{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1016/j.still.2018.05.016", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:17:21Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-06-11", "title": "The Benefits Of Conservation Agriculture On Soil Organic Carbon And Yield In Southern Africa Are Site-Specific", "description": "Abstract   Conservation agriculture (CA), with reduced tillage, permanent soil cover and diversified cropping systems, is advocated in southern Africa to improve soil quality, reduce input costs and mitigate climate-induced risks. However, improvements in terms of yield and soil organic carbon (SOC) under CA are slow and variable and many small-scale farmers are unable to buffer themselves against potential short-term financial losses. In this study we examined the effects of CA-related management practices on SOC sequestration and productivity at two medium-term sites on a sandy soil (eight year trial) and clay soil (six years) in maize producing areas of South Africa. Using field data, current input costs and market prices for crops, we calculated the gross margin for each system. Treatments compared conventional ploughing under maize monoculture with reduced tillage, intercropping and crop rotation. On the clay soil, SOC was increased under reduced tillage (57.6\u202ft C ha\u22121) compared to conventional tillage (54.9\u202ft C ha\u22121) while there was no difference for the sandy soil (19.7\u202ft C ha\u22121 average across treatments). Profitability was most strongly influenced by seasonal rainfall, but was higher on the sandy soil than the clay soil, with an average gross margin of R11,344 ha\u22121 and R5,686 ha\u22121, respectively. This study has demonstrated that while certain CA practices can create site-specific benefits for farmers, it is highly dependent on local weather and soil conditions. For the clay soil an additional payment scheme would be required to reward farmers in southern Africa for C-sequestration to make CA profitable and achieve increased C-mitigation through soil sequestration.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Conservation agriculture (CA)", "Losses", "Cropping systems", "Soil organic carbon (SOC)", "Crops", "Small-scale farmers", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. 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Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Fungi (AMF; three species of Glomus) and the plant-growth-promoting bacterial strain Kosakonia radicincitans DSM16656 were applied to barley in a two-year field experiment with different soil pH levels and available nutrients. Grain yield; contents of P, N, K, and Mg; and soil microbial parameters were measured. Grain yield and the content of nutrients were significantly increased by the applications of mineral fertilizer, organic fertilizer, AMF, and K. radicincitans, and the combined application of organic fertilizer with AMF and with K. radicincitans over the control under normal growth conditions. Under low-pH and low-P conditions, only the combined application of the organic fertilizer with K. radicincitans and organic fertilizer with AMF could increase the grain yield and content of nutrients of barley over the control.</p></article>", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "Yield", "QH301-705.5", "Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi", "arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi", "Soil pH", "Article", "Kosakonia radicincitans", "03 medical and health sciences", "organic fertilizer", "Microbial inoculants", "<i>Kosakonia radicincitans</i>", "Biology (General)", "2. Zero hunger", "microbial inoculants; arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi; <i>Kosakonia radicincitans</i>; organic fertilizer; field experiment; soil conditions; soil pH; yield", "soil conditions", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "Field experiment", "field experiment", "13. 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Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Fungi (AMF; three species of Glomus) and the plant-growth-promoting bacterial strain Kosakonia radicincitans DSM16656 were applied to barley in a two-year field experiment with different soil pH levels and available nutrients. Grain yield; contents of P, N, K, and Mg; and soil microbial parameters were measured. Grain yield and the content of nutrients were significantly increased by the applications of mineral fertilizer, organic fertilizer, AMF, and K. radicincitans, and the combined application of organic fertilizer with AMF and with K. radicincitans over the control under normal growth conditions. Under low-pH and low-P conditions, only the combined application of the organic fertilizer with K. radicincitans and organic fertilizer with AMF could increase the grain yield and content of nutrients of barley over the control.</p></article>", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "Yield", "QH301-705.5", "Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi", "arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi", "Soil pH", "Article", "Kosakonia radicincitans", "03 medical and health sciences", "organic fertilizer", "Microbial inoculants", "<i>Kosakonia radicincitans</i>", "Biology (General)", "2. Zero hunger", "microbial inoculants; arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi; <i>Kosakonia radicincitans</i>; organic fertilizer; field experiment; soil conditions; soil pH; yield", "soil conditions", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "Field experiment", "field experiment", "13. 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Reports, articles, papers, scientific and non - scientific works of any form, including tables, maps, or any other kind of output, in printed or electronic form, based in whole or in part on the data supplied, must contain an acknowledgement of the form: \"Data reused from the BonaRes Data Centre www.bonares.de. This data were created as part of the ZALF Datenerfassung's research activities.\" Although every care has been taken in preparing and testing the data, the ZALF Datenerfassung and the BonaRes Data Centre cannot guarantee that the data are correct; neither does the ZALF Datenerfassung and the BonaRes Data Centre accept any liability whatsoever for any error, missing data or omission in the data, or for any loss or damage arising from its use. The ZALF Datenerfassung and BonaRes Data Centre will not be responsible for any direct or indirect use which might be made of the data.", "updated": "2025-07-21", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2025-07-07", "language": "eng", "title": "Soil monitoring dataset Fairbanks Alaska", "description": "This dataset includes a soil monitoring of redox potential, soil moisture, and soil temperature in 2 soil depths (mineral topsoil and subsoil) at 3 research sites in Fairbanks, Interior Alaska. Research sites cover an intact permafrost soil and 2 degraded permafrost soils, one dry-degraded and one wet-degraded site. The monitoring was conducted from September 2021 to September 2024, covering 3 consecutive years. Measuring intervals were set to 15 min. Soil redox potentials were measured against an Ag/AgCl reference electrode in 3 M KCl electrolyte solution. 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