{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.3390/proceedings2019030057", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-28T16:20:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-05-20", "title": "Soil Structural Shifts Caused by Land Management Practices", "description": "Long-term agricultural practices have been shown to affect soil hydro-physical properties in multiple ways. They affect the stability and distribution of soil aggregates leading to changes in water retention, bulk density, hydraulic conductivity, and porosity. Aggregate stability is an indicator of the resilience of aggregates to external forces. Unstable aggregates can change rapidly under different land management practices and meteorological conditions. \u039cacro-aggregates (>250 \u03bcm) are formed more rapidly and are often more sensitive to management changes. Here, four different long-term experiments, run by the SoilCare Horizon 2020 Project partners, were sampled and analyzed, in order to evaluate the impact of different agricultural management practices in the water stability of soil aggregates and the fractions distribution. Different experiments selected, include control-conventional treatment and different treatments, which are considered soil improving. The treatments are about soil cultivation (conventional ploughing-control, zero tillage, minimum tillage, strip tillage, shallow tillage) and organic input (mineral fertilization-control, residue incorporation, farmyard manure) and are selected in areas with different climatic and soil conditions. Initial results indicate that treatments with less soil disturbance present more water stable aggregates (WSA) >250 \u03bcm and higher mean weight diameters (MWD), as well as the same trend following the treatments with increased organic input. According to Tukey\u2019s Honest Significance test (p < 0.05), management practices are shown to have a significant impact on the WSA and MWD in most cases, but not all similar treatments in the different areas present the same results. The large macro-aggregates (>2 mm) seem to be greatly sensitive to soil cultivation, whereas the results for the small macro-aggregates (250 \u03bcm\u20132 mm) are controversial among the different tillage experiments. The different organic inputs seems to affect more the small macro-aggregates than the larger. The initial results indicate that the shifts in the soil structure cannot only be justified by the different management practices. The interrelationships and potential links with other soil properties like texture, bulk density, particulate organic matter and climate will be taken into account in further steps in order to understand the mechanisms behind the aggregation shifts.", "keywords": ["long-term experiments", "2. Zero hunger", "13. 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The use of standardized formats to monitor and document these systems and experiments can help researchers and stakeholders to efficiently exchange data, promote interdisciplinary collaborations, and simplify modelling and analysis procedures. In the scope of the SoilCare Horizon 2020 project monitoring and assessment work package, an integrated scheme to collect, validate, store, and access cropping system information and experimental data from 16 study sites, was created. The aim of the scheme is to make the data readily available in a way that the information is useful, easy to access and download, and safe, relying only on open source software. The database design considers data and metadata required to properly and easily monitor, process, and analyse cropping systems and/or agricultural experiments. The scheme allows for the storage of data and metadata regarding the experimental set-up, associated people and institutions, information about field management operations and experimental procedures which are clearly separated for making analysis procedures faster, links between system components, and information about the environmental and climatic conditions. Raw data are entered by the users into a structured spreadsheet. The quality is checked before storing the data into the database. Providing raw data allows processing and analysing as each other user needs. A desktop import application has been created to upload the information from spreadsheet to database, which includes automated error checks of relationship tables, data types, data constraints, etc. The final component of the scheme is the database web application interface, which enables users to access and query the database across the study sites without the knowledge of query languages and to download the required data. For this system design, PostgreSQL is used for storing the data, pgAdmin 4 for database management administration, MongoDB for user management and authentication, Python for the development of the import application, Angular and Node.js/Express for the web application and spreadsheets compatible with LibreOffice Calc. The system is currently tested with data provided by the SoilCare study sites. Preliminary testing indicated that extended quality control of the spreadsheets was required from the system\u2019s administrator to meet the standards and restrictions of the import application. Initial comments from the users indicate that the database scheme, even if it initially seems complicated, includes all the variables and details required for a complete monitoring and modelling of an agricultural cropping system.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "cropping systems", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "General Works", "0104 chemical sciences", "monitoring", "13. 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The SoilCare WP5 devised a common data management system for all the study-sites. One important objective is to collect complete and comparable data for an analysis across study sites and data that allows any user to get all the required information when analysing a cropping system.The data model structure created based on the entity-relationship diagram and designed\u00a0to capture all the possible dependencies and complex interactions in a cropping system. All information is grouped in different pools: i. (experiments\u2019) Basic information such as institution and person metadata ii. (experimental) Field information like climate, inherent soil properties and spatial arrangement iii. The experimental setup which includes the details for the different treatments and the factors iv. Management data that includes all the detailed information for each group of management categories v. Results which include the measured data and metadata for the measurements/observations.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "SoilCare", " database", " monitoring", " soil improving cropping systems", " agricultural experiments", "", "15. 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The SoilCare project aims at developing soil improving cropping systems. At 16 study sites dispersed
over Europe experiments have been implemented. These were selected in collaboration with the
stakeholders (WP3) and based on a literature review (WP2). The methodology for monitoring the
experiments was compiled by WP4. The results are being compiled by WP5. In addition, all study sites
had to organize demonstration activities and field days of the selected cropping systems. The
combined findings by the study sites are an important input for the upscaling by WP6, the policy
analysis by WP7 and the dissemination by WP8.
The demonstrations/field days for the stakeholders are an important tool for sharing experiences
between the stakeholders and the researchers while inspecting and reflecting over the experiments in
the field. A total of 31 demonstration events/field days took place in the 16 study sites over two years.
Four out of the sixteen study sites organised three or more. Six out of the sixteen study sites organised
two demonstration/field days and six organised one. In total, about 937 stakeholders attended the
demonstration events. The average number of participants in the events was 30. The
demonstration/field days are experienced by the stakeholders and researchers of the study sites as a
very useful activity in combination with a more systematic consultation with the stakeholders.
The specific feedback by each study site is given in a table and can be found in more detail in the
reports by the study sites in appendix I. Several points were discussed in different degrees: the need
for machinery, the incentives by subsidies, the selection of crops, rotations and cover crops, the
erodibility and the soil structure/quality. Also many participants stressed the need for communication
and information on soil improving cropping systems. A major general concern for all stakeholders was
the economic performance of the cropping systems. Also, weed infestation and weed control
management was also a recurring theme.", "keywords": ["SoilCare", " Soil improving", " cropping systems", ""], "contacts": [{"organization": "Panagea, Ioanna, Wyseure, Guido,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4326767"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.4326767", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.4326767", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.4326767"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-12-16T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.4326766", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-28T16:22:44Z", "type": "Report", "title": "Report on demonstration activities in the study sites (D5.2)", "description": "Demonstration activities in the study sites. The SoilCare project aims at developing soil improving cropping systems. At 16 study sites dispersed
over Europe experiments have been implemented. These were selected in collaboration with the
stakeholders (WP3) and based on a literature review (WP2). The methodology for monitoring the
experiments was compiled by WP4. The results are being compiled by WP5. In addition, all study sites
had to organize demonstration activities and field days of the selected cropping systems. The
combined findings by the study sites are an important input for the upscaling by WP6, the policy
analysis by WP7 and the dissemination by WP8.
The demonstrations/field days for the stakeholders are an important tool for sharing experiences
between the stakeholders and the researchers while inspecting and reflecting over the experiments in
the field. A total of 31 demonstration events/field days took place in the 16 study sites over two years.
Four out of the sixteen study sites organised three or more. Six out of the sixteen study sites organised
two demonstration/field days and six organised one. In total, about 937 stakeholders attended the
demonstration events. The average number of participants in the events was 30. The
demonstration/field days are experienced by the stakeholders and researchers of the study sites as a
very useful activity in combination with a more systematic consultation with the stakeholders.
The specific feedback by each study site is given in a table and can be found in more detail in the
reports by the study sites in appendix I. Several points were discussed in different degrees: the need
for machinery, the incentives by subsidies, the selection of crops, rotations and cover crops, the
erodibility and the soil structure/quality. Also many participants stressed the need for communication
and information on soil improving cropping systems. A major general concern for all stakeholders was
the economic performance of the cropping systems. Also, weed infestation and weed control
management was also a recurring theme.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "SoilCare", " Soil improving", " cropping systems", "", "15. 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The SoilCare WP5 devised a common data management system for all the study-sites. One important objective is to collect complete and comparable data for an analysis across study sites and data that allows any user to get all the required information when analysing a cropping system.The data model structure created based on the entity-relationship diagram and designed\u00a0to capture all the possible dependencies and complex interactions in a cropping system. All information is grouped in different pools: i. (experiments\u2019) Basic information such as institution and person metadata ii. (experimental) Field information like climate, inherent soil properties and spatial arrangement iii. The experimental setup which includes the details for the different treatments and the factors iv. Management data that includes all the detailed information for each group of management categories v. 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The SoilCare database: schema (empty database) and Report 34 (D5.1) which\u00a0\u00a0reports and explains the database, which the SoilCare project developed and used for storing the monitoring results from the tested cropping systems and/or field agricultural experiments in the 16 Study sites can be accessed in\u00a0 \u00a010.5281/zenodo.5541295.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "SoilCare", " database", " monitoring", " soil improving cropping systems", " agricultural experiments", "15. 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The SoilCare database: schema (empty database) and Report 34 (D5.1) which\u00a0\u00a0reports and explains the database, which the SoilCare project developed and used for storing the monitoring results from the tested cropping systems and/or field agricultural experiments in the 16 Study sites can be accessed in\u00a0 \u00a010.5281/zenodo.5541295.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "SoilCare", " database", " monitoring", " soil improving cropping systems", " agricultural experiments", "15. 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They affect the stability and distribution of soil aggregates leading to changes in water retention, bulk density, hydraulic conductivity, and porosity. Aggregate stability is an indicator of the resilience of aggregates to external forces. Unstable aggregates can change rapidly under different land management practices and meteorological conditions. \u039cacro-aggregates (>250 \u03bcm) are formed more rapidly and are often more sensitive to management changes. Here, four different long-term experiments, run by the SoilCare Horizon 2020 Project partners, were sampled and analyzed, in order to evaluate the impact of different agricultural management practices in the water stability of soil aggregates and the fractions distribution. Different experiments selected, include control-conventional treatment and different treatments, which are considered soil improving. The treatments are about soil cultivation (conventional ploughing-control, zero tillage, minimum tillage, strip tillage, shallow tillage) and organic input (mineral fertilization-control, residue incorporation, farmyard manure) and are selected in areas with different climatic and soil conditions. Initial results indicate that treatments with less soil disturbance present more water stable aggregates (WSA) >250 \u03bcm and higher mean weight diameters (MWD), as well as the same trend following the treatments with increased organic input. According to Tukey\u2019s Honest Significance test (p < 0.05), management practices are shown to have a significant impact on the WSA and MWD in most cases, but not all similar treatments in the different areas present the same results. The large macro-aggregates (>2 mm) seem to be greatly sensitive to soil cultivation, whereas the results for the small macro-aggregates (250 \u03bcm\u20132 mm) are controversial among the different tillage experiments. The different organic inputs seems to affect more the small macro-aggregates than the larger. The initial results indicate that the shifts in the soil structure cannot only be justified by the different management practices. The interrelationships and potential links with other soil properties like texture, bulk density, particulate organic matter and climate will be taken into account in further steps in order to understand the mechanisms behind the aggregation shifts.", "keywords": ["long-term experiments", "2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "soil cultivation", "A", "aggregates", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "soil structure", "SoilCare", "General Works", "6. 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The use of standardized formats to monitor and document these systems and experiments can help researchers and stakeholders to efficiently exchange data, promote interdisciplinary collaborations, and simplify modelling and analysis procedures. In the scope of the SoilCare Horizon 2020 project monitoring and assessment work package, an integrated scheme to collect, validate, store, and access cropping system information and experimental data from 16 study sites, was created. The aim of the scheme is to make the data readily available in a way that the information is useful, easy to access and download, and safe, relying only on open source software. The database design considers data and metadata required to properly and easily monitor, process, and analyse cropping systems and/or agricultural experiments. The scheme allows for the storage of data and metadata regarding the experimental set-up, associated people and institutions, information about field management operations and experimental procedures which are clearly separated for making analysis procedures faster, links between system components, and information about the environmental and climatic conditions. Raw data are entered by the users into a structured spreadsheet. The quality is checked before storing the data into the database. Providing raw data allows processing and analysing as each other user needs. A desktop import application has been created to upload the information from spreadsheet to database, which includes automated error checks of relationship tables, data types, data constraints, etc. The final component of the scheme is the database web application interface, which enables users to access and query the database across the study sites without the knowledge of query languages and to download the required data. For this system design, PostgreSQL is used for storing the data, pgAdmin 4 for database management administration, MongoDB for user management and authentication, Python for the development of the import application, Angular and Node.js/Express for the web application and spreadsheets compatible with LibreOffice Calc. The system is currently tested with data provided by the SoilCare study sites. Preliminary testing indicated that extended quality control of the spreadsheets was required from the system\u2019s administrator to meet the standards and restrictions of the import application. Initial comments from the users indicate that the database scheme, even if it initially seems complicated, includes all the variables and details required for a complete monitoring and modelling of an agricultural cropping system.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "cropping systems", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "General Works", "0104 chemical sciences", "monitoring", "13. Climate action", "A", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "SoilCare", "database", "open-source"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Dangol Anuja, Guido Wyseure, Jan Diels, Ioanna Panagea, Marc Olijslagers,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/3031376624"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/TERRAenVISION%202019", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "3031376624", "name": "item", "description": "3031376624", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/3031376624"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=SoilCare&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=SoilCare&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "first", "title": "items (first)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=SoilCare&", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "last", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (last)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=SoilCare&offset=10", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 10, "numberReturned": 10, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-07-28T21:58:25.972514Z"}