{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1111/gcb.12819", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:18:44Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-12-05", "title": "Soil Warming And Co2 Enrichment Induce Biomass Shifts In Alpine Tree Line Vegetation", "description": "Abstract<p>Responses of alpine tree line ecosystems to increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations and global warming are poorly understood. We used an experiment at the Swiss tree line to investigate changes in vegetation biomass after 9\uffc2\uffa0years of free air CO2 enrichment (+200\uffc2\uffa0ppm; 2001\uffe2\uff80\uff932009) and 6\uffc2\uffa0years of soil warming (+4\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb0C; 2007\uffe2\uff80\uff932012). The study contained two key tree line species, Larix decidua and Pinus uncinata, both approximately 40\uffc2\uffa0years old, growing in heath vegetation dominated by dwarf shrubs. In 2012, we harvested and measured biomass of all trees (including root systems), above\uffe2\uff80\uff90ground understorey vegetation and fine roots. Overall, soil warming had clearer effects on plant biomass than CO2 enrichment, and there were no interactive effects between treatments. Total plant biomass increased in warmed plots containing Pinus but not in those with Larix. This response was driven by changes in tree mass (+50%), which contributed an average of 84% (5.7\uffc2\uffa0kg\uffc2\uffa0m\uffe2\uff88\uff922) of total plant mass. Pinus coarse root mass was especially enhanced by warming (+100%), yielding an increased root mass fraction. Elevated CO2 led to an increased relative growth rate of Larix stem basal area but no change in the final biomass of either tree species. Total understorey above\uffe2\uff80\uff90ground mass was not altered by soil warming or elevated CO2. However, Vaccinium myrtillus mass increased with both treatments, graminoid mass declined with warming, and forb and nonvascular plant (moss and lichen) mass decreased with both treatments. Fine roots showed a substantial reduction under soil warming (\uffe2\uff88\uff9240% for all roots &lt;2\uffc2\uffa0mm in diameter at 0\uffe2\uff80\uff9320\uffc2\uffa0cm soil depth) but no change with CO2 enrichment. Our findings suggest that enhanced overall productivity and shifts in biomass allocation will occur at the tree line, particularly with global warming. However, individual species and functional groups will respond differently to these environmental changes, with consequences for ecosystem structure and functioning.</p>", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Models", " Statistical", "Temperature", "Larix", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "Pinus", "Global Warming", "01 natural sciences", "Soil", "Species Specificity", "13. Climate action", "Biomass", "Tundra", "Switzerland"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12819"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/gcb.12819", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/gcb.12819", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/gcb.12819"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-01-30T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00442-012-2576-5", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:14:50Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-01-22", "title": "An Alpine Treeline In A Carbon Dioxide-Rich World: Synthesis Of A Nine-Year Free-Air Carbon Dioxide Enrichment Study", "description": "Open AccessOecologia, 171 (3)", "keywords": ["Carbon cycling", "0106 biological sciences", "0301 basic medicine", "Nitrogen", "Dwarf shrub", "Carbon Dioxide", "Plant Roots", "01 natural sciences", "Trees", "Soil", "03 medical and health sciences", "Carbon cycling; Dwarf shrub; Global change; Nitrogen; Treeline conifer", "Treeline conifer", "Global change", "Ecosystem", "Plant Physiological Phenomena", "Soil Microbiology", "Switzerland"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-012-2576-5"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Oecologia", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00442-012-2576-5", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00442-012-2576-5", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00442-012-2576-5"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-01-23T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135733", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:16:55Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-11-26", "title": "International tempo-spatial study of antibiotic resistance genes across the Rhine river using newly developed multiplex qPCR assays", "description": "The aim of this study was to capture and explain changes in antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) presence and concentration internationally across the Rhine river. Intl1 concentrations and national antibiotic usage were investigated as proxies to predict anthropogenic ARG pollution. Newly-developed multiplex qPCR assays were employed to investigate ARG profiles across 8 locations (L1-L8) in three countries (Switzerland, Germany, the Netherlands) and to detect potential regional causes for variation. Two of these locations were further monitored, over the duration of one month. A total of 13 ARGs, Intl1 and 16S rRNA were quantified. ARG presence and concentrations initially increased from L1(Diepoldsau) to L3(Darmstadt). A continuous increase could not be observed at subsequent locations, with the large river volume likely being a major contributing factor for stability. ARG presence and concentrations fluctuated widely across different locations. L2(Basel) and L3 were the two most polluted locations, coinciding with these locations being well-developed pharmaceutical production locations. We draw attention to the characteristic, clearly distinct ARG profiles, with gene presence being consistent and gene concentrations varying significantly less over time than across different locations. Five genes were Rhine-typical (ermB, ermF, Intl1, sul1 and tetM). Intl1 and sul1 were the genes with highest and second-highest concentration, respectively. Aph(III)a and blaOXA were permanently introduced downstream of L1, indicating no source of these genes prior to L1. We highlight that correlations between Intl1 and ARG concentrations (R2\u00a0=\u00a00.72) were driven by correlations to sul1 and disappeared when excluding sul1 from the analysis (R2\u00a0=\u00a00.05). Intl1 therefore seems to be a good proxy for sul1 concentrations but not necessarily for overall (anthropogenic) ARG pollution. Aminoglycoside usage per country correlated with concentrations of aph(III)a and several unrelated antibiotic resistance genes (blaOXA,ermB, ermF and tetM). This correlation can be explained by co-resistance caused by mobile genetic elements (MGEs), such as Tn1545.", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "03 medical and health sciences", "Rivers", "Genes", " Bacterial", "13. Climate action", "Germany", "RNA", " Ribosomal", " 16S", "Drug Resistance", " Microbial", "01 natural sciences", "Switzerland", "Anti-Bacterial Agents", "Netherlands", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135733"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135733", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135733", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135733"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1093/aob/mcr082", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:18:24Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-04-14", "title": "Leaf Traits, Shoot Growth And Seed Production In Mature Fagus Sylvatica Trees After 8 Years Of Co2 Enrichment", "description": "Masting, i.e. synchronous but highly variable interannual seed production, is a strong sink for carbon and nutrients. It may, therefore, compete with vegetative growth. It is currently unknown whether increased atmospheric CO(2) concentrations will affect the carbon balance (or that of other nutrients) between reproduction and vegetative growth of forest species. In this study, reproduction and vegetative growth of shoots of mature beech (Fagus sylvatica) trees grown at ambient and elevated atmospheric CO(2) concentrations were quantified. It was hypothesized that within a shoot, fruiting has a negative effect on vegetative growth, and that this effect is ameliorated at increased CO(2) concentrations.Reproduction and its competition with leaf and shoot production were examined during two masting events (in 2007 and 2009) in F. sylvatica trees that had been exposed to either ambient or elevated CO(2) concentrations (530 \u00b5mol mol(-1)) for eight consecutive years, between 2000 and 2008.The number of leaves per shoot and the length of terminal shoots was smaller or shorter in the two masting years compared with the one non-masting year (2008) investigated, but they were unaffected by elevated CO(2) concentrations. The dry mass of terminal shoots was approx. 2-fold lower in the masting year (2007) than in the non-masting year in trees growing at ambient CO(2) concentrations, but this decline was not observed in trees exposed to elevated CO(2) concentrations. In both the CO(2) treatments, fruiting significantly decreased nitrogen concentration by 25 % in leaves and xylem tissue of 1- to 3-year-old branches in 2009.Our findings indicate that there is competition for resources between reproduction and shoot growth. Elevated CO(2) concentrations reduced this competition, indicating effects on the balance of resource allocation between reproduction and vegetative growth in shoots with rising atmospheric CO(2) concentrations.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Time Factors", "Nitrogen", "Reproduction", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Carbon", "Trees", "Plant Leaves", "Xylem", "13. Climate action", "Fruit", "Seeds", "Fagus", "Plant Shoots", "Switzerland"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Han, Qingmin, Kabeya, Daisuke, Hoch, G\u00fcnter,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcr082"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Annals%20of%20Botany", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1093/aob/mcr082", "name": "item", "description": "10.1093/aob/mcr082", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1093/aob/mcr082"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-04-14T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1093/treephys/tpn046", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:18:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-01-28", "title": "Morphological And Physiological Responses Of Scots Pine Fine Roots To Water Supply In A Dry Climatic Region In Switzerland", "description": "In recent decades, Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) forests in inner-Alpine dry valleys of Switzerland have suffered from drought and elevated temperatures, resulting in a higher mortality rate of trees than the mean mortality rate in Switzerland. We investigated the responses of fine roots (standing crop, morphological and physiological features) to water supply in a Scots pine forest in the Rhone valley. Before irrigation started in 2003, low- and high-productivity Scots pine trees were selected based on their crown transparency. The fine root standing crop measured in spring from 2003 to 2005 was unaffected by the irrigation treatment. However, irrigation significantly enhanced the fine root standing crop during the vegetation period when values from spring were compared with values from fall in 2005. Irrigation slightly increased specific root length but decreased root tissue density. Fine root O2-consumption capacity decreased slightly in response to the irrigation treatment. Using ingrowth cores to observe the responses of newly produced fine roots, irrigation had a significantly positive effect on the length of fine roots, but there were no differences between the low- and high-productivity trees. In contrast to the weak response of fine roots to irrigation, the aboveground parts responded positively to irrigation with more dense crowns. The lack of a marked response of the fine root biomass to irrigation in the low- and high-productivity trees suggests that fine roots have a high priority for within-tree carbon allocation.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Meteorological Concepts", "Climate", "Temperature", "Water", "Pinus sylvestris", "15. Life on land", "Plant Roots", "01 natural sciences", "Carbon", "6. Clean water", "Droughts", "Oxygen", "Soil", "Biomass", "Switzerland"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpn046"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Tree%20Physiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1093/treephys/tpn046", "name": "item", "description": "10.1093/treephys/tpn046", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1093/treephys/tpn046"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-02-04T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/ddi.13146", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:18:40Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-09-02", "title": "Shifting aspect or elevation? The climate change response of ectotherms in a complex mountain topography", "description": "AbstractAim<p>Climate change is expected to cause mountain species to shift their ranges to higher elevations. Due to the decreasing amounts of habitats with increasing elevation, such shifts are likely to increase their extinction risk. Heterogeneous mountain topography, however, may reduce this risk by providing microclimatic conditions that can buffer macroclimatic warming or provide nearby refugia. As aspect strongly influences the local microclimate, we here assess whether shifts from warm south\uffe2\uff80\uff90exposed aspects to cool north\uffe2\uff80\uff90exposed aspects in response to climate change can compensate for an upward shift into cooler elevations.</p>Location<p>Switzerland, Swiss Alps.</p>Methods<p>We built ensemble distribution models using high\uffe2\uff80\uff90resolution climate data for two mountain\uffe2\uff80\uff90dwelling viviparous ectotherms, the Alpine salamander and the Common lizard, and projected them into various future scenarios to gain insights into distributional changes. We further compared elevation and aspect (northness) of current and predicted future locations to analyse preferences and future shifts.</p>Results<p>Future ranges were consistently decreasing for the lizard, but for the salamander they were highly variable, depending on the climate scenario and threshold rule. Aspect preferences were elevation\uffe2\uff80\uff90dependent: warmer, south\uffe2\uff80\uff90exposed microclimates were clearly preferred at higher compared to lower elevations. In terms of presence and future locations, we observed both elevational upward shifts and northward shifts in aspect. Under future conditions, the shift to cooler north\uffe2\uff80\uff90exposed aspects was particularly pronounced at already warmer lower elevations.</p>Main conclusions<p>For our study species, shifts in aspect and elevation are complementary strategies to mitigate climatic warming in the complex mountain topography. This complements the long\uffe2\uff80\uff90standing view of elevational upward shift being their only option to move into areas with suitable future climate. High\uffe2\uff80\uff90resolution climate data are critical in heterogeneous environments to identify microrefugia and thereby improving future impact assessments of climate change.</p>", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "0301 basic medicine", "570", "4290733-0", "elevation", "aspect", "Modellierung", "4077275-5", "ddc:900", "01 natural sciences", "4128128-7", "10127 Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies", "03 medical and health sciences", "4170297-9", "Schweizer Alpen", "Anthropogene Klima\u00e4nderung", "Wechselwarme", "aspect; climate change; ectotherms; microrefugia; mountain topography; Salamandra atra; species distribution modelling; Switzerland; thresholds; Zootoca vivipara", "4189352-9", "shift", "15. Life on land", "reptile", "1105 Ecology", " Evolution", " Behavior and Systematics", "climate change", "Geschichte und Geografie", "900", "13. Climate action", "Anpassung", "570 Life sciences; biology", "590 Animals (Zoology)", "amphibian", "[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://air.unimi.it/bitstream/2434/785568/2/feldmeier%202020%20divers%20distrib.pdf"}, {"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/ddi.13146"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.13146"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Diversity%20and%20Distributions", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/ddi.13146", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/ddi.13146", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/ddi.13146"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-08-26T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1126/science.1071148", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:19:10Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2002-07-27", "title": "Soil Fertility And Biodiversity In Organic Farming", "description": "<p>An understanding of agroecosystems is key to determining effective farming systems. Here we report results from a 21-year study of agronomic and ecological performance of biodynamic, bioorganic, and conventional farming systems in Central Europe. We found crop yields to be 20% lower in the organic systems, although input of fertilizer and energy was reduced by 34 to 53% and pesticide input by 97%. Enhanced soil fertility and higher biodiversity found in organic plots may render these systems less dependent on external inputs.</p>", "keywords": ["Crops", " Agricultural", "2. Zero hunger", "Nutrient turnover", "Agriculture", "Phosphorus", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Hydrogen-Ion Concentration", "15. Life on land", "Poaceae", "Soil quality", "Manure", "Soil", "Soil biology", "Biodiversity and ecosystem services", "Animals", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Biomass", "Pesticides", "Fertilizers", "Arthropods", "Ecosystem", "Soil Microbiology", "Switzerland", "Triticum", "Solanum tuberosum"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1071148"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1126/science.1071148", "name": "item", "description": "10.1126/science.1071148", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1126/science.1071148"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2002-05-31T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1126/science.1113977", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:19:10Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-08-25", "title": "Carbon Flux And Growth In Mature Deciduous Forest Trees Exposed To Elevated Co2", "description": "<p>             Whether rising atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO             2             ) concentrations will cause forests to grow faster and store more carbon is an open question. Using free air CO             2             release in combination with a canopy crane, we found an immediate and sustained enhancement of carbon flux through 35-meter-tall temperate forest trees when exposed to elevated CO             2             . However, there was no overall stimulation in stem growth and leaf litter production after 4 years. Photosynthetic capacity was not reduced, leaf chemistry changes were minor, and tree species differed in their responses. Although growing vigorously, these trees did not accrete more biomass carbon in stems in response to elevated CO             2             , thus challenging projections of growth responses derived from tests with smaller trees.           </p>", "keywords": ["Carbon Isotopes", "Plant Stems", "Atmosphere", "Nitrogen", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "0207 environmental engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "Lignin", "Carbon", "Trees", "Plant Leaves", "Quercus", "Soil", "Betulaceae", "13. Climate action", "Fagus", "Biomass", "Photosynthesis", "Ecosystem", "Plant Shoots", "Switzerland"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1113977"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1126/science.1113977", "name": "item", "description": "10.1126/science.1113977", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1126/science.1113977"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-08-26T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "45be3406-c677-4b36-8f91-7d3bd5e8a520", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[-21.68, 28.97], [-21.68, 69.64], [33.38, 69.64], [33.38, 28.97], [-21.68, 28.97]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "environment"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Land cover"}], "scheme": "http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/theme"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "climate change impact"}, {"id": "city"}, {"id": "climate"}, {"id": "climate change adaptation"}], "scheme": "GEMET"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Norway"}, {"id": "Iceland"}, {"id": "EU27 (from 2020)"}, {"id": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "United Kingdom"}], "scheme": "Continents, countries, sea regions of the world."}, {"concepts": [{"id": "European"}], "scheme": "http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/metadata-codelist/SpatialScope"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Climate adaptation"}, {"id": "Land use"}], "scheme": "EEA topics"}], "updated": "2025-10-09T10:47:49.785223Z", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2018-12-19T00:00:00", "language": "eng", "title": "Percentage of impervious areas in core cities (2015), Jan. 2019", "description": "This data shows the information on the percentage of impervious areas in core cities in Europe.\n\nThe area of soil sealing is taken from the Copernicus pan-European soil-sealing layer 2015. The reference unit for the processing is the core city based on UrbanAudit from Eurostat and the Urban Morphological Zone (UMZ) from EEA.To compute the mean soil-sealing degree of city\u2019s urban area by means of zonal statistics, the soil-sealing mosaic of Europe was overlaid with the extent of UMZ within the core city.\n\nThe percentage of sealed area in the city affects the impacts of climate-related hazards. Heavy rainfall may lead to flooding, if the water can not infiltrate into the ground, and if its amount exceeds the capacity of the drainage system. Also, artificial surfaces tend to get hotter than vegetation, contributing to the urban heat island effect. 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The reference unit for the processing is the core city based on UrbanAudit from Eurostat and the UMZ from EEA.To compute the mean soil-sealing degree of city\u2019s urban area by means of zonal statistics, the soil-sealing mosaic of Europe was overlaid with the extent of UMZ within the core city.\n\nThe percentage of sealed area in the city affects the impacts of climate-related hazards. Heavy rainfall may lead to flooding, if the water can not infiltrate into the ground, and if its amount exceeds the capacity of the drainage system. Also, artificial surfaces tend to get hotter than vegetation, contributing to the urban heat island effect. 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The Urban Heat Island intensity exacerbates high temperatures in cities and thus may pose additional risks to human thermal comfort and health.\nThe UHI intensity is represented by spatial P90 (90th percentile) urban heat island intensity of a given city (\"P90\" field in the dataset). This indicator is calculated by subtracting the rural (non-water) spatial P10 (10th percentile) temperature value from the average, height-corrected (to exclude terrain effects), air temperature map. This indicator represents the specific exposure of single cities and due to the height correction will be comparable across Europe.\nThe dataset has been created by VITO within the Copernicus Health contract for C3S and is based on UrbClim model (De Ridder et al. 2015). The 100 European cities for the urban simulations were selected based on user requirements within the health community.", "formats": [{"name": "SHP"}, {"name": "EEA:FOLDERPATH"}, {"name": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link"}, {"name": "WWW:URL"}, {"name": "OGC:WMS"}, {"name": "ESRI:REST"}], "keywords": ["Atmospheric conditions", "Meteorological geographical features", "climate", "climate change impact", "urban environment", " urban stress", "climate change adaptation", "urban area", "Norway", "Finland", "Germany", "Lithuania", "Spain", "Austria", "Croatia", "Belgium", "Ireland", "Romania", "Albania", "Switzerland", "France", "Italy", "Montenegro", "Poland", "Denmark", "Serbia", "United Kingdom", "Portugal", "Luxembourg", "Netherlands", "Slovenia", "North Macedonia", "Sweden", "Bosnia and Herzegovina", "Slovakia", "Hungary", "Czechia", "Iceland", "Latvia", "Bulgaria", "Greece", "Estonia", "European", "Climate adaptation"], "contacts": [{"name": null, "organization": "European Environment Agency", "position": null, "roles": ["custodian"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "sdi@eea.europa.eu"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Kongens Nytorv 6"], "city": "Copenhagen", "administrativeArea": "K", "postalCode": "1050", "country": "Denmark"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}], "denominator": "100000", "edition": "01.00"}, "links": [{"href": "https://sdi.eea.europa.eu/webdav/datastore/public/eea_v_4326_100_k_uhi-intensity_p_2008-2017_v01_r00/", "protocol": "EEA:FOLDERPATH", "rel": "download"}, {"href": "https://climate-adapt.eea.europa.eu/en/knowledge/tools/urban-adaptation", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link", "rel": "download"}, {"href": "https://sdi.eea.europa.eu/data/8b6a3182-0889-4109-ad22-a021e3126b60", "name": "Direct download", "protocol": "WWW:URL", "rel": "download"}, {"href": "https://climate.discomap.eea.europa.eu/arcgis/services/UAMV/Urban_Heat_Island_Intensity/MapServer/WMSServer?request=GetCapabilities&service=WMS", "protocol": "OGC:WMS", "rel": "information"}, {"href": "https://climate.discomap.eea.europa.eu/arcgis/rest/services/UAMV/Urban_Heat_Island_Intensity/MapServer", "protocol": "ESRI:REST", "rel": "information"}, {"href": "https://sdi.eea.europa.eu/public/catalogue-graphic-overview/8b6a3182-0889-4109-ad22-a021e3126b60.png", "name": "preview", "description": "Web image thumbnail (URL)", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--image-thumbnail", "rel": "preview"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "8b6a3182-0889-4109-ad22-a021e3126b60", "name": "item", "description": "8b6a3182-0889-4109-ad22-a021e3126b60", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/8b6a3182-0889-4109-ad22-a021e3126b60"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"interval": ["2008-01-01T00:00:00Z", "2017-12-31T00:00:00Z"]}}, {"id": "9a0b1daa-a4e0-4c62-b348-ec23354105c6-envidat", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2024-02-26T11:55:11Z", "type": "Dataset", "language": "en", "title": "Soil property maps for the Swiss forest", "description": "We used 2071 forest soil profiles to model a wide range of soil properties for the forested area of Switzerland. The spatial prediction is based on the principle of \u00abdigital soil mapping\u00bb. This involves linking soil profiles with soil forming factors using statistical or machine learning methods.  A quantile regression forest (QRF) approach was applied to predict the following soil properties at six depth ranges: clay, gravel, sand, fine earth density, SOC. The depth ranges correspond to the standard depths of the [GlobalSoilMap.Net](https://www.isric.org/) specification: 0\u20135, 5\u201315, 15\u201330, 30\u201360, 60\u2013100 and 100\u2013200 cm. In addition, the total soil depth down to a non-root-permeable layer or solid rock soil thick was predicted. To quantify the uncertainty for each predicted pixel, the upper and lower limit of the 90% prediction interval derived from QRF was calculated. More details on the methods and results are described in Baltensweiler et al. 2021 and Baltensweiler et al 2022.  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Reports, articles, papers, scientific and non - scientific works of any form, including tables, maps, or any other kind of output, in printed or electronic form, based in whole or in part on the data supplied, must contain an acknowledgement of the form: \"Data reused from the BonaRes Data Centre www.bonares.de. This data were created as part of the ZALF Datenerfassung's research activities.\" Although every care has been taken in preparing and testing the data, the ZALF Datenerfassung and the BonaRes Data Centre cannot guarantee that the data are correct; neither does the ZALF Datenerfassung and the BonaRes Data Centre accept any liability whatsoever for any error, missing data or omission in the data, or for any loss or damage arising from its use. The ZALF Datenerfassung and BonaRes Data Centre will not be responsible for any direct or indirect use which might be made of the data.", "updated": "2025-10-02", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2025-09-29", "language": "eng", "title": "Survey of farmers on (perception of) biodiversity management in agriculture in ten European countries", "description": "We conducted a large-scale survey among farmers in ten countries across Europe (Estonia, France, Hungary, Portugal, Romania, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, the Netherlands, and the UK) to assess their viewpoints on biodiversity (management) in agriculture. We collected basic data on agricultural structure and farm management, including biodiversity innovations and other practices promoting biodiversity, the awareness and knowledge of farmers on the relevance of biodiversity for their economic and ecological performance and perceptions to achieve biodiversity targets based on stated preferences. The relevant sections of the survey cover farmers\u2019 willingness to: 1) implement biodiversity measures, such as flower strips, hedgerows or extensive grassland management, asking for their motivation, necessary conditions, knowledge, importance of biodiversity outcomes and environmental effectiveness, but also the perceived risks they have; 2) participate agri-environmental schemes to foster biodiversity, including aspects such as biodiversity labelling, spatial connection bonus, advice/information or support through cooperation along the value chain through food hubs; and 3) participate in a new biodiversity business model based on Key Performance Indicators (KPIs). Furthermore, the survey encompasses a spatial experiment on where farmers would place biodiversity measures (hedgerows and flower strips) in the field, accounting for influencing factors such as slope, soil quality, wind, proximity to streets, forest or pre-existing hedgerows. The survey was conducted online, and supplemented by hard copy questionnaires, face-to-face interviews, and workshops where online contacts to farmers could not be established easily. 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Reports, articles, papers, scientific and non - scientific works of any form, including tables, maps, or any other kind of output, in printed or electronic form, based in whole or in part on the data supplied, must contain an acknowledgement of the form: \"Data reused from the BonaRes Data Centre www.bonares.de. This data were created as part of the ZALF Datenerfassung's research activities.\" Although every care has been taken in preparing and testing the data, the ZALF Datenerfassung and the BonaRes Data Centre cannot guarantee that the data are correct; neither does the ZALF Datenerfassung and the BonaRes Data Centre accept any liability whatsoever for any error, missing data or omission in the data, or for any loss or damage arising from its use. 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Geoderma 148, 189-199.\n\nThe use of data and content must comply with the disclaimer formulated by the \u00a9 European Commission,\nhttps://commission.europa.eu/legal-notice_en and the License CC-BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Copyright holder: European Environment Agency (EEA).", "updated": "2025-10-09T10:40:19.162048Z", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2007-09-28", "language": "eng", "title": "Zinc (Zn) concentration in topsoils, Sep. 2007", "description": "Maps of estimated total zinc concentrations in soils using 1588 geo-referenced topsoil samples from the FOREGS Geochemical database. The concentrations were interpolated using block regression-kriging over the 26 European countries that contributed to the database. \n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tHeavy metal contents are expressed in mg kg-1.\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tThis metadata record is adapted from the orginal one received from JRC.", "formats": [{"name": "AAIGrid"}, {"name": "EEA:FOLDERPATH"}, {"name": "WWW:URL"}, {"name": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link"}], "keywords": ["Soil", "soil", "zinc", "heavy metal", "Chemicals", "Pollution", "Environmental health impacts", "Soil", "EU28 (2013-2020)", "Albania", "Norway", "Switzerland"], "distancevalue": "5", "distanceuom": "km", "edition": "01.00"}, "links": [{"href": "https://sdi.eea.europa.eu/webdav/datastore/public/jrc_r_3035_5_km_esdb-hm-zn_p_1997-2007_v01_r00/", "name": "asc format", "protocol": "EEA:FOLDERPATH", "rel": "download"}, {"href": "https://sdi.eea.europa.eu/data/20d94142-253b-467d-82dc-0bf13fba7e7e", "name": "Direct download", "protocol": "WWW:URL", "rel": "download"}, {"href": "http://eusoils.jrc.ec.europa.eu/library/esdac/Esdac_DetailData2.cfm?id=9", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link", "rel": "information"}, {"href": "http://eusoils.jrc.ec.europa.eu/foregshmc/", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link", "rel": "download"}, {"href": "https://sdi.eea.europa.eu/public/catalogue-graphic-overview/20d94142-253b-467d-82dc-0bf13fba7e7e.png", "name": "preview", "description": "Web image thumbnail (URL)", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--image-thumbnail", "rel": "preview"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "20d94142-253b-467d-82dc-0bf13fba7e7e", "name": "item", "description": "20d94142-253b-467d-82dc-0bf13fba7e7e", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/20d94142-253b-467d-82dc-0bf13fba7e7e"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"interval": ["1997-01-01T00:00:00Z", "2007-12-31T00:00:00Z"]}}, {"id": "7a9764ac-c2b4-4953-9ef0-969d621d4d9b", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[-10.58, 34.56], [-10.58, 72.0], [32.0, 72.0], [32.0, 34.56], [-10.58, 34.56]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "geoscientificInformation"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Soil"}], "scheme": "GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "arsenic"}, {"id": "soil"}, {"id": "heavy metal"}], "scheme": "GEMET"}, {"concepts": [], "scheme": "http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/metadata-codelist/SpatialScope"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Pollution"}, {"id": "Environmental health impacts"}, {"id": "Chemicals"}, {"id": "Soil"}], "scheme": "EEA topics"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "EU28 (2013-2020)"}, {"id": "Albania"}, {"id": "Norway"}, {"id": "Switzerland"}], "scheme": "Continents, countries, sea regions of the world."}], "rights": "Please cite as:\nReference: Rodriguez Lado, L., Hengl, T., Reuter, H.I., (2008) Heavy metals in European soils: a geostatistical analysis of the FOREGS Geochemical database. Geoderma 148, 189-199.\n\nThe use of data and content must comply with the disclaimer formulated by the \u00a9 European Commission,\nhttps://commission.europa.eu/legal-notice_en and the EEA standard re-use policy: unless otherwise indicated, re-use of content on the EEA website for commercial or non-commercial purposes is permitted free of charge, provided that the source is acknowledged (http://www.eea.europa.eu/legal/copyright). Copyright holder: European Environment Agency (EEA).", "updated": "2023-03-29T14:34:32.201Z", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2007-09-28", "language": "eng", "title": "Arsenic (As) concentration in topsoils, Sep. 2007", "description": "Maps of estimated total arsenic concentrations in soils using 1588 geo-referenced topsoil samples from the FOREGS Geochemical database. The concentrations were interpolated using block regression-kriging over the 26 European countries that contributed to the database. \n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tHeavy metal contents are expressed in mg kg-1.\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tThis metadata record is adapted from the orginal one received from JRC.", "formats": [{"name": "AAIGrid"}, {"name": "EEA:FOLDERPATH"}, {"name": "WWW:URL"}, {"name": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link"}], "keywords": ["Soil", "arsenic", "soil", "heavy metal", "Pollution", "Environmental health impacts", "Chemicals", "Soil", "EU28 (2013-2020)", "Albania", "Norway", "Switzerland"], "distancevalue": "5", "distanceuom": "km", "edition": "01.00"}, "links": [{"href": "https://sdi.eea.europa.eu/webdav/datastore/public/jrc_r_3035_5_km_esdb-hm-as_p_1997-2007_v01_r00/", "protocol": "EEA:FOLDERPATH", "rel": "download"}, {"href": "https://sdi.eea.europa.eu/data/7a9764ac-c2b4-4953-9ef0-969d621d4d9b", "name": "Direct download (Eionet authentication)", "protocol": "WWW:URL", "rel": "download"}, {"href": "http://eusoils.jrc.ec.europa.eu/library/esdac/Esdac_DetailData2.cfm?id=9", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link", "rel": "information"}, {"href": "http://eusoils.jrc.ec.europa.eu/foregshmc/", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link", "rel": "download"}, {"href": "https://sdi.eea.europa.eu/public/catalogue-graphic-overview/7a9764ac-c2b4-4953-9ef0-969d621d4d9b.png", "name": "preview", "description": "Web image thumbnail (URL)", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--image-thumbnail", "rel": "preview"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "7a9764ac-c2b4-4953-9ef0-969d621d4d9b", "name": "item", "description": "7a9764ac-c2b4-4953-9ef0-969d621d4d9b", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/7a9764ac-c2b4-4953-9ef0-969d621d4d9b"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"interval": ["1997-01-01T00:00:00Z", "2007-12-31T00:00:00Z"]}}, {"id": "6e63520a-598a-4051-ba52-a995d5080021", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[-10.58, 34.56], [-10.58, 72.0], [32.0, 72.0], [32.0, 34.56], [-10.58, 34.56]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "geoscientificInformation"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Soil"}], "scheme": "GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "soil"}, {"id": "heavy metal"}, {"id": "cadmium"}], "scheme": "GEMET"}, {"concepts": [], "scheme": "http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/metadata-codelist/SpatialScope"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Chemicals"}, {"id": "Soil"}, {"id": "Environmental health impacts"}, {"id": "Pollution"}], "scheme": "EEA topics"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "EU28 (2013-2020)"}, {"id": "Albania"}, {"id": "Norway"}, {"id": "Switzerland"}], "scheme": "Continents, countries, sea regions of the world."}], "rights": "Please cite as:\nReference: Rodriguez Lado, L., Hengl, T., Reuter, H.I., (2008) Heavy metals in European soils: a geostatistical analysis of the FOREGS Geochemical database. Geoderma 148, 189-199.\n\nThe use of data and content must comply with the disclaimer formulated by the \u00a9 European Commission,\nhttps://commission.europa.eu/legal-notice_en and the License CC-BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Copyright holder: European Environment Agency (EEA).", "updated": "2025-10-09T10:56:38.608497Z", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2007-09-28", "language": "eng", "title": "Cadmium (Cd) concentration in topsoils, Sep. 2007", "description": "Maps of estimated total cadmium concentrations in soils using 1588 geo-referenced topsoil samples from the FOREGS Geochemical database. The concentrations were interpolated using block regression-kriging over the 26 European countries that contributed to the database. \n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tHeavy metal contents are expressed in mg kg-1.\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tThis metadata record is adapted from the orginal one received from JRC.", "formats": [{"name": "AAIGrid"}, {"name": "EEA:FOLDERPATH"}, {"name": "WWW:URL"}, {"name": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link"}], "keywords": ["Soil", "soil", "heavy metal", "cadmium", "Chemicals", "Soil", "Environmental health impacts", "Pollution", "EU28 (2013-2020)", "Albania", "Norway", "Switzerland"], "distancevalue": "5", "distanceuom": "km", "edition": "01.00"}, "links": [{"href": "https://sdi.eea.europa.eu/webdav/datastore/public/jrc_r_3035_5_km_esdb-hm-cd_p_1997-2007_v01_r00/", "protocol": "EEA:FOLDERPATH", "rel": "download"}, {"href": "https://sdi.eea.europa.eu/data/6e63520a-598a-4051-ba52-a995d5080021", "name": "Direct download", "protocol": "WWW:URL", "rel": "download"}, {"href": "http://eusoils.jrc.ec.europa.eu/library/esdac/Esdac_DetailData2.cfm?id=9", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link", "rel": "information"}, {"href": "http://eusoils.jrc.ec.europa.eu/foregshmc/", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link", "rel": "download"}, {"href": "https://sdi.eea.europa.eu/public/catalogue-graphic-overview/6e63520a-598a-4051-ba52-a995d5080021.png", "name": "preview", "description": "Web image thumbnail (URL)", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--image-thumbnail", "rel": "preview"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "6e63520a-598a-4051-ba52-a995d5080021", "name": "item", "description": "6e63520a-598a-4051-ba52-a995d5080021", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/6e63520a-598a-4051-ba52-a995d5080021"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"interval": ["1997-01-01T00:00:00Z", "2007-12-31T00:00:00Z"]}}, {"id": "b6bc1da3-e30a-40f8-a930-9003b7fa338c", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[-10.58, 34.56], [-10.58, 72.0], [32.0, 72.0], [32.0, 34.56], [-10.58, 34.56]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "geoscientificInformation"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Soil"}], "scheme": "GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "soil"}, {"id": "chromium"}, {"id": "heavy metal"}], "scheme": "GEMET"}, {"concepts": [], "scheme": "http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/metadata-codelist/SpatialScope"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Chemicals"}, {"id": "Soil"}, {"id": "Environmental health impacts"}, {"id": "Pollution"}], "scheme": "EEA topics"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Norway"}, {"id": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "Albania"}, {"id": "EU28 (2013-2020)"}], "scheme": "Continents, countries, sea regions of the world."}], "rights": "Please cite as:\nReference: Rodriguez Lado, L., Hengl, T., Reuter, H.I., (2008) Heavy metals in European soils: a geostatistical analysis of the FOREGS Geochemical database. Geoderma 148, 189-199.\n\nThe use of data and content must comply with the disclaimer formulated by the \u00a9 European Commission,\nhttps://commission.europa.eu/legal-notice_en and the EEA standard re-use policy: unless otherwise indicated, re-use of content on the EEA website for commercial or non-commercial purposes is permitted free of charge, provided that the source is acknowledged (http://www.eea.europa.eu/legal/copyright). Copyright holder: European Environment Agency (EEA).", "updated": "2023-03-29T14:45:34.739Z", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2007-09-28", "language": "eng", "title": "Chromium (Cr) concentration in topsoils, Sep. 2007", "description": "Maps of estimated total chromium concentrations in soils using 1588 geo-referenced topsoil samples from the FOREGS Geochemical database. The concentrations were interpolated using block regression-kriging over the 26 European countries that contributed to the database. \n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tHeavy metal contents are expressed in mg kg-1.\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tThis metadata record is adapted from the orginal one received from JRC.", "formats": [{"name": "AAIGrid"}, {"name": "EEA:FILEPATH"}, {"name": "WWW:URL"}, {"name": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link"}], "keywords": ["Soil", "soil", "chromium", "heavy metal", "Chemicals", "Soil", "Environmental health impacts", "Pollution", "Norway", "Switzerland", "Albania", "EU28 (2013-2020)"], "distancevalue": "5", "distanceuom": "km", "edition": "01.00"}, "links": [{"href": "https://sdi.eea.europa.eu/webdav/datastore/public/jrc_r_3035_5_km_esdb-hm-cr_p_1997-2007_v01_r00/", "protocol": "EEA:FILEPATH", "rel": "download"}, {"href": "https://sdi.eea.europa.eu/data/b6bc1da3-e30a-40f8-a930-9003b7fa338c", "name": "Direct download", "protocol": "WWW:URL", "rel": "download"}, {"href": "http://eusoils.jrc.ec.europa.eu/library/esdac/Esdac_DetailData2.cfm?id=9", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link", "rel": "information"}, {"href": "http://eusoils.jrc.ec.europa.eu/foregshmc/", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link", "rel": "download"}, {"href": "https://sdi.eea.europa.eu/public/catalogue-graphic-overview/b6bc1da3-e30a-40f8-a930-9003b7fa338c.png", "name": "preview", "description": "Web image thumbnail (URL)", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--image-thumbnail", "rel": "preview"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "b6bc1da3-e30a-40f8-a930-9003b7fa338c", "name": "item", "description": "b6bc1da3-e30a-40f8-a930-9003b7fa338c", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/b6bc1da3-e30a-40f8-a930-9003b7fa338c"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"interval": ["1997-01-01T00:00:00Z", "2007-12-31T00:00:00Z"]}}, {"id": "c0865d05-95e7-474e-a721-f2e3b2a27f94", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[-10.58, 34.56], [-10.58, 72.0], [32.0, 72.0], [32.0, 34.56], [-10.58, 34.56]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "geoscientificInformation"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Soil"}], "scheme": "GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "soil"}, {"id": "copper"}, {"id": "heavy metal"}], "scheme": "GEMET"}, {"concepts": [], "scheme": "http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/metadata-codelist/SpatialScope"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Chemicals"}, {"id": "Soil"}, {"id": "Pollution"}, {"id": "Environmental health impacts"}], "scheme": "EEA topics"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "EU28 (2013-2020)"}, {"id": "Albania"}, {"id": "Norway"}, {"id": "Switzerland"}], "scheme": "Continents, countries, sea regions of the world."}], "rights": "Please cite as:\nReference: Rodriguez Lado, L., Hengl, T., Reuter, H.I., (2008) Heavy metals in European soils: a geostatistical analysis of the FOREGS Geochemical database. Geoderma 148, 189-199.\n\nThe use of data and content must comply with the disclaimer formulated by the \u00a9 European Commission,\nhttps://commission.europa.eu/legal-notice_en and the EEA standard re-use policy: unless otherwise indicated, re-use of content on the EEA website for commercial or non-commercial purposes is permitted free of charge, provided that the source is acknowledged (http://www.eea.europa.eu/legal/copyright). Copyright holder: European Environment Agency (EEA).", "updated": "2023-03-29T14:46:29.449Z", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2007-09-28", "language": "eng", "title": "Copper (Cu) concentration in topsoils, Sep. 2007", "description": "Maps of estimated total copper concentrations in soils using 1588 geo-referenced topsoil samples from the FOREGS Geochemical database. The concentrations were interpolated using block regression-kriging over the 26 European countries that contributed to the database. \n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tHeavy metal contents are expressed in mg kg-1.\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tThis metadata record is adapted from the orginal one received from JRC.", "formats": [{"name": "AAIGrid"}, {"name": "EEA:FILEPATH"}, {"name": "WWW:URL"}, {"name": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link"}], "keywords": ["Soil", "soil", "copper", "heavy metal", "Chemicals", "Soil", "Pollution", "Environmental health impacts", "EU28 (2013-2020)", "Albania", "Norway", "Switzerland"], "distancevalue": "5", "distanceuom": "km", "edition": "01.00"}, "links": [{"href": "https://sdi.eea.europa.eu/webdav/datastore/public/jrc_r_3035_5_km_esdb-hm-cu_p_1997-2007_v01_r00/", "protocol": "EEA:FILEPATH", "rel": "download"}, {"href": "https://sdi.eea.europa.eu/data/c0865d05-95e7-474e-a721-f2e3b2a27f94", "name": "Direct download (Eionet authentication)", "protocol": "WWW:URL", "rel": "download"}, {"href": "http://eusoils.jrc.ec.europa.eu/library/esdac/Esdac_DetailData2.cfm?id=9", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link", "rel": "information"}, {"href": "http://eusoils.jrc.ec.europa.eu/foregshmc/", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link", "rel": "download"}, {"href": "https://sdi.eea.europa.eu/public/catalogue-graphic-overview/c0865d05-95e7-474e-a721-f2e3b2a27f94.png", "name": "preview", "description": "Web image thumbnail (URL)", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--image-thumbnail", "rel": "preview"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "c0865d05-95e7-474e-a721-f2e3b2a27f94", "name": "item", "description": "c0865d05-95e7-474e-a721-f2e3b2a27f94", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/c0865d05-95e7-474e-a721-f2e3b2a27f94"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"interval": ["1997-01-01T00:00:00Z", "2007-12-31T00:00:00Z"]}}, {"id": "7e091972-c587-4cd7-b01e-7fd0e7aecf93", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[-10.58, 34.56], [-10.58, 72.0], [32.0, 72.0], [32.0, 34.56], [-10.58, 34.56]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "geoscientificInformation"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Soil"}], "scheme": "GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "soil"}, {"id": "heavy metal"}, {"id": "zinc"}], "scheme": "GEMET"}, {"concepts": [], "scheme": "http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/metadata-codelist/SpatialScope"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Chemicals"}, {"id": "Environmental health impacts"}, {"id": "Pollution"}, {"id": "Soil"}], "scheme": "EEA topics"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "EU28 (2013-2020)"}, {"id": "Albania"}, {"id": "Norway"}, {"id": "Switzerland"}], "scheme": "Continents, countries, sea regions of the world."}], "rights": "Please cite as:\nReference: Rodriguez Lado, L., Hengl, T., Reuter, H.I., (2008) Heavy metals in European soils: a geostatistical analysis of the FOREGS Geochemical database. Geoderma 148, 189-199.\n\nThe use of data and content must comply with the disclaimer formulated by the \u00a9 European Commission,\nhttps://commission.europa.eu/legal-notice_en and the License CC-BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Copyright holder: European Environment Agency (EEA).", "updated": "2023-03-29T14:48:18.009Z", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2007-09-28", "language": "eng", "title": "Nickel (Ni) concentration in topsoils, Sep. 2007", "description": "Maps of estimated total nickel concentrations in soils using 1588 geo-referenced topsoil samples from the FOREGS Geochemical database. 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