{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.2136/sssaj2007.0248", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:22:43Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-05-30", "title": "Long-Term Effects Of Harvesting Maize Stover And Tillage On Soil Quality", "description": "

Rising concerns about greenhouse gases, increased fuel prices, and the potential for new high value agricultural products have raised interest in the use of maize stover for bioenergy production. However, residue harvest must be weighed against potential negative impacts on soil quality. This study, conducted in Chazy, NY, evaluated the long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term effects of 32 yr of maize (Zea maysL.) stover harvest vs. stover return on soil quality in the surface layer (5\uffe2\uff80\uff9366 mm) under plow till (PT) and no\uffe2\uff80\uff90till (NT) systems on a Raynham silt loam (coarse\uffe2\uff80\uff90silty, mixed, active, nonacid, mesic Aeric Epiaquept) using physical, chemical, and biological soil properties as soil quality indicators. Twenty\uffe2\uff80\uff90five soil properties were measured, including standard chemical soil tests, aggregate stability (WSA), bulk density, (\uffcf\uff81b) penetration resistance (PR), saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks), infiltrability (Infilt), several porosity indicators (aeration pores(PO > 1000), soil water potential = \uffce\uffa8 > \uffe2\uff88\uff920.36 kPa; air\uffe2\uff80\uff90filled pores at field capacity (PO > 30), \uffce\uffa8 > \uffe2\uff88\uff9210kPa; available water capacity (AWC), \uffe2\uff88\uff921500 < \uffce\uffa8 < \uffe2\uff88\uff9210 kPa), total organic matter (OM), parasitic (Nemparasitic) and beneficial nematode (Nembeneficial) populations, decomposition rate (Decomp), potentially mineralizable N (PMN) and easily extractable (EEG) and total glomalin (TG). Only eight indicators were adversely affected by stover harvest, and most of these effects were significant only under NT. Almost all indicators affected by stover removal were affected equally or more adversely by tillage. A total of 15 indicators were adversely affected by tillage. Results of this study suggest that, on a silt loam soil in a temperate climate, long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term stover harvest had lower adverse impacts on soil quality than long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term tillage. Stover harvest appears to be sustainable when practiced under NT management.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2007.0248"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Science%20Society%20of%20America%20Journal", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2136/sssaj2007.0248", "name": "item", "description": "10.2136/sssaj2007.0248", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2136/sssaj2007.0248"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2139/ssrn.5084742", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:22:49Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-05-25", "title": "ZnO-nanostructured electrochemical sensor for efficient detection of glyphosate in water", "description": "Glyphosate is a widely used broad-spectrum herbicide for controlling grassy weeds, despite having potential health hazards. Herein, we report on a solid-state electrochemical sensor based on ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) for on-site detection of glyphosate. Accordingly, ZnO NPs was drop-cast on the surface of a disposable screen-printed carbon electrode. Eco-friendly ZnO NPs of only 7 nm crystallite sizes were obtained by green sol-gel synthesis using lemon (Citrus limon) waste aqueous extract as the green reducing and capping/stabilizing agent and Zn nitrate precursor as evidenced by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction and diffuse reflectance. SEM confirmed successful electrode functionalization with the synthesized nanoparticles. Under laboratory conditions in acetate buffer (pH 5), the sensor demonstrated excellent selectivity and sensitivity, with a detection limit of 0.648 \u00b5M, a wide linear detection range (0.5 \u00b5M to 7.5 mM), and a rapid detection time of 30 min. When tested in river water, the sensor achieved a detection limit of 0.96 \u00b5M using differential pulse voltammetry. It also exceptionally tolerated interference from similar organophosphorus compounds and ions commonly found in river water. The excellent detection performance of the sensor was attributed to the strong coordination interactions between Zn atoms and phosphonate/carboxylate groups that are enhanced by a hydrogen bond at acidic pH, as determined by chemical calculations. This disposable sensor offers a cost-effective, efficient, and environmentally friendly solution for monitoring glyphosate in water systems.", "keywords": ["QD71-142", "Environmental water", "Eco-friendly ZnO nanoparticles", "Computational modeling", "Pesticides", "Eco-friendly ZnO nanoparticles;", "[SDV.MP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology", "Analytical chemistry", "Sensor"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5084742"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Talanta%20Open", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2139/ssrn.5084742", "name": "item", "description": "10.2139/ssrn.5084742", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2139/ssrn.5084742"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2307/2265779", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:22:53Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-05-09", "title": "Responses Of A C-4 Grass And Three C-3 Forbs To Variation In Nitrogen And Light In Tallgrass Prairie", "description": "

In tallgrass prairie, high plant species diversity results not from a large number of grass species, but from a large number of forb (nongrass, herbaceous) species. Forbs exhibit morphological, life history, and ecophysiological characteristics that contrast sharply with those of the dominant C4 grasses. Success of the subdominant forbs varies strongly with topographic position and burning regime, and landscape scale patterns of abundance are well documented. But comparatively little is known about the mechanisms determining these patterns in persistent tallgrass prairie forbs. To elucidate these mechanisms, (1) leaf\uffe2\uff80\uff94level physiological characteristics of the dominant C4 grass, Andropogon gerardii, and four co\uffe2\uff80\uff94occurring C3 forbs were measured in response to natural and experimentally manipulated gradients of N availability, and (2) seasonal light environments of forbs in contrasting topographic positions and burning regimes and their morphological and physiological responses in these environments were compared to determine whether resource availability and utilization patterns contributed to patterns of forb distribution and abundance. The effects of burning regime and topographic position on maximum rate of photosynthesis (A) and stomatal conductance to water vapor (g) measured at the leaf level were not consistent with patterns of forb abundance. Nitrogen did not appear to limit forb physiological processes, even though increased N availability resulted in higher tissue N concentrations and greater biomass. There was no consistent increase in (A) or decrease in (g) in response to fertilization. However, (A) at low light levels was as much as 67% higher in fertilized Vernonia baldwinii and A. gerardii compared to unfertilized plants. Greater light availability to forbs in the canopy was associated with lower grass biomass production in uplands compared to lowlands and in unburned compared to burned sites. Forbs did not appear to adjust morphologically (leaf area and plant height) to different light environments at different sites. As a result, as much as 90% of forb leaf area in the burned lowland was displayed in low light, whereas as little as 30% of forb leaf area was in low light in the uplands at midseason. Estimates of potential whole\uffe2\uff80\uff94plant carbon uptake, based on leaf area distribution relative to available light and (A) as a function of light availability, agreed well with patterns of forb abundance and production. Differences in light availability may account for much of the variability in forb abundance related to burning regime and topographic position by limiting carbon gain in forbs more in burned lowlands than in other sites.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "C. L. Turner, Alan K. Knapp,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2307/2265779"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2307/2265779", "name": "item", "description": "10.2307/2265779", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2307/2265779"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1996-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2307/2425415", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:22:54Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-04-24", "title": "The Effect Of Nitrogen-Fertilization On The Production Of Halophytes In An Inland Salt-Marsh", "description": "The effect of nitrogen fertilization on plant production, soil and plant nitrogen content, and species distribution in an Ohio salt marsh was analyzed. Seasonal measurements indicate that the three dominant species attained maximal production at different times during the growing season. Production of Salicornia europaea increased with nitrogen fertilization and it appears that reduced soil nitrogen concentrations may be responsible for the different growth forms of S. europaea found in this marsh. Shoot nitrogen concentrations of S. europaea were inversely related to the growth response to fertilization. High tissue nitrogen concentrations in Hordeum jubatum and Atriplex triangularis suggest that some factor other than nitrogen is limiting to these species. INTRODUCTION A number of studies concerning production of plants in coastal salt marsh ecosystems suggest that productivity may be limited by availability of nitrogen (Tyler, 1967; Pigott, 1969; Stewart et al., 1972, 1973; Valiela and Teal, 1974; Gallagher, 1975; Patrick and Delaune, 1976; Mendelssohn, 1979b; Haines, 1979). Smart and Barko (1980) showed that although biomass was ultimately determined by the availability of nitrogen, growth rate was affected by the salinity of the sediments. Other effects of nitrogen fertilization on coastal salt marsh vegetation include: increased allocation of resources to sexual reproduction (Jefferies and Perkins, 1977), increased levels of nitrogen in the plant material (Buresh et al., 1980; Pigott, 1969) and a change in the distribution of plants in the salt marsh (Valiela et al., 1975). While these studies suggest that nitrogen may be an important limiting factor in the productivity of coastal marshes, no studies have been done to ascertain if this is true in inland salt marshes. Studies of plant production from inland saline areas (Hadley and Buccos, 1967, Hadley, 1970) have either not examined it in relation to nitrogen limitation, or else have concentrated on the response to nitrogen additions of a single species when grown under greenhouse conditions (Cords, 1960). Lack of tidal action and differences in species composition preclude the assumption that coastal and inland salt marshes respond similarly tonitrogen addition. The Atlantic coastal marshes of the United States are generally characterized by a bay-to-upland sequence of zones consisting of perennial grasses in the low marsh, giving way to annual succulents in the higher portions of the marsh (Niering and Warren, 1980). In an Ohio salt marsh this vegetational pattern was reversed. The annual species Salicornia europaea and Atriplex triangularis form two zones bordering the center of the saline pan with the perennial grass Hordeumjubatum occurring on the outer edge of the marsh, in the area of lower salinity (Ungar et al., 1979). The objectives of this study were to determine seasonal change in plant production, the effect of the nitrate and ammonium forms of nitrogen fertilization on plant production in an inland salt marsh and to determine if nitrogen deficiencies are responsible for the difference in the growth forms of Salicornia. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study area is a saline pan located at the site of the Morton Salt Company, in the city of Rittman, Wayne Co., Ohio (long. 810 47' 30', lat. 400 57' 30':SW?4 Sec 12, T 18N, R 13W). Three vegetation zones characterize the site: a Hordeum jubatum zone, an Atriplex triangularis zone and a zone of Salicornia europaea that was divided into", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Irwin A. Ungar, David G. Loveland,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2307/2425415"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/American%20Midland%20Naturalist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2307/2425415", "name": "item", "description": "10.2307/2425415", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2307/2425415"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1983-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2489/jswc.72.4.361", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:22:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-06-24", "description": "Cover cropping is a widely promoted strategy to enhance soil health in agricultural systems. Despite a substantial body of literature demonstrating links between cover crops and soil biology, an important component of soil health, research evaluating how specific cover crop species influence soil microbial communities remains limited. This study examined the effects of eight fall-sown cover crop species grown singly and in multispecies mixtures on microbial community structure and soil biological activity using phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) profiles and daily respiration rates, respectively. Fourteen cover crop treatments and a no cover crop control were established in August of 2011 and 2012 on adjacent fields in central Pennsylvania following spring oats (Avena sativa L.). Soil communities were sampled from bulk soil collected to a depth of 20 cm (7.9 in) in fall and spring, approximately two and nine months after cover crop planting and prior to cover crop termination. In both fall and spring, cover crops led to an increase in total PLFA concentration relative to the arable weed community present in control plots (increases of 5.37 nmol g\u22121 and 10.20 nmol g\u22121, respectively). While there was a positive correlation between aboveground plant biomass (whether from arable weeds or cover crops) and total PLFA concentration, we also found that individual cover crop species favored particular microbial functional groups. Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi were more abundant beneath oat and cereal rye (Secale cereale L.) cover crops. Non-AM fungi were positively associated with hairy vetch (Vicia villosa L.). These cover crop-microbial group associations were present not only in monocultures, but also multispecies cover crop mixtures. Arable weed communities were associated with higher proportions of actinomycetes and Gram-positive bacteria. Soil biological activity varied by treatment and was positively correlated with both the size and composition (fungal:bacterial ratio) of the microbial community. This research establishes a clear link between cover crops, microbial communities, and soil health. We have shown that while cover crops generally promote microbial biomass and activity, there are species-specific cover crop effects on soil microbial community composition that ultimately influence soil biological activity. This discovery paves the way for intentional management of the soil microbiome to enhance soil health through cover crop selection.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2489/jswc.72.4.361"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Soil%20and%20Water%20Conservation", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2489/jswc.72.4.361", "name": "item", "description": "10.2489/jswc.72.4.361", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2489/jswc.72.4.361"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3389/fmicb.2022.983823", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:23:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-11-08", "title": "Long-term effects of early-life rumen microbiota modulation on dairy cow production performance and methane emissions", "description": "

Rumen microbiota modulation during the pre-weaning period has been suggested as means to affect animal performance later in life. In this follow-up study, we examined the post-weaning rumen microbiota development differences in monozygotic twin-heifers that were inoculated (T-group) or not inoculated (C-group) (n\uffe2\uff80\uff89=\uffe2\uff80\uff894 each) with fresh adult rumen liquid during their pre-weaning period. We also assessed the treatment effect on production parameters and methane emissions of cows during their 1st lactation period. The rumen microbiota was determined by the 16S rRNA gene, 18S rRNA gene, and ITS1 amplicon sequencing. Animal weight gain and rumen fermentation parameters were monitored from 2 to 12\uffe2\uff80\uff89months of age. The weight gain was not affected by treatment, but butyrate proportion was higher in T-group in month 3 (p\uffe2\uff80\uff89=\uffe2\uff80\uff890.04). Apart from archaea (p\uffe2\uff80\uff89=\uffe2\uff80\uff890.084), the richness of bacteria (p\uffe2\uff80\uff89&lt;\uffe2\uff80\uff890.0001) and ciliate protozoa increased until month 7 (p\uffe2\uff80\uff89=\uffe2\uff80\uff890.004) and anaerobic fungi until month 11 (p\uffe2\uff80\uff89=\uffe2\uff80\uff890.005). The microbiota structure, measured as Bray\uffe2\uff80\uff93Curtis distances, continued to develop until months 3, 6, 7, and 10, in archaea, ciliate protozoa, bacteria, and anaerobic fungi, respectively (for all: p\uffe2\uff80\uff89=\uffe2\uff80\uff890.001). Treatment or age \uffc3\uff97 treatment interaction had a significant (p\uffe2\uff80\uff89&lt;\uffe2\uff80\uff890.05) effect on 18 bacterial, 2 archaeal, and 6 ciliate protozoan taxonomic groups, with differences occurring mostly before month 4 in bacteria, and month 3 in archaea and ciliate protozoa. Treatment stimulated earlier maturation of prokaryote community in T-group before month 4 and earlier maturation of ciliate protozoa at month 2 (Random Forest: 0.75\uffe2\uff80\uff89month for bacteria and 1.5\uffe2\uff80\uff89month for protozoa). No treatment effect on the maturity of anaerobic fungi was observed. The milk production and quality, feed efficiency, and methane emissions were monitored during cow\uffe2\uff80\uff99s 1st lactation. The T-group had lower variation in energy-corrected milk yield (p\uffe2\uff80\uff89&lt;\uffe2\uff80\uff890.001), tended to differ in pattern of residual energy intake over time (p\uffe2\uff80\uff89=\uffe2\uff80\uff890.069), and had numerically lower somatic cell count throughout their 1st lactation period (p\uffe2\uff80\uff89=\uffe2\uff80\uff890.081), but no differences between the groups in methane emissions (g/d, g/kg DMI, or g/kg milk) were observed. Our results demonstrated that the orally administered microbial inoculant induced transient changes in early rumen microbiome maturation. In addition, the treatment may influence the later production performance, although the mechanisms that mediate these effects need to be further explored.

", "keywords": ["microbiome modulation", "0301 basic medicine", "570", "ta412", "microbiome establishment", "Heifer", "dairy cow", "Rumen function", "Animal science", " dairy science", "Microbiology", "630", "Microbiome modulation", "QR1-502", "rumen function", "Microbiome establishment", "03 medical and health sciences", "Dairy cow", "heifer"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.983823"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Frontiers%20in%20Microbiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3389/fmicb.2022.983823", "name": "item", "description": "10.3389/fmicb.2022.983823", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3389/fmicb.2022.983823"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-11-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/proceedings2019030057", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:23:32Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-05-20", "title": "Soil Structural Shifts Caused by Land Management Practices", "description": "Long-term agricultural practices have been shown to affect soil hydro-physical properties in multiple ways. They affect the stability and distribution of soil aggregates leading to changes in water retention, bulk density, hydraulic conductivity, and porosity. Aggregate stability is an indicator of the resilience of aggregates to external forces. Unstable aggregates can change rapidly under different land management practices and meteorological conditions. \u039cacro-aggregates (>250 \u03bcm) are formed more rapidly and are often more sensitive to management changes. Here, four different long-term experiments, run by the SoilCare Horizon 2020 Project partners, were sampled and analyzed, in order to evaluate the impact of different agricultural management practices in the water stability of soil aggregates and the fractions distribution. Different experiments selected, include control-conventional treatment and different treatments, which are considered soil improving. The treatments are about soil cultivation (conventional ploughing-control, zero tillage, minimum tillage, strip tillage, shallow tillage) and organic input (mineral fertilization-control, residue incorporation, farmyard manure) and are selected in areas with different climatic and soil conditions. Initial results indicate that treatments with less soil disturbance present more water stable aggregates (WSA) >250 \u03bcm and higher mean weight diameters (MWD), as well as the same trend following the treatments with increased organic input. According to Tukey\u2019s Honest Significance test (p < 0.05), management practices are shown to have a significant impact on the WSA and MWD in most cases, but not all similar treatments in the different areas present the same results. The large macro-aggregates (>2 mm) seem to be greatly sensitive to soil cultivation, whereas the results for the small macro-aggregates (250 \u03bcm\u20132 mm) are controversial among the different tillage experiments. The different organic inputs seems to affect more the small macro-aggregates than the larger. The initial results indicate that the shifts in the soil structure cannot only be justified by the different management practices. The interrelationships and potential links with other soil properties like texture, bulk density, particulate organic matter and climate will be taken into account in further steps in order to understand the mechanisms behind the aggregation shifts.", "keywords": ["long-term experiments", "2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "soil cultivation", "A", "aggregates", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "soil structure", "SoilCare", "General Works", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Ioanna Panagea, Jan Diels, Guido Wyseure,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2019030057"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/TERRAenVISION%202019", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/proceedings2019030057", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/proceedings2019030057", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/proceedings2019030057"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-05-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.4081/ija.2012.e26", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:23:50Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-05-31", "description": "Interest in biochar (BC) has grown dramatically in recent years, due mainly to the fact that its incorporation into soil reportedly enhances carbon sequestration and fertility. Currently, BC types most under investigation are those obtained from organic matter (OM) of plant origin. As great amounts of manure solids are expected to become available in the near future, thanks to the development of technologies for the separation of the solid fraction of animal effluents, processing of manure solids for BC production seems an interesting possibility for the recycling of OM of high nutrient value. The aim of this study was to investigate carbon (C) sequestration and nutrient dynamics in soil amended with BC from dried swine manure solids. The experiment was carried out in laboratory microcosms on a silty clay soil. The effect on nutrient dynamics of interaction between BC and fresh digestate obtained from a biogas plant was also investigated to test the hypothesis that BC can retain nutrients. A comparison was made of the following treatments: soil amended with swine manure solids (LC), soil amended with charred swine manure solids (LT), soil amended with wood chip (CC), soil amended with charred wood chip (CT), soil with no amendment as control (Cs), each one of them with and without incorporation of digestate (D) for a total of 10 treatments. Biochar was obtained by treating OM (wood chip or swine manure) with moisture content of less than 10% at 420\u00b0C in anoxic conditions. The CO2-C release and organic C, available phosphorus (P) (Olsen P, POls) and inorganic (ammonium+nitrate) nitrogen (N) (Nmin) contents at the start and three months after the start of the experiment were measured in the amended and control soils. After three months of incubation at 30\u00b0C, the CO2-C emissions from soil with BC (CT and LT, \u00b1D) were the same as those in the control soil (Cs) and were lower than those in the soils with untreated amendments (CC and LC, \u00b1D). The organic C content decreased in CT and LT to a lesser extent than in CC and LC. In soils with D (+D), the CO2-C emissions were equal to or higher than those in soils without (-D). The Nmin content increased in all treatments; the POls content decreased in the +D treatments. The incorporation of BC into soil, by reducing CO2 emissions, actually contributes to C sequestration without modifying N availability for crops. For a given N content, the BC from swine manure solids supplies much more P than the non-treated OM and, therefore, represents an interesting source of P for crops.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "S", "emissions", "Plant culture", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "nitrogen", "6. Clean water", "SB1-1110", "13. Climate action", "manure", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "biochar", "phosphorus"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.4081/ija.2012.e26"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Italian%20Journal%20of%20Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.4081/ija.2012.e26", "name": "item", "description": "10.4081/ija.2012.e26", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.4081/ija.2012.e26"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5061/dryad.cz8w9gj78", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:24:06Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Soil microbial relative resource limitation exhibited contrasting seasonal patterns along an elevational gradient in Yulong snow mountain", "description": "unspecified", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "mountain ecosystems", "13. Climate action", "microbial metabolic mechanisms", "microbial relative C limitation", "microbial relative P limitation", "C use efficiency", "FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences", "15. Life on land", "elevations"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Zhang, Dandan, Wu, Baoyun, Li, Jinsheng, Cheng, Xiaoli,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.cz8w9gj78"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5061/dryad.cz8w9gj78", "name": "item", "description": "10.5061/dryad.cz8w9gj78", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5061/dryad.cz8w9gj78"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-02-02T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5061/dryad.wh70rxwww", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:24:12Z", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2024-06-19", "title": "Data from: Competition between mixo- and heterotrophic ciliates under dynamic resource supply", "description": "unspecifiedThe outcome of species competition strongly depends on the traits of the competitors and associated trade-offs, as well as on environmental variability. Here we investigate the relevance of consumer trait variation for species coexistence in a ciliate consumer \u2013 microalgal prey system under fluctuating regimes of resource supply. We focus on consumer competition and feeding traits, and specifically on the consumer\u2019s ability to overcome periods of resource limitation by mixotrophy, i. e. the ability of photosynthetic carbon fixation via algal symbionts in addition to phagotrophy. In a 48-day chemostat experiment, we investigated competitive interactions of different heterotrophic and mixotrophic ciliates of the genera Euplotes and Coleps under different resource regimes, providing prey either continuously or in pulses under constant or fluctuating light, entailing periods of resource depletion in fluctuating environments, but overall providing the same amount of prey and light. Although ultimate competition results remained unaffected, population dynamics of mixotrophic and heterotrophic ciliates were significantly altered by resource supply mode. However, the effects differed among species combinations and changed over time. Whether mixotrophs or heterotrophs dominated in competition strongly depended on the genera of the competing species and thus species-specific differences in the minimum resource requirements that are associated with feeding on shared prey, nutrient uptake, light harvesting and access to additional resources such as bacteria. Potential differences in the curvature of the species\u2019 resource-dependent growth functions may have further mediated the species-specific responses to the different resource supply modes. Overall, our study demonstrates that genus- or species-specific traits other than related to nutritional mode may override the relevance of acquired phototrophy by heterotrophs in competitive interactions, and that the potential advantage of photosynthetic carbon fixation of symbiont-bearing mixotrophs in competition with pure heterotrophs may differ greatly among different mixotrophs, playing out under different environmental conditions and depending on the specific requirements of the species. Complex trophic interactions determine the outcome of competition, which can only be understood by taking on a multidimensional trait perspective.", "keywords": ["Ciliates", "mixotrophy", "FOS: Biological sciences", "coexistence", "resource fluctuations", "microalgae-ciliate symbiosis"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Fl\u00f6der, Sabine, Klauschies, Toni, Klaassen, Moritz, Stoffers, Tjardo, Lambrecht, Max, Moorthi, Stefanie,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.wh70rxwww"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5061/dryad.wh70rxwww", "name": "item", "description": "10.5061/dryad.wh70rxwww", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5061/dryad.wh70rxwww"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-06-23T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/acp-10-7017-2010", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:24:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-04-29", "description": "

Abstract. We present and discuss a new dataset of gridded emissions covering the historical period (1850\uffe2\uff80\uff932000) in decadal increments at a horizontal resolution of 0.5\uffc2\uffb0 in latitude and longitude. The primary purpose of this inventory is to provide consistent gridded emissions of reactive gases and aerosols for use in chemistry model simulations needed by climate models for the Climate Model Intercomparison Program #5 (CMIP5) in support of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fifth Assessment Report (AR5). Our best estimate for the year 2000 inventory represents a combination of existing regional and global inventories to capture the best information available at this point; 40 regions and 12 sectors are used to combine the various sources. The historical reconstruction of each emitted compound, for each region and sector, is then forced to agree with our 2000 estimate, ensuring continuity between past and 2000 emissions. Simulations from two chemistry-climate models is used to test the ability of the emission dataset described here to capture long-term changes in atmospheric ozone, carbon monoxide and aerosol distributions. The simulated long-term change in the Northern mid-latitudes surface and mid-troposphere ozone is not quite as rapid as observed. However, stations outside this latitude band show much better agreement in both present-day and long-term trend. The model simulations indicate that the concentration of carbon monoxide is underestimated at the Mace Head station; however, the long-term trend over the limited observational period seems to be reasonably well captured. The simulated sulfate and black carbon deposition over Greenland is in very good agreement with the ice-core observations spanning the simulation period. Finally, aerosol optical depth and additional aerosol diagnostics are shown to be in good agreement with previously published estimates and observations.

", "keywords": ["info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/550", "550", "IPCC", "[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "Physics", "QC1-999", "emissions", "551", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "J", "[SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "Chemistry", "13. Climate action", "[SDE.ES] Environmental Sciences/Environment and Society", "CMIP5", "[SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environment and Society", "QD1-999", "AR5", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/eprint/9279/1/acp-10-7017-2010.pdf"}, {"href": "http://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/eprint/9279/1/acp-10-7017-2010.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-7017-2010"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Atmospheric%20Chemistry%20and%20Physics", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/acp-10-7017-2010", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/acp-10-7017-2010", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/acp-10-7017-2010"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-02-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/bg-15-1933-2018", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:24:18Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-11-21", "title": "Straw incorporation increases crop yield and soil organic carbon sequestration but varies under different natural conditions and farming practices in China: a system analysis", "description": "

Abstract. Loss of soil organic carbon (SOC) from agricultural soils is a key indicator of soil degradation associated with reductions in net primary productivity in crop production systems worldwide. Simple technical and locally appropriate solutions are required for farmers to increase SOC and to improve cropland management. In the last 30 years, straw incorporation has gradually been implemented across China in the context of agricultural intensification and rural livelihood improvement. A meta-analysis of data published before the end of 2016 was undertaken to investigate the effects of straw incorporation on crop production and SOC sequestration. The results of 68 experimental studies throughout China in different edaphic, climate regions and under different farming regimes were analyzed. Compared with straw removal, straw incorporation significantly sequestered SOC (0\uffe2\uff80\uff9320\uffe2\uff80\uff89cm depth) at the rate of 0.35 (range 0.31\uffe2\uff80\uff930.40)\uffe2\uff80\uff89Mg C\uffe2\uff80\uff89ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffe2\uff80\uff89yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921, increased crop grain yield by 13.4\uffe2\uff80\uff89% (range 9.3\uffe2\uff80\uff89%\uffe2\uff80\uff9318.4\uffe2\uff80\uff89%) and had a conversion efficiency of the applied straw-C as 16\uffe2\uff80\uff89%\uffe2\uff80\uff89\uffc2\uffb1\uffe2\uff80\uff892\uffe2\uff80\uff89% across the whole of China. The combined straw incorporation at the rate of 3\uffe2\uff80\uff89Mg C\uffe2\uff80\uff89ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffe2\uff80\uff89yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921 with mineral fertilizer of 200\uffe2\uff80\uff93400\uffe2\uff80\uff89kg N\uffe2\uff80\uff89ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffe2\uff80\uff89yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921 was demonstrated to be the best combination for farmers to use with crop yield increased by 32.7\uffe2\uff80\uff89% (range 17.9\uffe2\uff80\uff89%\uffe2\uff80\uff9356.4\uffe2\uff80\uff89%) and SOC sequestrated by the rate of 0.85 (range 0.54\uffe2\uff80\uff931.15)\uffe2\uff80\uff89Mg C\uffe2\uff80\uff89ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffe2\uff80\uff89yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921. Straw incorporation achieved higher SOC sequestration rate and crop yield increment when applied to clay soils, under high cropping intensities, and in areas like Northeast China where the soil is being degraded. SOC responses were the greatest in the initial starting phase of straw incorporation and then declined and finally were negligible after 28\uffe2\uff80\uff9362 years, however, crop yield responses were initially low and then increased reaching their highest level at 11\uffe2\uff80\uff9315 years after straw incorporation. Overall, our study confirmed that straw incorporation did create a positive feedback loop of SOC enhancement together with increased crop production, and this is of great practical significance to straw management as agricultural intensifies in China and other regions in the world with different climate conditions.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "QE1-996.5", "info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/550", "Ecology", "Life", "QH501-531", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Geology", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "QH540-549.5"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-1933-2018"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biogeosciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/bg-15-1933-2018", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/bg-15-1933-2018", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/bg-15-1933-2018"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-11-21T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/bg-19-2487-2022", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:24:19Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-05-13", "title": "Climatic variation drives loss and restructuring of carbon and nitrogen in boreal forest wildfire", "description": "

Abstract. The boreal forest landscape covers approximately 10\u2009% of the earth's land area and accounts for almost 30\u2009% of the global annual terrestrial sink of carbon\u00a0(C). Increased emissions due to climate-change-amplified fire frequency, size, and intensity threaten to remove elements such as C and nitrogen\u00a0(N) from forest soil and vegetation at rates faster than they accumulate. This may result in large areas within the region becoming a net source of greenhouse gases, creating a positive feedback loop with a changing climate. Meter-scale estimates of area-normalized fire emissions are limited in Eurasian boreal forests, and knowledge of their relation to climate and ecosystem properties is sparse. This study sampled 50 separate Swedish wildfires, which occurred during an extreme fire season in 2018, providing quantitative estimates of C and N loss due to fire along a climate gradient. Mean annual precipitation had strong positive effects on total fuel, which was the strongest driver for increasing C and N losses. Mean annual temperature\u00a0(MAT) influenced both pre- and postfire organic layer soil bulk density and C\u2009:\u2009N ratio, which had mixed effects on C and N losses. Significant fire-induced loss of C estimated in the 50 plots was comparable to estimates in similar Eurasian forests but approximately a quarter of those found in typically more intense North American boreal wildfires. N loss was insignificant, though a large amount of fire-affected fuel was converted to a low C\u2009:\u2009N surface layer of char in proportion to increased MAT. These results reveal large quantitative differences in C and N losses between global regions and their linkage to the broad range of climate conditions within Fennoscandia. A need exists to better incorporate these factors into models to improve estimates of global emissions of C and N due to fire in future climate scenarios. Additionally, this study demonstrated a linkage between climate and the extent of charring of soil fuel and discusses its potential for altering C and N dynamics in postfire recovery.

", "keywords": ["QE1-996.5", "Ecology", "Life", "13. Climate action", "QH501-531", "Geology", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "QH540-549.5", "Climate Science", "Klimatvetenskap", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2487-2022"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biogeosciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/bg-19-2487-2022", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/bg-19-2487-2022", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/bg-19-2487-2022"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-05-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/egusphere-2023-1681", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:24:25Z", "type": "Report", "created": "2023-08-14", "title": "The Effects of Land Use on Soil Carbon Stocks in the UK", "description": "

Abstract. Greenhouse gas stabilisation in the atmosphere is one of the most pressing challenges of this century. Sequestering carbon in the soil by changing land use and management is increasingly proposed as part of climate mitigation strategies, but our understanding of this is limited in quantitative terms. Here we collate a substantial national and regional data set (15790 soil cores), and analyse it in an advanced statistical modelling framework. This produced new estimates of the effects of land use on soil carbon stocks in the UK, different in magnitude and ranking order from the previous best estimates. Soil carbon stocks were highest in woodlands, followed by rough grazing and semi-natural grasslands, then improved grasslands, and lowest in croplands. Estimates were smaller than the previous estimates, partly because of new data, but mainly because the effect is more reliably characterised using a logarithmic transformation of the data. With the very large data set analysed here, the uncertainty in the differences among land uses was small enough to identify consistent mean effects. However, the variability in these effects was large, and this was similar across all surveys. This has important implications for agri-environment schemes, seeking to sequester carbon in the soil by altering land use, because the effect of a given intervention is very hard to verify. We examined the validity of the 'space-for-time' substitution, and although the results were not unequivocal, we estimated that the effects are likely to be over-estimated by 5\u201333 %, depending upon land use.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1681"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/egusphere-2023-1681", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/egusphere-2023-1681", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1681"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-08-14T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/gmd-15-8411-2022", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:24:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-11-21", "title": "Global biomass burning fuel consumption and emissions at 500\u2009m spatial resolution based on the Global Fire Emissions Database (GFED)", "description": "

Abstract. In fire emission models, the spatial resolution of both the modelling framework and the satellite data used to quantify burned area can have considerable impact on emission estimates. Consideration of this sensitivity is especially important in areas with heterogeneous land cover and fire regimes and when constraining model output with field measurements. We developed a global fire emissions model with a spatial resolution of 500\u2009m using MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data. To accommodate this spatial resolution, our model is based on a simplified version of the Global Fire Emissions Database (GFED) modelling framework. Tree mortality as a result of fire, i.e.\u00a0fire-related forest loss, was modelled based on the overlap between 30\u2009m forest loss data and MODIS burned area and active fire detections. Using this new 500\u2009m model, we calculated global average carbon emissions from fire of 2.1\u00b10.2 (\u00b11\u03c3 interannual variability, IAV)\u2009Pg\u2009C\u2009yr\u22121 during 2002\u20132020. Fire-related forest loss accounted for 2.6\u00b10.7\u2009% (uncertainty range =1.9\u2009%\u20133.3\u2009%) of global burned area and 24\u00b16\u2009% (uncertainty range =16\u2009%\u201331\u2009%) of emissions, indicating that fuel consumption in forest fires is an order of magnitude higher than the global average. Emissions from the combustion of soil organic carbon (SOC) in the boreal region and tropical peatlands accounted for 13\u00b14\u2009% of global emissions. Our global fire emissions estimate was higher than the 1.5\u2009Pg\u2009C\u2009yr\u22121 from GFED4 and similar to 2.1\u2009Pg\u2009C\u2009yr\u22121 from GFED4s. Even though GFED4s included more burned area by accounting for small fires undetected by the MODIS burned area mapping algorithm, our emissions were similar to GFED4s due to higher average fuel consumption. The global difference in fuel consumption could mainly be explained by higher SOC emissions from the boreal region as constrained by additional measurements. The higher resolution of the 500\u2009m model also contributed to the difference by improving the simulation of landscape heterogeneity and reducing the scale mismatch in comparing field measurements to model grid cell averages during model calibration. Furthermore, the fire-related forest loss algorithm introduced in our model led to more accurate and widespread estimation of high-fuel-consumption burned area. Recent advances in burned area detection at resolutions of 30\u2009m and finer show a substantial amount of burned area that remains undetected with 500\u2009m sensors, suggesting that global carbon emissions from fire are likely higher than our 500\u2009m estimates. The ability to model fire emissions at 500\u2009m resolution provides a framework for further improvements with the development of new satellite-based estimates of fuels, burned area, and fire behaviour, for use in the next generation of GFED.

", "keywords": ["QE1-996.5", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "Geology", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-8411-2022"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoscientific%20Model%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/gmd-15-8411-2022", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/gmd-15-8411-2022", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/gmd-15-8411-2022"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-05-30T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/gmd-17-8023-2024", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:24:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-11-11", "title": "Simulating Ips typographus L. outbreak dynamics and their influence on carbon balance estimates with ORCHIDEE r8627", "description": "

Abstract. New (a)biotic conditions resulting from climate change are expected to change disturbance dynamics, such as windthrow, forest fires, droughts, and insect outbreaks, and their interactions. These unprecedented natural disturbance dynamics might alter the capability of forest ecosystems to buffer atmospheric CO2 increases, potentially leading forests to transform from sinks into sources of CO2. This study aims to enhance the ORCHIDEE land surface model to study the impacts of climate change on the dynamics of the bark beetle, Ips typographus, and subsequent effects on forest functioning. The Ips typographus outbreak model is inspired by previous work from Temperli et al.\u00a0(2013) for the LandClim landscape model. The new implementation of this model in ORCHIDEE r8627 accounts for key differences between ORCHIDEE and LandClim: (1)\u00a0the coarser spatial resolution of ORCHIDEE; (2)\u00a0the higher temporal resolution of ORCHIDEE; and (3)\u00a0the pre-existing process representation of windthrow, drought, and forest structure in ORCHIDEE. Simulation experiments demonstrated the capability of ORCHIDEE to simulate a variety of post-disturbance forest dynamics observed in empirical studies. Through an array of simulation experiments across various climatic conditions and windthrow intensities, the model was tested for its sensitivity to climate, initial disturbance, and selected parameter values. The results of these tests indicated that with a single set of parameters, ORCHIDEE outputs spanned the range of observed dynamics. Additional tests highlighted the substantial impact of incorporating Ips typographus outbreaks on carbon dynamics. Notably, the study revealed that modeling abrupt mortality events as opposed to a continuous mortality framework provides new insights into the short-term carbon sequestration potential of forests under disturbance regimes by showing that the continuous mortality framework tends to overestimate the carbon sink capacity of forests in the 20- to 50-year range in ecosystems under high disturbance pressure compared to scenarios with abrupt mortality events. This model enhancement underscores the critical need to include disturbance dynamics in land surface models to refine predictions of forest carbon dynamics in a changing climate.

", "keywords": ["[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "QE1-996.5", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "Geology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-8023-2024"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoscientific%20Model%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/gmd-17-8023-2024", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/gmd-17-8023-2024", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/gmd-17-8023-2024"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-11-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.11400540", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:25:02Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "State of Wildfires 2023-24: Regional Summaries of Burned Area, Fire Emissions, and Individual Fire Characteristics for National, Administrative and Biogeographical Regions", "description": "This dataset supports the State of Wildfires 2023-24 report under review at Earth System Science Data Discussions (Jones et al., under review, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-218). The dataset provides annual data and final-year anomalies in burned area (BA), fire carbon (C) emissions, and fire properties (e.g. distributional statistics for fire count, size, rate of growth). Annual data relate to the global fire season defined as March-February (e.g., March 2023-February 2024), aligning with an annuall lull in the global fire calendar (see Jones et al., 2024). The complete methodology is described by Jones et al. (2024). Citation Work utilising our regional summaries should\u00a0cite both Jones et al. (2024, under review, ESSD) AND the primary reference for the variable(s) of interest as follows: Giglio et al. (2018) for MODIS MCD64A1 BA. van der Werf et al. (2017) for GFED4.1s fire C emissions. Kaiser er al. (2012) for GFAS fire C emissions. van der Werf et al. (2017) AND Kaiser er al. (2012) for the average of GFED4.1s and GFAS fire C emissions. Andela et al. (2019) for the Global Fire Atlas. Input Data Burned Area (BA) BA data from NASA\u2019s MODIS BA product (MCD64A1) are extended from Giglio et al. (2018) and are available at Giglio et al. (2021, https://lpdaac.usgs.gov/products/mcd64a1v061/).\u00a0 Period: 2001-February 2024 Resolution: 500m Fire Carbon (C) Emissions GFED4.1s fire C emissions data are extended from van der Werf and are available at\u00a0https://globalfiredata.org/. Period: 2003-February 2024 Resolution: 0.25 degree, daily GFAS fire C emissions data are extended from Kaiser et al. (2012) and are available at https://confluence.ecmwf.int/display/CKB/CAMS+global+biomass+burning+emissions+based+on+fire+radiative+power+%28GFAS%29%3A+data+documentation. Period: 2003-February 2024 Resolution: 0.1 degree, daily Global Fire Atlas (Individual Fire Atlas and Properties) Global Fire Atlas are extended from Andela et al. (2019) and are available at Andela and Jones (2024, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11400062, last access: 31 May 2024).\u00a0 Period: 2002-February 2024 Driven by 500m MODIS BA data (collection 6.1) Regional Analysis We performed 'cookie-cutting' (spatial and temporal masking) of the above input data sets to features in each of the following regional layers (e.g. per country in the 'Countries' layer).\u00a0 The statistics derived from cookie-cutting are listed below. Full details in Jones et al. (2024). Layer Short Form\u00a0 Source Biomes NA Olson et al. (2001) Continents NA ArcGIS Hub (2024) Continental Biomes NA See above Countries NA EU Eurostat (2020) UC Davis Global Administrative Areas (GADM) Level 1 GADM-L1 UC Davis (2022) Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Sixth Assessment Report (AR6) Working Group I (WGI) Reference Regions\u00a0 IPCC AR6 WGI Regions IPCC (2021); SantanderMetGroup (2021) Global C Project Regional C Cycle Assessment and Processes (RECCAP2) Reference Regions RECCAP2 Regions Ciais et al. (2022) Global Fire Emissions Database (GFED) Basis Regions GFED4.1s Regions van der Werf et al. (2006) \u00a0 Regional Statistics and Anomalies Burned Area (BA) Calculated regional totals for each fire season. Relative and standardized anomalies from historical data (since 2001). Ranking amongst all recorded fire seasons. Onset, peak, and cessation based on monthly deviations from climatological means. Carbon Emissions Calculated regional totals for each fire season. Relative and standardized anomalies from historical data (since 2003). Ranking amongst all recorded fire seasons. Onset, peak, and cessation based on monthly deviations from climatological means. Statistics available for GFAS, GFED, and their mean. Individual Fire Properties Based on ignition point vectors from the Global Fire Atlas. Calculated regional count. Calculated regional maxima and 95th percentiles for each fire season. Relative and standardized anomalies from historical data (since 2002). Ranked anomalies among all recorded fire seasons.", "keywords": ["Life Science"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Jones, Matthew William, Brambleby, Esther, Andela, Niels, van der Werf, Guido, Parrington, Mark, Giglio, Louis,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11400540"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.11400540", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.11400540", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.11400540"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.12515622", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:25:04Z", "type": "Report", "title": "NATI00NS Krajowe wydarzenie anga\u017cuj\u0105ce dotycz\u0105ce misji glebowej UE \u2013 Polska 2024", "description": "Unia Europejska uruchomi\u0142a misj\u0119 \u201eSoil Deal for Europe\u201d, kt\u00f3rej celem jest zapewnienie utworzenia 100 \u017cywych laboratori\u00f3w (LL- Living Labs) i latarni morskich (LH \u2013 Lighthouses) w Europie, prowadz\u0105cych do regeneracji i ochrony zdrowia gleby do 2030 roku.\u00a0Projekt NATI00NS, finansowany z programu Horyzont Europa, organizuje krajowe wydarzenia w ca\u0142ej Europie w celu promowania misji UE \u201eA Soil Deal for Europe\u201d poprzez zapewnienie dost\u0119pu do odpowiednich narz\u0119dzi i informacji oraz stymulowanie dyskusji na temat konfiguracji \u017bywych Laboratori\u00f3w w celu zaadresowania r\u00f3\u017cnych wyzwa\u0144 w zakresie gospodarowania glebami na poziomie lokalnym. Ostatecznym celem jest wsparcie jednostek krajowych w procesie sk\u0142adania wniosk\u00f3w\u00a0w konkursach Misji Gleba Horyzontu Europa, w tym w konkursach dotycz\u0105cych \u201e\u017bywych laboratori\u00f3w\u201d.Instytut Uprawy Nawo\u017cenia i Gleboznawstwa \u2014 Pa\u0144stwowy Instytut Badawczy w Pu\u0142awach w ramach projektu NATI00NS organizuje Krajowe Wydarzenie Anga\u017cuj\u0105ce w Lublinie, kt\u00f3re odb\u0119dzie si\u0119 7 czerwca 2024 r. w godz. 11:00-14:00 w Lubelskim Centrum Konferencyjnym w Lublinie z mo\u017cliwo\u015bci\u0105 uczestnictwa r\u00f3wnie\u017c online.Wydarzenie to jest otwarte dla wszystkich zainteresowanych stron, w tym: naukowc\u00f3w, rolnik\u00f3w, le\u015bnik\u00f3w, zarz\u0105dc\u00f3w teren\u00f3w miejskich, przedstawicieli stowarzysze\u0144, w\u0142a\u015bciciele grunt\u00f3w, planist\u00f3w przestrzenni, architekt\u00f3w krajobrazu, spo\u0142eczno\u015bci lokalnych, administracji, edukator\u00f3w, sektora przemys\u0142owego i konsultingu, organizacje pozarz\u0105dowyh oraz wszystkich zainteresowanych, kt\u00f3rzy chc\u0105 dowiedzie\u0107 si\u0119 wi\u0119cej o mo\u017cliwo\u015bciach, jakie daj\u0105 Misja Gleba, koncepcja \u017bywych Laboratori\u00f3wi projekt NATI00NS.W trakcie spotkania istnieje dla uczestnik\u00f3w spotkania mo\u017cliwo\u015b\u0107 kr\u00f3tkiej autoprezentacji (2-3 min.), jako potencjalnego partnera w projekcie lub inicjatora/uczestnika LL.", "keywords": ["Soil sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Siebielec, Grzegorz, Wawer, Rafa\u0142, Kami\u0144ski, Jan, W\u00f3jcik, Ma\u0142gorzata, Podlaska, Bo\u017cena, ten Damme, Loraine, Cavallo, Dolinda, Ylla, Mar,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12515622"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.12515622", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.12515622", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.12515622"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-06-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.14274476", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:25:33Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "SEN4LDN National Demonstration Products on Trends in Carbon Stocks for Land Degradation Neutrality Monitoring", "description": "This dataset contains the National Demonstration products that were generated within the\u00a0ESA SEN4LDN project: 'High resolution Land Degradation Neutrality Monitoring'\u00a0for the sub-indicator on\u00a0Trends in Carbon Stocks over Colombia, Portugal and Uganda. The concept of carbon stocks in terms of LDN assessments according to the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) Good Practice Guidance is primarily related to the soil carbon pool and its changes. However, since soil organic carbon (SOC) stock change estimates from remote sensing data are not globally readily available (yet), SEN4LDN explored the use of above-ground biomass (AGB) changes as a proxy for carbon stock changes to provide an estimate independent of the other two sub-indicators (i.e. trends in land cover and trends in land productivity). Two approaches were combined (averaged) to quantify trends in carbon stocks (Araza et al., 2023): a stock change approach based on European Space Agency (ESA) Climate Change Initiative (CCI) biomass maps (version 5), and a gain-loss approach based on the World Resource Institute (WRI) carbon flux model. Results from our hybrid approach provide the estimate of AGB evolution between 2010 and 2018 as well as the standard deviation, indicating the absolute uncertainty of the modeling results. Maps at 100 m spatial resolution have been generated for three countries (Colombia, Portugal and Uganda) as a feasibility assessment. The dataset includes: Hybrid AGB Average 2010-2018, with file naming SEN4LDN_Hybrid-Avg_V100_2010-2018__MAP.tif Hybrid AGB Standard Deviation 2010-2018, with file naming SEN4LDN_Hybrid-Stdev_V100_2010-2018__MAP.tif Products are distributed as country-wide Geotiff files with 0.00088888\u00b0 resolution (~100m). More information on product format and content can be found in the Product User Guide, available on the\u00a0SEN4LDN Deliverables web page. The SEN4LDN project aimed to develop, demonstrate and validate a robust and scientifically-sound EO methodology that exploits the high frequency and spatial resolution of open and free-of-charge satellite imagery to increase the spatial details of national assessments of land degradation and restoration, and provide synoptic information for countries to plan LDN interventions at appropriate scales. More information on\u00a0http://esa-sen4ldn.org/\u00a0. Click here to view the maps in an interactive Google Earth Engine application.", "keywords": ["Life Science"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Araza, Arnan, Berger, Katja, Herold, Martin, Tot\u00e9, Carolien, Van De Kerchove, Ruben,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14274476"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.14274476", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.14274476", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.14274476"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.14875898", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:25:43Z", "type": "Other", "title": "Les mod\u00e8les de COS doivent \u00eatre valid\u00e9s par des s\u00e9ries temporelles ind\u00e9pendantes pour permettre une pr\u00e9diction fiable", "description": "Les efforts visant \u00e0 maintenir les jeux de donn\u00e9es sont imp\u00e9ratifs pour obtenir des projections et des pr\u00e9visions pr\u00e9cises en mati\u00e8re de COS.", "keywords": ["[SDV.SA.AGRO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomy", "[SDV.SA.SDS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Le No\u00eb, Julia, Manzoni, Stefano, Abramoff, Rose, B\u00f6lscher, Tobias, Bruni, Elisa, Cardinael, R\u00e9mi, Ciais, Philippe, Chenu, Claire, Clivot, Hugues, Derrien, Delphine, Ferchaud, Fabien, Garnier, Patricia, Goll, Daniel, Lashermes, Gwena\u00eblle, Martin, Manuel, Rasse, Daniel, Rees, Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric, Sainte-Marie, Julien, Salmon, \u00c9lodie, Schiedung, Marcus, Schimel, Josh, Wieder, William, Abiven, Samuel, Barr\u00e9, Pierre, C\u00e9cillon, Lauric, Guenet, Bertrand, Delahaie, Amicie,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14875898"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.14875898", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.14875898", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.14875898"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.14936177", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:25:47Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Precision Liming Soil Datasets (LimeSoDa) Zenodo Repository", "description": "Overview Precision Liming Soil Datasets (LimeSoDa) is a collection of 31 datasets from a field- and farm-scale soil mapping context. These datasets are 'ready-to-use' for modeling purposes, as they include target soil properties and features in a tidy tabular format. Three target soil properties are present in every dataset: (1) soil organic matter (SOM) or soil organic carbon (SOC), (2) pH, and (3) clay content, while the features for modeling are dataset-specific. The primary goal of `LimeSoDa` is to enable more reliable benchmarking of machine learning methods in digital soil mapping and pedometrics. All the associated materials and data from LimeSoDa can be downloaded in this data repository. However, for a more in-depth analysis, we refer to the published paper 'LimeSoDa: A Dataset Collection for Benchmarking of Machine Learning Regressors in Digital Soil Mapping' by Schmidinger et al. (2025). You may also use our R\u00a0and Python package likewise called LimeSoDa. \u00a0 Citation Upon usage of datasets from LimeSoDa, please cite our associated paper: Schmidinger, J., Vogel, S., Barkov, V., Pham, A.-D., Gebbers, R., Tavakoli, H., Correa, J., Tavares, T.R., Filippi, P., Jones, E. J., Lukas, V., Boenecke, E., Ruehlmann, J., Schroeter, I., Kramer, E., Paetzold, S., Kodaira, M., Wadoux, A.M.J.-C., Bragazza, L., Metzger, K., Huang, J., Valente, D.S.M., Safanelli, J.L., Bottega, E.L., Dalmolin, R.S.D., Farkas, C., Steiger, A., Horst, T. Z., Ramirez-Lopez, L., Scholten, T., Stumpf, F., Rosso, P., Costa, M.M., Zandonadi, R.S., Wetterlind, J. & Atzmueller, M. (2025). LimeSoDa: A Dataset Collection for Benchmarking of Machine Learning Regressors in Digital Soil Mapping.", "keywords": ["Environmental sciences", "Soil Organic Carbon", "Pedometrics", "pH", "Soil Organic Matter", "Clay", "Remote sensing", "Digital Soil Mapping"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14936177"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.14936177", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.14936177", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.14936177"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.15680931", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:26:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-06-15", "title": "Investigating the extent of PFAS contamination in the Upper Danube Basin across environmental compartments", "description": "Abstract Background

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are emerging organic pollutants widely detected in environmental systems, posing risks to human health and the ecosystem. Despite increasing efforts to monitor PFAS in river systems, knowledge gaps remain regarding sources and emissions via different pathways. This study investigates PFAS contamination across multiple environmental compartments in the Upper Danube Basin, including surface water, groundwater, wastewater, landfill leachate, surface runoff, and atmospheric deposition. The primary objectives are to assess the extent of PFAS contamination, identify key emission sources and transport pathways, and evaluate associated risks in terms of the potential exceedance of current and proposed environmental regulatory thresholds in the European Union.

Results

The findings reveal a widespread presence of PFAS, with PFOA, PFOS and short-chain compounds being predominant. The Alz River and Gendorf chemical park emerge as hotspots with far-reaching effects downstream, contributing significantly to diffuse legacy contamination of PFOA and being a significant source of two industrial PFOA substitutes, ADONA and GenX. Wastewater treatment plants, old municipal landfills, and sites with a history of fire-fighting foam application are identified as key pathways or sources of legacy pollution, exhibiting higher concentrations compared to the other matrices. Notably, no significant removal is observed when comparing influent and effluent samples from conventional WWTPs. The study further demonstrates that groundwater is vulnerable to contamination from point sources and to infiltration from rivers, with bank filtration proving largely ineffective in preventing PFAS contamination.

Conclusions

The study underscores the necessity for source and pathway control measures to mitigate PFAS pollution, the implementation of advanced treatment technologies to safeguard drinking water and surface water quality, and targeted remediation for legacy soil and groundwater contamination. Additionally, strong use regulations should be explored to minimize ongoing emissions. The multi-compartment monitoring proves to be a crucial approach to understand the complexity of PFAS distribution at the catchment scale. Comparative analysis and risk assessment highlight challenging situations for water management, offering an indispensable basis for emission modeling as a next step for quantitative assessment of the relevance of different sources and pathways for surface water pollution.

", "keywords": ["Emerging contaminants", "Emerging Pollutants", "PFAS", "Source identification", "Watershed management", "Environmental sciences", "Emission", "Water Framework Directive", "Environmental law", "Water pollution", "GE1-350", "K3581-3598", "Catchment monitoring", "Environmental Monitoring"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12302-025-01141-6.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15680931"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Sciences%20Europe", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.15680931", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.15680931", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.15680931"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-06-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.16017208", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:26:14Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Cashew orchard soil properties, Dodamarg, Northern Western Ghats, India", "description": "Soil properties of cashew orchards of the Northern Western Ghats, India This project contains chemical properties of soil collected from cashew orchards of Dodamarg, Northern Western Ghats, for a study investigating the factors influencing the effects of forest cover, flower abundance, temperature and (potentially) soil composition on cashew pollinators. Taxonomic Coverage:\u00a0Not applicable Geographic Coverage: Dodamarg, Sindhudurg District, Maharashtra, India Temporal Coverage: March 2025 \u00a0 Description of field and lab methods Soil collection: Soil samples were collected from 30 cashew orchards, using soil core sampler. The diameter of the core sampler was measured before soil collection. All soil samples were collected from 10 cm depth after removing all the leaf litter from the ground. From each orchard, 10 soil columns were collected for analysis of chemical properties. Chemical Properties: We estimated thirteen soil chemical properties for all soil samples collected. The following parameters were analyzed by Zuari Farmhubs Laboratory: pH, electrical conductivity (E.C.) at 25\u00b0C, organic carbon (O.C.), available phosphorus (P\u2082O\u2085), available potassium (K\u2082O), available calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), sulfur (S), boron (B), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), and manganese (Mn). More details about the data can be obtained from Aditya Satish (adityasatish@ncf-india.org) and Rohit Naniwadekar (rohit@ncf-india.org) from the Nature Conservation Foundation (www.ncf-india.org). File Descriptions: Data file: Dodamarg_2025_Cashew_Soil_Properties.csv We have also included a ReadMe.txt file that explains the data file, akin to the description in the metadata. Description of the columns of the data file: Sl no: Serial number Site: Site ID Code: Site code (General location) Latitude: latitude co-ordinate of the plot (in decimal degrees, \u00b0N) Longitude: longitude co-ordinate of the plot (in decimal degrees, \u00b0E) pH: pH of the soil E.C.: Electrical Conductivity at 25\u00b0C (in dS/m) O.C.: Organic Carbon (in %) P\u2082O\u2085: Available P\u2082O\u2085 (in Kg /acre) K\u2082O: Available Potassium (in Kg /acre) Ca: Available Calcium (in mg/Kg) Mg: Available Magnesium (in mg/Kg) S: Available Sulphur (in mg/Kg) B: Available Boron (in mg/Kg) Zn: Available Zinc (in mg/Kg) Fe: Available Iron (in mg/Kg) Cu: Available Copper (in mg/Kg) Mn: Available Manganese (in mg/Kg) Funding:\u00a0 Godrej Consumer Products Limited Arvind Datar Rohini Nilekani Philanthropies", "keywords": ["Soil chemical properties", "Cashew orchards", "Ecology", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Northern Western Ghats"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Sadekar, Vishal, Satish, Aditya, Naniwadekar, Rohit,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16017208"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.16017208", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.16017208", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.16017208"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-07-17T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.5574882", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:26:37Z", "type": "Report", "created": "2020-03-09", "title": "Hyperspectral imaging for high resolution mapping of soil profile organic carbon distribution in an Austrian Alpine landscape", "description": "

&lt;p&gt;Studies on soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks mostly focus on topsoils (&lt; 30 cm). However, 30 to 63% of the SOC are stored in the subsoils (30 to 100 cm), and the factors controlling SOC storage in subsoils may be substantially different than in topsoils. The low mean SOC content in subsoils makes its quantification and characterization challenging. Thus, new approaches are required to depict the SOC stocks distribution in full soil profile. Hyperspectral imaging of soil core samples can provide high spatial resolution of the vertical distribution of SOC in a soil profile. The main objective of the ongoing study, within the Horizon 2020 European Project Circular Agronomics, is to apply laboratory hyperspectral imaging with a variety of machine learning approaches for the mapping of OC distribution in undisturbed soil cores. Soil cores were collected down to a depth of one meter in grasslands of 15 organic farms located in the Lungau Valley, in Austria. Some samples were divided into five depths in the field for classical bulk soil measurements (total carbon and nitrogen, texture, pH, EC and bulk density) on disturbed samples. Undisturbed soil cores were sliced vertically for laboratory hyperspectral imaging in the range of Vis-NIR (400-1000 nm). We were able to reveal the hotspots of OC and map the OC distribution in soil profile by applying a variety of machine learning approaches (i.e. partial least square and random forest regression) as a function of spectral responses. A digital elevation model was further exploited to investigate the effects of topographical factors such as elevation, aspect and slope on SOC profile distribution. Landsat 8 data were also used to depict the spatial variability of land insensitive cover/vegetation in study area.&lt;/p&gt;

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Vis-NIR imaging spectroscopy", " Alpine grassland", " Digital elevation model", " Subsoils"], "contacts": [{"organization": "YASER OSTOVARI, K\u00f6ppend\u00f6rfer, Baptist, Guigue, Julien, Van Groenigen, Jan Willem, Creamer, Rachel, Guggenberger, Thomas, Grassauer, Florian, Hobley, Eleanor, Ferron, Laura, Martens, Henk, K\u00f6gel-Knabner, Ingrid, Vidal, Alix,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5574882"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.5574882", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.5574882", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.5574882"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-03-23T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.8089699", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:27:00Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-11-28", "title": "High-resolution and three-dimensional mapping of soil texture of China", "description": "The lack of detailed three-dimensional soil texture information largely restricts many applications in agriculture, hydrology, climate, ecology and environment. This study predicted 90 m resolution spatial variations of sand, silt and clay contents at a national extent across China and at multiple depths 0\u20135, 5\u201315, 15\u201330, 30\u201360, 60\u2013100 and 100\u2013200 cm. We used 4579 soil profiles collected from a national soil series inventory conducted recently and currently available environmental covariates. The covariates characterized environmental factors including climate, parent materials, terrain, vegetation and soil conditions. We constructed random forest models and employed a parallel computing strategy for the predictions of soil texture fractions based on its relationship with the environmental factors. Quantile regression forest was used to estimate the uncertainty of the predictions. Results showed that the predicted maps were much more accurate and detailed than the conventional linkage maps and the SoilGrids250m product, and could well represent spatial variation of soil texture across China. The relative accuracy improvement was around 245\u2013370% relative to the linkage maps and 83\u2013112% relative to the SoilGrids250m product with regard to the R2, and it was around 24\u201326% and 14\u201319% respectively with regard to the RMSE. The wide range between 5% lower and 95% upper prediction limits may suggest that there was a substantial room to improve current predictions. Besides, we found that climate and terrain factors are major controllers for spatial patterns of soil texture in China. The heat and water-driven physical and chemical weathering and wind-driven erosion processes primarily shape the pattern of clay content. The terrain, wind and water-driven deposition, erosion and transportation sorting processes of soil particles primarily shape the pattern of silt. The findings provide clues for modeling future soil evolution and for national soil security management under the background of global and regional environmental changes.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Digital soil mapping", "13. Climate action", "Large extent", "Machine learning", "Environmental factors", "Uncertainty", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8089699"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.8089699", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.8089699", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.8089699"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.7910/DVN/MIYBQE", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:28:00Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Ecogeographic land characterization map of the SADC region", "description": "With the aim of planning for the in situ and ex situ conservation of priority crop wild relatives (CWR) of the Southern African Development Community (SADC), a gap analysis at intra-specific level (i.e. ecogeographic diversity level used as a proxy of genetic diversity), was carried out. For this purpose, a generalist Ecogeographic Land Characterization (ELC) map for the SADC region was created using the ELC mapas tool of CAPFITOGEN (http://www.capfitogen.net/, Parra-Quijano et al., 2008, 2016) based on 16 ecogeographic variables from three different components (four geophysic variables, seven edaphic, and five bioclimatic; see the list below) at a resolution of 2.5 arc minutes (approximately 4.5 km at the equator). The Calinski-Harabasz (1974) criterion was applied to obtain an objective number of clusters for each bioclimatic, edaphic and geophysic multivariate analysis. The ELC map was then clipped to the SADC countries using ArcGIS 10.4.1 (ESRI, 2016). A total of 16 ecogeographic categories were identified in the SADC region with distinct ecogeographic characteristiscs (see file 'ELC_SADC_region_statistics.xlsx'). The files made available here include: the raster file of the ELC map of the SADC region (which is composed of 16 different files) and an Excel file which describes the statistics (i.e. average, median, maximum, minimum and standard deviation) of each ecogeographic category present in the map ('ELC_SADC_region_statistics.xlsx').<br> <br><b>Variables:</b> Geophysic: altitude (m) (WorldClim 1.4, http://worldclim.org), slope (\u00b0), latitude (decimal degrees), longitude (decimal degrees). Edaphic: topsoil organic carbon (% weight), topsoil pH (H2O) [-log(H+)], topsoil silt fraction (% weight), topsoil sand fraction (% weight), topsoil gravel content (% vol.), topsoil clay fraction (% weight), topsoil TEB (total exchangeable bases) (cmol/kg) (HWS Database, http://www.iiasa.ac.at/Research/LUC/External-World-soil-database/). Bioclimatic: annual precipitation (bio_12) (mm), precipitation seasonality (coefficient of variation) (bio_15) (mm), isothermality (bio_2/bio_7) (*100) (bio_3), max temperature of warmest month (bio_5) (\u00b0C), min temperature of coldest month (bio_6) (\u00b0C) (WorldClim 1.4, http://worldclim.org).<br> <br><b>References:</b> Calinski T and Harabasz J (1974) A dendrite method for cluster analysis. Communications in Statistics, 3(1): 1\u201227. ESRI (2016) ArcGIS Desktop release Version 10.4.1. Environmental Systems Research Institute. Redlands. CA. Parra-Quijano M, Draper D and Torres E (2008) Ecogeographical representativeness in crop wild relative ex situ collections. In: Maxted N, Ford\u2010Lloyd BV, Kell SP, Iriondo JM, Dulloo E and Turok J (eds), Crop wild relative conservation and use, pp. 249\u201373. Wallingford: CAB International. Parra-Quijano M, Torres E, Iriondo JM, L\u00f3pez F and Molina A (2016) CAPFITOGEN tools user manual, version 2.0. Rome, Italy: International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, FAO. Available at: http://www.capfitogen.net/en/access/manuals/ [Accessed July 2021].", "keywords": ["Agricultural Sciences", "PLANNING", "PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES", "AGROBIODIVERSITY", "GENETIC DIVERSITY AS RESOURCE"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Magos Brehm, Joana", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/MIYBQE"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.7910/DVN/MIYBQE", "name": "item", "description": "10.7910/DVN/MIYBQE", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.7910/DVN/MIYBQE"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.7910/DVN/GVNJAB", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:27:59Z", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2019-06-24", "title": "Physical topsoil properties in Murugusi, Western Kenya", "description": "Open Access<b>General:</b> Lab determined topsoil bulk density, contents of sand, clay and organic carbon in Murugusi, W. Kenya, together with spatial coordinates of where the soil samples were taken (rounded to the closest center point of a 250 m \u00d7 250 m raster). All lab analyses were carried out at the ILRI/CIAT lab in Nairob, Kenya. <br> <b>Soil sampling:</b> At each sample location, one composite topsoil sample was taken; three cores of 7 cm in diameter taken within an area of one square meter. The soil was taken from 0-0.2 m depth below any organic (O) horizon. <br> <b>Determination of soil properties:</b> The bulk density of the soil was determined by taking two undisturbed soil samples (0-10 cm and 10-20 cm depth) of known volume (100 cm2) and weighting them after air drying. Soil fractions of clay (<0.002 mm) and sand (0.05-2 mm) were determined by the hydrometer method (Estefan et al., 2014), using 10% sodium hexametaphosphate as the dispersing agent. Soil pH was determined potentiometrically on a soil suspension of 1:2 (soil: water). Total carbon was measured after dry combustion using an elemental analyser (Elementar Vario max cube; ISO 10694, first edition 1995-03-01) <br> <b>Reference: </b>Estefan G., Sommer R., Ryan J. (2014) Analytical Methods for Soil-Plant and Water in Dry Areas. A Manual of Relevance to the West Asia and North Africa Region. 3rd Edition, International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas, Aleppo, 255 pp. Available online at: http://repo.mel.cgiar.org:8080/handle/20.500.11766/7512?show=full. Verified: October 9, 2018. <br> <b>Acknowledgements: </b> We are deeply thankful for the good services provided by John Mukulama (soil sampling), John Yumbya Mutua (soil sampling) and Francis Mungthu Njenga (lab analyses) The project was carried out within the CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE).", "keywords": ["Soil organic matter", "Agricultural Sciences", "Soil organic carbon", "sand", "Kenya", "Carbon", "Latin America and the Caribbean", "soil", "Soil", "Soil bulk density", "Sand", "soil organic matter", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "Soil texture", "Murugusi", "Africa", "Clay", "Texture", "Western Kenya", "Agroecosystems and Sustainable Landscapes - ASL"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Piikki, Kristin, S\u00f6derstr\u00f6m, Mats, Sommer, Rolf, Da Silva, Mayesse,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/GVNJAB"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.7910/DVN/GVNJAB", "name": "item", "description": "10.7910/DVN/GVNJAB", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.7910/DVN/GVNJAB"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.7910/DVN/HXAH87", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:28:00Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Arbuscular and ectomycorrhizal fungi diversity in the Indian subcontinent", "description": "Mycorrhizal fungi (MF) are below-ground organisms playing a key role in terrestrial ecosystems as they regulate nutrient and carbon cycles, and influence soil structure and ecosystem multifunctionality. Arbuscular and ectomycorrhizal fungi are the two mycorrhizal types most relevant to worldwide ecosystems, but areas like the Indian sub-continent remain under-represented in global maps. The dataset presented here reports the available information regarding arbuscular and ectomycorrhizal fungi diversity in cultivated and natural ecosystems of the Indian subcontinent. We have selected studies published in English in ISI Web of Science during the years 2005 - 2020 that provided a taxonomic classification of MF and their associated abundance in terms of percentage of root colonization or number of spores per quantity of soil. From the screening of 74 studies, we have recorded: i. the scientific or common name of the plant or the generic habitat sampled for MF identification; ii the MF genus and species; iii. the location of the study with associated altitude and geographic coordinates; iv. main soil physico-chemical properties (soil pH, texture, organic Carbon, Total Nitrogen, available Phosphorus); climatic variables such as mean annual precipitation and temperature.<br><br>", "keywords": ["ecosystem management", "Asia", "Agricultural Sciences", "CGIAR Research Program on Water", " Land and Ecosystems", "Multifunctional Landscapes", "gesti\u00f3n de ecosistemas", "soil biology", "MYCORRHIZAE", "CGIAR Research Program", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "SOIL BIOLOGY", "BIODIVERSITY", "mycorrhizae", "biolog\u00eda del suelo"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Beggi, Francesca, Dasgupta, Debarshi,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/HXAH87"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.7910/DVN/HXAH87", "name": "item", "description": "10.7910/DVN/HXAH87", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.7910/DVN/HXAH87"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.7910/DVN/T8CMAT", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:28:00Z", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2016-02-28", "title": "GMCSD-2. Global Mangrove Carbon, 2000 to 2012, 1 Arc-second, 1 m soil.", "description": "Open AccessGlobal Mangrove Carbon, 2000 to 2012, 1 Arc-Second, 1 m Soil, mid, EQ5.

Annual stocks.

Each of these 13 years is 3TB when extracted. So that is 39 TB as a tif.

We needed to use file geodatabase format to compress enough to post on the Dataverse. Hence no TIffs.", "keywords": ["Earth and Environmental Sciences", "Raster", "ArcGIS file Geodatabase rasters", "Global Mangrove Carbon"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Hamilton, Stuart", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/T8CMAT"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.7910/DVN/T8CMAT", "name": "item", "description": "10.7910/DVN/T8CMAT", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.7910/DVN/T8CMAT"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.7910/DVN/W9LSAD", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:28:01Z", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2015-01-01", "title": "Replication data: Zn efficient rice genotypes alter soil Zn availability, composition and Zn uptake in Zn-deficient and Zn-sufficient field soils under continuous flooding", "description": "Open Accessapplication/vnd.ms-excel, null", "keywords": ["biofortification", "Agricultural Sciences", "zinc deficiency", "Oryza sativa"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Goloran, Johnvie", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/W9LSAD"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.7910/DVN/W9LSAD", "name": "item", "description": "10.7910/DVN/W9LSAD", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.7910/DVN/W9LSAD"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-01-24T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "11572/255256", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:28:44Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-09-23", "title": "Elastica catastrophe machine: theory, design and experiments", "description": "Open Access31 pages, 18 figures", "keywords": ["Nonlinear mechanics; Snap mechanisms; Structural instability", "0203 mechanical engineering", "FOS: Physical sciences", "02 engineering and technology", "Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)", "Nonlinear Sciences - Chaotic Dynamics", "0210 nano-technology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://iris.unitn.it/bitstream/11572/255256/1/1-s2.0-S002250961930523X-main.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/11572/255256"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20the%20Mechanics%20and%20Physics%20of%20Solids", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "11572/255256", "name": "item", "description": "11572/255256", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/11572/255256"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "11586/524923", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:28:48Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-12-03", "title": "Addressing the environmental sustainability of plastics used in agriculture: a multi-actor perspective", "description": "Abstract

Plastics used in agriculture, commonly known as agriplastics (AP), offer numerous advantages in terrestrial agriculture, forestry, fisheries and aquaculture, but the diffusion of AP-intensive practices has led to extensive pollution. This review aims to synthesise scientific and policy discussions surrounding AP, examining evidence of their benefits and detrimental environmental and agricultural impacts. Following the proposal of a preliminary general taxonomy of AP, this paper presents the findings from a survey conducted among international experts from the plastic industry, farmer organisations, NGOs and environmental research institutes. This analysis highlights knowledge gaps, demands and perspectives for the sustainable future use of AP. Stakeholder positions vary on the options of \uffe2\uff80\uff98rejection\uffe2\uff80\uff99 or \uffe2\uff80\uff98reduction\uffe2\uff80\uff99 of AP, as well as the role of alternative materials such as (bio)degradable and compostable plastics. However, there is consensus on critical issues such as redesign, labelling, traceability, environmental safety standards, deployment and retrieval standards, as well as innovative waste management approaches. All stakeholders express concern for the environment. A \uffe2\uff80\uff98best practice\uffe2\uff80\uff99-based circular model was elaborated capturing these perspectives. In the context of global food systems increasingly reliant on AP, scientists emphasise the need to simultaneously preserve nature-based and traditional knowledge-based sustainable agricultural practices to enhance food system resilience.

Abstract. Boreal fire regimes are intensifying because of climate change and the northern parts of boreal forests are underlain by permafrost. Boreal fires combust vegetation and organic soils, which insulate permafrost, and as such deepen the seasonally thawed active layer and can lead to further carbon emissions to the atmosphere. Current understanding of the environmental drivers of post-fire thaw depth is limited but of critical importance. In addition, mapping thaw depth over fire scars may enable a better understanding of the spatial variability in post-fire responses of permafrost soils. We assessed the environmental drivers of post-fire thaw depth using field data from a fire scar in a larch-dominated forest in the continuous permafrost zone in Eastern Siberia. Particularly, summer thaw depth was deeper in burned (mean = 127.3 cm, standard deviation (sd) = 27.7 cm) than in unburned (98.1 cm, sd = 26.9 cm) landscapes one year after the fire, yet the effect of fire was modulated by landscape and vegetation characteristics. We found deeper thaw in well-drained landscape positions, in open larch forest often intermixed with Scots pine, and in high severity burns. The environmental drivers, site moisture, forest type and density, and fire severity explained 73.4 % of the measured thaw depth variability at the study sites. In addition, we evaluated the relationships between field-measured thaw depth and several remote sensing proxies. Albedo, the differenced Normalized Burn Ratio (dNBR), land surface temperature (LST), and pre-fire Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) derived from Landsat 8 imagery together explained 66.3 % of the variability in field-measured thaw depth. Based on these remote sensing proxies and multiple linear regression analysis, we estimated thaw depth over the entire fire scar, and found that LST displayed particularly strong correlations with post-fire thaw depth (r = 0.65, p < 0.01). Our study reveals some of the governing processes of post-fire thaw depth development and shows the capability of Landsat imagery to estimate thaw depth at a landscape scale.

", "keywords": ["Dynamic and structural geology", "QE1-996.5", "13. Climate action", "Science", "Q", "Geology", "QE500-639.5", "Deforestation", "15. Life on land", "Landsat", "Multiple linear regression", "Atmospheric temperature"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://esd.copernicus.org/articles/15/1459/2024/esd-15-1459-2024.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/1871.1/0b041c5c-edd1-45f1-895d-546207d34a0a"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Earth%20System%20Dynamics", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "1871.1/0b041c5c-edd1-45f1-895d-546207d34a0a", "name": "item", "description": "1871.1/0b041c5c-edd1-45f1-895d-546207d34a0a", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/1871.1/0b041c5c-edd1-45f1-895d-546207d34a0a"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-03-21T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "1959.7/uws:72836", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:29:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-04-24", "title": "Different Cerrado Ecotypes Show Contrasting Soil Microbial Properties, Functioning Rates, and Sensitivity to Changing Water Regimes", "description": "Abstract

Soil moisture is among the most important factors regulating soil biodiversity and functioning. Models forecast changes in the precipitation regime in many areas of the planet, but how these changes will influence soil functioning, and how biotic drivers modulate such effects, is far from being understood. We evaluated the responses of C and N fluxes, and soil microbial properties to different soil water regimes in soils from the main three ecotypes of the world's largest and most diverse tropical savanna. Further, we explored the direct and indirect effects of changes in the ecotype and soil water regimes on these key soil processes. Soils from the woodland savanna showed a better nutritional status than the other ecotypes, as well as higher potential N cycling rates, N2O emissions, and soil bacterial abundance but lower bacterial richness, whereas potential CO2 emissions and CH4 uptake peaked in the intermediate savanna. The ecotype also modulated the effects of changes in the soil water regime on nutrient cycling, greenhouse gas fluxes, and soil bacterial properties, with more intense responses in the intermediate savanna. Further, we highlight the existence of multiple contrasting direct and indirect (via soil microbes and abiotic properties) effects of an intensification of the precipitation regime on soil C- and N-related processes. Our results confirm that ecotype is a fundamental driver of soil properties and functioning in the Cerrado and that it can determine the responses of key soil processes to changes in the soil water regime.Theory suggests that the diversity of molecules in soil organic matter (SOM functional diversity) provides key insights on multiple ecosystem services. We aimed to investigate how and why SOM functional diversity and composition change as topsoils develop, and its implications for key soil functions (e.g., from nutrient pool to water regulation).

Location

We reported data on 16 soil chronosequences globally distributed in nine countries from six continents.

Time Period

2016\uffe2\uff80\uff932017.

Major Taxa Studied

Soil microbes (bacteria and fungi) and vascular plants.

Methods

SOM functional diversity and composition without mineral interference were measured using diffuse reflectance mid\uffe2\uff80\uff90infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFT). We aimed to characterize the main environmental factors related to SOM functional diversity and composition. Also, we calculated the links among SOM functional diversity and key soil functions.

Results

We found that SOM functional diversity declines after millions of years of soil formation (pedogenesis). We further showed that increases in plant cover and productivity led to a higher ratio of reduced (e.g., alkanes) over oxidized carbon forms (i.e., C: O\uffe2\uff80\uff90functional groups ratio), which was positively correlated to SOM functional diversity as soils age. Our findings indicated that the plant footprint (i.e., the accumulation of plant\uffe2\uff80\uff90derived material promoting the C: O\uffe2\uff80\uff90functional group ratio) would explain the reduction of SOM functional diversity as ecosystems develop. Moreover, the dissimilarity in SOM composition consistently increased with soil age, with the soil development stage emerging as the main predictor of SOM dissimilarity across contrasting biomes.

Main Conclusions

Our global survey contextualized the natural history of SOM functional diversity and composition during long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term soil development. Together, we showed how plant footprint drives the losses of SOM functional diversity with increasing age, which might provide a novel mechanism to explain typically reported losses in ecosystem functions during ecosystem retrogression.A broader knowledge of the contribution of carbon (C) released by plant roots (exudates) to soil is a prerequisite for optimizing the management of organic matter in arable soils. This is the first study to show the contribution of constantly applied13C\uffe2\uff80\uff90labelled maize and wheat exudates to water extractable organic carbon (WEOC), microbial biomass\uffe2\uff80\uff90C (MB\uffe2\uff80\uff90C), and CO2\uffe2\uff80\uff90C evolution during a 25\uffe2\uff80\uff90day incubation of agricultural soil material. The CO2\uffe2\uff80\uff90C evolution and respective \uffce\uffb413C values were measured daily. The WEOC and MB\uffe2\uff80\uff90C contents were determined weekly and a newly developed method for determining \uffce\uffb413C values in soil extracts was applied. Around 36% of exudate\uffe2\uff80\uff90C of both plants was recovered after the incubation, in the order WEOC < MB\uffe2\uff80\uff90C < CO2\uffe2\uff80\uff90C for maize and MB\uffe2\uff80\uff90C < WEOC < CO2\uffe2\uff80\uff90C for wheat. Around 64% of added exudate\uffe2\uff80\uff90C was not retrieved with the methods used here. Our results suggest that great amounts of exudates became stabilized in non\uffe2\uff80\uff90water extractable organic fractions. The amounts of MB\uffe2\uff80\uff90C stayed relatively constant over time despite a continuous exudate\uffe2\uff80\uff90C supply, which is the prerequisite for a growing microbial population. A lack of mineral nutrients might have limited microbial growth. The CO2\uffe2\uff80\uff90C mineralization rate declined during the incubation and this was probably caused by a shift in the microbial community structure. Consequently, incoming WEOC was left in the soil solution leading to rising WEOC amounts over time. In the exudate\uffe2\uff80\uff90treated soil additional amounts of soil\uffe2\uff80\uff90derived WEOC (up to 110 \uffce\uffbcg g\uffe2\uff88\uff921) and MB\uffe2\uff80\uff90C (up to 60 \uffce\uffbcg g\uffe2\uff88\uff921) relative to the control were determined. We suggest therefore that positive priming effects (i.e. accelerated turnover of soil organic matter due to the addition of organic substrates) can be explained by exchange processes between charged, soluble C\uffe2\uff80\uff90components and the soil matrix. As a result of this exchange, soil\uffe2\uff80\uff90derived WEOC becomes available for mineralization.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "A. Gattinger, F. Buegger, M. Marx, J. C. Munch, A. Zsolnay,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2389.2007.00911.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Soil%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2389.2007.00911.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2389.2007.00911.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2389.2007.00911.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-03-27T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2017.04.015", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:16:45Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-05-06", "title": "Ecosystem service delivery of agri-environment measures: A synthesis for hedgerows and grass strips on arable land", "description": "Abstract In north western Europe, agricultural systems are generally managed to maximize the potential delivery of provisioning ecosystem services. This has often been at the expense of other ecosystem services. Because the current supply of most ecosystem services is insufficient to meet the increasing demand, particular attention to ecosystem service delivery and hence multifunctionality in agriculture is vital. In this paper, we quantitatively assessed the impact of hedgerows and grass strips bordering parcels with annual arable crops on the simultaneous delivery of a set of ecosystem services and from there we identified synergies and trade-offs on virtual parcels. After a systematic literature search, mixed models were applied on observations from 60 studies and quantitative effect relationships between ecosystem service delivery and hedgerow and grass strip characteristics were developed. Next to the hedgerow, until a distance of twice the hedgerow height, arable crop yield was reduced by 29%. Beyond this distance, until 20 times the hedgerow height, crop yield was increased by 6%. Compared to a similar arable parcel without hedgerow or grass strip, soil carbon stock was 22% higher in the hedgerow, on average 6% higher in the adjacent parcel next to the hedgerow and 37% higher in the upper 30\u00a0cm soil layer in the grass strip. Both hedgerows and grass strips intercepted nitrogen from the surface (69% and 67%, respectively) and subsurface (34% and 32%, respectively) flow and phosphorus (67% and 73%, respectively) and soil sediment (91% and 90%, respectively) from the surface flow. More natural predator species were found on parcels with hedgerows, but the number of predators was unaffected. On parcels with grass strips, both predator density and diversity was higher and aphid density was reduced. Our calculations on parcel level indicate that the trade-off between arable crop yield and regulating ecosystem services depends on hedgerow width and height and parcel dimensions. A similar trade-off is found on parcels with grass strips, but increasing grass strip width results in a proportionally higher delivery of regulating ecosystem services.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2017.04.015"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2017.04.015", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2017.04.015", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2017.04.015"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agsy.2016.06.007", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:16:50Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-07-20", "title": "Greening And Producing: An Economic Assessment Framework For Integrating Trees In Cropping Systems", "description": "Abstract Environmental measures in an agricultural context often lead to extra constraints in current farming. This suggests trade-offs between the environmental objectives and profitability. Whether trade-offs exist, or may be turned into win-win, depends on creative farm options to comply new constraints. This paper concentrates on Ecological Focus Areas as a new EU Common Agricultural Policy greening requirement, and investigates profitability changes of two greening options with permanent woody elements, hedgerows and alley cropping. We predicted discounted gross margins for a hedgerow and alley cropping greening option and four market scenarios on a representative arable farm in Flanders (Belgium). Starting from the tree row, over a distance of 1.64 times the tree height, relative crop yield is 70% as compared to a treeless situation. Between 1.64 and 9.52 times the tree height, relative yield is 107%. Beyond that point, the effect is considered negligible. Discounted gross margins are calculated to account for the time horizon. Relative discounted gross margins at farm level, compared to the business as usual option, vary between 91% and 108%, depending on market conditions and policy support. The calculations show that fulfilment of the 5% ecological focus area greening requirement on arable farms with hedgerows and alley cropping only becomes economically competitive to the traditional cropping systems with extra financial stimuli (e.g. greening payments). We also show and discuss how the calculations can be fine-tuned and used in policy making, e.g. by i) getting better insights in the tree-crop interactions, ii) including the effect of e.g. crop type, tree species, tree line space and tree line orientation in the meta-information, iii) evaluating this conditional competitiveness and suggesting a better linking between subsidy level and ecological value and ecosystem services and iv) exploring novel valorization channels for wood products.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "12. Responsible consumption", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2016.06.007"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agricultural%20Systems", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agsy.2016.06.007", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agsy.2016.06.007", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agsy.2016.06.007"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2901798597", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:29:51Z", "type": "Report", "created": "2018-11-16", "title": "Organic matter across subsea permafrost thaw horizons on the East Siberian Arctic Shelf", "description": "

Abstract. Thaw of subsea permafrost across the Arctic Ocean shelves might promote the degradation of organic matter to CO2 and CH4, but also create conduits for transfer of deeper CH4 pools to the atmosphere and thereby amplify global warming. In this study, we describe sedimentary characteristics of three subsea permafrost cores of 21\u201356\u2009m length drilled near the current delta of the Lena River in the Buor\u2013Khaya Bay on the East Siberian Arctic Shelf, including content, origin and degradation state of organic matter around the current thaw front. Grain size distribution and optically stimulated luminescence dating suggest the alternating deposition of aeolian silt and fluvial sand over the past 160\u2009000 years. Organic matter in 3\u2009m sections across the current permafrost table was characterized by low organic carbon contents (average 0.7\u2009\u00b1\u20090.2\u2009%) as well as enriched \u03b413C values and low concentrations of the terrestrial plant biomarker lignin compared to other recent and Pleistocene deposits in the study region. The lignin phenol composition further suggests contribution of both tundra and boreal forest vegetation, at least the latter likely deposited by rivers. Our findings indicate high variability in organic matter composition of subsea permafrost even within a small study area, reflecting its development in a heterogeneous and dynamic landscape. Even with this relatively low organic carbon content, the high rates of observed subsea permafrost thaw in this area yield a thaw-out of 1.6\u2009kg\u2009OC\u2009m\u22122\u2009year\u22121, emphasizing the need to constrain the fate of the poorly described and thawing subsea permafrost organic carbon pool.

", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/2901798597"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2901798597", "name": "item", "description": "2901798597", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2901798597"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-11-16T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2995887446", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:29:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-12-18", "title": "Determining threshold values for root-soil water weighted plant water deficit index based smart irrigation", "description": "Trabajo desarrollado bajo la financiaci\u00f3n del proyecto \u201cSoil Hydrology research platform underpinning innovation to manage water scarcity in European and Chinese cropping Systems\u201d (773903), coordinado por Jos\u00e9 Alfonso G\u00f3mez Calero, investigador del Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible (IAS). Plant water deficit index (PWDI) represents the extent of water stress by relating soil moisture to the ability of a plant to take up water including consideration of the relative distribution of soil water to roots. However, for a smart irrigation decision support system, we are challenged in determining reliable thresholds of PWDI to initiate irrigation events to achieve predetermined yield and/or water use efficiency (WUE) targets. Taking drip irrigated maize and sprinkler irrigated alfalfa as examples, field experiments were conducted to investigate the choice and effects of PWDI thresholds. The results indicated that, with increasing PWDI thresholds, irrigation times and quantity of water, as well as crop transpiration, growth, and yield, were all significantly limited while WUE was enhanced except under extremely stressed conditions. To disconnect the unpredictable effects of other factors, yield and WUE were normalized to their corresponding potential values. Within the experimentally determined range of PWDI, relative yield and WUE were described with linear functions for maize, and linear and quadratic functions for alfalfa, allowing identification of the most efficient threshold value according to the objective parameter of choice. The method described can be adopted in smart irrigation decision support systems with consideration of spatial variability and after further verification and improvement under more complicated situations with various crop types and varieties, environmental conditions, cultivation modes, and wider or dynamic PWDI thresholds allowing regulated deficit irrigation. This research was supported partly by National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFE0118100, 2016YFD0200303), National Natural Science Foundation of China (U1706211, 51790532), Special Fund for Scientific Research in the Public Interest (201411009), and the European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under Project SHui, grant agreement No 773903. Peer reviewed", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Yield", "PWDI", "Water stress", "Alfalfa", "Water use efficiency", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Maize", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/2995887446"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agricultural%20Water%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2995887446", "name": "item", "description": "2995887446", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2995887446"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/ldr.2158", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:15:16Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-04-03", "title": "Changes in soil organic carbon under eucalyptus plantations in brazil: a comparative analysis", "description": "ABSTRACT

Proper assessment of environmental quality or degradation requires knowledge of how terrestrial C pools respond to land use change. Forest plantations offer a considerable potential to sequester C in aboveground biomass. However, their impact on initial levels of soil organic carbon (SOC) varies from strong losses to gains, possibly affecting C balances in afforestation or reforestation initiatives. We compiled paired\uffe2\uff80\uff90plot studies on how SOC stocks under native vegetation change after planting fast\uffe2\uff80\uff90growth Eucalyptus species in Brazil, where these plantations are becoming increasingly important. SOC changes for the 0\uffe2\uff80\uff9320 and 0\uffe2\uff80\uff9340\uffe2\uff80\uff89cm depths varied between \uffe2\uff88\uff9225 and 42\uffe2\uff80\uff89Mg\uffe2\uff80\uff89ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921, following a normal distribution centered near zero. After replacing native vegetation by Eucalyptus plantations, mean SOC changes were \uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffc2\uffb75 and 0\uffc2\uffb73\uffe2\uff80\uff89Mg\uffe2\uff80\uff89ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 for the 0\uffe2\uff80\uff9320 and 0\uffe2\uff80\uff9340\uffe2\uff80\uff89cm depths, respectively. These are very low figures in comparison to C stocks usually sequestered in aboveground biomass and were statistically nonsignificant as demonstrated by a t\uffe2\uff80\uff90test at p\uffe2\uff80\uff89<\uffe2\uff80\uff890\uffc2\uffb705. Similar low, nonsignificant SOC changes were estimated after data were stratified into first or second rotation cycles, soil texture and biome (savanna, rainforest or grassland). Although strong SOC losses or gains effectively occurred in some cases, their underpinning causes could not be generally identified in the present work and must be ascribed in a case basis, considering the full set of environmental and management conditions. We conclude that Eucalyptus spp. plantations in average have no net effect on SOC stocks in Brazil. Copyright \uffc2\uffa9 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

", "keywords": ["Soil organic matter", "Carbon stocks", "Tropical soils", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Fast-growth tree plantations", "Land use change"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.2158"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Land%20Degradation%20%26amp%3B%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/ldr.2158", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/ldr.2158", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/ldr.2158"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-04-03T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2004.04.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:16:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-08-26", "title": "Carbon Sequestration In Tropical And Temperate Agroforestry Systems: A Review With Examples From Costa Rica And Southern Canada", "description": "Deforestation in the tropics, and fossil fuel burning in temperate regions contribute to the largest flux of CO 2 to the atmosphere. Therefore, land-use systems that increase the soil organic matter (SOM) pool and stabilize soil organic carbon (SOC) need to be implemented. Agroforestry systems have the potential to sequester atmospheric carbon (C) in trees and soil while maintaining sustainable productivity. The potential to sequester C in agroforestry systems in tropical and temperate regions is promising, but little information is available to date. The objective of this paper is to give an overview of the history of agroforestry and to outline differences in management practices between tropical and temperate systems. This review focuses on C inputs, SOC pools and SOC stabilization with highlights from Costa Rican and Canadian systems, and their role in C sequestration and trading. The potential to sequester C in aboveground components in agroforestry systems is estimated to be 2.1 \u00d7 10 9 Mg C year \u22121 in tropical and 1.9 \u00d7 10 9 Mg C year \u22121 in temperate biomes. However, the type of agroforestry systems and their capacity to sequester C vary globally. For example, alley cropping is an agroforestry practice where trees are integrated with crops, therefore storing C in the woody components of the trees and in the soil, with a continual addition of organic material from tree prunings and crop residues. Studies from Costa Rica have shown that a 10-year-old system with E. poeppigianasequestered C at a rate of 0.4 Mg C ha \u22121 year \u22121 in coarse roots and 0.3 Mg C ha \u22121 year \u22121 in tree trunks. Tree branches and leaves are added to the soil as mulch, contributing 1.4 Mg C ha \u22121 year \u22121 in addition to 3.0 Mg ha \u22121 year \u22121 from crop residues. This resulted in an annual increase of the SOC pool by 0.6 Mg ha \u22121 year \u22121 . Despite the two crop rotations in tropical agroforests, C input from crop residues is similar between the two biomes. The total organic matter input, however, is still greater in tropical systems due to the larger addition from tree prunings. This greater input does not necessarily increase the SOC pool significantly when compared to a temperate system of similar age as a result of faster turnover rates of the SOM pool. \u00a9 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2004.04.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2004.04.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2004.04.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2004.04.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2005.09.013", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:16:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-11-18", "title": "Responses Of Soil Microbial Biomass And N Availability To Transition Strategies From Conventional To Organic Farming Systems", "description": "Abstract Organic farming can enhance soil biodiversity, alleviate environmental concerns and improve food safety through eliminating the applications of synthetic chemicals. However, yield reduction due to nutrient limitation and pest incidence in the early stages of transition from conventional to organic systems is a major concern for organic farmers, and is thus a barrier to implementing the practice of organic farming. Therefore, identifying transition strategies that minimize yield loss is critical for facilitating the implementation of organic practices. Soil microorganisms play a dominant role in nutrient cycling and pest control in organic farming systems, and their responses to changes in soil management practices may critically impact crop growth and yield. Here we examined soil microbial biomass and N supply in response to several strategies for transitioning from conventional to organic farming systems in a long-term field experiment in Goldsboro, NC, USA. The transitional strategies included one fully organic strategy (ORG) and four reduced-input strategies (withdrawal of each or gradual reduction of major conventional inputs\u2014synthetic fertilizers, pesticides (insecticides/fungicides), and herbicides), with a conventional practice (CNV) serving as a control. Microbial biomass and respiration rate were more sensitive to changes in soil management practices than total C and N. In the first 2 years, the ORG was most effective in enhancing soil microbial biomass C and N among the transition strategies, but was accompanied with high yield losses. By the third year, soil microbial biomass C and N in the reduced-input transition strategies were statistically significantly greater than those in the CNV (averaging 32 and 35% higher, respectively), although they were slightly lower than those in the ORG (averaging 13 and 17% lower, respectively). Soil microbial respiration rate and net N mineralization in all transitional systems were statistically significantly higher than those in the CNV (averagely 83 and 66% greater, respectively), with no differences among the various transition strategies. These findings suggest that the transitional strategies that partially or gradually reduce conventional inputs can serve as alternatives that could potentially minimize economic hardships as well as benefit microbial growth during the early stages of transition to organic farming systems.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2005.09.013"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2005.09.013", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2005.09.013", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2005.09.013"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2006.01.004", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:16:36Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-03-01", "title": "Changes In Intrasystem N Cycling From N-2-Fixing Shrub Encroachment In Grassland: Multiple Positive Feedbacks", "description": "Nitrogen-fixing species can increase both the availability and cycling of nitrogen (N) in ecosystems. Autumn olive (Elaeagnus umbellata Thunb.) is an exotic woody shrub associated with N2-fixing actinomycetes that forms dense patches in disturbed landscapes (i.e., riparian zones adjacent to crop systems, old fields and agricultural grasslands) throughout the midwestern United States. We used paired plots dominated by either E. umbellata or C3 grassland to test whether the shrub encroachment altered pools and fluxes of nitrogen (N) and carbon (C) in the soil. Annual mean of NO3\u2010N concentrations in soil water collected from porous cup tension lysimeters every 2 weeks for 1 year was 20 times higher in soil beneath E. umbellata compared to grassland vegetation. Temporal variation in NO3\u2010N leaching occurred in the shrubencroached plots, with more nitrate leaching in the dormant season relative to the growing season. Potential net N mineralization, nitrification rates, and extractable N in the surface 10 cm of soil were also higher below E. umbellata. Following establishment of N2-fixing shrub patches for 7\u201013 years, the soil C:N ratio showed a declining trend due to lower total soil C rather than an increase in N. Labile carbon pools (i.e., microbial biomass C (MBC) and soil respiration rates) were lower in surface soil below E. umbellata, which demonstrated an additional positive feedback between encroachment of E. umbellata and N export. Less demand for mineralized N due to associated N2 fixation, coupled with higher rates of nitrification and lower microbial demand for N collectively contributed to higher export of N below the E. umbellata patched relative to the grassland system. Thus, areas invaded by this exotic N2-fixing species may function as N sources rather than the N conserving systems typically expected early successional communities following agricultural abandonment. # 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2006.01.004"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2006.01.004", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2006.01.004", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2006.01.004"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "3168726210", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:30:19Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-07-13", "title": "A talaj elektromos vezet\u0151k\u00e9pess\u00e9ge \u00e9s a term\u0151helyi z\u00f3n\u00e1k talajtulajdons\u00e1gai k\u00f6z\u00f6tti \u00f6sszef\u00fcgg\u00e9sek", "description": "

Vizsg\uffc3\uffa1latunk c\uffc3\uffa9lja az volt, hogy egy Somogyban elhelyezked\uffc5\uff91, dombvid\uffc3\uffa9ki mintater\uffc3\uffbclet sz\uffc3\uffa1nt\uffc3\uffb3in elemezz\uffc3\uffbck a m\uffc3\uffa9rt talaj-vezet\uffc5\uff91k\uffc3\uffa9pess\uffc3\uffa9g (EC) \uffc3\uffa9rt\uffc3\uffa9kek \uffc3\uffa9s lehat\uffc3\uffa1rolt term\uffc5\uff91helyi (m\uffc5\uffb1vel\uffc3\uffa9si) z\uffc3\uffb3n\uffc3\uffa1k talajtulajdons\uffc3\uffa1gai k\uffc3\uffb6z\uffc3\uffb6tti \uffc3\uffb6sszef\uffc3\uffbcgg\uffc3\uffa9seket. A vizsg\uffc3\uffa1lt sz\uffc3\uffa1nt\uffc3\uffb3ter\uffc3\uffbcletek l\uffc3\uffb6sz\uffc3\uffb6n kialakult, t\uffc3\uffadpusos Ramann-f\uffc3\uffa9le barna erd\uffc5\uff91talajon \uffc3\uffa9s karbon\uffc3\uffa1tos csernozjom barna erd\uffc5\uff91talajon helyezkednek el. Feltalajuk d\uffc3\uffb6nt\uffc5\uff91en v\uffc3\uffa1lyog \uffc3\uffa9s agyagos v\uffc3\uffa1lyog fizikai f\uffc3\uffa9les\uffc3\uffa9g\uffc5\uffb1. A talaj vezet\uffc5\uff91k\uffc3\uffa9pess\uffc3\uffa9g\uffc3\uffa9t 50 \uffc3\uffa9s 100 cm-es talajm\uffc3\uffa9lys\uffc3\uffa9gben m\uffc3\uffa9rt\uffc3\uffbck.

A mintater\uffc3\uffbclet talajadatait t\uffc3\uffa9rinformatikai \uffc3\uffa1llom\uffc3\uffa1nyba foglaltuk, az adatok rendez\uffc3\uffa9s\uffc3\uffa9t \uffc3\uffa9s azok \uffc3\uffb6sszekapcsol\uffc3\uffa1s\uffc3\uffa1t az ESRI ArcGIS 10.0 programmal v\uffc3\uffa9gezt\uffc3\uffbck el. A t\uffc3\uffa1bl\uffc3\uffa1k heterogenit\uffc3\uffa1s\uffc3\uffa1t mutat\uffc3\uffb3 laborat\uffc3\uffb3riumi talajvizsg\uffc3\uffa1latok eredm\uffc3\uffa9nyeit a m\uffc3\uffa9rt EC \uffc3\uffa9rt\uffc3\uffa9kekkel \uffc3\uffb6sszevetett\uffc3\uffbck, amelyhez az IBM SPSS Statistics 20 szoftver seg\uffc3\uffadts\uffc3\uffa9g\uffc3\uffa9vel stepwise-t\uffc3\uffadpus\uffc3\uffba line\uffc3\uffa1ris regresszi\uffc3\uffb3t alkalmaztunk. A regresszi\uffc3\uffb3kat a talajvizsg\uffc3\uffa1latok csoportos\uffc3\uffadt\uffc3\uffa1s\uffc3\uffa1val megegyez\uffc5\uff91en: alap (\uffe2\uff80\uff9ea\uffe2\uff80\uff9d eset), b\uffc5\uff91v\uffc3\uffadtett (\uffe2\uff80\uff9eb\uffe2\uff80\uff9d eset) \uffc3\uffa9s teljesk\uffc3\uffb6r\uffc5\uffb1 (\uffe2\uff80\uff9ec\uffe2\uff80\uff9deset) alapj\uffc3\uffa1n futtattuk le. A sz\uffc3\uffa1m\uffc3\uffadt\uffc3\uffa1sokn\uffc3\uffa1l az \uffe2\uff80\uff9ea\uffe2\uff80\uff9d eset a talajtulajdons\uffc3\uffa1gokat meghat\uffc3\uffa1roz\uffc3\uffb3 fontosabb talajparam\uffc3\uffa9terek (k\uffc3\uffb6t\uffc3\uffb6tts\uffc3\uffa9g, humusz- \uffc3\uffa9s m\uffc3\uffa9sztartalom, k\uffc3\uffa9mhat\uffc3\uffa1s), a \uffe2\uff80\uff9eb\uffe2\uff80\uff9d eset az alap talajparam\uffc3\uffa9tereket \uffc3\uffa9s a makro t\uffc3\uffa1panyagok (NPK ell\uffc3\uffa1totts\uffc3\uffa1got), valamint a \uffe2\uff80\uff9ec\uffe2\uff80\uff9d eset az el\uffc5\uff91z\uffc5\uff91 kett\uffc5\uff91t \uffc3\uffa9s mikro t\uffc3\uffa1panyagok (Mg2+, Na+, Zn2+, Cu2+, Mn2+, SO42\uffe2\uff80\uff93, Fe2+ + Fe3+) k\uffc3\uffb6r\uffc3\uffa9t jelenti.

A k\uffc3\uffbcl\uffc3\uffb6nb\uffc3\uffb6z\uffc5\uff91 csoportos\uffc3\uffadt\uffc3\uffa1sban elv\uffc3\uffa9gzett elemz\uffc3\uffa9sek sor\uffc3\uffa1n arra voltunk k\uffc3\uffadv\uffc3\uffa1ncsiak, hogy a vizsg\uffc3\uffa1lati talajparam\uffc3\uffa9terek k\uffc3\uffb6r\uffc3\uffa9nek v\uffc3\uffa1ltoztat\uffc3\uffa1s\uffc3\uffa1val szorosabb kapcsolatokat tal\uffc3\uffa1lunk-e a m\uffc3\uffa9rt \uffc3\uffa1tlagos EC \uffc3\uffa9rt\uffc3\uffa9kek \uffc3\uffa9s a talajtulajdons\uffc3\uffa1gok k\uffc3\uffb6z\uffc3\uffb6tt. Az eredm\uffc3\uffa9nyeink \uffc3\uffa1ltal kaphatunk-e olyan kell\uffc5\uff91 pontoss\uffc3\uffa1g\uffc3\uffba \uffc3\uffa9s megb\uffc3\uffadzhat\uffc3\uffb3s\uffc3\uffa1g\uffc3\uffba becsl\uffc5\uff91modellt, amely a talajok t\uffc3\uffa9rbeli heterogenit\uffc3\uffa1s\uffc3\uffa1t megmutatja az EC \uffc3\uffa9rt\uffc3\uffa9kek alapj\uffc3\uffa1n, \uffc3\uffadgy a m\uffc3\uffb3dszer nagyban meggyors\uffc3\uffadthatja \uffc3\uffa9s leegyszer\uffc5\uffb1s\uffc3\uffadtheti a \uffe2\uff80\uff9ehagyom\uffc3\uffa1nyos\uffe2\uff80\uff9d talajvizsg\uffc3\uffa1latokhoz k\uffc3\uffa9pest a term\uffc5\uff91helyi z\uffc3\uffb3n\uffc3\uffa1k elk\uffc3\uffbcl\uffc3\uffb6n\uffc3\uffadt\uffc3\uffa9s\uffc3\uffa9t.

A vizsg\uffc3\uffa1lati eredm\uffc3\uffa9nyeink alapj\uffc3\uffa1n elmondhat\uffc3\uffb3, hogy mindh\uffc3\uffa1rom regresszi\uffc3\uffb3s csoportos\uffc3\uffadt\uffc3\uffa1s eset\uffc3\uffa9n a tengerszint feletti magass\uffc3\uffa1g cs\uffc3\uffb6kken\uffc3\uffa9s\uffc3\uffa9vel ar\uffc3\uffa1nyosan n\uffc5\uff91 a talaj-vezet\uffc5\uff91k\uffc3\uffa9pess\uffc3\uffa9g, illetve az EC \uffc3\uffa9rt\uffc3\uffa9kek n\uffc3\uffb6veked\uffc3\uffa9s\uffc3\uffa9vel n\uffc5\uff91 a talajok k\uffc3\uffb6t\uffc3\uffb6tts\uffc3\uffa9ge, amellyel egy\uffc3\uffbctt n\uffc3\uffb6vekszik az agyagtartalom is. Ez a folyamat 100 cm-es talajm\uffc3\uffa9lys\uffc3\uffa9gben a nagyobb v\uffc3\uffadztartalom miatt er\uffc5\uff91teljesebben jelentkezik, mint az 50 cm-es talajm\uffc3\uffa9lys\uffc3\uffa9gben. A term\uffc5\uff91helyi z\uffc3\uffb3n\uffc3\uffa1k term\uffc3\uffa9kenys\uffc3\uffa9gi viszonyait az els\uffc5\uff91dleges talajtulajdons\uffc3\uffa1gokon, illetve a makro \uffc3\uffa9s a mikro t\uffc3\uffa1panyag-ell\uffc3\uffa1totts\uffc3\uffa1gokon k\uffc3\uffadv\uffc3\uffbcl a domborzati viszonyok is m\uffc3\uffb3dos\uffc3\uffadthatj\uffc3\uffa1k. A talajellen\uffc3\uffa1ll\uffc3\uffa1s m\uffc3\uffa9r\uffc3\uffa9se b\uffc3\uffa1rki sz\uffc3\uffa1m\uffc3\uffa1ra el\uffc3\uffa9rhet\uffc5\uff91, gyors \uffc3\uffa9s egyszer\uffc5\uffb1 m\uffc3\uffb3dszer. A laborat\uffc3\uffb3riumi talajvizsg\uffc3\uffa1latokat kieg\uffc3\uffa9sz\uffc3\uffadtve alkalmas arra, hogy a prec\uffc3\uffadzi\uffc3\uffb3s n\uffc3\uffb6v\uffc3\uffa9nytermeszt\uffc3\uffa9sben seg\uffc3\uffadts\uffc3\uffa9get ny\uffc3\uffbajtson a term\uffc5\uff91helyi z\uffc3\uffb3n\uffc3\uffa1k lehat\uffc3\uffa1rol\uffc3\uffa1s\uffc3\uffa1ban.

Our aim was to analyse the relationships between the measured soil electrical conductivity (EC) and the soil properties of different delimited production (tillage) zones in a hillside sample area situated in Somogy county. The examined arable lands are situated in typical Ramann-type brown forest soil and chernozem-brown forest soil mostly with loam and clay loam formed on loess. For the investigations, two soil resistance values (measured at 50 cm and 100 cm depth) were used.

Soil data of the sample area were incorporated into a GIS file, the ordering and connection of the data was performed by ESRI ArcGIS 10.0 program. The results of the soil laboratory tests (which show soil heterogeneity) were correlated to the measured EC-values with stepwise linear regression using IBM SPSS Statistics 20 software. The regression were run in line with the alignment of soil investigations: basic (case \uffe2\uff80\uff9ea\uffe2\uff80\uff9d), extended (case \uffe2\uff80\uff9eb\uffe2\uff80\uff9d) and completed (case \uffe2\uff80\uff9ec\uffe2\uff80\uff9d). By the calculations, case \uffe2\uff80\uff9ea\uffe2\uff80\uff9d means the group of the most important soil parameters which are determinative soil characteristics (upper limit of plasticity or KA, humus-, lime content, pH), case \uffe2\uff80\uff9eb\uffe2\uff80\uff9d means the previous one plus the group of macronutrients (NPK-content), while case \uffe2\uff80\uff9ec\uffe2\uff80\uff9d means case \uffe2\uff80\uff9eb\uffe2\uff80\uff9d plus the group of micronutrients (Mg2+, Na+, Zn2+, Cu2+, Mn2+, SO42\uffe2\uff80\uff93, Fe2+ + Fe3+).

With the analyses made in different alignments our aim was to determine whether with the changing of examined soil parameters there will be tighter relationships between the measured EC-values and soil properties. Further aim was to examine whether it is possible to make a properly accurate and reliable estimation model, which can show the real soil circumstances (spatial heterogeneity of soils) based on EC-values, since this method can accelerate and simplify the separation of productivity zones compared to the conventional soil examinations.

Based on the results it can be concluded that in case of all the three regression groups the electrical conductivity increases proportionally with the decreasing of elevation. Besides, with the increasing of EC-values the KA \uffe2\uff80\uff93 and with it, the clay content also \uffe2\uff80\uff93 increases. This process develops in a more significant way in the depth of 100 cm than in 50 cm because of the higher water content. Besides the primary soil characteristics and the amount of macro- and micronutrients, the fertility conditions of the production zones can be affected by the geographical circumstances as well. The measurement of soil resistance is a fast, easy and generally available method, which is suitable \uffe2\uff80\uff93 with the completion of laboratory examinations \uffe2\uff80\uff93 for giving assistance to delineate the production zones in the precision crop production.