{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.02.008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-04-13", "title": "Seasonality Of Soil Biological Properties In A Poplar Plantation Growing Under Elevated Atmospheric Co2", "description": "Abstract   Microorganisms are the regulators of decomposition processes occurring in soil, they also constitute a labile fraction of potentially available N. Microbial mineralization and nutrient cycling could be affected through altered plant inputs at elevated CO2. An understanding of microbial biomass and microbial activity in response to belowground processes induced by elevated CO2 is thus crucial in order to predict the long-term response of ecosystems to climatic changes. Microbial biomass, microbial respiration, inorganic N, extractable P and six enzymatic activities related to C, N, P and S cycling (\u03b2-glucosidase, cellulase, chitinase, protease, acid phosphatase and arylsulphatase) were investigated in soils of a poplar plantation exposed to elevated CO2. Clones of Populus alba, Populus nigra and Populus x euramericana were grown in six 314\u00a0m2 plots treated either with atmospheric (control) or enriched (550\u00a0\u03bcmol\u00a0mol\u22121 CO2) CO2 concentration with FACE technology (free-air CO2 enrichment). Chemical and biochemical parameters were monitored throughout a year in soil samples collected at five sampling dates starting from Autumn 2000 to Autumn 2001.  The aim of the present work was: (1) to determine if CO2 enrichment induces modifications to soil microbial pool size and metabolism, (2) to test how the seasonal fluctuations of soil biochemical properties and CO2 level interact, (3) to evaluate if microbial nutrient acquisition activity is changed under elevated CO2.  CO2 enrichment significantly affected soil nutrient content and three enzyme activities: acid phosphatase, chitinase and arylsulphatase, indicators of nutrient acquisition activity. Microbial biomass increased by a 16% under elevated CO2. All soil biochemical properties were significantly affected by the temporal variability and the interaction between time and CO2 level significantly influenced \u03b2-glucosidase activity and microbial respiration. Data on arylsulphatase and chitinase activity suggest a possible shift of microbial population in favour of fungi induced by the FACE treatment.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.02.008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.02.008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.02.008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.02.008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.03.003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-04-20", "title": "Effects Of Organic Versus Conventional Management On Chemical And Biological Parameters In Agricultural Soils", "description": "Abstract   A comparative study of organic and conventional arable farming systems was conducted in The Netherlands to determine the effect of management practices on chemical and biological soil properties and soil health. Soils from thirteen accredited organic farms and conventionally managed neighboring farms were analyzed using a polyphasic approach combining traditional soil analysis, culture-dependent and independent microbiological analyses, a nematode community analysis and an enquiry about different management practices among the farmers. Organic management, known primarily for the abstinence of artificial fertilizers and pesticides, resulted in significantly lower levels of both nitrate and total soluble nitrogen in the soil, higher numbers of bacteria of different trophic groups, as well as larger species richness in both bacteria and nematode communities and more resilience to a drying\u2013rewetting disturbance in the soil. The organic farmers plough their fields less deeply and tend to apply more organic carbon to their fields, but this did not result in a significantly higher organic carbon content in their soils. The levels of ammonium, organic nitrogen, phosphate and total phosphorus did not differ, significantly between the soils under different management. Fifty percent of the conventional Dutch farmers also used organic fertilizers and the numbers of farmers using a green crop fertilizer did not differ between the two management types. Soil type \u2013 clayey or sandy soil \u2013 in general had a much stronger effect on the soil characteristics than management type. The soil type influenced pH, nitrate, ammonium, phosphate and organic carbon levels as well as numbers of oligotrophic bacteria and of different groups of nematodes, and different diversity indices. With the collected data set certain soil characteristics could also be attributed to the use of different management practices like plow depth, crop or cover crop type or to the management history of the soil.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "agroecosystems", "microbial-populations", "species composition", "plant", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "maturity index", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "diversity", "communities", "gradient gel-electrophoresis", "low-input", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "farming systems"], "contacts": [{"organization": "van Diepeningen, A.D., de Vos, O.J., Korthals, G.W., van Bruggen, A.H.C.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.03.003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.03.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.03.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.03.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.06.002", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-12-28", "title": "Biochemical Variability Of Olive-Orchard Soils Under Different Management Systems", "description": "Abstract   This work undertakes the biochemical characterization of olive-orchard soils cultivated under three different management systems: conventional, integrated, and organic. The orchards are located in two districts of Andalusia (S Spain): Pedroches Valley (Cordoba province) and Montes Orientales (Granada province). In each soil, the activities of various enzymes were determined \u2013 oxide reductases (dehydrogenase, o-diphenol oxidase), hydrolytic activities linked to the C- and P-cycles (\u03b2-glucosidase and phosphatase) and indolacetic acid production (auxins) \u2013 as were phenol concentrations, pH, and total organic carbon of the soil.  The biochemical activity of the soils studied differed depending on the cultivation or weed\u2013control system. The soils developed under organic management in general presented greater biological activity and greater hydrolytic activity than those under integrated or conventional cultivation. The data, processed by discriminant analysis, divided the soils into three well-differentiated groups. Of all the soils considered a priori as soils under organic management, 89% were classified as belonging to the same group, while the remaining 11% showed characteristics similar to those of the integrated management group. The discriminant analysis proved especially effective to differentiate olive-orchard soils treated with herbicides from those without such treatment; the fit between the soils considered as belonging to each of the weed\u2013control systems and those predicted by the discriminant model was 100%.  The biochemical response of the soil, therefore, differed according to the type of management, and this could be used as a possible control system of crops under organic cultivation.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.06.002"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.06.002", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.06.002", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.06.002"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geomorph.2022.108397", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-08-05", "title": "A global review of subaqueous spreading and its morphological and sedimentological characteristics: A database for highlighting the current state of the art", "description": "Highlights  \u2022    Subaqueous spreading occurs on gently inclined surfaces (<3\u00b0). \u2022    Gliding planes could be clays or sandy materials undergoing loss of strength. \u2022    It is documented on some of the largest marine landslides. \u2022    SubSpread Database includes 32 case studies. \u2022    Contourite and glaciogenic deposits represent often the slipping surfaces.  Abstract  Subaqueous spreading, a type of extensional mass transport that is characterized by a ridge and trough morphology, has been documented globally but is poorly understood. Subaqueous spreading is observed on gently inclined surfaces (typically <3\u00b0) when sediment bodies experience a sudden reduction of shear strength along their basal plane during clay softening or liquefaction of sands or silty sand sediment. Historically, spreading has been associated with very large landslides, but many unknown aspects of these mass movements have yet to be clarified. Does spreading influences the large catastrophic failure? What are the sedimentological and morphological aspects that contribute in initiating this process? These are some of the research questions that spurred the present work. Here, we introduce a database that incorporates information from thirty-two case studies, and use this to provide key insights into the sedimentary and morphological aspects of subaqueous spreading that will assist in the identification of spreading elsewhere. We find that subaqueous spreading is most common along passive glacial margins, but is also observed along active margins. The occurrence of contourites interlayered with glaciogenic deposits is, in most cases, associated with landslides (or landslide complexes) with spreading morphology. The database shows that seismic loading is commonly suggested to be the dominant trigger mechanism, although more geotechnical observations and modelling analysis would be needed to support this conclusion. We compare subaqueous spreading with terrestrial spreading, in particular to earthquake-related lateral spreading and clay landslides. We find that subaqueous spreading shares the same driving processes and potentially also some of the trigger mechanisms that are associated with the terrestrial spreading cases. Future work will be required to address the association between spreading and its occurrence on some of the largest landslides on Earth, its development mechanism, and its potential hazard implications.", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "14. Life underwater", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/56812/8/1-s2.0-S0169555X22002902-main.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2022.108397"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geomorphology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geomorph.2022.108397", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geomorph.2022.108397", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geomorph.2022.108397"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.08.002", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-09-27", "title": "Pollution-Induced Community Tolerance Of Microorganisms From Forest Soil Organic Layers Polluted With Zn Or Cu", "description": "Abstract   The long-term accumulation of heavy metals in forest soil organic layers may adversely affect soil microorganisms. The objectives of the study were to assess the effects of high contents of Cu and Zn on the soil microbial communities and their tolerance to metal pollution. Several microbial indices such as microbial biomass (C mic ), the basal soil respiration (BAS), the community level physiological profiles (CLPP) and the pollution-induced community tolerance (PICT) approach, based on Biolog \u00ae  EcoPlate assay, were used. The soil organic layer samples were taken in the Cu-polluted (CuP), Zn-polluted (ZnP) and unpolluted (UP) Scots pine forests. Despite very high total heavy metal concentrations in soils C mic , BAS and CLPPs at the polluted sites did not differ from those at the UP sites. A damaging effect of heavy metals was detected only by the tolerance measurements with Biolog \u00ae  plates. PICT to Cu at the CuP sites was found for five substrates. At the ZnP sites significant PICT to Zn was found for 10 out of 31 substrates. Furthermore, the CuP samples exhibited lower resistance to Zn and the ZnP samples to Cu compared with the UP samples, indicating that at the polluted sites microbial resistance to additional stress caused by another metal was decreased. Since the tolerance measurements using Biolog \u00ae  assay appeared to be more sensitive than other methods used, we concluded that this approach could be useful in environmental risk assessment.", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.08.002"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.08.002", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.08.002", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.08.002"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.09.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-11-09", "title": "Changes Of Natural C-13 Abundance In Microbial Biomass During Litter Decomposition", "description": "Abstract   The carbon (C) isotopic composition of soil microbial biomass (SMB) was measured in litter-amended and control plots located at three different elevations (280\u20132210\u00a0m, sea level) during the decomposition of plant litter (Vicia villosa) added to upland soils in southwest China. Fourteen months around the addition of litter, soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC) was followed during experiments. Results showed that SMBC was significantly higher in the litter-amended plots than the controls at the two lowest but not the highest elevation and there was no corresponding difference in microbial \u03b413C values at the same time. However, microbial \u03b413C values at the two lowest sites were significantly higher in the litter-amended plots immediately following the peak of microbial C. The \u03b413C value of SMBC in litter-amended plot was higher than that in control plot, indicating that the degree of microbial decomposition and quality of plant litter will effect on shift of \u03b413C values of SMBC, which may be mainly caused by microbial selective utilization of organic compounds. The sequence of magnitude of \u03b413C value of SMBC was consistent with that of soil organic carbon (SOC) among three experiment sites, indicating that the \u03b413C value of SMBC reflects gross changes in the \u03b413C value of SOC in the corresponding samples.", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "J.M. Zhu, Liu Chunliang, He-Chun Piao, G.S. Liu, F.X. Tao,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.09.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.09.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.09.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.09.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.01.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-03-21", "title": "Differences In Soil Respiration Between Different Tropical Ecosystems", "description": "We examined the relationship between soil respiration rate and environmental determinants in three types of tropical forest ecosystem\u2014primary forest, secondary forest, and an oil palm plantation in the Pasoh Forest Reserve on the Malaysian Peninsula. In August 2000, the soil respiration rate and environmental factors (soil temperature, soil water content, soil C and N contents, biomass of fine roots, and microbes) were measured at 12\u201316 points in research quadrats. Soil respiration rates were 831 \ufffd 480, 1104 \ufffd 995,", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.01.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.01.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.01.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.01.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.08.009", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-11-14", "title": "Carbon Dioxide And Nitrous Oxide Fluxes From Soil As Influenced By Anecic And Endogeic Earthworms", "description": "Earthworm-microbial interactions may stimulate CO2 and N2O emissions from soil. This study examined the influence of anecic and endogeic earthworms, represented byLumbricus terrestris L. and Aporrectodea caliginosa Savigny, on CO2 and N2O fluxes, and on the processes (denitrification, nitrification) that lead to N2O flux from an agricultural soil. Laboratory microcosms, with and without earthworms, were incubated at 15 8C and 40% water-filled pore space, and headspace gases were sampled after 1, 4, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. Denitrifica- tion and nitrification processes were then evaluated in a 24 h acetylene inhibition experi- ment. Earthworms were responsible for 7-58% of the total CO2 flux from soil, compared to the control (no earthworms), but did not affect the N2O flux. The CO2 flux was greater when more earthworms were present, and in microcosms with mixed L. terrestris and A. caliginosa populations, suggesting that microbial respiration could be stimulated by the interactions of anecic and endogeic earthworms. Denitrification was the dominant process leading to N2O production from microcosms with L. terrestris, while nitrification was more important in microcosms with A. caliginosa. Microcosms with mixed populations produced more N2O from denitrification than nitrification. Species-specific stimulation of nitrifiers and deni- trifiers may be related to unique structures (casts, burrows) produced by L. terrestris and A. caliginosa, but this remains to be confirmed.", "keywords": ["0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.08.009"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.08.009", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.08.009", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.08.009"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.09.003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-10-27", "title": "Variation In Macrofaunal Communities Under Contrasting Land Use Systems In Eastern Zambia", "description": "This study compared soil macrofauna under miombo woodland, maize grown in agroforestry systems including fallows of gliricidia (Gliricidia sepium), acacia (Acacia anguistissima), leucaena (Leucaena collinsi) and calliandra (Calliandra calothyrsus), and monoculture maize at Mesekera (loamy ferric luvisols) and Kalunga (sandy ferric luvisols), Zambia. Richness, estimated by the number of taxa per sample, varied significantly with land use category and treatments within a land use category at both sites. The highest and lowest richness in invertebrate taxa was recorded under the miombo woodland and monoculture maize, respectively. The abundance of total macrofauna (all taxa combined) was highest under the miombo woodland and lowest under monoculture maize. Abundance of macrofauna under the various land use categories was also higher in December\u2010February (rainy season) than in July (dry season). Millipedes and centipedes were present in 0\u20105% of the soil samples under monoculture maize at the two sites, and in 10\u201030% of the samples at any given time under the miombo woodland and agroforestry land use categories. Earthworms, beetles and ants were generally scarcer under monoculture maize compared to the agroforestry species. Maize grain yield was higher when grown with tree species such as gliricidia that produced good quality organic inputs and harboured more litter transformers than those with low quality inputs such as calliandra. It is concluded that improved fallows using these legumes have positive impacts on soil invertebrates. # 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.09.003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.09.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.09.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.09.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.10.002", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-12-02", "title": "Heavy Metal Toxicity In Rhizobium Leguminosarum Biovar Viciae Isolated From Soils Subjected To Different Sources Of Heavy-Metal Contamination: Effects On Protein Expression", "description": "Heavy metals adversely influence microorganisms, affecting their growth, morphology and activities. Metals also can exert a selective pressure on the organisms, resulting in microbial populations with higher tolerance to metals. Given the importance of legumes in animal and human consumption and their use in maintaining soil fertility, some attention has been given to the effects that heavy metals exert on Rhizobium isolates. In this context, Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar viciae was isolated from areas with different heavy metal contents and their tolerances were compared. Alterations in the protein pool of Rhizobium populations were also evaluated. Physicochemical parameters were determined and heavy metal concentrations in soils were analysed by ICP-AES. Isolates were screened for their tolerance in YEM media supplemented with different heavy metals (Zn, Pb, Co, Cd, Ni, Cr). Proteins were extracted and separated by SDS-PAGE. EI1 and EI2 (engineering industries) soils presented the highest metal concentration, and were therefore the most polluted soils. Isolates showed different growth responses to heavy metals. C (control soil) and M (mines) isolates were less tolerant than EI1, EI2 and CI (chemical industries) isolates. Metals influenced their protein profiles, most of the alterations corresponding to decreases in polypeptide expression. However, in tolerant isolates these alterations corresponding basically to increases, as occurred in CI isolates.    This work suggests that there is a relationship between Rhizobium's tolerance, heavy metal soil contamination and alterations in protein pool. As a result, the analysis of protein alterations seems to be a good indicator to estimate the level of stress imposed on Rhizobium populations submitted to heavy-metal contamination.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.10.002"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.10.002", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.10.002", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.10.002"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.02.004", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-05-05", "title": "Effects Of Macro-Decomposers On Litter Decomposition And Soil Properties In Alpine Pastureland: A Mesocosm Experiment", "description": "Abstract   To analyse decomposition dynamics on abandoned alpine pastureland where organic material accumulates on the soil surface a mesocosm experiment was conducted. Twelve treatments were set up in a two-factorial design analysing food preferences (grass or dwarf shrub litter) of primary (Lumbricus rubellus, Dendrobaena octaedra, Cylindroiulus fulviceps) and secondary macro-decomposers (Octolasion lacteum, Enantiulus nanus), and their effect on decomposition processes, soil and microbial parameters (pH, soil organic matter content, C/N ratio, soil aggregate stability, basal respiration, microbial biomass).  The primary decomposers L. rubellus and C. fulviceps strongly increased decomposition, while secondary decomposers and the presence of both a primary and a secondary decomposer had no or even negative effects on litter breakdown. Surprisingly, L. rubellus and C. fulviceps preferentially fed on dwarf shrub litter which we assumed to be of low food quality. It is concluded that factors other than the quality of the litter material are responsible for the reduced litter decomposition on abandoned alpine pastureland.  Most soil parameters (pH, soil organic matter content, C/N ratio, basal respiration) were only slightly affected by the presence of decomposer species. Effects of interactions between earthworms significantly increased soil aggregate stability by 10\u201315% and microbial biomass by up to 121%. On the other hand the presence of millipedes significantly decreased soil aggregate stability and microbial biomass. Although most soil chemical and microbial parameters were only slightly affected by the presence of soil animals, presumably due to the short incubation time, statistical analyses showed the presence of macro-decomposers to be an important factor for litter decomposition.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.02.004"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.02.004", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.02.004", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.02.004"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.05.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-06-19", "title": "Influence Of Organic And Mineral Amendments On Microbial Soil Properties And Processes", "description": "Abstract   Microbial diversity in soils is considered important for maintaining sustainability of agricultural production systems. However, the links between microbial diversity and ecosystem processes are not well understood. This study was designed to gain better understanding of the effects of short-term management practices on the microbial community and how changes in the microbial community affect key soil processes. The effects of different forms of nitrogen (N) on soil biology and N dynamics was determined in two soils with organic and conventional management histories that varied in soil microbial properties but had the same fertility. The soils were amended with equal amounts of N (100\u00a0kg\u00a0ha\u22121) in organic (lupin, Lupinus angustifolius L.) and mineral form (urea), respectively. Over a 91-day period, microbial biomass C and N, dehydrogenase enzyme activity, community structure of pseudomondas (sensu stricto), actinomycetes and \u03b1 proteobacteria (by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) following PCR amplification of 16S rDNA fragments) and N mineralisation were measured. Lupin amendment resulted in a two- to five-fold increase in microbial biomass and enzyme activity, while these parameters did not differ significantly between the urea and control treatments. The PCR\u2013DGGE analysis showed that the addition of mineral and organic compounds had an influence on the microbial community composition in the short term (up to 10 days) but the effects were not sustained over the 91-day incubation period. Microbial community structure was strongly influenced by the presence or lack of substrate, while the type of amendment (organic or mineral) had an effect on microbial biomass size and activity. These findings show that the addition of green manures improved soil biology by increasing microbial biomass and activity irrespective of management history, that no direct relationship existed among microbial structure, enzyme activity and N mineralisation, and that microbial community structure (by PCR\u2013DGGE) was more strongly influenced by inherent soil and environmental factors than by short-term management practices.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "570", "ANZSRC::31 Biological sciences", "nitrogen mineralisation", "urea", "ANZSRC::30 Agricultural", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "630", "6. Clean water", "lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) green manure", "Marsden::300102 Soil biology", "veterinary and food sciences", "microbial community structure", "13. Climate action", "ANZSRC::41 Environmental sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "DGGE", "organic and conventional farming practices"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.05.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.05.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.05.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.05.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.04.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-05-30", "title": "The Effect Of Litter Quality And Soil Faunal Composition On Organic Matter Dynamics In Post-Mining Soil: A Laboratory Study", "description": "Abstract   Laboratory microcosms were constructed consisting of mineral soil (alkaline clay spoil substrate from brown-coal mine tailings) and two types of litter: (1) taken from an unreclaimed site with naturally developed vegetation (mostly Salix caprea) or (2) collected from an alder plantation (a mixture of Alnus glutinosa and A. incana). Microcosms with both kinds of litter were inoculated with five different types of decomposer community: (1) microorganisms-only, (2) microorganisms\u00a0+\u00a0mesofauna, (3) microorganisms\u00a0+\u00a0mesofauna\u00a0+\u00a0litter feeding macro-arthropods (millipedes and diptern larvae), (4) microorganisms\u00a0+\u00a0mesofauna\u00a0+\u00a0litter dwelling earthworms (Dendrobaena octaedra and Dendrodrilus rubidus) and (5) microorganisms\u00a0+\u00a0mesofauna\u00a0+\u00a0Lumbricus rubellus. Microorganisms and animals used for microcosms inoculation were collected in the same sites as the litter used in the microcosms. Four replicates for each of 10 treatments were incubated in the dark at 15\u00a0\u00b0C for 90 days.  The presence of macrofauna resulted in more extensive litter removal from the litter layer in microcosms derived from the reclaimed site, while in microcosms derived from the unreclaimed site, litter removal increased significantly only in the earthworm treatment. Litter removal was correlated with the accumulation of carbon in the mineral layer of the unreclaimed site microcosms (r\u00a0=\u00a00.802), while for the reclaimed site material it was correlated with C loss from the microcosms (r\u00a0=\u00a00.704). Removal of litter from the litter layer and accumulation of C and N in the mineral layer increased microbial respiration and biomass measured as total PLFA.", "keywords": ["0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.04.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.04.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.04.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.04.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.07.009", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-09-13", "title": "Synergistic Effect Of A Tropical Earthworm Balanteodrilus Pearsei And Velvetbean Mucuna Pruriens Var. Utilis On Maize Growth And Crop Production", "description": "Abstract   Many Mexican and Central American farmers use the legume cover crop Mucuna pruriens (velvetbean) to reduce weed growth, enhance soil fertility, and reduce the use of irrigation, tillage and herbicides. This cropping system can also maintain abundant native earthworm populations, such as of the endogeic species Balanteodrilus pearsei, although the functional significance of these earthworms, particularly their effects on litter decomposition and plant growth are still mostly unknown. Therefore, a completely randomized 2\u00a0\u00d7\u00a02 factorial was set up to investigate the effects of B. pearsei and M. pruriens litter on maize growth under controlled conditions. One maize plant was grown in each bucket for 120 days and each treatment was replicated 10 times. Treatments consisted of: soil without B. pearsei and without M. pruriens residues (S); soil with B. pearsei and without M. pruriens litter (SB); soil with M. pruriens and without B. pearsei litter (SM); soil with B. pearsei and M. pruriens residues (SBM). In SBM, biomass, abundance and sexual maturity of B. pearsei were, respectively, 1.6, 1.4 and 2.4 times higher than in the treatment lacking M. pruriens (SB). B. pearsei presence significantly reduced the amount of M. pruriens litter mass remaining on the soil surface. Maize root biomass and grain yields were significantly higher in SBM than in SM, S and SB. Grain yield was significantly related to B. pearsei abundance and biomass, as well as to M. pruriens litter breakdown. The positive yields effects of SBM in this experiment appear to be due to a synergistic effect of B. pearsei and M. pruriens. These findings point to the importance of providing adequate conditions for earthworm activity in tropical agroecosystems, together with organic residue management, to enhance soil fertility, crop yields and agricultural sustainability.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.07.009"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.07.009", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.07.009", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.07.009"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.08.003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-09-28", "title": "Effects Of Ecological Restoration On Microbial Activity, Microbial Functional Diversity, And Soil Organic Matter In Mixed-Oak Forests Of Southern Ohio, Usa", "description": "Abstract   As a result of many decades of fire suppression and atmospheric deposition the deciduous forests of eastern North America have changed significantly in stem density, basal area, tree size-frequency distribution, and community structure. Consequently, soil organic matter quality and quantity, nutrient availability, and microbial activity have likely been altered. This study evaluated the effects of four alternative forest ecosystem restoration strategies on soil microbial activity, microbial functional diversity, soil organic C, and soil N status in two mixed-oak ( Quercus  spp.) forests in southern Ohio, USA. The soils of these forests were sampled during the fourth growing season after application of (1) prescribed fire, (2) thinning of the understory and midstory to pre-settlement characteristics, (3) the combination of fire and thinning, and (4) an untreated control. Prescribed fire, with or without thinning, resulted in increased bacterial but not fungal activity when assessed using Biolog \u00ae . In contrast, assays of acid phosphatase and phenol oxidase activity indicated greater microbial activity in the thinning treatment than in the other three treatments. Functional diversity of both bacteria and fungi was affected by restoration treatment, with the bacterial and fungal assemblages present in the thin\u00a0+\u00a0burn sites and the fungal assemblage present in the thinned sites differing significantly from those of the control and burned sites. Treatments did not result in significant differences in soil organic C content among experimental sites; however, the soil C:N ratio was significantly greater in thinned sites than in sites given the other three treatments. Similarly, there were no significant differences in dissolve inorganic N, dissolved organic N, or microbial biomass N among treatments. Bacterial and fungal functional diversity was altered significantly. Based on Biolog \u00ae  utilization treatments the bacterial assemblage in the thin-only treatment appeared to be relatively N-limited and the fungal assemblage relatively C-limited, whereas in the thin\u00a0+\u00a0burn treatment this was reversed. Although effects of restoration treatments on soil organic matter and overall microbial activity may not persist through the fourth post-treatment year, effects on microbial functional diversity are persistent.", "keywords": ["0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Ralph E. J. Boerner, C. Giai,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.08.003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.08.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.08.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.08.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.10.007", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-12-05", "title": "Impact Of Organic Amendments On The Dynamics Of Soil Microbial Biomass And Bacterial Communities In Cultivated Land", "description": "Abstract   In the course of a 1 year study on agricultural plots (mustard-beet) the impact of organic materials and soil management on soil microbial communities was assessed after amendment with three types of organic materials (sewage sludge, turkey manure and compost made of turkey manure and ligneous waste) and a mineral fertilizer. Transient impacts on potential metabolic activity, on genetic structure and on quantities of soil microorganisms, measured with three different methods ( C  mic , total DNA content and CFU enumeration), were observed. The extent of these impacts depended on the composition of the amendment. The proportions of mineralisable carbon and lignin in organic materials seemed to influence the behaviour of the bacterial communities during the first 3 months after amendment. After a period of 6 months, no effect specific to the type of organic materials was detected. The dynamics of microbial biomass was assessed by both microbial carbon and by total DNA, but no correlation was found between the results; DNA seemed to be more sensitive to time-related variations in microbial biomass. Finally, although the bacterial functional and genetic structures were strongly modified between 3 and 6 months, this modification was not related to the type of amendment. This result suggests that organic amendments have less effect than seasonal variations or others anthropic factors such as the mechanical management of the soil.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0301 basic medicine", "0303 health sciences", "03 medical and health sciences", "13. Climate action", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.10.007"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.10.007", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.10.007", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.10.007"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.12.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-01-17", "title": "Long-Term Effects Of Inorganic Fertilizers On Microbial Biomass And Community Functional Diversity In A Paddy Soil Derived From Quaternary Red Clay", "description": "Long-term effects of inorganic fertilizers on microbial biomass and community functional diversity were investigated in a paddy soil derived from quaternary red clay in the Red Soil Ecological Experimental Station of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. The original soil is extremely eroded, characterized by low pH and deficiencies of available nutrients, particularly phosphorus and nitrogen. After 13 years application of inorganic fertilizers for flooded double rice crops, the number of cultivable microorganisms was significantly larger, and microbial biomass and community functional diversity were significantly higher in the treatments fertilized with P than those in the treatments without P fertilization. The significant effects of P application were mainly due to enhanced growth of rice crops and accumulation of soil organic carbon through increased root turnover and rhizodeposition. The soil was also deficient in N, but stimulation by N application of microbial biomass and community functional diversity as well as rice crop yields could be achieved only after improvement of the P supply. K application had no effect on rice crop yield or on microbial parameters. Most microbial parameters were mainly correlated with soil organic carbon content rather than P and N, indicating that the application of P and N did not directly affect microbial parameters in the soil, but did so indirectly by increasing crop yields, thus promoting the accumulation of soil organic matter.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "W.H. Zhong, W.H. Zhong, Zucong Cai,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.12.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.12.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.12.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.12.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.08.002", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-10-11", "title": "Beech Leaf Degradation In Laboratory Experiments: Effects Of Eight Detritivorous Invertebrate Species", "description": "This work addresses the impact of eight detritivorous species of soil macro-invertebrates (three millipedes, two woodlice and three earthworms) on short-term carbon mineralization and mechanical breakdown of beech leaves. The production rate, size class distribution and OM content of invertebrate faeces were also measured. Hierarchical clustering (HC) and multivariate analysis were performed to find relevant functional groups among the species studied.Our results identified three groups of macro-invertebrates on the basis of their impacts on beach leaf degradation (hierarchical clustering): (1) invertebrates that produce fresh faeces with high N contents compared with other species (i.e. polydesmidae and a single species of lumbricidae); (2) other lumbricidae that fragment litter into fine particles in their faeces and actively stimulate CO2 release; (3) other arthropods that fragment litter into coarse particles and have weak impacts on OM mineralization. These groups over-ride taxonomy, and are proposed as a tentative functional classification of litter dwelling invertebrates. On the other hand, an idiosyncratic impact of species was observed in each group, highlighting how much empirical data are still needed to propose a robust functional classification of litter invertebrates.", "keywords": ["[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "0106 biological sciences", "Diplopods", "[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]", "Idiosyncrasy", "Functional classification", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Isopods", "01 natural sciences", "Litter transformers", "[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]", "Earthworms", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.08.002"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.08.002", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.08.002", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.08.002"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.09.011", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-11-21", "title": "Soil Enzyme Activities, Microbial Community Composition And Function After 47 Years Of Continuous Green Manuring", "description": "Green manuring practices can influence soil microbial community composition and function and there is a need to investigate the influence compared with other types of organic amendment. This study reports long-term effects of green manure amendments on soil microbial properties, based on a field experiment started in 1956. In the experiment, various organic amendments, including green manure, have been applied at a rate of 4 t C ha(-1) every second year. Phospholipid fatty acid analysis (PLFA) indicated that the biomass of bacteria, fungi and total microbial biomass, but not arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, generally increased due to green manuring compared with soils receiving no organic amendments. Some differences in abundance of different microbial groups were also found compared with other organic amendments (farmyard manure and sawdust) such as a higher fungal biomass and consequently a higher fungal/bacterial ratio compared with amendment with farmyard manure. The microbial community composition (PLFA profile) in the green manure treatment differed from the other treatments, but there was no effect on microbial substrate-utilization potential, determined using the Biolog EcoPlate. Protease and arylsulphatase activities in the green manure treatment were comparable to a mineral fertilized treatment receiving no additional C, whereas acid phosphatase activity increased. It can be concluded that green manuring had a beneficial impact on soil microbial properties, but differed in some aspects to other organic amendments which might be attributed to differences in quality of the amendments. (Less)", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Anna M\u00e5rtensson, Sara Elfstrand, Katarina Hedlund,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.09.011"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.09.011", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.09.011", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.09.011"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.11.004", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-12-21", "title": "Changes In N Cycling And Microbial N With Elevated N In Exotic Annual Grasslands Of Southern California", "description": "Abstract   The impacts of nitrogen (N) fertilization and N deposition on N mineralization and microbial biomass were studied in exotic annual grasslands in southern California. The goal of the study was to understand how N deposition impacts N availability to the grasslands by studying mineralization in plots in an urban area that has received chronic N deposition for 50 years compared with N fertilized and control plots in a rural area. Fertilized plots had higher net and gross rates of N cycling than did soils from the control. The effect of soil mineral N concentrations on microbial N varied between and within growing seasons. Lower microbial N corresponded to more net N release and higher microbial N corresponded to less net N release. Urban soils often had higher NO3\u2212 concentrations than did soils from the rural site but there was no difference in NH4+ concentrations. Urban soils also had lower mineral N concentrations than the fertilized soils and mineralization patterns in the high N deposition soils did not resemble those in the fertilized soils, indicating that the levels of N deposition at this site were well below the experimental fertilization rate. The levels of soil mineral N in the rural site were considerably higher than from other studies in the same plots in recent years. This corresponds with rapidly increasing suburbanization of the rural site and increasing N deposition, as suggested from a recent air pollution model. Although the urban and rural soils were not as different in mineral N concentrations as expected, soils in exotic grasslands near urban areas across the region can have mineral N concentrations as high as the fertilized soils, indicating that increased N cycling and altered microbial N may occur under N deposition.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.11.004"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.11.004", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.11.004", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.11.004"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.12.003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-02-07", "title": "Pinus Halepensis Mill. Plantations Did Not Restore Organic Carbon, Microbial Biomass And Activity Levels In A Semi-Arid Mediterranean Soil", "description": "Open AccessPeer reviewed", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "Mediterranean forests", "Microbial respiration", "Maquis", "Mollisols", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Inceptisols", "15. Life on land", "ATP content", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.12.003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.12.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.12.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.12.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.03.009", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-05-11", "title": "Microbial Communities And Enzyme Activities In Soils Under Alternative Crop Rotations Compared To Wheat-Fallow For The Central Great Plains", "description": "Winter wheat\u2013fallow (W\u2013F) rotation is the predominant cropping system in the Central Great Plains. However, other cropping systems are being suggested because reduced tillage and fallow can provide more residues that can increase soil organic carbon (SOC) content and other parameters related to soil quality and functioning. This study compared the microbial biomass and community composition and enzyme activities under native pasture and research plots under grass and different crop intensities (CI) established for 15 years in Akron, CO. The soil (Weld loam; fine, smectitic, mesic Aridic Paleustolls) was under alternative CI rotations (100 and 67%) of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) (W), corn (Zea mays L.) (C), proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) (M), and fallow (F) under no-tillage (nt) compared to the typical 50% CI rotation (W\u2013F) under either conventional tillage (ct) and nt. Relative to F\u2013Wct, the 100% (C\u2013M\u2013W) and 67% (C\u2013F\u2013W) CI rotations increased soil microbial biomass C (MBC) and N (MBN) but only at the 0\u20135\u00a0cm depth. Native pasture and 15 years of undisturbed grass plots showed higher soil MBC up to 2\u20135-fold and 1.4\u20133-fold when compared to the cropping systems at 0\u20135\u00a0cm, respectively. Similar trends were found for MBN and several enzyme activities. Enzyme activities of C (\u03b2-glucosaminidase, \u03b2-glucosidase, and \u03b1-galactosidase) and P cycling (alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase and phosphodiesterase) as a group separated the 100 and 67% CI rotations from the 50% CI rotation (W\u2013Fct) at 0\u20135 and 5\u201315\u00a0cm of soil. Separation in these enzyme activities was observed for rotations sampled under a crop (W\u2013C\u2013F) compared to when sampled under fallow (F\u2013W\u2013C). Principal component analyses (PCA) of fatty acids methyl esters (FAME) suggested a shift in the microbial community structure with greater fungal populations in pasture, grass, and CI rotations of 100 and 67% compared to W\u2013Fct. The sum of fungal indicators (18:2\u03c96c, 18:3\u03c96c, 18:1\u03c99c, 16:1\u03c95c) was significantly correlated (r\u00a0>\u00a00.60; P\u00a0<\u00a00.05) to \u03b2-glucosaminidase, \u03b2-glucosidase, acid phosphatase and \u03b1-galactosidase activities. After 15 years, our results show that the combination of no-tillage and continuous cropping with reduced fallow frequency in two alternative (100 and 67% CI) rotations for the Central Great Plains have had a positive effect on soil quality parameters such as the microbial populations and community composition but only at 0\u20135\u00a0cm depth, and in several enzyme activities at both 0\u20135 and 5\u201315\u00a0cm.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.03.009"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.03.009", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.03.009", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.03.009"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.03.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:41Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-03-17", "title": "Contrasted Effect Of Biochar And Earthworms On Rice Growth And Resource Allocation In Different Soils", "description": "Abstract   Adding biochar to soils and maintaining high earthworm biomasses are potential ways to increase the fertility of tropical soils and the sustainability of crop production in the spirit of agroecology and ecological engineering. However, a thorough functional assessment of biochar effect on plant growth and resource allocations is so far missing. Moreover, earthworms and biochar increase mineral nutrient availability through an increase in mineralization and nutrient retention respectively and are likely to interact through various other mechanisms. They could thus increase plant growth synergistically. This hypothesis was tested for rice in a greenhouse experiment. Besides, the relative effects of biochar and earthworms were compared in three different soil treatments (a nutrient rich soil, a nutrient poor soil, a nutrient poor soil supplemented with fertilization). Biochar and earthworm effects on rice growth and resource allocation highly depended on soil type and were generally additive (no synergy). In the rich soil, there were both clear positive biochar and earthworm effects, while there were generally only positive earthworm effects in the poor soil, and neither earthworm nor biochar effect in the poor soil with fertilization. The analysis of earthworm and biochar effects on different plant traits and soil mineral nitrogen content, confirmed that they act through an increase in nutrient availability. However it also suggested that another mechanism, such as the release in the soil of molecules recognized as phytohormones by plants, is also involved in earthworm action. This mechanism could for example help explaining how earthworms increase rice resource allocation to roots and influence the allocation to grains.", "keywords": ["[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "330", "earthworms", "FAUNE DU SOL", "fertilidad del suelo", "630", "12. Responsible consumption", "AZOTE", "AMENDEMENT DU SOL", "CROISSANCE", "arroz", "2. Zero hunger", "BIOMASSE", "FERTILITE DU SOL", "rice", "soil fertility", "AMMONIUM", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "RIZICULTURE", "6. Clean water", "oryza sativa", "13. Climate action", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "ENGRAIS ORGANIQUE", "FERTILISATION DU SOL", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "fauna del suelo", "RAPPORT CN", "soil fauna", "RAPPORT C/N", "LOMBRIC", "NITRATE"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Patrick Lavelle, Patrick Lavelle, Kam-Rigne Laossi, S\u00e9bastien Barot, Maria Helena Catelli de Carvalho, Marco Antonio Rond\u00f3n, Diana Cristina Noguera, Diana Cristina Noguera, Valerio Hoyos,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "http://millsonia.free.fr/publications/noguera2010SBB.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.03.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.03.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.03.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.03.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.07.002", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-08-17", "title": "Assessment Of Anecic Behavior In Selected Earthworm Species: Effects On Wheat Seed Burial, Seedling Establishment, Wheat Growth And Litter Incorporation", "description": "Abstract   Anecic earthworm species function as ecosystem engineers by structuring the soil environment, incorporating large amounts of litter and seeds into soil and, thereby influence the composition of plant communities. The aim of the present greenhouse experiment was to investigate the effects of three apparently anecic earthworm species on wheat seed burial, seedling establishment, wheat growth and litter incorporation. The three species differed substantially in their behavior and effect on plant establishment. Aporrectodea longa did not incorporate litter into the soil while Lumbricus terrestris (\u221269%) and Lumbricus rubellus friendoides (\u221275%) reduced the litter layer considerably during 9 weeks of incubation. Moreover, L. terrestris and L. rubellus friendoides buried more wheat seeds than A. longa. Fewer seeds germinated when buried by A. longa compared to L. terrestris. The behavior of L. terrestris and L. rubellus friendoides was characteristic for anecic earthworm species whereas that of A. longa rather resembled that of endogeic species. The present study is the first experimental evidence for anecic behavior in L. rubellus friendoides.", "keywords": ["0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.07.002"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.07.002", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.07.002", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.07.002"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.05.002", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-07-07", "title": "Priming Effects In Chernozem Induced By Glucose And N In Relation To Microbial Growth Strategies", "description": "Input of easily available C and N sources increases microbial activity in soil and may induce priming effects (PE)\u2014short-term changes in SOM decomposition after substrate addition. The relationship between the origin of priming and growth characteristics of the microbial community is still unclear. We related real and apparent PEs induced by glucose and N addition with growth strategies of soil microorganisms. Two concentrations of uniformly labeled 14 C glucose with and without N were added to Chernozem, and the released 14 CO2 and CO2 efflux were monitored over a 300 h period. The shift in strategies after glucose addition was monitored by microbial growth kinetics based on the estimation of maximal specific growth rate. The production of unlabelled extra CO2 induced by glucose was completed after 3 days and amounted to about 15\u201019% of the microbial biomass-C. The presenceof real orapparentPE depended on thelevel ofadded Cand N. Anapparent positive PE was observedwhen theamount of applied glucose-C was 13 times lower than theamount of microbial biomass-C, i.e. under C-limiting conditions. Apparent PE was accompanied by a highermaximal microbial specific growthrate,i.e.byashift towardsr-strategyfeatures. The absence of a priming effect was observed under N-limiting conditions at an eightfold excess of glucose-C versus microbial biomass-C. A large excess of glucose and N lowered maximal specific growth rates of soil microorganisms and had a negative priming effect. Accordingly, slow-growing microorganisms (K-strategists) switched from SOM mineralization to glucose uptake, probably due to preferential substrate utilization. Analysis of microbial growth kinetics was an efficient approach for evaluating shortterm changes in the response of microorganisms to substrate addition; this approach is", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.05.002"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.05.002", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.05.002", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.05.002"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.08.004", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-09-25", "title": "Soil Nematode Community, Organic Matter, Microbial Biomass And Nitrogen Dynamics In Field Plots Transitioning From Conventional To Organic Management", "description": "Abstract   Dynamics of soil bulk density, organic matter, microbial biomass, nitrogen, and nematode communities were assessed for a period of 4 years in field plots transitioning from conventional to organic farming practices. A rotation of soybeans, corn, oats and hay was used as an organic transitioning strategy and the conventional farming system had a corn and soybean rotation for comparison. Organic corn received raw straw pack beef manure and poultry compost at the rate of 27 and 28\u00a0Mg/h, respectively, and organic oats received raw straw pack beef manure and poultry compost at the rate of 18 and 1.8\u00a0Mg/h, respectively, while conventional plots received synthetic fertilizers. All crops in the organic system received primary tillage (chisel plow, disked and tined) whereas only corn received primary tillage in the conventional system but soybeans were no-till. Weed control was mechanical (twice diskings, rotary hoeings and row cultivation) in the organic system whereas herbicides were used in the conventional system. Soil bulk density did not differ in the two systems over a 4-year period but organic farming had slightly higher organic matter, mineral associated organic matter and particulate organic matter. Conventional system had more N in the mineral pools as indicated by higher NO 3  \u2212 -N whereas organic system had higher N in the microbial biomass indicating shifts in nitrogen pools between the two systems. Bacterivore nematodes were more abundant in the organic than the conventional system for most of the study period. In contrast, the conventional system had significantly higher populations of the root lesion nematode,  Pratylenchus crenatus , than the organic system after completion of the rotation cycle (transition period) in spring 2004. The organic hay plots had the lowest populations of  P. crenatus  compared to corn, soybeans and oats. Nematode faunal profile estimates showed that the food webs were highly enriched and moderately to highly structured and the decomposition channels were bacterial in both systems. The lack of differences in structure index between the organic and conventional systems is probably due to the excessive tillage in the organic farming system, which may have prevented the build up of tillage-sensitive omnivorous and predatory nematodes that contribute to the structure index. We conclude that transition from conventional to organic farming can increase soil microbial biomass-N and populations of beneficial bacterivore nematodes while simultaneously reducing the populations of predominant plant-parasitic nematode,  P. crenatus . Our findings also underscore the potential benefits of reducing tillage for the development of a more mature soil food web.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.08.004"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.08.004", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.08.004", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.08.004"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.09.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-11-27", "title": "Microbial Dynamics And Litter Decomposition Under A Changed Climate In A Dutch Heathland", "description": "Climate change scenarios predict changes in temperature and precipitation. The effect of a modest temperature increase and repeated summer droughts on the rate of litter decomposition and microbial biomass dynamics was studied by a field scale manipulation experiment at a phosphorus (P) deficient dry heathland ecosystem in the Netherlands. Retractable covers were used to create artificial nighttime warming or prolonged summer drought in the experimental plots. The warming treatment initially enhanced litter mass loss and two consecutive years of summer drought retarded litter decomposition rate. Microbial carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and P immobilization was affected by the warming treatment as well as by the drought treatment. Enhanced temperatures resulted in increased microbial biomass C during the first half year of incubation, whereas the first drought treatment significantly retarded microbial N and P immobilization. The delayed net microbial N and P immobilization in the drought plots prevented net N and P mineralization. After 1 year microbial biomass C, N and P were significantly higher in the drought plots, probably as a result of availability of new substrate caused by the drying and rewetting process. Although microbial biomass was higher in the drought plots, the microbial C/N ratio was equal to the control and varied between 6 and 8. This suggested that in both the control and drought plots, the microbial community was dominated by bacteria at the longer term. Both treatments reduced net P mineralization and together with decreased foliar P concentrations this indicated the progressive importance of P limitation in restraining plant growth in this N saturated ecosystem.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "570", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "630", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.09.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.09.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.09.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.09.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.10.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-12-13", "title": "Microbial Activity And Soil C Sequestration For Reduced And Conventional Tillage Cotton", "description": "Abstract   Crop management practices, such as tillage and diversified crop rotations, impact microbial activity, organic matter turnover, and ultimately soil C and N sequestration. The objectives of this study were to determine the impacts of tillage on soil microbial biomass, mineralized C and N, and soil organic C (SOC) and N (SON) contents for different cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cropping systems in a south-central Texas silt loam soil. Tillage influenced SOC and SON, but most effects were observed at 0\u20135\u00a0cm rather than 5\u201315\u00a0cm. Reduced tillage (RT) in a continuous cotton monoculture increased SOC by 24% and SON by 27% compared to conventional tillage (CT) at 0\u20135\u00a0cm, but tillage had no effect at 5\u201315\u00a0cm. Crop rotation increased soil C and N contents compared to continuous cotton, as a cotton-corn (Zea mays L.) rotation under CT increased SOC by 28% and SON by 26% at 0\u20135\u00a0cm compared to CT continuous cotton. Soil organic C and SON were both 18% greater for cotton-corn than continuous cotton at 5\u201315\u00a0cm. For the 0\u201315\u00a0cm depth interval, the CT cotton-corn rotation increased SOC by an average of 518\u00a0kg\u00a0C\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0year\u22121 and SON by 57\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0year\u22121 compared to CT continuous cotton. Cotton under RT sequestered 254\u00a0kg\u00a0C\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0year\u22121 and 33\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0year\u22121 more than cotton under CT. Reduced tillage increased soil microbial biomass C (MBC) by an average of 11 and 18% compared to CT continuous cotton and the cotton-corn rotation, respectively, while microbial biomass N (MBN) for RT was 62% greater than for CT. Tillage decreased mineralized C and N at both depth intervals, while cotton-corn showed higher mineralized C than continuous cotton. Soils for cropping systems that sequestered the most C and N also had the highest microbial biomass and mineralized C and N, indicating close relationships between microbial activity and soil C and N sequestration. Beneficial effects of RT and intensive cropping were enhanced soil C and N sequestration rates and potentially lower N fertilizer requirements for crops.", "keywords": ["Carbon sequestration", "2. Zero hunger", "Nitrogen sequestration", "Mineralized C", "Microbial biomass", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Cotton", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Mineralized N"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Everglades Research, Education Center, University of Florida E. Palm Beach Road, Belle Glade, FL 33430-4702, United States ( host institution ), Wright, Alan L. ( author ), Hons, Frank M. ( author ), Lemon, Robert G. ( author ), McFarland, Mark L. ( author ), Nichols, Robert L. ( author ),", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.10.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.10.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.10.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.10.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.12.011", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-02-20", "title": "Changes In Soil Enzymes Related To C And N Cycle And In Soil C And N Content Under Prolonged Warming And Drought In A Mediterranean Shrubland", "description": "Open AccessPeer reviewed", "keywords": ["Soil protease", "2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "Soil ammonium availability", "Soil \u03b2-glucosidase", "Climate change", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Soil urease", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Soil nitrate availability", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.12.011"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.12.011", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.12.011", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.12.011"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.12.013", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-03-11", "title": "Crop Rotation And Nitrogen Fertilization Effect On Soil Co2 Emissions In Central Iowa", "description": "Abstract   Depending upon how soil is managed, it can serve as a source or sink for atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2). As the atmospheric CO2 concentration continues to increase, more attention is being focused on the soil as a possible sink for atmospheric CO2. This study was conducted to examine the short-term effects of crop rotation and N fertilization on soil CO2 emissions in Central Iowa. Soil CO2 emissions were measured during the growing seasons of 2003 and 2004 from plots fertilized with three N rates (0, 135, and 270\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha\u22121) in continuous corn and a corn\u2013soybean rotation in a split-plot design. Soil samples were collected in the spring of 2004 from the 0\u201315\u00a0cm soil depth to determine soil organic C content. Crop residue input was estimated using a harvest index based on the measured crop yield. The results show that increasing N fertilization generally decreased soil CO2 emissions and the continuous corn cropping system had higher soil CO2 emissions than the corn\u2013soybean rotation. Soil CO2 emission rate at the peak time during the growing season and cumulative CO2 under continuous corn increased by 24 and 18%, respectively compared to that from corn\u2013soybean rotation. During this period, the soil fertilized with 270\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha\u22121 emitted, on average, 23% less CO2 than the soil fertilized with the other two N rates. The greatest difference in CO2 emission rate was observed in 2004; where plots that received 0\u00a0N rate had 31% greater CO2 emission rate than plots fertilized with 270\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha\u22121. The findings of this research indicate that changes in cropping systems can have immediate impact on both rate and cumulative soil CO2 emissions, where continuous corn caused greater soil CO2 emissions than corn soybean rotation.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "12. Responsible consumption", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "H.M. Wilson, Mahdi Al-Kaisi,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.12.013"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.12.013", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.12.013", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.12.013"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.10.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-11-27", "title": "Soil Enzyme Activities In Two Forage Systems Following Application Of Different Rates Of Swine Lagoon Effluent Or Ammonium Nitrate", "description": "Abstract   Land application of swine lagoon effluent (SLE) to forage production systems is widespread in the southeastern USA and often leads to change in soil properties. Although soil enzymes are crucial to the degradation of soil organic matter and cycling of nutrients, the impacts of SLE application on soil enzyme activities have not been well characterized. We assessed the activities of soil enzymes involved in soil C, N, and P cycling in forage systems 3 years after the termination of three consecutive years of fertilization. Bermudagrass and tall fescue were supplied with SLE or ammonium nitrate (AN) at the rates of 0, 200, 400, and 600\u00a0kg plant available N (PAN)\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0year\u22121. The activities of oxidative enzymes (i.e., peroxidase and phenol oxidase) differed between soils amended with SLE versus AN. In soils amended with AN at 600\u00a0kg\u00a0PAN\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0year\u22121, the activities of phenol oxidase and peroxidase were lower than or similar to those in the unfertilized control. In contrast, those activities were stimulated by the application of SLE at the rate of 600\u00a0kg\u00a0PAN\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0year\u22121 except for phenol oxidase in the bermudagrass system. The activities of cellobiohydrolase, \u03b2-glucosidase, cellulase, \u03b2-glucosaminidase, protease, and acid phosphatase, however, were independent of the source, but varied with the rate of fertilization. In general, the activities of cellobiohydrolase, \u03b2-glucosidase, cellulase, \u03b2-glucosaminidase, protease, and acid phosphatase in soils with N fertilization at 200 or 400\u00a0kg\u00a0PAN\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0year\u22121 were higher than those in the unfertilized control. But the activities of some hydrolytic enzymes in soils fertilized with 600\u00a0kg\u00a0PAN\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0year\u22121 were similar to or lower than those in the unfertilized control. Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMS) analysis integrated the activities of eight soil enzymes and showed significant differences between fertilized soils and the unfertilized control and between soils amended with SLE versus AN. These differences in soil integrated enzyme activity were correlated with soil pH (Pearson's correlation coefficient r\u00a0=\u00a00.76, P", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.10.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.10.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.10.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.10.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.12.012", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-02-11", "title": "Effects Of Living Mulches Or Residue Amendments On Soil Microbial Properties In Direct Seeded Cropping Systems Of Madagascar", "description": "Abstract   There is growing recognition for the need to study the impact of agricultural land uses on biological and biochemical properties of soils. In Madagascar, cropping systems based on direct seeding with permanent vegetation cover provide a new means for sustainable agriculture to protect the environment and make the most of natural resources. This study assessed the effects of different direct seeding mulch-based cropping systems on soil microbial biomass and activities. The soil was andic Dystrustept. Samples of the soil were taken from 0 to 5\u00a0cm soil layer of three direct seeding mulch-based cropping systems (DMC using crop residues and living mulches). The samples were compared with samples from conventionally tilled plots (CT) and natural fallows (NF). The field experiments were carried out over a 12-year-period and two types of amendment were applied once a year at sowing, farmyard manure (FYM) and farmyard manure combined with an NPK chemical fertilizer. The C and N content, microbial basal respiration and biomass and \u03b2-glucosidase, urease and acid phosphatase activities were determined. The results showed that there was no interaction between soil management strategies and the use of fertilizer. Furthermore, the fertilizer did not affect the soil C and N content or the acid phosphatase and urease activities. Farmyard manure with added NPK had a significantly greater effect than farmyard manure on its own, increasing the microbial biomass, soil respiration and \u03b2-glucosidase activity up to 26%, 52% and 20%, respectively but there was no significant difference between natural fallows and direct seeding mulch-based cropping systems. However, conventional tillage showed a significantly lower soil microbial biomass, C content, microbial respiration and urease activity than natural fallows. The results for direct seeding mulch-based systems varied according to the microbial activities measured. However, soil \u03b2-glucosidase and acid phosphatase activities were significantly higher for the direct seeding mulch-based systems using crop residues than for the direct seeding mulch-based systems using living mulches. Direct seeding mulch-based systems with Desmodium uncinatum living mulch had significantly lower microbial biomass and respiration than the other direct seeding mulch-based systems. There was less evidence of change in the soil between natural fallow and direct seeding mulch-based systems but a higher build-up of some microbial properties was obtained for direct seeding mulch-based systems soil than in conventionally tilled soils and natural fallow.", "keywords": ["crop residues", "Glycine max", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7170", "living mulch", "microbial activity", "Zea mays", "630", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_36167", "micro-organisme du sol", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_33553", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3301", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4510", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16118", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_35657", "F07 - Fa\u00e7ons culturales", "2. Zero hunger", "microbial biomass", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2604", "r\u00e9sidu de r\u00e9colte", "activit\u00e9 enzymatique", "P35 - Fertilit\u00e9 du sol", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_25803", "15. Life on land", "andic Dystrustept", "semis direct", "6. Clean water", "fertilit\u00e9 du sol", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8504", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "direct seeding", "respiration du sol", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "F04 - Fertilisation", "mati\u00e8re organique du sol"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.12.012"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.12.012", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.12.012", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.12.012"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.12.014", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-03-06", "title": "Effects Of Litter Addition And Warming On Soil Carbon, Nutrient Pools And Microbial Communities In A Subarctic Heath Ecosystem", "description": "Climatic warming leads to the expansion of deciduous shrubs and trees in the Arctic. This leads to higher leaf litter inputs, which together with warming may alter the rate of carbon and nutrient cycling in the arctic ecosystems. We assessed effects of factorial warming and additional litter on the soil ecosystem of a subarctic heath in a 7-year-long field experiment. Fine root biomass, dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and total C concentration increased in response to warming, which probably was a result of the increased vegetation cover. Litter addition increased the concentration of inorganic P in the uppermost 5 cm soil, while decreasing the pool of total P per unit area of the organic profile and having no significant effects on N concentrations or pools. Microbial biomass C and N were unaffected by the treatments, while the microbial biomass P increased significantly with litter addition. Soil ergosterol concentration was also slightly increased by the added litter in the uppermost soil, although not statistically significantly. According to a principal component analysis of the phospholipid fatty acid profiles, litter addition differed from the other treatments by increasing the relative proportion of biomarkers for Gram-positive bacteria. The combined warming plus litter addition treatment decreased the soil water content in the uppermost 5 cm soil, which was a likely reason for many interactions between the effects of warming and litter addition. The soil organic matter quality of the combined treatment was also clearly different from the control based on a near-infrared reflectance (NIR) spectroscopic analysis, implying that the treatment altered the composition of soil organic matter. However, it appears that the biological processes and the microbial community composition responded more to the soil and litter moisture conditions than to the change in the quality of the organic matter.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "jord", "plants", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "planter", "soil", "climate change", "13. Climate action", "Faculty of Science", "arctic", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "\u00f8kologi", "/dk/atira/pure/core/keywords/TheFacultyOfScience", "arktis", "ecology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.12.014"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.12.014", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.12.014", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.12.014"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.03.020", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:41Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-04-12", "title": "Spatial Analysis Reveals Differences In Soil Microbial Community Interactions Between Adjacent Coniferous Forest And Clearcut Ecosystems", "description": "Knowledge of how forest management influences soil microbial community interactions is necessary for complete understanding of forest ecology. In this study, soil microbial communities, vegetation characteristics and soil physical and chemical properties were examined across a rectangular 4.57 \u00d7 36.58 m sample grid spanning adjacent coniferous forest and clearcut areas. Based on analysis of soil extracted phospholipid fatty acids, total microbial biomass, fungi and Gram-negative bacteria were found to be significantly reduced in soil of the clearcut area relative to the forest. Concurrent with changes in microbial communities, soil macroaggregate stability was reduced in the clearcut area, while no significant differences in soil pH and organic matter content were found. Variography indicated that the range at which spatial autocorrelation between samples was evident (patch size) was greater for all microbial groups analyzed in the clearcut area. Overall, less spatial structure could be resolved in the forest. Variance decomposition using principal coordinates of neighbor matrices spatial variables indicated that soil aggregate stability and vegetation characteristics accounted for significant microbial community spatial variation in analyses that included the entire plot. When clearcut and forest areas were analyzed separately, different environmental variables (pH in the forest area and soil organic matter in the clearcut) were found to account for variation in soil microbial communities, but little of this variation could be ascribed to spatial interactions. Most microbial variation explained by different components of microbial communities occurred at spatial scales other than those analyzed. Fungi accounted for over 50% of the variation in bacteria of the forest area but less than 11% in the clearcut. Conversely, AMF accounted for significant variation in clearcut area, but not forest, bacteria. These results indicate broadly disparate controls on soil microbial community composition in the two systems. We present multiple lines of evidence pointing toward shifts in fungi functional groups as a salient mechanism responsible for qualitative, quantitative and spatial distribution differences in soil microbial communities.", "keywords": ["0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Daniel L. Mummey, Phillip W. Ramsey, Jeffrey T. Clarke, Callie A. Cole, Benjamin G. O\u2019Connor, James E. Gannon,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.03.020"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.03.020", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.03.020", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.03.020"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.03.008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-05-04", "title": "Soil Chemical And Microbiological Properties Along A Chronosequence Of Caragana Microphylla Lam. Plantations In The Horqin Sandy Land Of Northeast China", "description": "Caragana microphylla Lam., a leguminous shrub, is a dominant native plant species widely planted to stabilize the moving and semi-moving sand dunes in the semi-arid Horqin sandy land of Northeast China. The objective of this study was to determine how C. microphylla plantations affected the physical, chemical and microbiological properties of a sandy soil. Soil samples at the depths of 0-10, 10-20, 20-30, 30-40, and 40-50 cm were collected from the C. microphylla plantations with an age sequence of 0, 5, 10, and 23 years. The results showed that shrub growth altered microclimate, increased litter input, and hence, improved soil water holding capacity, contents of total carbon, total N and microbial biomass C and N, electrical conductivity, and activities of urease, phosphomonoesterase, protease, dehydro- genase and polyphenol oxidase, and decreased soil bulk density. These trends increased with increasing plantation age but decreased with increasing soil depth. C. microphylla establishment could be an effective and applicable measure to restore vegetation and control desertification in the Horqin sandy land, and recommended for adoption in semi-arid sandy areas on a large scale.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.03.008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.03.008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.03.008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.03.008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.04.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-05-16", "title": "Microbial Properties Of Soils As Affected By Cropping And Nutrient Management Practices In Several Long-Term Manurial Experiments In The Semi-Arid Tropics Of India", "description": "Microorganisms play a critical role in nutrient transformation, soil health and for sustaining the productivity of soils. Effects of long-term cropping, fertilization, manuring and their integration on microbial community were studied in soil samples from five long-term fertilizer experiments under various rainfed production systems in the semi-arid tropics (SAT) of India. Microbial population counts were analyzed by dilution plating and were in turn compared with different parameters such as soil treatments, soil type, soil microbial biomass C, soil organic C, rainfall and soil pH. The counts were high in treatments where combinations of organic and inorganic fertilizers were applied compared to control. Vertisols showed larger organic carbon levels than Alfisols. Fungal population was higher in acidic soils and in treatments under continuous inorganic fertilization treatments whereas a high number of bacteria were found in integrated use of organic and inorganic fertilizers. At most of the locations soil organic C and microbial biomass C showed significant positive (p \u2264 0.05) correlation with microbial populations. Thus, results suggest that even under arid and semi-arid tropical conditions, regular addition of nutrients in an integrated manner could improve soil organic carbon and microbial population counts. For each production system, better carbon sequestration management practices were identified.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "Others", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "630", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Vineela, C, Wani, S P, Srinivasarao, CH, Padmaja, B, Vittal, K P R,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.04.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.04.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.04.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.04.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.06.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-07-27", "title": "Cover Crops Enhance Soil Organic Matter, Carbon Dynamics And Microbiological Function In A Vineyard Agroecosystem", "description": "Abstract   Impacts of soil tillage and cover crops on soil carbon (C) dynamics and microbiological function were investigated in a vineyard grown in California's mediterranean climate. We (1) compared soil organic matter (SOM), C dynamics and microbiological activity of two cover crops [Trios 102 (Triticale\u00a0\u00d7\u00a0Triosecale) (\u2018Trios\u2019), Merced Rye (Secale cereale) (\u2018Rye\u2019)] with cultivation (\u2018Cultivation\u2019) and (2) evaluated seasonal effects of soil temperature, water content, and precipitation on soil C dynamics (0\u201315\u00a0cm depth). From treatments established in November 2001, soils were sampled every 2\u20133 weeks from November 2005 to November 2006. Gravimetric water content (GWC) reflected winter and spring rainfall. Soil temperature did not differ among treatments, reflecting typical seasonal patterns. Few differences in C dynamics between cover crops existed, but microbial biomass C (MBC), dissolved organic C (DOC), and carbon dioxide (CO2) efflux in \u2018Trios\u2019 and \u2018Rye\u2019 were consistently 1.5\u20134-fold greater than \u2018Cultivation\u2019. Cover crops were more effective at adding soil C than \u2018Cultivation\u2019. Seasonal patterns in DOC, and CO2 efflux reflected changes in soil water content, but MBC displayed no temporal response. Decreases in DOC and potential microbial respiration (RESPmic) (i.e., microbially available C) also corresponded to or were preceded by increases in CO2 efflux, suggesting that DOC provided C for microbial respiration. Despite similar MBC, DOC, RESPmic, annual CO2 efflux and aboveground C content between the two cover crops, greater aboveground net primary productivity and SOM in \u2018Trios\u2019 indicated that \u2018Trios\u2019 provided more soil C than \u2018Rye\u2019.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Kerri L. Steenwerth, K.M. Belina,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.06.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.06.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.06.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.06.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.07.003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-09-07", "title": "Responses To N And P Fertilization In A Young Eucalyptus Dunnii Plantation: Microbial Properties, Enzyme Activities And Dissolved Organic Matter", "description": "The short-term effects of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fertilizer application on soil microbial properties, dissolved organic matter and enzyme activity were examined in a young Eucalyptus dunnii Maiden plantation at Huitong county, southern China. The objectives of the study were to understand how N and P addition impacts microbial activity and dissolved organic matter in subtropical plantation forest ecosystems. Treatments in this study included 100 kg N ha(-1) (N1), 200 kg N ha(-1) (N2),75 kg P ha(-1) (P1), 150 kg P ha(-1) (P2) and the control without any fertilizer application (CK). N application significantly increased soil microbial biomass N, mineralized N, dissolved organic N, and invertase, urease and acid phosphatase activities, but decreased microbial biomass carbon (C) and P, basal respiration, metabolic quotient and dissolved organic P in comparison with the control. P application decreased microbial biomass N, mineralized N, urease and acid phosphatase activities, whereas it increased dissolved organic P, microbial biomass P and metabolic quotient. We conclude that the influences of N and P addition on microbial activity, soil enzyme activities and dissolved organic matter were different in the studied E. dunnii plantation. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Liu Yuwan, Shuanghua Wang, Qingkui Wang,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.07.003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.07.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.07.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.07.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.12.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-01-16", "title": "Evaluation Of Soil Microbial Indices Along A Revegetation Chronosequence In Grassland Soils On The Loess Plateau, Northwest China", "description": "Abstract   There is a growing interest in using soil microbial parameters as indicators of soil quality changes after revegetation of disturbed soils. This study investigated the changes in different soil microbial parameters as well as physico-chemical parameters as affected by vegetation rehabilitation of soil in the Loess plateau of China subjected to natural succession after enclosure. The results showed that the soil nutrients tend to be concentrated in the soil surface layer, especially the soil organic C, total N and alkali extractable N with soil organic C being doubled (up to 20\u00a0g\u00a0kg\u22121) after 50 years of revegetation. Soil enzyme activities and microbial biomass C (Cmic) and N (Nmic) increased with rehabilitation time up to 23 years. After 23 years, soil Cmic and Nmic and enzyme activities remained stable. Enzyme activities increased rapidly during the early stage of revegetation, about 15\u201320 years after enclosure. Soil Cmic and Nmic also increased about 20% faster up to 23 years since enclosure in the 0\u201320-cm soil layer. Soil basal respiration (BR) in the 23 years site was higher than in other sites, indicating high microbial activity in this site. These findings demonstrated significant impacts of natural vegetation succession in overgrazed grassland on the properties of the surface soils, including the soil nutrients, organic matter, soil microbial biomass, respiration, and enzyme activities.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Fenli Zheng, Fenli Zheng, Yimei Huang, Shaoshan An,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.12.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.12.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.12.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.12.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.01.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-02-24", "title": "Biochemical Properties And Barley Yield In A Semiarid Mediterranean Soil Amended With Two Kinds Of Sewage Sludge", "description": "Abstract   Recycling sewage sludges as soil organic amendment and as a source of macro- and micronutrients represents a promising agricultural practice, especially in Mediterranean areas, where soils commonly exhibit low organic matter contents. However, this organic waste must be treated to avoid potential hazardous effects over the soil or the plants. For this aim, there are different treatments, some of them of contrasted feasibility, such as composting. However, the implementation of recent technologies, like thermal-drying, allows obtaining in less time a final product with exceptional handling conditions. This modern treatment has been introduced in an increasing number of wastewater treatment plants during the last years. Nevertheless, the effects of thermally dried sewage sludge on soil biota and crop yields have not been widely studied to date. In this work, composted and thermally dried sewage sludges were applied to a cropped soil over a three-year period, with different frequencies (single or yearly applications) and at two rates (20 and 80\u00a0t\u00a0ha\u22121), to investigate and compare their cumulative and residual effects on the yield of barley and on chemical, biological and biochemical soil properties. In the cumulative experiment high doses of both sewage sludges caused an increase of the total organic C contents but also a significant decrease in crop yield, as well as in enzyme activities and microbial biomass C contents. In contrast, cumulative applications of both types of sewage sludge at low doses showed, in general, better barley yield parameters as well as significantly higher microbial biomass C contents, particularly for the composted one. The best results for barley yield were obtained in soils amended once with sewage sludge, particularly for those amended with the composted sewage sludge. These results may be attributed to a possible deleterious effect over soil properties derived from the use of excessive doses. Besides, the results stood out the benefits derived from the application to soil of the composted sewage sludge, which presented a much more mature and stable organic matter than the thermally dried sewage sludge.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.01.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.01.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.01.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.01.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.07.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-08-10", "title": "Soil Organic Matter And Microbial Community Structure In Set-Aside And Intensively Managed Arable Soils In Ne-Saxony, Germany", "description": "Abstract   The effects of set-aside and intensive management of agricultural soils on soil organic carbon (SOC) and nitrogen (N) mineralisation rates (gross and net rates), microbial biomass (chloroform-fumigation extraction method) and microbial community structure (phospholipid fatty acid analysis, PLFA) were assessed during one growing season (June and September). A former arable soil which has been set-aside as fallow with natural succession vegetation (\u201cfallow land\u201d) was compared to a soil under intensive agricultural management (\u201cintensive\u201d) with site conditions typical of NE-Saxony, Germany. The soil type was a sandy Cambisol. Six years of intensive agricultural management significantly decreased SOC and TN contents as well as pH and increased NO 3 -N contents in the topsoil (0\u201310\u00a0cm) compared to fallow soil. As indicated by higher gross N mineralisation rates, the potential to deliver N increased during the fallow period. However, the substrate use efficiency of microorganisms and the turnover of the microbial biomass were higher in the intensively managed soil. Independent of management system SOC mineralisation, net N mineralisation, gross NH 4  consumption and gross NO 3  transformation rates increased with increasing water content from June to September. Principal component analysis of PLFA data indicated differences in the microbial community composition between the sites. However, in total the soil microbial community was more stable against land-use changes than against seasonal changes. The PLFA profiles of both sites changed into the same direction from June to September. Only the relative abundances of PLFA marker characteristic of Gram \u2212  bacteria and fungi showed a site\u00a0\u00d7\u00a0time interaction as did the MBC/MBN ratio and the MBN content. In total, the influence of land-use on most examined parameters of the sandy Cambisol was less pronounced than seasonal changes. Therefore, set-aside and taking set-aside land back into intensive agricultural production seem to be a reasonable management practice for sites on sandy Cambisols in NE-Saxony, Germany.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.07.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.07.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.07.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.07.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.09.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-11-08", "title": "Emission Of Nitrous Oxide From Hydrocarbon Contaminated Soil Amended With Waste Water Sludge And Earthworms", "description": "Abstract   Soils in Mexico are often contaminated with hydrocarbons and addition of waste water sludge and earthworms accelerates their removal. However, little is known how contamination and subsequent bioremediation affects emissions of N2O and CO2. A laboratory study was done to investigate the effect of waste water sludge and the earthworm Eisenia fetida on emission of N2O and CO2 in a sandy loam soil contaminated with the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs): phenanthrene, anthracene and benzo(a)pyrene. Emissions of N2O and CO2, and concentrations of inorganic N (ammonium (NH4+), nitrite (NO2\u2212) nitrate (NO3\u2212)) were monitored after 0, 5, 24, 72 and 168\u00a0h. Adding E. fetida to the PAHs contaminated soil increased CO2 production rate significantly 2.0 times independent of the addition of sludge. The N2O emission rate from unamended soil expressed on a daily base was 5\u00a0\u03bcg\u00a0N\u00a0kg\u22121\u00a0d\u22121 for the first 2\u00a0h and increased to a maximum of 325\u00a0\u03bcg\u00a0N\u00a0kg\u22121\u00a0d\u22121 after 48\u00a0h and then decreased to 10\u00a0\u03bcg\u00a0N\u00a0kg\u22121\u00a0d\u22121 after 168\u00a0h. Addition of PAHs, E. fetida or PAHs\u00a0+\u00a0E. fetida had no significant effect on the N2O emission rate. Adding sludge to the soil sharply increased the N2O emission rate to >400\u00a0\u03bcg\u00a0N\u00a0kg\u22121\u00a0d\u22121 for the entire incubation with a maximum of 1134\u00a0\u03bcg\u00a0N\u00a0kg\u22121\u00a0d\u22121 after 48\u00a0h. Addition of E. fetida, PAHs or PAHs\u00a0+\u00a0E. fetida to the sludge-amended soil reduced the N2O emission rate significantly compared to soil amended with sludge after 24\u00a0h. It was found that contaminating soil with PAHs and adding earthworms had no effect on emissions of N2O. Emission of N2O, however, increased in sludge-amended soil, but addition of earthworms to this soil and contamination reduced it.", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.09.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.09.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.09.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.09.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.12.004", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-02-02", "title": "Soil Enzymes, Nematode Community And Selected Physico-Chemical Properties As Soil Quality Indicators In Organic And Conventional Olive Oil Farming: Influence Of Seasonality And Site Features", "description": "Abstract   There is growing interest in the application of soil enzymes and nematode community indices as indicators of changes in soil quality under contrasting management practices. Although an abundant literature on this subject has arisen during the last 10 years, most of the studies have focused on measuring many soil quality indicators at a single or a few sampling times. However, soil enzyme activities show a natural temporal variability which could mask the variability due to the type and timing of soil management practices. In this study, we compared soil enzymes, nematode communities and physical\u2013chemical soil properties in three pairs of organic and neighbouring conventional olive orchards. Dehydrogenase, \u03b2-glucosidase, arylsulfatase, acid and alkaline phosphatases activities, and potential nitrification were studied during an annual cycle, and variability due to sites, replicates within a site, management practices and seasonality has been accounted for. In addition, several nematode community indicators were also studied on one occasion. The geometric mean of enzymes activities (GMea), used as an integrating soil quality index, was validated through an independently performed principal component analysis (PCA). Seasonal variability of individual soil enzymes ranged from 29 to 71%, without a consistent temporal trend. Management system explained, on average, a maximum of 26.3 and 15% of the variability found for soil enzymes and nematode community indicators, respectively. Most of the variability found in both sets of indicators was due to different localities (up to 58 and 45% for soil enzyme and nematode community indicators, respectively) and replicates within a plot (up to 51 and 86%, respectively). Organic management resulted in significantly higher soil enzyme activities. However, differences were dependent on site and sampling. For nematode community indicators, the organic farms showed higher values only for one site. These results reveal the need for extensive comparative assessments to draw clear conclusions on the improvement of soil quality under sustainable management practices. The GMea was significantly higher in organic than in conventional managed plots, independently of the sampling and, moreover, showed significant correlation with the first axis of the PCA. In addition, the GMea, and scores on the first axis were highly correlated with some of the nematode indices. Therefore, the GMea was a suitable tool to condense the whole set of soil enzyme values in a single informative numerical value, which was more sensitive to management practices than nematode community indicators.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.12.004"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.12.004", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.12.004", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.12.004"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.03.003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-04-30", "title": "Soil Priming By Sugar And Leaf-Litter Substrates: A Link To Microbial Groups", "description": "The impact of elevated CO2 on leaf-litter and root exudate production may alter soil carbon storage capacities for the future. In particular when so-called \u2018priming effects\u2019, the counterintuitive loss of soil carbon following input of organic carbon substrates, are taken into consideration. Here we investigate the dynamics of priming effects and ask whether the source of primed carbon is microbial biomass or soil organic matter and whether specific microbial groups, as identified by phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) biomarkers, may be important in causing them. We measured \u03b413C within soil CO2 efflux and PLFA biomarkers following C3 soil priming effects caused by additions of C4 sugar-cane sucrose and maize (Zea mays L.) leaf-litter chopped and ground. All additions caused an initial pulse of priming effect CO2 and a later pulse of substrate-derived CO2, showing that priming effects can be induced rapidly following changes in substrate supply. Priming effects persisted over 32 days and led to a loss of soil carbon, with an increase in soil carbon decomposition of 169% following sucrose addition, 44% following chopped maize and 67% following ground maize additions. An increased concentration of soil-derived carbon within specific PLFA biomarkers provided evidence that a source of the primed carbon was soil organic matter. Certain Gram negative bacteria, identified by PLFA biomarkers (16:1\u03c95, 16:1\u03c97), showed increased uptake of soil carbon for both sucrose and maize treatments and may be directly linked to priming effects. Our study provides evidence that substrate carbon inputs to soil induce rapid changes in specific microbial groups, which in turn increase soil carbon metabolism.", "keywords": ["priming effect", "2. Zero hunger", "decomposition", "leaf-litter", "13. Climate action", "PLFA", "stable isotopes", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "soil carbon", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Nottingham, Andrew T., Griffiths, Howard, Chamberlain, Paul M., Stott, Andrew W., Tanner, Edmund V. J.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.03.003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.03.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.03.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.03.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.05.011", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-06-22", "title": "Changes In Soil Microbial Community Structure Following The Abandonment Of Agricultural Terraces In Mountainous Areas Of Eastern Spain", "description": "In Eastern Spain, almond trees have been cultivated in terraced orchards for centuries, forming an integral part of the Mediterranean forest scene. In the last decades, orchards have been abandoned due to changes in society. This study investigates effects of changes in land use from forest to agricultural land and the posterior land abandonment on soil microbial community, and the influence of soil physico-chemical properties on the microbial community composition (assessed as abundances of phospholipids fatty acids, PLFA). For this purpose, three land uses (forest, agricultural and abandoned agricultural) at four locations in SE Spain were selected. Multivariate analysis showed a substantial level of differentiation in microbial community structure according to land use. The microbial communities of forest soils were highly associated with soil organic matter content. However, we have not found any physical or chemical soil property capable of explaining the differences between agricultural and abandoned agricultural soils. Thus, it was suggested that the cessation of the perturbation caused by agriculture and shifts in vegetation may have led to changes in the microbial community structure. PLFAs indicative of fungi and ratio of fungal to bacterial PLFAs were higher in abandoned agricultural soils, whereas the relative abundance of bacteria was higher in agricultural soils. Actinomycetes were generally lower in abandoned agricultural soils, while the proportions of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhyzal fungi were, as a general trend, higher in agricultural and abandoned agricultural soils than in forests. Total microbial biomass and richness increased as agricultural < abandoned agricultural < forest soils.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.05.011"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.05.011", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.05.011", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.05.011"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.08.005", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-09-19", "title": "Cover Crops Under Different Managements Vs. Frequent Tillage In Almond Orchards In Semiarid Conditions: Effects On Soil Quality", "description": "Abstract   Frequent tillage has been widely used in rainfed orchards in SE Spain in order to impede weed establishment and to increase water reposition in the soil profile. However, this practice may lead to soil degradation by decreasing structural stability, organic carbon content and microbial activity. This work examines the effect of different cover crop managements and frequent tillage on soil physical, chemical and biological properties in almond orchards in SE Spain. Two cover crops (oat \u2013  Avena sativa  L. and oat-vetch \u2013  Vicia sativa  L.) with two fertilization managements (mineral and organic) and three harvesting regimes (grazing in mid May, hay in early June, and grain-straw in mid July) were compared to a frequently tilled orchard system (three or four tillages per year). Most parameters were sensitive to soil management. Wet aggregate stability, total organic carbon, total nitrogen, carbon:nitrogen ratio, phosphatase, and \u03b2-glucosidase activities increased with cover crops, whereas the soil\u2013water content declined, especially for the grain-straw treatment. The kind of fertilizer affected the available P content, which was higher for mineral fertilizer, and influenced the \u03b2-glucosidase activity, which augmented for the organic fertilizer. Livestock dejections depressed phosphatase activity, and increased WSC and available P.  This study suggests that cover crops in semiarid environments improve soil quality compared to frequently tilled management, by increasing the organic matter content, improving the chemical and physical fertility of the soil, and enhancing the soil biological activity. Only higher water extraction by the plants could affect the orchard development and/or productivity; however, early cover crop removal would minimize possible yield losses.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.08.005"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.08.005", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.08.005", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.08.005"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.11.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-12-17", "title": "Comparison Of Organic And Conventional Stockless Arable Systems: A Multidisciplinary Approach To Soil Quality Evaluation", "description": "Abstract   Soil quality in Mediterranean conventional and organic stockless arable systems was assessed by a multidisciplinary approach. At the end of the first cycle of a 5-year crop rotation (2002\u20132006) in the Mediterranean Arable Systems Comparison Trial (MASCOT) long-term experiment, the effects of organic and conventional management systems were evaluated by using soil chemical, biochemical and biological parameters. Chemical and biochemical parameters linked to soil C cycle, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and microarthropod communities were analysed according to a comparative approach. Results suggested a higher soil carbon sequestration in the organic respect to the conventional system, as shown by the values of total organic C (9.5 and 7.8\u00a0g\u00a0kg \u22121 , for organic and conventional system, respectively) and potentially mineralisable C (277 and 254\u00a0mg\u00a0kg \u22121 , for organic and conventional system, respectively). AMF population, AMF root colonisation and diversity of microarthropod population were slightly influenced by management system. On the other hand, mites/collembolans ratio was higher in conventionally than in organically managed soil (2.67 and 1.30, respectively), indicating as organic managed soils were more disturbed than conventional ones, probably as the consequence of the more frequent soil tillage performed for mechanical weeds control.  The overall results demonstrated that, even in the short-term, the implementation of organically managed stockless systems in Mediterranean areas determined significant changes of some attributes for soil quality evaluation.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "organic farming", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.11.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.11.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.11.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.11.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.03.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-04-19", "title": "Response Of Microbial Characteristics To Heavy Metal Pollution Of Mining Soils In Central Tibet, China", "description": "Abstract   Soil microbial activity plays a crucial role in soil microbiological processes, which can be used as a useful indicator to determine the ecological effects of heavy metal pollution on soils. The objective was to determine the effects of heavy metal pollution on mining soils at the Lawu mine of central Tibet, China on soil enzyme activities (sucrase, urease and acid phosphatase), microbial biomass C, N and P (MBC, MBN, and MBP), basal respiration, metabolic quotients, and N mineralization. Sixteen soil samples around the mine were sampled, and one soil sample, 2\u00a0km from the mine center, was taken as the control. Compared to the control, mining soils were polluted by heavy metals, Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd, resulting in decreases of sucrase activities, urease activities, acid phosphatase activities, MBC, MBN, MBP, and N mineralization, and increases of basal respiration and qCO 2 . Multivariate analysis (cluster analysis [CA], principle component analysis [PCA] and canonical correlation analysis [CCA]) indicated nine microbial variables were only reduced to one principal component explaining 72% of the original variances, and MBC ( R  2 \u00a0=\u00a00.93) had the highest positive loadings on the principal component. Mining soils polluted by heavy metals were perfectly clustered into four groups, which were highly distinguished by MBC. There were significant canonical correlations between soil heavy metals and microbial indexes on two canonical variates (R1\u00a0=\u00a00.99,  p  p", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.03.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.03.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.03.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.03.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.04.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-05-22", "title": "Effect Of The Endogeic Earthworm Pontoscolex Corethrurus On The Microbial Structure And Activity Related To Co2 And N2o Fluxes From A Tropical Soil (Madagascar)", "description": "Abstract   The objective of this laboratory study was to determine the influence of a tropical endogeic earthworm,  Pontoscolex corethrurus , on CO 2  and N 2 O fluxes from a tropical Ferralsol and microorganisms potentially involved in these gases emissions. CO 2  and N 2 O fluxes were measured during 35 days from soil mesocosms with and without earthworms. At the end of the incubation, 7% of soil was egested as cast in the earthworm treatment. Then, casts which may be aged from few hours to 35 days old were isolated from non-ingested soil. Different descriptive parameters (activity, density, and structure) of the microbial communities were investigated in the control, the non-ingested soils, and the casts. Quantitative PCR of denitrification genes encoding the nitrite ( nirK ) and nitrous oxide ( nosZ ) reductases was used to study denitrifier density in the earthworm casts. The presence of  P. corethrurus  induced a significant increase in CO 2  emissions but did not affect N 2 O fluxes when measured at mesocosm level. Despite the absence of significant differences in C and N contents between soils and casts, the near infra-red spectra analysis clearly underlined a specific organic signature for the casts. Fungal and bacterial biomass significantly decreased (\u223c2-fold) in casts compared to parent soil, but the fungal-to-bacterial ratio was not modified by the earthworm casting activity. Data suggested that bacterial communities, especially denitrifiers, were modified in casts. The relative abundance of  nirK  and  nosZ  genes increased in the casts while the genetic structures of total bacteria and denitrifying communities were slightly modified in the casts. This study highlighted the importance of earthworm casts as a specific soil habitat where a subset of soil functional bacterial communities (such as denitrifiers) found favourable condition for their growth. However the effect of  P. corethrurus  was less evident when up-scaling from casts to mesocosm level.", "keywords": ["Pontoscolex corethrurus", "Quantitative PCR", "Denitrification genes", "Madagascar", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Microbial activity potentials", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "01 natural sciences", "630", "FAME", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.04.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.04.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.04.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.04.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.06.008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-07-31", "title": "Soil Microbial Quality Associated With Yield Reduction In Continuous-Pea", "description": "Abstract   The negative impact of continuous production on soil productivity has been demonstrated but is not well understood. The impacts of continuous-pea on soil health and functioning, as compared to pea\u2013wheat rotation, were assessed as part of an 11-year study conducted on a thin Black Chernozemic soil to understand how crop rotation affects soil microbial communities, nutrient availability, and pea nutrition and productivity. Soil and plants from the field pea phase of the rotations receiving one of three nitrogen treatments (0, 20, 40\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha\u22121) were sampled three times during the growing season of 2005. Reduction in pea plant productivity in the continuous-pea system seemed attributable to multiple causes. In continuous-pea, tissue N and P concentrations were reduced by over 10%, and tissue Fe and Mn concentrations were increased 2- and 1.7-fold, respectively. High tissue micronutrients (Fe, Mn, Cu, and Zn) concentration was related with the abundance of the Gram negative bacteria phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) biomarker 2OH-14:0. In the continuous-pea rotation, the soil microbial community was smaller, the abundance of beneficial Gram positive bacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi was reduced as indicated by phospholipids fatty acid biomarkers, and the percentage of AM root colonization was lower. These differences in soil microbial biodiversity could be related with increased susceptibility of continuous-pea to root rot injury, as continuous-pea root abundance was reduced 2-fold as compared to pea\u2013wheat rotation. Fusarium root rot was more severe in the continuous-pea than pea\u2013wheat rotation (assessed in 2001 and 2008). Depressed soil organic carbon level, and dehydrogenase, phosphatase and urease activity in continuous-pea, revealed a negative impact of continuous-pea on nutrient cycling. Greater residual NO3 level in the soil profile indicated inefficient use of N and increased risk of N leaching with continuous-pea.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.06.008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.06.008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.06.008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.06.008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Science&offset=2950&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Science&offset=2950&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "prev", "title": "items (prev)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Science&offset=2900", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "next", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (next)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Science&offset=3000", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 15794, "numberReturned": 50, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-04-04T08:17:02.397743Z"}