferous forest. However, the model was not able to fully capture the temporal dynamics of DOC concentrations. Further model improvements should focus on a\uffc2\uffa0plant- and depth-dependent parameterization of the new input model parameters, such as the turnover times of DOC and the microbial carbon use efficiency. We suggest that this new soil module, when parameterized for global simulations, will improve the representation of the global carbon cycle in LSMs, thus helping to constrain the predictions of the future SOC response to global warming.                     </p>", "keywords": ["550", "/dk/atira/pure/core/keywords/nachhaltigkeitswissenschaft; name=Sustainability Science", "Climate", "/dk/atira/pure/discipline/B000/B006/B410-bodembeheer", "01 natural sciences", "/dk/atira/pure/thematic/inbo_th_00043", "/dk/atira/pure/thematic/inbo_th_00022", "SDG 13 - Climate Action", "/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/climate_action; name=SDG 13 - Climate Action", "/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2600/2611; name=Modelling and Simulation", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean", "Woods and parks", "QE1-996.5", "Atmosphere", "[SDU.OCEAN] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean", " Atmosphere", "Physics", "/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/life_on_land; name=SDG 15 - Life on Land", "Geology", "Geokemi", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "[SDU.ENVI] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", " environment", "Sciences de la terre et du cosmos", "Geochemistry", "/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1900; name=Earth and Planetary Sciences(all)", "13. Climate action", "8. Economic growth", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "[SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", "environment", "B410-soil-science"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/11/937/2018/gmd-11-937-2018.pdf"}, {"href": "https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/282703/1/doi_266330.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-11-937-2018"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoscientific%20Model%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/gmd-11-937-2018", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/gmd-11-937-2018", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/gmd-11-937-2018"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-11-16T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/gmd-13-507-2020", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:22:49Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-02-10", "title": "ORCHIDEE MICT-LEAK (r5459), a global model for the production, transport, and transformation of dissolved organic carbon from Arctic permafrost regions \u2013 Part 2: Model evaluation over the Lena River basin", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Abstract. In this second part of a two-part study, we performed a simulation of the carbon and water budget of the Lena catchment with the land surface model ORCHIDEE MICT-LEAK, enabled to simulate dissolved organic carbon (DOC) production in soils and its transport and fate in high-latitude inland waters. The model results are evaluated for their ability to reproduce the fluxes of DOC and carbon dioxide (CO2) along the soil\u2013inland-water continuum and the exchange of CO2 with the atmosphere, including the evasion outgassing of CO2 from inland waters. We present simulation results over the years 1901\u20132007 and show that the model is able to broadly reproduce observed state variables and their emergent properties across a range of interacting physical and biogeochemical processes. These include (1)\u00a0net primary production (NPP), respiration and riverine hydrologic amplitude, seasonality, and inter-annual variation; (2)\u00a0DOC concentrations, bulk annual flow, and their volumetric attribution at the sub-catchment level; (3)\u00a0high headwater versus downstream CO2 evasion, an emergent phenomenon consistent with observations over a spectrum of high-latitude observational studies. These quantities obey emergent relationships with environmental variables like air temperature and topographic slope that have been described in the literature. This gives us confidence in reporting the following additional findings: of the \u223c34\u2009Tg\u2009C\u2009yr\u22121 left over as input to soil matter after NPP is diminished by heterotrophic respiration, 7\u2009Tg\u2009C\u2009yr\u22121 is leached and transported into the aquatic system. Of this, over half (3.6\u2009Tg\u2009C\u2009yr\u22121) is evaded from the inland water surface back into the atmosphere and the remainder (3.4\u2009Tg\u2009C\u2009yr\u22121) flushed out into the Arctic Ocean, mirroring empirically derived studies. These riverine DOC exports represent \u223c1.5\u2009% of NPP. DOC exported from the floodplains is dominantly sourced from recent more \u201clabile\u201d terrestrial production in contrast to DOC leached from the rest of the watershed with runoff and drainage, which is mostly sourced from recalcitrant soil and litter. All else equal, both historical climate change (a spring\u2013summer warming of 1.8\u2009\u2218C over the catchment) and rising atmospheric CO2 (+85.6\u2009ppm) are diagnosed from factorial simulations to contribute similar significant increases in DOC transport via primary production, although this similarity may not hold in the future.                     </p></article>", "keywords": ["[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "QE1-996.5", "550", "Geology", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "[SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "Sciences de la terre et du cosmos", "13. Climate action", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "Sciences pharmaceutiques", "14. Life underwater", "[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/303330/1/doi_286974.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-507-2020"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoscientific%20Model%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/gmd-13-507-2020", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/gmd-13-507-2020", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/gmd-13-507-2020"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-03-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/gmd-2017-172", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:22:50Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-07-24", "title": "Representation of dissolved organic carbon in the JULES land surface model (vn4.4_JULES-DOCM)", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Abstract. Current global models of the carbon (C) cycle consider only vertical gas exchanges between terrestrial or oceanic reservoirs and the atmosphere, thus not considering lateral transport of carbon from the continents to the oceans. Therefore, those models implicitly consider that all the C which is not respired to the atmosphere is stored on land, hence overestimating the land C sink capability. A model that represents the whole continuum from atmosphere to land and into the ocean would provide better understanding of the Earth's C cycle and hence more reliable historical or future projections. We present an original representation of Dissolved Organic C (DOC) processes in the Joint UK Land Environment Simulator (JULES-DOCM). The standard version of JULES represents energy, water and carbon dynamics between vegetation, soil and atmosphere, while lateral fluxes only account for water run-off. Here we integrate a representation of DOC production in terrestrial ecosystems based on incomplete decomposition of organic matter, DOC decomposition within the soil column, and DOC export to the river network via leaching. The model performance is evaluated in five specific sites for which observations of soil DOC concentration are available. Results show that the model is able to reproduce the DOC concentration and controlling processes including leaching to the riverine system which is fundamental for integrating terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems.                         </p></article>", "keywords": ["QE1-996.5", "Multidisciplinary", "550", "Physics", "[SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences", "/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/life_on_land; name=SDG 15 - Life on Land", "Geology", "/dk/atira/pure/core/keywords/biology; name=Ecosystems Research", "15. Life on land", "[SDU] Sciences of the Universe [physics]", "Sciences de la terre et du cosmos", "Environmental Sciences related to Agriculture and Land-use", "/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/affordable_and_clean_energy; name=SDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy", "[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]", "/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1900; name=Earth and Planetary Sciences(all)", "13. Climate action", "[SDU.STU] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences", "14. Life underwater", "Geosciences", " Multidisciplinary", "Geosciences", "/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2600/2611; name=Modelling and Simulation"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/15362/1/Nakhavali_et_al_180507.pdf"}, {"href": "https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/11/593/2018/gmd-11-593-2018.pdf"}, {"href": "https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/282704/1/doi_266331.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2017-172"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoscientific%20Model%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/gmd-2017-172", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/gmd-2017-172", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/gmd-2017-172"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-07-24T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/hess-25-5749-2021", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:22:51Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-11-09", "title": "The International Soil Moisture Network: serving  Earth system science for over a decade", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Abstract. In\u00a02009, the International Soil Moisture Network\u00a0(ISMN) was initiated as a community effort, funded by the European Space Agency, to serve as a centralised data hosting facility for globally available in situ soil moisture measurements (Dorigo et\u00a0al.,\u00a02011b, a). The ISMN brings together in situ soil moisture measurements collected and freely shared by a multitude of organisations, harmonises them in terms of units and sampling rates, applies advanced quality control, and stores them in a database. Users can freely retrieve the data from this database through an online web portal (https://ismn.earth/en/, last access: 28\u00a0October\u00a02021). Meanwhile, the ISMN has evolved into the primary in situ soil moisture reference database worldwide, as evidenced by more than 3000\u00a0active users and over 1000\u00a0scientific publications referencing the data sets provided by the network. As of July\u00a02021, the ISMN now contains the data of 71\u00a0networks and 2842\u00a0stations located all over the globe, with a time period spanning from\u00a01952 to the present. The number of networks and stations covered by the ISMN is still growing, and approximately 70\u2009% of the data sets contained in the database continue to be updated on a regular or irregular basis. The main scope of this paper is to inform readers about the evolution of the ISMN over the past decade, including a description of network and data set updates and quality control procedures. A comprehensive review of the existing literature making use of ISMN data is also provided in order to identify current limitations in functionality and data usage and to shape priorities for the next decade of operations of this unique community-based data repository.                     </p></article>", "keywords": ["[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "Technology", "Atmospheric Science", "550", "Soil Moisture", "TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)", "02 engineering and technology", "Soil Moisture; ISMN; IMA_CAN1; swc; STEMS", "Spatial variability", "Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering", "01 natural sciences", "Agency (philosophy)", "remote sensing", "Antecedent wetness conditions", "Engineering", "Geography. Anthropology. Recreation", "GE1-350", "TD1-1066", "Smos brightness temperature", "Heihe river-basin", "T", "Soil Water Retention", "Leaf-area index", "004", "FOS: Philosophy", " ethics and religion", "Programming language", "Earth and Planetary Sciences", "Physical Sciences", "name=Water Science and Technology", "/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1900/1901", "Medicine", "name=Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)", "Mechanics and Transport in Unsaturated Soils", "Environmental Engineering", "Soil Moisture International Network", "0207 environmental engineering", "Epistemology", "Environmental science", "G", "Database", "Soil Moisture; network", "Arctic Permafrost Dynamics and Climate Change", "Scope (computer science)", "Land data assimilation", "Civil and Structural Engineering", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/550", "Consecutive dry days", "in situ", "FOS: Environmental engineering", "AMSR-E", "15. Life on land", "Remote Sensing of Soil Moisture", "Globe", "Computer science", "Environmental sciences", "QE Geology", "Philosophy", "Ophthalmology", "In-situ measurements", "13. Climate action", "ITC-ISI-JOURNAL-ARTICLE", "global scale", "Environmental Science", "G70.212-70.215 Geographic information system", "soil moisture", "ITC-GOLD", "/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2300/2312", "Wireless sensor network"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://iris.polito.it/bitstream/11583/2998914/1/prod_447100-doc_161016.pdf"}, {"href": "https://iris.polito.it/bitstream/11583/2998914/2/prod_447100-doc_178365.pdf"}, {"href": "https://research.unipg.it/bitstream/11391/1498417/2/2021_The%20international%20soil_OA.pdf"}, {"href": "https://cris.unibo.it/bitstream/11585/910145/1/Dourigo_etal_2021.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-5749-2021"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Hydrology%20and%20Earth%20System%20Sciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/hess-25-5749-2021", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/hess-25-5749-2021", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/hess-25-5749-2021"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-11-09T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.10676514", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:22:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-06-28", "title": "A Review on Removal and Destruction of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) by Novel Membranes", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) are anthropogenic chemicals consisting of thousands of individual species. PFAS consists of a fully or partly fluorinated carbon\u2013fluorine bond, which is hard to break and requires a high amount of energy (536 kJ/mole). Resulting from their unique hydrophobic/oleophobic nature and their chemical and mechanical stability, they are highly resistant to thermal, chemical, and biological degradation. PFAS have been used extensively worldwide since the 1940s in various products such as non-stick household items, food-packaging, cosmetics, electronics, and firefighting foams. Exposure to PFAS may lead to health issues such as hormonal imbalances, a compromised immune system, cancer, fertility disorders, and adverse effects on fetal growth and learning ability in children. To date, very few novel membrane approaches have been reported effective in removing and destroying PFAS. Therefore, this article provides a critical review of PFAS treatment and removal approaches by membrane separation systems. We discuss recently reported novel and effective membrane techniques for PFAS separation and include a detailed discussion of parameters affecting PFAS membrane separation and destruction. Moreover, an estimation of cost analysis is also included for each treatment technology. Additionally, since the PFAS treatment technology is still growing, we have incorporated several future directions for efficient PFAS treatment.</p></article>", "keywords": ["novel membranes", "Chemical technology", "PFAS", "TP1-1185", "Review", "PFAS; nanofiltration; reverse osmosis; novel membranes; hybrid membranes; coupled technology", "coupled technology", "01 natural sciences", "3. Good health", "reverse osmosis", "Chemical engineering", "nanofiltration", "TP155-156", "hybrid membranes", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/12/7/662/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10676514"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Membranes", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.10676514", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.10676514", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.10676514"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-06-27T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/292778", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:26:51Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-08-12", "title": "ORCHIDEE MICT-LEAK (r5459), a global model for the production, transport, and transformation of dissolved organic carbon from Arctic permafrost regions \u2013 Part 1: Rationale, model description, and simulation protocol", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Abstract. Few Earth system models adequately represent the unique permafrost soil biogeochemistry and its respective processes; this significantly contributes to uncertainty in estimating their responses, and that of the planet at large, to warming. Likewise, the riverine component of what is known as the \u201cboundless carbon cycle\u201d is seldom recognised in Earth system modelling. The hydrological mobilisation of organic material from a \u223c1330\u20131580\u2009PgC carbon stock to the river network results in either sedimentary settling or atmospheric \u201cevasion\u201d, processes widely expected to increase with amplified Arctic climate warming. Here, the production, transport, and atmospheric release of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from high-latitude permafrost soils into inland waters and the ocean are explicitly represented for the first time in the land surface component (ORCHIDEE) of a CMIP6 global climate model (Institut Pierre Simon Laplace \u2013 IPSL). The model, ORCHIDEE MICT-LEAK, which represents the merger of previously described ORCHIDEE versions MICT and LEAK, mechanistically represents (a)\u00a0vegetation and soil physical processes for high-latitude snow, ice, and soil phenomena and (b)\u00a0the cycling of DOC and CO2, including atmospheric evasion, along the terrestrial\u2013aquatic continuum from soils through the river network to the coast at 0.5 to 2\u2218 resolution. This paper, the first in a two-part study, presents the rationale for including these processes in a high-latitude-specific land surface model, then describes the model with a focus on novel process implementations, followed by a summary of the model configuration and simulation protocol. The results of these simulation runs, conducted for the Lena River basin, are evaluated against observational data in the second part of this study.</p></article>", "keywords": ["QE1-996.5", "550", "Geology", "15. Life on land", "551", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Sciences de la terre et du cosmos", "[SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry", "13. Climate action", "[SDU.STU.GC] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry", "[SDU.STU.GL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Glaciology", "Sciences pharmaceutiques", "[SDU.STU.GL] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Glaciology", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/292778/1/doi_276405.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/292778"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoscientific%20Model%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/292778", "name": "item", "description": "2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/292778", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/292778"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-03-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/303330", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:26:51Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-02-10", "title": "ORCHIDEE MICT-LEAK (r5459), a global model for the production, transport, and transformation of dissolved organic carbon from Arctic permafrost regions \u2013 Part 2: Model evaluation over the Lena River basin", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Abstract. In this second part of a two-part study, we performed a simulation of the carbon and water budget of the Lena catchment with the land surface model ORCHIDEE MICT-LEAK, enabled to simulate dissolved organic carbon (DOC) production in soils and its transport and fate in high-latitude inland waters. The model results are evaluated for their ability to reproduce the fluxes of DOC and carbon dioxide (CO2) along the soil\u2013inland-water continuum and the exchange of CO2 with the atmosphere, including the evasion outgassing of CO2 from inland waters. We present simulation results over the years 1901\u20132007 and show that the model is able to broadly reproduce observed state variables and their emergent properties across a range of interacting physical and biogeochemical processes. These include (1)\u00a0net primary production (NPP), respiration and riverine hydrologic amplitude, seasonality, and inter-annual variation; (2)\u00a0DOC concentrations, bulk annual flow, and their volumetric attribution at the sub-catchment level; (3)\u00a0high headwater versus downstream CO2 evasion, an emergent phenomenon consistent with observations over a spectrum of high-latitude observational studies. These quantities obey emergent relationships with environmental variables like air temperature and topographic slope that have been described in the literature. This gives us confidence in reporting the following additional findings: of the \u223c34\u2009Tg\u2009C\u2009yr\u22121 left over as input to soil matter after NPP is diminished by heterotrophic respiration, 7\u2009Tg\u2009C\u2009yr\u22121 is leached and transported into the aquatic system. Of this, over half (3.6\u2009Tg\u2009C\u2009yr\u22121) is evaded from the inland water surface back into the atmosphere and the remainder (3.4\u2009Tg\u2009C\u2009yr\u22121) flushed out into the Arctic Ocean, mirroring empirically derived studies. These riverine DOC exports represent \u223c1.5\u2009% of NPP. DOC exported from the floodplains is dominantly sourced from recent more \u201clabile\u201d terrestrial production in contrast to DOC leached from the rest of the watershed with runoff and drainage, which is mostly sourced from recalcitrant soil and litter. All else equal, both historical climate change (a spring\u2013summer warming of 1.8\u2009\u2218C over the catchment) and rising atmospheric CO2 (+85.6\u2009ppm) are diagnosed from factorial simulations to contribute similar significant increases in DOC transport via primary production, although this similarity may not hold in the future.</p></article>", "keywords": ["[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "QE1-996.5", "550", "Geology", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "[SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "Sciences de la terre et du cosmos", "13. Climate action", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "Sciences pharmaceutiques", "14. Life underwater", "[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/303330/1/doi_286974.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/303330"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoscientific%20Model%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/303330", "name": "item", "description": "2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/303330", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/303330"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-03-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5424/sjar/2016142-8395", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:24:56Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-06-01", "description": "<p>Agricultural systems where monoculture prevails are characterized by fertility losses and reduced contribution to ecosystem services. Including cover crops (CC) as part of an agricultural system is a promising choice in sustainable intensification of those demanding systems. We evaluated soil microbial functionality in cash crops in response to the inclusion of CC by analyzing soil microbial functions at two different periods of the agricultural year (cash crop harvest and CC desiccation) during 2013 and 2014. Three plant species were used as CC: oat (Avena sativa L.), vetch (Vicia sativa L.) and radish (Raphanus sativus L.) which were sown in two different mixtures of species: oat and radish mix (CC1) and oat, radish and vetch mix (CC2), with soybean monoculture and soybean/corn being the cash crops. The study of community level physiological profiles showed statistical differences in respiration of specific C sources indicating an improvement of catabolic diversity in CC treatments. Soil enzyme activities were also increased with the inclusion of CC mixtures, with values of dehydrogenase activity and fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis up to 38.1% and 35.3% higher than those of the control treatment, respectively. This research evidenced that CC inclusion promotes soil biological quality through a contribution of soil organic carbon, improving the sustainability of agrosystems. The use of a CC mixture of three plant species including the legume vetch increased soil biological processes and catabolic diversity, with no adverse effects on cash crop grain yield.</p>", "keywords": ["diversification", "Plantas de Cobertura", "Soil Microorganisms", "enzymes", "Agricultural environment and ecology", "microorganisms; soil functionality; sustainability; diversification; enzymes", "SUSTAINABILITY", "https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.5", "Microorganismos del Suelo", "11. Sustainability", "https://purl.org/becyt/ford/4.1", "MICROORGANISMS", "https://purl.org/becyt/ford/4", "https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1", "microorganisms", "2. Zero hunger", "S", "Agriculture", "Soil Biology", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "sustainability", "Sostenibilidad", "Sustainability", "SOIL FUNCTIONALITY", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "DIVERSIFICATION", "soil functionality", "ENZYMES", "Biolog\u00eda del Suelo", "Cover Plants"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2016142-8395"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Spanish%20Journal%20of%20Agricultural%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5424/sjar/2016142-8395", "name": "item", "description": "10.5424/sjar/2016142-8395", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5424/sjar/2016142-8395"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "PMC9325267", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:30:32Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-06-28", "title": "A Review on Removal and Destruction of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) by Novel Membranes", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) are anthropogenic chemicals consisting of thousands of individual species. PFAS consists of a fully or partly fluorinated carbon\u2013fluorine bond, which is hard to break and requires a high amount of energy (536 kJ/mole). Resulting from their unique hydrophobic/oleophobic nature and their chemical and mechanical stability, they are highly resistant to thermal, chemical, and biological degradation. PFAS have been used extensively worldwide since the 1940s in various products such as non-stick household items, food-packaging, cosmetics, electronics, and firefighting foams. Exposure to PFAS may lead to health issues such as hormonal imbalances, a compromised immune system, cancer, fertility disorders, and adverse effects on fetal growth and learning ability in children. To date, very few novel membrane approaches have been reported effective in removing and destroying PFAS. Therefore, this article provides a critical review of PFAS treatment and removal approaches by membrane separation systems. We discuss recently reported novel and effective membrane techniques for PFAS separation and include a detailed discussion of parameters affecting PFAS membrane separation and destruction. Moreover, an estimation of cost analysis is also included for each treatment technology. Additionally, since the PFAS treatment technology is still growing, we have incorporated several future directions for efficient PFAS treatment.</p></article>", "keywords": ["novel membranes", "Chemical technology", "PFAS", "TP1-1185", "Review", "coupled technology", "01 natural sciences", "3. Good health", "reverse osmosis", "Chemical engineering", "nanofiltration", "TP155-156", "hybrid membranes", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/12/7/662/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/PMC9325267"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Membranes", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "PMC9325267", "name": "item", "description": "PMC9325267", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PMC9325267"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-06-27T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10357/2809", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-27T16:25:59Z", "type": "Report", "title": "Doctrina cristiana / Aita Gaspar Astete Jesuitac erderaz egui\u00f1a ; ipi\u00f1i zuen eusqueraz D. Juan Irazusta erretore Hernialdecoac.", "description": "Open AccessDigitalizaci\u00f3n Vitoria-Gasteiz Fundaci\u00f3n Sancho el Sabio 2011", "keywords": ["Catecismos."], "contacts": [{"organization": "Astete, Gaspar (S.I.)", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10357/2809"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10357/2809", "name": "item", "description": "10357/2809", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10357/2809"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1876-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10459.1/60556", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:26:02Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-11-10", "title": "Disaggregation of SMOS Soil Moisture to 100 m Resolution Using MODIS Optical/Thermal and Sentinel-1 Radar Data: Evaluation over a Bare Soil Site in Morocco", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>The 40 km resolution SMOS (Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity) soil moisture, previously disaggregated at a 1 km resolution using the DISPATCH (DISaggregation based on Physical And Theoretical scale CHange) method based on MODIS optical/thermal data, is further disaggregated to 100 m resolution using Sentinel-1 backscattering coefficient (\u03c3\u00b0). For this purpose, three distinct radar-based disaggregation methods are tested by linking the spatio-temporal variability of \u03c3\u00b0 and soil moisture data at the 1 km and 100 m resolution. The three methods are: (1) the weight method, which estimates soil moisture at 100 m resolution at a certain time as a function of \u03c3\u00b0 ratio (100 m to 1 km resolution) and the 1 km DISPATCH products of the same time; (2) the regression method which estimates soil moisture as a function of \u03c3\u00b0 where the regression parameters (e.g., intercept and slope) vary in space and time; and (3) the Cumulative Distribution Function (CDF) method, which estimates 100 m resolution soil moisture from the cumulative probability of 100 m resolution backscatter and the maximum to minimum 1 km resolution (DISPATCH) soil moisture difference. In each case, disaggregation results are evaluated against in situ measurements collected between 1 January 2016 and 11 October 2016 over a bare soil site in central Morocco. The determination coefficient (R2) between 1 km resolution DISPATCH and localized in situ soil moisture is 0.31. The regression and CDF methods have marginal effect on improving the DISPATCH accuracy at the station scale with a R2 between remotely sensed and in situ soil moisture of 0.29 and 0.34, respectively. By contrast, the weight method significantly improves the correlation between remotely sensed and in situ soil moisture with a R2 of 0.52. Likewise, the soil moisture estimates show low root mean square difference with in situ measurements (RMSD= 0.032 m3 m\u22123).</p></article>", "keywords": ["soil moisture and ocean salinity satellite (SMOS)", "Atmospheric Science", "Artificial intelligence", "Environmental Engineering", "550", "Science", "Soil Moisture", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Aerospace Engineering", "FOS: Mechanical engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "01 natural sciences", "Environmental science", "[SDU] Sciences of the Universe [physics]", "Engineering", "Meteorology", "DISPATCH", "Image resolution", "Arctic Permafrost Dynamics and Climate Change", "14. Life underwater", "Moisture", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "Soil science", "Water content", "Radar", "Geography", "soil moisture and ocean salinity satellite (SMOS); DISPATCH; radar; Sentinel-1; disaggregation; soil moisture", "Soilmoisture and ocean salinity satellite (SMOS)", "Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry", "Q", "FOS: Environmental engineering", "Geology", "FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences", "Remote sensing", "Remote Sensing of Soil Moisture", "Surface Deformation Monitoring", "Computer science", "Earth and Planetary Sciences", "Groundwater Extraction", "Geotechnical engineering", "[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]", "disaggregation", "Environmental Science", "Physical Sciences", "Sentinel-1", "soil moisture", "radar"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/9/11/1155/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10459.1/60556"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Remote%20Sensing", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10459.1/60556", "name": "item", "description": "10459.1/60556", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10459.1/60556"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-11-10T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10871/31936", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:26:07Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-07-24", "title": "Representation of dissolved organic carbon in the JULES land surface model (vn4.4_JULES-DOCM)", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Abstract. Current global models of the carbon (C) cycle consider only vertical gas exchanges between terrestrial or oceanic reservoirs and the atmosphere, thus not considering lateral transport of carbon from the continents to the oceans. Therefore, those models implicitly consider that all the C which is not respired to the atmosphere is stored on land, hence overestimating the land C sink capability. A model that represents the whole continuum from atmosphere to land and into the ocean would provide better understanding of the Earth's C cycle and hence more reliable historical or future projections. We present an original representation of Dissolved Organic C (DOC) processes in the Joint UK Land Environment Simulator (JULES-DOCM). The standard version of JULES represents energy, water and carbon dynamics between vegetation, soil and atmosphere, while lateral fluxes only account for water run-off. Here we integrate a representation of DOC production in terrestrial ecosystems based on incomplete decomposition of organic matter, DOC decomposition within the soil column, and DOC export to the river network via leaching. The model performance is evaluated in five specific sites for which observations of soil DOC concentration are available. Results show that the model is able to reproduce the DOC concentration and controlling processes including leaching to the riverine system which is fundamental for integrating terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems.</p></article>", "keywords": ["QE1-996.5", "Multidisciplinary", "550", "Physics", "[SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences", "/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/life_on_land; name=SDG 15 - Life on Land", "Geology", "/dk/atira/pure/core/keywords/biology; name=Ecosystems Research", "15. Life on land", "[SDU] Sciences of the Universe [physics]", "Sciences de la terre et du cosmos", "Environmental Sciences related to Agriculture and Land-use", "/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/affordable_and_clean_energy; name=SDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy", "[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]", "/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1900; name=Earth and Planetary Sciences(all)", "13. Climate action", "[SDU.STU] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences", "14. Life underwater", "Geosciences", " Multidisciplinary", "Geosciences", "/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2600/2611; name=Modelling and Simulation"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/15362/1/Nakhavali_et_al_180507.pdf"}, {"href": "https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/11/593/2018/gmd-11-593-2018.pdf"}, {"href": "https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/282704/1/doi_266331.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10871/31936"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoscientific%20Model%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10871/31936", "name": "item", "description": "10871/31936", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10871/31936"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-07-24T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "11585/910145", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:26:18Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-11-09", "title": "The International Soil Moisture Network: serving  Earth system science for over a decade", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Abstract. In\u00a02009, the International Soil Moisture Network\u00a0(ISMN) was initiated as a community effort, funded by the European Space Agency, to serve as a centralised data hosting facility for globally available in situ soil moisture measurements (Dorigo et\u00a0al.,\u00a02011b, a). The ISMN brings together in situ soil moisture measurements collected and freely shared by a multitude of organisations, harmonises them in terms of units and sampling rates, applies advanced quality control, and stores them in a database. Users can freely retrieve the data from this database through an online web portal (https://ismn.earth/en/, last access: 28\u00a0October\u00a02021). Meanwhile, the ISMN has evolved into the primary in situ soil moisture reference database worldwide, as evidenced by more than 3000\u00a0active users and over 1000\u00a0scientific publications referencing the data sets provided by the network. As of July\u00a02021, the ISMN now contains the data of 71\u00a0networks and 2842\u00a0stations located all over the globe, with a time period spanning from\u00a01952 to the present. The number of networks and stations covered by the ISMN is still growing, and approximately 70\u2009% of the data sets contained in the database continue to be updated on a regular or irregular basis. The main scope of this paper is to inform readers about the evolution of the ISMN over the past decade, including a description of network and data set updates and quality control procedures. A comprehensive review of the existing literature making use of ISMN data is also provided in order to identify current limitations in functionality and data usage and to shape priorities for the next decade of operations of this unique community-based data repository.</p></article>", "keywords": ["[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "Technology", "Atmospheric Science", "550", "Soil Moisture", "TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)", "02 engineering and technology", "Soil Moisture; ISMN; IMA_CAN1; swc; STEMS", "SMOS BRIGHTNESS TEMPERATURE", "Spatial variability", "Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering", "01 natural sciences", "Agency (philosophy)", "remote sensing", "Antecedent wetness conditions", "Engineering", "Geography. Anthropology. Recreation", "GE1-350", "Geosciences", " Multidisciplinary", "TD1-1066", "Smos brightness temperature", "Heihe river-basin", "T", "Soil Water Retention", "Geology", "Leaf-area index", "004", "FOS: Philosophy", " ethics and religion", "Programming language", "HEIHE RIVER-BASIN", "Earth and Planetary Sciences", "Physical Sciences", "Water Resources", "name=Water Science and Technology", "/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1900/1901", "Medicine", "0406 Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience", "name=Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)", "3709 Physical geography and environmental geoscience", "Mechanics and Transport in Unsaturated Soils", "Environmental Engineering", "SPATIAL VARIABILITY", "IN-SITU MEASUREMENTS", "0207 environmental engineering", "Epistemology", "0905 Civil Engineering", "Environmental science", "G", "Database", "LAND DATA ASSIMILATION", "Soil Moisture; network", "WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK", "Arctic Permafrost Dynamics and Climate Change", "Scope (computer science)", "Land data assimilation", "Civil and Structural Engineering", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/550", "Science & Technology", "3707 Hydrology", "Consecutive dry days", "LEAF-AREA INDEX", "in situ", "FOS: Environmental engineering", "AMSR-E", "15. Life on land", "Remote Sensing of Soil Moisture", "ANTECEDENT WETNESS CONDITIONS", "Globe", "Computer science", "Environmental sciences", "QE Geology", "0907 Environmental Engineering", "Philosophy", "Ophthalmology", "In-situ measurements", "13. Climate action", "ITC-ISI-JOURNAL-ARTICLE", "global scale", "Environmental Science", "G70.212-70.215 Geographic information system", "4013 Geomatic engineering", "soil moisture", "CONSECUTIVE DRY DAYS", "ITC-GOLD", "/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2300/2312", "Wireless sensor network"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://iris.polito.it/bitstream/11583/2998914/1/prod_447100-doc_161016.pdf"}, {"href": "https://iris.polito.it/bitstream/11583/2998914/2/prod_447100-doc_178365.pdf"}, {"href": "https://cris.unibo.it/bitstream/11585/910145/1/Dourigo_etal_2021.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/11585/910145"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Hydrology%20and%20Earth%20System%20Sciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "11585/910145", "name": "item", "description": "11585/910145", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/11585/910145"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-11-09T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2767588274", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-27T16:27:11Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-11-10", "title": "Disaggregation of SMOS Soil Moisture to 100 m Resolution Using MODIS Optical/Thermal and Sentinel-1 Radar Data: Evaluation over a Bare Soil Site in Morocco", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>The 40 km resolution SMOS (Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity) soil moisture, previously disaggregated at a 1 km resolution using the DISPATCH (DISaggregation based on Physical And Theoretical scale CHange) method based on MODIS optical/thermal data, is further disaggregated to 100 m resolution using Sentinel-1 backscattering coefficient (\u03c3\u00b0). For this purpose, three distinct radar-based disaggregation methods are tested by linking the spatio-temporal variability of \u03c3\u00b0 and soil moisture data at the 1 km and 100 m resolution. The three methods are: (1) the weight method, which estimates soil moisture at 100 m resolution at a certain time as a function of \u03c3\u00b0 ratio (100 m to 1 km resolution) and the 1 km DISPATCH products of the same time; (2) the regression method which estimates soil moisture as a function of \u03c3\u00b0 where the regression parameters (e.g., intercept and slope) vary in space and time; and (3) the Cumulative Distribution Function (CDF) method, which estimates 100 m resolution soil moisture from the cumulative probability of 100 m resolution backscatter and the maximum to minimum 1 km resolution (DISPATCH) soil moisture difference. In each case, disaggregation results are evaluated against in situ measurements collected between 1 January 2016 and 11 October 2016 over a bare soil site in central Morocco. The determination coefficient (R2) between 1 km resolution DISPATCH and localized in situ soil moisture is 0.31. The regression and CDF methods have marginal effect on improving the DISPATCH accuracy at the station scale with a R2 between remotely sensed and in situ soil moisture of 0.29 and 0.34, respectively. By contrast, the weight method significantly improves the correlation between remotely sensed and in situ soil moisture with a R2 of 0.52. Likewise, the soil moisture estimates show low root mean square difference with in situ measurements (RMSD= 0.032 m3 m\u22123).</p></article>", "keywords": ["soil moisture and ocean salinity satellite (SMOS)", "Atmospheric Science", "Artificial intelligence", "Environmental Engineering", "550", "Science", "Soil Moisture", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Aerospace Engineering", "FOS: Mechanical engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "01 natural sciences", "Environmental science", "[SDU] Sciences of the Universe [physics]", "Engineering", "Meteorology", "DISPATCH", "Image resolution", "Arctic Permafrost Dynamics and Climate Change", "14. Life underwater", "Moisture", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "Soil science", "Water content", "Radar", "Geography", "soil moisture and ocean salinity satellite (SMOS); DISPATCH; radar; Sentinel-1; disaggregation; soil moisture", "Soilmoisture and ocean salinity satellite (SMOS)", "Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry", "Q", "FOS: Environmental engineering", "Geology", "FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences", "Remote sensing", "Remote Sensing of Soil Moisture", "Surface Deformation Monitoring", "Computer science", "Earth and Planetary Sciences", "Groundwater Extraction", "Geotechnical engineering", "[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]", "disaggregation", "Environmental Science", "Physical Sciences", "Sentinel-1", "soil moisture", "radar"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/9/11/1155/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/2767588274"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Remote%20Sensing", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2767588274", "name": "item", "description": "2767588274", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2767588274"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-11-10T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/261804", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:26:50Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-10-23", "title": "ORCHILEAK (revision 3875): a new model branch to simulate carbon transfers along the terrestrial\u2013aquatic continuum of the Amazon basin", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Abstract. Lateral transfer of carbon (C) from terrestrial ecosystems into the inland water network is an important component of the global C cycle, which sustains a large aquatic CO2 evasion flux fuelled by the decomposition of allochthonous C inputs. Globally, estimates of the total C exports through the terrestrial\u2013aquatic interface range from 1.5 to 2.7\u202fPg\u202fC\u202fyr\u22121 (Cole et al., 2007; Battin et al., 2009; Tranvik et al., 2009), i.e. of the order of 2\u20135\u202f% of the terrestrial NPP. Earth system models (ESMs) of the climate system ignore these lateral transfers of C, and thus likely overestimate the terrestrial C sink. In this study, we present the implementation of fluvial transport of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and CO2 into ORCHIDEE (Organising Carbon and Hydrology in Dynamic Ecosystems), the land surface scheme of the Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace ESM. This new model branch, called ORCHILEAK, represents DOC production from canopy and soils, DOC and CO2 leaching from soils to streams, DOC decomposition, and CO2 evasion to the atmosphere during its lateral transport in rivers, as well as exchange with the soil carbon and litter stocks on floodplains and in swamps. We parameterized and validated ORCHILEAK for the Amazon basin, the world's largest river system with regard to discharge and one of the most productive ecosystems in the world. With ORCHILEAK, we are able to reproduce observed terrestrial and aquatic fluxes of DOC and CO2 in the Amazon basin, both in terms of mean values and seasonality. In addition, we are able to resolve the spatio-temporal variability in C fluxes along the canopy\u2013soil\u2013water continuum at high resolution (1\u00b0, daily) and to quantify the different terrestrial contributions to the aquatic C fluxes. We simulate that more than two-thirds of the Amazon's fluvial DOC export are contributed by the decomposition of submerged litter. Throughfall DOC fluxes from canopy to ground are about as high as the total DOC inputs to inland waters. The latter, however, are mainly sustained by litter decomposition. Decomposition of DOC and submerged plant litter contributes slightly more than half of the CO2 evasion from the water surface, while the remainder is contributed by soil respiration. Total CO2 evasion from the water surface equals about 5\u202f% of the terrestrial NPP. Our results highlight that ORCHILEAK is well suited to simulate carbon transfers along the terrestrial\u2013aquatic continuum of tropical forests. It also opens the perspective that provided parameterization, calibration and validation is performed for other biomes, the new model branch could improve the quantification of the global terrestrial C sink and help better constrain carbon cycle\u2013climate feedbacks in future projections.</p></article>", "keywords": ["[SDU] Sciences of the Universe [physics]", "Sciences de la terre et du cosmos", "570", "QE1-996.5", "550", "[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]", "13. Climate action", "Geology", "Sciences pharmaceutiques", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/10/3821/2017/gmd-10-3821-2017.pdf"}, {"href": "https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/261804/4/doi_245431.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/261804"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoscientific%20Model%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/261804", "name": "item", "description": "2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/261804", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/261804"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-10-23T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/282703", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:26:50Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-03-15", "title": "ORCHIDEE-SOM: modeling soil organic carbon (SOC) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) dynamics along vertical soil profiles in Europe", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Abstract. Current land surface models (LSMs) typically represent soils in a\u00a0very simplistic way, assuming soil organic carbon (SOC) as a\u00a0bulk, and thus impeding a\u00a0correct representation of deep soil carbon dynamics. Moreover, LSMs generally neglect the production and export of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from soils to rivers, leading to overestimations of the potential carbon sequestration on land. This common oversimplified processing of SOC in LSMs is partly responsible for the large uncertainty in the predictions of the soil carbon response to climate change. In this study, we present a\u00a0new soil carbon module called ORCHIDEE-SOM, embedded within the land surface model ORCHIDEE, which is able to reproduce the DOC and SOC dynamics in a\u00a0vertically discretized soil to 2\u202fm. The model includes processes of biological production and consumption of SOC and DOC, DOC adsorption on and desorption from soil minerals, diffusion of SOC and DOC, and DOC transport with water through and out of the soils to rivers. We evaluated ORCHIDEE-SOM against observations of DOC concentrations and SOC stocks from four European sites with different vegetation covers: a\u00a0coniferous forest, a\u00a0deciduous forest, a\u00a0grassland, and a\u00a0cropland. The model was able to reproduce the SOC stocks along their vertical profiles at the four sites and the DOC concentrations within the range of measurements, with the exception of the DOC concentrations in the upper soil horizon at the coniferous forest. However, the model was not able to fully capture the temporal dynamics of DOC concentrations. Further model improvements should focus on a\u00a0plant- and depth-dependent parameterization of the new input model parameters, such as the turnover times of DOC and the microbial carbon use efficiency. We suggest that this new soil module, when parameterized for global simulations, will improve the representation of the global carbon cycle in LSMs, thus helping to constrain the predictions of the future SOC response to global warming.</p></article>", "keywords": ["550", "/dk/atira/pure/core/keywords/nachhaltigkeitswissenschaft; name=Sustainability Science", "Climate", "/dk/atira/pure/discipline/B000/B006/B410-bodembeheer", "01 natural sciences", "/dk/atira/pure/thematic/inbo_th_00043", "/dk/atira/pure/thematic/inbo_th_00022", "SDG 13 - Climate Action", "/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/climate_action; name=SDG 13 - Climate Action", "/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2600/2611; name=Modelling and Simulation", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean", "Woods and parks", "QE1-996.5", "Atmosphere", "[SDU.OCEAN] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean", " Atmosphere", "Physics", "/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/life_on_land; name=SDG 15 - Life on Land", "Geology", "Geokemi", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "[SDU.ENVI] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", " environment", "Sciences de la terre et du cosmos", "Geochemistry", "/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1900; name=Earth and Planetary Sciences(all)", "13. Climate action", "8. Economic growth", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "[SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", "environment", "B410-soil-science"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/11/937/2018/gmd-11-937-2018.pdf"}, {"href": "https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/282703/1/doi_266330.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/282703"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoscientific%20Model%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/282703", "name": "item", "description": "2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/282703", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/282703"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-11-16T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2288664970", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:27:02Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-03-05", "title": "Comparison of remote sensing and simulated soil moisture datasets in Mediterranean landscapes", "description": "AbstractThis paper presents the comparison of three global soil moisture products (ASCAT, AMSR and SMOS) versus a land surface model over a region representative of several Mediterranean landscapes located in the Northeast of the Iberian Peninsula. Our approach has been for agricultural and water management applications at the regional and local scale. Despite being a rather small area, we were able to observe different signal behaviours corresponding to major land cover classes in Mediterranean areas i.e.: dryland and irrigated crops, forests and natural vegetation (grass-shrubs). The area also allowed assessing the impact of topography. The first result of the study is that the results are very dependent on the normalizations used to make the data comparable, thus their impact must be carefully analysed. In this study, we applied two different normalisation methods (called ZV35 and ZV) and different moving average windows (1, 10 and 30days) in order to enhance seasonal effects. Using no smoothing window, ASCAT is the soil moisture product that correlates best with the LSM over all cover classes, whatever the method. Using smoothing window, AMSR-E tends to outperform other soil moisture products with the ZV method. The ZV35 method is not able to identify a small heavily irrigated area. The reason for these different results is that ZV35, tends to eliminate the monthly scale soil moisture memory and therefore becomes more sensitive to precipitation and less sensitive to the monthly evolution of superficial soil moisture. The comparison shows in general good agreement for all soil moisture products with the LSM on the temporal series simulated over flat, non irrigated areas which are not close to the sea. SMOS has difficulties in areas close to the sea and in areas with steep relief and the current version of the L2 Operational Algorithm (V5.51) depicts few values in forested areas. ASCAT, in its turn, shows some limitations over agricultural and natural vegetation where it shows an increase of soil moisture from June to October probably due to increase of penetration depth in dry soil moisture conditions. AMSR-E LPRM shows a clear vegetation cycle over all the land cover classes. From all the remote sensing products, SMOS is the only one able to see irrigation and the only that does not show clear vegetation or roughness effects. In this study, we were able to assess the impact of higher resolution soil moisture products to map irrigated areas.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0207 environmental engineering", "Soil Science", "Agriculture", "Geology", "AMSR-E", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "16. Peace & justice", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Water management", "ASCAT", "13. Climate action", "Regional scale", "LSM", "Soil moisture", "Computers in Earth Sciences", "Irrigation", "SMOS", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/2288664970"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Remote%20Sensing%20of%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2288664970", "name": "item", "description": "2288664970", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2288664970"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=SMOS&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=SMOS&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "first", "title": "items (first)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=SMOS&", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "last", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (last)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=SMOS&offset=30", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 30, "numberReturned": 30, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-07-28T09:08:20.047744Z"}