Society calls for protection of agricultural soils in order to sustain the production of foods for a growing population. Compaction of subsoil layers is an increasing problem in modern agriculture and a cause of serious concern because of the poor resilience in natural amelioration. The concept of soil precompression stress has been adapted from civil engineering, although in soil science it is applied to unsaturated soils that have developed a secondary structure from the action of weather, biota and tillage. It assumes strain is elastic at loads up to the precompression stress, while plastic deformation is expected at higher stresses. To determine this threshold we performed uniaxial, confined compression tests for a total of 584 minimally disturbed soil cores sampled at three subsoil layers on nine Danish soils ranging in clay content from 0.02 to 0.38 kg kg\u22121. The cores were drained to either of three matric potentials (\u221250, \u2212100 or \u2212 300 hPa) prior to loading. Stress was applied by a constant-strain rate method. We estimated the point of maximum curvature of the strain-log10(normal stress) relation by a numerical procedure. This point is considered here as a compactive stress threshold, typically labeled the soil precompression stress, \u03c3pc. The preload suction stress (PSS) was calculated as the product of initial (i.e., before loading) water suction and initial degree of pore water saturation. Multiple regressions were performed to evaluate the effect of soil properties (textural classes, volumetric water content, bulk density (BD), soil organic matter (SOM), and PSS) on \u03c3pc. The best model explained 39% of the variation in \u03c3pc, and indicated that \u03c3pc increases with increasing PSS, BD and SOM. For a given combination of clay, BD and SOM, PSS affected \u03c3pc negatively. We recommend our regression model for use in risk assessment tools for estimating sustainable traffic on agricultural soils. The model was validated by five independent data sets from the literature. Our study shows that caution should be applied when regarding \u03c3pc as a fixed threshold for compressive strength. We hypothesize that plastic deformation is initiated over a range of stress rather than at a distinctive single value. Further studies are needed to better understand\u2014and potentially quantify\u2014to what extent the predicted \u03c3pc can be regarded a central estimate of allowable stress for a given soil.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Suction stress", "Sustainability", "Soil strength", "Uniaxial compression test", "Precompression stress", "15. Life on land", "Pedotransfer function", "Soil compaction", "Soil degradation", "Risk assessment"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.agron.2022.11.003"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/bs.agron.2022.11.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/bs.agron.2022.11.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/bs.agron.2022.11.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.14393/bj-v31n4a2015-26218", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-01T16:19:31Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-07-01", "title": "Least Limiting Water Range And Degree Of Compactness Of Soils Under No- Tillage", "description": "The least limiting water range (LLWR) and degree of compactness (DC) can be useful indicators of soil physical quality and crop yield. This study focused on assessing of LLWR, DC and evaluation of critical values to crop growth of an Alfisol and Oxisol under no-till management. Undisturbed soil cores were taken from the layer 0.00 - 0.20 m depth. Soil water retention curve, soil penetration resistance curve, air-filled porosity and bulk density (Bd) were measured. The range of LLWR variation was limited by volumetric water content at field capacity and penetration resistance. Values of LLWR varied from 0.00 - 0.14 m3 m-3 to Alfisol and 0.00 - 0.04 m3 m-3 to Oxisol. The critical values of the Bd and DC for crop development were 1.79 Mg m-3 and 1.35 Mg m-3 and 96% and 74% to Alfisol and Oxisol, respectively. Further researches relating LLWR, DC and crop response are still required in soils with different conditions and management.
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Reports, articles, papers, scientific and non - scientific works of any form, including tables, maps, or any other kind of output, in printed or electronic form, based in whole or in part on the data supplied, must contain an acknowledgement of the form: \"Data reused from the BonaRes Data Centre www.bonares.de. This data were created as part of the ZALF Datenerfassung's research activities.\" Although every care has been taken in preparing and testing the data, the ZALF Datenerfassung and the BonaRes Data Centre cannot guarantee that the data are correct; neither does the ZALF Datenerfassung and the BonaRes Data Centre accept any liability whatsoever for any error, missing data or omission in the data, or for any loss or damage arising from its use. 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"country": null}], "links": [{"href": {"url": null, "protocol": null, "protocol_url": "", "name": "0000-0002-3448-5208", "name_url": "", "description": "ORCID", "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": null}}]}, {"name": "Margit Rode", "organization": "University of Kassel", "position": null, "roles": ["dataCollector"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "-"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Sebastian Miguel Pavez Rebolledo", "organization": "University of Chile", "position": null, "roles": ["dataCollector"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "-"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"organization": "Justus-Liebig University Giessen;Leibniz University Hannover;University of Kassel", "roles": ["contributor"]}], "title_alternate": "Data collection: Part 2/4, table: aggregate stability"}, "links": [{"href": "https://maps.bonares.de/mapapps/resources/apps/bonares/index.html?lang=en&mid=165b15e1-01b5-4080-9c30-435f008cc07c", "rel": "information"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/d0798048-f3a1-4638-909b-90f87a571278", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "165b15e1-01b5-4080-9c30-435f008cc07c", "name": "item", "description": "165b15e1-01b5-4080-9c30-435f008cc07c", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/165b15e1-01b5-4080-9c30-435f008cc07c"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": 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Reports, articles, papers, scientific and non - scientific works of any form, including tables, maps, or any other kind of output, in printed or electronic form, based in whole or in part on the data supplied, must contain an acknowledgement of the form: \"Data reused from the BonaRes Data Centre www.bonares.de. This data were created as part of the ZALF Datenerfassung's research activities.\" Although every care has been taken in preparing and testing the data, the ZALF Datenerfassung and the BonaRes Data Centre cannot guarantee that the data are correct; neither does the ZALF Datenerfassung and the BonaRes Data Centre accept any liability whatsoever for any error, missing data or omission in the data, or for any loss or damage arising from its use. 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