{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1007/978-3-319-53498-5_74", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:14:31Z", "type": "Report", "created": "2017-06-10", "title": "Review on the Methods for Evaluation of Root Reinforcement in Shallow Landslides", "description": "Open image in new window Recently geotechnical engineers aim to adopt more environmental-friendly solutions (not harmful to the environment), therefore the interest on the use of vegetation as a measure to improve slope stability is increasing. The mechanical reinforcement due to roots against shallow landslides occurs when the fibres intersect the shear surface, usually at depths lower than 2 m. In the literature, the presence of roots is often taken into account by modelling the soil as an equivalent composite material: \u2018the root-permeated soil\u2019, by including an additional cohesion term in the Mohr-Coulomb equation. The models used to estimate the root additional cohesion are presented in the first part of the paper. In some cases, root cohesion is calculated based on the resistant properties of the fibres and assuming an order for the progressive roots failure, either breaking, slipping out or buckling. On the other hand, some authors used structural models of the roots investigating not only the stresses in the roots, but also in the surrounding soil to obtain a better estimation of the root cohesion. In the second part of the paper, the calculation of the root reinforcement is used to assess the safety factor (SF) of the slope. Both Limit Equilibrium analyses (LE) and Finite Element Methods (FEM) are discussed, stressing the limitations of both the approaches.", "keywords": ["Root mechanical reinforcement", "[SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "Root cohesion", "Slope stability", "[SDV.BID.SPT] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics", " Phylogenetics and taxonomy", "Shallow landslides", "[SDV.EE.ECO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", " environment/Ecosystems", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "[SDV.BV.BOT] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.iris.unina.it/bitstream/11588/697661/1/10.1007%252F978-3-319-53498-5_74.pdf"}, {"href": "http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-3-319-53498-5"}, {"href": "http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-3-319-53498-5_74"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-53498-5_74"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/978-3-319-53498-5_74", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/978-3-319-53498-5_74", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/978-3-319-53498-5_74"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/978-3-319-53498-5_73", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-27T16:14:31Z", "type": "Report", "created": "2017-06-10", "title": "Review on Types of Root Failures in Shallow Landslides", "description": "Nowadays the interest of geotechnical engineers for green solutions is being developed and the use of vegetation as a reinforcement to improve slope stability is growing. The sliding surface of shallow landslides tends to not exceed 1.5\u20132 m depth, and as a consequence it can be crossed by roots that, in this case, work as a stabilizing measure. Therefore, the study of the soil-roots interaction is necessary to quantify the contribution of vegetation to the stability of shallow landslides. The goal of this paper is to provide an overview of the root failure mechanisms that can occur along the sliding surface and of the forces applied by roots, in order to evaluate the safety factor of a reinforced slope. Several prevailing stress states occur along a shallow landslide failure surface: tension stress at the slide crest, shear stresses along the base of the unstable soil layer and passive earth pressures at the slope toe. Some considerations are also made regarding acceptable simplifications, in terms of root geometry and soil-root friction strength, that are currently assumed in the literature.", "keywords": ["[SPI.GCIV.GEOTECH] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Civil Engineering/G\u00e9otechnique", "Root failure mechanisms", "Root reinforcement", "Shallow landslides", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Root reinforcement", " Root-soil interaction", "Root failure mechanisms ", "Shallow landslides", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "02 engineering and technology", "Root-soil interaction"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.iris.unina.it/bitstream/11588/697495/1/10.1007%252F978-3-319-53498-5_73.pdf"}, {"href": "http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-3-319-53498-5"}, {"href": "http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-3-319-53498-5_73"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-53498-5_73"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/978-3-319-53498-5_73", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/978-3-319-53498-5_73", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/978-3-319-53498-5_73"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Shallow+landslides&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Shallow+landslides&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "first", "title": "items (first)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Shallow+landslides&", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "last", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (last)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Shallow+landslides&offset=2", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 2, "numberReturned": 2, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-07-27T20:10:35.938754Z"}