Recent laboratory studies revealed that root hairs may alter soil physical behaviour, influencing soil porosity and water retention on the small scale. However, the results are not consistent, and it is not known if structural changes at the small-scale have impacts at larger scales. Therefore, we evaluated the potential effects of root hairs on soil hydro-mechanical properties in the field using rhizosphere-scale physical measurements.
MethodsChanges in soil water retention properties as well as mechanical and hydraulic characteristics were monitored in both silt loam and sandy loam soils. Measurements were taken from plant establishment to harvesting in field trials, comparing three barley genotypes representing distinct phenotypic categories in relation to root hair length. Soil hardness and elasticity were measured using a 3-mm-diameter spherical indenter, while water sorptivity and repellency were measured using a miniaturized infiltrometer with a 0.4-mm tip radius.
ResultsOver the growing season, plants induced changes in the soil water retention properties, with the plant available water increasing by 21%. Both soil hardness (P\uffe2\uff80\uff89=\uffe2\uff80\uff890.031) and elasticity (P\uffe2\uff80\uff89=\uffe2\uff80\uff890.048) decreased significantly in the presence of root hairs in silt loam soil, by 50% and 36%, respectively. Root hairs also led to significantly smaller water repellency (P\uffe2\uff80\uff89=\uffe2\uff80\uff890.007) in sandy loam soil vegetated with the hairy genotype (-49%) compared to the hairless mutant.
ConclusionsBreeding of cash crops for improved soil conditions could be achieved by selecting root phenotypes that ameliorate soil physical properties and therefore contribute to increased soil health.
", "keywords": ["/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1100/1111", "0106 biological sciences", "Supplementary Data", "QH301 Biology", "/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1100/1110", "Soil Science", "Rural and Environmental Science and Analytical Services (RESAS)", "Plant Science", "01 natural sciences", "630", "QH301", "BBSRC BB/L025825/1", "Barley", "Soil health", "Soil structure", "Root hairs", "Soil hydromechanical properties", "BB/L025620/1", "580", "2. Zero hunger", "name=Soil Science", "ERCDMR-646809", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Soil water retention", "BBSRC BB/J00868/1", "6. Clean water", "Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Other", "name=Plant Science", "Research Article"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/484590/2/s11104_022_05530_1.pdf"}, {"href": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11104-022-05530-1.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-022-05530-1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-022-05530-1", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-022-05530-1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-022-05530-1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-06-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-012-1314-4", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-07-06", "title": "The Effect Of Elevated Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Concentration On The Contribution Of Residual Legume And Fertilizer Nitrogen To A Subsequent Wheat Crop", "description": "This study investigated the residual contribution of legume and fertilizer nitrogen (N) to a subsequent crop under the effect of elevated carbon dioxide concentration ([CO2]). Field pea (Pisum sativum L.) was labeled in situ with 15N (by absorption of a 15N-labeled urea solution through cut tendrils) under ambient and elevated (700\u00a0\u03bcmol mol\u20131) [CO2] in controlled environment glasshouse chambers. Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and its soil were also labeled under the same conditions by addition of 15N-enriched urea to the soil. Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was subsequently grown to physiological maturity on the soil containing either 15N-labeled field pea residues (including 15N-labeled rhizodeposits) or 15N-labeled barley plus fertilizer 15N residues. Elevated [CO2] increased the total biomass of field pea (21\u00a0%) and N-fertilized barley (23\u00a0%), but did not significantly affect the biomass of unfertilized barley. Elevated [CO2] increased the C:N ratio of residues of field pea (18\u00a0%) and N-fertilized barley (19\u00a0%), but had no significant effect on that of unfertilized barley. Elevated [CO2] increased total biomass (11\u00a0%) and grain yield (40\u00a0%) of subsequent wheat crop regardless of rotation type in the first phase. Irrespective of [CO2], the grain yield and total N uptake by wheat following field pea were 24\u00a0% and 11\u00a0%, respectively, higher than those of the wheat following N-fertilized barley. The residual N contribution from field pea to wheat was 20\u00a0% under ambient [CO2], but dropped to 11\u00a0% under elevated [CO2], while that from fertilizer did not differ significantly between ambient [CO2] (4\u00a0%) and elevated [CO2] (5\u00a0%). The relative value of legume derived N to subsequent cereals may be reduced under elevated [CO2]. However, compared to N fertilizer application, legume incorporation will be more beneficial to grain yield and N supply to subsequent cereals under future (elevated [CO2]) climates.", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "03 medical and health sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "630"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-012-1314-4"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-012-1314-4", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-012-1314-4", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-012-1314-4"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-07-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-012-1248-x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-05-04", "title": "Effects Of Simulated Drought And Nitrogen Fertilizer On Plant Productivity And Nitrous Oxide (N2o) Emissions Of Two Pastures", "description": "Open AccessISSN:0032-079X", "keywords": ["Soil acidity", "Drought", "Soil microbial C and N", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Grassland", "Nitrification", "10127 Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies", "Grazing", "Greenhouse gases", "Summer drought", "13. Climate action", "1110 Plant Science", "Denitrification", "570 Life sciences; biology", "590 Animals (Zoology)", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Compensatory growth; Denitrification; Drought; Grassland; Grazing; Greenhouse gases; Soil microbial C and N; Soil acidity; Nitrification; Summer drought", "Compensatory growth", "1111 Soil Science"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-012-1248-x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-012-1248-x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-012-1248-x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-012-1248-x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-05-05T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-012-1251-2", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-04-30", "title": "Soil Carbon Sequestration Potential Of Willows In Short-Rotation Coppice Established On Abandoned Farm Lands", "description": "Aims We carried out a paired-site study (Melanic Brunisol) to assess the impact on soil carbon stocks of land-use change following establishment and multiple rotations of willows (Salix miyabeana SX67) in short-rotation coppice (SRWC).", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Alfalfa; C sequestration; Carbon sink; Cropping systems; Salix; SRWC;", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Short rotation forestry", " Willow", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-012-1251-2"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-012-1251-2", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-012-1251-2", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-012-1251-2"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-012-1261-0", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-05-07", "title": "Drivers Of Increased Soil Respiration In A Poplar Coppice Exposed To Elevated Co2", "description": "The response of soil respiration (SR) to elevated CO2 is driven by a number of processes and feedbacks. This work aims to i) detect the effect of elevated CO2 on soil respiration during the second rotation of a short rotation forest, at two levels of N availability; and ii) identify the main drivers behind any changes in soil respiration. A poplar plantation (POP-EUROFACE) was grown for two rotations of 3\u00a0years under elevated CO2 maintained by a FACE (Free Air CO2 Enrichment) technique. Root biomass, litter production and soil respiration were followed for two consecutive years after coppice. In the plantation, the stimulation of fine root and litter production under elevated CO2 observed at the beginning of the rotation declined over time. Soil respiration (SR) was continuously stimulated by elevated CO2, with a much larger enhancement during the growing (up to 111\u00a0%) than in the dormant season (40\u00a0%). The SR increase at first appeared to be due to the increase in fine root biomass, but at the end of the 2nd rotation was supported by litter decomposition and the availability of labile C. Soil respiration increase under elevated CO2 was not affected by N availability. The stimulation of SR by elevated CO2 was sustained by the decomposition of above and belowground litter and by the greater availability of easily decomposable substrates into the soil. In the final year as elevated CO2 did not increase C allocation to roots, the higher SR suggests greater C losses from the soil, thus reducing the potential for C accumulation.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-012-1261-0"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-012-1261-0", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-012-1261-0", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-012-1261-0"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-05-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-012-1416-z", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-08-25", "title": "Interacting Effects Of Wildfire Severity And Liming On Nutrient Cycling In A Southern Appalachian Wilderness Area", "description": "Aims Wilderness and other natural areas are threatened by large-scale disturbances (e.g., wildfire), air pollution, climate change, exotic diseases or pests, and a combination of these stress factors (i.e., stress complexes). Linville Gorge Wilderness (LGW) is one example of a high elevation wilderness in the southern Appalachian region that has been subject to stress complexes including chronic acidic deposition and several wildfires, varying in intensity and extent. Soils in LGW are inherently acidic with low base cation concentrations and decades of acidic deposition have contributed to low pH, based saturation, and Ca:Al ratio. We hypothesized that wildfires that occurred in LGW followed by liming burned areas would accelerate the restoration of acidic, nutrient depleted soils. Because soils at LGW had extremely low concentrations of exchangeable Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ dolomitic lime was applied to further boost these cations. We evaluated the effectiveness of dolomitic lime application in restoring exchangeable Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ and subsequently increasing pH and Ca:Al ratio of soils and making Ca and Mg available to recovering vegetation. Methods Five treatment areas were established: severely burned twice (2000 & 2007) with dolomitic lime application (2xSBL); moderately burned twice with lime application (2xMBL); severely burned twice, unlimed (2xSB); moderately burned once (2000), unlimed (1xMB); and a reference area (REF; unburned, unlimed). In 2008 and 2009, we measured overstory, understory, and ground-layer vegetation; forest floor mass and nutrients; and soil and soil solution chemistry within each treatment area. Results All wildfire burned sites experienced substantial overstory mortality. However, understory biomass doubled between sample years on the most recently burned sites due to the rapid regrowth of ericaceous shrubs and prolific sprouting of deciduous trees. Burning followed by lime application (2xSBL and 2xMBL) significantly increased shallow soil solution NO3-N, but we found no soil solution NO3-N response to burning alone (2xSB and 1xMB). Surface soil base saturation and exchangeable Ca 2+ were significantly affected by liming; Ca 2+ concentrations were greater on 2xMBL and 2xSBL than 2xSB, 1xMB and REF.", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "James M. Vose, William A. Jackson, Jennifer D. Knoepp, Katherine J. Elliott,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-012-1416-z"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-012-1416-z", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-012-1416-z", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-012-1416-z"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-08-26T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-012-1327-z", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-06-14", "title": "Allocation And Dynamics Of Assimilated Carbon In Rice-Soil System Depending On Water Management", "description": "Although water conservation in rice production has become increasingly important, the effects of water management on the allocation and dynamics of carbon (C) within the rice-soil system remain unknown. We compared the allocation and dynamics of C assimilated by rice under continuously flooded, non-flooded and alternate water regimes. Rice (Oryza sative L. cv. Luliangyou 996) was labeled with 14CO2 and harvested 7 times within 45\u00a0days. More 14C was released from roots into the soil in non-flooded and alternate water regimes treatments. Microbial 14C decreased with time after the labeling and was lowest under flooded condition. Roots and rhizomicrobial respiration followed the order of non-flooded > alternate water regimes > flooded treatment. Water management affected 14C distribution in aggregates with more 14C in macroaggregates in the non-flooded treatment. Estimated amounts of C transferred remaining belowground by rice 45\u00a0days after labeling were 1,986, 2,827 and 2,472\u00a0kg\u00a0C\u2009ha\u22121, of which rhizodeposition accounted for about 41\u00a0%, 16\u00a0% and 30\u00a0% of C transferred belowground under non-flooded, flooded and alternate water regimes, respectively. Water management affected the allocation and dynamics of recently assimilated C within the rice-soil system and also changed the relative contribution of rhizodeposition to C transferred belowground. This study suggests the differences in the driving mechanisms of C sequestration under flooded vs. non-flooded and alternate water regimes.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-012-1327-z"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-012-1327-z", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-012-1327-z", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-012-1327-z"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-06-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-012-1351-z", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-07-12", "title": "Nitrogen Deposition And Soil Carbon Content Affect Nitrogen Mineralization During Primary Succession In Acid Inland Drift Sand Vegetation", "description": "Background and aimsPollution by plastic and microplastic impacts the environment globally. Knowledge on the ageing mechanisms of plastics in natural settings is needed to understand their environmental fate and interaction with biota. The study of physicochemical and biological ageing is gaining focus in the context of the environmental sciences. However experimental research has typically assessed individual ageing processes, isolating them from a more realistic and complex environmental context where multiple factors are simultaneously at play. An over-simplistic approach can limit the comprehension of the phenomenon and prevent ranking the prevalent processes. In this study we propose a multi-tiered approach to study the environmental ageing of polyethylene plastic fragments focusing on the combined assessment of physical and biological processes, in sequence. The ageing protocol included Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation in air and in a range of water solutions, followed by a biofouling test. Changes in surface characteristics were assessed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. UV irradiation both in air and water caused a significant increase in the density of oxidized groups on plastic surface, whereby water solution chemistry influenced the process both by modulating surface oxidation and morphology. Biofouling too, was a strong determinant of surface alterations, regardless the prior irradiation treatments. This suggests that biological-driven alterations are not affected by the level of chemical-physical ageing and may represent, in real settings, a main driver of alteration of both weathered and pristine plastics. This work highlights the potential pivotal role of biofouling as a main process of plastic ageing, providing useful technical insights for future experimental works. These results also confirms that a multi-tiered experimental approach is necessary for a complete characterization of the environmental ageing of plastics.
", "keywords": ["Polyethylene", "13. Climate action", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Water", "02 engineering and technology", "Plastics", "01 natural sciences", "Ecosystem", "Water Pollutants", " Chemical", "Research Article", "Environmental Monitoring", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11356-022-22599-4.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-22599-4"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Science%20and%20Pollution%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11356-022-22599-4", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11356-022-22599-4", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11356-022-22599-4"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-05-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-012-1412-3", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-08-25", "title": "Contrasting Effects Of Manure And Green Waste Biochars On The Properties Of An Acidic Ferralsol And Productivity Of A Subtropical Pasture", "description": "Background and Aim We hypothesised that amending an acidic ferralsol with biochar would improve the productivity of a subtropical dairy pasture via reducing soil acidity related constraints and result in improved nitrogen use efficiency. We examined two contrasting biochars with different carbon, nutrient content and acid neutralising values.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-012-1412-3"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-012-1412-3", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-012-1412-3", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-012-1412-3"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-08-26T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-012-1341-1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-07-14", "title": "Harvest Residue Management Effects On Tree Growth And Ecosystem Carbon In A Chinese Fir Plantation In Subtropical China", "description": "This study aimed to determine the influence of different harvest residue management strategies on tree growth, soil carbon (C) concentrations, soil nitrogen (N) availability and ecosystem C stocks 15\u00a0years after replanting second rotation Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata), an important plantation species in subtropical China. Such information is needed for designing improved management strategies for reforestation programmes in subtropical environments aimed at mitigating CO2 emissions. Four harvest residue management treatments including slash burning, whole tree, stem-only and double residue retention were applied to sixteen 20\u00a0m\u2009\u00d7\u200930\u00a0m plots in a randomized complete block design with four replicates. Tree growth was measured annually and soil properties were measured at 3\u00a0year intervals over a 15\u00a0year period after re-planting. Cumulative diameter growth at age 15\u00a0years was significantly smaller in the slash burning than the whole tree and double residue harvest treatments. Hot water extractable N concentrations increased with the increased organic residue retention levels and significant differences were observed between double residue and slash burning treatments. Harvest residue management had no significant effect on the soil C concentrations to 40\u00a0cm depth. ANOVA showed that harvest residue management had no significant effect on total biomass carbon at age 15, but the plantation ecosystem (soil C at 0\u201340\u00a0cm depth plus forest biomass C) had significantly lower C mass in the slash burning treatment compared with whole tree, stem only harvest and double residue harvest treatments. These observations suggest that organic residue retention during the harvesting could improve the growth and ecosystem C stocks of Chinese fir in second rotation forest plantations in subtropical China and highlight the importance of viewing the ecosystem as a whole when evaluating the impact of harvest residue management on C stocks.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-012-1341-1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-012-1341-1", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-012-1341-1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-012-1341-1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-07-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-012-1383-4", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-07-27", "title": "Nitrogen Dynamics Following Field Application Of Biochar In A Temperate North American Maize-Based Production System", "description": "Biochar additions to tropical soils have been shown to reduce N leaching and increase N use efficiency. No studies exist verifying reduced N leaching in field experiments on temperate agricultural soils or identifying the mechanism for N retention. Biochar derived from maize stover was applied to a maize cropping system in central New York State at rates of 0, 1, 3, 12, and 30\u00a0t\u2009ha-1 in 2007. Secondary N fertilizer was added at 100, 90, 70, and 50\u00a0% of the recommended rate (108\u00a0kg\u00a0N ha-1). Nitrogen fertilizer enriched with 15\u2009N was applied in 2009 to the 0 and 12\u00a0t\u2009ha-1 of biochar at 100 and 50\u00a0% secondary N application. Maize yield and plant N uptake did not change with biochar additions (p\u2009>\u20090.05; n\u2009=\u20093). Less N (by 82\u00a0%; p\u2009<\u20090.05) was lost after biochar application through leaching only at 100\u00a0%\u2009N fertilization. The reason for an observed 140\u00a0% greater retention of applied 15\u2009N in the topsoil may have been the incorporation of added 15\u2009N into microbial biomass which increased approximately three-fold which warrants further research. The low leaching of applied fertilizer 15\u2009N (0.42\u00a0% of applied N; p\u2009<\u20090.05) and comparatively high recovery of applied 15\u2009N in the soil (39\u00a0%) after biochar additions after one cropping season may also indicate greater overall N retention through lower gaseous or erosion N losses with biochar. Addition of biochar to fertile soil in a temperate climate did not improve crop growth or N use efficiency, but increased retention of fertilizer N in the topsoil.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-012-1383-4"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-012-1383-4", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-012-1383-4", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-012-1383-4"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-07-28T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-012-1399-9", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-08-08", "title": "Interactive Effects Of Selenium And Antimony On The Uptake Of Selenium, Antimony And Essential Elements In Paddy-Rice", "description": "Selenium (Se) can be used to detoxify antimony (Sb); however, the associated mechanisms are not fully understood, in particular, the responses of essential elements to co-exposure to Se and Sb. To resolve the above question, two nested hydroponic experiments based on a two-factor, five-level central composite design, were performed using a conventional indica rice (Fengmeizhan). The results showed that when the Se concentration was fixed at 0.8\u00a0mg\u00a0L-1, the addition of Sb, even at concentrations as low as 2.171\u00a0mg\u00a0L-1, could produce damages to this plant and significantly reduce both the aboveground and root biomasses, suggesting a high toxicity of Sb to this plant. However, when the Sb concentration was fixed at 5\u00a0mg\u00a0L-1, Se eliminated the negative effects of Sb on the aboveground growth of paddy-rice but did not noticeably affect the root biomass, suggesting a beneficial role of Se in conferring resistance to Sb toxicity in paddy-rice. Interestingly, when the Se concentration was fixed at 0.8\u00a0mg\u00a0L-1, the addition of Sb caused a consistent decrease in the Se concentration in the roots but a slight increase in the Se concentration in the aboveground, suggesting a dual effect of Sb on Se uptake. Furthermore, the addition of Sb could counterbalance the negative effects of 0.8\u00a0mg\u00a0L-1 Se on the uptake of most of the tested essential elements, significantly increased their concentrations in the different tissues of this plant. The Se-mediated alleviation of Sb toxicity could be closely connected with (1) the direct inhibition of Sb uptake; and (2) the uptake regulation of some essential elements, such as calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and potassium (K). This study contributes to the understanding of both the the interactions between Se and Sb and their effects on the uptake of essential elements in paddy-rice.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-012-1399-9"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-012-1399-9", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-012-1399-9", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-012-1399-9"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-08-09T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-012-1411-4", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-08-14", "title": "Biochar Application Reduces Nodulation But Increases Nitrogenase Activity In Clover", "description": "Background and aims: Biochar is produced from the pyrolysis of organic materials, and when buried in soil can act as a long term soil carbon (C) store. Evidence suggests that biochar can also increase crop yields, reduce nutrient leaching and increase biological nitrogen fixation in leguminous plants. However, the potential for increasing biological N2 fixation in agroecosystems is poorly understood, with inconsistent reports of root nodulation following biochar application. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of biochar application rate and time since application on nodulation and nitrogenase activity in nodules of clover grown in a temperate agricultural soil. Methods: We used replicated field plots with three biochar application rates (0, 25 and 50 t ha-1). Three years after biochar amendment, the plots were further split and fresh biochar added at two different rates (25 and 50 t ha-1) resulting in double-loaded reapplications of 25 + 25 and 50 + 50 t ha-1. Results: Three years after biochar application, there was no significant difference in the total number of root nodules between biochar-amended and unamended soil, regardless of the application rate. However, despite clover root nodules being of a similar number and size the level of nitrogenase activity of individual nodules in biochar-amended soil was significantly higher than in unamended soil. Reapplication of biochar resulted in decreased nodulation, although the rate of nitrogenase activity per nodule remained unaffected. Conclusion: In the short term, biochar influences root nodule number and localised N2 fixation per nodule; however, total nitrogenase activity for the whole root system remained unaffected by the application rate of biochar or time since its application. These results emphasise the importance of long-term field studies, with a variety of applications rates for determining the influence of biochar applications on N2-fixing organisms and in providing data that can meaningfully inform agronomic management decisions and climate change mitigation strategies.", "keywords": ["Carbon sequestration", "2. Zero hunger", "Climate change mitigation", "Legume-Rhizobia symbiosis", "13. Climate action", "Black nitrogen", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Biological nitrogen fixation", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "630", "Long term biochar trial", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://dspace.stir.ac.uk/bitstream/1893/18417/1/Plant%20Soil%202013.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-012-1411-4"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-012-1411-4", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-012-1411-4", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-012-1411-4"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-08-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-012-1443-9", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-09-15", "title": "Spatial Distribution Of The Soil Organic Carbon Pool In A Holm Oak Dehesa In Spain", "description": "Aims Dehesas are agroforestry systems characterized by scattered trees among pastures, crops and/or fallows. A study at a Spanish dehesa has been carried out to estimate the spatial distribution of the soil organic carbon stock and to assess the influence of the tree cover. Methods The soil organic carbon stock was estimated from the five uppermost cm of the mineral soil with high spatial resolution at two plots with different grazing intensities. The Universal Kriging technique was used to assess the spatial distribution of the soil organic carbon stocks, using tree coverage within a buffering area as an auxiliary variable. Results A significant positive correlation between tree presence and soil organic carbon stocks up to distances of around 8 m from the trees was found. The tree crown cover within a buffer up to a distance similar to the crown radius around the point absorbed 30 % of the variance in the model for both grazing intensities, but residual variance showed stronger spatial autocorrelation under regular grazing conditions. Conclusions Tree cover increases soil organic carbon stocks, and can be satisfactorily estimated by means of crown parameters. However, other factors are involved in the spatial pattern of the soil organic carbon distribution. Livestock plays an interactive role together with tree presence in soil organic carbon distribution. \u00a9 2012 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/550", "550", "ddc:550", "Agricultura", "Spatial variance partition", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Soil C", "Universal Kriging", "Earth sciences", "Tree effect", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Silvicultura", "Geolog\u00eda", "Agroforestry systems"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-012-1443-9"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-012-1443-9", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-012-1443-9", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-012-1443-9"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-09-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-012-1449-3", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-10-04", "title": "Positive Feedbacks Between Decomposition And Soil Nitrogen Availability Along Fertility Gradients", "description": "Background and aims We determined the relationship between site N supply and decomposition rates with respect to controls exerted by environment, litter chemistry, and fungal colonization. Methods Two reciprocal transplant decomposition experiments were established, one in each of two longterm experiments in oak woodlands in Minnesota, USA: a fire frequency/vegetation gradient, along which soil N availability varies markedly, and a long-term N fertilization experiment. Both experiments used native Quercus ellipsoidalis E.J. Hill and Andropogon gerardii Vitman leaf litter and either root litter or wooden dowels. Results Leaf litter decay rates generally increased with soil N availability in both experiments while belowground litter decayed more slowly with increasing soil N. Litter chemistry differed among litter types, and", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "XXXXXX - Unknown", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-012-1449-3"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-012-1449-3", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-012-1449-3", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-012-1449-3"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-10-05T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-012-1478-y", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-10-10", "title": "Land Use Effects On Erosion And Carbon Storage Of The Rio Chimbo Watershed, Ecuador", "description": "Soil carbon storage is an important component of global carbon cycling. Andean Andisols have high carbon content and are vulnerable to erosion because of agricultural intensification and deforestation. This study examines the effects of land use on erosion and soil carbon storage in the Rio Chimbo watershed of Ecuador. Soil carbon content, age, and erosion estimated from 137Cs inventories was measured along an elevational transect under annual cropping, natural forest, paramo, pasture, and tree plantations. Land use, particularly annual cropping, affected 137Cs levels in the upper soil layers, but did not have an impact on total carbon storage to a depth of 1\u00a0m. Relative erosion rates estimated from 137Cs inventories at sites under annual cropping averaged 27\u00a0t ha\u22121\u2009y\u22121 over the erosion rate of non-cultivated sites. A linear relationship was observed between soil carbon age (determined by 14C levels) and 137Cs levels, where pasture sites had lower 137Cs and older carbon compared to natural forest sites. The effects of land use on soil loss in the Rio Chimbo watershed suggest a loss and/or removal of soil carbon, particularly under annual cropping.", "keywords": ["Carbon sequestration", "2. Zero hunger", "Soil organic matter", "Soil conservation", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Field Scale"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-012-1478-y"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-012-1478-y", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-012-1478-y", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-012-1478-y"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-10-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-012-1547-2", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-12-14", "title": "Snow Cover Manipulation Effects On Microbial Community Structure And Soil Chemistry In A Mountain Bog", "description": "Background and Aims Alterations in snow cover driven by climate change may impact ecosystem functioning, including biogeochemistry and soil (microbial) processes. We elucidated the effects of snow cover manipulation (SCM) on above-and belowground processes in a temperate peatland.", "keywords": ["trends", "2. Zero hunger", "570", "biomass", "tundra soils", "variability", "[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "dynamics", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "forest soil", "freeze-thaw cycles", "Microbial communities; peatland; phosphatase activity; Phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA); Snow cover manipulation; \uf020Winter Ecology", "01 natural sciences", "nitrogen", "13. Climate action", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "climate-change", "rv-coefficient", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/412453/2/Robroek_2013_Plant_and_Soil.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-012-1547-2"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-012-1547-2", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-012-1547-2", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-012-1547-2"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-12-16T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-013-1585-4", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-01-29", "title": "Effect Of Long-Term Tillage And Mineral Phosphorus Fertilization On Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi In A Humid Continental Zone Of Eastern Canada", "description": "Evidence shows that tillage modifies soil properties, especially phosphorus (P) dynamics. Our objective was to disentangle long-term effects of P-fertilization and tillage on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) proliferation and community structure. Changes in the community structure of AMF and in the density of their hyphae and spores induced by moldboard plow (MP) or no till (NT), and fertilization with 0, 17.5, or 35\u00a0kg\u2009P\u2009ha\u22121 were sought in the 0\u201315\u00a0cm and 15\u201330\u00a0cm soil layers after soybean harvest, at a long-term (17\u00a0years) experimental site in a humid continental zone of eastern Canada. The relationships among AMF, soil and plant attributes were examined. The 0\u201315\u00a0cm and 15\u201330\u00a0cm soil layers had different properties under NT, but were similar under MP, after 17\u00a0years, and MP increased soil available P levels. Phosphorus fertilization increased P levels in soil and in soybean. Treatment effects on AMF spore and hyphal density at 0\u201315\u00a0cm were greater than that at 15\u201330\u00a0cm, whereas effects on AMF community structure did not change with soil depths. At 0\u201315\u00a0cm, P-fertilization increased AMF spore density and reduced AMF hyphal density, and MP reduced AMF spore density. A total of eight AMF phylotypes were detected. Phosphorus fertilization reduced AMF phylotype richness and Shannon diversity index. Soil P availability increased under MP and hence the influence of P-fertilization treatments on the frequency of AMF phylotype detection varied with tillage system; it declined with P-fertilization under MP, but increased under NT. Phosphorus fertilization shifts resource partitioning in AMF propagules rather than in their hyphae, and degrades the genetic diversity of AMF in soil; tillage increases soil P availability and hence aggravates the impact of P-fertilization.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Min Sheng, Roger Lalande, Noura Ziadi, Chantal Hamel,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-013-1585-4"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-013-1585-4", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-013-1585-4", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-013-1585-4"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-01-30T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-012-1448-4", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-09-15", "title": "Crop Residue Incorporation Negates The Positive Effect Of Elevated Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Concentration On Wheat Productivity And Fertilizer Nitrogen Recovery", "description": "Rapid increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration ([CO2]) may increase crop residue production and carbon: nitrogen (C:N) ratio. Whether the incorporation of residues produced under elevated [CO2] will limit soil N availability and fertilizer N recovery in the plant is unknown. This study investigated the interaction between crop residue incorporation and elevated [CO2] on the growth, grain yield and the recovery of 15N-labeled fertilizer by wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Yitpi) under controlled environmental conditions. Residue for ambient and elevated [CO2] treatments, obtained from wheat grown previously under ambient and elevated [CO2], respectively, was incorporated into two soils (from a cereal-legume rotation and a cereal-fallow rotation) 1\u00a0month before the sowing of wheat. At the early vegetative stage 15N-labeled granular urea (10.22 atom%) was applied at 50\u00a0kg\u2009N ha\u22121 and the wheat grown to maturity. When residue was not incorporated into the soil, elevated [CO2] increased wheat shoot (16\u00a0%) and root biomass (41\u00a0%), grain yield (19\u00a0%), total N uptake (4\u00a0%) and grain N removal (8\u00a0%). However, the positive [CO2] fertilization effect on these parameters was absent in the soil amended with residue. In the absence of residue, elevated [CO2] increased fertilizer N recovery in the plant (7\u00a0%), but when residue was incorporated elevated [CO2] decreased fertilizer N recovery. A higher fertilizer application rate will be required under future elevated [CO2] atmospheres to replenish the extra N removed in grains from cropping systems if no residue is incorporated, or to facilitate the [CO2] fertilization effect on grain yield by overcoming N immobilization resulting from residue amendment.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "550", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-012-1448-4"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-012-1448-4", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-012-1448-4", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-012-1448-4"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-09-16T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-012-1463-5", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-09-30", "title": "Response Of Soil Microbial Activity To Grazing, Nitrogen Deposition, And Exotic Cover In A Serpentine Grassland", "description": "Exotic species, nitrogen (N) deposition, and grazing are major drivers of change in grasslands. However little is known about the interactive effects of these factors on below-ground microbial communities. We simulated realistic N deposition increases with low-level fertilization and manipulated grazing with fencing in a split-plot experiment in California\u2019s largest serpentine grassland. We also monitored grazing intensity using camera traps and measured total available N to assess grazing and nutrient enrichment effects on microbial extracellular enzyme activity (EEA), microbial N mineralization, and respiration rates in soil. Continuous measures of grazing intensity and N availability showed that increased grazing and N were correlated with increased microbial activity and were stronger predictors than the categorical grazing and fertilization measures. Exotic cover was also generally correlated with increased microbial activity resulting from exotic-driven nutrient cycling alterations. Seasonal effects, on abiotic factors and plant phenology, were also an important factor in EEA with lower activity occurring at peak plant biomass. In combination with previous studies from this serpentine grassland, our results suggest that grazing intensity and soil N availability may affect the soil microbial community indirectly via effects on exotic cover and associated changes in nutrient cycling while grazing directly impacts soil community function.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-012-1463-5"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-012-1463-5", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-012-1463-5", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-012-1463-5"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-09-29T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-012-1576-x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-01-11", "title": "Effect Of Wildfires On Soil Respiration In Three Typical Mediterranean Forest Ecosystems In Madrid, Spain", "description": "Mediterranean forests are vulnerable to numerous threats including wildfires due to a combination of climatic factors and increased urbanization. In addition, increased temperatures and summer drought lead to increased risk of forest fires as a result of climate change. This may have important consequences for C dynamics and balance in these ecosystems. Soil respiration was measured over 2 successive years in Holm oak (Quercus ilex subsp. ballota; Qi); Pyrenean Oak (Quercus pyrenaica Willd; Qp); and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.; Ps) forest stands located in the area surrounding Madrid (Spain), to assess the long term effects of wildfires on C efflux from the soil, soil properties, and the role of soil temperature and soil moisture in the variation of soil respiration. Soil respiration, soil temperature, soil moisture, fine root mass, microbial biomass, biological and chemical soil parameters were compared between non burned (NB) and burned sites (B). The annual C losses through soil respiration from NB sites in Qi, Qp and Ps were 790, 1010, 1380 gCm\u22122\u2009yr\u22121, respectively, with the B sites emitting 43\u00a0%, 22\u00a0% and 11\u00a0% less in Qi, Qp and Ps respectively. Soil microclimate changed with higher soil temperature and lower soil moisture in B sites after fire. Exchangeable cations and the pH also decreased. The total SOC stocks were not significantly altered, but 6\u20138\u00a0years after wildfires, there was still measurably lower fine root and microbial biomass, while SOC quality changed, indicated by lower the C/N ratio and the labile carbon and a relative increase in refractory SOC forms, which resulted in lower Q10 values. We found long term effects of wildfires on the physical, chemical and biological soil characteristics, which in turn affected soil respiration. The response of soil respiration to temperature was controlled by moisture and changed with ecosystem type, season, and between B and NB sites. Lower post-burn Q10 integrated the loss of roots and microbial biomass, change in SOC quality and a decrease in soil moisture.", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-012-1576-x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-012-1576-x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-012-1576-x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-012-1576-x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-01-12T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11356-024-33934-2", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:19Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-06-19", "title": "Macrophyte assisted phytoremediation and toxicological profiling of metal(loid)s polluted water is influenced by hydraulic retention time", "description": "AbstractThe present study reports findings related to the treatment of polluted groundwater using macrophyte-assisted phytoremediation. The potential of three macrophyte species (Phragmites australis, Scirpus holoschoenus, and Typha angustifolia) to tolerate exposure to multi-metal(loid) polluted groundwater was first evaluated in mesocosms for 7- and 14-day batch testing. In the 7-day batch test, the polluted water was completely replaced\uffc2\uffa0and renewed after 7\uffc2\uffa0days, while for\uffc2\uffa014\uffc2\uffa0days exposure, the same polluted water, added in the first week, was maintained. The initial biochemical screening\uffc2\uffa0results of macrophytes indicated that the selected plants were more tolerant to the provided conditions with 14\uffc2\uffa0days of exposure. Based on these findings, the plants were exposed to HRT regimes of 15 and 30\uffc2\uffa0days. The results showed that P. australis and S. holoschoenus performed better than T. angustifolia, in terms of metal(loid) accumulation and removal, biomass production, and toxicity reduction. In addition, the translocation and compartmentalization of metal(loid)s were dose-dependent. At the 30-day loading rate (higher HRT), below-ground phytostabilization was greater than phytoaccumulation, whereas at the 15-day loading rate (lower HRT), below- and above-ground phytoaccumulation was the dominant metal(loid) removal mechanism. However, higher levels of toxicity were noted in the water at the 15-day loading rate. Overall, this\uffc2\uffa0study provides valuable insights for macrophyte-assisted phytoremediation of polluted (ground)water streams that can help to improve the design and implementation of phytoremediation systems.0.25\u00a0mm), especially small macro-aggregates (0.25\u20132\u00a0mm), throughout the soil profile. SOC content was highest in the macro-aggregates, intermediate in the silt + clay fraction (<0.053\u00a0mm), and lowest in the micro-aggregates (0.25\u20130.053\u00a0mm). However, 44\u201387\u00a0% of total SOC was stored in the silt + clay fraction, especially in the deep layer (at least 80\u00a0%). After 20\u00a0years of fertilizer applications, difference in SOC mainly occurred in the deep layer, and preservation of SOC in the silt + clay fraction appeared to be a prerequisite for soil-carbon sequestration. Applying inorganic fertilizer alone decreased SOC content in the silt + clay fraction in the deep layer, while the combined applications with straw resulted in higher SOC content in the silt + clay fraction in that layer, which turned out to be the main mechanism for increasing SOC content. Our study indicated that applying straw with inorganic fertilizer is the best practice for carbon sequestration, which occurred mainly in the deep soil layer.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Chenhua Li, Lisong Tang, Yan Li,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-013-1605-4"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-013-1605-4", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-013-1605-4", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-013-1605-4"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-013-1636-x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-02-25", "title": "Impact Of Biochar Application On Nitrogen Nutrition Of Rice, Greenhouse-Gas Emissions And Soil Organic Carbon Dynamics In Two Paddy Soils Of China", "description": "Two field microcosm experiments and 15N labeling techniques were used to investigate the effects of biochar addition on rice N nutrition and GHG emissions in an Inceptisol and an Ultisol. Biochar N bioavailability and effect of biochar on fertilizer nitrogen-use efficiency (NUE) were studied by 15N-enriched wheat biochar (7.8803 atom% 15N) and fertilizer urea (5.0026 atom% 15N) (Experiment I). Corn biochar and corn stalks were applied at 12\u00a0Mg\u2009ha\u22121 to study their effects on GHG emissions (Experiment II). Biochar had no significant impact on rice production and less than 2\u00a0% of the biochar N was available to plants in the first season. Biochar addition increased soil C and N contents and decreased urea NUE. Seasonal cumulative CH4 emissions with biochar were similar to the controls, but significantly lower than the local practice of straw amendment. N2O emissions with biochar were similar to the control in the acidic Ultisol, but significantly higher in the slightly alkaline Inceptisol. Carbon-balance calculations found no major losses of biochar-C. Low bio-availability of biochar N did not make a significantly impact on rice production or N nutrition during the first year. Replacement of straw amendments with biochar could decrease CH4 emissions and increase SOC stocks.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-013-1636-x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-013-1636-x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-013-1636-x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-013-1636-x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-02-26T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-013-1733-x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-05-31", "title": "Soil Organic Carbon And Root Distribution In A Temperate Arable Agroforestry System", "description": "To determine, for arable land in a temperate area, the effect of tree establishment and intercropping treatments, on the distribution of roots and soil organic carbon to a depth of 1.5\u00a0m. A poplar (Populus sp.) silvoarable agroforestry experiment including arable controls was established on arable land in lowland England in 1992. The trees were intercropped with an arable rotation or bare fallow for the first 11\u00a0years, thereafter grass was allowed to establish. Coarse and fine root distributions (to depths of up to 1.5\u00a0m and up to 5\u00a0m from the trees) were measured in 1996, 2003, and 2011. The amount and type of soil carbon to 1.5\u00a0m depth was also measured in 2011. The trees, initially surrounded by arable crops rather than fallow, had a deeper coarse root distribution with less lateral expansion. In 2011, the combined length of tree and understorey vegetation roots was greater in the agroforestry treatments than the control, at depths below 0.9\u00a0m. Between 0 and 1.5\u00a0m depth, the fine root carbon in the agroforestry treatment (2.56\u00a0t\u00a0ha-1) was 79% greater than that in the control (1.43\u00a0t\u00a0ha\u22121). Although the soil organic carbon in the top 0.6\u00a0m under the trees (161\u00a0t\u00a0C\u00a0ha\u22121) was greater than in the control (142\u00a0t\u00a0C ha\u22121), a tendency for smaller soil carbon levels beneath the trees at lower depths, meant that there was no overall tree effect when a 1.5\u00a0m soil depth was considered. From a limited sample, there was no tree effect on the proportion of recalcitrant soil organic carbon. The observed decline in soil carbon beneath the trees at soil depths greater than 60\u00a0cm, if observed elsewhere, has important implication for assessments of the role of afforestation and agroforestry in sequestering carbon.", "keywords": ["Carbon sequestration", "2. Zero hunger", "Soil", "Carbon fractions", "Populus", "550", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Agroforestry", "15. Life on land", "Roots", "Carbon"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-013-1733-x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-013-1733-x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-013-1733-x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-013-1733-x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-013-1773-2", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-05-29", "title": "Selenium Accumulation In Durum Wheat And Spring Canola As A Function Of Amending Soils With Selenite, Selenate And Or Sulphate", "description": "Aims A comparison was performed between plant species to determine if extractable, rather than total soil Se, is more effective at predicting plant Se accumulation over a full growing season.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Julie Kikkert, Edward Berkelaar, Beverley Hale,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-013-1773-2"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-013-1773-2", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-013-1773-2", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-013-1773-2"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-05-30T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11367-020-01824-7", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:19Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-10-09", "title": "Using life cycle assessment to quantify the environmental benefit of upcycling vine shoots as fillers in biocomposite packaging materials", "description": "AbstractPurpose
The objective of the present study was to better understand the potential environmental benefit of using vine shoots (ViShs), an agricultural residue, as filler in composite materials. For that purpose, a comparative life cycle assessment (LCA) of a rigid tray made of virgin poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) PHBV, polylactic acid (PLA) or polypropylene (PP), and increasing content of ViSh particles was performed. The contribution of each processing step in the life cycle on the different environmental impacts was identified and discussed. Furthermore, the balance between the environmental and the economic benefits of composite trays was discussed.
MethodsThis work presents a cradle-to-grave LCA of composite rigid trays. Once collected in vineyards, ViShs were dried and ground using dry fractionation processes, then mixed with a polymer matrix by melt extrusion to produce compounds that were finally injected to obtain rigid trays for food packaging. The density of each component was taken into account in order to compare trays with the same volume. The maximum filler content was set to 30 vol% according to recommendations from literature and industrial data. The ReCiPe 2016 Midpoint Hierarchist (H) methodology was used for the assessment using the cutoff system model.
Results and discussionThis study showed that bioplastics are currently less eco-friendly than PP. This is in part due to the fact that LCA does not account for, in existing tools, effects of microplastic accumulation and that bioplastic technologies are still under development with low tonnage. This study also demonstrated the environmental interest of the development of biocomposites by the incorporation of ViSh particles. The minimal filler content of interest depended on the matrices and the impact categories. Concerning global warming, composite trays had less impact than virgin plastic trays from 5 vol% for PHBV or PLA and from 20 vol% for PP. Concerning PHBV, the only biodegradable polymer in natural conditions in this study, the price and the impact on global warming are reduced by 25% and 20% respectively when 30 vol% of ViSh are added.
ConclusionThe benefit of using vine shoots in composite materials from an environmental and economical point of view was demonstrated. As a recommendation, the polymer production step, which constitutes the most important impact, should be optimized and the maximum filler content in composite materials should be increased.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "660", "Biomateriau", "Extrusion", "600", "02 engineering and technology", "[SDV.IDA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering", "/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/responsible_consumption_and_production; name=SDG 12 - Responsible Consumption and Production", "01 natural sciences", "12. Responsible consumption", "Life cycle assessment", "Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate)", "/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/affordable_and_clean_energy; name=SDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy", "Packaging", "13. Climate action", "[SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering", "8. Economic growth", "Emballage alimentaire", "/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/climate_action; name=SDG 13 - Climate Action", "Vine shoots", "0210 nano-technology", "Biocomposite", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11367-020-01824-7.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11367-020-01824-7"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/The%20International%20Journal%20of%20Life%20Cycle%20Assessment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11367-020-01824-7", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11367-020-01824-7", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11367-020-01824-7"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-10-09T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-013-1806-x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-07-04", "title": "Biochar's effect on crop productivity and the dependence on experimental conditions-a meta-analysis of literature data", "description": "For the last decade, there has been an increasing global interest in using biochar to mitigate climate change by storing carbon in soil. However, there is a lack of detailed knowledge on the impact of biochar on the crop productivity in different agricultural systems. The objective of this study was to quantify the effect of biochar soil amendment (BSA) on crop productivity and to analyze the dependence of responses on experimental conditions. A weighted meta-analysis was conducted based on data from 103 studies published up to April, 2013. The effect of BSA on crop productivity was quantified by characterizing experimental conditions. In the published experiments, with biochar amendment rates generally <30\u00a0t\u00a0ha\u22121, BSA increased crop productivity by 11.0\u00a0% on average, while the responses varied with experimental conditions. Greater responses were found in pot experiments than in field, in acid than in neutral soils, in sandy textured than in loam and silt soils. Crop response in field experiments was greater for dry land crops (10.6\u00a0% on average) than for paddy rice (5.6\u00a0% on average). This result, associated with the higher response in acid and sandy textured soils, suggests both a liming and an aggregating/moistening effect of BSA. The analysis suggests a promising role for BSA in improving crop productivity especially for dry land crops, and in acid, poor-structured soils though there was wide variation with soil, crop and biochar properties. Long-term field studies are needed to elucidate the persistence of BSA\u2019s effect and the mechanisms for improving crop production in a wide range of agricultural conditions. At current prices and C-trading schemes, however, BSA would not be cost-effective unless persistent soil improvement and crop response can be demonstrated.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-013-1806-x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-013-1806-x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-013-1806-x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-013-1806-x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-07-06T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-013-1827-5", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-07-12", "title": "Changes In Soil Organic Carbon And Total Nitrogen Stocks After Conversion Of Meadow To Cropland In Northeast China", "description": "Grassland conversion to cropland (GCC) may result in loss of a large amount of soil organic carbon (SOC). However, the assessment of such loss of SOC still involves large uncertainty due to shallow sampling depth, soil bulk density estimation and spatial heterogeneity. Our objectives were to quantify changes in SOC, soil total nitrogen (STN) and C:N ratio in 0\u2013100\u00a0cm soil profile after GCC and to clarify factors influencing the SOC change. A nest-paired sampling design was used in six sites along a temperature gradient in Northeast China. SOC change after GCC ranged from \u221217 to 0\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha\u22121 in 0\u201330\u00a0cm soil layer, recommended by IPCC, across the six sites, but ranged from \u221230 to 7\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha\u22121 when considering 0\u2013100\u00a0cm. We found a linear relationship between SOC change in 30\u2013100\u00a0cm and that in 0\u201330\u00a0cm profile (\u0394C30\u2212100\u2009=\u20090.35\u0394C0\u221230, P\u2009<\u20090.001), suggesting that SOC change in 0\u2013100\u00a0cm was averagely 35\u00a0% higher than that in 0\u201330\u00a0cm. The change in STN showed a similar pattern to SOC, and soil C:N ratio did not change at most of sites. On the other hand, SOC loss after GCC was greater in soils with higher initial SOC content or in croplands without applying chemical fertilizers. Furthermore, SOC loss after GCC decreased with falling mean annual temperature (MAT), and even vanished in the coldest sites. The magnitude of SOC loss following GCC in Northeast China is lower than the global average value, partly due to low MAT here. However, the current low SOC loss can be intensified by remarkable climate warming in this region.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-013-1827-5"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-013-1827-5", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-013-1827-5", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-013-1827-5"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-07-14T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-013-1854-2", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-08-17", "title": "Alfalfa-Grass Biomass, Soil Organic Carbon, And Total Nitrogen Under Different Management Approaches In An Irrigated Agroecosystem", "description": "Management approach may influence forage production as well as soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil total nitrogen (STN) accrued beneath perennial grass-legume components of irrigated crop rotations. This study aimed to evaluate effects of conventional, certified organic, and reduced-tillage management approaches on above- and belowground biomass production and C and N content in alfalfa-grass mixture, and their relationships with SOC and STN. An alfalfa-grass mixture was established in 2009 on four replications under a sprinkler irrigation system. Soil characteristics were analyzed at planting time in 2009. Aboveground biomass production, coarse and fine roots, SOC, STN, aboveground biomass C and N, and coarse- and fine-root C and N were quantified in samples collected during 2009\u20132011. Conventional management produced more aboveground biomass than reduced-tillage and organic, but production under organic matched conventional and exceeded reduced-tillage in the last two harvests of the study. Root production was constant under the three approaches, but resulted in more SOC accrued under reduced-tillage than under the other two approaches. Biomass production was favored by conventional seedbed preparation and soil fertility management while SOC accrual was favored by minimum soil disturbance. In addition, aboveground biomass was influenced by seasonal air temperature, precipitation, and nutrient mineralization from the previous season, so above-/belowground allocation changed seasonally.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "biomass", "carbon", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "alfalfa", "7. Clean energy", "nitrogen", "6. Clean water", "050399 - Soil Sciences not elsewhere classified"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-013-1854-2"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-013-1854-2", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-013-1854-2", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-013-1854-2"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-08-18T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-013-1868-9", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-08-19", "title": "The Influence Of 3-Years Of Warming And N-Deposition On Ecosystem Dynamics Is Small Compared To Past Land Use In Subalpine Meadows", "description": "Drivers of ecosystem dynamics that are under human influence range from local, land-management decisions to global processes such as warming temperatures and N deposition. The goal of this study was to understand how multiple, potentially interacting factors influence net primary production, N mineralization, and water and soil CO2 fluxes. Here I report on a three-year experiment that manipulated air temperature using ITEX passive warming cones and N deposition in a mountain meadow ecosystems that were historically grazed or protected from grazing. The strongest and most consistent effect was due to the legacy of grazing, with previously grazed sites having lower primary production, lower soil respiration rates, lower soil moisture, and lower soil C and N stocks than historically ungrazed sites. Warming increased soil respiration, but the effect was transient, and decreased over the 3-year study. Nitrogen addition increased primary production in the second and third year of the experiment but had no significant effect on soil respiration. The effect of historical grazing on primary production was approximately double the effect of N addition. Temperature and N deposition rarely interacted except for increasing N availability during the warm, wet growing season of 2004. These findings indicate that the legacies of land use, with their influence on plant community composition and hydrologic processes, are locally more important than short-term step changes in temperature and nutrient availability.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Richard A. Gill", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-013-1868-9"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-013-1868-9", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-013-1868-9", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-013-1868-9"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-08-20T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11368-009-0076-y", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:20Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-03-19", "title": "Short-Term Recovery Of Soil Functional Parameters And Edaphic Macro-Arthropod Community After A Forest Fire", "description": "Forest fires can result in severe economic and environmental consequences, and little is known about the ecological patterns and processes that may lead to the recovery of burnt areas. In the last decades, Portugal has been the Southern European country with the highest number of fire events and with the highest burnt area per hectare. With this work, we proposed to study the effect of a forest fire on the terrestrial ecosystem. More specifically, this work intended to evaluate the short-term recovery of several soil chemical, biochemical (microbial enzymatic activities) and biological (edaphic macro-arthropod community) variables in a burnt pine tree forest area. Soil and macro-arthropod sampling was carried out in a burnt area (transects BI, BII and BIII) and in a neighbouring unburnt area (U) 3 and 8\u00a0months after the fire, coinciding with autumn and spring. Soil was collected for the determination of physical (pH and conductivity) and chemical parameters (moisture and organic matter) and soil enzymes (cellulase, acid phosphatase and nitrogen mineralisation rate). Edaphic macro-fauna was captured using pitfall traps. Univariate and multivariate statistics revealed, overall, that burnt sites displayed lower acid phosphatase and cellulase activities and higher conductivity and pH values than the unburnt area. There was a recovery in the measured soil parameters between autumn and spring in the most interior parts of the burnt areas (BII and BIII), but the outer transect (BI, close to a road) still displayed considerable differences to the remaining burnt transects as well as to the unburnt area. A total of 47 macro-arthropod taxa were captured in both seasons, with Linyphiidae spiders (20.2%) and insect families Formicidae (13.4%) and Staphylinidae (11.9%) being the most abundant. Dominance by some taxa was overall stronger in the burnt than in the unburnt area, although dominant taxa varied between seasons. In autumn, the burnt area was dominated by ants and had also a high abundance of scavengers, carrion feeders and some ground active hunters. In spring, there was a general increase in taxa diversity, richness, and total catches; in the burnt area, there was a re-colonisation by several organisms sensitive to litter quality, such as isopods and pseudoscorpions, particularly in the outer transect (closest to the unburnt area). Differences in soil parameters between burnt and unburnt areas were most likely due to the deposition of nutrient-rich alkaline ashes. However, low cellulase activity in the outer part of the burnt area (BI) indicated compromised microbial activity in both sampling seasons. Recovery of soil functional parameters was delayed in the outer zone of the burnt area because of (i) fire intensity in that area or (ii) proximity to the road (enhancing erosion and exposure to contaminants). The pattern of arthropod re-colonisation of the burnt area followed the inverse recovery pattern (from the outer zone to the inner zone), stressing the primary role of the adjacent unburnt area as a source of potentially colonizing organisms. Direct and indirect effects of fire on soil parameters (soil alkalinisation and nutrient enrichment) and edaphic fauna had a short-term persistence in the burnt area, and signs of recovery were evident 8\u00a0months after the fire (spring). The adjacent unburnt area seemed to act as an important source of arthropod colonisers. More prolonged studies on the recovery of soil functional parameters and arthropod community structure are required to understand long-term re-colonisation patterns. Researchers and authorities should also endeavour in the implementation of measures that favour and protect survivors and new indigenous colonisers (microbes, plants and animals) after a forest fire.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "13. Climate action", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-009-0076-y"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Soils%20and%20Sediments", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11368-009-0076-y", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11368-009-0076-y", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11368-009-0076-y"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-03-20T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-013-1814-x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-07-02", "title": "Plant And Soil Responses Of An Alpine Steppe On The Tibetan Plateau To Multi-Level Nitrogen Addition", "description": "Although plant growth in alpine steppes on the Tibetan Plateau has been suggested to be sensitive to nitrogen (N) addition, the N limitation conditions of alpine steppes remain uncertain. After 2\u00a0years of fertilization with NH4NO3 at six rates (0, 10, 20, 40, 80 and 160\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0yr\u22121), the responses of plant and soil parameters as well as N2O fluxes were measured. At the vegetation level, N addition resulted in an increase in the aboveground N pool from 0.5\u2009\u00b1\u20090.1\u00a0g\u00a0m\u22122 in the control plots to 1.9\u2009\u00b1\u20090.2\u00a0g\u00a0m\u22122 in the plots at the highest N input rate. The aboveground C pool, biomass N concentration, foliar \u03b415N, soil NO3 \u2212-N and N2O flux were also increased by N addition. However, as the N fertilization rate increased from 10\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0yr\u22121 to 160\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0yr\u22121, the N-use efficiency decreased from 12.3\u2009\u00b1\u20094.6\u00a0kg\u00a0C\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u22121 to 1.6\u2009\u00b1\u20090.2\u00a0kg\u00a0C\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u22121, and the N-uptake efficiency decreased from 43.2\u2009\u00b1\u20099.7\u00a0% to 9.1\u2009\u00b1\u20091.1\u00a0%. Biomass N:P ratios increased from 14.4\u2009\u00b1\u20092.6 in the control plots to 20.5\u2009\u00b1\u20090.8 in the plots with the highest N input rate. Biomass N:P ratios, N-uptake efficiency and N-use efficiency flattened out at 40\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0yr\u22121. Above this level, soil NO3 \u2212-N began to accumulate. The seasonal average N2O flux of growing season nonlinearly increased with increased N fertilization rate and linearly increased with the weighted average foliar \u03b415N. At the species level, N uptake responses to relative N availability were species-specific. Biomass N concentration of seven out of the eight non-legume species increased significantly with N fertilization rates, while Kobresia macrantha and the one legume species (Oxytropics glacialis) remained stable. Both the non-legume and the legume species showed significant 15N enrichment with increasing N fertilization rate. All non-legume species showed significant increased N:P ratios with increased N fertilization rate, but not the legume species. Our findings suggest that the Tibetan alpine steppes might be N-saturated above a critical N load of 40\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0yr\u22121. For the entire Tibetan Plateau (ca. 2.57 million km2), a low N deposition rate (10\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0yr\u22121) could enhance plant growth, and stimulate aboveground N and C storage by at least 1.1\u2009\u00b1\u20090.3\u00a0Tg\u00a0N\u00a0yr\u22121 and 31.5\u2009\u00b1\u200911.8\u00a0Tg\u00a0C\u00a0yr\u22121, respectively. The non-legume species was N-limited, but the legume species was not limited by N.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-013-1814-x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-013-1814-x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-013-1814-x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-013-1814-x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-07-03T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-013-1851-5", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-08-12", "title": "Biochar Application To A Fertile Sandy Clay Loam In Boreal Conditions: Effects On Soil Properties And Yield Formation Of Wheat, Turnip Rape And Faba Bean", "description": "We studied the effect of different biochar (BC) application rates on soil properties, crop growth dynamics and yield on a fertile sandy clay loam in boreal conditions. In a three-year field experiment conducted in Finland, the field was divided into three sub-experiments with a split-plot experimental design, one for each crop: wheat (Triticum aestivum), turnip rape (Brassica rapa), and faba bean (Vicia faba). The main plot factor was BC rate (0, 5 and 10\u00a0t DM ha\u22121) and the sub-plot factor was the N-P-K fertiliser rate. Soil physico-chemical properties as well as plant development, yield components and quality were investigated. BC addition did not significantly affect the soil chemical composition other than the increased C and initially increased K contents. Increased soil moisture content was associated with BC application, especially at the end of the growing seasons. BC decreased the N content of turnip rape and wheat biomass in 2010, thus possibly indicating an initial N immobilisation. In dry years, the seed number per plant was significantly higher in faba bean and turnip rape when grown with BC, possibly due to compensation for decreased plant density and relieved water deficit. However, the grain yields and N uptake with BC addition were not significantly different from the control in any year. Even though BC application to a fertile sandy clay loam in a boreal climate might have relieved transient water deficit and thereby supported yield formation of crops, it did not improve the yield or N uptake.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-013-1851-5"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-013-1851-5", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-013-1851-5", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-013-1851-5"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-08-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-013-1855-1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-08-21", "title": "Soil Microorganisms Respond To Five Years Of Climate Change Manipulations And Elevated Atmospheric Co2 In A Temperate Heath Ecosystem", "description": "Soil microbial responses to global change can affect organic matter turnover and nutrient cycling thereby altering the overall ecosystem functioning. In a large-scale experiment, we investigated the impact of 5\u00a0years of climate change and elevated atmospheric CO2 on soil microorganisms and nutrient availability in a temperate heathland. The future climate was simulated by increased soil temperature (+0.3\u00a0\u00b0C), extended pre-summer drought (excluding 5\u20138\u00a0% of the annual precipitation) and elevated CO2 (+130\u00a0ppm) in a factorial design. Soil organic matter and nutrient pools were analysed and linked to microbial measures by quantitative PCR of bacteria and fungi, chloroform fumigation extraction, and substrate-induced respiration to assess their impact of climate change on nutrient availability. Warming resulted in higher measures of fungi and bacteria, of microbial biomass and of microbial growth potential, however, this did not reduce the availability of nitrogen or phosphorus in the soil. Elevated CO2 did not directly affect the microbial measures or nutrient pools, whereas drought shifted the microbial community towards a higher fungal dominance. Although we were not able to show strong interactive effects of the global change factors, warming and drought changed both nutrient availability and microbial community composition in the heathland soil, which could alter the ecosystem carbon and nutrient flow in the long-term.", "keywords": ["Bacterial abundance", "2. Zero hunger", "0301 basic medicine", "0303 health sciences", "Soil nutrient pools", "Elevated carbon dioxide", "CLIMAITE", "Fungal abundance", "15. Life on land", "Real-time quantitative PCR", "6. Clean water", "Long-term ecosystem manipulation", "03 medical and health sciences", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "Deschampsia flexuosa"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-013-1855-1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-013-1855-1", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-013-1855-1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-013-1855-1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-08-22T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-013-1923-6", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-10-08", "title": "Comparison of methane, nitrous oxide fluxes and CO2 respiration rates from a Mediterranean cork oak ecosystem and improved pasture", "description": "Background and aims During the recent decades, cork oak (Q. suber) mortality has been increasing in Mediterranean oak woodland endangering the economical and environmental sustainability of the \u201cmontado\u201d ecosystem. This fact in combination with climate change and conversion of forestland to pasture may significantly affect the soil-atmosphere greenhouse gases (GHGs) exchange. Our study evaluates the impact of oak trees as compared to pasture on net ecosystem GHG (CH4, N2O, and CO2) exchange as well as the main environmental factors influencing this exchange.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "litter", "13. Climate action", "greenhouse gases", "root density", "evergreen oak", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Mediterranean", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "organic matter", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11104-013-1923-6"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-013-1923-6"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-013-1923-6", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-013-1923-6", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-013-1923-6"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-10-09T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11368-009-0178-6", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:20Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-01-26", "title": "Carbon Dynamics In Subtropical Forest Soil: Effects Of Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Enrichment And Nitrogen Addition", "description": "The levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration ([CO2]) are rapidly increasing. Understanding carbon (C) dynamics in soil is important for assessing the soil C sequestration potential under elevated [CO2]. Nitrogen (N) is often regarded as a limiting factor in the soil C sequestration under future CO2 enrichment environment. However, few studies have been carried out to examine what would happen in the subtropical or tropical areas where the ambient N deposition is high. In this study, we used open-top chambers to study the effect of elevated atmospheric [CO2] alone and together with N addition on the soil C dynamics in the first 4\u00a0years of the treatments applied in southern China. Above- and below-ground C input (tree biomass) into soil, soil respiration, soil organic C, and total N as well as dissolved organic C (DOC) were measured periodically in each of the open-top chambers. Soil samples were collected randomly in each chamber from each of the soil layers (0\u201320, 20\u201340, and 40\u201360\u00a0cm) using a standard soil sampling tube (2.5-cm inside diameter). Soil leachates were collected at the bottom of the chamber below-ground walls in stainless steel boxes. The highest above- and below-ground C input into soil was found in the high CO2 and high N treatment (CN), followed by the only high N treatment (N+), the only high CO2 treatment (C+), and then the control (CK) without any CO2 enrichment or N addition. DOC in the leachates was small for all the treatments. Export of DOC played a minor role in C cycling in our experiment. Generally, soil respiration rate in the chambers followed the order: CN treatment\u2009>\u2009C\u2009+\u2009treatment\u2009>\u2009N\u2009+\u2009treatment\u2009>\u2009the control. Except for the C+ treatment, there were no significant differences in soil total N among the CN treatment, N + treatment, and the control. Overall, soil organic C (SOC) was significantly affected by the treatments (p\u2009 \u2009N\u2009+\u2009treatment\u2009>\u2009C\u2009+\u2009treatment\u2009=\u2009CK treatment. Compared with the control, the higher SOC in the CN and N+ treatment was due to the greater above- and below-ground C input. The increased soil respiration in the C+ treatment led to the lower SOC. Elevated atmospheric [CO2] in the subtropical China accelerated soil C sequestration in this area; however, this increase would still need additional N input. The increased soil C pool was due to the enhanced tree growth. Special climatic condition in this area and the high density of tree planting might further accelerate soil C sequestration in this area.", "keywords": ["Environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Earth sciences", "Agricultural", "veterinary and food sciences", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Soil sciences not elsewhere classified", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-009-0178-6"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Soils%20and%20Sediments", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11368-009-0178-6", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11368-009-0178-6", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11368-009-0178-6"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-01-27T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-014-2033-9", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:10Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-02-25", "title": "Interactions Between Leaf Litter And Soil Organic Matter On Carbon And Nitrogen Mineralization In Six Forest Litter-Soil Systems", "description": "Leaf litter decomposes on the surface of soil in natural systems and element transfers between litter and soil are commonly found. However, how litter and soil organic matter (SOM) interact to influence decomposition rate and nitrogen (N) release remains unclear. Leaf litter and mineral soil of top 0-5 cm from six forests were incubated separately, or together with litter on soil surface at 25 A degrees C for 346 days. Litter N remaining and soil respiration rate were repeatedly measured during incubation. Litter carbon (C) and mass losses and mineral N concentrations in litter and soil were measured at the end of incubation. Net N transfer from soil to litter was found in all litters when incubated with soil. Litter incubated with soil lost more C than litter incubated alone after 346 days. For litters with initial C: N ratios lower than 52, net N-min after 346 days was 100 % higher when incubated with soil than when incubated alone. Litter net N-min rate was negatively related to initial C: N ratio when incubated with soil but not when incubated alone. Soil respiration rate and net N-min rate did not differ between soil incubated with litter and soil incubated alone. We conclude that soils may enhance litter decomposition rate by net N transfer from soil to litter. Our results together with studies on litter mixture decomposition suggest that net N transfer between decomposing organic matter with different N status may be common and may significantly influence decomposition and N release. The low net N-min rate during litter decomposition along with the small size of litter N pool compared to soil N pool suggest that SOM rather than decomposing litter is the major contributor to plant mineral N supply.", "keywords": ["0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-014-2033-9"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-014-2033-9", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-014-2033-9", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-014-2033-9"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-02-26T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-014-2076-y", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:10Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-03-06", "title": "Nitrogen Deposition Promotes Ecosystem Carbon Accumulation By Reducing Soil Carbon Emission In A Subtropical Forest", "description": "Background and aims Tropical and subtropical forests are experiencing high levels of atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition, but the responses of such forests ecosystems to N deposition remain poorly understood.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "13. Climate action", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Wenfei Liu, Rongzhen Huang, Yinghong Yuan, Jianping Wu, Yanyan Li, Yingchun Liao, Houbao Fan,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-014-2076-y"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-014-2076-y", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-014-2076-y", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-014-2076-y"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-03-07T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-014-2153-2", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:10Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-05-26", "title": "Effects Of Experimental Warming And Nitrogen Fertilization On Soil Microbial Communities And Processes Of Two Subalpine Coniferous Species In Eastern Tibetan Plateau, China", "description": "This study aimed at predicting how sub-alpine coniferous ecosystems respond to global changes in the Eastern Tibetan Plateau by understanding soil microbial communities and activities, as well as variation in the quality and quantity of soil organic matter. An experiment was conducted to examine soil microbial communities and their related soil processes in rhizospheric soil of two coniferous species that were exposed to two levels of temperature (unwarmed and infrared heater warming) and two levels of nitrogen (unfertilized and 25\u00a0g\u00a0N\u00a0m\u22122 a\u22121) from April 2007. Four-year night warming alone slightly affected the phospholipid fatty acid contents of the microbial community. However, the combination of nitrogen addition and soil warming significantly affected soil microbial composition while reducing the biomass of major microbial groups and the activities of most enzymes, especially in Abies faxoniana plots. The combination of warming and nitrogen addition increased soil labile C and N pools in Picea asperata plots and was beneficial for soil recalcitrant C, as well as for labile and total C and N pools in A. faxoniana plots. Results indicated that future warming will slightly affect soil microbial communities and their related soil processes. However, warming combined with high nitrogen deposition will significantly constrain soil microbial biomass and enzyme activities, consequently increasing soil C and N pools in sub-alpine coniferous forests of this region.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-014-2153-2"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-014-2153-2", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-014-2153-2", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-014-2153-2"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-05-27T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=TE&offset=2250&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=TE&offset=2250&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "prev", "title": "items (prev)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=TE&offset=2200", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "next", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (next)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=TE&offset=2300", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 21741, "numberReturned": 50, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-04-04T14:28:13.180275Z"}